Unabridged Dictionary - Letter F
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F
F (&ecre;f).
1. F is the sixth letter of the English alphabet, and a nonvocal
consonant. Its form and sound are from the Latin. The Latin borrowed
the form from the Greek digamma w
consonant. The form and value of Greek letter came from the
Ph\'d2nician, the ultimate source being probably Egyptian.
Etymologically fis most closely related to p,k,v, and b; as in E.
five, Gr. f, L. lupus, Gr. fox, vixen ; fragile, break ; fruit, brook,
v. t.; E. bear, L. ferre. See Guide to Pronunciation, &root; 178, 179,
188, 198, 230.
2. (Mus.) The name of the fourth tone of the model scale, or scale of
C. F sharp (F #) is a tone intermediate between F and G.
F clef, the bass clef. See under Clef.
Fa
Fa (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) (a) A syllable applied to the fourth tone of
the diatonic scale in solmization. (b) The tone F.
Fabaceous
Fa*ba"ceous (?), a. [L. fabaceus, fr. faba bean.] Having the nature of
a bean; like a bean.
Fabella
Fa*bel"la (?), n.; pl. Fabellae (-l. [NL., dim. of L. faba a bean.]
(Anat.) One of the small sesamoid bones situated behind the condyles
of the femur, in some mammals.
Fabian
Fa"bi*an (?), a. [L. Fabianus, Fabius, belonging to Fabius.] Of,
pertaining to, or in the manner of, the Roman general, Quintus Fabius
Maximus Verrucosus; cautious; dilatory; avoiding a decisive contest.
Fabian policy, a policy like that of Fabius Maximus, who, by carefully
avoiding decisive contests, foiled Hannibal, harassing his army by
marches, countermarches, and ambuscades; a policy of delays and
cautions.
Fable
Fa"ble (?), n. [F., fr. L. fabula, fr. fari to speak, say. See Ban,
and cf. Fabulous, Fame.]
1. A Feigned story or tale, intended to instruct or amuse; a
fictitious narration intended to enforce some useful truth or precept;
an apologue. See the Note under Apologue.
Jotham's fable of the trees is the oldest extant. Addison
.
2. The plot, story, or connected series of events, forming the subject
of an epic or dramatic poem.
The moral is the first business of the poet; this being formed, he
contrives such a design or fable as may be most suitable to the
moral. Dryden.
3. Any story told to excite wonder; common talk; the theme of talk.
"Old wives' fables. " 1 Tim. iv. 7.
We grew The fable of the city where we dwelt. Tennyson.
4. Fiction; untruth; falsehood.
It would look like a fable to report that this gentleman gives away
a great fortune by secret methods. Addison.
Fable
Fa"ble, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fabled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fabling (?).]
To compose fables; hence, to write or speak fiction ; to write or
utter what is not true. "He Fables not." Shak.
Vain now the tales which fabling poets tell. Prior.
He fables, yet speaks truth. M. Arnold.
Fable
Fa"ble, v. t. To fiegn; to invent; to devise, and speak of, as true or
real; to tell of falsely.
The hell thou fablest. Milton.
Fabler
Fa"bler (?), n. A writer of fables; a fabulist; a dealer in untruths
or falsehoods. Br. Hall.
Fabliau
Fa`bli`au" (?), n.; pl. Fabliaux . [F., fr. OF.fablel, dim. of fable a
fable.] (Fr. Lit.) One of the metrical tales of the Trouv\'8ares, or
early poets of the north of France.
Fabric
Fab"ric (?), n. [L. fabrica fabric, workshop: cf. F. fabrique fabric.
See Forge.]
1. The structure of anything; the manner in which the parts of a thing
are united; workmanship; texture; make; as cloth of a beautiful
fabric.
2. That which is fabricated; as : (a) Framework; structure; edifice;
building.
Anon out of the earth a fabric huge Rose like an exhalation.
Milton.
(b) Cloth of any kind that is woven or knit from fibers, either
vegetable or animal; manufactured cloth; as, silks or other fabrics.
3. The act of constructing; construction. [R.]
Tithe was received by the bishop, . . . for the fabricof the
churches for the poor. Milman.
4. Any system or structure consisting of connected parts; as, the
fabric of the universe.
The whole vast fabric of society. Macaulay.
Fabric
Fab"ric, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fabricked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fabricking.] To frame; to built; to construct. [Obs.] "Fabric their
mansions." J. Philips.
Fabricant
Fab"ri*cant (?), n. [F.] One who fabricates; a manufacturer. Simmonds.
Fabricate
Fab"ri*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fabricated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fabricating (?).] [L. fabricatus, p.p. of fabricari, fabricare, to
frame, build, forge, fr. fabrica. See Fabric, Farge.]
1. To form into a whole by uniting its parts; to frame; to construct;
to build; as, to fabricate a bridge or ship.
2. To form by art and labor; to manufacture; to produce; as, to
fabricate woolens.
3. To invent and form; to forge; to devise falsely; as, to fabricate a
lie or story.
Our books were not fabricated with an accomodation to prevailing
usages. Paley.
Fabrication
Fab`ri*ca"tion (?), n. [L. fabricatio; cf. F. fabrication.]
1. The act of fabricating, framing, or constructing; construction;
manufacture; as, the fabrication of a bridge, a church, or a
government. Burke.
2. That which is fabricated; a falsehood; as, the story is doubtless a
fabrication. Syn. -- See Fiction.
Fabricator
Fab"ri*ca`tor (?), n. [L.] One who fabricates; one who constructs or
makes.
The fabricator of the works of Ossian. Mason.
Fabricatress
Fab"ri*ca`tress (?), n. A woman who fabricates.
Fabrile
Fab"rile (?), a. [L. fabrilis, fr. faber workman. See Forge.]
Pertaining to a workman, or to work in stone, metal, wood etc.; as,
fabrile skill.
Fabulist
Fab"u*list (?), n. [Cf. F. fabuliste, fr. L. fabula. See Fable.] One
who invents or writes fables.
Fabulize
Fab"u*lize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fabulized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fabulizing (?).] [Cf. F. fabuliser. See Fable.] To invent, compose, or
relate fables or fictions. G. S. Faber.
Fabulosity
Fab`u*los"i*ty (?), n. [L. fabulositas: cf. F. fabulosit\'82.]
1. Fabulousness. [R.] Abp. Abbot.
2. A fabulous or fictitious story. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Fabulous
Fab"u*lous (?), a. [L. fabulosus; cf. F. fabuleux. See Fable.]
1. Feigned, as a story or fable; related in fable; devised; invented;
not real; fictitious; as, a fabulous description; a fabulous hero.
The fabulous birth of Minerva. Chesterfield.
2. Passing belief; exceedingly great; as, a fabulous price. Macaulay.
Fabulous age, that period in the history of a nation of which the only
accounts are myths and unverified legends; as, the fabulous age of
Greek and Rome. -- Fab"u*lous*ly (#), adv. -- Fab"u*lous*ness, n.
Faburden
Fab"ur*den (?), n. [F. foux bpirdon. See False, and Burden a verse.]
1. (Mus.) (a) A species of counterpoint with a drone bass. (b) A
succession of chords of the sixth. [Obs.]
2. A monotonous refrain. [Obs.] Holland.
Fac
Fac (?), n. [Abbrev. of facsimile.] A large ornamental letter used,
esp. by the early printers, at the commencement of the chapters and
other divisions of a book. Brande & C.
Fa\'87ade
Fa`\'87ade" (?), n. [F., fr. It. facciata, fr. fassia face, L. facies.
See Face.] (Arch.) The front of a building; esp., the principal front,
having some architectural pretensions. Thus a church is said to have
its facade unfinished, though the interior may be in use.
Face
Face (?), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere
to make (see Fact); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root
meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. Facetious.]
1. The exterior form or appearance of anything; that part which
presents itself to the view; especially, the front or upper part or
surface; that which particularly offers itself to the view of a
spectator.
A mist . . . watered the whole face of the ground. Gen. ii. 6.
Lake Leman wooes me with its crystal face. Byron.
2. That part of a body, having several sides, which may be seen from
one point, or which is presented toward a certain direction; one of
the bounding planes of a solid; as, a cube has six faces.
3. (Mach.) (a) The principal dressed surface of a plate, disk, or
pulley; the principal flat surface of a part or object. (b) That part
of the acting surface of a cog in a cog wheel, which projects beyond
the pitch line. (c) The width of a pulley, or the length of a cog from
end to end; as, a pulley or cog wheel of ten inches face.
4. (Print.) (a) The upper surface, or the character upon the surface,
of a type, plate, etc. (b) The style or cut of a type or font of type.
5. Outside appearance; surface show; look; external aspect, whether
natural, assumed, or acquired.
To set a face upon their own malignant design. Milton.
This would produce a new face of things in Europe. Addison.
We wear a face of joy, because We have been glad of yore.
Wordsworth.
6. That part of the head, esp. of man, in which the eyes, cheeks,
nose, and mouth are situated; visage; countenance.
In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread. Gen. iii. 19.
7. Cast of features; expression of countenance; look; air; appearance.
We set the best faceon it we could. Dryden.
8. (Astrol.) Ten degrees in extent of a sign of the zodiac. Chaucer.
9. Maintenance of the countenance free from abashment or confusion;
confidence; boldness; shamelessness; effrontery.
This is the man that has the face to charge others with false
citations. Tillotson.
10. Presence; sight; front; as in the phrases, before the face of, in
the immediate presence of; in the face of, before, in, or against the
front of; as, to fly in the face of danger; to the face of, directly
to; from the face of, from the presenceof.
11. Mode of regard, whether favorable or unfavorable; favor or anger;
mostly in Scriptural phrases.
The Lord make his face to shine upon thee. Num. vi. 25.
My face [favor] will I turn also from them. Ezek. vii. 22.
12. (Mining) The end or wall of the tunnel, drift, or excavation, at
which work is progressing or was last done.
13. (Com.) The exact amount expressed on a bill, note, bond, or other
mercantile paper, without any addition for interest or reduction for
discount.<-- = face value --> McElrath.
NOTE: &hand; Fa ce is us ed ei ther ad jectively or as part of a
compound; as, face guard or face-guard; face cloth; face plan or
face-plan; face hammer.
Face ague (Med.), a form of neuralgia, characterized by acute
lancinating pains returning at intervals, and by twinges in certain
parts of the face, producing convulsive twitches in the corresponding
muscles; -- called also tic douloureux. -- Face card, one of a pack of
playing cards on which a human face is represented; the king, queen,
or jack. -- Face cloth, a cloth laid over the face of a corpse. --
Face guard, a mask with windows for the eyes, worn by workman exposed
to great heat, or to flying particles of metal, stone, etc., as in
glass works, foundries, etc. -- Face hammer, a hammer having a flat
face. -- Face joint (Arch.), a joint in the face of a wall or other
structure. -- Face mite (Zo\'94ll.), a small, elongated mite (Demdex
folliculorum), parasitic in the hair follicles of the face. -- Face
mold, the templet or pattern by which carpenters, ect., outline the
forms which are to be cut out from boards, sheet metal, ect. -- Face
plate. (a) (Turning) A plate attached to the spindle of a lathe, to
which the work to be turned may be attached. (b) A covering plate for
an object, to receive wear or shock. (c) A true plane for testing a
dressed surface. Knight. -- Face wheel. (Mach.) (a) A crown wheel. (b)
A Wheel whose disk face is adapted for grinding and polishing; a
lap.<-- face value = face, 13. Also used metaphorically, = apparent
value: "Take at its face value" --> Cylinder face (Steam Engine), the
flat part of a steam cylinder on which a slide valve moves. -- Face of
an anvil, its flat upper surface. -- Face of a bastion (Fort.), the
part between the salient and the shoulder angle. -- Face of coal
(Mining), the principal cleavage plane, at right angles to the
stratification. -- Face of a gun, the surface of metal at the muzzle.
-- Face of a place (Fort.), the front comprehended between the flanked
angles of two neighboring bastions. Wilhelm. -- Face of a square
(Mil.), one of the sides of a battalion when formed in a square. --
Face of a watch, clock, compass, card etc., the dial or graduated
surface on which a pointer indicates the time of day, point of the
compass, etc. -- Face to face. (a) In the presence of each other; as,
to bring the accuser and the accused face to face. (b) Without the
interposition of any body or substance. "Now we see through a glass
darkly; but then face to face." 1 Cor. xiii. 12. (c) With the faces or
finished surfaces turned inward or toward one another; vis \'85 vis;
-- opposed to back to back. -- To fly in the face of, to defy; to
brave; to withstand. -- To make a face, to distort the countenance; to
make a grimace. Shak.
Face
Face (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Faced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Facing (?).]
1. To meet in front; to oppose with firmness; to resist, or to meet
for the purpose of stopping or opposing; to confront; to encounter;
as, to face an enemy in the field of battale.
I'll face This tempest, and deserve the name of king. Dryden.
2. To Confront impudently; to bully.
I will neither be facednor braved. Shak.
3. To stand opposite to; to stand with the face or front toward; to
front upon; as, the apartments of the general faced the park.
He gained also with his forces that part of Britain which faces
Ireland. Milton.
4. To cover in front, for ornament, protection, etc.; to put a facing
upon; as, a building faced with marble.
5. To line near the edge, esp. with a different material; as, to face
the front of a coat, or the bottom of a dress.
6. To cover with better, or better appearing, material than the mass
consists of, for purpose of deception, as the surface of a box of tea,
a barrel of sugar, etc.
7. (Mach.) To make the surface of (anything) flat or smooth; to dress
the face of (a stone, a casting, etc.); esp., in turning, to shape or
smooth the flat surface of, as distinguished from the cylindrical
surface.
8. To cause to turn or present a face or front, as in a particular
direction.
To face down, to put down by bold or impudent opposition. "He faced
men down." Prior. -- To face (a thing) out, to persist boldly or
impudently in an assertion or in a line of conduct. "That thinks with
oaths to face the matter out." Shak
Face
Face, v. i.
1. To carry a false appearance; to play the hypocrite. "To lie, to
face, to forge." Spenser.
2. To turn the face; as, to face to the right or left.
Face about, man; a soldier, and afraid! Dryden.
3. To present a face or front.
Faced
Faced (?), a. Having (such) a face, or (so many) faces; as,
smooth-faced, two-faced.
Faser
Fa"ser (?), n.
1. One who faces; one who puts on a false show; a bold-faced person.
[Obs.]
There be no greater talkers, nor boasters, nor fasers. Latimer.
2. A blow in the face, as in boxing; hence, any severe or stunning
check or defeat, as in controversy. [Collog.]
I should have been a stercoraceous mendicant if I had hollowed when
I got a facer. C. Kingsley.
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Page 536
Facet
Fac"et (?), n. [F. facette, dim. of face face. See Face.]
1. A little face; a small, plane surface; as, the facets of a diamond.
[Written also facette.]
2. (Anat.) A smooth circumscribed surface; as, the articular facet of
a bone.
3. (Arch.) The narrow plane surface between flutings of a column.
4. (Zo\'94l.) One of the numerous small eyes which make up the
compound eyes of insects and crustaceans.
Facet
Fac"et, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Faceted; p. pr. & vb. n. Faceting.] To cut
facets or small faces upon; as, to facet a diamond.
Facete
Fa*cete" (?), a. [L. facetus elegant, fine, facetious; akin to facies.
See Face, and cf. Facetious.] Facetious; witty; humorous. [Archaic] "A
facete discourse." Jer. Taylor.
"How to interpose" with a small, smart remark, sentiment facete, or
unctuous anecdote. Prof. Wilson.
-- Fa*cete"ly, adv. -- Fa*cete"ness, n.
Faceted
Fac"et*ed (?), a. Having facets.
Faceti\'91
Fa*ce"ti*\'91 (, n. pl. [L., fr. facetus. See Facete.] Witty or
humorous writings or saying; witticisms; merry conceits.
Facetious
Fa*ce"tious (?), a. [Cf. F. fac\'82tieux. See Faceti\'91.]
1. Given to wit and good humor; merry; sportive; jocular; as, a
facetious companion.
2. Characterized by wit and pleasantry; exciting laughter; as, a
facetious story or reply. -- Fa*ce"tious*ly, adv. -- Fa*ce"tious*ness,
n.
Facette
Fa*cette" (?), n. [F.] See Facet, n.
Facework
Face"work` (?), n. The material of the outside or front side, as of a
wall or building; facing.
Facia
Fa"ci*a (?), n. (Arch.) See Fascia.
Facial
Fa"cial (?), a. [LL. facialis, fr. L. facies face : cf. F. facial.] Of
or pertaining to the face; as, the facial artery, vein, or nerve. --
Fa"cial*ly, adv. Facial angle (Anat.), the angle, in a skull, included
between a straight line (ab, in the illustrations), from the most
prominent part of the forehead to the front efge of the upper jaw
bone, and another (cd) from this point to the center of the external
auditory opening. See Gnathic index, under Gnathic.
Faciend
Fa"ci*end (?), n. [From neut. of L. faciendus, gerundive of facere to
do.] (Mach.) The multiplicand. See Facient,
2.
Facient
Fa"cient (?), n. [L. faciens, -- entis, p. pr. of facere to make, do.
See Fact.]
1. One who does anything, good or bad; a doer; an agent. [Obs.] Br.
Hacket.
2. (Mach.) (a) One of the variables of a quantic as distinguished from
a coefficient. (b) The multiplier.
NOTE: &hand; The terms facient, faciend, and factum, may imply that
the multiplication involved is not ordinary multiplication, but is
either some specified operation, or, in general, any mathematical
operation. See Multiplication.
Facies
Fa"ci*es (?), n. [L., from, face. See Face.]
1. The anterior part of the head; the face.
2. (Biol.) The general aspect or habit of a species, or group of
species, esp. with reference to its adaptation to its environment.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The face of a bird, or the front of the head, excluding
the bill.
Facies Hippocratica. (Med.) See Hippocratic.
Facile
Fac"ile (?) a. [L. facilis, prop., capable of being done or made,
hence, facile, easy, fr. facere to make, do: cf. F. facile. Srr Fact,
and cf. Faculty.]
1. Easy to be done or performed: not difficult; performable or
attainable with little labor.
Order . . . will render the work facile and delightful. Evelyn.
2. Easy to be surmounted or removed; easily conquerable; readily
mastered.
The facile gates of hell too slightly barred. Milton.
3. Easy of access or converse; mild; courteous; not haughty, austere,
or distant; affable; complaisant.
I meant she should be courteous, facile, sweet. B. Jonson.
4. Easily persuaded to good or bad; yielding; ductile to a fault;
pliant; flexible.
Since Adam, and his facile consort Eve, Lost Paradise, deceived by
me. Milton.
This is treating Burns like a child, a person of so facile a
disposition as not to be trusted without a keeper on the king's
highway. Prof. Wilson.
5. Ready; quick; expert; as, he is facile in expedients; he wields a
facile pen. -- Fac"ile-ly, adv. -- Fac"ile*ness, n.
Facilitate
Fa*cil"i*tate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Facilitated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Facilitating (?).] [Cf. F. faciliter. See Facility.] To make easy
or less difficult; to free from difficulty or impediment; to lessen
the labor of; as, to facilitate the execution of a task.
To invite and facilitate that line of proceeding which the times
call for. I. Taylor.
Facilitation
Fa*cil`i*ta"tion (?), n. The act of facilitating or making easy.
Facility
Fa*cil"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Facilities (#). [L. facilitas, fr. facilis
easy: cf. F. facilitFacile.]
1. The quality of being easily performed; freedom from difficulty;
ease; as, the facility of an operation.
The facility with which government has been overturned in France.
Burke
.
2. Ease in performance; readiness proceeding from skill or use;
dexterity; as, practice gives a wonderful facility in executing works
of art.
3. Easiness to be persuaded; readiness or compliance; -- usually in a
bad sense; pliancy.
It is a great error to take facility for good nature. L'Estrange.
4. Easiness of access; complaisance; affability.
Offers himself to the visits of a friend with facility. South.
5. That which promotes the ease of any action or course of conduct;
advantage; aid; assistance; -- usually in the plural; as, special
facilities for study. Syn. -- Ease; expertness; readiness; dexterity;
complaisance; condescension; affability. -- Facility, Expertness,
Readiness. These words have in common the idea of performing any act
with ease and promptitude. Facility supposes a natural or acquired
power of dispatching a task with lightness and ease. Expertness is the
kind of facility acquired by long practice. Readiness marks the
promptitude with which anything is done. A merchant needs great
facility in dispatching business; a bunker, great expertness in
casting accounts; both need great readiness in passing from one
employment to another. "The facility which we get of doing things by a
custom of doing, makes them often pass in us without our notice."
Locke. "The army was celebrated for the expertness and valor of the
soldiers." "A readiness obey the known will of God is the surest means
to enlighten the mind in respect to duty."
Facing
Fa"cing (?), n.
1. A covering in front, for ornament or other purpose; an exterior
covering or sheathing; as, the facing of an earthen slope, sea wall,
etc. , to strengthen it or to protect or adorn the exposed surface.
2. A lining placed near the edge of a garment for ornament or
protection.
3. (Arch.) The finishing of any face of a wall with material different
from that of which it is chiefly composed, or the coating or material
so used.
4. (Founding) A powdered substance, as charcoal, bituminous coal,
ect., applied to the face of a mold, or mixed with the sand that forms
it, to give a fine smooth surface to the casting.
5. (Mil.) (a) pl. The collar and cuffs of a military coat; -- commonly
of a color different from that of the coat. (b) The movement of
soldiers by turning on their heels to the right, left, or about; --
chiefly in the pl.
Facing brick, front or pressed brick.
Facingly
Fa"cing*ly, adv. In a facing manner or position.
Facinorous
Fa*cin"o*rous (?), a. [L. facinorous, from facinus deed, bad deed,
from facere to make, do.] Atrociously wicked. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. --
Fa*cin"o*rous*ness, n. [Obs.]
Facound
Fac"ound (?), n. [F. faconde, L. facundia. See Facund.] Speech;
eloquence. [Obs.]
Her facound eke full womanly and plain. Chaucer.
Facsimile
Fac*sim"i*le (?), n.; pl. Facsimiles (-l. [L. fac simile make like; or
an abbreviation of factum simile made like; facere to make + similes
like. See Fact, and Simile.] A copy of anything made, either so as to
be deceptive or so as to give every part and detail of the original;
an exact copy or likeness. Facsimile telegraph, a telegraphic
apparatus reproducing messages in autograph.
Facsimile
Fac*sim"i*le, (
Fact
Fact (?), n. [L. factum, fr. facere to make or do. Cf. Feat, Affair,
Benefit, Defect, Fashion, and -fy.]
1. A doing, making, or preparing. [Obs.]
A project for the fact and vending Of a new kind of fucus, paint
for ladies. B. Jonson.
2. An effect produced or achieved; anything done or that comes to
pass; an act; an event; a circumstance.
What might instigate him to this devilish fact, I am not able to
conjecture. Evelyn.
He who most excels in fact of arms. Milton.
3. Reality; actuality; truth; as, he, in fact, excelled all the rest;
the fact is, he was beaten.
4. The assertion or statement of a thing done or existing; sometimes,
even when false, improperly put, by a transfer of meaning, for the
thing done, or supposed to be done; a thing supposed or asserted to be
done; as, history abounds with false facts.
I do not grant the fact. De Foe.
This reasoning is founded upon a fact which is not true. Roger
Long.
NOTE: &hand; Th eTerm fa ct ha s in jurisprudence peculiar uses in
contrast with low; as, attorney at low, and attorney in fact; issue
in low, and issue in fact. There is also a grand distinction
between low and fact with reference to the province of the judge
and that of the jury, the latter generally determining the fact,
the former the low.
Burrill Bouvier. Accessary before, OR after, the fact. See under
Accessary. -- Matter of fact, an actual occurrence; a verity; used
adjectively: of or pertaining to facts; prosaic; unimaginative; as, a
matter-of-fact narration. Syn. -- Act; deed; performance; event;
incident; occurrence; circumstance.
Faction
Fac"tion (?), n. [L. factio a doing, a company of persons acting
together, a faction: cf. F. faction See Fashion.]
1. (Anc. Hist.) One of the divisions or parties of charioteers
(distinguished by their colors) in the games of the circus.
2. A party, in political society, combined or acting in union, in
opposition to the government, or state; -- usually applied to a
minority, but it may be applied to a majority; a combination or clique
of partisans of any kind, acting for their own interests, especially
if greedy, clamorous, and reckless of the common good.
3. Tumult; discord; dissension.
They remained at Newbury in great faction among themselves.
Clarendon.
Syn. -- Combination; clique; junto. See Cabal.
Factionary
Fac"tion*a*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. factionnaire, L. factionarius the head
of a company of charioteers.] Belonging to a faction; being a
partisan; taking sides. [Obs.]
Always factionary on the party of your general. Shak.
Factioner
Fac"tion*er (-?r), n. One of a faction. Abp. Bancroft.
Factionist
Fac"tion*ist, n. One who promotes faction.
Factious
Fac"tious (?). a. [L. factiosus: cf. F. factieux.]
1. Given to faction; addicted to form parties and raise dissensions,
in opposition to government or the common good; turbulent; seditious;
prone to clamor against public measures or men; -- said of persons.
Factious for the house of Lancaster. Shak.
2. Pertaining to faction; proceeding from faction; indicating, or
characterized by, faction; -- said of acts or expressions; as,
factious quarrels.
Headlong zeal or factious fury. Burke.
-- Fac"tious*ly, adv. -- Fac"tious-ness, n.
Factitious
Fac*ti"tious (?), a. [L. factitius, fr. facere to make. See Fact, and
cf. Fetich.] Made by art, in distinction from what is produced by
nature; artificial; sham; formed by, or adapted to, an artificial or
conventional, in distinction from a natural, standard or rule; not
natural; as, factitious cinnabar or jewels; a factitious taste. --
Fac-ti"tious*ly, adv. -- Fac*ti"tious-ness, n.
He acquires a factitious propensity, he forms an incorrigible
habit, of desultory reading. De Quincey.
Syn. -- Unnatural. -- Factitious, Unnatural. Anything is unnatural
when it departs in any way from its simple or normal state; it is
factitious when it is wrought out or wrought up by labor and effort,
as, a factitious excitement. An unnatural demand for any article of
merchandise is one which exceeds the ordinary rate of consumption; a
factitious demand is one created by active exertions for the purpose.
An unnatural alarm is one greater than the occasion requires; a
factitious alarm is one wrought up with care and effort.
Factitive
Fac"ti*tive (?). a. [See Fact.]
1. Causing; causative.
2. (Gram.) Pertaining to that relation which is proper when the act,
as of a transitive verb, is not merely received by an object, but
produces some change in the object, as when we say, He made the water
wine.
Sometimes the idea of activity in a verb or adjective involves in
it a reference to an effect, in the way of causality, in the active
voice on the immediate objects, and in the passive voice on the
subject of such activity. This second object is called the
factitive object. J. W. Gibbs.
Factive
Fac"tive (?), a. Making; having power to make. [Obs.] "You are . . .
factive, not destructive." Bacon.
Facto
Fac"to (?), adv. [L., ablative of factum deed, fact.] (Law) In fact;
by the act or fact. De facto. (Law) See De facto.
Factor
Fac"tor (?), n. [L. factor a doer: cf. F. facteur a factor. See Fact.]
1. (Law) One who transacts business for another; an agent; a
substitute; especially, a mercantile agent who buys and sells goods
and transacts business for others in commission; a commission merchant
or consignee. He may be a home factor or a foreign factor. He may buy
and sell in his own name, and he is intrusted with the possession and
control of the goods; and in these respects he differs from a broker.
Story. Wharton.
My factor sends me word, a merchant's fled That owes me for a
hundred tun of wine. Marlowe.
2. A steward or bailiff of an estate. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
3. (Math.) One of the elements or quantities which, when multiplied
together, from a product.
4. One of the elements, circumstances, or influences which contribute
to produce a result; a constituent.
The materal and dynamical factors of nutrition. H. Spencer.
Factor
Fac"tor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Factored (-t?rd); p. pr. & vb. n.
Factoring.] (Mach.) To resolve (a quantity) into its factors.
Factorage
Fac"tor*age (?), n. [Cf. F. factorage.] The allowance given to a
factor, as a compensation for his services; -- called also a
commission.
Factoress
Fac"tor*ess (?), n. A factor who is a woman. [R.]
Factorial
Fac*to"ri*al (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to a factory. Buchanan.
2. (Math.) Related to factorials.
Factorial
Fac*to"ri*al, n. (Math.) (a) pl. A name given to the factors of a
continued product when the former are derivable from one and the same
function F(x) by successively imparting a constant increment or
decrement h to the independent variable. Thus the product F(x).F(x +
h).F(x + 2h) . . . F[x + (n-1)h] is called a factorial term, and its
several factors take the name of factorials. Brande & C. (b) The
product of the consecutive numbers from unity up to any given number.
Factoring
Fac"tor*ing (?), n. (Math.) The act of resolving into factors.
Factorize
Fac"tor*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Factorized (-?zd); p. pr. & vb.
n. Factorizing (-?"z?ng).] (Law) (a) To give warning to; -- said of a
person in whose hands the effects of another are attached, the warning
being to the effect that he shall not pay the money or deliver the
property of the defendant in his hands to him, but appear and answer
the suit of the plaintiff. (b) To attach (the effects of a debtor) in
the hands of a third person ; to garnish. See Garnish. [Vt. & Conn.]
Factorship
Fac"tor*ship, n. The business of a factor.
Factory
Fac"to*ry (?), n.; pl. Factories (-r. [Cf. F. factorerie.]
1. A house or place where factors, or commercial agents, reside, to
transact business for their employers. "The Company's factory at
Madras." Burke.
2. The body of factors in any place; as, a chaplain to a British
factory. W. Guthrie.
3. A building, or collection of buildings, appropriated to the
manufacture of goods; the place where workmen are employed in
fabricating goods, wares, or utensils; a manufactory; as, a cotton
factory.
Factory leg (Med.), a variety of bandy leg, associated with partial
dislocation of the tibia, produced in young children by working in
factories.
Factotum
Fac*to"tum (?), n.; pl. Factotums (-t. [L., do everything; facere to
do + totus all : cf. F. factotum. See Fact, and Total.] A person
employed to do all kinds of work or business. B. Jonson.
Factual
Fac"tu*al (?), a. Relating to, or containing, facts. [R.]
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Factum
Fac"tum (?), n.; pl. Facta (#). [L. See Fact.]
1. (Law) A man's own act and deed; particularly: (a) (Civil Law)
Anything stated and made certain. (b) (Testamentary Law) The due
execution of a will, including everything necessary to its validity.
2. (Mach.) The product. See Facient, 2.
Facture
Fac"ture (?), n. [F. facture a making, invoice, L. factura a making.
See Fact.]
1. The act or manner of making or doing anything; -- now used of a
literary, musical, or pictorial production. Bacon.
2. (Com.) An invoice or bill of parcels.
Facul\'91
Fac"u*l\'91 (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of facula a little torch.] (Astron.)
Groups of small shining spots on the surface of the sun which are
brighter than the other parts of the photosphere. They are generally
seen in the neighborhood of the dark spots, and are supposed to be
elevated portions of the photosphere. Newcomb.
Facular
Fac"u*lar (?) a. (Astron.) Of or pertaining to the facul\'91. R. A.
Proctor.
Faculty
Fac"ul*ty (?), n.; pl. Faculties (#). [F. facult, L. facultas, fr.
facilis easy (cf. facul easily), fr. fecere to make. See Fact, and cf.
Facility.]
1. Ability to act or perform, whether inborn or cultivated; capacity
for any natural function; especially, an original mental power or
capacity for any of the well-known classes of mental activity;
psychical or soul capacity; capacity for any of the leading kinds of
soul activity, as knowledge, feeling, volition; intellectual endowment
or gift; power; as, faculties of the mind or the soul.
But know that in the soul Are many lesser faculties that serve
Reason as chief. Milton.
What a piece of work is a man ! how noble in reason ! how infinite
in faculty ! Shak.
2. Special mental endowment; characteristic knack.
He had a ready faculty, indeed, of escaping from any topic that
agitated his too sensitive and nervous temperament. Hawthorne.
3. Power; prerogative or attribute of office. [R.]
This Duncan Hath borne his faculties so meek. Shak.
4. Privilege or permission, granted by favor or indulgence, to do a
particular thing; authority; license; dispensation.
The pope . . . granted him a faculty to set him free from his
promise. Fuller.
It had not only faculty to inspect all bishops' dioceses, but to
change what laws and statutes they should think fit to alter among
the colleges. Evelyn.
5. A body of a men to whom any specific right or privilege is granted;
formerly, the graduates in any of the four departments of a university
or college (Philosophy, Law, Medicine, or Theology), to whom was
granted the right of teaching (profitendi or docendi) in the
department in which they had studied; at present, the members of a
profession itself; as, the medical faculty; the legal faculty, ect.
6. (Amer. Colleges) The body of person to whom are intrusted the
government and instruction of a college or university, or of one of
its departments; the president, professors, and tutors in a college.
Dean of faculty. See under Dean. -- Faculty of advocates. (Scot.) See
under Advocate. Syn. -- Talent; gift; endowment; dexterity;
expertness; cleverness; readiness; ability; knack.
Facund
Fac"und (?), a. [L. facundus, fr. fari to speak.] Eloquent. [Archaic]
Facundious
Fa*cun"di*ous (?), a. [L. facundiosus.] Eloquement; full of words.
[Archaic]
Facundity
Fa*cun"di*ty (?), n. [L. facunditas.] Eloquence; readiness of speech.
[Archaic]
Fad
Fad (?), n. [Cf. Faddle.] A hobby ; freak; whim. -- Fad"dist, n.
It is your favorite fad to draw plans. G. Eliot.
Faddle
Fad"dle (?), v. i. [Cf. Fiddle, Fiddle-faddle.] To trifle; to toy. --
v. t. To fondle; to dandle. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Fade
Fade (?) a. [F., prob. fr. L. vapidus vapid, or possibly fr,fatuus
foolish, insipid.] Weak; insipid; tasteless; commonplace. [R.]
"Passages that are somewhat fade." Jeffrey.
His masculine taste gave him a sense of something fade and
ludicrous. De Quincey.
Fade
Fade (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Faded; p. pr. & vb. n. Fading.] [OE.
faden, vaden, prob. fr. fade, a.; cf. Prov. D. vadden to fade, wither,
vaddigh languid, torpid. Cf. Fade, a., Vade.]
1. To become fade; to grow weak; to lose strength; to decay; to perish
gradually; to wither, as a plant.
The earth mourneth and fadeth away. Is. xxiv. 4.
2. To lose freshness, color, or brightness; to become faint in hue or
tint; hence, to be wanting in color. "Flowers that never fade."
Milton.
3. To sink away; to disappear gradually; to grow dim; to vanish.
The stars shall fade away. Addison
He makes a swanlike end, Fading in music. Shak.
Fade
Fade, v. t. To cause to wither; to deprive of freshness or vigor; to
wear away.
No winter could his laurels fade. Dryden.
Faded
Fad"ed (?), a. That has lost freshness, color, or brightness; grown
dim. "His faded cheek." Milton.
Where the faded moon Made a dim silver twilight. Keats.
Fadedly
Fad"ed*ly, adv. In a faded manner.
A dull room fadedly furnished. Dickens.
Fadeless
Fade"less, a. Not liable to fade; unfading.
Fader
Fa"der (?), n. Father. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fadge
Fadge (?), v. i. [Cf. OE. faden to flatter, and AS. f to join, unit,
G. f\'81gen, or AS. \'bef\'91gian to depict; all perh. form the same
root as E. fair. Cf. Fair, a., Fay to fit.] To fit; to suit; to agree.
They shall be made, spite of antipathy, to fadge together. Milton.
Well, Sir, how fadges the new design ? Wycherley.
Fadge
Fadge (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A small flat loaf or thick cake;
also, a fagot. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Fading
Fad"ing (?), a. Losing freshness, color, brightness, or vigor. -- n.
Loss of color, freshness, or vigor. -- Fad"ing*ly, adv. --
Fad"ing*ness, n.
Fading
Fad"ing, n. An Irish dance; also, the burden of a song. "Fading is a
fine jig." [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Fadme
Fad"me (?), n. A fathom. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fady
Fad"y (?), a. Faded. [R.] Shenstone.
F\'91cal
F\'91"cal (?), a. See Fecal.
F\'91ces
F\'91"ces (?), n.pl. [L. faex, pl. faeces, dregs.] Excrement; ordure;
also, settlings; sediment after infusion or distillation. [Written
also feces.]
F\'91cula
F\'91c"u*la (?), n. [L.] See Fecula.
Fa\'89ry
Fa"\'89r*y (?), n. & a. Fairy. [Archaic] Spenser.
Faffle
Faf"fle (?), v. i. [Cf. Famble, Maffle.] To stammer. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Fag
Fag (?) n. A knot or coarse part in cloth. [Obs.]
Fag
Fag, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fagging (?).]
[Cf. LG. fakk wearied, weary, vaak slumber, drowsiness, OFries. fai,
equiv. to f\'bech devoted to death, OS. f, OHG. feigi, G. feig, feige,
cowardly, Icel. feigr fated to die, AS. f, Scot. faik, to fail, stop,
lower the price; or perh. the same word as E. flag to droop.]
1. To become weary; to tire.
Creighton withheld his force till the Italian began to fag. G.
Mackenzie.
2. To labor to wearness; to work hard; to drudge.
Read, fag, and subdue this chapter. Coleridge.
3. To act as a fag, or perform menial services or drudgery, for
another, as in some English schools.
To fag out, to become untwisted or frayed, as the end of a rope, or
the edge of canvas.
Fag
Fag, v. t.
1. To tire by labor; to exhaust; as, he was almost fagged out.
2. Anything that fatigues. [R.]
It is such a fag, I came back tired to death. Miss Austen.
Brain fag. (Med.) See Cerebropathy.
Fagend
Fag"*end" (?), n.
1. An end of poorer quality, or in a spoiled condition, as the coarser
end of a web of cloth, the untwisted end of a rope, ect.
2. The refuse or meaner part of anything.
The fag-end of business. Collier.
Fagging
Fag"ging (?), n. Laborious drudgery; esp., the acting as a drudge for
another at an English school.
Fagot
Fag"ot (?) n. [F., prob. aug. of L. fax, facis, torch, perh. orig., a
bundle of sticks; cf. Gr. Fagotto.]
1. A bundle of sticks, twigs, or small branches of trees, used for
fuel, for raising batteries, filling ditches, or other purposes in
fortification; a fascine. Shak.
2. A bundle of pieces of wrought iron to be worked over into bars or
other shapes by rolling or hammering at a welding heat; a pile.
3. (Mus.) A bassoon. See Fagotto.
4. A person hired to take the place of another at the muster of a
company. [Eng.] Addison.
5. An old shriveled woman. [Slang, Eng.]
Fagot iron, iron, in bars or masses, manufactured from fagots. --
Fagot vote, the vote of a person who has been constituted a voter by
being made a landholder, for party purposes. [Political cant, Eng.]
Fagot
Fag"ot (?) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fagoted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fagoting.] To
make a fagot of; to bind together in a fagot or bundle; also, to
collect promiscuously. Dryden.
Fagotto
Fa*got"to (?), n. [It. See Fagot.] (Mus.) The bassoon; -- so called
from being divided into parts for ease of carriage, making, as it
were, a small fagot.
Faham
Fa"ham (?), n. The leaves of an orchid (Angraecum fragrans), of the
islands of Bourbon and Mauritius, used (in France) as a substitute for
Chinese tea.
Fahlband
Fahl"band` (?), n. [G., fr. fahl dun-colored + band a band.] (Mining)
A stratum in crystalline rock, containing metallic sulphides. Raymond.
Fahlerz, Fahlband
Fahl"erz (?), Fahl"band (?), n. [G. fahlerz; fahl dun-colored, fallow
+ erz ore.] (Min.) Same as Tetrahedrite.
Fahlunite
Fah"lun*ite (?), n. [From Falhun, a place in Sweden.] (Min.) A
hydration of iolite.
Fahrenheit
Fah"ren*heit (?) a. [G.] Conforming to the scale used by Gabriel
Daniel Fahrenheit in the graduation of his thermometer; of or relating
to Fahrenheit's thermometric scale. -- n. The Fahrenheit termometer or
scale.
NOTE: &hand; Th e Fa hrenheit th ermometer is so graduated that the
freezing point of water is at 32 degrees above the zero of its
scale, and the boiling point at 212 degrees above. It is commonly
used in the United States and in England.
Fa\'8bence
Fa`\'8b*ence" (?), n. [F., fr. Faenza, a town in Italy, the original
place of manufacture.] Glazed earthenware; esp., that which is
decorated in color.
Fail
Fail (?) v. i. [imp. & p. p. Failed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Failing.] [F.
failir, fr. L. fallere, falsum, to deceive, akin to E. fall. See Fail,
and cf. Fallacy, False, Fault.]
1. To be wanting; to fall short; to be or become deficient in any
measure or degree up to total absence; to cease to be furnished in the
usual or expected manner, or to be altogether cut off from supply; to
be lacking; as, streams fail; crops fail.
As the waters fail from the sea. Job xiv. 11.
Till Lionel's issue fails, his should not reign. Shak.
2. To be affected with want; to come short; to lack; to be deficient
or unprovided; -- used with of.
If ever they fail of beauty, this failure is not be attributed to
their size. Berke.
3. To fall away; to become diminished; to decline; to decay; to sink.
When earnestly they seek Such proof, conclude they then begin to
fail. Milton.
4. To deteriorate in respect to vigor, activity, resources, etc.; to
become weaker; as, a sick man fails.
5. To perish; to die; -- used of a person. [Obs.]
Had the king in his last sickness failed. Shak.
6. To be found wanting with respect to an action or a duty to be
performed, a result to be secured, etc.; to miss; not to fulfill
expectation.
Take heed now that ye fail not to do this. Ezra iv. 22.
Either my eyesight fails, or thou look'st pale. Shak.
7. To come short of a result or object aimed at or desired ; to be
baffled or frusrated.
Our envious foe hath failed. Milton.
8. To err in judgment; to be mistaken.
Which ofttimes may succeed, so as perhaps Shall grieve him, if I
fail not. Milton.
9. To become unable to meet one's engagements; especially, to be
unable to pay one's debts or discharge one's business obligation; to
become bankrupt or insolvent.
Fail
Fail (?), v. t.
1. To be wanting to ; to be insufficient for; to disappoint; to
desert.
There shall not fail thee a man on the throne. 1 Kings ii. 4.
2. To miss of attaining; to lose. [R.]
Though that seat of earthly bliss be failed. Milton.
Fail
Fail, n. [OF. faille, from failir. See Fail, v. i.]
1. Miscarriage; failure; deficiency; fault; -- mostly superseded by
failure or failing, except in the phrase without fail. "His highness'
fail of issue." Shak.
2. Death; decease. [Obs.] Shak.
Failance
Fail"ance (?), n. [Of. faillance, fr. faillir.] Fault; failure;
omission. [Obs.] Bp. Fell.
Failing
Fail"ing, n.
1. A failing short; a becoming deficient; failure; deficiency;
imperfection; weakness; lapse; fault; infirmity; as, a mental failing.
And ever in her mind she cas about For that unnoticed failing in
herself. Tennyson.
2. The act of becoming insolvent of bankrupt. Syn. -- See Fault.
Faille
Faille (?), n. [F.] A soft silk, heavier than a foulard and not
glossy.
Failure
Fail"ure (?), n. [From Fail.]
1. Cessation of supply, or total defect; a failing; deficiency; as,
failure of rain; failure of crops.
2. Omission; nonperformance; as, the failure to keep a promise.
3. Want of success; the state of having failed.
4. Decau, or defect from decay; deterioration; as, the failure of
memory or of sight.
5. A becoming insolvent; bankruptcy; suspension of payment; as,
failure in business.
6. A failing; a slight fault. [Obs.] Johnson.
Fain
Fain (?), a. [OE. fain, fagen, AS. f\'91gen; akin to OS. fagan, Icel.
faginn glad; AS. f\'91gnian to rejoice, OS. fagan&omac;n, Icel. fagna,
Goth. fagin&omac;n, cf. Goth. fah&emac;ds joy; and fr. the same root
as E. fair. Srr Fair, a., and cf. Fawn to court favor.]
1. Well-pleased; glad; apt; wont; fond; inclined.
Men and birds are fain of climbing high. Shak.
To a busy man, temptation is fainto climb up together with his
business. Jer. Taylor.
2. Satisfied; contented; also, constrained. Shak.
The learned Castalio was fain to make trechers at Basle to keep
himself from starving. Locke.
Fain
Fain, adv. With joy; gladly; -- with wold.
He would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine
did eat. Luke xv. 16.
Fain Would I woo her, yet I dare not. Shak.
Fain
Fain, v. t. & i. To be glad ; to wish or desire. [Obs.]
Whoso fair thing does fain to see. Spencer.
Fain\'82ant
Fai`n\'82`ant" (?), a. [F.; fait he does + n\'82ant nothing.] Doing
nothing; shiftless. -- n. A do-nothing; an idle fellow; a sluggard.
Sir W. Scott.
Faint
Faint (?), a. [Compar. Fainter (-?r); superl. Faintest.] [OE. faint,
feint, false, faint, F. feint, p.p. of feindre to feign, suppose,
hesitate. See Faign, and cf. Feint.]
1. Lacking strength; weak; languid; inclined to swoon; as, faint with
fatigue, hunger, or thirst.
2. Wanting in courage, spirit, or energy; timorous; cowardly;
dejected; depressed; as, "Faint heart ne'er won fair lady." Old
Proverb.
3. Lacking distinctness; hardly perceptible; striking the senses
feebly; not bright, or loud, or sharp, or forcible; weak; as, a faint
color, or sound.
4. Performed, done, or acted, in a weak or feeble manner; not
exhibiting vigor, strength, or energy; slight; as, faint efforts;
faint resistance.
The faint prosecution of the war. Sir J. Davies.
Faint
Faint, n. The act of fainting, or the state of one who has fainted; a
swoon. [R.] See Fainting, n.
The saint, Who propped the Virgin in her faint. Sir W. Scott.
Faint
Faint, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fainted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fainting.]
1. To become weak or wanting in vigor; to grow feeble; to lose
strength and color, and the control of the bodily or mental functions;
to swoon; -- sometimes with away. See Fainting, n.
Hearing the honor intended her, she fainted away. Guardian.
If I send them away fasting . . . they will faint by the way. Mark
viii. 8.
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2. To sink into dejection; to lose courage or spirit; to become
depressed or despondent.
If thou faint in the day of adversity, thy strength is small. Prov.
xxiv. 10.
3. To decay; to disappear; to vanish.
Gilded clouds, while we gaze upon them, faint before the eye. Pope.
Faint
Faint (?), v. t. To cause to faint or become dispirited; to depress;
to weaken. [Obs.]
It faints me to think what follows. Shak.
Fainthearted
Faint"*heart`ed (?), a. Wanting in courage; depressed by fear; easily
discouraged or frightened; cowardly; timorous; dejected.
Fear not, neither be faint-hearted. Is. vii. 4.
-- Faint"*heart`ed*ly, adv. -- Faint"*heart`ed*ness, n.
Fainting
Faint"ing (?), n. Syncope, or loss of consciousness owing to a sudden
arrest of the blood supply to the brain, the face becoming pallid, the
respiration feeble, and the heat's beat weak. Fainting fit, a fainting
or swoon; syncope. [Colloq.]
Faintish
Faint"ish, a. Slightly faint; somewhat faint. -- Faint"ish*ness, n.
Faintling
Faint"ling (?), a. Timorous; feeble-minded. [Obs.] "A fainting, silly
creature." Arbuthnot.
Faintly
Faint"ly, adv. In a faint, weak, or timidmanner.
Faintness
Faint"ness, n.
1. The state of being faint; loss of strength, or of consciousness,
and self-control.
2. Want of vigor or energy. Spenser.
3. Feebleness, as of color or light; lack of distinctness; as,
faintness of description.
4. Faint-heartedness; timorousness; dejection.
I will send a faintness into their hearts. Lev. xxvi. 36.
Faints
Faints (?), n.pl. The impure spirit which comes over first and last in
the distillation of whisky; -- the former being called the strong
faints, and the latter, which is much more abundant, the weak faints.
This crude spirit is much impregnated with fusel oil. Ure.
Fainty
Faint"y (?), a. Feeble; languid. [R.] Dryden.
Fair
Fair (?), a. [Compar. Fairer (?); superl. Fairest.] [OE. fair, fayer,
fager, AS. f\'91ger; akin to OS. & OHG. fagar, Isel. fagr, Sw. fager,
Dan. faver, Goth. fagrs fit, also to E. fay, G. f\'81gen, to fit.
fegen to sweep, cleanse, and prob. also to E. fang, peace, pact, Cf.
Fang, Fain, Fay to fit.]
1. Free from spots, specks, dirt, or imperfection; unblemished; clean;
pure.
A fair white linen cloth. Book of Common Prayer.
2. Pleasing to the eye; handsome; beautiful.
Who can not see many a fair French city, for one fair French made.
Shak.
3. Without a dark hue; light; clear; as, a fair skin.
The northern people large and fair-complexioned. Sir M. Hale.
4. Not overcast; cloudless; clear; pleasant; propitious; favorable; --
said of the sky, weather, or wind, etc.; as, a fair sky; a fair day.
You wish fair winds may waft him over. Prior.
5. Free from obstacles or hindrances; unobstructed; unincumbered;
open; direct; -- said of a road, passage, etc.; as, a fair mark; in
fair sight; a fair view.
The caliphs obtained a mighty empire, which was in a fair way to
have enlarged. Sir W. Raleigh.
6. (Shipbuilding) Without sudden change of direction or curvature;
smooth; fowing; -- said of the figure of a vessel, and of surfaces,
water lines, and other lines.
7. Characterized by frankness, honesty, impartiality, or candor; open;
upright; free from suspicion or bias; equitable; just; -- said of
persons, character, or conduct; as, a fair man; fair dealing; a fair
statement. "I would call it fair play." Shak.
8. Pleasing; favorable; inspiring hope and confidence; -- said of
words, promises, etc.
When fair words and good counsel will not prevail on us, we must be
frighted into our duty. L' Estrange.
9. Distinct; legible; as, fair handwriting.
10. Free from any marked characteristic; average; middling; as, a fair
specimen.
The news is very fair and good, my lord. Shak.
Fair ball. (Baseball) (a) A ball passing over the home base at the
height called for by the batsman, and delivered by the pitcher while
wholly within the lines of his position and facing the batsman. (b) A
batted ball that falls inside the foul lines; -- called also a fair
hit. -- Fair maid. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European pilchard (Clupea
pilchardus) when dried. (b) The southern scup (Stenotomus Gardeni).
[Virginia] -- Fair one, a handsome woman; a beauty, -- Fair play,
equitable or impartial treatment; a fair or equal chance; justice. --
From fair to middling, passable; tolerable. [Colloq.] -- The fair sex,
the female sex. Syn. -- Candid; open; frank; ingenuous; clear; honest;
equitable; impartial; reasonable. See Candid.
Fair
Fair, adv. Clearly; openly; frankly; civilly; honestly; favorably;
auspiciously; agreeably. Fair and square, justly; honestly; equitably;
impartially. [Colloq.] -- To bid fair. See under Bid. -- To speak
fair, to address with courtesy and frankness. [Archaic]
Fair
Fair, n.
1. Fairness, beauty. [Obs.] Shak.
2. A fair woman; a sweetheart.
I have found out a gift for my fair. Shenstone.
3. Good fortune; good luck.
Now fair befall thee ! Shak.
The fair, anything beautiful; women, collectively. "For slander's mark
was ever yet the fair." Shak.
Fair
Fair, v. t.
1. To make fair or beautiful. [Obs.]
Fairing the foul. Shak.
2. (Shipbuilding) To make smooth and flowing, as a vessel's lines.
Fair
Fair, n. [OE. feire, OF. feire, F. foire, fr. L. fariae, pl., days of
rest, holidays, festivals, akin to festus festal. See Feast.]
1. A gathering of buyers and sellers, assembled at a particular place
with their merchandise at a stated or regular season, or by special
appointment, for trade.
2. A festival, and sale of fancy articles. erc., usually for some
charitable object; as, a Grand Army fair.
3. A competitive exhibition of wares, farm products, etc., not
primarily for purposes of sale; as, the Mechanics' fair; an
agricultural fair.
After the fair, Too late. [Colloq.]
Fair-haired
Fair"-haired` (?), a. Having fair or light-colored hair.
Fairhood
Fair"hood (?), n. Fairness; beauty. [Obs.] Foxe.
Fairily
Fair"i*ly (?), adv. In the manner of a fairy.
Numerous as shadows haunting fairily The brain. Keats.
Fairing
Fair"ing, n. A present; originally, one given or purchased at a fair.
Gay. Fairing box, a box receiving savings or small sums of money.
Hannah More.
Fairish
Fair"ish, a. Tolerably fair. [Colloq.] W. D. Howells.
Fair-leader
Fair"-lead`er (?), n. (Naut.) A block, or ring, serving as a guide for
the running rigging or for any rope.
Fairly
Fair"ly, adv.
1. In a fairmanner; clearly; openly; plainly; fully; distinctly;
frankly.
Even the nature of Mr. Dimmesdale's disease had never fairly been
revealed to him. Hawthorne.
2. Favorably; auspiciously; commodiously; as, a town fairly situated
for foreign traade.
3. Honestly; properly.
Such means of comfort or even luxury, as lay fairly within their
grasp. Hawthorne.
4. Softly; quietly; gently. [Obs.] Milton.
Fair-minded
Fair"-mind`ed (?), a. Unprejudiced; just; judicial; honest. --
Fair"*mind`ed*ness, n.
Fair-natured
Fair"-na`tured (?), a. Well-disposed. "A fair-natured prince." Ford.
Fairness
Fair"ness, n. The state of being fair, or free form spots or stains,
as of the skin; honesty, as of dealing; candor, as of an argument,
etc.
Faair-spoken
Faair"-spo`ken (?), a. Using fair speech, or uttered with fairness;
bland; civil; courteous; plausible. "A marvelous fair-spoken man."
Hooker.
Fairway
Fair"way` (?), n. The navigable part of a river, bay, etc., through
which vessels enter or depart; the part of a harbor or channel ehich
is kept open and unobstructed for the passage of vessels. Totten. <--
[2]. That part of a golf course between the tee and the green which is
of closely mowed grass, as contrasted to the rough. -->
Fair-weather
Fair"-weath`er (?), a.
1. Made or done in pleasant weather, or in circumstances involving but
little exposure or sacrifice; as, a fair-weather voyage. Pope.
2. Appearing only when times or circumstances are prosperous; as, a
fair-weather friend.
Fair-weather sailor, a make-believe or inexperienced sailor; -- the
nautical equivalent of carpet knight.
Fair-world
Fair"-world` (?) n. State of prosperity. [Obs.]
They think it was never fair-world with them since. Milton.
Fairy
Fair"y (?), n.; pl. Fairies (#). [OE. fairie, faierie, enchantment,
fairy folk, fairy, OF. faerie enchantment, F. f\'82er, fr. LL. Fata
one of the goddesses of fate. See Fate, and cf. Fay a fairy.] [Written
also fa\'89ry.]
1. Enchantment; illusion. [Obs.] Chaucer.
The God of her has made an end, And fro this worlde's fairy Hath
taken her into company. Gower.
2. The country of the fays; land of illusions. [Obs.]
He [Arthur] is a king y-crowned in Fairy. Lydgate.
3. An imaginary supernatural being or spirit, supposed to assume a
human form (usually diminutive), either male or female, and to meddle
for good or evil in the affairs of mankind; a fay. See Elf, and Demon.
The fourth kind of spirit [is] called the Fairy. K. James.
And now about the caldron sing, Like elves and fairies in a ring.
Shak.
5. An enchantress. [Obs.] Shak.
Fairy of the mine, an imaginary being supposed to inhabit mines, etc.
German folklore tells of two species; one fierce and malevolent, the
other gentle, See Kobold.
No goblin or swart fairy of the mine Hath hurtful power over true
virginity. Milton.
Fairy
Fair"y, a.
1. Of or pertaining to fairies.
2. Given by fairies; as, fairy money. Dryden.
Fairy bird (Zo\'94l.), the Euoropean little tern (Sterna minuta); --
called also sea swallow, and hooded tern. -- Fairy bluebird.
(Zo\'94l.) See under Bluebird. -- Fairy martin (Zo\'94l.), a European
swallow (Hirrundo ariel) that builds flask-shaped nests of mud on
overhanging cliffs. -- Fairy rings OR circles, the circles formed in
grassy lawns by certain fungi (as Marasmius Oreades), formerly
supposed to be caused by fairies in their midnight dances. -- Fairy
shrimp (Zo\'94l.), a European fresh-water phyllopod crustacean
(Chirocephalus diaphanus); -- so called from its delicate colors,
transparency, and graceful motions. The name is sometimes applied to
similar American species. -- Fairy stone (Paleon.), an echinite.
Fairyland
Fair"y*land` (?) n. The imaginary land or abode of fairies.
Fairylike
Fair"y*like` (?), a. Resembling a fairy, or what is made or done be
fairies; as, fairylike music.
Faith
Faith (?), n. [OE. feith, fayth, fay, OF. feid, feit, fei, F. foi, fr.
L. fides; akin to fidere to trust, Gr. th is perhaps due to the
influence of such words as truth, health, wealth. See Bid, Bide, and
cf. Confide, Defy, Fealty.]
1. Belief; the assent of the mind to the truth of what is declared by
another, resting solely and implicitly on his authority and veracity;
reliance on testimony.
2. The assent of the mind to the statement or proposition of another,
on the ground of the manifest truth of what he utters; firm and
earnest belief, on probable evidence of any kind, especially in regard
to important moral truth.
Faith, that is, fidelity, -- the fealty of the finite will and
understanding to the reason. Coleridge.
3. (Theol.) (a) The belief in the historic truthfulness of the
Scripture narrative, and the supernatural origin of its teachings,
sometimes called historical and speculative faith. (b) The belief in
the facts and truth of the Scriptures, with a practical love of them;
especially, that confiding and affectionate belief in the person and
work of Christ, which affects the character and life, and makes a man
a true Christian, -- called a practical, evangelical, or saving faith.
Without faith it is impossible to please him [God]. Heb. xi. 6.
The faith of the gospel is that emotion of the mind which is called
"trust" or "confidence" exercised toward the moral character of
God, and particularly of the Savior. Dr. T. Dwight.
Faith is an affectionate, practical confidence in the testimony of
God. J. Hawes.
4. That which is believed on any subject, whether in science,
politics, or religion; especially (Theol.), a system of religious
belief of any kind; as, the Jewish or Mohammedan faith; and
especially, the system of truth taught by Christ; as, the Christian
faith; also, the creed or belief of a Christian society or church.
Which to believe of her, Must be a faith that reason without
miracle Could never plant in me. Shak.
Now preacheth the faith which once he destroyed. Gal. i. 23.
5. Fidelity to one's promises, or allegiance to duty, or to a person
honored and beloved; loyalty.
Children in whom is no faith. Deut. xxvii. 20.
Whose failing, while her faith to me remains, I should conceal.
Milton.
6. Word or honor pledged; promise given; fidelity; as, he violated his
faith.
For you alone I broke me faith with injured Palamon. Dryden.
7. Credibility or truth. [R.]
The faith of the foregoing narrative. Mitford.
Act of faith. See Auto-da-f\'82. -- Breach of faith, Confession of
faith, etc. See under Breach, Confession, etc. -- Faith cure, a method
or practice of treating diseases by prayer and the exercise of faith
in God. -- In good faith, with perfect sincerity. <-- faith healing,
faith healer = faith cure. -->
Faith
Faith (?), interj. By my faith; in truth; verily.
Faithed
Faithed (?), a. Having faith or a faith; honest; sincere. [Obs.] "Make
thy words faithed." Shak.
Faithful
Faith"ful (?), a.
1. Full of faith, or having faith; disposed to believe, especially in
the declarations and promises of God.
You are not faithful, sir. B. Jonson.
2. Firm in adherence to promises, oaths, contracts, treaties, or other
engagements.
The faithful God, which keepeth covenant and mercy with them that
love him. Deut. vii. 9.
3. True and constant in affection or allegiance to a person to whom
one is bound by a vow, be ties of love, gratitude, or honor, as to a
husband, a prince, a friend; firm in the observance of duty; loyal; of
true fidelity; as, a faithful husband or servant.
So spake the seraph Abdiel, faithful found, Among the faithless,
faithful only he. Milton.
4. Worthy of confidence and belief; conformable to truth ot fact;
exact; accurate; as, a faithful narrative or representation.
It is a faithful saying. 2 Tim. ii. 11.
The Faithful, the adherents of any system of religious belief; esp.
used as an epithet of the followers of Mohammed. Syn. -- Trusty;
honest; upright; sincere; veracious; trustworthy. -- Faith"ful*ly,
adv. -Faith"ful*ness, n.
Faithless
Faith"less, a.
1. Not believing; not giving credit.
Be not faithless, but believing. John xx. 27.
2. Not believing on God or religion; specifically, not believing in
the Christian religion. Shak.
3. Not observant of promises or covenants.
4. Not true to allegiance, duty, or vows; perfidious; trecherous;
disloyal; not of true fidelity; inconstant, as a husband or a wife.
A most unnatural and faithless service. Shak.
5. Serving to disappoint or deceive; delusive; unsatisfying. "Yonder
faithless phantom." Goldsmith. -- Faith"less*ly, adv.Faith"less*ness,
n.
Faitour
Fai"tour (?), n. [OF. faitor a doer, L. factor. See Factor.] A doer or
actor; particularly, an evil doer; a scoundrel. [Obs.]
Lo! faitour, there thy meed unto thee take. Spenser.
Fake
Fake (?), n. [Cf. Scot. faik fold, stratum of stone, AS. f\'91c space,
interval, G. fach compartment, partition, row, and E. fay to fit.]
(Naut.) One of the circles or windings of a cable or hawser, as it
lies in a coil; a single turn or coil.
Fake
Fake, v. t. (Naut.) To coil (a rope, line, or hawser), by winding
alternately in opposite directions, in layers usually of zigzag or
figure of eight form,, to prevent twisting when running out. Faking
box, a box in which a long rope is faked; used in the life-saving
service for a line attached to a shot.
Fake
Fake, v. t. [Cf. Gael. faigh to get, acquire, reach, or OD. facken to
catch or gripe.] [Slang in all its senses.]
1. To cheat; to swindle; to steal; to rob.
2. To make; to construct; to do.
3. To manipulate fraudulently, so as to make an object appear better
or other than it really is; as, to fake a bulldog, by burning his
upper lip and thus artificially shortening it.
Fake
Fake, n. A trick; a swindle. [Slang]
Fakir
Fa"kir (?), n. [Ar. faq\'c6r poor.] An Oriental religious ascetic or
begging monk. [Written also faquir anf fakeer.]
Falanaka
Fa"la*na"ka (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A viverrine mammal of
Madagascar (Eupleres Goudotii), allied to the civet; -- called also
Falanouc.
Falcade
Fal*cade" (f&acr;l*k&amac;d"), n. [F., ultimately fr. L. falx, falcis,
a sickle or scythe.] (Man.) The action of a horse, when he throws
himself on his haunches two or three times, bending himself, as it
were, in very quick curvets. Harris.
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Page 539
Falcate, Falcated
Fal"cate (?), Fal"ca*ted (?), a. [L. falcatus, fr. falx, falcis, a
sickle or scythe.] Hooked or bent like a sickle; as, a falcate leaf; a
falcate claw; -- said also of the moon, or a planet, when horned or
crescent-formed.
Falcation
Fal*ca"tion (?), n. The state of being falcate; a bend in the form of
a sickle. Sir T. Browne.
Falcer
Fal"cer (?), n. [From L. falx, falcis, a sickle.] (Zo\'94l.) One of
the mandibles of a spider.
Falchion
Fal"chion (?), n. [OE. fauchon, OF. fauchon, LL. f\'84lcio, fr. L.
falx, falcis, a sickle, cf. Gr. falcon; cf. It. falcione. Cf.
Defalcation.]
1. A broad-bladed sword, slightly curved, shorter and lighter than the
ordinary sword; -- used in the Middle Ages.
2. A name given generally and poetically to a sword, especially to the
swords of Oriental and fabled warriors.
Falcidian
Fal*cid"i*an (?), a. [L. Falcidius.] Of or pertaining to Publius
Falcidius, a Roman tribune. Falcidian law (Civil Law), a law by which
a testator was obliged to leave at least a fourth of his estate to the
heir. Burrill.
Falciform
Fal"ci*form (?), a. [L. falx, falcis, a sickle + -form: cf. F.
falciforme.] Having the shape of a scithe or sickle; resembling a
reaping hook; as, the falciform ligatment of the liver.
Falcon
Fal"con (?), n. [OE. faucon, faucoun, OF. faucon, falcon, faucon, fr.
LL. falco, perh. from L. falx, falcis, a sickle or scythe, and named
from its curving talons. Cf. Falchion.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of a family (Falconid\'91) of raptorial birds,
characterized by a short, hooked beak, strong claws, and powerful
flight. (b) Any species of the genus Falco, distinguished by having a
toothlike lobe on the upper mandible; especially, one of this genus
trained to the pursuit of other birds, or game.
In the language of falconry, the female peregrine (Falco
peregrinus) is exclusively called the falcon. Yarrell.
2. (Gun.) An ancient form of cannon.
Chanting falcon. (Zo\'94l.) See under Chanting.
Falconer
Fal"con*er (?), n. [OE. fauconer, OF. falconier, fauconier, F.
fauconnier. See Falcon.] A person who breeds or trains hawks for
taking birds or game; one who follows the sport of fowling with hawks.
Johnson.
Falconet
Fal"co*net (?), n. [Dim. of falcon: cf. F. fauconneau, LL. falconeta,
properly, a young falcon.]
1. One of the smaller cannon used in the 15th century and later.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of several very small Asiatic falcons of the
genus Microhierax. (b) One of a group of Australian birds of the genus
Falcunculus, resembling shrikes and titmice.
Falcongentil
Fal"con*gen`til (?), n. [F. faucon-gentil. See Falcon, and Genteel.]
(Zo\'94l.) The female or young of the goshawk (Astur palumbarius).
Falconine
Fal"co*nine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like a falcon or hawk; belonging to the
Falconid\'91
Falconry
Fal"con*ry (?), n. [Cf. F. fauconnerie. See Falcon.]
1. The art of training falcons or hawks to pursue and attack wild fowl
or game.
2. The sport of taking wild fowl or game by means of falcons or hawks.
Falcula
Fal"cu*la (?), n. [L., a small sickle, a billhook.] (Zo\'94l.) A
curved and sharp-pointed claw.
Falculate
Fal"cu*late (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Curved and sharppointed, like a
falcula, or claw of a falcon.
Faldage
Fald"age (?), n. [LL. faldagium, fr. AS. fald, E. fold. Cf. Foldage.]
(O. Eng. Law) A privilege of setting up, and moving about, folds for
sheep, in any fields within manors, in order to manure them; -- often
reserved to himself by the lord of the manor. Spelman.
Faldfee
Fald"fee` (?), n. [AS. fald (E.fold) + E. fee. See Faldage.] (O. Eng.
Law) A fee or rent paid by a tenant for the privilege of faldage on
his own ground. Blount.
Falding
Fald"ing, n. A frieze or rough-napped cloth. [Obs.]
Faldistory
Fal"dis*to*ry (?), n. [LL. faldistorium, faldestorium, from OHG.
faldstuol; faldan, faltan, to fold (G. falten) + stuol stool. So
called because it could be folded or laid together. See Fold, and
Stool, and cf. Faldstool, Fauteuil.] The throne or seat of a bishop
within the chancel. [Obs.]
Faldstool
Fald"stool` (?), n. [See Faldistory.] A folding stool, or portable
seat, made to fold up in the manner of a camo stool. It was formerly
placed in the choir for a bishop, when he offciated in any but his own
cathedral church. Fairholt.
NOTE: &hand; In th e modern practice of the Church of England, the
term faldstool is given to the reading desk from which the litany
is read. This esage is a relic of the ancient use of a lectern
folding like a camp stool.
Falernian
Fa*ler"ni*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Mount Falernus, in Italy; as,
Falernianwine.
Falk
Falk (f&add;k), n. (Zo\'94l.) The razorbill. [Written also falc, and
faik.] [Prov. Eng.]
Fall
Fall (f&add;l), v. i. [imp. Fell (?); p. p. Fallen (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Falling.] [AS. feallan; akin to D. vallen, OS. & OHG. fallan, G.
fallen, Icel. Falla, Sw. falla, Dan. falde, Lith. pulti, L. fallere to
deceive, Gr. sfa`llein to cause to fall, Skr. sphal, sphul, to
tremble. Cf. Fail, Fell, v. t., to cause to fall.]
1. To Descend, either suddenly or gradually; particularly, to descend
by the force of gravity; to drop; to sink; as, the apple falls; the
tide falls; the mercury falls in the barometer.
I beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven. Luke x. 18.
2. To cease to be erect; to take suddenly a recumbent posture; to
become prostrate; to drop; as, a child totters and falls; a tree
falls; a worshiper falls on his knees.
I fell at his feet to worship him. Rev. xix. 10.
3. To find a final outlet; to discharge its waters; to empty; -- with
into; as, the river Rhone falls into the Mediterranean.
4. To become prostrate and dead; to die; especially, to die by
violence, as in battle.
A thousand shall fall at thy side. Ps. xci. 7.
He rushed into the field, and, foremost fighting, fell. Byron.
5. To cease to be active or strong; to die away; to lose strength; to
subside; to become less intense; as, the wind falls.
6. To issue forth into life; to be brought forth; -- said of the young
of certain animals. Shak.
7. To decline in power, glory, wealth, or importance; to become
insignificant; to lose rank or position; to decline in weight, value,
price etc.; to become less; as, the falls; stocks fell two points.
I am a poor falle man, unworthy now To be thy lord and master.
Shak.
The greatness of these Irish lords suddenly fell and vanished. Sir
J. Davies.
8. To be overthrown or captured; to be destroyed.
Heaven and earth will witness, If Rome must fall, that we are
innocent. Addison.
9. To descend in character or reputation; to become degraded; to sink
into vice, error, or sin; to depart from the faith; to apostatize; to
sin.
Let us labor therefore to enter into that rest, lest any man fall
after the same example of unbelief. Heb. iv. 11.
10. To become insnared or embarrassed; to be entrapped; to be worse
off than before; asm to fall into error; to fall into difficulties.
11. To assume a look of shame or disappointment; to become or appear
dejected; -- said of the countenance.
Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell. Gen. iv. 5.
I have observed of late thy looks are fallen. Addison.
12. To sink; to languish; to become feeble or faint; as, our spirits
rise and fall with our fortunes.
13. To pass somewha suddenly, and passively, into a new state of body
or mind; to become; as, to fall asleep; to fall into a passion; to
fall in love; to fall into temptation.
14. To happen; to to come to pass; to light; to befall; to issue; to
terminate.
The Romans fell on this model by chance. Swift.
Sit still, my daughter, until thou know how the matter will fall.
Ruth. iii. 18.
They do not make laws, they fall into customs. H. Spencer.
15. To come; to occur; to arrive.
The vernal equinox, which at the Nicene Council fell on the 21st of
March, falls now [1694] about ten days sooner. Holder.
16. To begin with haste, ardor, or vehemence; to rush or hurry; as,
they fell to blows.
They now no longer doubted, but fell to work heart and soul. Jowett
(Thucyd. ).
17. To pass or be transferred by chance, lot, distribution,
inheritance, or otherwise; as, the estate fell to his brother; the
kingdom fell into the hands of his rivals.
18. To belong or appertain.
If to her share some female errors fall, Look on her face, and
you'll forget them all. Pope.
19. To be dropped or uttered carelessly; as, an unguarded expression
fell from his lips; not a murmur fell from him.
To fall abroad of (Naut.), to strike against; -- applied to one vessel
coming into collision with another. -- To fall among, to come among
accidentally or unexpectedly. -- To fall astern (Naut.), to move or be
driven backward; to be left behind; as, a ship falls astern by the
force of a current, or when outsailed by another. -- To fall away. (a)
To lose flesh; to become lean or emaciated; to pine. (b) To renounce
or desert allegiance; to revolt or rebel. (c) To renounce or desert
the faith; to apostatize. "These . . . for a while believe, and in
time of temptation fall away." Luke viii. 13. (d) To perish; to
vanish; to be lost. "How . . . can the soul . . . fall away into
nothing?" Addison. (e) To decline gradually; to fade; to languish, or
become faint. "One color falls away by just degrees, and another rises
insensibly." Addison. -- To fall back. (a) To recede or retreat; to
give way. (b) To fail of performing a promise or purpose; not to
fulfill. -- To fall back upon. (a) (Mil.) To retreat for safety to (a
stronger position in the rear, as to a fort or a supporting body of
troops). (b) To have recourse to (a reserved fund, or some available
expedient or support). -- To fall calm, to cease to blow; to become
calm. -- To fall down. (a) To prostrate one's self in worship. "All
kings shall fall down before him." Ps. lxxii. 11. (b) To sink; to come
to the ground. "Down fell the beauteous youth." Dryden. (c) To bend or
bow, as a suppliant. (d) (Naut.) To sail or drift toward the mouth of
a river or other outlet. -- To fall flat, to produce no response or
result; to fail of the intended effect; as, his speech fell flat. --
To fall foul of. (a) (Naut.) To have a collision with; to become
entangled with (b) To attack; to make an assault upon. -- To fall
from, to recede or depart from; not to adhere to; as, to fall from an
agreement or engagement; to fall from allegiance or duty. -- To fall
from grace (M. E. Ch.), to sin; to withdraw from the faith. -- To fall
home (Ship Carp.), to curve inward; -- said of the timbers or upper
parts of a ship's side which are much within a perpendicular. -- To
fall in. (a) To sink inwards; as, the roof fell in. (b) (Mil.) To take
one's proper or assigned place in line; as, to fall in on the right.
(c) To come to an end; to terminate; to lapse; as, on the death of Mr.
B., the annuuity, which he had so long received, fell in. (d) To
become operative. "The reversion, to which he had been nominated
twenty years before, fell in." Macaulay. -- To fall into one's hands,
to pass, often suddenly or unexpectedly, into one's ownership or
control; as, to spike cannon when they are likely to fall into the
hands of the enemy. -- To fall in with. (a) To meet with accidentally;
as, to fall in with a friend. (b) (Naut.) To meet, as a ship; also, to
discover or come near, as land. (c) To concur with; to agree with; as,
the measure falls in with popular opinion. (d) To comply; to yield to.
"You will find it difficult to persuade learned men to fall in with
your projects." Addison. -- To fall off. (a) To drop; as, fruits fall
off when ripe. (b) To withdraw; to separate; to become detached; as,
friends fall off in adversity. "Love cools, friendship falls off,
brothers divide." Shak. (c) To perish; to die away; as, words fall off
by disuse. (d) To apostatize; to forsake; to withdraw from the faith,
or from allegiance or duty.
Those captive tribes . . . fell off From God to worship calves.
Milton.
(e) To forsake; to abandon; as, his customers fell off. (f) To
depreciate; to change for the worse; to deteriorate; to become less
valuable, abundant, or interesting; as, a falling off in the wheat
crop; the magazine or the review falls off. "O Hamlet, what a falling
off was there!" Shak. (g) (Naut.) To deviate or trend to the leeward
of the point to which the head of the ship was before directed; to
fall to leeward. -- To fall on. (a) To meet with; to light upon; as,
we have fallen on evil days. (b) To begin suddenly and eagerly. "Fall
on, and try the appetite to eat." Dryden. (c) To begin an attack; to
assault; to assail. "Fall on, fall on, and hear him not." Dryden. (d)
To drop on; to descend on. -- To fall out. (a) To quarrel; to begin to
contend.
A soul exasperated in ills falls out With everything, its friend,
itself. Addison.
(b) To happen; to befall; to chance. "There fell out a bloody quarrel
betwixt the frogs and the mice." L'Estrange. (c) (Mil.) To leave the
ranks, as a soldier. -- To fall over. (a) To revolt; to desert from
one side to another. (b) To fall beyond. Shak. -- To fall short, to be
deficient; as, the corn falls short; they all fall short in duty. --
To fall through, to come to nothing; to fail; as, the engageent has
fallen through. -- To fall to, to begin. "Fall to, with eager joy, on
homely food." Dryden. -- To fall under. (a) To come under, or within
the limits of; to be subjected to; as, they fell under the
jurisdiction of the emperor. (b) To come under; to become the subject
of; as, this point did not fall under the cognizance or deliberations
of the court; these things do not fall under human sight or
observation. (c) To come within; to be ranged or reckoned with; to be
subordinate to in the way of classification; as, these substances fall
under a different class or order. -- To fall upon. (a) To attack. [See
To fall on.] (b) To attempt; to have recourse to. "I do not intend to
fall upon nice disquisitions." Holder. (c) To rush against.
NOTE: &hand; Fa ll primarily denotes descending motion, either in a
perpendicular or inclined direction, and, in most of its
applications, implies, literally or figuratively, velocity, haste,
suddenness, or violence. Its use is so various, and so mush
diversified by modifying words, that it is not easy to enumerate
its senses in all its applications.
Fall
Fall (?), v. t.
1. To let fall; to drop. [Obs.]
For every tear he falls, a Trojan bleeds. Shak.
2. To sink; to depress; as, to fall the voice. [Obs.]
3. To diminish; to lessen or lower. [Obs.]
Upon lessening interest to four per cent, you fall the price of
your native commodities. Locke.
4. To bring forth; as, to fall lambs. [R.] Shak.
5. To fell; to cut down; as, to fall a tree. [Prov. Eng. & Local,
U.S.]
Fall
Fall, n.
1. The act of falling; a dropping or descending be the force of
gravity; descent; as, a fall from a horse, or from the yard of ship.
2. The act of dropping or tumbling from an erect posture; as, he was
walking on ice, and had a fall.
3. Death; destruction; overthrow; ruin.
They thy fall conspire. Denham.
Pride goeth before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall.
Prov. xvi. 18.
4. Downfall; degradation; loss of greatness or office; termination of
greatness, power, or dominion; ruin; overthrow; as, the fall of the
Roman empire.
Beholds thee glorious only in thy fall. Pope.
5. The surrender of a besieged fortress or town ; as, the fall of
Sebastopol.
6. Diminution or decrease in price or value; depreciation; as, the
fall of prices; the fall of rents.
7. A sinking of tone; cadence; as, the fall of the voice at the close
of a sentence.
8. Declivity; the descent of land or a hill; a slope.
9. Descent of water; a cascade; a cataract; a rush of water down a
precipice or steep; -- usually in the plural, sometimes in the
singular; as, the falls of Niagara.
10. The discharge of a river or current of water into the ocean, or
into a lake or pond; as, the fall of the Po into the Gulf of Venice.
Addison.
11. Extent of descent; the distance which anything falls; as, the
water of a stream has a fall of five feet.
12. The season when leaves fall from trees; autumn.
What crowds of patients the town doctor kills, Or how, last fall,
he raised the weekly bills. Dryden.
13. That which falls; a falling; as, a fall of rain; a heavy fall of
snow.
14. The act of felling or cutting down. "The fall of timber." Johnson.
15. Lapse or declinsion from innocence or goodness. Specifically: The
first apostasy; the act of our first parents in eating the forbidden
fruit; also, the apostasy of the rebellious angels.
16. Formerly, a kind of ruff or band for the neck; a falling band; a
faule. B. Jonson.
17. That part (as one of the ropes) of a tackle to which the power is
applied in hoisting.
Fall herring (Zo\'94l.), a herring of the Atlantic (Clupea mediocris);
-- also called tailor herring, and hickory shad. -- To try a fall, to
try a bout at wrestling. Shak.
Fallacious
Fal*la"cious (?), a. [L. fallaciosus, fr. fallacia: cf. F. fallacieux.
See Fallacy.] Embodying or pertaining to a fallacy; illogical; fitted
to deceive; misleading; delusive; as, fallacious arguments or
reasoning. -- Fal*la"cious*ly, adv. -Fal*la"cious*ness, n.
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Fallacy
Fal"la*cy (?), n.; pl. Fallacies (#). [OE. fallace, fallas, deception,
F. fallace, fr. L. fallacia, fr. fallax deceitful, deceptive, fr.
fallere to deceive. See Fail.]
1. Deceptive or false appearance; deceitfulness; that which misleads
the eye or the mind; deception.
Winning by conquest what the first man lost, By fallacy surprised.
Milton.
2. (Logic) An argument, or apparent argument, which professes to be
decisive of the matter at issue, while in reality it is not; a
sophism. Syn. -- Deception; deceit; mistake. -- Fallacy, Sophistry. A
fallacy is an argument which professes to be decisive, but in reality
is not; sophistry is also false reasoning, but of so specious and
subtle a kind as to render it difficult to expose its fallacy. Many
fallacies are obvious, but the evil of sophistry lies in its
consummate art. "Men are apt to suffer their minds to be misled by
fallacies which gratify their passions. Many persons have obscured and
confounded the nature of things by their wretched sophistry; though an
act be never so sinful, they will strip it of its guilt." South.
Fallals
Fal"*lals` (?), n.pl. Gay ornaments; frippery; gewgaws. [Colloq.]
Thackeray.
Fallax
Fal"lax (?), n. [L. fallax deceptive. See Fallacy.] Cavillation; a
caviling. [Obs.] Cranmer.
Fallen
Fall"en (?), a. Dropped; prostrate; degraded; ruined; decreased; dead.
Some ruined temple or fallen monument. Rogers.
Fallency
Fal"len*cy (?), n. [LL. fallentia, L. fallens p.pr of fallere.] An
exception. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Faller
Fall"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, falls.
2. (Mach.) A part which acts by falling, as a stamp in a fulling mill,
or the device in a spinning machine to arrest motion when a thread
breaks.
Fallfish
Fall"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A fresh-water fish of the United States
(Semotilus bullaris); -- called also silver chub, and Shiner. The name
is also applied to other allied species.
Fallibility
Fal`li*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state of being fallible; liability to
deceive or to be deceived; as, the fallibity of an argument or of an
adviser.
Fallible
Fal"li*ble (?), a. [LL. fallibilis, fr. L. fallere to deceive: cf. F.
faillible. See Fail.] Liable to fail, mistake, or err; liable to
deceive or to be deceived; as, all men are fallible; our opinions and
hopes are fallible.
Fallibly
Fal"li*bly, adv. In a fallible manner.
Falling
Fall"ing (?), a. & n. from Fall, v. i. Falling away, Falling off, etc.
See To fall away, To fall off, etc., under Fall, v. i. -- Falling
band, the plain, broad, linen collar turning down over the doublet,
worn in the early part of the 17th century. -- Falling sickness
(Med.), epilepsy. Shak. -- Falling star. (Astron.) See Shooting star.
-- Falling stone, a stone falling through the atmosphere; a meteorite;
an a\'89rolite. -- Falling tide, the ebb tide. -- Falling weather, a
rainy season. [Colloq.] Bartlett.
Fallopian
Fal*lo"pi*an (?), a. [From Fallopius, or Fallopio, a physician of
Modena, who died in 1562.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, or discovered by,
Fallopius; as, the Fallopian tubes or oviducts, the ducts or canals
which conduct the ova from the ovaries to the uterus.
Fallow
Fal"low (?), a. [AS. fealu, fealo, pale yellow or red; akin to D. vaal
fallow, faded, OHG. falo, G. falb, fahl, Icel. f\'94lr, and prob. to
Lith. palvas, OSlav. plavpallidus pale, pallere to be pale, Gr.
palita. Cf. Pale, Favel, a., Favor.]
1. Pale red or pale yellow; as, a fallow deer or greyhound. Shak.
2. [Cf. Fallow, n.] Left untilled or unsowed after plowing;
uncultivated; as, fallow ground.
Fallow chat, Fallow finch (Zo\'94l.), a small European bird, the
wheatear (Saxicola \'91nanthe). See Wheatear.
Fallow
Fal"low, n. [So called from the fallow, or somewhat yellow, color of
naked ground; or perh. akin to E. felly, n., cf. MHG. valgen to plow
up, OHG. felga felly, harrow.]
1. Plowed land. [Obs.]
Who . . . pricketh his blind horse over the fallows. Chaucer.
2. Land that has lain a year or more untilled or unseeded; land plowed
without being sowed for the season.
The plowing of fallows is a benefit to land. Mortimer.
3. The plowing or tilling of land, without sowing it for a season; as,
summer fallow, properly conducted, has ever been found a sure method
of destroying weeds.
Be a complete summer fallow, land is rendered tender and mellow.
The fallow gives it a better tilth than can be given by a fallow
crop. Sinclair.
Fallow crop, the crop taken from a green fallow. [Eng.] -- Green
fallow, fallow whereby land is rendered mellow and clean from weeds,
by cultivating some green crop, as turnips, potatoes, etc. [Eng.]
Fallow
Fal"low (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fallowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fallowing.] [From Fallow, n.] To plow, harrow, and break up, as land,
without seeding, for the purpose of destroying weeds and insects, and
rendering it mellow; as, it is profitable to fallow cold, strong,
clayey land.
Fallow deer
Fal"low deer` (?). [So called from its fallow or pale yellow color.]
(Zo\'94l.) A European species of deer (Cervus dama), much smaller than
the red deer. In summer both sexes are spotted with white. It is
common in England, where it is often domesticated in the parks.
Fallowist
Fal"low*ist (?), n. One who favors the practice of fallowing land.
[R.] Sinclair.
Fallowness
Fal"low*ness, n. A well or opening, through the successive floors of a
warehouse or manufactory, through which goods are raised or lowered.
[U.S.] Bartlett.
Falsary
Fal"sa*ry (?), n. [L. falsarius, fr. falsus. See False, a.] A
falsifier of evidence. [Obs.] Sheldon.
False
False (?), a. [Compar. Falser (?); superl. Falsest.] [L. falsus, p.p.
of fallere to deceive; cf. OF. faus, fals, F. faux, and AS. fals
fraud. See Fail, Fall.]
1. Uttering falsehood; unveracious; given to deceit; dishnest; as, a
false witness.
2. Not faithful or loyal, as to obligations, allegiance, vows, etc.;
untrue; treacherous; perfidious; as, a false friend, lover, or
subject; false to promises.
I to myself was false, ere thou to me. Milton.
3. Not according with truth or reality; not true; fitted or likely to
deceive or disappoint; as, a false statement.
4. Not genuine or real; assumed or designed to deceive; counterfeit;
hypocritical; as, false tears; false modesty; false colors; false
jewelry.
False face must hide what the false heart doth know. Shak.
5. Not well founded; not firm or trustworthy; erroneous; as, a false
claim; a false conclusion; a false construction in grammar.
Whose false foundation waves have swept away. Spenser.
6. Not essential or permanent, as parts of a structure which are
temporary or supplemental.
7. (Mus.) Not in tune.
False arch (Arch.), a member having the appearance of an arch, though
not of arch construction. -- False attic, an architectural erection
above the main cornice, concealing a roof, but not having windows or
inclosing rooms. -- False bearing, any bearing which is not directly
upon a vertical support; thus, the weight carried by a corbel has a
false bearing. -- False cadence, an imperfect or interrupted cadence.
-- False conception (Med.), an abnormal conception in which a mole, or
misshapen fleshy mass, is produced instead of a properly organized
fetus. -- False croup (Med.), a spasmodic affection of the larynx
attended with the symptoms of membranous croup, but unassociated with
the deposit of a fibrinous membrane. -- False door OR window (Arch.),
the representation of a door or window, inserted to complete a series
of doors or windows or to give symmetry. -- False fire, a combustible
carried by vessels of war, chiefly for signaling, but sometimes burned
for the purpose of deceiving an enemy; also, a light on shore for
decoying a vessel to destruction. -- False galena. See Blende. --
False imprisonment (Law), the arrest and imprisonment of a person
without warrant or cause, or contrary to law; or the unlawful
detaining of a person in custody. -- False keel (Naut.), the timber
below the main keel, used to serve both as a protection and to
increase the shio's lateral resistance. -- False key, a picklock. --
False leg. (Zo\'94l.) See Proleg. -- False membrane (Med.), the
fibrinous deposit formed in croup and diphtheria, and resembling in
appearance an animal membrane. -- False papers (Naut.), documents
carried by a ship giving false representations respecting her cargo,
destination, ect., for the purpose of deceiving. -- False passage
(Surg.), an unnatural passage leading off from a natural canal, such
as the urethra, and produced usually by the unskillful introduction of
instruments. -- False personation (Law), the intentional false
assumption of the name and personality of another. -- False pretenses
(Law), false representations concerning past or present facts and
events, for the purpose of defrauding another. -- False rail (Naut.),
a thin piece of timber placed on top of the head rail to strengthen
it. -- False relation (Mus.), a progression in harmony, in which a
certain note in a chord appears in the next chord prefixed by a flat
or sharp. -- False return (Law), an untrue return made to a process by
the officer to whom it was delivered for execution. -- False ribs
(Anat.), the asternal rebs, of which there are five pairs in man. --
False roof (Arch.), the space between the upper ceiling and the roof.
Oxford Gloss. -- False token, a false mark or other symbol, used for
fraudulent purposes. -- False scorpion (Zo\'94l.), any arachnid of the
genus Chelifer. See Book scorpion. -- False tack (Naut.), a coming up
into the wind and filling away again on the same tack. -- False
vampire (Zo\'94l.), the Vampyrus spectrum of South America, formerly
erroneously supposed to have blood-sucking habits; -- called also
vampire, and ghost vampire. The genuine blood-sucking bats belong to
the genera Desmodus and Diphylla. See Vampire. -- False window.
(Arch.) See False door, above. -- False wing. (Zo\'94l.) See Alula,
and Bastard wing, under Bastard. -- False works (Civil Engin.),
construction works to facilitate the erection of the main work, as
scaffolding, bridge centering, etc.
False
False, adv. Not truly; not honestly; falsely. "You play me false."
Shak.
False
False, v. t. [L. falsare to falsify, fr. falsus: cf. F. fausser. See
False, a.]
1. To report falsely; to falsify. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. To betray; to falsify. [Obs.]
[He] hath his truthe falsed in this wise. Chaucer.
3. To mislead by want of truth; to deceive. [Obs.]
In his falsed fancy. Spenser.
4. To feign; to pretend to make. [Obs.] "And falsed oft his blows."
Spenser.
False-faced
False"-faced` (?), a. Hypocritical. Shak.
False-heart
False"-heart` (?), a. False-hearted. Shak.
False-hearted
False"-heart`ed, a. Hollow or unsound at the core; treacherous;
deceitful; perfidious. Bacon. -- False"*heart`ed*ness, n. Bp.
Stillingfleet.
Falsehood
False"hood (?), n. [False + -hood]
1. Want of truth or accuracy; an untrue assertion or representation;
error; misrepresentation; falsity.
Though it be a lie in the clock, it is but a falsehood in the hand
of the dial when pointing at a wrong hour, if rightly following the
direction of the wheel which moveth it. Fuller.
2. A deliberate intentional assertion of what is known to be untrue; a
departure from moral integrity; a lie.
3. Treachery; deceit; perfidy; unfaithfulness.
Betrayed by falsehood of his guard. Shak.
4. A counterfeit; a false appearance; an imposture.
For his molten image is falsehood. Jer. x. 14.
No falsehood can endure Touch of celestial temper. Milton.
Syn. -- Falsity; lie; untruth; fiction; fabrication. See Falsity.
Falsely
False"ly (?), adv. In a false manner; erroneously; not truly;
perfidiously or treacherously. "O falsely, falsely murdered." Shak.
Oppositions of science, falsely so called. 1 Tim. vi. 20.
Will ye steal, murder . . . and swear falsely ? Jer. vii. 9.
Falseness
False"ness, n. The state of being false; contrariety to the fact;
inaccuracy; want of integrity or uprightness; double dealing;
unfaithfulness; treachery; perfidy; as, the falseness of a report, a
drawing, or a singer's notes; the falseness of a man, or of his word.
Falser
Fals"er (?), n. A deceiver. [Obs.] Spenser.
Falsetto
Fal*set"to (?), n.; pl. Falsettos (#). [It. falsetto, dim. fr. L.
falsus. See False.] A false or artificial voice; that voice in a man
which lies above his natural voice; the male counter tenor or alto
voice. See Head voice, under Voice.
Falsicrimen
Fal"si*cri"men (?). [L.] (Civ. Law) The crime of falsifying.
NOTE: &hand; Th is term in the Roman law included not only forgery,
but every species of fraud and deceit. It never has been used in so
extensive a sense in modern common law, in which its predominant
significance is forgery, though it also includes perjury and
offenses of a like character.
Burrill. Greenleaf.
Falsifiable
Fal"si*fi`a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF. falsifiable.] Capable of being
falsified, counterfeited, or corrupted. Johnson.
Falsification
Fal`si*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. falsification.]
1. The act of falsifying, or making false; a counterfeiting; the
giving to a thing an appearance of something which it is not.
To counterfeit the living image of king in his person exceedeth all
falsifications. Bacon.
2. Willful misstatement or misrepresentation.
Extreme necessity . . . forced him upon this bold and violent
falsification of the doctrine of the alliance. Bp. Warburton.
3. (Equity) The showing an item of charge in an account to be wrong.
Story.
Falsificator
Fal"si*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [Cf. F. falsificateur.] A falsifier. Bp.
Morton.
Falsifier
Fal"si*fi`er (?), n. One who falsifies, or gives to a thing a
deceptive appearance; a liar.
Falsify
Fal"si*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Falsified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Falsifying.] [L. falsus false + -ly: cf. F. falsifier. See False, a.]
1. To make false; to represent falsely.
The Irish bards use to forge and falsify everything as they list,
to please or displease any man. Spenser.
2. To counterfeit; to forge; as, to falsify coin.
3. To prove to be false, or untrustworthy; to confute; to disprove; to
nullify; to make to appear false.
By how much better than my word I am, By so much shall I falsify
men's hope. Shak.
Jews and Pagans united all their endeavors, under Julian the
apostate, to baffie and falsify the prediction. Addison.
4. To violate; to break by falsehood; as, to falsify one's faith or
word. Sir P. Sidney.
5. To baffie or escape; as, to falsify a blow. Bulter.
6. (Law) To avoid or defeat; to prove false, as a judgment.
Blackstone.
7. (Equity) To show, in accounting, (an inem of charge inserted in an
account) to be wrong. Story. Daniell.
8. To make false by multilation or addition; to tamper with; as, to
falsify a record or document.
Falsify
Fal"si*fy, v. i. To tell lies; to violate the truth.
It is absolutely and universally unlawful to lie and falsify.
South.
Falsism
Fals"ism (?), n. That which is evidently false; an assertion or
statement the falsity of which is plainly apparent; -- opposed to
truism.
Falsity
Fal"si*ty (?), n.;pl. Falsities (#). [L. falsitas: cf. F.
fausset\'82, OF. also, falsit\'82. See False, a.]
1. The quality of being false; coutrariety or want of conformity to
truth.
Probability does not make any alteration, either in the truth or
falsity of things. South.
2. That which is false; falsehood; a lie; a false assertion.
Men often swallow falsities for truths. Sir T. Brown.
Syn. -- Falsehood; lie; deceit. -- Falsity, Falsehood, Lie. Falsity
denotes the state or quality of being false. A falsehood is a false
declaration designedly made. A lie is a gross, unblushing
falsehood. The falsity of a person's assertion may be proved by the
evidence of others and thus the charge of falsehood be fastened
upon him.
Falter
Fal"ter (?), v. t. To thrash in the chaff; also, to cleanse or
sift, as barley. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Falter
Fal"ter, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Faltered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Faltering.] [OE. falteren, faltren, prob. from fault. See Fault, v.
& n.]
1. To hesitate; to speak brokenly or weakly; to stammer; as, his
tongue falters.
With faltering speech and visage incomposed. Milton.
2. To tremble; to totter; to be unsteady. "He found his legs
falter." Wiseman.
3. To hesitate in purpose or action.
Ere her native king Shall falter under foul rebellion's arms. Shak.
4. To fail in distinctness or regularity of exercise; -- said of
the mind or of thought.
Here indeed the power of disinct conception of space and distance
falters. I. Taylor.
Falter
Fal"ter, v. t. To utter with hesitation, or in a broken, trembling,
or weak manner.
And here he faltered forth his last farewell. Byron.
Mde me most happy, faltering "I am thine." Tennyson.
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Falter
Fal"ter (?), n. [See Falter, v. i.] Hesitation; trembling;
feebleness; an uncertain or broken sound; as, a slight falter in
her voice.
The falter of an idle shepherd's pipe. Lowell.
Faltering
Fal"ter*ing, a. Hesitating; trembling. "With faltering speech."
Milton. -- n. Falter; halting; hesitation. -- Fal"ter*ing*ly, adv.
Faluns
Fa`luns" (?), n. [F.] (Geol.) A series of strata, of the Middle
Tertiary period, of France, abounding in shells, and used by Lyell
as the type of his Miocene subdivision.
Falwe
Fal"we (?), a. & n. Fallow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Falx
Falx (?), n. [L., a sickle.] (Anat.) A curved fold or process of
the dura mater or the peritoneum; esp., one of the partitionlike
folds of the dura mater which extend into the great fissures of the
brain.
Famble
Fam"ble (?), v. i. [OE. falmelen; cf. SW. famla to grope, Dan.
famle to grope, falter, hesitate, Isel. f\'belma to grope. Cf.
Famble.] To stammer. [Obs.] Nares.
Famble
Fam"ble, n. [Cf. Famble, v.] A hand [Slang & Obs.] "We clap our
fambles." Beau. & Fl.
Fame
Fame (?), n. [OF. fame, L. fama, fr. fari to speak, akin to Gr.
Ban, and cf. Fable, Fate, Euphony, Blame.]
1. Public report or rumor.
The fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh's house. Gen. xlv. 16.
2. Report or opinion generally diffused; renown; public estimation;
celebrity, either favorable or unfavorable; as, the fame of
Washington.
I find thou art no less than fame hath bruited. Shak.
Syn. -- Notoriety; celebrity; renown; reputation.
Fame
Fame, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Famed (?),; p. pr. & vb. n. Faming.]
1. To report widely or honorably.
The field where thou art famed To have wrought such wonders.
Milton.
2. To make famous or renowned.
Those Hesperian gardens famed of old. Milton.
Fameless
Fame"less, a. Without fame or renown. -- Fame"less*ly, adv.
Familiar
Fa*mil`iar (?), a. [OE. familer, familier, F. familier, fr. L.
familiaris, fr. familia family. See Family.]
1. Of or pertaining to a family; domestic. "Familiar feuds." Byron.
2. Closely acquainted or intimate, as a friend or companion; well
versed in, as any subject of study; as, familiar with the
Scriptures.
3. Characterized by, or exhibiting, the manner of an intimate
friend; not formal; unconstrained; easy; accessible. "In loose,
familiar strains." Addison.
Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar. Shak.
4. Well known; well understood; common; frequent; as, a familiar
illustration.
That war, or peace, or both at once, may be As things acquainted
and familiar to us. Shak.
There is nothing more familiar than this. Locke.
5. Improperly acquainted; wrongly intimate. Camden.
Familiar spirit
, a demon or evil spirit supposed to attend at call. 1 Sam. xxviii. 3,
7-9.
Familiar
Fa*mil"iar, n.
1. An intimate; a companion.
All my familiars watched for my halting. Jer. xx. 10.
2. An attendant demon or evil spirit. Shak.
3. (Court of Inquisition) A confidential officer employed in the
service of the tribunal, especially in apprehending and imprisoning
the accused.
Familiarity
Fa*mil`iar"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Familiarities (#). [OE. familarite, F.
familiarit\'82fr. L. faniliaritas. See Familiar.]
1. The state of being familiar; intimate and frequent converse, or
association; unconstrained intercourse; freedom from ceremony and
constraint; intimacy; as, to live in remarkable familiarity.
2. Anything said or done by one person to another unceremoniously and
without constraint; esp., in the pl., such actions and words as
propriety and courtesy do not warrant; liberties. Syn. --
Acquaintance; fellowship; affability; intimacy. See Acquaintance.
Familiarization
Fa*mil`iar*i*za"tion (?), n. The act or process of making familiar;
the result of becoming familiar; as, familiarization with scenes of
blood.
Familiarize
Fa*mil"iar*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Familiarized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Familiarizing (?).] [Cf. F. familiariser.]
1. To make familiar or intimate; to habituate; to accustom; to make
well known by practice or converse; as, to familiarize one's self with
scenes of distress.
2. To make acquainted, or skilled, by practice or study; as, to
familiarize one's self with a business, a book, or a science.
Familiarly
Fa"mil"iar*ly, adv. In a familiar manner.
Familiarness
Fa*mil"iar*ness, n. Familiarity. [R.]
Familiary
Fa*mil"ia*ry (?), a. [L. familiaris. See Familiar.] Of or pertaining
to a family or household; domestic. [Obs.] Milton.
Familism
Fam"i*lism (?), n. The tenets of the Familists. Milton.
Familist
Fam"i*list (?), n. [From Family.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of afanatical
Antinomian sect originating in Holland, and existing in England about
1580, called the Family of Love, who held that religion consists
wholly in love.
Familistery
Fam"i*lis*ter*y (?), n.; pl. Familisteries (. [F. familist\'8are.] A
community in which many persons unite as in one family, and are
regulated by certain communistic laws and customs.
Familistic, Familistical
Fam`i*listic (?), Fam`i*lis"tic*al (?), a. Pertaining to Familists.
Baxter.
Family
Fam"i*ly (?), n.; pl. Families (#). [L. familia, fr. famulus servant;
akin to Oscan famel servant, cf. faamat he dwells, Skr. dh\'beman
house, fr. dh\'beto set, make, do: cf. F. famille. Cf. Do, v. t.,
Doom, Fact, Feat.]
1. The collective body of persons who live in one house, and under one
head or manager; a household, including parents, children, and
servants, and, as the case may be, lodgers or boarders.
2. The group comprising a husband and wife and their dependent
children, constituting a fundamental unit in the organization of
society.
The welfare of the family underlies the welfare of society. H.
Spencer.
3. Those who descend from one common progenitor; a tribe, clan, or
race; kindred; house; as, the human family; the family of Abraham; the
father of a family.
Go ! and pretennd your family is young. Pope.
4. Course of descent; genealogy; line of ancestors; lineage.
5. Honorable descent; noble or respectable stock; as, a man of family.
6. A groupe of kindred or closely related individuals; as, a family of
languages; a family of States; the chlorine family.
7. (Biol.) A groupe of organisms, either animal or vegetable, related
by certain points of resemblance in structure or development, more
comprehensive than a genus, because it is usually based on fewer or
less pronounced points of likeness. In zo\'94logy a family is less
comprehesive than an order; in botany it is often considered the same
thing as an order.
Family circle. See under Circle. -- Family man. (a) A man who has a
family; esp., one who has a wife and children living with him andd
dependent upon him. (b) A man of domestic habits. "The Jews are
generally, when married, most exemplary family men." Mayhew. -- Family
of curves OR surfaces (Geom.), a group of curves or surfaces derived
from a single equation. -- In a family way, like one belonging to the
family. "Why don't we ask him and his ladies to come over in a family
way, and dine with some other plain country gentlefolks?" Thackeray.
-- In the family way, pregnant. [Colloq.]
Famine
Fam"ine (?), n. [F. famine, fr. L. fames hunger; cf. Gr. h\'beni loss,
lack, h\'be to leave.] General scarcity of food; dearth; a want of
provisions; destitution. "Worn with famine." Milton.
There was a famine in the land. Gen. xxvi. 1.
Famine fever (Med.), typhus fever.
Famish
Fam"ish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Famished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Famishing.] [OE. famen; cf. OF. afamer, L. fames. See Famine, and cf.
Affamish.]
1. To starve, kill, or destroy with hunger. Shak.
2. To exhaust the strength or endurance of, by hunger; to distress
with hanger.
And when all the land of Egypt was famished, the people cried to
Pharaoh for bread. Cen. xli. 55.
The pains of famished Tantalus he'll feel. Dryden.
3. To kill, or to cause to suffer extremity, by deprivation or denial
of anything necessary.
And famish him of breath, if not of bread. Milton.
4. To force or constrain by famine.
He had famished Paris into a surrender. Burke.
Famish
Fam"ish, v. i.
1. To die of hunger; to starve.
2. To suffer extreme hunger or thirst, so as to be exhausted in
strength, or to come near to perish.
You are all resolved rather to die than to famish? Shak.
3. To suffer extremity from deprivation of anything essential or
necessary.
The Lord will not suffer the soul of the righteous to famish. Prov.
x. 3.
Famishment
Fam"ish*ment (?), n. State of being famished.
Famosity
Fa*mos"i*ty (?), n. [L. famositas infamy: cf. F. famosit\'82. See
Famous.] The state or quality of being famous. [Obs.] Johnson.
Famous
Fa"mous (?), a. [L. famosus, fr. fama fame: cf. F. fameux. See Fame.]
Celebrated in fame or public report; renowned; mach talked of;
distinguished in story; -- used in either a good or a bad sense,
chiefly the former; often followed by for; as, famous for erudition,
for eloquence, for military skill; a famous pirate.
Famous for a scolding tongue. Shak.
Syn. -- Noted; remarkable; signal; conspicuous; celebrated; renowned;
illustrious; eminent; transcendent; excellent. -- Famous, Renowned,
Illustrious. Famous is applied to a person or thing widely spoken of
as extraordinary; renowned is applied to those who are named again and
again with honor; illustrious, to those who have dazzled the world by
the splendor of their deeds or their virtues. See Distinguished.
Famoused
Fa"moused (?), a. Renowned. [Obs.] Shak.
Famously
Fa"mous*ly (?), adv. In a famous manner; in a distinguished degree;
greatly; splendidly.
Then this land was famously enriched With politic grave counsel.
Shak.
Famousness
Fa"mous*ness, n. The state of being famous.
Famular
Fam"u*lar (?), n. [Cf. L. famularis of servants.] Domestic; familiar.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Famulate
Fam"u*late (?), v. i. [L. famulatus, p.p. of famulari to serve, fr.
famulus servant.] To serve. [Obs.]
Famulist
Fam"u*list (?), n. [L. famulus servant.] A collegian of inferior rank
or position, corresponding to the sizar at Cambridge. [Oxford Univ.,
Eng.]
Fan
Fan (?), n. [AS. fann, fr. L. vannus fan, van for winnowing grain; cf.
F. van. Cf. Van a winnowing machine, Winnow.]
1. An instrument used for producing artificial currents of air, by the
wafting or revolving motion of a broad surface; as: (a) An instrument
for cooling the person, made of feathers, paper, silk, etc., and often
mounted on sticks all turning about the same pivot, so as when opened
to radiate from the center and assume the figure of a section of a
circle. (b) (Mach.) Any revolving vane or vanes used for producing
currents of air, in winnowing grain, blowing a fire, ventilation,
etc., or for checking rapid motion by the resistance of the air; a fan
blower; a fan wheel. (c) An instrument for winnowing grain, by moving
which the grain is tossed and agitated, and the chaff is separated and
blown away. (d) Something in the form of a fan when spread, as a
peacock's tail, a window, etc. (e) A small vane or sail, used to keep
the large sails of a smock windmill always in the direction of the
wind.
Clean provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with
the fan. Is. xxx. 24.
2. That which produces effects analogous to those of a fan, as in
exciting a flame, etc.; that which inflames, heightens, or
strengthens; as, it served as a fan to the flame of his passion.
3. A quintain; -- from its form. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fan blower, a wheel with vanes fixed on a rotating shaft inclosed in a
case or chamber, to create a blast of air (fan blast) for forge
purposes, or a current for draft and ventilation; a fanner. -- Fan
cricket (Zo\'94l.), a mole cricket. -- Fan light (Arch.), a window
over a door; -- so called from the semicircular form and radiating
sash bars of those windows which are set in the circular heads of
arched doorways. -- Fan shell (Zo\'94l.), any shell of the family
Pectinid\'91. See Scallop, n., 1. -- Fan tracery (Arch.), the
decorative tracery on the surface of fan vaulting. -- Fan vaulting
(Arch.), an elaborate system of vaulting, in which the ribs diverge
somewhat like the rays of a fan, as in Henry VII.'s chapel in
Westminster Abbey. It is peculiar to English Gothic. -- Fan wheel, the
wheel of a fan blower. -- Fan window. Same as Fan light (above).
Fan
Fan (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fanned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fanning (?).]
[Cf. OF. vanner, L. vannere. See Fan, n., Van a winnowing machine.]
1. To move as with a fan.
The air . . . fanned with unnumbered plumes. Milton.
2. To cool and refresh, by moving the air with a fan; to blow the air
on the face of with a fan.
3. To ventilate; to blow on; to affect by air put in motion.
Calm as the breath which fans our eastern groves. Dryden.
4. To winnow; to separate chaff from, and drive it away by a current
of air; as, to fan wheat. Jer. li. 2.
5. To excite or stir up to activity, as a fan axcites a flame; to
stimulate; as, this conduct fanned the excitement of the populace.
Fanning machine, OR Fanning mill, a machine for separating seed from
chaff, etc., by a blast of air; a fanner.
Fanal
Fa`nal" (?), n. [F.] A lighthouse, or the apparatus placed in it for
giving light.
Fanatic
Fa*nat"ic (?), a. [L. fanaticus inspired by divinity, enthusiastic,
frantic, fr. fanum fane: cf. F. fanatique. See Fane.] Pertaining to,
or indicating, fanaticism; extravagant in opinions; ultra;
unreasonable; excessively enthusiastic, especially on religious
subjects; as, fanatic zeal; fanatic notions.
But Faith, fanatic Faith, once wedded fast To some dear falsehood,
hugs it to the last. T. Moore.
Fanatic
Fa*nat"ic, n. A person affected by excessive enthusiasm, particularly
on religious subjects; one who indulges wild and extravagant notions
of religion.
There is a new word, coined within few months, called fanatics,
which, by the close stickling thereof, seemeth well cut out and
proportioned to signify what is meant thereby, even the sectaries
of our age. Fuller (1660).
Fanatics are governed rather by imagination than by judgment.
Stowe.
Fanatical
Fa*nat"ic*al (?), a. Characteristic of, or relating to, fanaticism;
fanatic. -Fa*nat"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Fa*nat"ic*al*ness, n.
Fanaticism
Fa*nat"i*cism (?), n. [Cf. Fanatism.] Excessive enthusiasm,
unreasoning zeal, or wild and extravagant notions, on any subject,
especially religion; religious frenzy.<-- and politics, terrorism -->
Syn. -- See Superstition.
Fanaticize
Fa*nat"i*cize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fanaticized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Fanaticizing (?).] To cause to become a fanatic.
Fanatism
Fan"a*tism (?), n. [Cf. F. fanatisme. Cf. Fanaticism.] Fanaticism.
[R.] Gibbon.
Fancied
Fan"cied (?), a. [From Fancy, v. t.] Formed or conceived by the fancy;
unreal; as, a fancied wrong.
Fancier
Fan"ci*er (?), n.
1. One who is governed by fancy. "Not reasoners, but fanciers."
Macaulay.
2. One who fancies or has a special liking for, or interest in, a
particular object or class or objects; hence, one who breeds and keeps
for sale birds and animals; as, bird fancier, dog fancier, etc.
Fanciful
Fan"ci*ful (?), a.
1. Full of fancy; guided by fancy, rather than by reason and
experience; whimsical; as, a fanciful man forms visionary projects.
2. Conceived in the fancy; not consistent with facts or reason;
abounding in ideal qualities or figures; as, a fanciful scheme; a
fanciful theory.
3. Curiously shaped or constructed; as, she wore a fanciful headdress.
Gather up all fancifullest shells. Keats.
Syn. -- Imaginative; ideal; visionary; capricious; chimerical;
whimsical; fantastical; wild. -- Fanciful, Fantastical, Visionary. We
speak of that as fanciful which is irregular in taste and judgment; we
speak of it as fantastical when it becomes grotesque and extravagant
as well as irregular; we speak of it as visionary when it is wholly
unfounded in the nature of things. Fanciful notions are the product of
a heated fancy, without any tems are made up of oddly assorted
fancies, aften of the most whimsical kind; visionary expectations are
those which can never be realized in fact. -- Fan"ci*ful*ly, adv.
-Fan"ci*ful*ness, n.
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Fanciless
Fan"*ci*less (?), a. Having no fancy; without ideas or imagination.
[R.]
A pert or bluff important wight, Whose brain is fanciless, whose
blood is white. Armstrong.
Fancy
Fan"cy (?), n.; pl. Fancies (#). [Contr. fr. fantasy, OF. fantasie,
fantaisie, F. fantaisie, L. phantasia, fr. Gr. bh\'beto shine. Cf.
Fantasy, Fantasia, Epiphany, Phantom.]
1. The faculty by which the mind forms an image or a representation of
anything perceived before; the power of combining and modifying such
objects into new pictures or images; the power of readily and happily
creating and recalling such objects for the purpose of amusement, wit,
or embellishment; imagination.
In the soul Are many lesser faculties, that serve Reason as chief.
Among these fancy next Her office holds. Milton.
2. An image or representation of anything formed in the mind;
conception; thought; idea; conceit.
How now, my lord ! why do you keep alone, Of sorriest fancies your
companoins making ? Shak.
3. An opinion or notion formed without much reflection; caprice; whim;
impression.
I have always had a fancy that learning might be made a play and
recreation to children. Locke.
4. Inclination; liking, formed by caprice rather than reason; as, to
strike one's fancy; hence, the object of inclination or liking.
To fit your fancies to your father's will. Shak.
5. That which pleases or entertains the taste or caprice without much
use or value.
London pride is a pretty fancy for borders. Mortimer.
6. A sort of love song or light impromptu ballad. [Obs.] Shak.
The fancy, all of a class who exhibit and cultivate any peculiar taste
or fancy; hence, especially, sporting characters taken collectively,
or any specific class of them, as jockeys, gamblers, prize fighters,
etc.
At a great book sale in London, which had congregated all the
fancy. De Quincey.
Syn. -- Imagination; conceit; taste; humor; inclination; whim; liking.
See Imagination.
Fancy
Fan"cy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fancied (?), p. pr. & vb. n. Fancying (.]
1. To figure to one's self; to believe or imagine something without
proof.
If our search has reached no farther than simile and metaphor, we
rather fancy than know. Locke.
2. To love. [Obs.] Shak.
Fancy
Fan"cy, v. t.
1. To form a conception of; to portray in the mind; to imagine.
He whom I fancy, but can ne'er express. Dryden.
2. To have a fancy for; to like; to be pleased with, particularly on
account of external appearance or manners. "We fancy not the
cardinal." Shak.
3. To believe without sufficient evidence; to imagine (something which
is unreal).
He fancied he was welcome, because those arounde him were his
kinsmen. Thackeray.
Fancy
Fan"cy, a.
1. Adapted to please the fancy or taste; ornamental; as, fancy goods.
2. Extravagant; above real value.
This anxiety never degenerated into a monomania, like that which
led his [Frederick the Great's] father to pay fancy prices for
giants. Macaulay.
Fancy ball, a ball in which porsons appear in fanciful dresses in
imitation of the costumes of different persons and nations. -- Fancy
fair, a fair at which articles of fancy and ornament are sold,
generally for some charitable purpose. -- Fancy goods, fabrics of
various colors, patterns, etc., as ribbons, silks, laces, etc., in
distinction from those of a simple or plain color or make. -- Fancy
line (Naut.), a line rove through a block at the jaws of a gaff; --
used to haul it down. Fancy roller (Carding Machine), a clothed
cylinder (usually having straight teeth) in front of the doffer. --
Fancy stocks, a species of stocks which afford great opportunity for
stock gambling, since they have no intrinsic value, and the
fluctuations in their prices are artificial. -- Fancy store, one where
articles of fancy and ornament are sold. -- Fancy woods, the more rare
and expensive furniture woods, as mahogany, satinwood, rosewood, etc.
Fancy-free
Fan"cy-free` (?), a. Free from the power of love. "In maiden
meditation, fancy-free." Shak.
Fancymonger
Fan"cy*mon`ger (?), n. A lovemonger; a whimsical lover. [Obs.] Shak.
Fancy-sick
Fan"cy-sick` (?), a. Love-sick. Shak.
Fancywork
Fan"cy*work` (?), n. Ornamental work with a needle or hook, as
embroidery, crocheting, netting, etc.
Fand
Fand (?), obs. imp. of Find. Spenser.
Fandango
Fan*dan"go (?), n.; pl. Fandangoes (#). [Sp. A name brought, together
with the dance, from the West Indies to Spain.]
1. A lively dance, in 3-8 or 6-8 time, much practiced in Spain and
Spanish America. Also, the tune to which it is danced.
2. A ball or general dance, as in Mexico. [Colloq.]
Fane
Fane (?), n. [L. fanum a place dedicated to some deity, a sanctuary,
fr. fari to speak. See Fame.] A temple; a place consecrated to
religion; a church. [Poet.]
Such to this British Isle, her Christian fanes. Wordsworth.
Fane
Fane, n. [See Vane.] A weathercock. [Obs.]
Fanega
Fa*ne"ga (?), n. [Sp.] A dry measure in Spain and Spanish America,
varying from 1 De Colange.
Fanfare
Fan"fare` (?), n. [F. Cf. Fanfaron.] A flourish of trumpets, as in
coming into the lists, etc.; also, a short and lively air performed on
hunting horns during the chase.
The fanfare announcing the arrival of the various Christian
princes. Sir W. Scott.
Fanfaron
Fan"fa*ron (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. fanfarron; cf. It. fanfano, and OSp.
fanfa swaggering, boasting, also Ar. farf\'ber talkative.] A bully; a
hector; a swaggerer; an empty boaster. [R.] Dryden.
Fanfaronade
Fan*far`on*ade" (?), n. [F. fanfaronnade, fr. Sp. fanfarronada. See
Fanfaron.] A swaggering; vain boasting; ostentation; a bluster. Swift.
Fanfoot
Fan"foot` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A species of gecko having the toes
expanded into large lobes for adhesion. The Egyptian fanfoot
(Phyodactylus gecko) is believed, by the natives, to have venomous
toes. (b) Any moth of the genus Polypogon.
Fang
Fang (?), v. t. [OE. fangen, fongen, fon (g orig. only in p.p. and
imp. tense), AS. f; akin to D. vangen, OHG. f\'behan, G. fahen,
fangen, Isel. f\'be, Sw. f, f, Dan. fange, faae, Goth. fahan, and
prob. to E. fair, peace, pact. Cf. Fair, a.]
1. To catch; to seize, as with the teeth; to lay hold of; to gripe; to
clutch. [Obs.] Shak.
He's in the law's clutches; you see he's fanged. J. Webster.
2. To enable to catch or tear; to furnish with fangs. "Chariots fanged
with scythes." Philips.
Fang
Fang, n. [From Fang, v. t.; cf. AS. fang a taking, booty, G. fang.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The tusk of an animal, by which the prey is seized and
held or torn; a long pointed tooth; esp., one of the usually erectile,
venomous teeth of serpents. Also, one of the falcers of a spider.
Since I am a dog, beware my fangs. Shak.
2. Any shoot or other thing by which hold is taken.
The protuberant fangs of the yucca. Evelyn.
3. (Anat.) The root, or one of the branches of the root, of a tooth.
See Tooth.
4. (Mining) A niche in the side of an adit or shaft, for an air
course. Knight.
5. (Mech.) A projecting tooth or prong, as in a part of a lock, or the
plate of a belt clamp, or the end of a tool, as a chisel, where it
enters the handle.
6. (Naut.) (a) The valve of a pump box. (b) A bend or loop of a rope.
In a fang, fast entangled. -- To lose the fang, said of a pump when
the water has gone out; hence: To fang a pump, to supply it with the
water necessary to make it operate. [Scot.]
Fanged
Fanged (?), a. Having fangs or tusks; as, a fanged adder. Also used
figuratively.
Fangle
Fan"gle (?), n. [From Fang, v. t.; hence, prop., a taking up a new
thing.] Something new-fashioned; a foolish innovation; a gewgaw; a
trifling ornament.
Fangle
Fan"gle, v. t. To fashion. [Obs.]
To control and new fangle the Scripture. Milton.
Fangled
Fan"gled (?), a. New made; hence, gaudy; showy; vainly decorated.
[Obs., except with the prefix new.] See Newfangled. "Our fangled
world." Shak.
Fangleness
Fan"gle*ness (?), n. Quality of being fangled. [Obs.]
He them in new fangleness did pass. Spenser.
Fangless
Fang"less (?), a. Destitute of fangs or tusks. "A fangless lion."
Shak.
Fangot
Fan"got (?), n. [Cf. It. fagotto, fangotto, a bundle. Cf. Fagot.] A
quantity of wares, as raw silk, etc., from one hundred weight.
Fanion
Fan"ion (?), n. [See Fanon.]
1. (Mil.) A small flag sometimes carried at the head of the baggage of
a brigade. [Obs.]
2. A small flag for marking the stations in surveying.
Fanlike
Fan"like` (?), a. Resembling a fan; -- specifically (Bot.), folded up
like a fan, as certain leaves; plicate.
Fannel
Fan"nel (?), n. [Dim., from same source as fanon.] Same as Fanon.
Fanner
Fan"ner (?), n.
1. One who fans. Jer. li. 2.
2. A fan wheel; a fan blower. See under Fan.
Fannerved
Fan"*nerved` (?), a. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Having the nerves or veins
arranged in a radiating manner; -- said of certain leaves, and of the
winfs of some insects.
Fanon
Fan"on (?), n. [F. fanon, LL. fano, fr. OHG. fano banner cloth, G.
fahne banner. See Vane, and cf. Fanion, Confalon.] (Eccl.) A term
applied to various articles, as: (a) A peculiar striped scarf worn by
the pope at mass, and by eastern bishops. (b) A maniple. [Written also
fannel, phanon, etc.]
Fan palm
Fan" palm` (?). (Bot.) Any palm tree having fan-shaped or radiate
leaves; as the Cham\'91rops humilis of Southern Europe; the species of
Sabal and Thrinax in the West Indies, Florida, etc.; and especially
the great talipot tree (Corypha umbraculifera) of Ceylon and Malaya.
The leaves of the latter are often eighteen feet long and fourteen
wide, and are used for umbrellas, tents, and roofs. When cut up, they
are used for books and manuscripts.
Fantail
Fan"tail` (?), n. (Zool.) (a) A variety of the domestic pigeon, so
called from the shape of the tail. (b) Any bird of the Australian
genus Rhipidura, in which the tail is spread in the form of a fan
during flight. They belong to the family of flycatchers.
Fan-tailed
Fan"-tailed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having an expanded, or fan-shaped,
tail; as, the fan-tailed pigeon.
Fantasia
Fan*ta"si*a (?), n. [It. See Fancy.] (Mus.) A continuous composition,
not divided into what are called movements, or governed by the
ordinary rules of musical design, but in which the author's fancy
roves unrestricted by set form.
Fantasied
Fan"ta*sied (?), a. [From Fantasy.] Filled with fancies or
imaginations. [Obs.] Shak.
Fantasm
Fan"tasm (?), n. [See Phantasm, Fancy.] Same as Phantasm.
Fantast
Fan"tast (?), n. One whose manners or ideas are fantastic. [R.]
Coleridge.
Fantastic
Fan*tas"tic (?), a. [F. fantastique, fr. Gr. Fancy.]
1. Existing only in imagination; fanciful; imaginary; not real;
chimerical.
2. Having the nature of a phantom; unreal. Shak.
3. Indulging the vagaries of imagination; whimsical; full of absurd
fancies; capricious; as, fantastic minds; a fantastic mistress.
4. Resembling fantasies in irregularity, caprice, or eccentricity;
irregular; oddly shaped; grotesque.
There at the foot of yonder nodding beech, That wreathes its old
fantastic roots so high. T. Gray.
Syn. -- Fanciful; imaginative; ideal; visionary; capricious;
chimerical; whimsical; queer. See Fanciful.
Fantastic
Fan*tas"tic, n. A person given to fantastic dress, manners, etc.; an
eccentric person; a fop. Milton.
Our fantastics, who, having a fine watch, take all ocasions to drow
it out to be seen. Fuller.
Fantastical
Fan*tas"tic*al (?), a. Fanciful; unreal; whimsical; capricious;
fantastic.
Fantasticality
Fan*tas`ti*cal"i*ty (?), n. Fantastically. [Obs.]
Fantastically
Fan*tas"tic*al*ly (?), adv. In a fantastic manner.
the letter A, in scarlet, fantastically embroidered with gold
thread, upon her bosom. Hawthorne.
Fantastic-alness
Fan*tas"tic-al*ness, n. The quality of being fantastic.
Fantasticism
Fan*tas"ti*cism (?), n. The quality of being fantastical;
fancifulness; whimsicality. Ruskin.
Fantasticly
Fan*tas"tic*ly (?), adv. Fantastically. [Obs.]
Fantasticness
Fan*tas"tic*ness, n. Fantasticalness. [Obs.]
Fantasticco
Fan*tas"tic*co (?), n. [It.] A fantastic. [Obs.] Shak.
Fantasy
Fan"ta*sy (?), n.; pl. Fantasies (#). [See Fancy.]
1. Fancy; imagination; especially, a whimsical or fanciful conception;
a vagary of the imagination; whim; caprice; humor.
Is not this something more than fantasy ? Shak.
A thousand fantasies Being to throng into my memory. Milton.
2. Fantastic designs.
Embroidered with fantasies and flourishes of gold thread.
Hawthorne.
Fantasy
Fan"ta*sy, v. t. To have a fancy for; to be pleased with; to like; to
fancy. [Obs.] Cavendish.
Which he doth most fantasy. Robynson (More's Utopia).
Fantoccini
Fan`toc*ci"ni (?), n. pl. [It., dim. fr. fante child.] Puppets caused
to perform evolutions or dramatic scenes by means of machinery; also,
the representations in which they are used.
Fantom
Fan"tom (?), n. See Phantom. Fantom corn, phantom corn. Grose.
Fap
Fap (?), a. Fuddled. [Obs.] Shak.
Faquir
Fa*quir" (?), n. See Fakir.
Far
Far (?), n. [See Farrow.] (Zo\'94l.) A young pig, or a litter of pigs.
Far
Far, a. [Farther (#) and Farthest (#) are used as the compar. and
superl. of far, although they are corruptions arising from confusion
with further and furthest. See Further.] [OE. fer, feor, AS. feor;
akin to OS. fer, D. ver, OHG. ferro, adv., G. fern, a., Icel. fjarri,
Dan. fjirn, Sw. fjerran, adv., Goth. fa\'c6rra, adv., Gr. paras, adv.,
far, and prob. to L. per through, and E. prefix for-, as in forgive,
and also to fare. CF. Farther, Farthest.]
1. Distant in any direction; not near; remote; mutually separated by a
wide space or extent.
They said, . . . We be come from a far country. Josh. ix. 6.
The nations far and near contend in choice. Dryden.
2. Remote from purpose; contrary to design or wishes; as, far be it
from me to justify cruelty.
3. Remote in affection or obedience; at a distance, morally or
spiritually; t enmity with; alienated.
They that are far from thee ahsll perish. Ps. lxxiii. 27.
4. Widely different in nature or quality; opposite in character.
He was far from ill looking, though he thought himself still
farther. F. Anstey.
5. The more distant of two; as, the far side (called also off side) of
a horse, that is, the right side, or the one opposite to the rider
when he mounts.
NOTE: &hand; Th e di stinction between the adjectival and adverbial
use of far is sometimes not easily discriminated.
By far, by much; by a great difference. -- Far between, with a long
distance (of space or time) between; at long intervals. "The
examinations are few and far between." Farrar.
Far
Far, adv.
1. To a great extent or distance of space; widely; as, we are
separated far from each other.
2. To a great distance in time from any point; remotely; as, he pushed
his researches far into antiquity.
3. In great part; as, the day is far spent.
4. In a great proportion; by many degrees; very much; deeply; greatly.
Who can find a virtuous woman ? for her price is far above rubies.
Prov. xxxi. 10.
As far as, to the extent, or degree, that. See As far as, under As. --
Far off. (a) At a great distance, absolutely or relatively. (b)
Distant in sympathy or affection; alienated. "But now, in Christ
Jesus, ye who some time were far off are made nigh by the blood of
Christ." Eph. ii. 13. -- Far other, different by a great degree; not
the same; quite unlike. Pope. -- Far and near, at a distance and close
by; throughout a whole region. -- Far and wide, distantly and broadly;
comprehensively. "Far and wide his eye commands." Milton. -- From far,
from a great distance; from a remote place.
NOTE: &hand; Far often occurs in self-explaining compounds, such as
far-extended, far-reaching, far-spread.
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Farabout
Far"*a*bout` (?), n. A going out of the way; a digression. [Obs.]
Fuller.
Farad
Far"ad (?), n. [From Michael Faraday, the English electrician.]
(Elec.) The standard unit of electrical capacity; the capacity of a
condenser whose charge, having an electro-motive force of one volt, is
equal to the amount of electricity which, with the same electromotive
force, passes through one ohm in one second; the capacity, which,
charged with one coulomb, gives an electro-motive force of one volt.
Faradic
Far*ad"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Michael Faraday, the
distinguished electrician; -- applied especially to induced currents
of electricity, as produced by certain forms of inductive apparatus,
on account of Faraday's investigations of their laws.
Faradism, Faradization
Far"a*dism (?), Far`a*di*za"tion (?), n. (Med.) The treatment with
faradic or induced currents of electricity for remedial purposes.
Farand
Far"and (?), n. See Farrand, n.
Farandams
Far"an*dams (?), n. A fabrik made of silk and wool or hair. Simmonds.
Farantly
Far"ant*ly (?), a. [See Farrand.] Orderly; comely; respectable. [Obs.]
Halliwell.
Farce
Farce (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Farced (?), p. pr. & vb. n. Farcing (.]
[F. Farcir, L. farcire; akin to Gr. Force to stuff, Diaphragm,
Frequent, Farcy, Farse.]
1. To stuff with forcemeat; hence, to fill with mingled ingredients;
to fill full; to stuff. [Obs.]
The first principles of religion should not be farced with school
points and private tenets. Bp. Sanderson.
His tippet was aye farsed full of knives. Chaucer.
2. To render fat. [Obs.]
If thou wouldst farce thy lean ribs. B. Jonson.
3. To swell out; to render pompous. [Obs.]
Farcing his letter with fustian. Sandys.
Farce
Farce, n. [F. farce, from L. farsus (also sometimes farctus), p.p. pf
farcire. See Farce, v. t.]
1. (Cookery) Stuffing, or mixture of viands, like that used on
dressing a fowl; forcemeat.
2. A low style of comedy; a dramatic composition marked by low humor,
generally written with little regard to regularity or method, and
abounding with ludicrous incidents and expressions.
Farce is that in poetry which "grotesque" is in a picture: the
persons and action of a farce are all unnatural, and the manners
false. Dryden.
3. Ridiculous or empty show; as, a mere farce. "The farce of state."
Pope.
Farcement
Farce"ment (?), n. Stuffing; forcemeat. [Obs.]
They spoil a good dish with . . . unsavory farcements. Feltham.
Farcical
Far"ci*cal (?), a. Pertaining to farce; appropriated to farce;
ludicrous; unnatural; unreal.
They deny the characters to be farcical, because they are Gay.
-- Far"ci*cal*ly, adv. -Far"ci*cal*ness, n.
Farcical
Far"ci*cal, a. Of or pertaining to the disease called farcy. See
Farcy, n.
Farcilite
Far"ci*lite (?), n. [Farce+-lite.] (Min.) Pudding stone. [Obs.]
Kirwan.
Farcimen, Farcin
Far"ci*men (?), Far"cin (?), n. (Far.) Same as Farcy.
Farcing
Far"cing (?), n. (Cookery) Stuffing; forcemeat.
Farctate
Farc"tate (?), a. [L. farctus, p.p. of farcire. See Farce, v. t.]
(Bot.) Stuffed; filled solid; as, a farctate leaf, stem, or pericarp;
-- opposed to tubular or hollow. [Obs.]
Farcy
Far"cy (?), n. [F. farcin; cf. L. farciminum a disease of horses, fr.
farcire. See Farce.] (Far.) A contagious disease of horses, associated
with painful ulcerating enlargements, esp. upon the head and limbs. It
is of the same nature as glanders, and is often fatal. Called also
farcin, and farcimen.
NOTE: &hand; Farcy, although more common in horses, is communicable
to other animals and to human beings.
Farcy bud, a hard, prominent swelling occurrinng upon the cutaneous
surface in farcy, due to the obstruction and inflammation of the
lymphatic vessels, and followed by ulceration. Youatt.
Fard
Fard (?), n. [F., prob. fr. OHG. gifarit, gifarwit p.p. of farwjan to
color, tinge, fr. farawa color, G. farbe.] Paint used on the face.
[Obs.] "Painted with French fard." J. Whitaker.
Fard
Fard, v. t. [F. farder to paint one's face.] To paint; -- said esp. of
one's face. [Obs.] Shenstone.
Fardage
Far`dage" (?), n. [F. See Fardel.] (Naut.) See Dunnage.
Fardel
Far"del (?), n. [OF. fardel, F. fardeau; cf. Sp. fardel, fardillo,
fardo, LL. fardellus; prob. fr. Ar. fard one of the two parts of an
object divisible into two, hence, one of the two parts of a camel's
load. Cf. Furl.] A bundle or little pack; hence, a burden. [Obs.]
Shak.
A fardel of never-ending misery and suspense. Marryat.
Fardel
Far"del, v. t. To make up in fardels. [Obs.] Fuller.
Farding-bag
Far"ding-bag` (?), n. [Of uncertain origin; cf. Fardel.] The upper
stomach of a cow, or other ruminant animal; the rumen.
Fardingdale
Far"ding*dale (?), n. A farthingale. [Obs.]
Fardingdeal
Far"ding*deal (?), n. [See Farthing, and Deal a part.] The fourth part
of an acre of land. [Obs.] [Written also farding dale, fardingale,
etc.]
Fare
Fare (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Faring.] [AS.
faran to travel, fare; akin to OS., Goth., & OHG. faran to travel, go,
D. varen, G. fahren, OFries., Isel., & Sw. fara, Dan. fare, Gr.
peritus experienced, portus port, Skr. par to bring over. &root;78. Cf
Chaffer, Emporium, Far, Ferry, Ford, Peril, Port a harbor, Pore, n.]
1. To go; to pass; to journey; to travel.
So on he fares, and to the border comes Of Eden. Milton.
2. To be in any state, or pass through any experience, good or bad; to
be attended with any circummstances or train of events, fortunate or
unfortunate; as, he fared well, or ill.
So fares the stag among the enraged hounds. Denham.
I bid you most heartily well to fare. Robynson (More's Utopia).
So fared the knight between two foes. Hudibras.
3. To be treated or entertained at table, or with bodily or social
comforts; to live.
There was a certain rich man wwhich . . . fared sumptuously every
day. Luke xvi. 19.
4. To happen well, or ill; -- used impersonally; as, we shall see how
it will fare with him.
Sso fares it when with truth falsehood contends. Milton.
5. To behave; to conduct one's self. [Obs.]
She ferde [fared] as she would die. Chaucer.
Fare
Fare (?), n. [AS. faru journey, fr. faran. See Fare, v.]
1. A journey; a passage. [Obs.]
That nought might stay his fare. Spenser.
2. The price of passage or going; the sum paid or due for conveying a
person by land or water; as, the fare for crossing a river; the fare
in a coach or by railway.
3. Ado; bustle; business. [Obs.]
The warder chid and made fare. Chaucer.
4. Condition or state of things; fortune; hap; cheer.
What fare? what news abroad ? Shak.
5. Food; provisions for the table; entertainment; as, coarse fare;
delicious fare. "Philosophic fare." Dryden.
6. The person or persons conveyed in a vehicle; as, a full fare of
passengers. A. Drummond.
7. The catch of fish on a fishing vessel.
Bill of fare. See under Bill. -- Fare indicator OR register, a device
for recording the number of passengers on a street car, etc. -- Fare
wicket. (a) A gate or turnstile at the entrance of toll bridges,
exhibition grounds, etc., for registering the number of persons
passing it. (b) An opening in the door of a street car for purchasing
tickets of the driver or passing fares to the conductor. Knight.
Faren
Far"en (?), obs. p. p. of Fare, v. i. Chaucer.
Farewell
Fare`well" (?), interj. [Fare (thou, you) + well.] Go well; good-by;
adieu; -- originally applied to a person departing, but by custom now
applied both to those who depart and those who remain. It is often
separated by the pronoun; as, fare you well; and is sometimes used as
an expression of separation only; as, farewell the year; farewell, ye
sweet groves; that is, I bid you farewell.
So farewell hope, and with hope, farewell fear. Milton.
Fare thee well! and if forever, Still forever fare thee well.
Byron.
NOTE: &hand; Th e pr imary ac cent is sometimes placed on the first
syllable, especially in poetry.
Farewell
Fare`well" (?), n.
1. A wish of happiness or welfare at parting; the parting compliment;
a good-by; adieu.
2. Act of departure; leave-taking; a last look at, or reference to
something.
And takes her farewell of the glorious sun. Shak.
Before I take my farewell of the subject. Addison.
Farewell
Fare"well` (?), a. Parting; valedictory; final; as, a farewell
discourse; his farewell bow.
Leans in his spear to take his farewell view. Tickell.
Farewell rock (Mining), the Millstone grit; -- so called because no
coal is found worth working below this stratum. It is used for hearths
of furnaces, having power to resist intense heat. Ure.
Farfet
Far"fet` (?), a. [Far + fet, p. p. of Fette.] Farfetched. [Obs.]
York with his farfet policy. Shak.
Farfetch
Far"fetch` (?), v. t. [Far + fetch.] To bring from far; to seek out
studiously. [Obs.]
To farfetch the name of Tartar from a Hebrew word. Fuller.
Farfetch
Far"fetch`, n. Anything brought from far, or brought about with
studious care; a deep strategem. [Obs.] "Politic farfetches."
Hudibras.
Farfetched
Far"fetched` (?), a.
1. Brought from far, or from a remote place.
Every remedy contained a multitude of farfetched and heterogeneous
ingredients. Hawthorne.
2. Studiously sought; not easily or naturally deduced or introduced;
forced; strained.
Farina
Fa*ri"na (?), n. [L., meal, flour, fr. far a sort of grain, spelt;
akin to E. barley.]
1. A fine flour or meal made from cereal grains or from the starch or
fecula of vegetables, extracted by various processes, and used in
cookery.
2. (Bot.) Pollen. [R.] Craig.
Farinaceous
Far`i*na"ceous (?), a. [L. farinaceus.]
1. Consisting or made of meal or flour; as, a farinaceous diet.
2. Yielding farina or flour; as, ffarinaceous seeds.
3. Like meal; mealy; pertainiing to meal; as, a farinaceous taste,
smell, or appearance.
Farinose
Far`i*nose" (?), a. [L. farinosus: cf. F. farineux.]
1. Yielding farinaa; as, farinose substances.
2. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.)Civered with a sort of white, mealy powder, as the
leaves of some poplars, and the body of certain insects; mealy.
Farl
Farl (?), v. t. Same as Furl. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Farlie
Far"lie (?), n. [OE. ferlish wonder, as adj., strange, sudden,
fearful, AS. f\'d6rl\'c6c sudden. See Fear.] An unusual or unexpected
thing; a wonder. See Fearly. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Drayton.
Farm
Farm (?), n. [OE. ferme rent, lease, F. ferme, LL. firma, fr. L.
firmus firm, fast, firmare to make firm or fast. See Firm, a. & n.]
1. The rent of land, -- originally paid by reservation of part of its
products. [Obs.]
2. The term or tenure of a lease of land for cultivation; a leasehold.
[Obs.]
It is great willfulness in landlords to make any longer farms to
their tenants. Spenser.
3. The land held under lease and by payment of rent for the purpose of
cultivation.
4. Any tract of land devoted to agricultural purposes, under the
management of a tenant or the owner.
NOTE: &hand; In En glish the ideas of a lease, a term, and a rent,
continue to be in a great degree inseparable, even from the popular
meaning of a farm, as they are entirely so from the legal sense.
Burrill.
5. A district of country leased (or farmed) out for the collection of
the revenues of government.
The province was devided into twelve farms. Burke.
6. (O. Eng. Law) A lease of the imposts on particular goods; as, the
sugar farm, the silk farm.
Whereas G. H. held the farm of sugars upon a rent of 10,000 marks
per annum. State Trials (1196).
Farm
Farm (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Farmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Farming.]
1. To lease or let for an equivalent, as land for a rent; to yield the
use of to proceeds.
We are enforced to farm our royal realm. Shak.
2. To give up to another, as an estate, a business, the revenue, etc.,
on condition of receiving in return a percentage of what it yields;
as, to farm the taxes.
To farm their subjects and their duties toward these. Burke.
3. To take at a certain rent or rate.
4. To devote (land) to agriculture; to cultivate, as land; to till, as
a farm.
To farm let, To let to farm, to lease on rent.
Farm
Farm, v. i. To engage in the business of tilling the soil; to labor as
a farmer.
Farmable
Farm"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being farmed.
Farmer
Farm"er (?), n. [Cf. F. fermier.] One who farms; as: (a) One who hires
and cultivates a farm; a cultivator of leased ground; a tenant. Smart.
(b) One who is devoted to the tillage of the soil; one who cultivates
a farm; an agriculturist; a husbandman. (c) One who takes taxes,
customs, excise, or other duties, to collect, either paying a fixed
annuual rent for the privilege; as, a farmer of the revenues. (d)
(Mining) The lord of the field, or one who farms the lot and cope of
the crown. Farmer-general [F. fermier-general], one to whom the right
of levying certain taxes, in a particular district, was farmed out,
under the former French monarchy, for a given sum paid down. --
Farmers' satin, a light material of cotton and worsted, used for coat
linings. McElrath. -- The king's farmer (O. Eng. Law), one to whom the
collection of a royal revenue was farmed out. Burrill.
Farmeress
Farm"er*ess, n. A woman who farms.
Farmership
Farm"er*ship, n. Skill in farming.
Farmery
Farm"er*y (?), n. The buildings and yards necessary for the business
of a farm; a homestead. [Eng.]
Farmhouse
Farm"house`, n. A dwelling house on a farm; a farmer's residence.
Farming
Farm"ing, a. Pertaining to agriculture; devoted to, adapted to, or
engaged in, farming; as, farming tools; farming land; a farming
community.
Farming
Farm"ing, n. The business of cultivating land.
Farmost
Far"most` (?), a. Most distant; farthest.
A spacious cave within its farmost part. Dryden.
Farmstead
Farm"stead (?), n. A farm with the building upon it; a homestead on a
farm. Tennyson.
With its pleasant groves and farmsteads. Carlyle.
Farmsteading
Farm"stead*ing, n. A farmstead. [Scot.] Black.
Farmyard
Farm"yard` (?), n. The yard or inclosure attached to a barn, or the
space inclosed by the farm buildings.
Farness
Far"ness (?), n. [From Far, a.] The state of being far off; distance;
remoteness. [R.] Grew.
Faro
Far"o (?), n. [Said to be so called because the Egyptian king Pharaoh
was formerly represented upon one of the cards.] A gambling game at
cardds, in whiich all the other players play against the dealer or
banker, staking their money upon the order in which the cards will lie
and be dealt from the pack. Faro bank, the capital which the
proprietor of a farotable ventures in the game; also, the place where
a game of faro is played. Hoyle.
Faroese
Fa`ro*ese` (?), n. sing. & pl. An inhabitant, or, collectively,
inhabitants, of the Faroe islands.
Faroff
Far"*off` (?), a. Remote; as, the far-off distance. Cf. Far-off, under
Far, adv.
Farrag-inous
Far*rag-i*nous (?), a. [See Farrago.] Formed of various materials;
mixed; as, a farraginous mountain. [R.] Kirwan.
AA farraginous concurrence of all conditions, tempers, sexes, and
ages. Sir T. Browne.
Farrago
Far*ra"go (?), n. [L. farrago, -aginis, mi8xed fodder for cattle,
mash, medley, fr. far a sort of grain. See Farina.] A mass ccomposed
of various materials confusedly mixed; a medley; a mixture.
A confounded farrago of doubts, fears, hopes, wishes, and all the
flimsy furniture of a country miss's brain. Sheridan.
Farfand
Far"fand (?), n. [OE. farand beautiful; cf. Gael. farranta neat,
stout, stately; or perh. akin to E. fare.] Manner; custom; fashion;
humor. [Prov. Eng.] [Written also farand.] Grose.
Farreation
Far`re*a"tion (?), n. [L. farreatio.] Same as Confarreation.
Farrier
Far"ri*er (?), n. [OE. farrour, ferrer, OF. ferreor, ferrier, LL.
Ferrator, ferrarius equorum, from ferrare to shoe a horse, ferrum a
horseshoe, fr. L. ferrum iron. Cf. Ferreous.]
1. A shoer of horses; a veterinary surgeon.
Farrier
Far"ri*er, v. i. To practice as a farrier; to carry on the trade of a
farrier. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Farriery
Far"ri*er*y (?), n.
1. The art of shoeing horses.
2. The art of preventing, curing, or mitigating diseases of horses and
cattle; the veterinary art.
3. The place where a smith shoes horses.
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Farrow
Far"row (?), n. [AS. fearh a little pig; a akin to OHG. farh, farah,
pig, dim. farheli little pig, G. fercel, D. varken pig, Lith. parszas
OIr. orc,L. porcus, Gr. Pork.] A little of pigs. Shak.
Farfow
Far"fow, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Farrowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Farrowing.] To bring forth (young); -- said only of swine. Tusser.
Farrow
Far"row, a. [Cf. Scot. ferry cow a cow that is not with calf, D.
vaarkoe, vaars, heifer, G. f\'84rse, AS. fearr bull, G. farre. Cf.
Heifer.] Not producing young in a given season or year; -- said only
of cows.
NOTE: &hand; If a co w ha s had a calf, but fails in a subsequent
year, she is said to be farrow, or to go farrow.
Farry
Far"ry (?), n. A farrow. [Obs.] Perry.
Farse
Farse (?), n. [See Farce, n.] (Eccl.) An addition to, or a paraphrase
of, some part of the Latin service in the vernacular; -- common in
English before the Reformation.
Farseeing
Far"see`ing (?), a.
1. Able to see to a great distance; farsighted.
2. Having foresight as regards the future.
Farsighted
Far"sight`ed (?), a.
1. Seeing to great distance; hence, of good judgment regarding the
remote effects of actions; sagacious.
2. (Med.) Hypermetropic.
Farsightedness
Far"sight`ed*ness, n.
1. Quality of bbeing farsighted.
2. (Med.) Hypermetropia.
Farstretched
Far"*stretched` (?), a. Streatched beyond ordinary limits.
Farther
Far"ther (?), a., compar. of Far. [superl. Farthest (. See Further.]
[For farrer, OE. ferrer, compar. of far; confused with further. Cf.
Farthest.]
1. More remote; more distant than something else.
2. Tending to a greater distance; beyond a certain point; additional;
further.
Before our farther way the fates allow. Dryden.
Let me add a farther Truth. Dryden.
Some farther change awaits us. MIlton.
Farther
Far"ther, adv.
1. At or to a greater distance; more renotely; beyond; as, let us rest
with what we have, without looking farther.
2. Moreover; by way of progress in treating a subject; as, farther,
let us consider the probable event.
No farther, (used elliptically for) go no farther; say no more, etc.
It will be dangerous to go on. No farther ! Shak.
Farther
Far"ther, v. t. To help onward. [R.] See Further.
Fartherance
Far"ther*ance (?), n. [Obs.] See Furtherence.
Farthermore
Far"ther*more*" (?), adv. [Obs.] See Furthermore.
Farthermost
Far"ther*most` (?), a. Most distant or remote; as, the farthest
degree. See Furthest.
Farthing
Far"thing (?), n. [OE. furthing, AS. fe\'a2r, fr. fe\'a2r fourth,
fe\'a2r, fe\'a2wer, four. See Four.]
1. The fourth of a penny; a small copper coin of Great Britain, being
a cent in United States currency.
2. A very small quantity or value. [Obs.]
In her cup was no farthing seen of grease. Chaucer.
3. A division of hand. [Obs.]
Thirty acres make a farthing land; nine farthings a Cornish acre;
and four Cornish acres a knight's fee. R. Carew.
Farthingale
Far"thin*gale (?), n. [OE. vardingale, fardingale, fr. OF. vertugale,
verdugade, F. vertugade, vertugadin, from Sp. verdugado, being named
from its hoops, fr. verdugo a young shoot of tree, fr. verde green,
fr. L. viridis. See Verdant.] A hoop skirt or hoop petticoat, or other
light, elastic material, used to extend the petticoat.
We'll revel it as bravely as the best, . . . With ruffs and cuffs,
and farthingales and things. Shak.
Fasces
Fas"ces (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of fascis bundle; cf. fascia a band, and
Gr. , (Rom. Antiq.) A bundle of rods, having among them an ax with the
blade projecting, borne before the Roman magistrates as a badge of
their authority.
Fascet
Fas"cet (?), n. (Glass Making) A wire basket on the end of a rod to
carry glass bottles, etc., to the annealing furnace; also, an iron rod
to be thrust into the mouths of bottles, and used for the same
purpose; -- calles also pontee and punty.
Fascia
Fas"ci*a (?), n.; pl. Fasci\'91 (#). [L., a band: cf. It. fascia. See
Fasces, and cf. Fess.]
1. A band, sash, or fillet; especially, in surgery, a bandage or
roller.
2. (Arch.) A flat member of an order or building, like a flat band or
broad fillet; especially, one of the three bands which make up the
architrave, in the Ionic order. See Illust. of Column.
3. (Anat.) The layer of loose tissue, often containing fat,
immediately beneath the skin; the stronger layer of connective tissue
covering and investing all muscles; an aponeurosis.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A broad well-defined band of color.
Fascial
Fas"ci*al (?), a.
1. Pertaining to the fasces.
2. (Anat.) Relating to a fascia.
Fasciate, Fasciated
Fas"ci*ate (?), Fas"ci*a`ted (?), a. [L. fasciatus, p.p. of fasciare
to envelop with bands, fr. fascia band. See Fasces.]
1. Bound with a fillet, sash, or bandage.
2. (Bot.) (a) Banded or compacted together. (b) Flattened and
laterally widened, as are often the stems of the garden cockscomb.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Broadly banded with color.
Fasciation
Fas`ci*a"tion, n. The act or manner of binding up; bandage; also, the
condition of being fasciated.
Fascicle
Fas"ci*cle (?), n. [L. fasciculus, dim. of fascis. See Fasces.] A
small bundle or collection; a compact cluster; as, a fascicle of
fibers; a fascicle of flowers or roots.
Fascicled
Fas"ci*cled (?), a. Growing in a bundle, tuft, or close cluster; as,
the fascicled leaves of the pine or larch; the fascicled roots of the
dahlia; fascicled muscle fibers; fascicled tufts of hair.
Fascicular
Fas*cic"u*lar (?), a. Pertaining to a fascicle; fascicled; as, a
fascicular root.
Fascicularly
Fas*cic"u*lar*ly, adv. In a fascicled manner. Kirwan.
Fasciculate, Fasciculated
Fas*cic"u*late (?), Fas*cic"u*la`ted (?), a. Grouped in a fascicle;
fascicled.
Fasciculus
Fas*cic"u*lus (?), n.; pl. Fasciculi (#). [L. See Fascicle.]
1. A little bundle; a fascicle.
2. A division of a book.
Fascinate
Fas"ci*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fascinated (?), p. pr. & vb. n..
Fascinating (.] [L. fascinare; cf. Gr.
1. To influence in an uncontrollable manner; to operate on by some
powerful or irresistible charm; to bewitch; to enchant.
It has been almost universally believed that . . . serpents can
stupefy and fascinate the prey which they are desirous to obtain.
Griffith (Cuvier).
2. To excite and allure irresistibly or powerfully; to charm; to
captivate, as by physical or mental charms.
there be none of the passions that have been noted to fascinate or
bewhich but love and envy. Bacon.
Syn. -- To charm; enrapture; captivate; enchant; bewitch; attract.
Fascination
Fas`ci*na"tion (?), n. [L. fascinatio; cf. F. fascination.]
1. The act of fascinating, bewhiching, or enchanting; enchantment;
witchcraft; the exercise of a powerful or irresistible influence on
the affections or passions; unseen, inexplicable influence.
The Turks hang old rags . . . upon their fairest horses, and other
goodly creatures, to secure them against fascination. Waller.
2. The state or condition of being fascinated.
3. That which fascinates; a charm; a spell.
There is a certain bewitchery or fascination in words. South.
Fascine
Fas*cine" (?), n. [F., fr. L. fascina a bundle of sticks, fr. fascis.
See Fasces.] (Fort. & Engin.) A cylindrical bundle of small sticks of
wood, bound together, used in raising batteries, filling ditches,
strengthening ramparts, and making parapets; also in revetments for
river banks, and in mats for dams, jetties, etc.
Fascinous
Fas"ci*nous (?), a. [L. fascinum witchcraft, akin to fascinare. See
Fascinate.] Caused or acting by witchcraft. [Obs.] "Fascinous
diseases." Harvey.
Fasciola
Fas*ci"o*la (?), n.;pl. Fasciol\'91 (#). [See Fasciole.] (Anat.) A
band of gray matter bordering the fimbria in the brain; the dentate
convolution. Wilder.
Fasciole
Fas"ci*ole (?), n. [L. fasciola a little bandage. See Fascia.]
(Zo\'94l.) A band of minute tubercles, bearing modified spines, on the
shells of spatangoid sea urchins. See Spatangoidea.
Fash
Fash (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fashing.]
[OF. faschier, F. f, to anger, vex; cf. Pr. fasticar, fastigar, fr. L.
fastidium dilike. See Fastidious.] To vex; to tease; to trouble.
[Scot.]
Fash
Fash, n. Vexation; anxiety; care. [Scot.]
Without further fash on my part. De Quincey.
Fashion
Fash"ion (?), n. [OE. fasoun, facioun, shape, manner, F. facon, orig.,
a making, fr. L. factio a making, fr. facere to make. See Fact, Feat,
and cf. Faction.]
1. The make or form of anything; the style, shape, appearance, or mode
of structure; pattern, model; as, the fashion of the ark, of a coat,
of a house, of an altar, etc. ; workmanship; execution.
The fashion of his countenance was altered. Luke ix. 29.
I do not like the fashion of your garments. Shak.
2. The prevailing mode or style, especially of dress; custom or
conventional usage in respect of dress, behavior, etiquette, etc.;
particularly, the mode or style usual among persons of good breeding;
as, to dress, dance, sing, ride, etc., in the fashion.
The innocent diversions in fashion. Locke.
As now existing, fashion is a form of social regulation analogous
to constitutional government as a form of political regulation. H.
Spencer.
3. Polite, fashionable, or genteel life; social position; good
breeding; as, men of fashion.
4. Mode of action; method of conduct; manner; custom; sort; way.
"After his sour fashion." Shak.
After a fashion, to a certain extent; in a sort. -- Fashion piece
(Naut.), one of the timbers which terminate the transom, and define
the shape of the stern. -- Fashion plate, a pictorial design showing
the prevailing style or a new style of dress. <-- # in a sort? s.b. of
a sort? -->
Fashion
Fash"ion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fashioned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fashioning.] [Cf. F. faconner.]
1. To form; to give shape or figure to; to mold.
Here the loud hammer fashions female toys. Gay.
Ingenious art . . . Steps forth to fashion and refine the age.
Cowper.
2. To fit; to adapt; to accommodate; -- with to.
Laws ought to be fashioned to the manners and conditions of the
people. Spenser.
3. To make according to the rule prescribed by custom.
Fashioned plate sells for more than its weight. Locke.
4. To forge or counterfeit. [Obs.] Shak.
Fashioning needle (Knitting Machine), a needle used for widening or
narrowing the work and thus shaping it.
Fashionable
Fash"ion*a*ble (?), a.
1. Conforming to the fashion or established mode; according with the
prevailing form or style; as, a fashionable dress.
2. Established or favored by custom or use; current; prevailing at a
particular time; as, the fashionable philosophy; fashionable opinions.
3. Observant of the fashion or customary mode; dressing or behaving
according to the prevailing fashion; as, a fashionable man.
4. Genteel; well-bred; as, fashionable society.
Time is like a fashionable host That slightly shakes his parting
guest by the hand. Shak.
Fashionable
Fash"ion*a*ble, n. A person who conforms to the fashions; -- used
chiefly in the plural.
Fashionableness
Fash"ion*a*ble*ness, n. State of being fashionable.
Fashionably
Fash"ion*a*bly, adv. In a fashionable manner.
Fashioned
Fash"ioned (?), a.Having a certain style or fashion; as old-fashioned;
new-fashioned.
Fashioner
Fash"ion*er (?), n. One who fashions, forms, ar gives shape to
anything. [R.]
The fashioner had accomplished his task, and the dresses were
brought home. Sir W. Scott.
Fashionist
Fash"ion*ist (?), n. An obsequious follower of the modes and fashions.
[R.] Fuller.
Fashionless
Fash"ion*less, a. Having no fashion.
Fashion-monger
Fash"ion-mon`ger (?), n. One who studies the fashions; a fop; a dandy.
Marston.
Fashion-mongering
Fash"ion-mon`ger*ing, a. Behaving like a fashion-monger. [R.] Shak.
Fassaite
Fas"sa*ite (?), n. (Min.) A variety of pyroxene, from the valley of
Fassa, in the Tyrol.
Fast
Fast (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fasting.] [AS.
f&ae;stan; akin to D. vasten, OHG. fast&emac;n, G. fasten, Icel. & Sw.
fasta, Dan. faste, Goth. fastan to keep, observe, fast, and prob. to
E. fast firm.]
1. To abstain from food; to omit to take nourishment in whole or in
part; to go hungry.
Fasting he went to sleep, and fasting waked. Milton.
2. To practice abstinence as a religious exercise or duty; to abstain
from food voluntarily for a time, for the mortification of the body or
appetites, or as a token of grief, or humiliation and penitence.
Thou didst fast and weep for the child. 2 Sam. xii. 21.
Fasting day, a fast day; a day of fasting.
Fast
Fast, n. [OE. faste, fast; cf. AS. f, OHG. fasta, G. faste. See Fast,
v. i.]
1. Abstinence from food; omission to take nounrishment.
Surfeit is the father of much fast. Shak.
2. Voluntary abstinence from food, for a space of time, as a spiritual
discipline, or as a token of religious humiliation.
3. A time of fasting, whether a day, week, or longer time; a period of
abstinence from food or certain kinds of food; as, an annual fast.
Fast day, a day appointed for fasting, humiliation, and religious
offices as a means of invoking the favor of God. -- To break one's
fast, to put an end to a period of abstinence by taking food;
especially, to take one's morning meal; to breakfast. Shak.
Fast
Fast, a. [Compar. Faster (?); superl. Fastest (?).] [OE., firm,
strong, not loose, AS. f; akin to OS. fast, D. vast, OHG. fasti,
festi, G. fest, Isel. fastr, Sw. & Dan. fast, and perh. to E. fetter.
The sense swift comes from the idea of keeping close to what is
pursued; a Scandinavian use. Cf. Fast, adv., Fast, v., Avast.]
1. Firmly fixed; closely adhering; made firm; not loose, unstable, or
easily moved; immovable; as, to make fast the door.
There is an order that keeps things fast. Burke.
2. Firm against attack; fortified by nature or art; impregnable;
strong.
Outlaws . . . lurking in woods and fast places. Spenser.
3. Firm in adherence; steadfast; not easily separated or alienated;
faithful; as, a fast friend.
4. Permanent; not liable to fade by exposure to air or by washing;
durable; lasting; as, fast colors.
5. Tenacious; retentive. [Obs.]
Roses, damask and red, are fast flowers of their smells. Bacon.
6. Not easily disturbed or broken; deep; sound.
All this while in a most fast sleep. Shak.
7. Moving rapidly; quick in mition; rapid; swift; as, a fast horse.
8. Given to pleasure seeking; disregardful of restraint; reckless;
wild; dissipated; dissolute; as, a fast man; a fast liver. Thackeray.
Fast and loose, now cohering, now disjoined; inconstant, esp. in the
phrases to play at fast and loose, to play fast and loose, to act with
giddy or reckless inconstancy or in a tricky manner; to say one thing
and do another "Play fast and loose with faith." Shak. Fast and loose
pulleys (Mach.), two pulleys placed side by side on a revolving shaft,
which is driven from another shaft by a band, and arranged to
disengage and re\'89ngage the machinery driven thereby. When the
machinery is to be stopped, the band is transferred from the pulley
fixed to the shaft to the pulley which revolves freely upon it, and
vice versa. -- Hard and fast (Naut.), so completely aground as to be
immovable. -- To make fast (Naut.), to make secure; to fasten firmly,
as a vessel, a rope, or a door.
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Fast
Fast (?), adv. [OE. Faste firmly, strongly, quickly, AS. f. See Fast,
a.]
1. In a fast, fixed, or firmly established manner; fixedly; firmly;
immovably.
We will bind thee fast. Judg. xv. 13.
2. In a fast or rapid manner; quickly; swiftly; extravagantly; wildly;
as, to run fast; to live fast.
Fast by, OR Fast beside, close or near to; near at hand.
He, after Eve seduced, unminded slunk Into the wood fast by.
Milton.
Fast by the throne obsequious Fame resides. Pope.
Fast
Fast, n. That which fastens or holds; especially, (Naut.) a mooring
rope, hawser, or chain; -- called, according to its position, a bow,
head, quarter, breast, or stern fast; also, a post on a pier around
which hawsers are passed in mooring.
Fasten
Fas"ten (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fastened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fastening (?).] [AS. f\'91stnian; akin to OHG. festin&omac;n. See
Fast, a.]
1. To fix firmly; to make fast; to secure, as by a knot, lock, bolt,
etc.; as, to fasten a chain to the feet; to fasten a door or window.
2. To cause to hold together or to something else; to attach or unite
firmly; to cause to cleave to something , or to cleave together, by
any means; as, to fasten boards together with nails or cords; to
fasten anything in our thoughts.
The words Whig and Tory have been pressed to the service of many
successions of parties, with very different ideas fastened to them.
Swift.
3. To cause to take close effect; to make to tell; to lay on; as, to
fasten a blow. [Obs.] Dryden.
If I can fasten but one cup upon him. Shak.
To fasten a charge, OR a crime, upon, to make his guilt certain, or so
probable as to be generally believed. -- To fasten one's eyes upon, to
look upon steadily without cessation. Acts iii. 4. Syn. -- To fix;
cement; stick; link; affix; annex.
Fasten
Fas"ten, v. i. To fix one's self; to take firm hold; to clinch; to
cling.
A horse leech will hardly fasten on a fish. Sir T. Browne.
Fastener
Fas"ten*er (?), n. One who, or that which, makes fast or firm.
Fastening
Fas"ten*ing (?), n. Anything that binds and makes fast, as a lock,
catch, bolt, bar, buckle, etc.
Faster
Fast"er (?), n. One who abstains from food.
Fast-handed
Fast"-hand`ed (?), a. Close-handed; close-fisted; covetous;
avaricious. [Obs.] Bacon.
Fasti
Fas"ti (?), n.pl. [L.]
1. The Roman calendar, which gave the days for festivals, courts,
etc., corresponding to a modern almanac.
2. Records or registers of important events.
Fastidiosity
Fas*tid`i*os"i*ty (?), n. Fastidiousness; squeamishness. [Obs.] Swift.
Fastidious
Fas*tid"i*ous (?), a. [L. fastidiosus disdainful, fr. fastidium
loathing, aversion, perh. fr. fastus arrogance (of uncertain origin) +
taedium loathing. Cf. Tedious, Fash.] Difficult to please; delicate to
fault; suited with difficulty; squeamish; as, a fastidious mind or
ear; a fastidious appetite.
Proud youth ! fastidious of the lower world. Young.
Syn. -- Squeamish; critical; overnice; difficult; punctilious. --
Fastidious, Squeamish. We call a person fastidious when his taste or
feelings are offended by trifling defects or errors; we call him
squeamish when he is excessively nice or critical on minor points, and
also when he is overscrupulous as to questions of duty. "Whoever
examines his own imperfections will cease to be fastidious; whoever
restrains his caprice and scrupulosity will cease to be squeamish."
Crabb. -- Fas*tid"i*ous*ly, adv. -- Fas*tid"i*ous*ness, n.
Fastigiate, Fastigiated
Fas*tig"i*ate (?), Fas*tig"i*a`ted (?), a. [L. fastigium gable end,
top, height, summit.]
1. Narrowing towards the top.
2. (Bot.) Clustered, parallel, and upright, as the branches of the
Lombardy poplar; pointed.
3. (Zo\'94l.) United into a conical bundle, or into a bundle with an
enlarged head, like a sheaf of wheat.
Fastish
Fast"ish (?), a. Rather fast; also, somewhat dissipated. [Colloq.]
Thackeray.
Fastly
Fast"ly, adv. Firmly; surely.
Fastness
Fast"ness, n. [AS. f\'91stnes, fr. f\'91st fast. See Fast, a.]
1. The state of being fast and firm; firmness; fixedness; security;
faithfulness.
All . . . places of fastness [are] laid open. Sir J. Davies.
2. A fast place; a stronghold; a fortress or fort; a secure retreat; a
castle; as, the enemy retired to their fastnesses in the mountains.
3. Conciseness of style. [Obs.] Ascham.
4. The state of being fast or swift.
Fastuous
Fas"tu*ous (?), a. [L. fastuosus, from fastus haughtiness, pride: cf.
F. fastueux.] Proud; haughty; disdainful. [Obs.] Barrow.
Fas"tu*ous*ness, n. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Fat
Fat (?), n. [See Vat, n.]
1. A large tub, cistern, or vessel; a vat. [Obs.]
The fats shall overflow with wine and oil. Joel ii. 24.
2. A measure of quantity, differing for different commodities. [Obs.]
Hebert.
Fat
Fat, a. [Compar. Fatter (?); superl. Fattest (?).] [AS. f&aemac;tt;
akin to D. vet, G. fett, feist, Icel. feitr, Sw. fet, Dan. fed, and
perh. to Gr. pi^dax spring, fountain, pidy`ein to gush forth, pi`wn
fat, Skr. pi to swell.]
1. Abounding with fat; as: (a) Fleshy; characterized by fatness;
plump; corpulent; not lean; as, a fat man; a fat ox. (b) Oily; greasy;
unctuous; rich; -- said of food.
2. Exhibiting the qualities of a fat animal; coarse; heavy; gross;
dull; stupid.
Making our western wits fat and mean. Emerson.
Make the heart of this people fat. Is. vi. 10.
3. Fertile; productive; as, a fat soil; a fat pasture.
4. Rich; producing a large income; desirable; as, a fat benefice; a
fat office; a fat job.
Now parson of Troston, a fat living in Suffolk. Carlyle.
5. Abounding in riches; affluent; fortunate. [Obs.]
Persons grown fat and wealthy by long impostures. Swift.
6. (Typog.) Of a character which enables the compositor to make large
wages; -- said of matter containing blank, cuts, or many leads, etc.;
as, a fat take; a fat page.
Fat lute, a mixture of pipe clay and oil for filling joints.
Fat
Fat (?), n.
1. (Physiol. Chem.) An oily liquid or greasy substance making up the
main bulk of the adipose tissue of animals, and widely distributed in
the seeds of plants. See Adipose tissue, under Adipose.
NOTE: &hand; An imal fa ts ar e co mposed ma inly of three distinct
fats, tristearin, tripalmitin, and triolein, mixed in varying
proportions. As olein is liquid at ordinary temperatures, while the
other two fats are solid, it follows that the consistency or
hardness of fats depends upon the relative proportion of the three
individual fats. During the life of an animal, the fat is mainly in
a liquid state in the fat cells, owing to the solubility of the two
solid fats in the more liquid olein at the body temperature.
Chemically, fats are composed of fatty acid, as stearic, palmitic,
oleic, etc., united with glyceryl. In butter fat, olein and
palmitin predominate, mixed with another fat characteristic of
butter, butyrin. In the vegetable kingdom many other fats or
glycerides are to be found, as myristin from nutmegs, a glyceride
of lauric acid in the fat of the bay tree, etc.
2. The best or richest productions; the best part; as, to live on the
fat of the land.
3. (Typog.) Work. containing much blank, or its equivalent, and,
therefore, profitable to the compositor.
Fat acid. (Chem.) See Sebacic acid, under Sebacic. -- Fat series,
Fatty series (Chem.), the series of the paraffine hydrocarbons and
their derivatives; the marsh gas or methane series. -- Natural fats
(Chem.), the group of oily substances of natural occurrence, as
butter, lard, tallow, etc., as distinguished from certain fatlike
substance of artificial production, as paraffin. Most natural fats are
essentially mixtures of triglycerides of fatty acids.
Fat
Fat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fatted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. atting (?).] [OE.
fatten, AS. f. See Fat, a., and cf. Fatten.] To make fat; to fatten;
to make plump and fleshy with abundant food; as, to fat fowls or
sheep.
We fat all creatures else to fat us. Shak.
Fat
Fat, v. i. To grow fat, plump, and fleshy.
An old ox fats as well, and is as good, as a young one. Mortimer.
Fatal
Fa"tal, a. [L. fatalis, fr. fatum: cf. F. fatal. See Fate.]
1. Proceeding from, or appointed by, fate or destiny; necessary;
inevitable. [R.]
These thing are fatal and necessary. Tillotson.
It was fatal to the king to fight for his money. Bacon.
2. Foreboding death or great disaster. [R.]
That fatal screech owl to our house That nothing sung but death to
us and ours. Shak.
3. Causing death or destruction; deadly; mortal; destructive;
calamitous; as, a fatal wound; a fatal disease; a fatal day; a fatal
error.
Fatalism
Fa"tal*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. fatalisme.] The doctrine that all things
are subject to fate, or that they take place by inevitable necessity.
Fatalist
Fa"tal*ist (?), n. [Cf. F. fataliste.] One who maintains that all
things happen by inevitable necessity.
Fatalistic
Fa`tal*is"tic (?), a. Implying, or partaking of the nature of,
fatalism.
Fatality
Fa*tal"i*ty (?), n.;pl. Fatalities (#). [L. fatalitas: cf. F.
fatalit\'82]
1. The state of being fatal, or proceeding from destiny; invincible
necessity, superior to, and independent of, free and rational control.
The Stoics held a fatality, and a fixed, unalterable course of
events. South.
2. The state of being fatal; tendency to destruction or danger, as if
by decree of fate; mortaility.
The year sixty-three is conceived to carry with it the most
considerable fatality. Ser T. Browne.
By a strange fatality men suffer their dissenting. Eikon Basilike.
3. That which is decreed by fate or which is fatal; a fatal event.
Dryden.
Fatally
Fa"tal*ly (?), adv.
1. In a manner proceeding from, or determined by, fate. Bentley.
2. In a manner issuing in death or ruin; mortally; destructively; as,
fatally deceived or wounded.
Fatalness
Fa"tal*ness, . Quality of being fatal. Johnson.
Fata Morgana
Fa"ta Mor*ga"na (?). [It.; -- so called because this phenomenon was
looked upon as the work of a fairy (It. fata) of the name of
Morg\'a0na. See Fairy.] A kind of mirage by which distant objects
appear inverted, distorted, displaced, or multiplied. It is noticed
particularly at the Straits of Messina, between Calabria and Sicily.
Fatback
Fat"back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The menhaden.
Fat-brained
Fat"-brained` (?), a. Dull of apprehension.
Fate
Fate (?), n. [L. fatum a prophetic declaration, oracle, what is
ordained by the gods, destiny, fate, fr. fari to speak: cf. OF. fat.
See Fame, Fable, Ban, and cf. 1st Fay, Fairy.]
1. A fixed decree by which the order of things is prescribed; the
immutable law of the universe; inevitable necessity; the force by
which all existence is determined and conditioned.
Necessity and chance Approach not me; and what I will is fate.
Milton.
Beyond and above the Olympian gods lay the silent, brooding,
everlasting fate of which victim and tyrant were alike the
instruments. Froude.
2. Appointed lot; allotted life; arranged or predetermined event;
destiny; especially, the final lot; doom; ruin; death.
The great, th'important day, big with the fate Of Cato and of Rome.
Addison.
Our wills and fates do so contrary run That our devices still are
overthrown. Shak.
The whizzing arrow sings, And bears thy fate, Antinous, on its
wings. Pope.
3. The element of chance in the affairs of life; the unforeseen and
unestimated conitions considered as a force shaping events; fortune;
esp., opposing circumstances against which it is useless to struggle;
as, fate was, or the fates were, against him.
A brave man struggling in the storms of fate. Pope.
Sometimes an hour of Fate's serenest weather strikes through our
changeful sky its coming beams. B. Taylor.
4. pl. [L. Fata, pl. of fatum.] (Myth.) The three goddesses, Clotho,
Lachesis, and Atropos, sometimes called the Destinies, or Parc\'91who
were supposed to determine the course of human life. They are
represented, one as holding the distaff, a second as spinning, and the
third as cutting off the thread.
NOTE: &hand; Am ong all nations it has been common to speak of fate
or destiny as a power superior to gods and men -- swaying all
things irresistibly. This may be called the fate of poets and
mythologists. Philosophical fate is the sum of the laws of the
universe, the product of eternal intelligence and the blind
properties of matter. Theological fate represents Deity as above
the laws of nature, and ordaining all things according to his will
-- the expression of that will being the law. Krauth-Fleming.
Syn. -- Destiny; lot; doom; fortune; chance.
Fated
Fat"ed (?), p. p. & a.
1. Decreed by fate; destined; doomed; as, he was fated to rule a
factious people.
One midnight Fated to the purpose. Shak.
2. Invested with the power of determining destiny. [Obs.] "The fated
sky." Shak.
3. Exempted by fate. [Obs. or R.] Dryden.
Fateful
Fate"ful (?), a. . Having the power of serving or accomplishing fate.
"The fateful steel." J. Barlow.
2. Significant of fate; ominous.
The fateful cawings of the crow. Longfellow.
-- Fate"ful*ly, adv.- Fate"ful*ness, n.
Fathead
Fat"head` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A cyprinoid fish of the Mississippi
valley (Pimephales promelas); -- called also black-headed minnow. (b)
A labroid food fish of California; the redfish.
Father
Fa"ther (?), n. [OE. fader, AS. f\'91der; akin to OS. fadar, D. vader,
OHG. fatar, G. vater, Icel. Fa Sw. & Dan. fader, OIr. athir, L. pater,
Gr. pitr, perh. fr. Skr. p\'be protect. Papa, Paternal, Patriot,
Potential, Pablum.]
1. One who has begotten a child, whether son or daughter; a generator;
a male parent.
A wise son maketh a glad father. Prov. x. 1.
2. A male ancestor more remote than a parent; a progenitor;
especially, a first ancestor; a founder of a race or family; -- in the
plural, fathers, ancestors.
David slept with his fathers. 1 Kings ii. 10.
Abraham, who is the father of us all. Rom. iv. 16.
3. One who performs the offices of a parent by maintenance,
affetionate care, counsel, or protection.
I was a father to the poor. Job xxix. 16.
He hath made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house.
Gen. xiv. 8.
4. A respectful mode of address to an old man.
And Joash the king og Israel came down unto him [Elisha], . . . and
said, O my father, my father! 2 Kings xiii. 14.
5. A senator of ancient Rome.
6. A dignitary of the church, a superior of a convent, a confessor
(called also father confessor), or a priest; also, the eldest member
of a profession, or of a legislative assembly, etc.
Bless you, good father friar ! Shak.
7. One of the chief esslesiastical authorities of the first centuries
after Christ; -- often spoken of collectively as the Fathers; as, the
Latin, Greek, or apostolic Fathers.
8. One who, or that which, gives origin; an originator; a producer,
author, or contriver; the first to practice any art, profession, or
occupation; a distinguished example or teacher.
The father of all such as handle the harp and organ. Gen. iv. 21.
Might be the father, Harry, to that thought. Shak.
The father of good news. Shak.
9. The Supreme Being and Creator; God; in theology, the first person
in the Trinity.
Our Father, which art in heaven. Matt. vi. 9.
Now had the almighty Father from above . . . Bent down his eye.
Milton.
Adoptive father, one who adopts the child of another, treating it as
his own. -- Apostolic father, Conscript fathers, etc. See under
Apostolic, Conscript, etc. -- Father in God, a title given to bishops.
-- Father of lies, the Devil. -- Father of the bar, the oldest
practitioner at the bar. -- Fathers of the city, the aldermen. --
Father of the Faithful. (a) Abraham. Rom. iv. Gal. iii. 6-9. (b)
Mohammed, or one of the sultans, his successors. -- Father of the
house, the member of a legislative body who has had the longest
continuous service. -- Most Reverend Father in God, a title given to
archbishops and metropolitans, as to the archbishops of Canterbury and
York. -- Natural father, the father of an illegitimate child. --
Putative father, one who is presumed to be the father of an
illegitimate child; the supposed father. -- Spiritual father. (a) A
religious teacher or guide, esp. one instrumental in leading a soul to
God. (b) (R. C. Ch.) A priest who hears confession in the sacrament of
penance. -- The Holy Father (R. C. Ch.), the pope.
Father
Fa"ther (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fathered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fathering.]
1. To make one's self the father of; to beget.
Cowards father cowards, and base things sire base. Shak.
2. To take as one's own child; to adopt; hence, to assume as one's own
work; to acknowledge one's self author of or responsible for (a
statement, policy, etc.).
Men of wit Often fathered what he writ. Swift.
3. To provide with a father. [R.]
Think you I am no stronger than my sex, Being so fathered and so
husbanded ? Shak.
To father on OR upon, to ascribe to, or charge upon, as one's
offspring or work; to put or lay upon as being responsible. "Nothing
can be so uncouth or extravagant, which may not be fathered on some
fetch of wit, or some caprice of humor." Barrow.
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Fatherhood
Fa"ther*hood (?), n. The state of being a father; the character or
authority of a father; paternity.
Father-in-law
Fa"ther-in-law` (?), n.; pl. Fathers-in-law (. The father of one's
husband or wife; -- correlative to son-in-law and daughter-in-law.
NOTE: &hand; A man who marries a woman having children already, is
sometimes, though erroneously, called their father-in-law.
Fatherland
Fa"ther*land" (?), n. [Imitated fr. D. vaderland. See Father, and
Land.] One's native land; the native land of one's fathers or
ancestors.
Father-lasher
Fa"ther-lash`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A European marine fish (Cottus
bubalis), allied to the sculpin; -- called also lucky proach.
Fatherless
Fa"ther*less, a.
1. Destitute of a living father; as, a fatherless child.
2. Without a known author. Beau. & Fl.
Fatherlessness
Fa"ther*less*ness, n. The state of being without a father.
Fatherliness
Fa"ther*li*ness (?), n. [From Fatherly.] The qualities of a father;
parantal kindness, care, etc.
Father longlegs
Fa"ther long"legs` (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Daddy longlegs, 2.
Fatherly
Fa"ther*ly, a.
1. Like a father in affection and care; paternal; tender; protecting;
careful.
You have showed a tender, fatherly regard. Shak.
2. Of or pertaining to a father.
Fathership
Fa"ther*ship, n. The state of being a father; fatherhood; paternity.
Fathom
Fath"om (?), n. [fadme, fa&edh;me, AS. f\'91&edh;m fathom, the
embracing arms; akin to OS. fa&edh;mos the outstretched arms, D.
vadem, vaam, fathom, OHG. fadom, fadum, G. faden fathom, thread, Icel.
fa&edh;mr fathom, Sw. famn, Dan. favn; cf. Gr. patere to lie open,
extend. Cf. Patent, Petal.]
1. A measure of length, containing six feet; the space to which a man
can extend his arms; -- used chiefly in measuring cables, cordage, and
the depth of navigable water by soundings.
2. The measure or extant of one's capacity; depth, as of intellect;
profundity; reach; penetration. [R.]
Another of his fathom they have none To lead their business. Shak.
Fathom
Fath"om, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fathomed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fathoming.]
1. To encompass with the arms extended or encircling; to measure by
throwing the arms about; to span. [Obs.] Purchas.
2. The measure by a sounding line; especially, to sound the depth of;
to penetrate, measure, and comprehend; to get to the bottom of.
Dryden.
The page of life that was spread out before me seemed dull and
commonplace, only because I had not fathomed its deeper import.
Hawthotne.
Fathomable
Fath"om*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being fathomed.
Fathomer
Fath"om*er (?), n. One who fathoms.
Fathomless
Fath"om*less, a.
1. Incapable of being fathomed; immeasurable; that can not be sounded.
And buckle in a waist most fathomless. Shak.
2. Incomprehensible.
The fathomless absurdity. Milton.
Fatidical
Fa*tid"i*cal (?), a. [L. fatidicus; fatum fate + dicere to say, tell.]
Having power to foretell future events; prophetic; fatiloquent; as,
the fatidical oak. [R.] Howell. -- Fa*tid"i*cal*ly, adv.
Fatiferous
Fa*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. fatifer; fatum fate + ferre to bear, bring.]
Fate-bringing; deadly; mortal; destructive. [R.] Johnson.
Fatigable
Fat"i*ga*ble (?), a. [L. fatigabilis: cf. F. fatigable. See Fatigue.]
Easily tired. [Obs.] Bailey.
Fatigate
Fat"i*gate (?), a. [L. fatigatus, p.p. of fatigare. See Fatigue.]
Wearied; tired; fatigued. [Obs.]
Requickened what in flesh was fatigate. Shak.
Fatigate
Fat"i*gate (?), v. t. To weary; to tire; to fatigue. [Obs.] Sir T.
Elyot.
Fatigation
Fat`i*ga"tion (?), n. [L. fatigatio: cf. OF. fatigation.] Weariness.
[Obs.] W. Montaqu.
Fatigue
Fa*tigue" (?), n. [F., fr. fatiguer to fatigue, L. fatigare; cf. L.
affatim sufficiently.]
1. Weariness from bodily labor or mental exertion; lassitude or
exhaustion of strength.
2. The cause of weariness; labor; toil; as, the fatigues of war.
Dryden.
3. The weakening of a metal when subjected to repeated vibrations or
strains.
Fatigue call (Mil.), a summons, by bugle or drum, to perform fatigue
duties. -- Fatigue dress, the working dress of soldiers. -- Fatigue
duty (Mil.), labor exacted from soldiers aside from the use of arms.
Farrow. -- Fatigue party, a party of soldiers on fatigue duty.
Fatigue
Fa*tigue", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fatigued (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fatiguing, n.] [Cf. F. fatiguer. See Fatigue, n.] To weary with labor
or any bodily or mental exertion; to harass with toil; to exhaust the
strength or endurance of; to tire. Syn. -- To jade; tire; weary; bore.
See Jade.
Fatiloquent
Fa*til"o*quent (?), a. [See Fatiloquist.] Prophetic; fatidical. [Obs.]
Blount.
Fatiloquist
Fa*til"o*quist (?), n. [L. fatiloquus declaring fate; fatum fate+
Loqui to speak.] A fortune teller.
Fatimite, Fatimide
Fat"i*mite (?), Fat"i*mide (?), a. (Hist.) Descended from Fatima, the
daughter and only child of Mohammed. -- n. A descendant of Fatima.
Fatiscence
Fa*tis"cence (?), n. [L. fatiscense, p.pr. of fatiscere to gape or
crack open.] A gaping or opening; state of being chinky, or having
apertures. Kirwan.
Fat-kidneyed
Fat"-kid`neyed (?), a.Gross; lubberly.
Peace, ye fat-kidneyed rascal ! Shak.
Fatling
Fat"ling (?), n. [Fat + -ling.] A calf, lamb, kid, or other young
animal fattened for slaughter; a fat animal; -- said of such animals
as are used for food.
He sacrificed oxen and fatlings. 2 Sam. vi. 13.
Fatly
Fat"ly, adv. Grossly; greasily.
Fatner
Fat"ner (?), n. One who fattens. [R.] See Fattener. Arbuthnit.
Fatness
Fat"ness, n.
1. The quality or state of being fat, plump, or full-fed; corpulency;
fullness of flesh.
Their eyes stand out with fatness. Ps. lxxiii. 7.
2. Hence; Richness; fertility; fruitfulness.
Rich in the fatness of her plenteous soil. Rowe.
3. That which makes fat or fertile.
The clouds drop fatness. Philips.
Fatten
Fat"ten (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fattened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fattining (?).] [See Fat, v. t.]
1. To make fat; to feed for slaughter; to make fleshy or plump with
fat; to fill full; to fat.
2. To make fertile and fruitful; to enrich; as, to fatten land; to
fatten fields with blood. Dryden.
Fatten
Fat"ten, v. i. To grow fat or corpulent; to grow plump, thick, or
fleshy; to be pampered.
And villains fatten with the brave man's labor. Otway.
Fattener
Fat"ten*er (?), n.One who, or that which, fattens; that which gives
fatness or fertility.
Fattiness
Fat"ti*ness (?), n.State or quality of being fatty.
Fattish
Fat"tish (?), a. Somewhat fat; inclined to fatness.
Coleridge, a puffy, anxious, obstructed-looking, fattish old man.
Carlyle.
Fatty
Fat"ty (?), a. Containing fat, or having the qualities of fat; greasy;
gross; as, a fatty substance. Fatty acid (Chem.), any one of the
paraffin series of monocarbonic acids, as formic acid, acetic, etc.;
-- so called because the higher members, as stearic and palmitic
acids, occur in the natural fats, and are themselves fatlike
substances. -- Fatty clays. See under Clay. -- Fatty degeneration
(Med.), a diseased condition, in which the oil globules, naturally
present in certain organs, are so multiplied as gradually to destroy
and replace the efficient parts of these organs. -- Fatty heart, Fatty
liver, etc. (Med.), a heart, liver, etc., which have been the subjects
of fatty degeneration or infiltration. -- Fatty infiltration (Med.), a
condition in which there is an excessive accumulation of fat in an
organ, without destruction of any essential parts of the latter. --
Fatty tumor (Med.), a tumor consisting of fatty or adipose tissue;
lipoma.
Fatuitous
Fa*tu"i*tous (?), a. Stupid; fatuous.
Fatuity
Fa*tu"i*ty (?), n. [L. fatuitas, fr. fatuus foolish: cf. F. fatuit\'82
Cf. Fatuous.] Weakness or imbecility of mind; stupidity.
Those many forms of popular fatuity. I Taylor.
Fatuous
Fat"u*ous (?), a. [L. fatuus.]
1. Feeble in mind; weak; silly; stupid; foolish; fatuitous. Glanvill.
2. Without reality; illusory, like the ignis fatuus.
Thence fatuous fires and meteors take their birth. Danham.
Fat-wited
Fat"-wit`ed (?), a. Dull; stupid. Shak.
Faubourg
Fau`bourg" (?), n. [F.] A suburb of French city; also, a district now
within a city, but formerly without its walls.
Faucal
Fau"cal (?), a. [L. fauces throat.] Pertaining to the fauces, or
opening of the throat; faucial; esp., (Phon.) produced in the fauces,
as certain deep guttural sounds found in the Semitic and some other
languages.
Ayin is the most difficult of the faucals. I. Taylor (The
Alphabet).
Fauces
Fau"ces (?), n.pl. [L.]
1. (Anat.) The narrow passage from the mouth to the pharynx, situated
between the soft palate and the base of the tongue; -- called also the
isthmus of the fauces. On either side of the passage two membranous
folds, called the pillars of the fauces, inclose the tonsils.
2. (Bot.) The throat of a calyx, corolla, etc.
3. (Zo\'94l.) That portion of the interior of a spiral shell which can
be seen by looking into the aperture.
Faucet
Fau"cet (?), n. [F. fausset, perh. fr. L. fauces throat.]
1. A fixture for drawing a liquid, as water, molasses, oil, etc., from
a pipe, cask, or other vessel, in such quantities as may be desired;
-- called also tap, and cock. It consists of a tubular spout, stopped
with a movable plug, spigot, valve, or slide.
2. The enlarged end of a section of pipe which receives the spigot end
of the next section.
Fauchion
Fau"chion (?), n. See Falchion. [Obs.]
Faucial
Fau"cial (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the fauces; pharyngeal.
Faugh
Faugh (?), interj. [Cf. Foh.] An exclamation of contempt, disgust, or
abhorrence.
Faulchion
Faul"chion (?), n. See Falchion.
Faulcon
Faul"con (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Falcon.
Fauld
Fauld (?), n. The arch over the dam of a blast furnace; the tymp arch.
Faule
Faule (?), n. A fall or falling band. [Obs.]
These laces, ribbons, and these faules. Herrick.
Fault
Fault (?), n. [OE. faut, faute, F. faute (cf. It., Sp., & Pg. falta),
fr. a verb meaning to want, fail, freq., fr. L. fallere to deceive.
See Fail, and cf. Default.]
1. Defect; want; lack; default.
One, it pleases me, for fault of a better, to call my friend. Shak.
2. Anything that fails, that is wanting, or that impairs excellence; a
failing; a defect; a blemish.
As patches set upon a little breach Discredit more in hiding of the
fault. Shak.
3. A moral failing; a defect or dereliction from duty; a deviation
from propriety; an offense less serious than a crime.
4. (Geol. & Mining) (a) A dislocation of the strata of the vein. (b)
In coal seams, coal rendered worthless by impurities in the seam; as,
slate fault, dirt fault, etc. Raymond.
5. (Hunting) A lost scent; act of losing the scent.
Ceasing their clamorous cry till they have singled, With much ado,
the cold fault cleary out. Shak.
6. (Tennis) Failure to serve the ball into the proper court.
At fault, unable to find the scent and continue chase; hance, in
trouble ot embarrassment, and unable to proceed; puzzled; thhrown off
the track. -- To find fault, to find reason for blaming or
complaining; to express dissatisfaction; to complain; -- followed by
with before the thing complained of; but formerly by at. "Matter to
find fault at." Robynson (More's Utopia). Syn. -- -- Error; blemish;
defect; imperfection; weakness; blunder; failing; vice. -- Fault,
Failing, Defect, Foible. A fault is positive, something morally wrong;
a failing is negative, some weakness or failling short in a man's
character, disposition, or habits; a defect is also negative, and as
applied to character is the absence of anyything which is necessary to
its completeness or perfection; a foible is a less important weakness,
which we overlook or smile at. A man may have many failings, and yet
commit but few faults; or his faults and failings may be few, while
his foibles are obvious to all. The faults of a friend are often
palliated or explained away into mere defects, and the defects or
foibles of an enemy exaggerated into faults. "I have failings in
common with every human being, besides my own peculiar faults; but of
avarice I have generally held myself guiltless." Fox. "Presumption and
self-applause are the foibles of mankind." Waterland.
Fault
Fault (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Faulted; p. pr. & vb. n. Faulting.]
1. To charge with a fault; to accuse; to find fault with; to blame.
[Obs.]
For that I will not fault thee. Old Song.
2. (Geol.) To interrupt the continuity of (rock strata) by
displacement along a plane of fracture; -- chiefly used in the p.p.;
as, the coal beds are badly faulted.
Fault
Fault, v. i. To err; to blunder, to commit a fault; to do wrong.
[Obs.]
If after Samuel's death the people had asked of God a king, they
had not faulted. Latimer.
Faulter
Fault"er (?), n. One who commits a fault. [Obs.]
Behold the faulter here in sight. Fairfax.
Fault-finder
Fault"-find`er (?), n. One who makes a practice off discovering
others' faults and censuring them; a scold.
Fault-finding
Fault"-find`ing, n. The act of finding fault or blaming; -- used
derogatively. Also Adj.
Faultful
Fault"ful (?), a. Full of faults or sins. Shak.
Faultily
Fault"i*ly (?), adv. In a faulty manner.
Faultiness
Fault"i*ness, n. Quality or state of being faulty.
Round, even to faultiness. Shak.
Faulting
Fault"ing, n. (Geol.) The state or condition of being faulted; the
process by which a fault is produced.
Faultless
Fault"less, a. Without fault; not defective or imperfect; free from
blemish; free from incorrectness, vice, or offense; perfect; as, a
faultless poem.
Whoever thinks a faultless piece to see, Thinks what ne'er was, nor
is, nor e'er shall be. Pope.
Syn. -- Blameless; spotless; perfect. See Blameless. -- Fault"less*ly,
adv.-Fault"less*ness, n.
Faulty
Fault"y (?), a.
1. Containing faults, blemishes, or defects; imperfect; not fit for
the use intended.
Created once So goodly and erect, though faulty since. Milton.
2. Guilty of a fault, or of faults; hence, blamable; worthy of
censure. Shak.
The king doth speak . . . as one which is faulty. 2 Sam. xiv. 13.
Faun
Faun (?), n. [L. Faunus, fr. favere to be favorable. See Favor.] (Rom.
Myth.) A god of fields and shipherds, diddering little from the satyr.
The fauns are usually represented as half goat and half man.
Satyr or Faun, or Sylvan. Milton.
Fauna
Fau"na (?), n. [NL.: cf. F. faune. See Faun.] (Zo\'94l.) The animals
of any given area or epoch; as, the fauna of America; fossil fauna;
recent fauna.
Faunal
Fau"nal (?), a. Relating to fauna.
Faunist
Fau"nist (?), n. One who describes the fauna of country; a naturalist.
Gilbert White.
Faunus
Fau"nus (?), n.;pl. Fauni (#). [L.] (Myth.) See Faun.
Fausen
Fau"sen (?), n. [Cf. W. llysowen eel, ll sounding in Welsh almost like
fl.] (Zo\'94l.) A young eel. [Prov. Eng.]
Fausse-braye
Fausse`-braye" (?), n. [F. fausse-braie.] (Mil.) A second raampart,
exterior to, and parallel to, the main rampart, and considerably below
its level.
Fauteuil
Fau`teuil" (?), n. [F. See Faldistory.]
1. An armchair; hence (because the members sit in fauteuils or
armchairs), membership in the French Academy.
2. Chair of a presiding officer.
Fautor
Fau"tor (?), n. [L., contr. fr. favitor, fr. favere to be favorable:
cf. F. fauteur. See Favor.] A favorer; a patron; one who gives
countenance or support; an abettor. [Obs.]
The king and the fautors of his proceedings. Latimer.
Fautress
Fau"tress (?), n. [L. fauutrix: cf. F. fautrice.] A patroness. [Obs.]
Chapman.
Fauvette
Fau`vette" (?), n. [F., dim. fr. fauve fawn-colored.] (Zo\'94l.) A
small singing bird, as the nightingale and warblers.
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Faux
Faux (?), n.; pl. Fauces (#). [L.] See Fauces. <-- no pos in original
= n. -->
faux pas
faux` pas" (?). [F. See False, and Pas.] A false step; a mistake or
wrong measure.
Favaginous
Fa*vag"i*nous (?), a. [L. favus a honeycomb.] Formed like, or
resembling, a honeycomb.
Favas
Fa"vas (?), n. See Favus, n., 2. Fairholt.
Favel
Fa"vel (?), a. [OF. fauvel, favel, dim. of F. fauve; of German oigin.
See Fallow, a.] Yellow; fal [Obs.] Wright.
Favel
Fa"vel, n. A horse of a favel or dun color. To curry favel. See To
curry favor, under Favor, n.
Favel
Fa"vel, n. [OF. favele, fr. L. fabella short fable, dim. of fabula.
See Fable.] Flattery; cajolery; deceit. [Obs.] Skeat.
Favella
Fa*vel"la (?), n. [NL., prob. from L. favus a honeycomb.] (Bot.) A
group of spores arranged without order and covered with a thin
gelatinous envelope, as in certain delicate red alg\'91.
Faveolate
Fa*ve"o*late (?), a. [L. favus honeycomb.] Honeycomb; having cavities
or cells, somewhat resembling those of a honeycomb; alveolate; favose.
Favillous
Fa*vil"lous (?), a. [L. favilla sparkling or glowing asges.] Of or
pertaining to ashes. [Obs.]
Light and favollous particles. Sir T. Browne.
Favonian
Fa*vo"ni*an (?), a. [L. Favonius the west wind.] Pertaining to the
west wind; soft; mild; gentle.
Favor
Fa"vor (?), n. [Written also favour.] [OF. favor, F. faveur, L. favor,
fr. favere to be favorable, cf. Skr. bh\'bevaya to further, foster,
causative of bhBe. In the phrase to curry favor, favor is prob. for
favel a horse. See 2d Favel.]
1. Kind regard; propitious aspect; countenance; friendly disposition;
kindness; good will.
Hath crawled into the favor of the king. Shak.
2. The act of countenancing, or the condition of being countenanced,
or regarded propitiously; support; promotion; befriending.
But found no favor in his lady's eyes. Dryden.
And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God
and man. Luke ii. 52.
3. A kind act or office; kindness done or granted; benevolence shown
by word or deed; an act of grace or good will, as distinct from
justice or remuneration.
Beg one favor at thy gracious hand. Shak.
4. Mildness or mitigation of punishment; lenity.
I could not discover the lenity and fabor of this sentence. Swift.
5. The object of regard; person or thing favored.
All these his wondrous works, but chiefly man, His chief delight
and favor. Milton.
6. A gift or represent; something bestowed as an evidence of good
will; a token of love; a knot of ribbons; something worn as a token of
affection; as, a marriage favor is a bunch or knot of white ribbons or
white flowers worn at a wedding.
Wear thou this favor for me, and stick it in thy cap. Shak.
7. Appearance; look; countenance; face. [Obs.]
This boy is fair, of female favor. Shak.
8. (Law) Partiality; bias. Bouvier.
9. A letter or epistle; -- so called in civility or compliment; as,
your favor of yesterday is received.
10. pl. Love locks. [Obs.] Wright.
Challenge to the favor OR for favor (Law), the challenge of a juror on
grounds not sufficient to constitute a principal challenge, but
sufficient to give rise to a probable suspicion of favor or bias, such
as acquaintance, business relation, etc. See Principal challenge,
under Challenge. -- In favor of, upon the side of; favorable to; for
the advantage of. -- In favor with, favored, countenanced, or
encouraged by. -- To curry favor [see the etymology of Favor, above],
to seek to gain favor by flattery, caresses, kindness, or officious
civilities. -- With one's favor, OR By one's favor, with leave; by
kind permission.
But, with your favor, I will treat it here. Dryden.
Syn. -- Kindness; countenance; patronage; support; lenity; grace;
gift; present; benefit.
Favor
Fa"vor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Favored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Favoring.]
[Written also favour.] [Cf. OF. favorer, favorir. See Favor, n.]
1. To regard with kindness; to support; to aid, or to have the
disposition to aid, or to wish success to; to be propitious to; to
countenance; to treat with consideration or tenderness; to show
partiality or unfair bias towards.
O happy youth! and favored of the skies. Pope.
He that favoreth Joab, . . . let him go after Joab. 2 Sam. xx. 11.
[The painter] has favored her squint admirably. Swift.
2. To afford advantages for success to; to facilitate; as, a weak
place favored the entrance of the enemy.
3. To resemble in features; to have the aspect or looks of; as, the
child favors his father.
The porter owned that the gentleman favored his master. Spectator.
Favorable
Fa"vor*a*ble (?), a. [Written also favourable.] [F. favorable, L.
favorabilis favored, popular, pleasing, fr. favor. See Favor, n.]
1. Full of favor; favoring; manifesting partiality; kind; propitious;
friendly.
Lend favorable ears to our request. Shak.
Lord, thou hast been favorable unto thy land. Ps. lxxxv. 1.
2. Conducive; contributing; tending to promote or facilitate;
advantageous; convenient.
A place very favorable for the making levies of men. Clarendon.
The temper of the climate, favorable to generation, health, and
long life. Sir W. Temple.
3. Beautiful; well-favored. [Obs.] Spenser. -- Fa"vora*ble*ness, n. --
Fa"vor*a*bly, sdv.
The faborableness of the present times to all extertions in the
cause of liberty. Burke.
Favored
Fa"vored (?), a.
1. Countenanced; aided; regarded with kidness; as, a favored friend.
2. Having a certain favor or appearance; featured; as, well-favored;
hard-favored, etc.
Favoredly
Fa"vored*ly (?), adv. In a favored or a favorable manner; favorably.
[Obs.] Deut. xvii. 1. Arscham.
Favoredness
Fa"vored*ness, n. Appearance. [Obs.]
Favorer
Fa"vor*er (?), n. One who favors; one who regards with kindness or
friendship; a well-wisher; one who assists or promotes success or
prosperity. [Written also favourer.]
And come to us as favorers, not as foes. Shak.
Favoress
Fa"vor*ess (?), n. A woman who favors or gives countenance. [Written
also fovouress.]
Favoring
Fa"vor*ing, a. That favors. -- Fa"vor*ing*ly, adv.
Favorite
Fa"vor*ite (?), n. [OF. favorit favored, F. favori, fem. favorite,
p.p. of OF. favorir, cf. It. favorito, frm. favorita, fr. favorire to
favor. See Favor.]
1. A person or thing regarded with peculiar favor; one treated with
partiality; one preferred above others; especially, one unduly loved,
trusted, and enriched with favors by a person of high rank or
authority.
Committing to a wicked favorite All public cares. Milton.
2. pl. Short curls dangling over the temples; -- fashionable in the
reign of Charles II. [Obs.] Farquhar.
3. (Sporting) The competitor (as a horse in a race) that is judged
most likely to win; the competitor standing highest in the betting.
Favorite
Fa"vor*ite, a. Regarded with particular affection, esteem, or
preference; as, a favorite walk; a favorite child. "His favorite
argument." Macaulay.
Favoritism
Fa"vor*it*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. favoritisme.] The disposition to favor
and promote the interest of one person or family, or of one class of
men, to the neglect of others having equal claims; partiality.
A spirit of favoritism to the Bank of the United States. A.
Hamilton.
Favorless
Fa"vor*less, a.
1. Unfavored; not regarded with favor; having no countenance or
support.
2. Unpropitious; unfavorable. [Obs.] "Fortune favorless." Spenser.
Favose
Fa*vose" (?), a. [L. favus honeycomb.]
1. (Bot.) Honeycombed. See Faveolate.
2. (Med.) Of or pertaining to the disease called favus.
Favosite
Fav"o*site (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the genus
Favosites.
Favosites
Fav`o*si"tes (?), n. [NL. See Favose.] (Paleon.) A genus of fossil
corals abundant in the Silurian and Devonian rocks, having polygonal
cells with perforated walls.
Favus
Fa"vus (?), n. [L., honeycomb.]
1. (Med.) A disease of the scalp, produced by a vegetable parasite.
2. A tile or flagstone cut into an hexagonal shape to produce a
honeycomb pattern, as in a pavement; -- called also favas and sectila.
Mollett.
Fawe
Fawe (?), a. [See Fain.] Fain; glad; delighted. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fawkner
Fawk"ner (?), n. [See Falconer.] A falconer. [Obs.] Donne.
Fawn
Fawn (?), n. [OF. faon the young one of any beast, a fawn, F. faon a
fawn, for fedon, fr. L. fetus. See Fetus.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A young deer; a buck or doe of the first year. See Buck.
2. The young of an animal; a whelp. [Obs.]
[The tigress] . . . followeth . . . after her fawns. Holland.
3. A fawn color.
Fawn
Fawn, a. Of the color of a fawn; fawn-colored.
Fawn
Fawn, v. i. [Cf. F. faonner.] To bring forth a fawn.
Fawn
Fawn, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fawned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fawning.] [OE.
fawnen, fainen, fagnien, to rejoice, welcome, flatter, AS. f\'91gnian
to rejoice; akin to Icel. fagna to rejoice, welcome. See Fain.] To
court favor by low cringing, frisking, etc., as a dog; to flatter
meanly; -- often followed by on or upon.
You showed your teeth like apes, and fawned like hounds. Shak.
Thou with trembling fear, Or like a fawning parasite, obeyest.
Milton.
Courtiers who fawn on a master while they betray him. Macaulay.
Fawn
Fawn, n. A servile cringe or bow; mean flattery; sycophancy. Shak.
Fawn-colored
Fawn"-col`ored (?), a. Of the color of a fawn; light yellowish brown.
Fawner
Fawn"er (?), n. One who fawns; a sycophant.
Fawningly
Fawn"ing*ly, adv. In a fawning manner.
Faxed
Faxed (?), a. [AS. feaxede haired, fr. feax hair. Cf. Paxwax.] Hairy.
[Obs.] amden.
Fay
Fay (?), n. [F. f\'82e. See Fate, and cf. Fairy.] A fairy; an elf.
"Yellow-skirted fays." Milton.
Fay
Fay, n. [OF. fei, F. foi. See Faith.] Faith; as, by my fay. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Fay
Fay (f\'be), v. t. [imp. & p. p. fayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Faying.]
[OE. feien, v.t. & i., AS. f\'c7gan to join, unite; akin to OS.
f\'d3gian, D. voegen, OHG. fuogen, G. f\'81gen, Sw. foga. See Fair,
and cf. Fadge.] (Shipbuilding) To fit; to join; to unite closely, as
two pieces of wood, so as to make the surface fit together.
Fay
Fay, v. i. (Shipbuilding) To lie close together; to fit; to fadge; --
often with in, into, with, or together. Faying surface, that surface
of an object which comes with another object to which it is fastened;
-- said of plates, angle irons, etc., that are riveted together in
shipwork.
Fayalite
Fay"al*ite (?), n. [So called from the island Fayal.] (Min.) A black,
greenish, or brownish mineral of the chrysolite group. It is a
silicate of iron.
Fayence
Fa`y*ence" (?), n. See Fa.
Faytour
Fay"tour (?), n. See Faitour. [Obs.] Spenser.
Faze
Faze (?), v. t. See Feeze.
Fazzolet
Faz"zo*let` (?), n. [It. fazzoletto.] A handkerchief. [R.] percival.
Feaberry
Fea"ber*ry (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E. feabe, theabe, thape.] (Bot.) A
gooseberry. [Prov. Eng.] Prior.
Feague
Feague (?), v. t. [Cf. G. fegen to sweep, Icel. f\'91gia to cleanse,
polish, E. fair, fay, to fit, fey to cleanse.] To beat or whip; to
drive. [Obs.] Otway.
Feal
Fe"al (?), a. [OF. feal, feel, feeil, fedeil, F. fid\'8ale, L. fidelis
faithful, fr. fides faith. See Faith.] Faithful; loyal. [Obs.] Wright.
Fealty
Fe"al*ty (?), n. [OE. faute, OF. faut\'82, fealt\'82, feel\'82,
feelteit, fr. L. fidelitas, fr. fidelis faithful. See Feal, and cf.
Fidelity.]
1. Fidelity to one's lord; the feudal obligation by which the tenant
or vassal was bound to be faithful to his lord; the special oath by
which this obligation was assumed; fidelity to a superior power, or to
a government; loyality. It is no longer the practice to exact the
performance of fealty, as a feudal obligation. Wharton (Law Dict. ).
Tomlins.
2. Fidelity; constancy; faithfulness, as of a friend to a friend, or
of a wife to her husband.
He should maintain fealty to God. I. Taylor.
Makes wicked lightnings of her eyes, and saps The fealty of our
friends. tennyson.
Swore fealty to the new government. Macaulay.
NOTE: &hand; Fe alty is di stinguished fr om ho mage, wh ich is an
acknowledgment of tenure, while fealty implies an oath. See Homage.
Wharton. Syn. -- Homage; loyality; fidelity; constancy.
Fear
Fear (?), n. A variant of Fere, a mate, a companion. [Obs.] Spenser.
Fear
Fear, n. [OE. fer, feer, fere, AS. f a coming suddenly upon, fear,
danger; akin to D. vaar, OHG. f\'bera danger, G. gefahr, Icel. f\'ber
harm, mischief, plague, and to E. fare, peril. See Fare.]
1. A painful emotion or passion excited by the expectation of evil, or
the apprehension of impending danger; apprehension; anxiety;
solicitude; alarm; dread.
NOTE: &hand; Th e de grees of this passion, beginning with the most
moderate, may be thus expressed, -- apprehension, fear, dread,
fright, terror.
Fear is an uneasiness of the mind, upon the thought of future evil
likely to befall us. Locke.
Where no hope is left, is left no fear. Milton.
2. (Script.) (a) Apprehension of incurring, or solicitude to avoid,
God's wrath; the trembling and awful reverence felt toward the Supreme
Belng. (b) Respectful reverence for men of authority or worth.
I will put my fear in their hearts. Jer. xxxii. 40.
I will teach you the fear of the Lord. Ps. xxxiv. 11.
render therefore to all their dues; tribute to whom tribute is due
. . . fear to whom fear. Rom. xiii. 7.
3. That which causes, or which is the object of, apprehension or
alarm; source or occasion of terror; danger; dreadfulness.
There were they in great fear, where no fear was. Ps. liii. 5.
The fear of your adventure would counsel you to a more equal
enterprise. Shak.
For fear, in apprehension lest. "For fear you ne'er see chain nor
money more." Shak.
Fear
Fear, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Feared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fearing.] [OE.
feren, faeren, to frighten, to be afraid, AS. fFear, n.]
1. To feel a painful apprehension of; to be afraid of; to consider or
expect with emotion of alarm or solicitude.
I will fear no evil, for thou art with me. Ps. xxiii. 4.
NOTE: With subordinate clause.
I greatly fear my money is not safe. Shak.
I almost fear to quit your hand. D. Jerrold.
2. To have a reverential awe of; to solicitous to avoid the
displeasure of.
Leave them to God above; him serve and fear. Milton.
3. To be anxious or solicitous for. [R.]
The sins of the father are to be laid upon the children, therefore
. . . I fear you. Shak.
4. To suspect; to doubt. [Obs.]
Ay what else, fear you not her courage? Shak.
5. To affright; to terrify; to drive away or prevent approach of by
fear. z2
fera their people from doing evil. Robynsin (More's utopia).
Tush, tush! fear boys with bugs. Shak.
Syn. -- To apprehend; drad; reverence; venerate.
Fear
Fear, v. i. To be in apprehension of evil; to be afraid; to feel
anxiety on account of some expected evil.
I exceedingly fear and quake. Heb. xii. 21.
Fearer
Fear"er (?), n. One who fars. Sir P. Sidney.
Fearful
Fear"ful (?), a.
1. Full of fera, apprehension, or alarm; afraid; frightened.
Anxious amidst all their success, and fearful amidat all their
power. Bp. Warburton.
2. inclined to fear; easily frightened; without courage; timid.
What man is there that is fearful and fain-hearted? Deut. xx. 8.
3. Indicating, or caused by, fear.
Cold fearful drops stand on my trembling flesh. Shak.
4. Inspiring fear or awe; exciting apprehension or terror; terrible;
frightful; dreadful.
This glorious and fearful name, The Lord thy God. Deut. xxviii. 58.
Death is a fearful thing. Shak.
In dreams they fearful precipices tread. Dryden.
Syn. -- Apprehensive; afraid; timid; timorous; ho
Ferafully
Fera"ful*ly, adv. In a fearful manner.
Ferafulness
Fera"ful*ness, n. The state of being fearful.
Feraless
Fera"less, a. Free from fear. Syn. -- Bold; courageous; interpid;
valor -- Fear"less*ly, adv. -- Fera"less*ness, n.
Fearnaught
Fear"naught` (?), n.
1. A fearless person.
2. A stout woolen cloth of great thickness; dreadnaught; also, a warm
garment.
Fearsome
Fear"some (?) a.
1. Frightful; causing fear [Scotch] "This fearsome wind." Sir W. Scott
2
. Easily frightened; timid; timorous. "A silly fearsome thing." B.
Taylor
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Feasibility
Fea"si*bil*ity (?) n.; pl. Feasibilities (-tiz). [from Feasible] The
quality of being feasible; practicability; also, that which is
feasible; as, before we adopt a plan, let us consider its feasibility.
Men often swallow falsities for truths, dubiosities for
certainties, possibilities for feasibilities. Sir T. Browne.
Feasible
Fea"si*ble (?) a. [F. faisable, fr. faire to make or do, fr. L.
facere. See Fact, Feat.]
1. Capable of being done, executed, or effected; practicable.
Always existing before their eyes as a thing feasible in practice.
Burke.
It was not feasible to gratify so many ambitions. Beaconsfield.
2. Fit to be used or tailed, as land. [R.] R. Trumbull.
Fea"si*ble*ness, n. --Fea"si*bly, adv.
Feast
Feast (?), n. [OE. feste festival, holiday, feast, OF. feste festival,
F. f\'88te, fr. L. festum, pl. festa, fr. festus joyful, festal; of
uncertain origin. Cf. Fair, n., Festal, F.]
1. A festival; a holiday; a solemn, or more commonly, a joyous,
anniversary.
The seventh day shall be a feast to the Lord. Ex. xiii. 6.
Now his parents went to Jerusalem every year at the feast of the
passover. Luke ii. 41.
NOTE: &hand; Ec clesiastical fa sts ar e called immovable when they
always occur on the same day of the year; otherwise they are called
movable.
2. A festive or joyous meal; a grand, ceremonious, or sumptuous
entertainment, of which many guests partake; a banquet characterized
by tempting variety and abundance of food.
Enough is as good as a feast. Old Proverb.
Belshazzar the King made a great feast to a thousand of his lords.
Dan. v. 1.
3. That which is partaken of, or shared in, with delight; something
highly agreeable; entertainment.
The feast of reason, and the flow of soul. Pope.
Feast day, a holiday; a day set as a solemn commemo Syn. --
Entertainment; regale; banquet; treat; carousal; festivity; festival.
-- Feast, Banquet, Festival, Carousal. A feast sets before us viands
superior in quantity, variety, and abudance; a banquet is a luxurious
feast; a festival is the joyful celebration by good cheer of some
agreeable event. Carousal is unrestrained indulgence in frolic and
drink.
Feast
Feast, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Feasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Feasting.] [OE.
festen, cf. OF. fester to rest from work, F. f\'88ter to celebrate a
holiday. See Feast, n.]
1. To eat sumptuously; to dine or sup on rich provisions, particularly
in large companies, and on public festivals.
And his sons went and feasted in their houses. Job. i. 4.
2. To be highly gratified or delighted.
With my love's picture then my eye doth feast. Shak.
Feast
Feast, v. t.
1. To entertain with sumptuous provisions; to treat at the table
bountifully; as, he was feasted by the king. Hayward.
2. To delight; to gratify; as, to feast the soul.
Feast your ears with the music a while. Shak.
Feaster
Feast"er (?), n.
1. One who fares deliciously.
2. One who entertains magnificently. Johnson.
Feastful
Feast"ful (?), a. Festive; festal; joyful; sumptuous; luxurious.
"Feastful days." Milton. -- Feast"ful*ly, adv.
Feat
Feat (?), n. [OE. fet, OF. fet, fait, F. fait, factum, fr. L. facere,
factum, to make or do. Cf. Fact, Feasible, Do.]
1. An act; a deed; an exploit.
The warlike feats I have done. Shak.
2. A striking act of strength, skill, or cunning; a trick; as, feats
of horsemanship, or of dexterity.
Feat
Feat, v. t. To form; to fashion. [Obs.]
To the more mature, A glass that feated them. Shak.
Feat
Feat, a. [Compar. Feater (?); superl. Featest.] [F. fait made, shaped,
fit, p.p. of faire to make or do. See Feat, n.] Dexterous in movements
or service; skillful; neat; nice; pretty. [Archaic]
Never master had a page . . . so feat. Shak.
And look how well my garments sit upon me -- Much feater than
before. Shak.
Feat-bodied
Feat"-bod`ied (?), a. Having a feat or trim body. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Feateous
Feat"e*ous (?), a. [Cf. OF. faitis, faitice, fetis, well made, fine,
L. facticius made by art.] Dexterous; neat. [Obs.] Johnson. --
Feat"e*ous*ly, adv.
Feather
Feath"er (?), n. [OE. fether, AS. fe; akin to D. veder, OHG. fedara,
G. feder, Icel. fj\'94, Sw. fj\'84der, Dan. fj\'91der, Gr. pattra
wing, feathr, pat to fly, and prob. to L. penna feather, wing.
&root;76, 248. Cf. Pen a feather.]
1. One of the peculiar dermal appendages, of several kinds, belonging
to birds, as contour feathers, quills, and down.
NOTE: &hand; An or dinary fe ather consists of the quill or hollow
basal part of the stem; the shaft or rachis, forming the upper,
solid part of the stem; the vanes or webs, implanted on the rachis
and consisting of a series of slender lamin\'91 or barbs, which
usually bear barbicels and interlocking hooks by which they are
fastened together. See Down, Quill, Plumage.
2. Kind; nature; species; -- from the proverbial phrase, "Birds of a
feather," that is, of the same species. [R.]
I am not of that feather to shake off My friend when he must need
me. Shak.
3. The fringe of long hair on the legs of the setter and some other
dogs.
4. A tuft of peculiar, long, frizzly hair on a horse.
5. One of the fins or wings on the shaft of an arrow.
6. (Mach. & Carp.) A longitudinal strip projecting as a fin from an
object, to strengthen it, or to enter a channel in another object and
thereby prevent displacement sidwise but permit motion lengthwise; a
spline.
7. A thin wedge driven between the two semicylindrical parts of a
divided plug in a hole bored in a stone, to rend the stone. Knight.
8. The angular adjustment of an oar or paddle-wheel float, with
reference to a horizontal axis, as it leaves or enters the water.
NOTE: &hand; Feather is used adjectively or in combination, meaning
composed of, or resembling, a feather or feathers; as, feather fan,
feather-heeled, feather duster.
Feather alum (Min.), a hydrous sulphate of alumina, resulting from
volcanic action, and from the decomposition of iron pyrites; -- called
also halotrichite. Ure. -- Feather bed, a bed filled with feathers. --
Feather driver, one who prepares feathers by beating. -- Feather
duster, a dusting brush of feathers. -- Feather flower, an artifical
flower made of feathers, for ladies' headdresses, and other ornamental
purposes. -- Feather grass (Bot.), a kind of grass (Stipa pennata)
which has a long feathery awn rising from one of the chaffy scales
which inclose the grain. -- Feather maker, one who makes plumes, etc.,
of feathers, real or artificial. -- Feather ore (Min.), a sulphide of
antimony and lead, sometimes found in capillary forms and like a
cobweb, but also massive. It is a variety of Jamesonite. -- Feather
shot, OR Feathered shot (Metal.), copper granulated by pouring into
cold water. Raymond. -- Feather spray (Naut.), the spray thrown up,
like pairs of feathers, by the cutwater of a fast-moving vessel. --
Feather star. (Zo\'94l.) See Comatula. -- Feather weight. (Racing) (a)
Scrupulously exact weight, so that a feather would turn the scale,
when a jockey is weighed or weighted. (b) The lightest weight that can
be put on the back of a horse in racing. Youatt. (c) In wrestling,
boxing, etc., a term applied to the lightest of the classes into which
contestants are divided; -- in contradistinction to light weight,
middle weight, and heavy weight. A feather in the cap an honour,
trophy, or mark of distinction. [Colloq.] -- To be in full feather, to
be in full dress or in one's best clothes. [Collog.] -- To be in high
feather, to be in high spirits. [Collog.] -- To cut a feather. (a)
(Naut.) To make the water foam in moving; in allusion to the ripple
which a ship throws off from her bows. (b) To make one's self
conspicuous.[Colloq.] -- To show the white feather, to betray
cowardice, -- a white feather in the tail of a cock being considered
an indication that he is not of the true game breed.
Feather
Feath"er (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Feathered (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
Feathering.]
1. To furnish with a feather or feathers, as an arrow or a cap.
An eagle had the ill hap to be struck with an arrow feathered from
her own wing. L'Estrange.
2. To adorn, as with feathers; to fringe.
A few birches and oaks still feathered the narrow ravines. Sir W.
Scott.
3. To render light as a feather; to give wings to.[R.]
The Polonian story perhaps may feather some tedions hours. Loveday.
4. To enrich; to exalt; to benefit.
They stuck not to say that the king cared not to plume his nobility
and people to feather himself. Bacon.
Dryden.
5. To tread, as a cock. Dryden.
To feather one's nest, to provide for one's self especially from
property belonging to another, confided to one's care; -- an
expression taken from the practice of birds which collect feathers for
the lining of their nests. -- To feather an oar (Naut), to turn it
when it leaves the water so that the blade will be horizontal and
offer the least resistance to air while reaching for another stroke.
-- To tar and feather a person, to smear him with tar and cover him
with feathers, as a punishment or an indignity.
Feather
Feath"er, v. i.
1. To grow or form feathers; to become feathered; -- often with out;
as, the birds are feathering out.
2. To curdle when poured into another liquid, and float about in
little flakes or "feathers;" as, the cream feathers [Colloq.]
3. To turn to a horizontal plane; -- said of oars.
The feathering oar returns the gleam. Tickell.
Stopping his sculls in the air to feather accurately. Macmillan's
Mag.
4. To have the appearance of a feather or of feathers; to be or to
appear in feathery form.
A clump of ancient cedars feathering in evergreen beauty down to
the ground. Warren.
The ripple feathering from her bows. Tennyson.
Feather-brained/
Feath"er-brained/ (?), a. Giddy; frivolous; feather-headed. [Colloq.]
Feathered
Feath"ered (?), a.
1. Clothed, covered, or fitted with (or as with) feathers or wings;
as, a feathered animal; a feathered arrow.
Rise from the ground like feathered Mercury. Shak.
Nonsense feathered with soft and delicate phrases and pointed with
pathetic accent. Dr. J. Scott.
2. Furnished with anything featherlike; ornamented; fringed; as, land
feathered with trees.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Having a fringe of feathers, as the legs of certian
birds; or of hairs, as the legs of a setter dog.
4. (Her.) Having feathers; -- said of an arrow, when the feathers are
of a tincture different from that of the shaft.
Feather-edge/
Feath"er-edge/ (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) The thin, new growth around the edge of a shell, of an
oyster.
2. Any thin, as on a board or a razor.
Feather-edged/
Feath"er-edged/ (?), a. Having a feather-edge; also, having one edge
thinner than the other, as a board; -- in the United States, said only
of stuff one edge of which is made as thin as practicable.
Feather-few/
Feath"er-few/ (?), n. (Bot.) Feverfew.
Feather-foil
Feath"er-foil` (?), n. [Feather + foil a leaf.] (Bot.) An aquatic
plant (Hottonia palustris), having finely divided leaves.
Feather-head
Feath"er-head` (?), n. A frivolous or featherbrained person. [Colloq.]
H. James.
Feather-headed
Feath"er-head`ed (?), a. Giddy; frivolous; foolish. [Colloq.] G.
Eliot.
Feather-heeled
Feath"er-heeled` (?), a. Light-heeled; gay; frisky; frolicsome.
[Colloq.]
Featherness
Feath"er*ness (?), n. The state or condition of being feathery.
Feathering
Feath"er*ing, n.
1. (Arch.) Same as Foliation.
2. The act of turning the blade of the oar, as it rises from the water
in rowing, from a vertical to a horizontal position. See To feather an
oar, under Feather, v. t.
3. A covering of feathers.
Feathering float (Naut.), the float or paddle of a feathering wheel.
-- Feathering screw (Naut.), a screw propeller, of which the blades
may be turned so as to move edgewise through the water when the vessel
is moving under sail alone. -- Feathering wheel (Naut.), a paddle
wheel whose floats turn automatically so as to dip about
perpendicularly into the water and leave in it the same way, avoiding
beating on the water in the descent and lifting water in the ascent.
Featherless
Feath"er*less, a. Destitute of feathers.
Featherly
Feath"er*ly, a. Like feathers. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Feather-pated
Feath"er-pat"ed (?), a. Feather-headed; frivolous. [Colloq.] Sir W.
Scott.
Feather-veined
Feath"er-veined` (?), a. (Bot.) Having the veins (of a leaf) diverging
from the two sides of a midrib.
Featery
Feat"er*y (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, feathers; covered
with, or as with, feathers; as, feathery spray or snow. Milton.
Ye feathery people of mid air. Barry Cornwall.
Featly
Feat"ly (?), adv. [From Feat, a.] Neatly; dexterously; nimbly.
[Archaic]
Foot featly here and there. Shak.
Featness
Feat"ness, n. Skill; adroitness. [Archaic] Johnson.
Feature
Fea"ture (?; 135), n. [OE. feture form, shape, feature, OF. faiture
fashion, make, fr. L. factura a making, formation, fr. facere, factum,
to make. See Feat, Fact, and cf. Facture.]
1. The make, form, or outward appearance of a person; the whole turn
or style of the body; esp., good appearance.
What needeth it his feature to descrive? Chaucer.
Cheated of feature by dissembling nature. Shak.
2. The make, cast, or appearance of the human face, and especially of
any single part of the face; a lineament. (pl.) The face, the
countenance.
It is for homely features to keep home. Milton.
3. The cast or structure of anything, or of any part of a thing, as of
a landscape, a picture, a treaty, or an essay; any marked peculiarity
or characteristic; as, one of the features of the landscape.
And to her service bind each living creature Through secret
understanding of their feature. Spenser.
4. A form; a shape. [R.]
So scented the grim feature, and upturned His nostril wide into the
murky air. Milton.
Featured
Fea"tured (?; 135), a.
1. Shaped; fashioned.
How noble, young, how rarely featured! Shak.
2. Having features; formed into features.
The well-stained canvas or the featured stone. Young.
Featureless
Fea"ture*less (?; 135), a. Having no distinct or distinctive features.
Featurely
Fea"ture*ly, a. Having features; showing marked peculiarities;
handsome. [R.]
Featurely warriors of Christian chivalry. Coleridge.
Feaze
Feaze (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Feazed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Feazing.]
[Cf. OE. faseln to ravel, fr. AS. f\'91s fringe; akin to G. fasen to
separate fibers or threads, fasen, faser, thread, filament, OHG.
faso.] To untwist; to unravel, as the end of a rope. Johnson.
Feaze
Feaze, v. t. [See Feese.<-- now faze-->] To beat; to chastise; also,
to humble; to harass; to worry. [Obs.] insworth.
Feaze
Feaze, n. A state of anxious or fretful excitement; worry; vexation.
[Obs.]
Feazings
Feaz"ings (?), n. pl. [See Feaze, v. t.] (Naut.) The unlaid or ragged
end of a rope. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Febricitate
Fe*bric"i*tate (?), v. i. [L. febricitare, fr. febris. See Febrile.]
To have a fever. [Obs.] Bailey.
Febriculose
Fe*bric"u*lose` (?), a. [L. febriculosus.] Somewhat feverish. [Obs.]
Johnson.
Febrifacient
Feb`ri*fa"cient (?), a. [L. febris fever + faciens, p.pr. of facere to
make.] Febrific. Dunglison. -- n. That which causes fever. Beddoes.
Febriferous
Fe*brif"er*ous (?), a. [L. febris fever + -ferous.] Causing fever; as,
a febriferous locality.
Febrific
Fe*brif"ic (?), a. [L. febris fever + ficare (in comp.) to make. See
fy-.] Producing fever. Dunglison.
Febrifugal
Fe*brif"u*gal (? OR ?), a. [See Febrifuge.] Having the quality of
mitigating or curing fever. Boyle.
Febrifuge
Feb"ri*fuge (?), n. [L. febris fever + fugare to put to flight, from
fugere to flee: cf. F. f\'82brifuge. see Febrile, Feverfew.] (Med.) A
medicine serving to mitigate or remove fever. -- a. Antifebrile.
Febrile
Fe"brile (?; 277), a. [F. f\'82brile, from L. febris fever. See
Fever.] Pertaining to fever; indicating fever, or derived from it; as,
febrile symptoms; febrile action. Dunglison.
February
Feb"ru*a*ry (?), n. [L. Februarius, orig., the month of expiation,
because on the fifteenth of this month the great feast of expiation
and purification was held, fr. februa, pl., the Roman festival or
purification; akin to februare to purify, expiate.] The second month
in the year, said to have been introduced into the Roman calendar by
Numa. In common years this month contains twenty-eight days; in the
bissextile, or leap year, it has twenty-nine days.
Februation
Feb`ru*a"tion (?), n. [L. februatio. See february.] Purification; a
sacrifice. [Obs.] Spenser.
Fecal
Fe"cal (?), a. [Cf. F. f\'82cal. See Feces.] relating to, or
containing, dregs, feces, or ordeure; f\'91cal.
Fecche
Fec"che (?), v. t. To fetch. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Feces
Fe"ces (?), n. pl. dregs; sediment; excrement. See F\'92ces.
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Fecial
Fe"cial (?), a. [L. fetialis belonging to the fetiales, the Roman
priests who sanctioned treaties and demanded satisfaction from the
enemy before a formal declaration of war.] Pertaining to heralds,
declarations of war, and treaties of peace; as, fecial law. Kent.
Fecifork
Fe"ci*fork` (?), n. [Feces + fork.] (Zo\'94l.) The anal fork on which
the larv\'91 of certain insects carry their f\'91ces.
Feckless
Feck"less (?), a. [Perh. a corruption of effectless.] Spiritless;
weak; worthless. [Scot]
Fecks
Fecks (?), n. A corruption of the word faith. Shak.
Fecula
Fec"u*la (?), n.; pl. Fecul\'92 [L.fae burnt tartar or salt of tartar,
dim. of faex, faecis, sediment, dregs: cf. F. f\'82cule.] Any
pulverulent matter obtained from plants by simply breaking down the
texture, washing with water, and subsidence. Especially: (a) The
nutritious part of wheat; starch or farina; -- called also amylaceous
fecula. (b) The green matter of plants; chlorophyll.
Feculence
Fec"u*lence (?), n. [L. faeculentia dregs, filth: cf. F.
f\'82culence.]
1. The state or quality of being feculent; muddiness; foulness.
2. That which is feculent; sediment; lees; dregs.
Feculency
Fec"u*len*cy (?), n. Feculence.
Feculent
Fec"u*lent (?), a. [L. faeculentus, fr. faecula: cf. F. f\'82culent.
See Fecula.] Foul with extraneous or impure substances; abounding with
sediment or excrementitious matter; muddy; thick; turbid.
Both his hands most filthy feculent. Spenser.
Fecund
Fec"und (?), a. [L. fecundus, from the root of fetus: cf. F.
f\'82cond. see Fetus.] Fruitful in children; prolific. Graunt.
Fecundate
Fec"un*date (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fecundated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fecundating (?).] [L. fecundare, fr. fecundus. See Fecund.]
1. To make fruitful or prolific. W. Montagu.
2. (Biol.) To render fruitful or prolific; to impregnate; as, in
flowers the pollen fecundates the ovum through the stigma.
Fecundation
Fec`un*da"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. f\'82condation.] (Biol.) The act by
which, either in animals or plants, material prepared by the
generative organs the female organism is brought in contact with
matter from the organs of the male, so that a new organism results;
impregnation; fertilization.
Fecundify
Fe*cun"di*fy (?), v. t. [Fecund + -fy.] To make fruitful; to
fecundate. Johnson.
Fecundity
Fe*cun"di*ty (?), n. [L. fecunditas: cf. F. f\'82condit\'82. See
Fecund.]
1. The quality or power of producing fruit; fruitfulness; especially
(Biol.), the quality in female organisms of reproducing rapidly and in
great numbers.
2. The power of germinating; as in seeds.
3. The power of bringing forth in abundance; fertility; richness of
invention; as, the fecundity of God's creative power. Bentley.
Fed
Fed (?), imp. & p. p. of Feed.
Fedary
Fed"a*ry (?), n. A feodary. [Obs.] Shak.
Federal
Fed"er*al (?), a. [L. foedus league, treaty, compact; akin to fides
faith: cf. F. f\'82d\'82ral. see Faith.]
1. Pertaining to a league or treaty; derived from an agreement or
covenant between parties, especially between nations; constituted by a
compact between parties, usually governments or their representatives.
The Romans compelled them, contrary to all federal right, . . . to
part with Sardinia. Grew.
2. Specifically: (a) Composed of states or districts which retain only
a subordinate and limited sovereignty, as the Union of the United
States, or the Sonderbund of Switzerland. (b) Consisting or pertaining
to such a government; as, the Federal Constitution; a Federal officer.
(c) Friendly or devoted to such a government; as, the Federal party.
see Federalist.
Federal Congress. See under Congress.
Federal
Fed"er*al, n. See Federalist.
Federalism
Fed"er*al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. f\'82d\'82ralisme.] the principles of
Federalists or of federal union.
Federalist
Fed"er*al*ist, n. [Cf. F. f\'82d\'82raliste.] An advocate of
confederation; specifically (Amer. Hist.), a friend of the
Constitution of the United States at its formation and adoption; a
member of the political party which favored the administration of
president Washington.
Federalize
Fed"er*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Federalized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Federalizing (?).] [Cf. F. f\'82d\'82raliser.] To unite in compact,
as different States; to confederate for political purposes; to unite
by or under the Federal Constitution. Barlow.
Federary
Fed"er*a*ry (?), n. [See Federal.] A partner; a confederate; an
accomplice. [Obs.] hak.
Federate
Fed"er*ate (?), a. [L. foederatus, p.p. of foederare to establish by
treaty or league, fr. foedus. See Federal.] United by compact, as
sovereignties, states, or nations; joined in confederacy; leagued;
confederate; as, federate nations.
Federation
Fed`er*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. f\'82d\'82ration.]
1. The act of uniting in a league; confederation.
2. A league; a confederacy; a federal or confederated government.
Burke.
Federative
Fed"er*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. f\'82d\'82ratif.] Uniting in a league;
forming a confederacy; federal. "A federative society." Burke.
Fedity
Fed"i*ty (?), n. [L. foeditas, fr. foedus foul, fikthy.] Turpitude;
vileness. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Fee
Fee (?), n. [OE. fe, feh, feoh, cattle, property, money, fiet, AS.
feoh cattle, property, money; the senses of "property, money," arising
from cattle being used in early times as a medium of exchange or
payment, property chiefly consisting of cattle; akin to OS. feuh
cattle, property, D. vee cattle, OHG. fihu, fehu, G. vieh, Icel. f
cattle, property, money, Goth. fa\'a1hu, L. pecus cattle, pecunia
property. money, Skr. pa cattle, perh. orig., "a fastened or tethered
animal," from a root signifying to bind, and perh. akin to E. fang,
fair, a.; cf. OF. fie, flu, feu, fleu, fief, F. fief, from German, of
the same origin. the sense fief is due to the French. Feud, Fief,
Fellow, Pecuniary.]
1. property; possession; tenure. "Laden with rich fee." Spenser.
Once did she hold the gorgeous East in fee. Wordsworth.
2. Reward or compensation for services rendered or to be rendered;
especially, payment for professional services, of optional amount, or
fixed by custom or laws; charge; pay; perquisite; as, the fees of
lawyers and physicians; the fees of office; clerk's fees; sheriff's
fees; marriage fees, etc.
To plead for love deserves more fee than hate. Shak.
3. (Feud. Law) A right to the use of a superior's land, as a stipend
for services to be performed; also, the land so held; a fief.
4. (Eng. Law) An estate of inheritance supposed to be held either
mediately or immediately from the sovereign, and absolutely vested in
the owner.
NOTE: &hand; Al l the land in England, except the crown land, is of
this kind. An absolute fee, or fee simple, is land which a man
holds to himself and his heirs forever, who are called tenants in
fee simple. In modern writers, by fee is usually meant fee simple.
A limited fee may be a qualitified or base fee, which ceases with
the existence of certain conditions; or a conditional fee, or fee
tail, which is limited to particular heirs.
Blackstone.
5. (Amer. Law) An estate of inheritance belonging to the owner, and
transmissible to his heirs, absolutely and simply, without condition
attached to the tenure.
Fee estate (Eng. Law), land or tenements held in fee in consideration
or some acknowledgment or service rendered to the lord. -- Fee farm
(Law), land held of another in fee, in consideration of an annual
rent, without homage, fealty, or any other service than that mentioned
in the feoffment; an estate in fee simple, subject to a perpetual
rent. Blackstone. -- Fee farm rent (Eng. Law), a perpetual rent
reserved upon a conveyance in fee simple. -- Fee fund (Scot. Law),
certain court dues out of which the clerks and other court officers
are paid. -- Fee simple (Law), an absolute fee; a fee without
conditions or limits.
Buy the fee simple of my life for an hour and a quarter. Shak.
-- Fee tail (Law), an estate of inheritance, limited and restrained to
some particular heirs. Burill.
Fee
Fee (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Feed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Feeing.] To
reward for services performed, or to be performed; to recompense; to
hire or keep in hire; hence, to bribe.
The patient . . . fees the doctor. Dryden.
There's not a one of them but in his house I keep a servant feed.
Shak.
Feeble
Fee"ble (?), a. [Compar. Feebler (?); superl. Feeblest (?).] [OE.
feble, OF. feble, flebe, floibe, floible, foible, F. faible, L.
flebilis to be wept over, lamentable, wretched, fr. flere to weep. Cf.
Foible.]
1. Deficient in physical strenght; weak; infirm; debilitated.
Carried all the feeble of them upon asses. 2 Chron. xxviii. 15.
2. Wanting force, vigor, or efficiency in action or expression; not
full, loud, bright, strong, rapid, etc.; faint; as, a feeble color;
feeble motion. "A lady's feeble voice." Shak.
Feeble
Fee"ble, v. t. To make feble; to enfeeble. [Obs.]
Shall that victorious hand be feebled here? Shak.
Feeble-minded
Fee"ble-mind"ed (?), a. Weak in intellectual power; wanting firmness
or constancy; irresolute; vacilating; imbecile. "comfort the
feeble-minded." 1 Thess. v. 14. -- Fee"ble-mind"ed*ness, n.
Feebleness
Fee"ble*ness, n. The quality or condition of being feeble; debility;
infirmity.
That shakes for age and feebleness. Shak.
Feebly
Fee"bly (?), adv. In a feeble manner.
The restored church . . . contended feebly, and with half a heart.
Macaulay.
Feed
Feed (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Feeding (?).]
[AS. f, fr. f food; akin to C?. f, OFries f, f, D. voeden, OHG.
fuottan, Icel. f\'91, Sw. f\'94da, Dan. f\'94de. Food.]
1. To give food to; to supply with nourishment; to satisfy the
physical huger of.
If thine enemy hunger, feed him. Rom. xii. 20.
Unreasonable reatures feed their young. Shak.
2. To satisfy; grafity or minister to, as any sense, talent, taste, or
desire.
I will feed fat the ancient grudge I bear him. Shak.
Feeding him with the hope of liberty. Knolles.
3. To fill the wants of; to supply with that which is used or wasted;
as, springs feed ponds; the hopper feeds the mill; to feed a furnace
with coal.
4. To nourish, in a general sense; to foster, strengthen, develop, and
guard.
Thou shalt feed people Israel. 2 Sam. v. 2.
Mightiest powers by deepest calms are feed. B. Cornwall.
5. To graze; to cause to be cropped by feeding, as herbage by cattle;
as, if grain is too forward in autumn, feed it with sheep.
Once in three years feed your mowing lands. Mortimer.
6. To give for food, especially to animals; to furnish for
consumption; as, to feed out turnips to the cows; to feed water to a
steam boiler.
7. (Mach.) (a) To supply (the material to be operated upon) to a
machine; as, to feed paper to a printing press. (b) To produce
progressive operation upon or with (as in wood and metal working
machines, so that the work moves to the cutting tool, or the tool to
the work).
Feed
Feed, v. i.
1. To take food; to eat.
Her kid . . . which I afterwards killed because it would not feed.
De Foe.
2. To subject by eating; to satisfy the appetite; to feed one's self
(upon something); to prey; -- with on or upon.
Leaving thy trunk for crows to feed upon. Shak.
3. To be nourished, strengthened, or satisfied, as if by food. "He
feeds upon the cooling shade." Spenser.
4. To place cattle to feed; to pasture; to graze.
If a man . . . shall put in his beast, and shall feed in anotheEx.
xxii. 5.
Feed
Feed (?), n.
1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay;
grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep.
2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak.
3. An allowance of provender given to a horse, cow, etc.; a meal; as,
a feed of corn or oats.
4. A meal, or the act of eating. [R.]
For such pleasure till that hour At feed or fountain never had I
found. Milton.
5. The water supplied to steam boilers.
6. (Mach.) (a) The motion, or act, of carrying forward the stuff to be
operated upon, as cloth to the needle in a sewing machine; or of
producing progressive operation upon any material or object in a
machine, as, in a turning lathe, by moving the cutting tool along or
in the work. (b) The supply of material to a machine, as water to a
steam boiler, coal to a furnace, or grain to a run of stones. (c) The
mechanism by which the action of feeding is produced; a feed motion.
Feed bag, a nose bag containing feed for a horse or mule. -- Feed
cloth, an apron for leading cotton, wool, or other fiber, into a
machine, as for carding, etc. -- Feed door, a door to a furnace, by
which to supply coal. -- Feed head. (a) A cistern for feeding water by
gravity to a steam boiler. (b) (Founding) An excess of metal above a
mold, which serves to render the casting more compact by its pressure;
-- also called a riser, deadhead, or simply feed or head Knight. --
Feed heater. (a) (Steam Engine) A vessel in which the feed water for
the boiler is heated, usually by exhaust steam. (b) A boiler or kettle
in which is heated food for stock. -- Feed motion, OR Feed gear
(Mach.), the train of mechanism that gives motion to the part that
directly produces the feed in a machine. -- Feed pipe, a pipe for
supplying the boiler of a steam engine, etc., with water. -- Feed
pump, a force pump for supplying water to a steam boiler, etc. -- Feed
regulator, a device for graduating the operation of a feeder. Knight.
-- Feed screw, in lathes, a long screw employed to impart a regular
motion to a tool rest or tool, or to the work. -- Feed water, water
supplied to a steam boiler, etc. -- Feed wheel (Mach.), a kind of
feeder. See Feeder, n., 8.
Feeder
Feed"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, gives food or supplies nourishment;
steward.
A couple of friends, his chaplain and feeder. Goldsmith.
2. One who furnishes incentives; an encourager. "The feeder of my
riots." Shak.
3. One who eats or feeds; specifically, an animal to be fed or
fattened.
With eager feeding, food doth choke the feeder. Shak.
4. One who fattens cattle for slaughter.
5. A stream that flows into another body of water; a tributary;
specifically (Hydraulic Engin.), a water course which supplies a canal
or reservoir by gravitation or natural flow.
6. A branch railroad, stage line, or the like; a side line which
increases the business of the main line.
7. (Mining) (a) A small lateral lode falling into the main lode or
mineral vein. Ure. (b) A strong discharge of gas from a fissure; a
blower. Raymond.
8. (Mach.) An auxiliary part of a machine which supplies or leads
along the material operated upon.
9. (Steam Engine) A device for supplying steam boilers with water as
needed.
Feeding
Feed"ing, n.
1. the act of eating, or of supplying with food; the process of
fattening.
2. That which is eaten; food.
3. That which furnishes or affords food, especially for animals;
pasture land.
Feeding bottle. See under Bottle.
Fee-faw-fum
Fee`-faw`-fum" (?), n. A nonsensical exclamation attributed to giants
and ogres; hence, any expression calculated to impose upon the timid
and ignorant. "Impudent fee-faw-fums." J. H. Newman.
Feejee
Fee"jee (?), a. & n. (Ethnol) See Fijian.
Feel
Feel (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Felt (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Feeling.] [AS.
f; akin to OS. gif to perceive, D. voelen to feel, OHG. fuolen, G.
f\'81hlen, Icel. f\'belma to grope, and prob. to AS. folm paim of the
hand, L. palma. Cf. Fumble, Palm.]
1. To perceive by the touch; to take cognizance of by means of the
nerves of sensation distributed all over the body, especially by those
of the skin; to have sensation excited by contact of (a thing) with
the body or limbs.
Who feel Those rods of scorpions and those whips of steel. Creecn.
2. To touch; to handle; to examine by touching; as, feel this piece of
silk; hence, to make trial of; to test; often with out.
Come near, . . . that I may feel thee, my son. Gen. xxvii. 21.
He hath this to feel my affection to your honor. Shak.
3. To perceive by the mind; to have a sense of; to experience; to be
affected by; to be sensible of, or sensetive to; as, to feel pleasure;
to feel pain.
Teach me to feel another's woe. Pope.
Whoso keepeth the commandment shall feel no evil thing. Eccl. viii.
5.
He best can paint them who shall feel them most. Pope.
Mankind have felt their strength and made it felt. Byron.
4. To take internal cognizance of; to be conscious of; to have an
inward persuasion of.
For then, and not till then, he felt himself. Shak.
5. To perceive; to observe. [Obs.] Chaucer.
To feel the helm (Naut.), to obey it.
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Feel
Feel (?), v. i.
1. To have perception by the touch, or by contact of anything with the
nerves of sensation, especially those upon the surface of the body.
2. To have the sensibilities moved or affected.
[She] feels with the dignity of a Roman matron. Burke.
And mine as man, who feel for all mankind. Pope.
3. To be conscious of an inward impression, state of mind, persuasion,
physical condition, etc.; to perceive one's self to be; -- followed by
an adjective describing the state, etc.; as, to feel assured, grieved,
persuaded.
I then did feel full sick. Shak.
4. To know with feeling; to be conscious; hence, to know certainly or
without misgiving.
Garlands . . . which I feel I am not worthy yet to wear. Shak.
5. To appear to the touch; to give a perception; to produce an
impression by the nerves of sensation; -- followed by an adjective
describing the kind of sensation.
Blind men say black feels rough, and white feels smooth. Dryden.
To feel after, to search for; to seek to find; to seek as a person
groping in the dark. "If haply they might feel after him, and find
him." Acts xvii. 27. - To feel of, to examine by touching.
Feel
Feel (?), n.
1. Feeling; perception. [R.]
To intercept and have a more kindly feel of its genial warmth.
Hazlitt.
2. A sensation communicated by touching; impression made upon one who
touches or handles; as, this leather has a greasy feel.
The difference between these two tumors will be distinguished by
the feel. S. Sharp.
Feeler
Feel"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, feels.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the sense organs or certain animals (as insects),
which are used in testing objects by touch and in searching for food;
an antenna; a palp.
Insects . . . perpetually feeling and searching before them with
their feelers or antenn\'91. Derham.
3. Anything, as a proposal, observation, etc., put forth or thrown out
in order to ascertain the views of others; something tentative.
Feeling
Feel"ing, a.
1. Possessing great sensibility; easily affected or moved; as, a
feeling heart.
2. Expressive of great sensibility; attended by, or evincing,
sensibility; as, he made a feeling representation of his wrongs.
Feeling
Feel"ing, n.
1. The sense by which the mind, through certain nerves of the body,
perceives external objects, or certain states of the body itself; that
one of the five senses which resides in the general nerves of
sensation distributed over the body, especially in its surface; the
sense of touch; nervous sensibility to external objects.
Why was the sight To such a tender ball as the eye confined, . . .
And not, as feeling, through all parts diffused? Milton.
2. An act or state of perception by the sense above described; an act
of apprehending any object whatever; an act or state of apprehending
the state of the soul itself; consciousness.
The apprehension of the good Gives but the greater feeling to the
worse. Shak.
3. The capacity of the soul for emotional states; a high degree of
susceptibility to emotions or states of the sensibility not dependent
on the body; as, a man of feeling; a man destitute of feeling.
4. Any state or condition of emotion; the exercise of the capacity for
emotion; any mental state whatever; as, a right or a wrong feeling in
the heart; our angry or kindly feelings; a feeling of pride or of
humility.
A fellow feeling makes one wondrous kind. Garrick.
Tenderness for the feelings of others. Macaulay.
5. That quality of a work of art which embodies the mental emotion of
the artist, and is calculated to affect similarly the spectator.
Fairholt.
Syn. -- Sensation; emotion; passion; sentiment; agitation; opinion.
See Emotion, Passion, Sentiment.
Feelingly
Feel"ing*ly, adv. In a feeling manner; pathetically; sympathetically.
Feere
Feere (?), n. [See Fere, n.] A consort, husband or wife; a companion;
a fere. [Obs.]
Feese
Feese (?), n. [Cf. OE. fesien to put to flight, AS. f\'c7sian,
f\'dfsian, f\'dfsan, fr. f\'d4s, prompt, willing.] the short run
before a leap. [Obs.] Nares.
Feet
Feet (?), n. pl. See Foot.
Feet
Feet, n. [See Feat, n.] Fact; performance. [Obs.]
Feetless
Feet"less, a. Destitute of feet; as, feetless birds.
Feeze
Feeze (?), v. t. [For sense 1, cf. F. visser to screw, vis screw, or
1st E. feaze, v.t.: for sense 2, see Feese.]
1. To turn, as a screw. [Scot] Jamieson.
2. To beat; to chastise; to humble; to worry. [Obs.] [Written also
feaze, feize, pheese.] Beau. & Fl.
To feeze up, to work into a passion. [Obs.]
Feeze
Feeze, n. Fretful excitement. [Obs.] See Feaze.
Fehling
Feh"ling (?), n. (Chem.) See Fehling's solution, under Solution.
Fehmic
Feh"mic (?), a. See Vehmic.
Feign
Feign (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Feigned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Feigning.]
[OE. feinen, F. feindre (p. pr. feignant), fr. L. fingere; akin to L.
figura figure,and E. dough. See Dough, and cf. Figure, Faint, Effigy,
Fiction.]
1. To give a mental existence to, as to something not real or actual;
to imagine; to invent; hence, to pretend; to form and relate as if
true.
There are no such things done as thou sayest, but thou feignest
them out of thine own heart. Neh. vi. 8.
The poet Did feign that Orpheus drew trees, stones, and floods.
Shak.
2. To represent by a false appearance of; to pretend; to counterfeit;
as, to feign a sickness. Shak.
3. To dissemble; to conceal. [Obs.] Spenser.
Feigned
Feigned (?), a. Not real or genuine; pretended; counterfeit;
insincere; false. "A feigned friend." Shak.
Give ear unto my prayer, that goeth not out of feigned lips. Ps.
xvii. 1.
-- Feign"ed*ly (#), adv. -- Feign"ed*ness, n.
Her treacherous sister Judah hath not turned unto me with her whole
heart, but feignedly. Jer. iii. 10.
Feigned issue (Law), an issue produced in a pretended action between
two parties for the purpose of trying before a jury a question of fact
which it becomes necessary to settle in the progress of a cause.
Burill. Bouvier.
Feigner
Feign"er (?), n. One who feigns or pretends.
Feigning
Feign"ing, a. That feigns; insincere; not genuine; false. --
Feign"ing*ly, adv.
Feine
Feine (?), v. t. & i. To feign. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Feint
Feint (?), a. [F. feint, p.p. of feindre to feign. See Feign.]
Feigned; counterfeit. [Obs.]
Dressed up into any feint appearance of it. Locke.
Feint
Feint, n. [F. feinte, fr. feint. See Feint, a.]
1. That which is feigned; an assumed or false appearance; a pretense;
a stratagem; a fetch.
Courtley's letter is but a feint to get off. Spectator.
2. A mock blow or attack on one part when another part is intended to
be struck; -- said of certain movements in fencing, boxing, war, etc.
Feint
Feint, v. i. To make a feint, or mock attack.
Feitsui
Fei`tsui" (?), n. (Min.) The Chinese name for a highly prized variety
of pale green jade. See Jade.
Feize
Feize (?), v. t. See Feeze, v. t.
Felanders
Fel"an*ders (?), n. pl. See Filanders.
Feldspar, Feldspath
Feld"spar` (?), Feld"spath` (?), n. [G. feldspath; feld field + spath
spar.] (Min.) A name given to a group of minerals, closely related in
crystalline form, and all silicates of alumina with either potash,
soda, lime, or, in one case, baryta. They occur in crystals and
crystalline masses, vitreous in luster, and breaking rather easily in
two directions at right angles to each other, or nearly so. The colors
are usually white or nearly white, flesh-red, bluish, or greenish.
NOTE: &hand; Th e gr oup in cludes th e mo noclinic (o rthoclastic)
species orthoclase or common potash feldspar, and the rare
hyalophane or baryta feldspar; also the triclinic species (called
in general plagioclase) microcline, like orthoclase a potash
feldspar; anorthite or lime feldspar; albite or soda feldspar; also
intermediate between the last two species, labradorite, andesine,
oligoclase, containing both lime and soda in varying amounts. The
feldspars are essential constituents of nearly all crystalline
rocks, as granite, gneiss, mica, slate, most kinds of basalt and
trachyte, etc. The decomposition of feldspar has yielded a large
part of the clay of the soil, also the mineral kaolin, an essential
material in the making of fine pottery. Common feldspar is itself
largely used for the same purpose.
Feldspathic, Feldspathose
Feld*spath"ic (?), Feld*spath"ose (?), a. Pertaining to, or consisting
of, feldspar.
Fele
Fele (?), a. [AS. fela, feola; akin to G. viel, gr. Full, a.] Many.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Fe-licify
Fe-lic"ify (?), v. t. [L. felix happy = -fy.] To make happy; to
felicitate. [Obs.] Quarles.
Felici-tate
Fe*lic"i-tate (?), a. [L. felicitatus, p.p. of felicitare to
felicitate, fr. felix, -icis, happy. See felicity.] Made very happy.
[Archaic]
I am alone felicitate In your dear highness' love. Shak.
Felicitate
Fe*lic"i*tate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Felicitated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. felicitating.] [Cf. F. f\'82liciter.]
1. To make very happy; to delight.
What a glorius entertainment and pleasure would fill and felicitate
his spirit. I. Watts.
2. To express joy or pleasure to; to wish felicity to; to call or
consider (one's self) happy; to congratulate.
Every true heart must felicitate itself that its lot is cast in
this kingdom. W. Howitt.
Syn. -- See Congratulate.
Felicitation
Fe*lic`i*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. f\'82licitation.] The act of
felicitating; a wishing of joy or happiness; congratulation.
Felicitous
Fe*lic"i*tous (?), a. Characterized by felicity; happy; prosperous;
delightful; skilful; successful; happily applied or expressed;
appropriate.
Felicitous words and images. M. Arnold.
-- Fe*lic"i*tous*ly, adv. -- Fe*lic"i*tous*ness, n.
Felicity
Fe*lic"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Felicities (#). [OE. felicite, F.
f\'82licit\'82, fr. L. felicitas, fr. felix, -icis, happy, fruitful;
akin to fetus.]
1. The state of being happy; blessedness; blissfulness; enjoyment of
good.
Our own felicity we make or find. Johnson.
Finally, after this life, to attain everlasting joy and felicity.
Book of Common Prayer.
2. That which promotes happiness; a successful or gratifying event;
prosperity; blessing.
the felicities of her wonderful reign. Atterbury.
3. A pleasing faculty or accomplishment; as, felicity in painting
portraits, or in writing or talking. "Felicity of expression." Bp.
Warburton. Syn. -- Happiness; bliss; beatitude; blessedness;
blissfulness. See Happiness.
Feline
Fe"line (?), a. [L. felinus, fr. feles, felis, cat, prob. orig., the
fruitful: cf. F. f\'82lin. See Fetus.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Catlike; of or pertaining to the genus Felis, or family
Felid\'91; as, the feline race; feline voracity.
2. Characteristic of cats; sly; stealthy; treacherous; as, a feline
nature; feline manners.
Felis
Fe"lis (?), n. [L., cat.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of carnivorous mammals,
including the domestic cat, the lion, tiger, panther, and similar
animals.
Fell
Fell (?), imp. of Fall.
Fell
Fell, a. [OE. fel, OF. fel cruel, fierce, perfidious; cf. AS. fel
(only in comp.) OF. fel, as a noun also accus. felon, is fr. LL. felo,
of unknown origin; cf. Arm fall evil, Ir. feal, Arm. falloni
treachery, Ir. & Gael. feall to betray; or cf. OHG. fillan to flay,
torment, akin to E. fell skin. Cf. Felon.]
1. Cruel; barbarous; inhuman; fierce; savage; ravenous.
While we devise fell tortures for thy faults. Shak.
2. Eager; earnest; intent. [Obs.]
I am so fell to my business. Pepys.
Fell
Fell, n. [Cf. L. fel gall, bile, or E. fell, a.] Gall; anger;
melancholy. [Obs.]
Untroubled of vile fear or bitter fell. Spenser.
Fell
Fell, n. [AS. fell; akin to D. vel, OHG. fel, G. fell, Icel. fell (in
comp.), Goth fill in \'edrutsfill leprosy, L. pellis skin, G. Film,
Peel, Pell, n.] A skin or hide of a beast with the wool or hair on; a
pelt; -- used chiefly in composition, as woolfell.
We are still handling our ewes, and their fells, you know, are
greasy. Shak.
Fell
Fell (?), n. [Icel. fell, fjally; akin to Sw. fj\'84ll a ridge or
chain of mountains, Dan. fjeld mountain, rock and prob. to G. fels
rock, or perh. to feld field, E. field.]
1. A barren or rocky hill. T. Gray.
2. A wild field; a moor. Dryton.
Fell
Fell, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Felled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Felling.] [AS.
fellan, a causative verb fr. feallan to fall; akin to D. vellen, G.
f\'84llen, Icel. fella, Sw. f\'84lla, Dan. f\'91lde. See Fall, v. i.]
To cause to fall; to prostrate; to bring down or to the ground; to cut
down.
Stand, or I'll fell thee down. Shak.
Fell
Fell, n. (Mining) The finer portions of ore which go through the
meshes, when the ore is sorted by sifting.
Fell
Fell, v. t. [Cf. Gael. fill to fold, plait, Sw. f\'86ll a hem.] To sew
or hem; -- said of seams.
Fell
Fell, n.
1. (Sewing) A form of seam joining two pieces of cloth, the edges
being folded together and the stitches taken through both thicknesses.
2. (Weaving) The end of a web, formed by the last thread of the weft.
Fellable
Fell"a*ble (?), a. Fit to be felled.
Fellah
Fel"lah (?), n.; pl. Ar. Fellahin (#), E. Fellahs (#). [Ar.] A peasant
or cultivator of the soil among the Egyptians, Syrians, etc. W. M.
Thomson.
Feller
Fell"er (?), n. One who, or that which, fells, knocks or cuts down; a
machine for felling trees.
Feller
Fell"er, n. An appliance to a sewing machine for felling a seam.
Felltare
Fell"tare` (?), n. [Cf. AS. fealafor, and E. fieldfare.] (Zo\'94l.)
The fieldfare.
Fel-liflu-ous
Fel-lif"lu-ous (?), a. [L. fellifuus; fel gall + fluere to flow.]
Flowing with gall. [R.] Johnson.
Fellinic
Fel*lin"ic (?), a. [L. fel, fellis, gall.] Of, relating to, or derived
from, bile or gall; as, fellinic acid.
Fellmonger
Fell"mon`ger (?), n. A dealer in fells or sheepskins, who separates
the wool from the pelts.
Fellness
Fell"ness, n. [See Fell cruel.] The quality or state of being fell or
cruel; fierce barbarity. Spenser.
Felloe
Fel"loe (?), n. See Felly.
Fellon
Fel"lon (?), n. Variant of Felon. [Obs.]
Those two were foes the fellonest on ground. Spenser.
Fellow
Fel"low (?), n. [OE. felawe, felaghe, Icel. f\'c7lagi, fr. f\'c7lag
companionship, prop., a laying together of property; f\'c7 property +
lag a laying, pl. l\'94g law, akin to liggja to lie. See Fee, and Law,
Lie to be low.]
1. A companion; a comrade; an associate; a partner; a sharer.
The fellows of his crime. Milton.
We are fellows still, Serving alike in sorrow. Shak.
That enormous engine was flanked by two fellows almost of equal
magnitude. Gibbon.
NOTE: &hand; Commonly used of men, but sometimes of women.
Judges xi. 37.
2. A man without good breeding or worth; an ignoble or mean man.
Worth makes the man, and want of it, the fellow. Pope.
3. An equal in power, rank, character, etc.
It is impossible that ever Rome Should breed thy fellow. Shak.
4. One of a pair, or of two things used together or suited to each
other; a mate; the male.
When they be but heifers of one year, . . . they are let go to the
fellow and breed. Holland.
This was my glove; here is the fellow of it. Shak.
5. A person; an individual.
She seemed to be a good sort of fellow. Dickens.
6. In the English universities, a scholar who is appointed to a
foundation called a fellowship, which gives a title to certain
perquisites and privileges.
7. In an American college or university, a member of the corporation
which manages its business interests; also, a graduate appointed to a
fellowship, who receives the income of the foundation.
8. A member of a literary or scientific society; as, a Fellow of the
Royal Society.
NOTE: &hand; Fe llow is of ten us ed in co mpound wo rds, or
adjectively, signifying associate, companion, or sometimes equal.
Usually, such compounds or phrases are self-explanatory; as,
fellow-citizen, or fellow citizen; fellow-student, or fellow
student; fellow-workman, or fellow workman; fellow-mortal, or
fellow mortal; fellow-sufferer; bedfellow; playfellow; workfellow.
Were the great duke himself here, and would lift up My head to
fellow pomp amongst his nobles. Ford.
Fellow
Fel"low (?), v. t. To suit with; to pair with; to match. [Obs.] Shak.
Fellow-commoner
Fel"low-com"mon*er (?), n. A student at Cambridge University, England,
who commons, or dines, at the Fellow's table.
Fellow-creature
Fel"low-crea"ture (?; 135), n. One of the same race or kind; one made
by the same Creator.
Reason, by which we are raised above our fellow-creatures, the
brutes. I. Watts.
Fellowfeel
Fel"low*feel" (?), v. t. To share through sympathy; to participate in.
[R.] D. Rodgers.
Fellow-feeling
Fel"low-feel"ing, n.
1. Sympathy; a like feeling.
2. Joint interest. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.
Fellowless
Fel"low*less, a. Without fellow or equal; peerless.
Whose well-built walls are rare and fellowless. Chapman.
Fellowlike
Fel"low*like` (?), a. Like a companion; companionable; on equal terms;
sympathetic. [Obs.] Udall.
Fellowly
Fel"low*ly, a. Fellowlike. [Obs.] Shak.
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Fellowship
Fel"low*ship (?), n. [Fellow + -ship.]
1. The state or relation of being or associate.
2. Companionship of persons on equal and friendly terms; frequent and
familiar intercourse.
In a great town, friends are scattered, so that there is not that
fellowship which is in less neighborhods. Bacon.
Men are made for society and mutual fellowship. Calamy.
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Page 551
3. A state of being together; companionship; partnership; association;
hence, confederation; joint interest.
The great contention of the sea and skies Parted our fellowship.
Shak.
Fellowship in pain divides not smart. Milton.
Fellowship in woe doth woe assuage. Shak.
The goodliest fellowship of famous knights, Whereof this world
holds record. Tennyson.
4. Those associated with one, as in a family, or a society; a company.
The sorrow of Noah with his fellowship. Chaucer.
With that a joyous fellowship issued Of minstrels. Spenser.
5. (Eng. & Amer. Universities) A foundation for the maintenance, on
certain conditions, of a scholar called a fellow, who usually resides
at the university. <-- why "foundation"? stipend is more accurate now.
This use is sense 4 of this dictionary, an "endowment" -->
6. (Arith.) The rule for dividing profit and loss among partners; --
called also partnership, company, and distributive proportion.
Good fellowship
Good fellowship, companionableness; the spirit and disposition
befitting comrades.
There's neither honesty, manhood, nor good fellowship in thee.
Shak.
Fellowship
Fel"low*ship (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fellowshiped (; p. pr. & vb. n..
Fellowshiping.] (Eccl.) To acknowledge as of good standing, or in
communion according to standards of faith and practice; to admit to
Christian fellowship.
Felly
Fel"ly (?), adv. In a fell or cruel manner; fiercely; barbarously;
savagely. Spenser.
Felly
Fel"ly, n.; pl. Fellies (. [OE. feli, felwe, felow, AS. felg, felge;
akin to D. velg, G. felge, OHG. felga felly (also, a harrow, but prob.
a different word), Dan. felge.] The exterior wooden rim, or a segment
of the rim, of a wheel, supported by the spokes. [Written also
felloe.]
Break all the spokes and fellies from her wheel. Shak.
Felo-de-se
Fe"lo-de-se` (?), n.; pl. Felos-de-se (#). [LL. felo, E. felon + de
of, concerning + se self.] (Law) One who deliberately puts an end to
his own existence, or loses his life while engaged in the commission
of an unlawful or malicious act; a suicide. Burrill.
Felon
Fel"on (?), n. [OE., adj., cruel, n., villain, ruffian, traitor,
whitlow, F. f\'82lon traitor, in OF. also, villain, fr. LL. felo. See
Fell, a.]
1. (Law) A person who has committed a felony.
2. A person guilty or capable of heinous crime.
3. (Med.) A kind of whitlow; a painful imflammation of the periosteum
of a finger, usually of the last joint. Syn. -- Criminal; convict;
malefactor; culprit.
Felon
Fel"on, a. Characteristic of a felon; malignant; fierce; malicious;
cruel; traitorous; disloyal.
Vain shows of love to vail his felon hate. Pope.
Feloni-ous
Fe*lo"ni-ous (?), a. Having the quality of felony; malignant;
malicious; villainous; traitorous; perfidious; in a legal sense, done
with intent to commit a crime; as, felonious homicide.
O thievish Night, Why should'st thou, but for some felonious end,
In thy dark lantern thus close up the stars? Milton.
-- Fe*lo"ni-ous-ly, adv. -- Fe*lo"ni-ous*ness, n.
Felonous
Fel"o*nous (?), a. [Cf. OF. feloneus. Cf. Felonious.] Wicked;
felonious. [Obs.] Spenser.
Felonry
Fel"on*ry (?), n. A body of felons; specifically, the convict
population of a penal colony. Howitt.
Felonwort
Fel"on*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) The bittersweet nightshade (Solanum
Dulcamara). See Bittersweet.
Felony
Fel"o*ny (?), n.; pl. Felonies (#). [OE. felonie cruelty, OF. felonie,
F. f\'82lonie treachery, malice. See Felon, n.]
1. (Feudal Law) An act on the part of the vassal which cost him his
fee by forfeiture. Burrill.
2. (O.Eng.Law) An offense which occasions a total forfeiture either
lands or goods, or both, at the common law, and to which capital or
other punishment may be added, according to the degree of guilt.
3. A heinous crime; especially, a crime punishable by death or
imprisonment.
NOTE: &hand; Fo rfeiture fo r crime having been generally abolished
in the United States, the term felony, in American law, has lost
this point of distinction; and its meaning, where not fixed by
statute, is somewhat vague and undefined; generally, however, it is
used to denote an offense of a high grade, punishable either
capitally or by a term of imprisonment. In Massachusetts, by
statute, any crime punishable by death or imprisonment in the state
prison, and no other, is a felony; so in New York. the tendency now
is to obliterate the distinction between felonies and misdemeanors;
and this has been done partially in England, and completely in some
of the States of the Union. The distinction is purely arbitrary,
and its entire abolition is only a question of time.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere is no lawyer who would undertake to tell what a
felony is, otherwise than by enumerating the various kinds of
offenses which are so called. originally, the word felony had a
meaning: it denoted all offenses the penalty of which included
forfeiture of goods; but subsequent acts of Parliament have
declared various offenses to be felonies, without enjoining that
penalty, and have taken away the penalty from others, which
continue, nevertheless, to be called felonies, insomuch that the
acts so called have now no property whatever in common, save that
of being unlawful and purnishable.
J. S. Mill.
To compound a felony
To compound a felony. See under Compound, v. t.
Felsite
Fel"site (?), n. [Cf. Feldspar.] (Min.) A finegrained rock, flintlike
in fracture, consisting essentially of orthoclase feldspar with
occasional grains of quartz.
Felsitic
Fel*sit"ic (?), a. relating to, composed of, or containing, felsite.
Felspar, Felspath
Fel"spar` (?), Fel"spath` (?), n. (Min.) See Feldspar.
Felspathic
Fel*spath"ic (?), a. See Feldspathic.
Felstone
Fel"stone` (?), n. [From G. feldstein, in analogy with E. felspar.]
(Min.) See Felsite.
Felt
Felt (?), imp. & p. p. OR a. from Feel.
Felt
Felt (?), n. [AS. felt; akin to D. vilt, G. filz, and possibly to Gr.
pilus hair, pileus a felt cap or hat.]
1. A cloth or stuff made of matted fibers of wool, or wool and fur,
fulled or wrought into a compact substance by rolling and pressure,
with lees or size, without spinning or weaving.
It were a delicate stratagem to shoe A troop of horse with felt.
Shak
.
2. A hat made of felt. Thynne.
3. A skin or hide; a fell; a pelt. [Obs.]
To know whether sheep are sound or not, see that the felt be loose.
Mortimer.
Felt grain
Felt grain, the grain of timber which is transverse to the annular
rings or plates; the direction of the medullary rays in oak and some
other timber. Knight.
Felt
Felt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Felted; p. pr. & vb. n. Felting.]
1. To make into felt, or a feltike substance; to cause to adhere and
mat together. Sir M. Hale.
2. To cover with, or as with, felt; as, to felt the cylinder of a
steam emgine.
Felter
Felt"er (?), v. t. To clot or mat together like felt.
His feltered locks that on his bosom fell. Fairfax.
Felting
Felt"ing, n.
1. The material of which felt is made; also, felted cloth; also, the
process by which it is made.
2. The act of splitting timber by the felt grain.
Feltry
Fel"try (?), n. [OF. feltre.] See Felt, n. [Obs.]
Felucca
Fe*luc"ca (, n. [It. feluca (cf. Sp. faluca, Pg. falua), fr. Ar. fulk
ship, or harr\'beqah a sort of ship.] (Naut.) A small, swift-sailing
vessel, propelled by oars and lateen sails, -- once common in the
Mediterranean.
NOTE: Sometimes it is constructed so that the helm may be used at
either end.
Felwort
Fel"wort` (?), n. [Probably a corruption of fieldwort.] (Bot.) A
European herb (Swertia perennis) of the Gentian family.
Female
Fe"male (?), n. [OE. femel, femal, F. femelle, fr. L. femella, dim. of
femina woman. See Feminine.]
1. An individual of the sex which conceives and brings forth young, or
(in a wider sense) which has an ovary and produces ova.
The male and female of each living thing. Drayton.
2. (Bot.) A plant which produces only that kind of reproductive organs
which are capable of developing into fruit after impregnation or
fertilization; a pistillate plant.
Female
Fe"male, a.
1. Belonging to the sex which conceives and gives birth to young, or
(in a wider sense) which produces ova; not male.
As patient as the female dove When that her golden couplets are
disclosed. Shak.
2. Belonging to an individual of the female sex; characteristic of
woman; feminine; as, female tenderness. "Female usurpation.'b8 Milton.
To the generous decision of a female mind, we owe the discovery of
America. Belknap.
3. (Bot.) Having pistils and no stamens; pistillate; or, in
cryptogamous plants, capable of receiving fertilization.
Female rhymes
Female rhymes (Pros.), double rhymes, or rhymes (called in French
feminine rhymes because they end in e weak, or feminine) in which two
syllables, an accented and an unaccented one, correspond at the end of
each line.
NOTE: &hand; A rh yme, in wh ich th e fi nal syllables only agree
(strain, complain) is called a male rhyme; one in which the two
final syllables of each verse agree, the last being short (motion,
ocean), is called female.
Brande & C. -- Female screw, the spiral-threaded cavity into which
another, or male, screw turns. Nicholson.
Female fern
Female fern (Bot.), a common species of fern with large decompound
fronds (Asplenium Filixf\'91mina), growing in many countries; lady
fern.
NOTE: &hand; Th e na mes ma le fe rn and female fern were anciently
given to two common ferns; but it is now understood that neither
has any sexual character.
Syn. -- Female, Feminine. We apply female to the sex or individual, as
opposed to male; also, to the distinctive belongings of women; as,
female dress, female form, female character, etc.; feminine, to things
appropriate to, or affected by, women; as, feminine studies,
employments, accomplishments, etc. "Female applies to sex rather than
gender, and is a physiological rather than a grammatical term.
Feminine applies to gender rather than sex, and is grammatical rather
than physiological." Latham.
Femal-ist
Fe"mal-ist (?), n. A gallant. [Obs.]
Courting her smoothly like a femalist. Marston.
Femal-ize
Fe"mal-ize (?), v. t. To make, or to describe as, female or feminine.
Shaftesbury.
Feme
Feme (? OR ?), n. [OF. feme, F. femme.] (Old Law) A woman. Burrill.
Feme covert (Law), a married woman. See Covert, a., 3. -- Feme sole
(Law), a single or unmarried woman; a woman who has never been
married, or who has been divorced, or whose husband is dead. -- Feme
sole trader OR merchant (Eng. Law), a married woman, by the custom of
London, engages in business on her own account, inpendently of her
husband.
Femeral
Fem"er*al (?), n. (Arch.) See Femerell.
Femer-ell
Fem"er-ell (?), n. [OF. fumeraille part of a chimney. See Fume.]
(Arch.) A lantern, or louver covering, placed on a roof, for
ventilation or escape of smoke.
Femi-nal
Fem"i-nal (?), a. Feminine. [Obs.] West.
Feminality
Fem`i*nal"i*ty (?), n. Feminity.
Femi-nate
Fem"i-nate (?), a. [L. feminatus effeminate.] Feminine. [Obs.]
Femi-nei-ty
Fem`i-ne"i-ty (?), n. [L. femineus womanly.] Womanliness; femininity.
C. Read
Feminine
Fem"i*nine (?), a. [L. femininus, fr. femina woman; prob. akin to L.
fetus, or to Gr. f\'d6mme woman, maid: cf. F. f\'82minin. See Fetus.]
1. Of or pertaining to a woman, or to women; characteristic of a
woman; womanish; womanly.
Her letters are remarkably deficient in feminine ease and grace.
Macaulay.
2. Having the qualities of a woman; becoming or appropriate to the
female sex; as, in a good sense, modest, graceful, affectionate,
confiding; or, in a bad sense, weak, nerveless, timid,
pleasure-loving, effeminate.
Her heavenly form Angelic, but more soft and feminine. Milton.
Ninus being esteemed no man of war at all, but altogether feminine,
and subject to ease and delicacy. Sir W. Raleigh.
Feminine rhyme
Feminine rhyme. (Pros.) See Female rhyme, under Female, a. Syn. -- See
Female, a.
Feminine
Fem"i*nine, n.
1. A woman. [Obs. or Colloq.]
They guide the feminines toward the palace. Hakluyt.
2. (Gram.) Any one of those words which are the appellations of
females, or which have the terminations usually found in such words;
as, actress, songstress, abbess, executrix.
There are but few true feminines in English. Latham.
Femininely
Fem"i*nine*ly, adv. In a feminine manner. Byron.
Feminineness
Fem"i*nine*ness, n. The quality of being feminine; womanliness;
womanishness.
Femininity
Fem`i*nin"i*ty (?), n.
1. The quality or nature of the female sex; womanliness.
2. The female form. [Obs.]
O serpent under femininitee. Chaucer.
Feminity
Fe*min"i*ty (?), n. Womanliness; femininity. [Obs.] "Trained up in
true feminity." Spenser.
Feminization
Fem`i*ni*za"tion (?), n. The act of feminizing, or the state of being
feminized.
Feminize
Fem"i*nize (?), v. t. [Cf. F. f\'82miniser.] To make womanish or
effeminate. Dr. H. More.
Feminye
Fem"i*nye (?), n. [OF. femenie, feminie, the female sex, realm of
women.] The people called Amazons. [Obs.] "[The reign of] feminye."
Chaucer.
Femme
Femme (? OR ?), n. [F.] A woman. See Feme, n. Femme de chambre (?).
[F.] A lady's maid; a chambermaid.
Femoral
Fem"o*ral (?), a. [L. femur, femoris, thigh: cf. F. f\'82moral.]
Pertaining to the femur or thigh; as, the femoral artery. "Femoral
habiliments." Sir W. Scott.
Femur
Fe"mur (?), n.; pl. Femora (. [L. thigh.] (Anat.) (a) The thigh bone.
(b) The proximal segment of the hind limb containing the thigh bone;
the thigh. See Coxa.
Fen
Fen (?), n. [AS. fen, fenn, marsh, mud, dirt; akin to D. veen, OFries.
fenne, fene, OHG. fenna, G. fenn, Icel. fen, Goth. fani mud.] Low land
overflowed, or covered wholly or partially with water, but producing
sedge, coarse grasses, or other aquatic plants; boggy land; moor;
marsh.
'Mid reedy fens wide spread. Wordsworth.
NOTE: &hand; Fe n is us ed adjectively with the sense of belonging
to, or of the nature of, a fen or fens.
Fen boat, a boat of light draught used in marshes. -- Fen duck
(Zo\'94l.), a wild duck inhabiting fens; the shoveler. [Prov. Eng.] --
Fen fowl (Zo\'94l.), any water fowl that frequent fens. -- Fen goose
(Zo\'94l.), the graylag goose of Europe. [Prov. Eng.] -- Fen land,
swamp land.
Fence
Fence (?), n. [Abbrev. from defence.]
1. That which fends off attack or danger; a defense; a protection; a
cover; security; shield.
Let us be backed with God and with the seas, Which he hath given
for fence impregnable. Shak.
A fence betwixt us and the victor's wrath. Addison.
2. An inclosure about a field or other space, or about any object;
especially, an inclosing structure of wood, iron, or other material,
intended to prevent intrusion from without or straying from within.
Leaps o'er the fence with ease into the fold. Milton.
NOTE: &hand; In En gland a he dge, di tch, or wall, as well as a
structure of boards, palings, or rails, is called a fence.
3. (Locks) A projection on the bolt, which passes through the tumbler
gates in locking and unlocking.
4. Self-defense by the use of the sword; the art and practice of
fencing and sword play; hence, skill in debate and repartee. See
Fencing.
Enjoy your dear wit, and gay rhetoric, That hath so well been
taught her dazzing fence. Milton.
Of dauntless courage and consummate skill in fence. Macaulay.
5. A receiver of stolen goods, or a place where they are received.
[Slang] Mayhew.
Fence month
Fence month (Forest Law), the month in which female deer are fawning,
when hunting is prohibited. Bullokar. -- Fence roof, a covering for
defense. "They fitted their shields close to one another in manner of
a fence roof." Holland. Fence time, the breeding time of fish or game,
when they should not be killed. -- Rail fence, a fence made of rails,
sometimes supported by posts. -- Ring fence, a fence which encircles a
large area, or a whole estate, within one inclosure. -- Worm fence, a
zigzag fence composed of rails crossing one another at their ends; --
called also snake fence, or Virginia rail fence. -- To be on the
fence, to be undecided or uncommitted in respect to two opposing
parties or policies. [Colloq.]
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Fence
Fence, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fenced ( Fencing (?).]
1. To fend off danger from; to give security to; to protect; to guard.
To fence my ear against thy sorceries. Milton.
2. To inclose with a fence or other protection; to secure by an
inclosure.
O thou wall! . . . dive in the earth, And fence not Athens. Shak.
A sheepcote fenced about with olive trees. Shak.
To fence the tables (Scot. Church), to make a solemn address to those
who present themselves to commune at the Lord's supper, on the
feelings appropriate to the service, in order to hinder, so far as
possible, those who are unworthy from approaching the table. McCheyne.
Fence
Fence (?), v. i.
1. To make a defense; to guard one's self of anything, as against an
attack; to give protection or security, as by a fence.
Vice is the more stubborn as well as the more dangerous evil, and
therefore, in the first place, to be fenced against. Locke.
2. To practice the art of attack and defense with the sword or with
the foil, esp. with the smallsword, using the point only.
He will fence with his own shadow. Shak.
3. Hence, to fight or dispute in the manner of fencers, that is, by
thrusting, guarding, parrying, etc.
They fence and push, and, pushing, loudly roar; Their dewlaps and
their sides are batDryden.
As when a billow, blown against, Falls back, the voice with which I
fenced A little ceased, but recommenced. Tennyson.
Fenceful
Fence"ful (?), a. Affording defense; defensive. [Obs.] Congreve.
Fenceless
Fence"less, a. Without a fence; uninclosed; open; unguarded;
defenseless. Milton.
Fencer
Fen"cer (?), n. One who fences; one who teaches or practices the art
of fencing with sword or foil.
As blunt as the fencer's foils. Shak.
Fenci-ble
Fen"ci-ble (?), a. Capable of being defended, or of making or
affording defense. [Obs.]
No fort so fencible, nor walls so strong. Spenser.
Fencible
Fen"ci*ble, n. (Mil.) A soldier enlisted for home service only; --
usually in the pl.
Fencing
Fen"cing (?), n.
1. The art or practice of attack and defense with the sword, esp. with
the s,allword. See Fence, v. i., 2.
2. Disputing or debating in a manner resembling the art of fencers.
Shak.
3. The materials used for building fences. [U.S.]
4. The act of building a fence.
5. To aggregate of the fences put up for inclosure or protection; as,
the fencing of a farm.
Fen cricket
Fen" crick`et (?). (Zo\'94l.) The mole cricket. [Prov. Eng.]
Fend
Fend (?), n. A fiend. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fend
Fend (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fended; p. pr. & vb. n. Fending.]
[Abbrev. fr. defend.] To keep off; to prevent from entering or
hitting; to ward off; to shut out; -- often with off; as, to fend off
blows.
With fern beneath to fend the bitter cold. Dryden.
To fend off a boat OR vessel (Naut.), to prevent its running against
anything with too much violence.
Fend
Fend, v. i. To act on the defensive, or in opposition; to resist; to
parry; to shift off.
The dexterous management of terms, and being able to fend . . .
with them, passes for a great part of learning. Locke.
Fender
Fen"der (?), n. [From Fend, v. t. & i., cf. Defender.] One who or that
which defends or protects by warding off harm; as: (a) A screen to
prevent coals or sparks of an open fire from escaping to the floor.
(b) Anything serving as a cushion to lessen the shock when a vessel
comes in contact with another vessel or a wharf. (c) A screen to
protect a carriage from mud thrown off the wheels: also, a
splashboard. (d) Anything set up to protect an exposed angle, as of a
house, from damage by carriage wheels.
Fendliche
Fend"liche (?), a. Fiendlike. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fenerate
Fen"er*ate (?), v. i. [L. faeneratus, p.p. of faenerari lend on
interest, fr. faenus interest.] To put money to usury; to lend on
interest. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Feneration
Fen`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. faeneratio.] The act of fenerating;
interest. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Fenes-tella
Fen`es-tel"la (?), n. [L., dim. of fenestra (Arch.) Any small
windowlike opening or recess, esp. one to show the relics within an
altar, or the like.
Fenestra
Fe*nes"tra (?), n.; pl. Fenestr\'91 (#). [L., a window.] (Anat.) A
small opening; esp., one of the apertures, closed by membranes,
between the tympanum and internal ear.
Fenestral
Fe*nes"tral (?), a. [L. fenestra a window.]
1. (Arch.) Pertaining to a window or to windows.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to a fenestra.
Fenestral
Fe*nes"tral, n. (Arch.) A casement or window sash, closed with cloth
or paper instead of glass. Weale.
Fenestrate
Fe*nes"trate (?), a. [L. fenestratus, p.p. of fenestrare to furnish
with openings and windows.]
1. Having numerous openings; irregularly reticulated; as, fenestrate
membranes; fenestrate fronds.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having transparent spots, as the wings of certain
butterflies.
Fenestrated
Fe*nes"tra*ted (?), a.
1. (Arch.) Having windows; characterized by windows.
2. Same as Fenestrate.
Fenestration
Fen`es*tra"tion (?), n.
1. (Arch.) The arrangement and proportioning of windows; -- used by
modern writers for the decorating of an architectural composition by
means of the window (and door) openings, their ornaments, and
proportions.
2. (Anat.) The state or condition of being fenestrated.
Fenestrule
Fe*nes"trule (?), n. [L. fenestrula a little window, dim. of fenestra
a window.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the openings in a fenestrated structure.
Fengite
Fen"gite (?), n. (Min.) A kind of marble or alabaster, sometimes used
for windows on account of its transparency.
Fenian
Fe"ni*an (?), n. [From the Finians or Fenii, the old militia of
Ireland, who were so called from Fin or Finn, Fionn, or Fingal, a
popular hero of Irish traditional history.] A member of a secret
organization, consisting mainly of Irishment, having for its aim the
overthrow of English rule in ireland.
Feni-an
Fe"ni-an (?), a. Pertaining to Fenians or to Fenianism.
Fenianism
Fe"ni*an*ism (?), n. The principles, purposes, and methods of the
Fenians.
Fenks
Fenks (?), n. The refuse whale blubber, used as a manure, and in the
manufacture of Prussian blue. Ure.
Fennec
Fen"nec (?), n. [Ar. fanek.] (Zo\'94l.) A small, African, foxlike
animal (Vulpes zerda) of a pale fawn color, remarkable for the large
size of its ears.
Fennel
Fen"nel (?), n. [AS. fenol, finol, from L. feniculum, faeniculum, dim.
of fenum, faenum, hay: cf. F. fenouil. Cf. Fenugreek. Finochio.]
(Bot.) A perennial plant of the genus F\'91niculum (F.vulgare), having
very finely divided leaves. It is cultivated in gardens for the
agreeable aromatic flavor of its seeds.
Smell of sweetest fennel. Milton.
A sprig of fennel was in fact the theological smelling bottle of
the tender sex. S. G. Goodrich.
Azorean, OR Sweet, fennel, (F\'91niculum dulce). It is a smaller and
stouter plant than the common fennel, and is used as a pot herb. --
Dog's fennel (Anthemis Cotula), a foul-smelling European weed; --
called also mayweed. -- Fennel flower (Bot.), an herb (Nigella) of the
Buttercup family, having leaves finely divided, like those of the
fennel. N.Damascena is common in gardens. N.sativa furnishes the
fennel seed, used as a condiment, etc., in India. These seeds are the
"fitches" mentioned in Isaiah (xxviii. 25). -- Fennel water (Med.),
the distilled water of fennel seed. It is stimulant and carminative.
-- Giant fennel (Ferula communis), has stems full of pith, which, it
is said, were used to carry fire, first, by Prometheus. -- Hog's
fennel, a European plant (Peucedanum officinale) looking something
like fennel.
Fennish
Fen"nish (?), a. Abounding in fens; fenny.
Fenny
Fen"ny (?), a. [AS. fennig.] Pertaining to, or inhabiting, a fen;
abounding in fens; swampy; boggy. "Fenny snake." Shak.
Fenowed
Fen"owed (?), a. [AS. fynig musty, fynegean to become musty or filthy:
cf. fennig fenny, muddy, dirty, fr. fen fen. Cf. Finew.] Corrupted;
decayed; moldy. See Vinnewed. [Obs.] Dr. Favour.
Fensi-ble
Fen"si-ble (?), a. Fencible. [Obs.] Spenser.
Fen-sucked
Fen"-sucked` (?), a. Sucked out of marches. "Fen-sucked fogs." Shak.
Fenugreek
Fen"u*greek (? OR ?), n. [L. faenum Graecum, lit., Greek hay: cf. F.
fenugrec. Cf. Fennel.] (Bot.) A plant (trigonella F\'d2num Gr\'91cum)
cultivated for its strong-smelling seeds, which are "now only used for
giving false importance to horse medicine and damaged hay." J. Smith
(Pop. Names of Plants, 1881).
Feod
Feod (?), n. A feud. See 2d Feud. Blackstone.
Feodal
Feod"al (?), a. Feudal. See Feudal.
Feodality
Feo*dal"i*ty (?), n. Feudal tenure; the feudal system. See Feudality.
Burke.
Feodary
Feod"a*ry (?), n.
1. An accomplice.
Art thou a feodary for this act? Shak.
2. (Eng. Law) An ancient officer of the court of wards. Burrill.
Feodatory
Feod"a*to*ry (?), n. See Feudatory.
Feoff
Feoff (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Feoffed (#); p. pr. & vb. n..
Feoffing.] [OE. feffen, OF. feffer, fieffer, F. fieffer, fr. fief
fief; cf. LL. feoffare, fefare. See Fief.] (Law) To invest with a fee
or feud; to give or grant a corporeal hereditament to; to enfeoff.
Feoff
Feoff, n. (Law) A fief. See Fief.
Feoffee
Feof*fee" (?; 277), n. [OF. feoff\'82.] (Law) The person to whom a
feoffment is made; the person enfeoffed.
Feoffment
Feoff"ment (?), n. [OF. feoffement, fieffement; cf. LL. feoffamentum.]
(Law) (a) The grant of a feud or fee. (b) (Eng. Law) A gift or
conveyance in fee of land or other corporeal hereditaments,
accompanied by actual delivery of possession. Burrill. (c) The
instrument or deed by which corporeal hereditaments are conveyed.
[Obs. in the U.S., Rare in Eng.]
Feofor, Feoffer
Feo"for (?), Feof"fer (?), n. [OF. feoour.] (Law) One who enfeoffs or
grants a fee.
Fer
Fer (?), a. & adv. Far. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Feracious
Fe*ra"cious (?), a. [L. ferax, -acis, fr. ferre to bear.] Fruitful;
producing abudantly. [R.] Thomson.
Feracity
Fe*rac"i*ty (?), n. [L. feracitas.] The state of being feracious or
fruitful. [Obs.] Beattie.
Fer\'91
Fe"r\'91 (?), n. pl. [L., wild animals, fem. pl. of ferus wild.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group of mammals which formerly included the Carnivora,
Insectivora, Marsupialia, and lemurs, but is now often restricted to
the Carnivora. <-- no pos in original = adv. -->
Fer\'91 natur\'91
Fe"r\'91 na*tu"r\'91 (?). [L.] Of a wild nature; -- applied to
animals, as foxes, wild ducks, etc., in which no one can claim
property.
Feral
Fe"ral (?), a. [L. ferus. See Fierce.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Wild;
untamed; ferine; not domesticated; -- said of beasts, birds, and
plants. <-- also feral child, not raised by humans -->
Feral
Fe"ral, a. [L. feralis, belonging to the dead.] Funereal; deadly;
fatal; dangerous. [R.] "Feral accidents." Burton.
Ferde
Ferde (?), obs. imp. of Fare. Chaucer.
Fer-de-lance
Fer`-de-lance" (?), n. [F., the iron of a lance, lance head.]
(Zo\'94l.) A large, venomous serpent (Trigonocephalus lanceolatus<--
now Bothrops atrox-->) of Brazil and the West Indies. It is allied to
the rattlesnake, but has no rattle. <-- also in Central America. -->
Ferding
Fer"ding (?), n. [See Farthing.] A measure of land mentioned in
Domesday Book. It is supposed to have consisted of a few acres only.
[Obs.]
Ferdness
Ferd"ness (?), n. [OE. ferd fear. See Fear.] Fearfulness. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Fere
Fere (?), n. [OE. fere companion, AS. gef&emac;ra, from f&emac;ran to
go, travel, faran to travel. &root;78. See Fare.] A mate or companion;
-- often used of a wife. [Obs.] [Written also fear and feere.]
Chaucer.
And Cambel took Cambrina to his fere. Spenser.
In fere, together; in company. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fere
Fere, a. [Cf. L. ferus wild.] Fierce. [Obs.]
Fere
Fere, n. [See Fire.] Fire. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fere
Fere, n. [See Fear.] Fear. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fere
Fere, v. t. & i. To fear. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Feretory
Fer`e*to*ry (?), n. [L. feretrum bier, Gr. ferre, E. bear to support.]
A portable bier or shrine, variously adorned, used for containing
relics of saints. Mollett.
Ferforth
Fer"forth` (?), adv. Far forth. [Obs.] As ferforth as, as far as. --
So ferforth, to such a degree.
Ferforthly
Fer"forth`ly, adv. Ferforth. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fergusonite
Fer"gu*son*ite (?), n. (Min.) A mineral of a brownish black color,
essentially a tantalo-niobate of yttrium, erbium, and cerium; -- so
called after Robert Ferguson.
Feria
Fe"ri*a (?), n.; pl. Feri\'91 (. (Eccl.) A week day, esp. a day which
is neither a festival nor a fast. Shipley.
Ferial
Fe"ri*al (?), n. Same as Feria.
Ferial
Fe"ri*al, a. [LL. ferialis, fr. L. ferie holidays: cf. F. f\'82rial.
See 5th Fair.]
1. Of or pertaining to holidays. [Obs.] J. Gregory.
2. Belonging to any week day, esp. to a day that is neither a festival
nor a fast.
Feriation
Fe`ri*a"tion (?), n. [L. feriari to keep holiday, fr. ferie holidays.]
The act of keeping holiday; cessation from work. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Ferie
Fe"rie (?), n. [OF. ferie, fr. L. ferie holidays. See 5th Fair.] A
holiday. [Obs.] Bullokar.
Ferier
Fe"ri*er (?), a., compar. of Fere, fierce. [Obs.]
Rhenus ferier than the cataract. Marston.
Ferine
Fe"rine (?), a. [L. ferinus, fr. ferus wild. See Fierce.] Wild;
untamed; savage; as, lions, tigers, wolves, and bears are ferine
beasts. Sir M. Hale. -- n. A wild beast; a beast of prey. --
Fe"rine*ly, adv. -- Fe"rine*ness, n.
Feringee
Fer*in"gee (?), n. [Per. Farang\'c6, or Ar. Firanj\'c6, properly, a
Frank.] The name given to Europeans by the Hindos. [Written also
Feringhee.]
Ferity
Fer"i*ty (?), n. [L. feritas, from ferus wild.] Wildness; savageness;
fierceness. [Obs.] Woodward.
Ferly
Fer"ly (?), a. [AS. f sudden, unexpected. See Fear, n.] Singular;
wonderful; extraordinary. [Obs.] -- n. A wonder; a marvel. [Obs.]
Who hearkened ever such a ferly thing. Chaucer.
Fermacy
Fer"ma*cy (?), n. [OE. See Pharmacy.] Medicine; pharmacy. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ferm, Ferme
Ferm, Ferme (?), n.[See Farm.] Rent for a farm; a farm; also, an
abode; a place of residence; as, he let his land to ferm. [Obs.]
Out of her fleshy ferme fled to the place of pain. Spenser.
Ferment
Fer"ment (?), n. [L. fermentum ferment (in senses 1 & 2), perh. for
fervimentum, fr. fervere to be boiling hot, boil, ferment: cf. F.
ferment. Cf. 1st Barm, Fervent.]
1. That which causes fermentation, as yeast, barm, or fermenting beer.
NOTE: &hand; Fe rments ar e of tw o kinds: (a) Formed or organized
ferments. (b) Unorganized or structureless ferments. The latter are
also called soluble OR chemical ferments, and enzymes. Ferments of
the first class are as a rule simple microscopic vegetable
organisms, and the fermentations which they engender are due to
their growth and development; as, the acetic ferment, the butyric
ferment, etc. See Fermentation. Ferments of the second class, on
the other hand, are chemical substances, as a rule soluble in
glycerin and precipitated by alcohol. In action they are catalytic
and, mainly, hydrolytic. Good examples are pepsin of the dastric
juice, ptyalin of the salvia, and disease of malt. <-- by 1960 the
term "ferment" to mean "enzyme" fell out of use. Enzymes are now
known to be globular proteins, capable of catalyzing a wide variety
of chemical reactions, not merely hydrolytic. The full set of
enzymes causing production of ethyl alcohol from sugar has been
identified and individually purified and studied. See enzyme -->
2. Intestine motion; heat; tumult; agitation.
Subdue and cool the ferment of desire. Rogers.
the nation is in a ferment. Walpole.
<-- in a ferment in a state of agitation, applied to human groups. -->
3. A gentle internal motion of the constituent parts of a fluid;
fermentation. [R.]
Down to the lowest lees the ferment ran. Thomson.
ferment oils, volatile oils produced by the fermentation of plants,
and not originally contained in them. These were the quintessences of
the alchenists. Ure.
Ferment
Fer*ment" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fermented; p. pr. & vb. n.
Fermenting.] [L. fermentare, fermentatum: cf. F. fermenter. See
Ferment, n.] To cause ferment of fermentation in; to set in motion; to
excite internal emotion in; to heat.
Ye vigorous swains! while youth ferments your blood. Pope.
Ferment
Fer*ment", v. i.
1. To undergo fermentation; to be in motion, or to be excited into
sensible internal motion, as the constituent oarticles of an animal or
vegetable fluid; to work; to effervesce.
2. To be agitated or excited by violent emotions.
But finding no redress, ferment an rage. Milton.
The intellect of the age was a fermenting intellect. De Quincey.
Fermentability
Fer*ment`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. Capability of fermentation.
Fermentable
Fer*ment"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. fermentable.] Capable of fermentation;
as, cider and other vegetable liquors are fermentable.
Fermental
Fer*ment"al (?), a. Fermentative. [Obs.]
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Fermentation
Fer`men*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. fermentation.]
1. The process of undergoing an effervescent change, as by the action
of yeast; in a wider sense (Physiol. Chem.), the transformation of an
organic substance into new compounds by the action of a ferment,
either formed or unorganized. It differs in kind according to the
nature of the ferment which causes it. <-- in industrial microbiology
-- = the production of chemical substances by use of microorganisms
-->
2. A state of agitation or excitement, as of the intellect or the
feelings.
It puts the soul to fermentation and activity. Jer. Taylor.
A univesal fermentation of human thought and faith. C. Kingsley.
Acetous, OR Acetic, fermentation, a form of oxidation in which alcohol
is converted into vinegar or acetic acid by the agency of a specific
fungus or ferment (Mycoderma aceti). The process involves two distinct
reactions, in which the oxygen of the air is essential. An
intermediate product, aldehyde, is formed in the first process. 1.
C2H6O + O = H2O + C2H4O
NOTE: Alcohol. Water. Aldehyde.
2. C2H4O + O = C2H4O2
NOTE: Aldehyde. Acetic acid.
-- Alcoholic fermentation, the fermentation which saccharine bodies
undergo when brought in contact with the yeast plant or Torula. The
sugar is converted, either directly or indirectly, into alcohol and
carbonic acid, the rate of action being dependent on the rapidity with
which the Torul\'91 develop. -- Ammoniacal fermentation, the
conversion of the urea of the urine into ammonium carbonate, through
the growth of the special urea ferment. CON2H4 + 2H2O = (NH4)2CO3
NOTE: Urea. Water. Ammonium carbonate.
NOTE: Whenever ur ine is ex posed to th e air in open vessels for
several days it undergoes this alkaline fermentation.
-- Butyric fermentation, the decomposition of various forms of organic
matter, through the agency of a peculiar worm-shaped vibrio, with
formation of more or less butyric acid. It is one of the many forms of
fermentation that collectively constitute putrefaction. See Lactic
fermentation. -- Fermentation by an unorganized ferment OR enzyme.
Fermentations of this class are purely chemical reactions, in which
the ferment acts as a simple catalytic agent. Of this nature are the
decomposition or inversion of cane sugar into levulose and dextrose by
boiling with dilute acids, the conversion of starch into dextrin and
sugar by similar treatment, the conversion of starch into like
products by the action of diastase of malt or ptyalin of saliva, the
conversion of albuminous food into peptones and other like products by
the action of pepsin-hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice or by the
ferment of the pancreatic juice. -- Fermentation theory of disease
(Biol. & Med.), the theory that most if not all, infectious or zymotic
disease are caused by the introduction into the organism of the living
germs of ferments, or ferments already developed (organized ferments),
by which processes of fermentation are set up injurious to health. See
Germ theory. -- Glycerin fermentation, the fermentation which occurs
on mixing a dilute solution of glycerin with a peculiar species of
schizomycetes and some carbonate of lime, and other matter favorable
to the growth of the plant, the glycerin being changed into butyric
acid, caproic acid, butyl, and ethyl alcohol. With another form of
bacterium (Bacillus subtilis) ethyl alcohol and butyric acid are
mainly formed. -- Lactic fermentation, the transformation of milk
sugar or other saccharine body into lactic acid, as in the souring of
milk, through the agency of a special bacterium (Bacterium lactis of
Lister). In this change the milk sugar, before assuming the form of
lactic acid, presumably passes through the stage of glucose.
C12H22O11.H2O = 4C3H6O3
NOTE: Hydrated milk sugar. Lactic acid.
NOTE: In the lactic fermentation of dextrose or glucose, the lactic
acid which is formed is very prone to undergo butyric fermentation
after the manner indicated in the following equation: 2C3H6O3
(lactic acid) = C4H8O2 (butyric acid) + 2CO2 (carbonic acid) + 2H2
(hydrogen gas).
-- Putrefactive fermentation. See Putrefaction.
Fermentative
Fer*ment"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. fermentatif.] Causing, or having power
to cause, fermentation; produced by fermentation; fermenting; as, a
fermentative process. -- Fer*ment"a*tive*ly, adv. --
Fer*ment"a*tive*ness, n.
Fermerere
Fer"mer*ere (?), n. [OF. enfermerier, fr. enfermerie infirmary. See
Infirmary.] The officer in a religious house who had the care of the
infirmary. [Obs.]
Fermillet
Fer"mil*let (?), n. [OF., dim. of fermeil, fermail, clasp, prob. fr.
OF. & F. fermer to make fast, fr. ferme fast. See Firm.] A buckle or
clasp. [Obs.] Donne.
Fern
Fern (?), adv. Long ago. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fern
Fern, a. [AS. fyrn.] Ancient; old. [Obs.] "Pilgrimages to . . . ferne
halwes." [saints]. Chaucer.
Fern
Fern (?), n. [AS. fearn; akin to D. varen, G. farn, farnkraut; cf.
Skr. par\'c9a wing, feather, leaf, sort of plant, or Lith. papartis
fern.] (Bot.) An order of cryptogamous plants, the Filices, which have
their fructification on the back of the fronds or leaves. They are
usually found in humid soil, sometimes grow epiphytically on trees,
and in tropical climates often attain a gigantic size.
NOTE: &hand; Th e plants are asexual, and bear clustered sporangia,
containing minute spores, which germinate and form prothalli, on
which are borne the true organs of reproduction. The brake or
bracken, the maidenhair, and the polypody are all well known ferns.
Christmas fern. See under Christmas. -- Climbing fern (Bot.), a
delicate North American fern (Lygodium palmatum), which climbs several
feet high over bushes, etc., and is much sought for purposes of
decoration. -- Fern owl. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European goatsucker. (b)
The short-eared owl. [Prov. Eng.] -- Fern shaw, a fern thicket. [Eng.]
R. Browning.
Fernery
Fern"er*y (?), n. A place for rearing ferns.
Fernticle
Fern"ti*cle (?), n. A freckle on the skin, resembling the seed of
fern. [Prov. Eng.]
Ferny
Fern"y (?), a. Abounding in ferns.
Ferocious
Fe*ro"cious (?), a. [L. ferox, -ocis, fierce: cf. F. f\'82roce. See
Ferocity.] Fierce; savage; wild; indicating cruelty; ravenous;
rapacious; as, ferocious look or features; a ferocious lion.
The humbled power of a ferocious enemy. Lowth.
Syn. -- Ferocious, Fierce, Savage, Barbarous. When these words are
applied to human feelings or conduct, ferocious describes the
disposition; fierce, the haste and violence of an act; barbarous, the
coarseness and brutality by which it was marked; savage, the cruel and
unfeeling spirit which it showed. A man is ferocious in his temper,
fierce in his actions, barbarous in the manner of carrying out his
purposes, savage in the spirit and feelings expressed in his words or
deeds. -- Fe*ro"cious*ly, adv. -- Fe*ro"cious*ness, n.
It [Christianity] has adapted the ferociousness of war. Blair.
Ferocity
Fe*roc"i*ty (?), n. [L. ferocitas, fr. ferox, -ocis, fierce, kin to
ferus wild: cf. F. ferocit\'82. See Fierce.] Savage wildness or
fierceness; fury; cruelty; as, ferocity of countenance.
The pride and ferocity of a Highland chief. Macaulay.
Feroher
Fer*o"her (?), n. (Arch\'91ol.) A symbol of the solar deity, found on
monuments exhumed in Babylon, Nineveh, etc.
Ferous
Fe"rous (?), a. [L. ferus. See Fierce.] Wild; savage. [R.] Arthur
Wilson.
-ferous
-fer*ous (?). [L. -fer. fr. ferre to bear. See Bear to support.] A
suffix signifying bearing, producing, yielding; as, auriferous,
yielding gold; chyliferous, producing chyle.
Ferrandine
Fer*ran"dine (? OR ?), n. [F.; cf. OF. ferrant iron-gray, from L.
ferrum iron.] A stuff made of silk and wool.
I did buy a colored silk ferrandine. Pepys.
Ferrara
Fer*ra"ra (?), n. A sword bearing the mark of one of the Ferrara
family of Italy. These swords were highly esteemed in England and
Scotland in the 16th and 17th centuries.
Ferrarese
Fer`ra*rese" (?), a. Pertaining to Ferrara, in Italy. -- n., sing. &
pl. A citizen of Ferrara; collectively, the inhabitants of Ferrara.
Ferrary
Fer"ra*ry (?), n. [L. ferraria iron works. See Ferreous.] The art of
working in iron. [Obs.] Chapman.
Ferrate
Fer"rate (?), n. [L. ferrum iron.] (Chem.) A salt of ferric acid.
Ferre, Ferrer
Fer"re (?), Fer"rer (?), a. & adv. Obs. compar. of Fer.
Ferreous
Fer"re*ous (?), a. [L. ferreus, fr. ferrum iron. Cf. Farrier,
Ferrous.] Partaking of, made of, or pertaining to, iron; like iron.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Ferrest
Fer"rest (?), a. & adv. Obs. superl. of Fer. Chaucer.
Ferret
Fer"ret (?), n. [F. furet, cf. LL. furo; prob. fr. L. fur thief (cf.
Furtive); cf. Arm. fur wise, sly.] (Zo\'94l.) An animal of the Weasel
family (Mustela OR Putorius furo), about fourteen inches in length, of
a pale yellow or white color, with red eyes. It is a native of Africa,
but has been domesticated in Europe. Ferrets are used to drive rabbits
and rats out of their holes.
Ferret
Fer"ret, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ferreted; p. pr. & vb. n. Ferreting.]
[Cf. F. fureter. See Ferret, n.] To drive or hunt out of a lurking
place, as a ferret does the cony; to search out by patient and
sagacious efforts; -- often used with out; as, to ferret out a secret.
Master Fer! I'll fer him, and firk him, and ferret him. Shak.
Ferret
Fer"ret, n. [Ital. foretto, dim. of fiore flower; or F. fleuret. Cf.
Floret.] A kind of narrow tape, usually made of woolen; sometimes of
cotton or silk; -- called also ferreting.
Ferret
Fer"ret, n. [F. feret, dim. or fer iron, L. ferrum.] (Glass Making)
The iron used for trying the melted glass to see if is fit to work,
and for shaping the rings at the mouths of bottles.
Ferreter
Fer"ret*er (?), n. One who ferrets. Johnson.
Ferret-eye
Fer"ret-eye` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The spur-winged goose; -- so called
from the red circle around the eyes.
Ferretto
Fer*ret"to (?), n. [It. ferretto di Spagna, dim. of ferro iron, fr. L.
ferrum.] Copper sulphide, used to color glass. Hebert.
Ferri-
Fer"ri- (. (Chem.) A combining form indicating ferric iron as an
ingredient; as, ferricyanide.
Ferriage
Fer"ri*age (?; 48), n. [From Ferry.] The price or fare to be paid for
passage at a ferry.
Ferric
Fer"ric (?), a. [L. ferrum iron: cf. F. ferrique. See Ferrous.]
Pertaining to, derived from, or containing iron. Specifically (Chem.),
denoting those compounds in which iron has a higher valence than in
the ferrous compounds; as, ferric oxide; ferric acid. Ferric acid
(Chem.), an acid, H2FeO4, which is not known in the free state, but
forms definite salts, analogous to the chromates and sulphates. --
Ferric oxide (Chem.), sesquioxide of iron, Fe2O3; hematite. See
Hematite.
Ferricyanat
Fer`ri*cy"a*nat (?), n. [Ferri- + cyanate.] (Chem.) A salt of
ferricyanic acid; a ferricyanide.
Ferricyanic
Fer`ri*cy*an"ic (?), a. [Ferri- + cyanic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or
derived from, a ferricyanide. Ferricyanic acid (Chem.), a brown
crystalline substance, H6(CN)12Fe2, obtained from potassium
ferricyanide, and regarded as the type of the ferricyanides; -- called
also hydro-ferricyanic acid, hydrogen ferricyanide, etc.
Ferricyanide
Fer`ri*cy"a*nide (?; 104), n. [Ferri- + cyanide.] (Chem.) One of a
complex series of double cyanides of ferric iron and some other base.
Potassium ferricyanide (Chem.), red prussiate of potash; a dark, red,
crystalline salt, K6(CN)12Fe2, consisting of the double cyanide of
potassium and ferric iron. From it is derived the ferrous
ferricyanate, Turnbull's blue.
Ferrier
Fer"ri*er (?), n. A ferryman. Calthrop.
Ferriferous
Fer*rif"er*ous (?), a. [L. ferrum iron + -ferous: cf. F.
ferrif\'8are.] Producing or yielding iron.
Ferriprussiate
Fer`ri*prus"si*ate (? OR ?; see Prussiate, 277), n. [Ferri- +
prussiate.] (Chem.) A ferricyanate; a ferricyanide. [R.]
Ferriprussic
Fer`ri*prus"sic (? OR ?; see Prussik, 277), a. [Ferri- + prussic.]
(Chem.) Ferricyanic. [R.]
Ferro-
Fer"ro- (. (Chem.) A prefix, or combining form, indicating ferrous
iron as an ingredient; as, ferrocyanide.
Ferrocalcite
Fer`ro*cal"cite (?), n. [Ferro- + calcite.] Limestone containing a
large percentage of iron carbonate, and hence turning brown on
exposure.
Ferrocyanate
Fer`ro*cy"a*nate (?), n. [Ferro- + cyanate: cf. F. ferrocyanate.]
(Chem.) A salt of ferrocyanic acid; a ferrocyanide.
Ferrocyanic
Fer`ro*cy*an"ic (?), a. [Ferro- + cyanic: cf. F. ferrocyanique.]
(Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, a ferrocyanide.
ferrocyanic acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance, H4(CN)6Fe, of
strong acid properties, obtained from potassium ferrocyanide, and
regarded as the type of the ferrocyanides; -- called also
hydro-ferrocyanic acid, hydrogen ferrocyanide. etc.
Ferrocyanide
Fer`ro*cy"a*nide (? OR ?; 104), n. [Ferro- + cyanide.] (Chem.) One of
a series of complex double cyanides of ferrous iron and some other
base. Potassium ferrocyanide (Chem.), yellow prussiate of potash; a
tough, yellow, crystalline salt, K4(CN)6Fe, the starting point in the
manufacture of almost all cyanogen compounds, and the basis of the
ferric ferrocyanate, prussian blue. It is obtained by strongly heating
together potash, scrap iron, and animal matter containing nitrogen, as
horn, leather, blood, etc., in iron pots.
Ferroprussiate
Fer`ro*prus"si*ate (? OR ? OR; see Prussiate, 277), n. ) [Ferro- +
prussiate.] (Chem.) A ferrocyanate; a ferocyanide. [R.]
Ferroprussic
Fer`ro*prus"sic (? OR ?; see Prussic, 277), a. [Ferro- + prussic.]
(Chem.) Ferrocyanic.
Ferroso-
Fer*ro"so- (. (Chem.) See Ferro-.
Ferrotype
Fer"ro*type (?), n. [L. ferrum iron + -type.] A photographic picture
taken on an iron plate by a collodion process; -- familiarly called
tintype.
Ferrous
Fer"rous (?), a. [Cf. F. ferreux. See Ferreous.] (Chem.) Pertaining
to, or derived from, iron; -- especially used of compounds of iron in
which the iron has its lower valence; as, ferrous sulphate.
Ferruginated
Fer*ru"gi*na`ted (?), a. [See Ferrugo.] Having the color or properties
of the rust of iron.
Ferrugineous
Fer`ru*gin"e*ous (?), a. Ferruginous. [R.]
Ferruginous
Fer*ru"gi*nous (?), a. [L. ferruginus, ferrugineus, fr. ferrugo,
-ginis, iron rust: cf. F. ferrugineux. See Ferrugo.]
1. Partaking of iron; containing particles of iron. Boyle.
2. Resembling iron rust in appearance or color; brownish red, or
yellowish red.
Ferrugo
Fer*ru"go (?), n. [L., iron rust, fr. ferrum iron.] A disease of
plants caused by fungi, commonly called the rust, from its resemblance
to iron rust in color.
Ferrule
Fer"rule (? OR ?; 277), n. [Formerly verrel, F. virole, fr. L. viriola
little bracelet, dim. of viriae, pl., bracelets; prob. akin to viere
to twist, weave, and E. withe. The spelling with f is due to confusion
with L. ferrum iron.]
1. A ring or cap of metal put round a cane, tool, handle, or other
similar object, to strengthen it, or prevent splitting and wearing.
2. (Steam Boilers) A bushing for expanding the end of a flue to fasten
it tightly in the tube plate, or for partly filling up its mouth.
Ferruminate
Fer*ru"mi*nate (?), v. t. [L. ferruminatus, p.p. of ferruminare to
cement, solder, fr. ferrumen cement, fr. ferrum iron.] To solder or
unite, as metals. [R.] Coleridge.
Ferrumination
Fer*ru`mi*na"tion (?), n. [L. ferruminatio: cf. F. ferrumination.] The
soldering ir uniting of me [R.] Coleridge.
Ferry
Fer"ry (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ferried (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ferrying.] [OE. ferien to convey, AS. ferian, from faran to go; akin
to Icel. ferja to ferry, Goth. farjan to sail. See Fare.] To carry or
transport over a river, strait, or other narrow water, in a boat.
Ferry
Fer"ry, v. i. To pass over water in a boat or by a ferry.
They ferry over this Lethean sound Both to and fro. Milton.
Ferry
Fer"ry, n.; pl. Ferries (#). [OE. feri; akin to Icel. ferja, Sw.
f\'84rja, Dan. f\'91rge, G. f\'84hre. See Ferry, v. t.]
1. A place where persons or things are carried across a river, arm of
the sea, etc., in a ferryboat.
It can pass the ferry backward into light. Milton.
To row me o'er the ferry. Campbell.
2. A vessel in which passengers and goods are conveyed over narrow
waters; a ferryboat; a wherry.
3. A franchise or right to maintain a vessel for carrying passengers
and freight across a river, bay, etc., charging tolls.
Ferry bridge, a ferryboat adapted in its structure for the transfer of
railroad trains across a river or bay. -- Ferry railway. See under
Railway.
Ferryboat
Fer"ry*boat` (?), n. A vessel for conveying passengers, merchandise,
etc., across streams and other narrow waters.
Ferryman
Fer"ry*man (?), n.; pl. Ferrymen (. One who maintains or attends a
ferry.
Fers
Fers (?), a. Fierce. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Ferthe
Ferthe (?), a. Fourth. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fertile
Fer"tile (? OR ?; 277), a. [L. fertilis, fr. ferr to bear, produce:
cf. F. fertile. See Bear to support.]
1. Producing fruit or vegetation in abundance; fruitful; able to
produce abundantly; prolific; fecund; productive; rich; inventive; as,
fertile land or fields; a fertile mind or imagination.
Though he in a fertile climate dwell. Shak.
2. (Bot.) (a) Capable of producing fruit; fruit-bearing; as, fertile
flowers. (b) Containing pollen; -- said of anthers.
3. produced in abundance; plenteous; ample.
Henceforth, my early care . . . Shall tend thee, and the fertile
burden ease Of thy full branches. Milton.
Syn. -- Fertile, Fruitful. Fertile implies the inherent power of
production; fruitful, the act. The prairies of the West are fertile by
nature, and are turned by cultivation into fruitful fields. The same
distinction prevails when these words are used figuratively. A man of
fertile genius has by nature great readiness of invention; one whose
mind is fruitful has resources of thought and a readiness of
application which enable him to think and act effectively.
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Fertilely
Fer"tile*ly (? OR ?; 277), adv. In a fertile or fruitful manner.
fertileness
fer"tile*ness, n. Fertility. Sir P. Sidney.
Fertilitate
Fer*til"i*tate (?), v. t. To fertilize; to fecundate. Sir T. Browne.
Fertility
Fer*til"i*ty (?), n. [L. fertilitas: cf. F. fertilit\'82.] The state
or quality of being fertile or fruitful; fruitfulness; productiveness;
fecundity; richness; abundance of resources; fertile invention;
quickness; readiness; as, the fertility of soil, or of imagination.
"fertility of resource." E. Everett.
And all her husbandry doth lie on heaps Corrupting in its own
fertility. Shak.
Thy very weeds are beautiful; thy waste More rich than other
climes' fertility. Byron.
Fertilization
Fer`ti*li*za"tion (?), n.
1. The act or process of rendering fertile.
2. (Biol.) The act of fecundating or impregnating animal or vegetable
germs; esp., the process by which in flowers the pollen renders the
ovule fertile, or an analogous process in flowerless plants;
fecundation; impregnation.
Close fertilization (Bot.), the fertilization of pistils by pollen
derived from the stamens of the same blossom. -- Cross fertilization,
fertilization by pollen from some other blossom. See under Cross, a.
Fertilize
Fer"ti*lize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fertilized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fertilizing (?).] [Cf. F. fertiliser.]
1. To make fertile or enrich; to supply with nourishment for plants;
to make fruitful or productive; as, to fertilize land, soil, ground,
and meadows.
And fertilize the field that each pretends to gain. Byron.
2. To fecundate; as, to fertilize flower. A. R. Wallace.
Fertilizer
Fer"ti*lizer (?), n.
1. One who fertilizes; the agent that carries the fertilizing
principle, as a moth to an orchid. A. R. Wallace.
2. That which renders fertile; a general name for commercial manures,
as guano, phosphate of lime, etc.
Ferula
Fer"u*la (?), n. [L. ferula giant fennel (its stalks were used in
punishing schoolboys), rod, whip, fr. ferire to strike; akin to OHG.
berjan, Icel. berja. Cf. Ferule.]
1. A ferule. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
2. The imperial scepter in the Byzantine or Eastern Empire.
Ferulaceous
Fer`u*la"ceous (?), a. [L. ferulaceus, fr. ferula rod: cf. F.
f\'82rulac\'82.] Pertaining to reeds and canes; having a stalk like a
reed; as, ferulaceous plants.
Ferular
Fer"u*lar (?), n. A ferule. [Obs.] Milton.
Ferule
Fer"ule (? OR ?; 277), n. [L. ferula: cf. F. f\'82rule. See Ferula.] A
flat piece of wood, used for striking, children, esp. on the hand, in
punishment.
Ferule
Fer"ule (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Feruled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Feruling.] To punish with a ferule.
Ferulic
Fe*ru"lic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, asafetida
(Ferula asaf\'d2tida); as, ferulic acid. [Written also ferulaic.]
Fervence
Fer"vence (?), n. Heat; fervency. [Obs.]
Fervency
Fer"ven*cy (?), n. [Cf. OF. fervence. See Fervent.] The state of being
fervent or warm; ardor; warmth of feeling or devotion; eagerness.
When you pray, let it be with attention, with fervency, and with
perseverance. Wake.
Fervent
Fer"vent (?), a. [F. fervent, L. fervens, -entis. p.pr. of fervere o
the boiling hot, to boil, glow.]
1. Hot; glowing; boiling; burning; as, a fervent summer.
The elements shall melt with fervent heat. 2 Pet. iii. 10.
2. Warm in feeling; ardent in temperament; earnest; full of fervor;
zealous; glowing.
Not slothful in business; fervent in spirit. Rom. iii. 11.
So spake the fervent angel. Milton.
A fervent desire to promote the happiness of mankind. Macaulay.
-- Fer"vent*ly, adv. -- Fer"vent*ness, n.
Laboring fervently for you in prayers. Col. iv. 12.
Fervescent
Fer*ves"cent (?), a. [L. fervescens, p.pr. of fervescere to become
boiling hot, incho., fr. fervere. See Fervent.] Growing hot.
Fervid
Fer"vid (?), a. [L. fervidus, fr. fervere. See Fervent.]
1. Very hot; burning; boiling.
The mounted sun Shot down direct his fervid rays. Milton.
2. Ardent; vehement; zealous.
The fervid wishes, holy fires. Parnell.
-- Fer"vid*ly, adv. -- Fer"vid*ness, n.
Fervor
Fer"vor (?), n. [Written also fervour.] [OF. fervor, fervour, F.
ferveur, L. fervor, fr. fervere. See Fervent.]
1. Heat; excessive warmth.
The fevor of ensuing day. Waller.
2. Intensity of feeling or expression; glowing ardor; passion; holy
zeal; earnestness. Hooker.
Winged with fervor of her love. Shak.
Syn. -- Fervor, Ardor. Fervor is a boiling heat, and ardor is a
burning heat. Hence, in metaphor, we commonly use fervor and its
derivatives when we conceive of thoughts or emotions under the image
of ebullition, or as pouring themselves forth. Thus we speak of the
fervor of passion, fervid declamation, fervid importunity, fervent
supplication, fervent desires, etc. Ardent is used when we think of
anything as springing from a deepseated glow of soul; as, ardent
friendship, ardent zeal, ardent devotedness; burning with ardor for
the fight.
Fescennine
Fes"cen*nine (?), a. [L. Fescenninus, fr. Fescennia, a city of
Etruria.] Pertaining to, or resembling, the Fescennines. -- n. A style
of low, scurrilous, obscene poetry originating in fescennia.
Fescue
Fes"cue (?), n. [OE. festu, OF. festu, F. f\'82tu, fr. L. festuca
stalk, straw.]
1. A straw, wire, stick, etc., used chiefly to point out letters to
children when learning to read. "Pedantic fescue.' Sterne.
To come under the fescue of an imprimatur. Milton.
2. An instrument for playing on the harp; a plectrum. [Obs.] Chapman.
3. The style of a dial. [Obs.]
4. (Bot.) A grass of the genus Festuca.
Fescue grass (Bot.), a genus of grasses (Festuca) containing several
species of importance in agriculture. Festuca ovina is sheep's fescue;
F. elatior is meadow fescue.
Fescue
Fes"cue (?), v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Fescued (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fescuing.] To use a fescue, or teach with a fescue. Milton.
Fesels
Fes"els (?), n. pl. [Written also fasels.] See Phasel. [Obs.] May
(Georgics).
Fess, Fesse
Fess, Fesse (?), n. [OF. fesse, faisse, F. fasce, fr. L. fascia band.
See Fascia.] (Her.) A band drawn horizontally across the center of an
escutcheon, and containing in breadth the third part of it; one of the
nine honorable ordinaries. Fess point (Her.), the exact center of the
escutcheon. See Escutcheon.
Fessitude
Fes"si*tude (?), n. [L. fessus wearied, fatigued.] Weariness. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Fesswise
Fess"wise (?), adv. In the manner of fess.
Fest
Fest (?), n. [See Fist.] The fist. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fest, Feste
Fest, Fes"te (?), n.A feast. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Festal
Fes"tal (?), a. [L. festum holiday, feast. See feast.] Of or
pertaining to a holiday or a feast; joyous; festive.
You bless with choicer wine the festal day. Francis.
Festally
Fes"tal*ly, adv. Joyously; festively; mirthfully.
Festennine
Fes"ten*nine (?), n. A fescennine.
Fester
Fes"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Festered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Festering.] [OE. festern, fr. fester, n.; or fr. OF. festrir, fr.
festre, n. See Fester, n.]
1. To generate pus; to become imflamed and suppurate; as, a sore or a
wound festers.
Wounds immedicable Rankle, and fester, and gangrene. Milton.
Unkindness may give a wound that shall bleed and smart, but it is
treachery that makes it fester. South.
Hatred . . . festered in the hearts of the children of the soil.
Macaulay.
2. To be inflamed; to grow virulent, or malignant; to grow in
intensity; to rankle.
Fester
Fes`ter, v. t. To cause to fester or rankle.
For which I burnt in inward, swelt'ring hate, And fstered ranking
malice in my breast. Marston.
Fester
Fes"ter, n. [OF. festre, L. fistula a sort of ulcer. Cf. Fistula.]
1. A small sore which becomes inflamed and discharge corrupt matter; a
pustule.
2. A festering or rankling.
The fester of the chain their necks. I. Taylor.
Festerment
Fes"ter*ment (?), n. A festering. [R.] Chalmers.
Festeye
Fest"eye (?), v. t. [OF. festier, festeer, F. festoyer.] To feast; to
entertain. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Festinate
Fes"ti*nate (?), a. [L. festinatus, p.p. of festinare to hasten.]
Hasty; hurried. [Obs.] -- Fes"ti*nate*ly, adv. [Obs.] Shak.
Festination
Fes`ti*na"tion (?), n. [L. festinatio.] Haste; hurry. [Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.
Festival
Fes"ti*val (?), a. [OF. festival, fr. L. festivum festive jollity, fr.
festivus festive, gay. See Festive.] Pertaining to a fest; festive;
festal; appropriate to a festival; joyous; mirthful.
I cannot woo in festival terms. Shak.
Festi-val
Fes"ti-val, n. A time of feasting or celebration; an anniversary day
of joy, civil or religious.
The morning trumpets festival proclaimed. Milton.
Syn. -- Feast; banquet; carousal. See Feast.
Festive
Fes"tive (?), a. [L. festivus, fr. festum holiday, feast. See feast,
and cf. Festivous.] Pertaining to, or becoming, a feast; festal;
joyous; gay; mirthful; sportive. -- Fes"tive*ly, adv.
The glad circle round them yield their souls To festive mirth and
wit that knows no gall. Thomson.
Festivity
Fes*tiv"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Festivities (#). [L. festivitas: cf. F.
festivit\'82.]
1. The condition of being festive; social joy or exhilaration of
spirits at an entertaintment; joyfulness; gayety.
The unrestrained festivity of the rustic youth. Bp. Hurd.
2. A festival; a festive celebration. Sir T. Browne.
Festivous
Fes"ti*vous (?), a. [See Festive.] Pertaining to a feast; festive.
[R.] Sir W. Scott.
Festlich
Fest"lich (?), a. [See Feast, n.] Festive; fond of festive occasions.
[Obs.] "A festlich man." Chaucer.
Festoon
Fes*toon" (?), n. [F. feston (cf. Sp. feston, It. festone), prob. fr.
L. festum festival. See Feast.]
1. A garland or wreath hanging in a depending curve, used in
decoration for festivals, etc.; anything arranged in this way.
2. (Arch. & Sculp.) A carved ornament consisting of flowers, and
leaves, intermixed or twisted together, wound with a ribbon, and
hanging or depending in a natural curve. See Illust. of Bucranium.
Festoon
Fes*toon", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Festooned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Festooning.] To form in festoons, or to adorn with festoons.
Festoony
Fes*toon"y (?), a. Pertaining to, consisting of, or resembling,
festoons. Sir J. Herschel.
Festucine
Fes*tu*cine (? OR ?), a. [L. festula stalk, straw. Cf. Fescue.] Of a
straw color; greenish yellow. [Obs.]
A little insect of a festucine or pale green. Sir T. Browne.
Festucous
Fes"tu*cous (?), a. Formed or consisting of straw. [Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.
Festue
Fes"tue (?), n. [See Fescue.] A straw; a fescue. [Obs.] Holland.
Fet
Fet (?), n. [Cf. feat, F. fait, and It. fett slice, G. fetzen rag,
Icel. fat garment.] A piece. [Obs.] Dryton.
Fet
Fet, v. t. [OE. fetten, feten, AS. fetian; akin to AS. f\'91t a
journey, and to E. foot; cf. G. fassen to seize. &root; 77. See Foot,
and cf. Fetch.] To fetch. [Obs.]
And from the other fifty soon the prisoner fet. Spenser.
Fet
Fet, p. p. of Fette. Fetched. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fetal
Fe"tal (?), a. [From Fetus.] Pertaining to, or connected with, a
fetus; as, fetal circulation; fetal membranes.
Fetation
Fe*ta"tion (?), n. The formation of a fetus in the womb; pregnancy.
Fetch
Fetch (?; 224), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fetched 2; p. pr. & vb. n..
Fetching.] [OE. fecchen, AS. feccan, perh. the same word as fetian; or
cf. facian to wish to get, OFries. faka to prepare. &root; 77. Cf.
Fet, v. t.]
1. To bear toward the person speaking, or the person or thing from
whose point of view the action is contemplated; to go and bring; to
get.
Time will run back and fetch the age of gold. Milton.
He called to her, and said, Fetch me, I pray thee, a little water
in a vessel, that I may drink. And as she was going to fetch it he
called to her, and said, Bring me, I pray thee, a morsel of bred in
thine hand. 1 Kings xvii. 11, 12.
2. To obtain as price or equivalent; to sell for.
Our native horses were held in small esteem, and fetched low
prices. Macaulay.
3. To recall from a swoon; to revive; -- sometimes with to; as, to
fetch a man to.
Fetching men again when they swoon. Bacon.
4. To reduce; to throw.
The sudden trip in wrestling that fetches a man to the ground.
South.
5. To bring to accomplishment; to achieve; to make; to perform, with
certain objects; as, to fetch a compass; to fetch a leap; to fetch a
sigh.
I'll fetch a turn about the garden. Shak.
He fetches his blow quick and sure. South.
6. To bring or get within reach by going; to reach; to arrive at; to
attain; to reach by sailing.
Meantine flew our ships, and straight we fetched The siren's isle.
Chapman.
7. To cause to come; to bring to a particular state.
They could n't fetch the butter in the churn. W. Barnes.
To fetch a compass (Naut.), to make a sircuit; to take a circuitious
route going to a place. -- To fetch a pump, to make it draw water by
pouring water into the top and working the handle. -- To fetch headway
OR sternway (Naut.), to move ahead or astern. -- To fetch out, to
develop. "The skill of the polisher fetches out the colors [of
marble]" Addison. -- To fetch up. (a) To overtake. [Obs.] "Says [the
hare], I can fetch up the tortoise when I please." L'Estrange. (b) To
stop suddenly.
fetch
fetch, v. i. To bring one's self; to make headway; to veer; as, to
fetch about; to fetch to windward. Totten. To fetch away (Naut.), to
break loose; to roll slide to leeward. -- To fetch and carry, to serve
obsequiously, like a trained spaniel.
Fetch
Fetch, n.
1. A stratagem by which a thing is indirectly brought to pass, or by
which one thing seems intended and another is done; a trick; an
artifice.
Every little fetch of wit and criticism. South.
2. The apparation of a living person; a wraith.
The very fetch and ghost of Mrs. Gamp. Dickens.
Fetch candle, a light seen at night, superstitiously believed to
portend a person's death.
Fethcer
Fethc"er (?), n. One wo fetches or brings.
Fete
Fete (?), n. [See feat.] A feat. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fete
Fete, n. pl. [See Foot.] Feet. [Obs.] Chaucer.
F\'88te
F\'88te (?), n. [F. See Feast.] A festival. F\'88te champ\'88tre (
[F.], a festival or entertainment in the open air; a rural festival.
F\'88te
F\'88te (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. F\'88ted; p. pr. & vb. n. F\'88ting.]
[Cf. F. f\'88ter.] To feast; to honor with a festival.
Fetich, Fetish
Fe"tich, Fe"tish (?), n.[F. f\'82tiche, from Pg. feiti, adj., n.,
sorcery, charm, fr. L. facticius made by art, artifical, factitious.
See Factitious.]
1. A material object supposed among certain African tribes to
represent in such a way, or to be so connected with, a supernatural
being, that the possession of it gives to the possessor power to
control that being.
2. Any object to which one is excessively devoted.
fetichism, Fetishism
fe"tich*ism, Fe"tish*ism (? OR ?); 277), n.[Cf. F. f\'82tichisme.]
[Written also feticism.]
1. The doctrine or practice of belief in fetiches.
2. Excessive devotion to one object or one idea; abject superstition;
blind adoration.
The real and absolute worship of fire falls into two great
divisions, the first belonging rather to fetichism, the second to
polytheism proper. Tylor.
Fetichist, Fetishist
Fe"tich*ist, Fe"tish*ist, n.A believer in fetiches.
He was by nature a fetichist. H. Holbeach.
Fetichistic, Fetishistic
Fe`tich*is"tic (?), Fe`tish*is"tic, a. Pertaining to, or involving,
fetichism.
A man of the fifteenth century, inheriting its strange web of
belief and unbelief, of epicurean levity and fetichistic dread. G.
Eliot.
Feticide
Fe"ti*cide (? OR ?), n. [Written also f\'d2ticide.] [Fetus + L.
caedere to kill.] (Med. & Law) The act of killing the fetus in the
womb; the offense of procuring an abortion.
Feticism
Fe"ti*cism (?), n. See Fetichism.
Fetid
Fet"id (? OR ?; 277), a. [L. fetidus, foetidus, fr. fetere, foetere,
to have an ill smell, to stink: cf. F. f\'82tide.] Having an offensive
smell; stinking.
Most putrefactions . . . smell either fetid or moldy. Bacon.
Fetidity
Fet*id"i*ty (? OR ?), n. Fetidness.
Fetidness
Fet"id*ness, n. The quality or state of being fetid.
Fetiferous
Fe*tif"er*ous (?), a. [Fetus + -ferous.] Producing young, as animals.
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Fetis
Fe"tis (?), a. [OF. fetis, faitis. Cf. Factitious.] Neat; pretty; well
made; graceful. [Obs.]
Full fetis was her cloak, as I was ware. Chaucer.
Fetisely
Fe"tise*ly (?), adv. Neatly; gracefully; properly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fetish, n., Fetishism
Fe"tish (?), n., Fe"tish*ism (, n., Fe`tish*is"tic (, a. See Fetich,
n., Fetichism, n., Fetichistic, a.
Fetlock
Fet"lock (?), n. [OE. fetlak, fitlock, cf. Icel. fet pace, step, fit
webbed foot of water birds, akin to E. foot. &root; 77. See Foot.] The
cushionlike projection, bearing a tuft of long hair, on the back side
of the leg above the hoof of the horse and similar animals. Also, the
joint of the limb at this point (between the great pastern bone and
the metacarpus), or the tuft of hair.
Their wounded steeds Fret fetlock deep in gore. Shak.
Fetor
Fe"tor (?), n. [L. fetor, foetor. See Fetid.] A strong, offensive
smell; stench; fetidness. Arbuthnot.
Fette
Fet"te (? OR ?), v.t. [imp. Fette, p.p. Fet.] [See Fet, v. t.] To
fetch. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fetter
Fet"ter (?), n. [AS. fetor, feter; akin to OS. feter, pl., OD. veter,
OHG. fezzera, Icel. fj\'94turr, L. pedi, Gr. foot. &root; 77. See
Foot.] [Chiefly used in the plural, fetters.]
1. A chain or shackle for the feet; a chain by which an animal is
confined by the foot, either made fast or disabled from free and rapid
motion; a bond; a shackle.
[They] bound him with fetters of brass. Judg. xvi. 21.
2. Anything that confines or restrains; a restraint.
Passion's too fierce to be in fetters bound. Dryden.
Fetter
Fet"ter, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Fettered (n. Fettering.] 1. To put fetters
upon; to shakle or confine the feet of with a chain; to bind.
My heels are fettered, but my fist is free. Milton.
2. To reastrain from motion; to impose restrains on; to confine; to
enchain; as, fettered by obligations.
My conscience! thou art fettered More than my shanks and wrists.
Shak.
Fettered
Fet"tered (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Seeming as if fettered, as the feet pf
certain animals which bend backward, and appear unfit for walking.
Fetterer
Fet"ter*er (?), n. One who fetters. Landor.
Fetterless
Fet"ter*less, a. Free from fetters. Marston.
Fettle
Fet"tle (?), v. t. [OE. & Prov. E., to fettle (in sense 1), fettle,
n., order, repair, preparation, dress; prob. akin to E. fit. See Fit,
a.] 1. To repair; to prepare; to put in order. [Prov. Eng.] Carlyle.
2. (Metal.) To cover or line with a mixture of ore, cinders, etc., as
the hearth of a puddling furnace.
Fettle
Fet"tle, v. i. To make preparations; to put things in order; to do
trifling business. [Prov. Eng.] Bp. Hall.
Fettle
Fet"tle, n. The act of fettling. [Prov. Eng.] Wright. In fine fettle,
in good spirits.
Fettling
Fet"tling (?), n.
1. (Metal.) A mixture of ore, cinders, etc., used to line the hearth
of a puddling furnace. [Eng.] [It is commonly called fix in the United
States.]
2. (Pottery) The operation of shaving or smoothing the surface of
undried clay ware.
Fetuous
Fet"u*ous (?), a. Neat; feat. [Obs.] Herrick.
Fetus
Fe"tus (?), n.; pl. Fetuses (#). [L. fetus, foetus, a bringing forth,
brood, offspring, young ones, cf. fetus fruitful, fructified, that is
or was filled with young; akin to E. fawn a deer, fecundity, felicity,
feminine, female, and prob. to do, or according to others, to be.] The
young or embryo of an animal in the womb, or in the egg; often
restricted to the later stages in the development of viviparous and
oviparous animals, embryo being applied to the earlier stages.
[Written also f\'d2tus.]
Fetwah
Fet"wah (?), n. [Ar.] A written decision of a Turkish mufti on some
point of law.<-- written also fatwah --> Whitworth.
Feu
Feu (?), n. [See 2d Feud, and Fee.] (Scots Law) A free and gratuitous
right to lands made to one for service to be performed by him; a
tenure where the vassal, in place of military services, makes a return
in grain or in money. Burrill.
Feuar
Feu"ar (?), n. [From Feu.] (Scots Law) One who holds a feu. Sir W.
Scott.
Feud
Feud (?), n. [OE. feide, AS. f, fr. f\'beh hostile; akin to OHG. f, G.
fehde, Sw. fejd, D. feide; prob. akin to E. fiend. See Foe.]
1. A combination of kindred to avenge injuries or affronts, done or
offered to any of their blood, on the offender and all his race.
2. A contention or quarrel; especially, an inveterate strife between
families, clans, or parties; deadly hatred; contention satisfied only
by bloodshed.
Mutual feuds and battles betwixt their several tribes and kindreds.
Purchas.
Syn. -- Affray; fray; broil; contest; dispute; strife.
Feud
Feud, n. [LL. feudum, feodum prob. of same origin as E. fief. See
Fief, Fee.] (Law) A stipendiary estate in land, held of superior, by
service; the right which a vassal or tenant had to the lands or other
immovable thing of his lord, to use the same and take the profists
thereof hereditarily, rendering to his superior such duties and
services as belong to military tenure, etc., the property of the soil
always remaining in the lord or superior; a fief; a fee.
Feudal
Feu"dal (?), a. [F. f\'82odal, or LL. feudalis.]
1. Of or pertaining to feuds, fiefs, or feels; as, feudal rights or
services; feudal tenures.
2. Consisting of, or founded upon, feuds or fiefs; embracing tenures
by military services; as, the feudal system.
Feudalism
Feu"dal*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. f\'82odalisme.] The feudal system; a
system by which the holding of estates in land is made dependent upon
an obligation to render military service to the kind or feudal
superior; feudal principles and usages.
Feudalist
Feu"dal*ist, n. An upholder of feudalism.
Feudality
Feu*dal"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. f\'82odalit\'82.] The state or quality of
being feudal; feudal form or constitution. Burke.
Fedaliza/tion
Fe`dal*i*za/tion (?), n. The act of reducing to feudal tenure.
Feudalize
Feu"dal*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Feudalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Feudalizing (?).] To reduce toa feudal tenure; to conform to
feudalism.
Feudally
Feu"dal*ly, adv. In a feudal manner.
Feudary
Feu"da*ry (?), a. [LL. feudarius, fr. feudum. See 2d Feud.] Held by,
or pertaining to, feudal tenure.
Feudary
Feu"da*ry, n.
1. A tenant who holds his lands by feudal service; a feudatory. Foxe.
2. A feodary. See Feodary.
Feudataty
Feu"da*ta*ty (?), a. & n. [LL. feudatarius: cf. F. feudataire.] See
Feudatory.
Feudatory
Feu"da*to*ry (?), n.; pl. Feudatories (. A tenant or vassal who held
his lands of a superior on condition of feudal service; the tenant of
a feud or fief.
The grantee . . . was styled the feudatory or vassal. Blackstone.
[He] had for feudatories great princes. J. H. Newman.
Feudtory
Feu"dto*ry, a. Held from another on some conditional tenure; as, a
feudatory title. Bacon. <-- no pos in original = n. -->
Feu de joie
Feu` de joie" (?). [F., lit., fire of joy.] A fire kindled in a public
place in token of joy; a bonfire; a firing of guns in token of joy.
Feudist
Feud"ist (?), n. [Cf. F. feudiste.] A writer on feuds; a person versed
in feudal law. Spelman.
Feuillants
Feu`illants" (?), n. pl. A reformed branch of the Bernardines, founded
in 1577 at Feuillans, near Toulouse, in France.
Feuillemort
Feuille"mort` (?), a. [F. feuille morte a dead leaf.] Having the color
of a faded leaf. Locke.
Feuilleton
Feu`ille*ton" (? OR ?), n. [F., from feulle leaf.] A part of a French
newspaper (usually the bottom of the page), devoted to light
literature, criticism, etc.; also, the article or tale itself, thus
printed.
Feuilltonist
Feuill"ton*ist (?), n. [F. feuilletoniste.] A writer of feuilletons.
F. Harrison.
feuter
feu"ter (, v. t. [OE. feutre rest for a lance, OF. feutre, fautre,
feltre, felt, cushion, rest for a lance, fr. LL. filtrum, feltrum; of
German origin, and akin to E. felt. See Felt, and cf. Filter.] To set
close; to fix in rest, as a spear. Spenser.
Feuterer
Feu"ter*er (?), n. [Either fr. G. f\'81tterer feeder, or corrupted fr.
OF. vautrier, vaultrier; fr. vaultre, viautre, a kind of hound, fr. L.
vertragus, vertraga, a greyhound. The last is of Celtic origin.] A dog
keeper. [Obs.] Massinger.
Fever
Fe"ver (?), n. [OE. fever, fefer, AS. fefer, fefor, L. febris: cf. F.
fi\'8avre. Cf. Febrile.]
1. (Med.) A diseased state of the system, marked by increased heat,
acceleration of the pulse, and a general derangement of the functions,
including usually, thirst and loss of appetite. Many diseases, of
which fever is the most prominent symptom, are denominated fevers; as,
typhoid fever; yellow fever.
NOTE: &hand; Re mitting fe vers su bside or ab ate at in tervals;
intermitting fevers intermit or entirely cease at intervals;
continued or continual fevers neither remit nor intermit.
2. Excessive excitement of the passions in consequence of strong
emotion; a condition of great excitement; as, this quarrel has set my
blood in a fever.
An envious fever Of pale and bloodless emulation. Shak.
After life's fitful fever he sleeps well. Shak.
Brain fever, Continued fever, etc. See under Brain, Continued, etc. --
Fever and ague, a form of fever recurring in paroxysms which are
preceded by chills. It is of malarial origin. -- Fever blister (Med.),
a blister or vesicle often found about the mouth in febrile states; a
variety of herpes. -- Fever bush (Bot.), the wild allspice or spice
bush. See Spicewood. -- Fever powder. Same as Jame's powder. -- Fever
root (Bot.), an American herb of the genus Triosteum (T. perfoliatum);
-- called also feverwort amd horse gentian. -- Fever sore, a carious
ulcer or necrosis. Miner.
Fever
Fe"ver, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fevered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fevering.] To
put into a fever; to affect with fever; as, a fevered lip. [R.]
The white hand of a lady fever thee. Shak.
Feveret
Fe"ver*et (?), n. A slight fever. [Obs.] Ayliffe.
Feverfew
Fe"ver*few (?), n. [AS. feferfuge, fr. L. febrifugia. See fever,
Fugitive, and cf. Febrifuge.] (Bot.) A perennial plant (Pyrethrum, OR
Chrysanthemum, Parthenium) allied to camomile, having finely divided
leaves and white blossoms; -- so named from its supposed febrifugal
qualities.
Feverish
Fe"ver*ish, a.
1. Having a fever; suffering from, or affected with, a moderate degree
of fever; showing increased heat and thirst; as, the patient is
feverish.
2. Indicating, or pertaining to, fever; characteristic of a fever; as,
feverish symptoms.
3. Hot; sultry. "The feverish north." Dryden.
4. Disordered as by fever; excited; restless; as, the feverish
condition of the commercial world.
Strive to keep up a frail and feverish bing. Milton.
-- Fe"ver*ish*ly, adv. -- Fe"ver*ish*ness, n.
Feverous
Fe"ver*ous (?), a. [Cf.F. fi\'82vreux.]
1. Affected with fever or ague; feverish.
His heart, love's feverous citadel. Keats.
2. Pertaining to, or having the nature of, fever; as, a feverous
pulse.
All maladies . . . all feverous kinds. Milton.
3. Having the tendency to produce fever; as, a feverous disposition of
the year. [R.] Bacon.
Feverously
Fe"ver*ous*ly, adv. Feverishly. [Obs.] Donne.
Feverwort
Fe"ver*wort` (?), n. See Fever root, under Fever.
Fevery
Fe"ver*y (?), a. Feverish. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Few
Few (?), a. [Compar. Fewer (?); superl. Fewest.] [OE. fewe, feawe, AS.
fe\'a0, pl. fe\'a0we; akin to OS. f\'beh, OHG. f\'b5, Icel. f\'ber,
Sw. f\'86, pl., Dan. faa, pl., Goth. faus, L. paucus, cf. Gr.
Paucity.] Not many; small, limited, or confined in number; --
indicating a small portion of units or individuals constituing a
whole; often, by ellipsis of a noun, a few people. "Are not my days
few?" Job x. 20.
Few know and fewer care. Proverb.
NOTE: &hand; Few is often used partitively; as, few of them.
A few, a small number. -- In few, in a few words; briefly. Shak. - No
few, not few; more than a few; many. Cowper. - The few, the minority;
-- opposed to the many or the majority.
Fewel
Fe"wel (?), n. [See Fuel.] Fuel. [Obs.] Hooker.
Fewmet
Few"met (?), n. See Fumet. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Fewness
Few"ness, n.
1. The state of being few; smallness of number; paucity. Shak.
2. Brevity; conciseness. [Obs.] Shak.
Fey
Fey (?), a. [AS. f, Icel. feigr, OHG. feigi.] Fated; doomed. [Old Eng.
& Scot.]
Fey
Fey (?), n. [See Fay faith.] Faith. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fey
Fey (?), v. t. [Cf. Feague.] To cleanse; to clean out. [Obs.] Tusser.
Feyne
Feyne (?), v. t. To feign. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Feyre
Feyre (?), n. A fair or market. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fez
Fez (?), n. [F., fr. the town of Fez in Morocco.] A felt or cloth cap,
usually red and having a tassel, -- a variety of the tarboosh. See
Tarboosh. B. Taylor.
Fiacre
Fia"cre (?), n. [F.] A kind of French hackney coach.
Fiance
Fi"ance (?), v. t. [F. fiancer. See Affiance.] To betroth; to
affiance. [Obs.] Harmar.
Fianc\'82
Fi`an`c\'82" (?), n. [F.] A betrothed man.
Fianc\'82e
Fi`an`c\'82e" (?), n. [F.] A betrothed woman.
Fiants
Fi"ants (?), n. [F. fiente dung.] The dung of the fox, wolf, boar, or
badger.
Fiar
Fi"ar (? OR ?), n. [See Feuar.]
1. (Scots Law) One in whom the property of an estate is vested,
subject to the estate of a life renter.
I am fiar of the lands; she a life renter. Sir W. Scott.
2. pl. The price of grain, as legally fixed, in the counties of
Scotland, for the current year.
Fiasco
Fi*as"co (?), n.; pl. Fiascoes (#). [It.] A complete or ridiculous
failure, esp. of a musical performance, or of any pretentious
undertaking.
Fiat
Fi"at (?), n. [L., let it be done, 3d pers. sing., subj. pres., fr.
fieri, used as pass. of facere to make. Cf. Be.]
1. An authoritative command or order to do something; an effectual
decree.
His fiat laid the corner stone. Willis.
2. (Eng. Law) (a) A warrant of a judge for certain processes. (b) An
authority for certain proceedings given by the Lord Chancellor's
signature.
Fiat money, irredeemable paper currency, not resting on a specie
basis, but deriving its purchasing power from the declaratory fiat of
the government issuing it.
Fiaunt
Fi*aunt" (?), n. Commission; fiat; order; decree. [Obs.] Spenser.
Fib
Fib (?), n. [Prob. fr. fable; cf. Prov. E. fibble-fabble nonsense.] A
falsehood; a lie; -- used euphemistically.
They are very serious; they don't tell fibs. H. James.
Fib
Fib, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fibbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fibbing (?).] To
speak falsely. [Colloq.]
Fib
Fib, v. t. To tell a fib to. [R.] De Quincey.
Fibber
Fib"ber (?), n. One who tells fibs.
Fiber, Fibre
Fi"ber, Fi"bre, (, n. [F. fibre, L. fibra.]
1. One of the delicate, threadlike portions of which the tissues of
plants and animals are in part constituted; as, the fiber of flax or
of muscle.
2. Any fine, slender thread, or threadlike substance; as, a fiber of
spun glass; especially, one of the slender rootlets of a plant.
3. Sinew; strength; toughness; as, a man of real fiber.
Yet had no fibers in him, nor no force. Chapman.
4. A general name for the raw material, such as cotton, flax, hemp,
etc., used in textile manufactures.
Fiber gun, a kind of steam gun for converting, wood, straw, etc., into
fiber. The material is shut up in the gun with steam, air, or gas at a
very high pressure which is afterward relieved suddenly by letting a
lid at the muzzle fly open, when the rapid expansion separates the
fibers. -- Fiber plants (Bot.), plants capable of yielding fiber
useful in the arts, as hemp, flax, ramie, agave, etc.
Fibered, Fibred
Fi"bered, Fi"bred (?), a. Having fibers; made up of fibers.
Fiber-faced, Fibre-faced
Fi"ber-faced`, Fi"bre-faced` (?), a. Having a visible fiber embodied
in the surface of; -- applied esp. to a kind of paper for checks,
drafts, etc.
Fiberless, Fibreless
Fi"ber*less, Fi"bre*less, a. Having no fibers; destitute of fibers or
fiber.
Fibriform
Fi"bri*form (? OR ?), a. [L. fibra a fiber + -form.] (Biol.) Having
the form of a fiber or fibers; resembling a fiber.
Fibril
Fi"bril (?), n. [F. fibrille, dim. of fibre, L. fibra.] A small fiber;
the branch of a fiber; a very slender thread; a fibrilla. Cheyne.
Fibrilla
Fi*bril"la (?), n.; pl. Fibrill\'92 (#). [NL. See Fibril.] A minute
thread of fiber, as one of the fibrous elements of a muscular fiber; a
fibril.
Fibrillar
Fi"bril*lar (?), a. Of or pertaining to fibrils or fibers; as,
fibrillar twitchings.
Fibrillary
Fi"bril*la*ry (? OR ?), a. Of of pertaining to fibrils.
Fibrillated
Fi"bril*la`ted (? OR ?), a. Furnished with fibrils; fringed.
Fibrillation
Fi`bril*la"tion (?), n. The state of being reduced to fibers.
Carpenter.
Fibrillose
Fi*bril"lose (? OR ?), a. Covered with hairlike appendages, as the
under surface of some lichens; also, composed of little strings or
fibers; as, fibrillose appendages.
_________________________________________________________________
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Fibrillous
Fi*bril"lous (? OR ?), a. [Cf. F. fibraleux.] Pertaining to, or
composed of, fibers.
Fibrin
Fi"brin (?), n. [Cf. F. fibrine. See Fiber.] (Physiol. Chem.)
1. A white, albuminous, fibrous substance, formed in the coagulation
of the blood either by decomposition of fibrinogen, or from the union
of fibrinogen and paraglobulin which exist separately in the blood. It
is insoluble in water, but is readily digestible in gastric and
pancreatic juice.
2. The white, albuminous mass remaining after washing lean beef or
other meat with water until all coloring matter is removed; the
fibrous portion of the muscle tissue; flesh fibrin.
3. An albuminous body, resembling animal fibrin in composition, found
in cereal grains and similar seeds; vegetable fibrin.
Fibrin factors (Physiol.), the albuminous bodies, paraglobulin and
fibrinigen in the blood, which, by the action of the fibrin ferment,
are changed into fibrin, in coagulation. -- Fibrin ferment (Physiol.
Chem.), a ferment which makes its appearance in the blood shortly
after it is shed, and is supposed to be the active agent in causing
coagulation of the blood, with formation of fibrin.
Fibrination
Fi`bri*na"tion (?), n. (Med.) The state of acquiring or having an
excess of fibrin.
Fibrine
Fi"brine (?), a. Belonging to the fibers of plants.
Fibrinogen
Fi*brin"o*gen (?), n. [Fibrin + -gen.] (Physiol. Chem.) An albuminous
substance existing in the blood, and in other animal fluids, which
either alone or with fibrinoplastin or paraglobulin forms fibrin, and
thus causes coagulation.
Fibrinogenous
Fi`bri*nog"e*nous (?), a. (Physiol. Chem.) Possessed of properties
similar to fibrinogen; capable of forming fibrin.
Fibrinoplastic
Fi`bri*no*plas"tic (?), a. (Physiol.Chem.) Like fibrinoplastin;
capable of forming fibrin when brought in contact with fibrinogen.
Fibrinoplastin
Fi`bri*no*plas"tin (?), n. [Fibrin + Gr. (Physiol.Chem.) An albuminous
substance, existing in the blood, which in combination with fibrinogen
forms fibrin; -- called also paraglobulin.
Fibrinous
Fi"bri*nous (? OR ?; 277), a. Having, or partaking of the properties
of, fibrin; as, fibrious exudation.
Fibrocartilage
Fi`bro*car"ti*lage (?), n. [L. fibra a fiber + E. cartilage.] (Anat.)
A kind of cartilage with a fibrous matrix and approaching fibrous
connective tissue in structure. -- Fi`bro*car`ti*lag"i*nous (#), a.
Fibrochondrosteal
Fi`bro*chon*dros"te*al (?), a. [L. fibra a fiber + gr. (Anat.) Partly
fibrous, partly cartilaginous, and partly osseous. St. George Mivart.
Fibroid
Fi"broid (?), a. [L. fibra a fiber + -oid.] (Med.) Resembling or
forming fibrous tissue; made up of fibers; as, fibroid tumors. -- n. A
fibroid tumor; a fibroma. Fibroid degeneration, a form of degeneration
in which organs or tissues are converted into fibroid tissue. --
Fibroid phthists, a form of pulmonary consumption associated with the
formation of fibrous tissue in the lungs, and the gradual atrophy of
the lungs, from the pressure due to the contraction of this tissue.
Fibroin
Fi"bro*in (? OR ?), n. [L. fibra a fiber.] (Chem.) A variety of
gelatin; the chief ingredient of raw silk, extracted as a white
amorphous mass.
Fibrolite
Fi"bro*lite (? OR ?), n. [L. fibra a fiber + -lite: cf. F.
fibrolithe.] (Min.) A silicate of alumina, of fibrous or columnar
structure. It is like andalusite in composition; -- called also
sillimanite, and bucholizite.
Fibroma
Fi*bro"ma (?), n. [NL. See Fiber, and -oma.] (Med.) A tumor consisting
mainly of fibrous tissue, or of same modification of such tissue.
Fibrospongi\'91
Fi`bro*spon"gi*\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. fibra a fiber + spongia a
sponge.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of sponges having a fibrous skeleton,
including the commercial sponges.
Fibrous
Fi"brous (?), a. [Cf. F. fibreux.] Containing, or consisting of,
fibers; as, the fibrous coat of the cocoanut; the fibrous roots of
grasses. -- Fi"brous*ness, n.
Fibrovascular
Fi`bro*vas"cu*lar (?), a. [L. fibra a fiber + E. vascular.] (Bot.)
Containing woody fiber and ducts, as the stems of all flowering plants
and ferns; -- opposed to cellular.
Fibster
Fib"ster (?), n. One who tells fibs. [Jocular]
Fibula
Fib"u*la (?), n.; pl. Fibul\'92 (#). [L., clasp, buckle.]
1. A brooch, clasp, or buckle.
Mere fibul\'91, without a robe to clasp. Wordsworth.
2. (Anat.) The outer and usually the smaller of the two bones of the
leg, or hind limb, below the knee.
3. (Surg.) A needle for sewing up wounds.
Fibu-lar
Fib"u-lar (?), a. Pertaining to the fibula.
Fibulare
Fib`u*la"re (?), n.; pl. Fibularia (#). [NL. See Fibula.] (Anat.) The
bone or cartilage of the tarsus, which articulates with the fibula,
and corresponds to the calcaneum in man and most mammals.
Fice
Fice (?), n. A small dog; -- written also fise, fyce, fiste, etc.
[Southern U.S.]
Fich\'82
Fi*ch\'82 (?), a. (Her.) See Fitch\'90.
Ficttelite
Fict"tel*ite (?), n. (Min.) A white crystallized mineral resin from
the Fichtelgebirge, Bavaria.
Fichu
Fich"u (?), n. [F., neckerchief.] A light cape, usually of lace, worn
by women, to cover the neck and throat, and extending to the
shoulders.
Fickle
Fic"kle (?), a. [OE. fikel untrustworthy, deceitful, AS. ficol, fr.
fic, gefic, fraud, deceit; cf. f\'becen deceit, OS. f, OHG. feichan,
Icel. feikn portent. Cf. Fidget.] Not fixed or firm; liable to change;
unstable; of a changeable mind; not firm in opinion or purpose;
inconstant; capricious; as, Fortune's fickle wheel. Shak.
They know how fickle common lovers are. Dryden.
Syn. -- Wavering; irresolute; unsettled; vacillating; unstable;
inconsonant; unsteady; variable; mutable; changeful; capricious;
veering; shifting.
Fickleness
Fic"kle*ness (?), n. The quality of being fickle; instability;
inconsonancy. Shak.
Fickly
Fic"kly (?), adv. In a fickle manner. [Obs.] Pepys.
Fico
Fi"co (?), n.; pl. Ficoes (#). [It., a fig, fr. L.ficus. See Fig.] A
fig; an insignificant trifle, no more than the snap of one's thumb; a
sign of contempt made by the fingers, expressing. A fig for you.
Steal! foh, a fico for the phrase. Shak.
Fictile
Fic"tile (?), a. [L. fictilis. See Fiction.] Molded, or capable of
being molded, into form by art; relating to pottery or to molding in
any soft material.
Fictile earth is more fragile than crude earth. Bacon.
The earliest specimens of Italian fictile art. C. Wordsworth.
Fictile ware, ware made of any material which is molded or shaped
while soft; hence, pottery of any sort. -- Fic"tile*ness, n. --
Fic*til"i*ty (#), n.
Fiction
Fic"tion (?), n. [F. fiction, L. fictio, fr. fingere, fictum to form,
shape, invent, feign. See Feign.]
1. The act of feigning, inventing, or imagining; as, by a mere fiction
of the mind. Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. That which is feigned, invented, or imagined; especially, a feigned
or invented story, whether oral or written. Hence: A story told in
order to deceive; a fabrication; -- opposed to fact, or reality.
The fiction of those golden apples kept by a dragon. Sir W.
Raleigh.
When it could no longer be denied that her flight had been
voluntary, numerous fictions were invented to account for it.
Macaulay.
3. Fictitious literature; comprehensively, all works of imagination;
specifically, novels and romances.
The office of fiction as a vehicle of instruction and moral
elevation has been recognized by most if not all great educators.
Dict. of Education.
4. (Law) An assumption of a possible thing as a fact, irrespective of
the question of its truth. Wharton.
5. Any like assumption made for convenience, as for passing more
rapidly over what is not disputed, and arriving at points really at
issue. Syn. -- Fabrication; invention; fable; falsehood. -- Fiction,
Fabrication. Fiction is opposed to what is real; fabrication to what
is true. Fiction is designed commonly to amuse, and sometimes to
instruct; a fabrication is always intended to mislead and deceive. In
the novels of Sir Walter Scott we have fiction of the highest order.
The poems of Ossian, so called, were chiefly fabrications by
Macpherson.
Fictional
Fic"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, fiction;
fictitious; romantic."Fictional rather than historical." Latham.
Fictionist
Fic"tion*ist, n. A writer of fiction. [R.] Lamb.
Fictious
Fic"tious (?), a. Fictitious. [R.] Prior.
Fictitious
Fic*ti"tious (?), a. [L. fictitius. See Fiction.] Feigned; imaginary;
not real; fabulous; counterfeit; false; not genuine; as, fictitious
fame.
The human persons are as fictitious as the airy ones. Pope.
-- Fic*ti"tious*ly, adv. -- Fic*ti"tious*ness, n.
Fictive
Fic"tive (?), a. [Cf. F. fictif.] Feigned; counterfeit. "The fount of
fictive tears." Tennyson.
Fictor
Fic"tor (?), n. [L.] An artist who models or forms statues and reliefs
in any plastic material. [R.] Elmes.
Ficus
Fi"cus (?), n. [L., a fig.] A genus of trees or shrubs, one species of
which (F. Carica) produces the figs of commerce; the fig tree.
NOTE: &hand; Fi cus In dica is th e banyan tree; F. religiosa, the
peepul tree; F. elastica, the India-rubber tree.
Fid
Fid (?), n. [Prov. E. fid a small, thick lump.]
1. (Naut.) A square bar of wood or iron, used to support the topmast,
being passed through a hole or mortise at its heel, and resting on the
trestle trees.
2. A wooden or metal bar or pin, used to support or steady anything.
3. A pin of hard wood, tapering to a point, used to open the strands
of a rope in splicing.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere ar e ha nd fi ds an d st anding fids (which are
larger than the others, and stand upon a flat base). An iron
implement for this purpose is called a marline spike.
4. (Mil.) A block of wood used in mounting and dismounting heavy guns.
Fidalgo
Fi*dal"go (?), n. [Pg. See Hidalgo.] The lowest title of nobility in
Portugal, corresponding to that of Hidalgo in Spain.
Fiddle
Fid"dle (?), n. [OE. fidele, fithele, AS. fi; akin to D. vedel, OHG.
fidula, G. fiedel, Icel. fi, and perh. to E. viol. Cf. Viol.]
1. (Mus.) A stringed instrument of music played with a bow; a violin;
a kit.
2. (Bot.) A kind of dock (Rumex pulcher) with fiddle-shaped leaves; --
called also fiddle dock.
3. (Naut.) A rack or frame of bars connected by strings, to keep table
furniture in place on the cabin table in bad weather. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Fiddle beetle (Zo\'94l.), a Japanese carabid beetle (Damaster
blaptoides); -- so called from the form of the body. -- Fiddle block
(Naut.), a long tackle block having two sheaves of different diameters
in the same plane, instead of side by side as in a common double
block. Knight. -- Fiddle bow, fiddlestick. -- Fiddle fish (Zo\'94l.),
the angel fish. -- Fiddle head, an ornament on a ship's bow, curved
like the volute or scroll at the head of a violin. -- Fiddle pattern,
a form of the handles of spoons, forks, etc., somewhat like a violin.
-- Scotch fiddle, the itch. (Low) -- To play first, OR second, fiddle,
to take a leading or a subordinate part. [Colloq.]
Fiddle
Fid"dle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fiddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fiddling
(?).]
1. To play on a fiddle.
Themistocles . . . said he could not fiddle, but he could make a
small town a great city. Bacon.
2. To keep the hands and fingers actively moving as a fiddler does; to
move the hands and fingers restlessy or in busy idleness; to trifle.
Talking, and fiddling with their hats and feathers. Pepys.
Fiddle
Fid"dle (?), v. t. To play (a tune) on a fiddle.
Fiddledeedee
Fid"dle*dee*dee` (?), interj. An exclamatory word or phrase,
equivalent to nonsense! [Colloq.]
Foddle-faddle
Fod"dle-fad`dle (?), n. A trifle; trifling talk; nonsense. [Colloq.]
Spectator.
Fiddle-faddle
Fid"dle-fad`dle, v. i. To talk nonsense. [Colloq.] Ford.
Fiddler
Fid"dler (?), n. [AS. fi.]
1. One who plays on a fiddle or violin.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A burrowing crab of the genus Gelasimus, of many
species. The male has one claw very much enlarged, and often holds it
in a position similar to that in which a musician holds a fiddle,
hence the name; -- called also calling crab, soldier crab, and
fighting crab.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The common European sandpiper (Tringoides hypoleucus);
-- so called because it continually oscillates its body.
Fiddler crab. (Zo\'94l.) See Fiddler, n., 2.
Fiddle-shaped
Fid"dle-shaped` (?), a. (Bot.) Inversely ovate, with a deep hollow on
each side. Gray.
Fiddlestick
Fid"dle*stick` (?), n. The bow, strung with horsehair, used in playing
the fiddle; a fiddle bow.
Fiddlestring
Fid"dle*string` (?), n. One of the catgut strings of a fiddle.
Fiddlewood
Fid"dle*wood` (?), n. [Corrupted fr. F. bois-fid\'8ale, lit., faithful
wood; -- so called from its durability.] The wood of several West
Indian trees, mostly of the genus Citharexylum.
Fidejussion
Fi`de*jus"sion (?), n. [L. fidejussio, from fidejubere to be surety or
bail; fides faith + jubere to order: cf. F. fid\'82jussion.] (Civil
Law) The act or state of being bound as surety for another;
suretyship.
Fidejussor
Fi`de*jus"sor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. fid\'82jusseur.] (Civil Law) A
surety; one bound for another, conjointly with him; a guarantor.
Blackstone.
Fidelity
Fi*del"i*ty (?), n. [L. fidelitas: cf. F. fid\'82lit\'82. See Fealty.]
Faithfulness; adherence to right; careful and exact observance of
duty, or discharge of obligations. Especially: (a) Adherence to a
person or party to which one is bound; loyalty.
Whose courageous fidelity was proof to all danger. Macaulay.
The best security for the fidelity of men is to make interest
coincide with duty. A. Hamilton.
(b) Adherence to the marriage contract. (c) Adherence to truth;
veracity; honesty.
The principal thing required in a witness is fidelity. Hooker.
Syn. -- Faithfulness; honesty; integrity; faith; loyalty; fealty.
Fides
Fi"des (?), n. [L., faith.] (Roman Muth.) Faith personified as a
goddess; the goddess of faith.
Fidge
Fidge (?), n. & i. See Fidget. [R.] Swift.
Fidget
Fidg"et (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fidgeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fodgeting.]
[From Fidge; cf. OE. fiken to fidget, to flatter, Icel. fika to
hasten, Sw. fika to hunt after, AS. befician to deceive. Cf. Fickle.]
To move uneasily one way and the other; to move irregularly, or by
fits and starts. Moore.
Fidget
Fidg"et, n.
1. Uneasiness; restlessness. Cowper.
2. pl. A general nervous restlessness, manifested by incessant changes
of position; dysphoria. Dunglison.
Fidgetiness
Fidg"et*i*ness (?), n. Quality of being fidgety.
Fidgety
Fidg"et*y (?), a. Restless; uneasy. Lowell.
Fidia
Fid"i*a (?), n. [NL., prob. fr. L. fidus trusty.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus
of small beetles, of which one species (the grapevine Fidia, F.
longipes) is very injurious to vines in America.
Fidicinal
Fi*dic"i*nal (?), a. [L. fidicinus, fr. fidicen, -inis, a lute
player.] (Mus.) Of or pertaining to a stringed instrument.
Fiducial
Fi*du"cial (?), a. [L. fiducia trust, confidence; akin to fides faith.
See Faith.]
1. Having faith or trust; confident; undoubting; firm. "Fiducial
reliance on the promises of God." Hammond.
2. Having the nature of a trust; fiduciary; as, fiducial power.
Spelman.
Fiducial edge (Astron. & Surv.), the straight edge of the alidade or
ruler along which a straight line is to be drawn. -- Fiducial line OR
point (Math. & Physics.), a line or point of reference, as for setting
a graduated circle or scale used for measurments.
Fiducially
Fi*du"cial*ly, adv. With confidence. South.
Fidiciary
Fi*di"ci*a*ry (? OR ?), a. [L. fiduciarus, fr. fiducia: cf. F.
fiduciaire. See Fiducial.]
1. Involving confidence or trust; confident; undoubting; faithful;
firm; as, in a fiduciary capacity. "Fiduciary obedience." Howell.
2. Holding, held, or founded, in trust. Spelman.
Fiduciary
Fi*du"ci*a*ry, n.
1. One who holds a thing in trust for another; a trustee.
Instrumental to the conveying God's blessing upon those whose
fiduciaries they are. Jer. Taylor.
2. (Theol.) One who depends for salvation on faith, without works; an
Antinomian. Hammond.
Fie
Fie (?), interj. [OE. fi; cf. D. fif. G. pfui, Icel. f, Sw. & Dan. fy,
F. fi, L. fi, phy.] An exclamation denoting contempt or dislike. See
Fy. Fuller.
Fief
Fief (?), n. [F. fief; of German origin, and the same word as E. fee.
See Fee, and cf. Feud, a tief.] (Law) An estate held of a superior on
condition of military service; a fee; a feud. See under Benefice, n.,
2.
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Page 557
Field
Field (?), n. [OE. feld, fild, AS. feld; akin to D. veld, G. feld, Sw.
f\'84lt, Dan. felt, Icel. fold field of grass, AS. folde earth, land,
ground, OS. folda.]
1. Cleared land; land suitable for tillage or pasture; cultivated
ground; the open country.
2. A piece of land of considerable size; esp., a piece inclosed for
tillage or pasture.
Fields which promise corn and wine. Byron.
3. A place where a battle is fought; also, the battle itself.
In this glorious and well-foughten field. Shak.
What though the field be lost? Milton.
4. An open space; an extent; an expanse. Esp.: (a) Any blank space or
ground on which figures are drawn or projected. (b) The space covered
by an optical instrument at one view.
Without covering, save yon field of stars. Shak.
Ask of yonder argent fields above. Pope.
5. (Her.) The whole surface of an escutcheon; also, so much of it is
shown unconcealed by the different bearings upon it. See Illust. of
Fess, where the field is represented as gules (red), while the fess is
argent (silver).
6. An unresticted or favorable opportunity for action, operation, or
achievement; province; room.
Afforded a clear field for moral experiments. Macaulay.
7. A collective term for all the competitors in any outdoor contest or
trial, or for all except the favorites in the betting.
8. (Baseball) That part of the grounds reserved for the players which
is outside of the diamond; -- called also outfield.
NOTE: &hand; Fi eld is of ten us ed ad jectively in th e sense of
belonging to, or used in, the fields; especially with reference to
the operations and equipments of an army during a campaign away
from permanent camps and fortifications. In most cases such use of
the word is sufficiently clear; as, field battery; field
fortification; field gun; field hospital, etc. A field geologist,
naturalist, etc., is one who makes investigations or collections
out of doors. A survey uses a field book for recording field notes,
i.e., measurment, observations, etc., made in field work (outdoor
operations). A farmer or planter employs field hands, and may use a
field roller or a field derrick. Field sports are hunting, fishing,
athletic games, etc.
Coal field (Geol.) See under Coal. -- Field artillery, light ordnance
mounted on wheels, for the use of a marching army. -- Field basil
(Bot.), a plant of the Mint family (Calamintha Acinos); -- called also
basil thyme. -- Field colors (Mil.), small flags for marking out the
positions for squadrons and battalions; camp colors. -- Field cricket
(Zo\'94l.), a large European cricket (Gryllus campestric), remarkable
for its loud notes. -- Field day. (a) A day in the fields. (b) (Mil.)
A day when troops are taken into the field for instruction in
evolutions. Farrow. (c) A day of unusual exertion or display; a gala
day. -- Field driver, in New England, an officer charged with the
driving of stray cattle to the pound. -- Field duck (Zo\'94l.), the
little bustard (Otis tetrax), found in Southern Europe. -- Field
glass. (Optics) (a) A binocular telescope of compact form; a
lorgnette; a race glass. (b) A small achromatic telescope, from 20 to
24 inches long, and having 3 to 6 draws. (c) See Field lens. -- Field
lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The skylark. (b) The tree pipit. -- Field lens
(Optics), that one of the two lenses forming the eyepiece of an
astronomical telescope or compound microscope which is nearer the
object glass; -- called also field glass. -- Field madder (Bot.), a
plant (Sherardia arvensis) used in dyeing. -- Field marshal (Mil.),
the highest military rank conferred in the British and other European
armies. -- Field mouse (Zo\'94l.), a mouse inhabiting fields, as the
campagnol and the deer mouse. See Campagnol, and Deer mouse. -- Field
officer (Mil.), an officer above the rank of captain and below that of
general. -- Field officer's court (U.S.Army), a court-martial
consisting of one field officer empowered to try all cases, in time of
war, subject to jurisdiction of garrison and regimental courts.
Farrow. -- Field plover (Zo\'94l.), the black-bellied plover
(Charadrius squatarola); also sometimes applied to the Bartramian
sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda). -- Field spaniel (Zo\'94l.), a small
spaniel used in hunting small game. -- Field sparrow. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A
small American sparrow (Spizella pusilla). (b) The hedge sparrow.
[Eng.] -- Field staff> (Mil.), a staff formerly used by gunners to
hold a lighted match for discharging a gun. -- Field vole (Zo\'94l.),
the European meadow mouse. -- Field of ice, a large body of floating
ice; a pack. -- Field, OR Field of view, in a telescope or microscope,
the entire space within which objects are seen. -- Field magnet. see
under Magnet. -- Magnetic field. See Magnetic. -- To back the field,
OR To bet on the field. See under Back, v. t. -- To keep the field.
(a) (Mil.) To continue a campaign. (b) To maintain one's ground
against all comers. -- To lay, OR back, against the field, to bet on
(a horse, etc.) against all comers. -- To take the field (Mil.), to
enter upon a campaign.
Field
Field (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fielded; p. pr. & vb. n. Fielding.]
1. To take the field. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. (Ball Playing) To stand out in the field, ready to catch, stop, or
throw the ball.
Field
Field, v. t. (Ball Playing) To catch, stop, throw, etc. (the ball), as
a fielder.
Fielded
Field"ed, a. Engaged in the field; encamped. [Obs.]
To help fielded friends. Shak.
Fielden
Field"en (?), a. Consisting of fields. [Obs.]
The fielden country also and plains. Holland.
Fielder
Field"er (?), n. (Ball Playing) A ball payer who stands out in the
field to catch or stop balls.
Fieldfare
Field"fare` (?; 277), n. [OE. feldfare, AS. feldfare; field + faran to
travel.] (Zo\'94l.) a small thrush (Turdus pilaris) which breeds in
northern Europe and winters in Great Britain. The head, nape, and
lower part of the back are ash-colored; the upper part of the back and
wing coverts, chestnut; -- called also fellfare.
Fielding
Field"ing, n. (Ball Playing) The act of playing as a fielder.
Fieldpiece
Field"piece` (?), n. A cannon mounted on wheels, for the use of a
marching army; a piece of field artillery; -- called also field gun.
Fieldwork
Field"work` (?), n. (Mil.) Any temporary fortification thrown up by an
army in the field; -- commonly in the plural.
All works which do not come under the head of permanent
fortification are called fieldworks. Wilhelm.
Fieldy
Field"y (?), a. Open, like a field. [Obs.] Wyclif.
Fiend
Fiend (?), n. [OE. fend, find, fiend, feond, fiend, foe, AS. fe\'a2nd;
akin to OS. f\'c6ond, D. vijand enemy, OHG. f\'c6ant, G. feind, Icel.
fj\'bend, Sw. & Dan. fiende, Goth. fijands; orig. p.pr. of a verb
meaning to hate, AS. fe\'a2n, fe\'a2gan, OHG. f\'c6, Goth. fijan, Skr.
p\'c6y to scorn; prob. akin to E. feud a quarrel. \'fb81. Cf. Foe,
Friend.] An implacable or malicious foe; one who is diabolically
wicked or cruel; an infernal being; -- applied specifically to the
devil or a demon.
Into this wild abyss the wary fiend Stood on the brink of Hell and
looked a while. Milton.
O woman! woman! when to ill thy mind Is bent, all hell contains no
fouler fiend. Pope.
Fiendful
Fiend"ful (?), a. Full of fiendish spirit or arts. Marlowe. --
Fiend"ful*ly, adv.
Fiendish
Fiend"ish (?), a. Like a fiend; diabolically wicked or cruel;
infernal; malignant; devilish; hellish. -- Fiend"ish*ly, adv. --
Fiend"ish*ness, n.
Fiendlike
Fiend"like` (?), a. Fiendish; diabolical. Longfellow.
Fiendly
Fiend"ly, a. [AS. fe\'a2ndlic.] Fiendlike; monstrous; devilish. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Fierasfer
Fi`e*ras"fer (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small, slender
fishes, remarkable for their habit of living as commensals in other
animals. One species inhabits the gill cavity of the pearl oyster near
Panama; another lives within an East Indian holothurian.
Fierce
Fierce (?), a. [Compar. Fiercer (?); superl. Fiercest (?).] [OE. fers,
fiers, OF. fier, nom. fiers, fierce, savage, cruel, F. fier proud,
from L. ferus wild, savage, cruel; perh. akin to E. bear the animal.
Cf. Feral, Ferocity.]
1. Furious; violent; unrestrained; impetuous; as, a fierce wind.
His fierce thunder drove us to the deep. Milton.
2. Vehement in anger or cruelty; ready or eager to kill or injure; of
a nature to inspire terror; ferocious. "A fierce whisper." Dickens. "A
fierce tyrant." Pope.
The fierce foe hung upon our broken rear. Milton.
Thou huntest me as a fierce lion. Job. x. 16.
3. Excessively earnest, eager, or ardent. Syn. -- Ferocious; savage;
cruel; vehement; impetuous; barbarous; fell. See Ferocious. --
Fierce"ly, adv. -- Fierce"ness, n.
Fieri facias
Fi"e*ri fa"ci*as (?). [L., cause it to be done.] (Law) A judicial writ
that lies for one who has recovered in debt or damages, commanding the
sheriff that he cause to be made of the goods, chattels, or real
estate of the defendant, the sum claimed. Blackstone. Cowell.
Fieriness
Fi"er*i*ness (?), n. The quality of being fiery; heat; acrimony;
irritability; as, a fieriness of temper. Addison.
Fiery
Fi"er*y (? OR ?), a. [Formerly written firy, fr. fire.]
1. Consisting of, containing, or resembling, fire; as, the fiery gulf
of Etna; a fiery appearance.
And fiery billows roll below. I. Watts.
2. Vehement; ardent; very active; impetuous.
Hath thy fiery heart so parched thine entrails? Shak.
The fiery spirit of his forefathers. W. Irwing.
3. Passionate; easily provoked; irritable.
You kniw the fiery quality of the duke. Shak.
4. Unrestrained; fierce; mettlesome; spirited.
One curbed the fiery steed. Dryden.
5. heated by fire, or as if by fire; burning hot; parched; feverish.
Pope.
The sword which is made fiery. Hooker.
Fiery cross, a cross constructed of two firebrands, and pitched upon
the point of a spear; formerly in Scotland borne by a runner as a
signal for the clan to take up arms. Sir W. Scott.
Fife
Fife (?), n. [F. fifre, OHG. pf\'c6fa, LL. pipa pipe, pipare to play
on the pipe, fr. L. pipire, pipare, to peep, pip, chirp, as a chiken.
See Pipe.] (Mus.) A small shrill pipe, resembling the piccolo flute,
used chiefly to accompany the drum in military music. Fife major
(Mil.), a noncommissioned officer who superintends the fifers of a
regiment. -- Fife rail. (Naut.) (a) A rail about the mast, at the
deck, to hold belaying pins, etc. (b) A railing around the break of a
poop deck.
Fife
Fife, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fifed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. fifing.] To play
on a fife.
Fifer
Fif"er (?), n. One who plays on a fife.
Fifteen
Fif"teen` (?), a. [OE. fiftene, AS. f\'c6ft, f\'c6ft. See Five, and
Ten, and cf. Fifty.] Five and ten; one more than fourteen.
Fifteen
Fif"teen`, n.
1. The sum of five and ten; fifteen units or objects.
2. A symbol representing fifteen units, as 15, or xv.
Fifteenth
Fif"teenth` (?), a. [OE. fiftenthe; cf. fiftethe, AS. f\'c6fte. See
Fifteen.]
1. Next in order after the fourteenth; -- the ordinal of fifteen.
2. Consisting of one of fifteen equal parts or divisions of a thing.
Fifteenth
Fif"teenth`, n.
1. One of fifteen equal parts or divisions; the quotient of a unit
divided by fifteen.
2. A species of tax upon personal property formerly laid on towns,
boroughs, etc., in England, being one fifteenth part of what the
personal property in each town, etc., had been valued at. Burrill.
3. (Mus.) (a) A stop in an organ tuned two octaves above the diaposon.
(b) An interval consisting of two octaves.
Fifth
Fifth (?), a. [OE. fifte, fifthe, AS. f\'c6fta. See Five.]
1. Next in order after the fourth; -- the ordinal of five.
2. Consisting of one of five equal divisions of a thing.
Fifth monarchy men (Hist.), a fanatical sect in England, of the time
of the commonwealth, who maintained that there would be a fifth
universal monarchy, during which Christ would reign on earth a
thousand years. -- Fifth wheel, a horizontal wheel or segment above
the fore axle of a carriage and beneath the body, forming an extended
support to prevent careening.
Fifth
Fifth (?), n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by five; one of five equal parts; a
fifth part.<-- a fifth of whiskey = a fifth of a gallon -->
2. (Mus.) The interval of three tones and a semitone, embracing five
diatonic degrees of the scale; the dominant of any key.
Fifthly
Fifth"ly, adv. In the fifth place; as the fifth in order.
Fiftieth
Fif"ti*eth (?), a. [AS. f\'c6ftigo. See Fifty.]
1. Next in order after the forty-ninth; -- the ordinal of fifty.
2. Consisting of one of fifty equal parts or divisions.
Fiftieth
Fif"ti*eth, n. One of fifty equal parts; the quotient of a unit
divided by fifty.
Fifty
Fif"ty (?), a. [AS. f\'c6ftig; akin to OHG. finfzug, fimfzug, G.
f\'81nfzig, funfzig, Goth. fimftigjus. See Five, and Ten, and cf.
Fifteen.] Five times ten; as, fifty men.
Fifty
Fif"ty, n.; pl. Fifties (.
1. The sum of five tens; fifty units or objects.
2. A symbol representing fifty units, as 50, or l.
Fig
Fig (?), n. [F. figue the fruit of the tree, Pr. figa, fr. L. ficus
fig tree, fig. Cf. Fico.]
1. (Bot.) A small fruit tree (Ficus Carica) with large leaves, known
from the remotest antiquity. It was probably native from Syria
westward to the Canary Islands.
2. The fruit of a fig tree, which is of round or oblong shape, and of
various colors.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fruit of a fig tree is really the hollow end of a
stem, and bears numerous achenia inside the cavity. Many species
have little, hard, inedible figs, and in only a few does the fruit
become soft and pulpy. The fruit of the cultivated varieties is
much prized in its fresh state, and also when dried or preserved.
See Caprification.
3. A small piece of tobacco. [U.S.]
4. The value of a fig, practically nothing; a fico; -- used in scorn
or contempt. "A fig for Peter." Shak.
Cochineal fig. See Conchineal fig. -- Fig dust, a preparation of fine
oatmeal for feeding caged birds. -- Fig faun, one of a class of rural
deities or monsters supposed to live on figs. "Therefore shall dragons
dwell there with the fig fauns." Jer. i. 39. (Douay version). -- Fig
gnat (Zo\'94l.), a small fly said to be injurious to figs. -- Fig
leaf, the leaf tree; hence, in allusion to the first clothing of Adam
and Eve (Genesis iii.7), a covering for a thing that ought to be
concealed; esp., an inadequate covering; a symbol for affected
modesty. -- Fig marigold (Bot.), the name of several plants of the
genus Mesembryanthemum, some of which are prized for the brilliancy
and beauty of their flowers. -- Fig tree (Bot.), any tree of the genus
Ficus, but especially F. Carica which produces the fig of commerce.
Fig
Fig, v. t. [See Fico, Fig, n.]
1. To insult with a fico, or contemptuous motion. See Fico. [Obs.]
When Pistol lies, do this, and fig me like The bragging Spaniard.
Shak.
2. To put into the head of, as something useless o [Obs.] L'Estrange.
Fig
Fig, n. Figure; dress; array. [Colloq.]
Were they all in full fig, the females with feathers on their
heads, the males with chapeaux bras? Prof. Wilson.
Figaro
Fi`ga`ro" (?), n. [From the name of the barber in Beaumarchais'
"Barber of Seville."] An adroi
Figary
Fig"a*ry (?), n. [Corrupted fr. vagary.] A frolic; a vagary; a whim.
[Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Figeater
Fig"eat`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large beetle (Allorhina nitida)
which in the Southern United States destroys figs. The elytra are
velvety green with pale borders. (b) A bird. See Figpecker.
Figent
Fig"ent (?), a. Fidgety; restless. [Obs.]
Such a little figent thing. Beau. & Fl.
Figgum
Fig"gum (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A juggler's trick; conjuring.
[Obs.]
The devil is the author of wicked figgum. B. Jonson.
Fight
Fight (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fought (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fighting.]
[OE. fihten, fehten, AS. feohtan; akin to D. vechten, OHG. fehtan, G.
fechten, Sw. f\'84kta, Dan. fegte, and perh. to E. fist; cf. L.
pugnare to fight, pugnus fist.]
1. To strive or contened for victory, with armies or in single combat;
to attempt to defeat, subdue, or destroy an enemy, either by blows or
weapons; to contend in arms; -- followed by with or against.
You do fight against your country's foes. Shak.
To fight with thee no man of arms will deign. Milton.
2. To act in opposition to anything; to struggle against; to contend;
to strive; to make resistance.
To fight shy, to avoid meeting fairly or at close quarters; to keep
out of reach.
Fight
Fight, v. t.
1. To carry on, or wage, as a conflict, or battle; to win or gain by
struggle, as one's way; to sustain by fighting, as a cause.
He had to fight his way through the world. Macaulay.
I have fought a good fight. 2 Tim. iv. 7.
2. To contend with in battle; to war against; as, they fought the
enemy in two pitched battles; the sloop fought the frigate for three
hours.
3. To cause to fight; to manage or maneuver in a fight; as, to fight
cocks; to fight one's ship.
To fight it out, to fight until a decisive and conclusive result is
reached.
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Page 558
Fight
Fight, n. [OE. fight, feht, AS. feoht. See Fight, v. i.]
1. A battle; an engagement; a contest in arms; a combat; a violent
conflict or struggle for victory, between individuals or between
armies, ships, or navies, etc.
Who now defies thee thrice to single fight. Milton.
2. A struggle or contest of any kind.
3. Strength or disposition for fighting; pugnacity; as, he has a great
deal of fight in him. [Colloq.]
4. A screen for the combatants in ships. [Obs.]
Up with your fights, and your nettings prepare. Dryden.
Running fight, a fight in which the enemy is continually chased; also,
one which continues without definite end or result. Syn. -- Combat;
engagement; contest; struggle; encounter; fray; affray; action;
conflict. See Battle.
Fighter
Fight"er (?), n. [AS. feohtere.] One who fights; a combatant; a
warrior. Shak.
Fighting
Fight"ing, a.
1. Qualified for war; fit for battle.
An host of fighting men. 2 Chron. xxvi. 11.
2. Occupied in war; being the scene of a battle; as, a fighting field.
Pope.
A fighting chance, one dependent upon the issue of a struggle.
[Colloq.] -- Fighting crab (Zo\'94l.), the fiddler crab. -- Fighting
fish (Zo\'94l.), a remarkably pugnacious East Indian fish (Betta
pugnax), reared by the Siamese for spectacular fish fights.
Fightingly
Fight"ing*ly, adv. Pugnaciously.
Fightwite
Fight"wite` (?), n. [Fight + wite.] (O.Eng. Law) A mulct or fine
imposed on a person for making a fight or quarrel to the disturbance
of the peace.
Figment
Fig"ment (?), n. [L. figmentum, fr. fingere to form, shape, invent,
feign. See Feign.] An invention; a fiction; something feigned or
imagined.
Social figments, feints, and formalism. Mrs. Browning.
It carried rather an appearance of figment and invention . . . than
of truth and reality. Woodward.
Pigpecker
Pig"peck`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European garden warbler (Sylvia, OR
Currica, hortensis); -- called also beccafico and greater pettychaps.
Fig-shell
Fig"-shell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A marine univalve shell of the genus
Pyrula, or Ficula, resembling a fig in form.
Figulate, Figulated
Fig"u*late (?), Fig"u*la`ted (?), a. [L. figulatus, p.p. of figulare
to shape, fr. figulus potter, fr. fingere to shape.] Made of potter's
clay; molded; shaped. [R.] Johnson.
Figuline
Fig"u*line (? OR ?), n. [F., fr. L. figulina pottery, fr. figulus. See
Figulate.] A piece of pottery ornamented with representations of
natural objects.
Whose figulines and rustic wares Scarce find him bread from day to
day. Longfellow.
Figurability
Fig`ur*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. figurabilit\'82.] The quality of
being figurable. Johnson.
Figurable
Fig`ur*a*ble (?), a. [L. figurare to form, shape, fr. figura figure:
cf. F. figurable. See Figure.] Capable of being brought to a fixed
form or shape.
Lead is figurable, but water is not. Johnson.
Figural
Fig"ur*al (?), a. [From Figure.]
1. Represented by figure or delineation; consisting of figures; as,
figural ornaments. Sir T. Browne.
2. (Mus.) Figurate. See Figurate.
Figural numbers. See Figurate numbers, under Figurate.
Figurant
Fig"u*rant` (? OR ?), n. masc. [F., prop. p.pr. of figurer figure,
represent, make a figure.] One who dances at the opera, not singly,
but in groups or figures; an accessory character on the stage, who
figures in its scenes, but has nothing to say; hence, one who figures
in any scene, without taking a prominent part.
Figurante
Fig"u*rante` (? OR ?), n. fem. [F.] A female figurant; esp., a ballet
girl.
Figurate
Fig"ur*ate (?), a. [L. figuratus, p.p. of figurare. See Figure.]
1. Of a definite form or figure.
Plants are all figurate and determinate, which inanimate bodies are
not. Bacon.
2. Figurative; metaphorical. [Obs.] Bale.
3. (Mus.) Florid; figurative; involving passing discords by the freer
melodic movement of one or more parts or voices in the harmony; as,
figurate counterpoint or descant.
Figurate counterpoint OR descant (Mus.), that which is not simple, or
in which the parts do not move together tone for tone, but in which
freer movement of one or more parts mingles passing discords with the
harmony; -- called also figural, figurative, and figured counterpoint
or descant (although the term figured is more commonly applied to a
bass with numerals written above or below to indicate the other notes
of the harmony). -- Figurate numbers (Math.), numbers, or series of
numbers, formed from any arithmetical progression in which the first
term is a unit, and the difference a whole number, by taking the first
term, and the sums of the first two, first three, first four, etc., as
the successive terms of a new series, from which another may be formed
in the same manner, and so on, the numbers in the resulting series
being such that points representing them are capable of symmetrical
arrangement in different geometrical figures, as triangles, squares,
pentagons, etc.
NOTE: In the following example, the two lower lines are composed of
figurate numbers, those in the second line being triangular, and
represented thus: -- . 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. . . . 1, 3, 6, 10, etc. . .
. . . . . etc. 1, 4, 10, 20, etc . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figurated
Fig"ur*a`ted (?), a. Having a determinate form.
Figurately
Fig"ur*ate*ly (?), adv. In a figurate manner.
Figuration
Fig`u*ra"tion (?), n. [L. figuratio.]
1. The act of giving figure or determinate form; determination to a
certain form. Bacon.
2. (Mus.) Mixture of concords and discords.
Figurative
Fig"ur*a*tive (?), a. [L. figurativus: cf. F. figuratif. See
Figurative.]
1. Representing by a figure, or by resemblance; typical;
representative.
This, they will say, was figurative, and served, by God's
appointment, but for a time, to shadow out the true glory of a more
divine sanctity. Hooker.
2. Used in a sense that is tropical, as a metaphor; not literal; --
applied to words and expressions.
3. Ambounding in figures of speech; flowery; florid; as, a highly
figurative description.
4. Relating to the representation of form or figure by drawing,
carving, etc. See Figure, n., 2.
They belonged to a nation dedicated to the figurative arts, and
they wrote for a public familiar with painted form. J. A. Symonds.
Figurative counterpointdescant. See under Figurate. --
Fig"ur*a*tive*ly, adv. -- Fig"ur*a*tive*ness, n.
Figure
Fig"ure (?; 135), n. [F., figure, L. figura; akin to fingere to form,
shape, feign. See Feign.]
1. The form of anything; shape; outline; appearance.
Flowers have all exquisite figures. Bacon.
2. The representation of any form, as by drawing, painting, modeling,
carving, embroidering, etc.; especially, a representation of the human
body; as, a figure in bronze; a figure cut in marble.
A coin that bears the figure of an angel. Shak.
3. A pattern in cloth, paper, or other manufactured article; a design
wrought out in a fabric; as, the muslin was of a pretty figure.
4. (Geom.) A diagram or drawing; made to represent a magnitude or the
relation of two or more magnitudes; a surface or space inclosed on all
sides; -- called superficial when inclosed by lines, and solid when
inclosed by surface; any arrangement made up of points, lines, angles,
surfaces, etc.
5. The appearance or impression made by the conduct or carrer of a
person; as, a sorry figure.
I made some figure there. Dryden.
Gentlemen of the best figure in the county. Blackstone.
6. Distinguished appearance; magnificence; conspicuous representation;
splendor; show.
That he may live in figure and indulgence. Law.
7. A character or symbol representing a number; a numeral; a digit;
as, 1, 2,3, etc.
8. Value, as expressed in numbers; price; as, the goods are estimated
or sold at a low figure. [Colloq.]
With nineteen thousand a year at the very lowest figure. Thackeray.
9. A person, thing, or action, conceived of as analogous to another
person, thing, or action, of which it thus becomes a type or
representative.
Who is the figure of Him that was to come. Rom. v. 14.
10. (Rhet.) A mode of expressing abstract or immaterial ideas by words
which suggest pictures or images from the physical world; pictorial
language; a trope; hence, any deviation from the plainest form of
statement.
To represent the imagination under the figure of a wing. Macaulay.
11. (Logic) The form of a syllogism with respect to the relative
position of the middle term.
12. (Dancing) Any one of the several regular steps or movements made
by a dancer.
13. (Astrol.) A horoscope; the diagram of the aspects of the
astrological houses. Johnson.
14. (Music) (a) Any short succession of notes, either as melody or as
a group of chords, which produce a single complete and distinct
impression. Grove. (b) A form of melody or accompaniment kept up
through a strain or passage; a musical or motive; a florid
embellishment.
NOTE: &hand; Fi gures ar e often written upon the staff in music to
denote the kind of measure. They are usually in the form of a
fraction, the upper figure showing how many notes of the kind
indicated by the lower are contained in one measure or bar. Thus,
2/4 signifies that the measure contains two quarter notes. The
following are the principal figures used for this purpose: -- <--
the "figures" illustrated here have a bar through each number and
cannot be represented as simple fractions, thus the special
"musfig" field notation. The following numbers are contained in a
single line of large (ca. 14 pt.) bold type --> 2/22/42/8 4/22/44/8
3/23/43/8 6/46/46/8
Academy figure, Canceled figures, Lay figure, etc. See under Academy,
Cancel, Lay, etc. -- Figure caster, OR Figure flinger, an astrologer.
This figure caster." Milton. -- Figure flinging, the practice of
astrology. -- Figure-of-eight knot, a knot shaped like the figure 8.
See Illust. under Knot. -- Figure painting, a picture of the human
figure, or the act or art of depicting the human figure. -- Figure
stone (Min.), agalmatolite. -- Figure weaving, the art or process of
weaving figured fabrics. -- To cut a figure, to make a display.
[Colloq.] Sir W. Scott.
Figure
Fig"ure, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Figured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Figuring.]
[F. figurer, L. figurare, fr. figura. See Figure, n.]
1. To represent by a figure, as to form or mold; to make an image of,
either palpable or ideal; also, to fashion into a determinate form; to
shape.
If love, alas! be pain I bear,
No thought can figure, and no tongue declare.Prior.
2. To embellish with design; to adorn with figures.
The vaulty top of heaven Figured quite o'er with burning meteors.
Shak.
3. To indicate by numerals; also, to compute.
As through a crystal glass the figured hours are seen. Dryden.
4. To represent by a metaphor; to signify or symbolize.
Whose white vestments figure innocence. Shak.
5. To prefigure; to foreshow.
In this the heaven figures some event. Shak.
6. (Mus.) (a) To write over or under the bass, as figures or other
characters, in order to indicate the accompanying chords. (b) To
embellish.
To figure out
, to solve; to compute or find the result of. -- To figure up, to add;
to reckon; to compute the amount of.
Figure
Fig"ure, v. t.
1. To make a figure; to be distinguished or conspicious; as, the envoy
figured at court.
Sociable, hospitable, eloquent, admired, figuring away brilliantly.
M. Arnold.
2. To calculate; to contrive; to scheme; as, he is figuring to secure
the nomination. [Colloq.]
Figured
Fig"ured (?), a.
1. Adorned with figures; marked with figures; as, figured muslin.
2. Not literal; figurative. [Obs.] Locke.
3. (Mus.) (a) Free and florid; as, a figured descant. See Figurate, 3.
(b) Indicated or noted by figures.
Figured bass. See Continued bass, under Continued.
Figurehead
Fig"ure*head` (?), n.
1. (Naut.) The figure, statue, or bust, on the prow of a ship.
2. A person who allows his name to be used to give standing to
enterprises in which he has no responsible interest or duties; a
nominal, but not real, head or chief.
Figurial
Fi*gu"ri*al (?), a. Represented by figure or delineation. [R.] Craig.
Figurine
Fi`gu`rine" (? OR ?), n. [F., dim. of figure.] A very small figure,
whether human or of an animal; especially, one in terra cotta or the
like; -- distinguished from statuette, which is applied to small
figures in bronze, marble, etc.
Figurist
Fig"ur*ist (?), n. One who uses or interprets figurative expressions.
Waterland.
Figwort
Fig"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of herbaceous plants (Scrophularia),
mostly found in the north temperate zones. See Brownwort.
Fijian
Fi"ji*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Fiji islands or their
inhabitants. -- n. A native of the Fiji islands. [Written also
Feejeean, Feejee.]
Fike
Fike (?), n. See Fyke.
Fil
Fil (?), obs. imp. of Fall, v. i. Fell. Chaucer.
Filaceous
Fi*la"ceous (? OR ?), a. [L. filum thread.] Composed of threads.
Bacon.
Filacer
Fil"a*cer (?), n. [OE. filace a file, or thread, on which the records
of the courts of justice were strung, F. filasse tow of flax or hemp,
fr. L. filum thread.] (Eng. Law) A former officer in the English Court
of Common Pleas; -- so called because he filed the writs on which he
made out process. [Obs.] Burrill.
Filament
Fil"a*ment (?), n. [F. filament, fr. L. filum thread. See File a row.]
A thread or threadlike object or appendage; a fiber; esp. (Bot.), the
threadlike part of the stamen supporting the anther.
Filamentary
Fil`a*men"ta*ry (?), a. Having the character of, or formed by, a
filament.
Filametoid
Fil"a*metoid` (?), a. [Filament + -oid.] Like a filament.
Filamentous
Fil`a*men"tous (?), a. [Cf. F. filamenteux.] Like a thread; consisting
of threads or filaments. Gray.
Filander
Fil"an*der (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A species of kangaroo (Macropus Brunii),
inhabiting New Guinea.
Filanders
Fil"an*ders (?), n. pl. [F. filandres, fr. L. filum thread.]
(Falconry) A disease in hawks, characterized by the presence of small
threadlike worms, also of filaments of coagulated blood, from the
rupture of a vein; -- called also backworm. Sir T. Browne.
Filar
Fi"lar (?), a. [L. filum a thread.] Of or pertaining to a thread or
line; characterized by threads stretched across the field of view; as,
a filar microscope; a filar micrometer.
Filaria
Fi*la"ri*a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. filum a thread.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
slender, nematode worms of many species, parasitic in various animals.
See Guinea worm.
Filatory
Fil"a*to*ry (?), n. [LL. filatorium place for spinning, fr. filare to
spin, fr. L. filum a thread.] A machine for forming threads. [Obs.] W.
Tooke.
Filature
Fil"a*ture (?; 135), n. [LL. filatura, fr. filare to spin: cf. F.
filature. See Filatory.]
1. A drawing out into threads; hence, the reeling of silk from
cocoons. Ure.
2. A reel for drawing off silk from cocoons; also, an establishment
for reeling silk.
Filbert
Fil"bert (?), n. [Perh. fr. fill + bread, as filling the bread or
husk; cf. G. bartnuss (lit., bread nut) filbert; or perh. named from a
St.Philibert, whose day, Aug. 22, fell in the nutting season.] (Bot.)
The fruit of the Corylus Avellana or hazel. It is an oval nut,
containing a kernel that has a mild, farinaceous, oily taste,
agreeable to the palate.
NOTE: &hand; In En gland fi lberts ar e us ually la rge hazelnuts,
especially the nuts from selected and cultivated trees. The
American hazelnuts are of two other species.
Filbert gall (Zo\'94l.), a gall resembling a filbert in form, growing
in clusters on grapevines. It is produced by the larva of a gallfly
(Cecidomyia).
Filch
Filch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Filched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Filching.]
[Cf. AS. feol to stick to, OHG. felhan, felahan, to hide, Icel. fela,
Goth. filhan to hide, bury, Prov. E. feal to hide slyly, OE. felen.]
To steal or take privily (commonly, that which is of little value); to
pilfer.
Fain would they filch that little food away. Dryden.
But he that filches from me my good name, Robs me of that which not
enriches him, And makes me poor indeed. Shak.
Filcher
Filch"er (?), n. One who filches; a thief.
Filchingly
Filch"ing*ly, adv. By pilfering or petty stealing.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 559
File
File (?), n. [F. file row (cf. Pr., Sp., Pg., & It. fila), LL. fila,
fr. L. filum a thread. Cf. Enfilade, Filament, Fillet.]
1. An orderly succession; a line; a row; as: (a) (Mil) A row of
soldiers ranged one behind another; -- in contradistinction to rank,
which designates a row of soldiers standing abreast; a number
consisting the depth of a body of troops, which, in the ordinary
modern formation, consists of two men, the battalion standing two
deep, or in two ranks.
NOTE: &hand; Th e number of files in a company describes its width,
as the number of ranks does its depth; thus, 100 men in "fours
deep" would be spoken of as 25 files in 4 ranks. Farrow.
(b) An orderly collection of papers, arranged in sequence or
classified for preservation and reference; as, files of letters or of
newspapers; this mail brings English files to the 15th instant. (c)
The line, wire, or other contrivance, by which papers are put and kept
in order.
It is upon a file with the duke's other letters. Shak.
(d) A roll or list. "A file of all the gentry." Shak. <-- (e)
(computer) a collection of data on a recording medium treated as a
unit for the purpose of recording or reading, accesible by use of a
file name. -->
2. Course of thought; thread of narration. [Obs.]
Let me resume the file of my narration. Sir H. Wotton.
File firing, the act of firing by file, or each file independently of
others. -- File leader, the soldier at the front of any file, who
covers and leads those in rear of him. -- File marching, the marching
of a line two deep, when faced to the right or left, so that the front
and rear rank march side by side. Brande & C. --Indian file, OR Single
file, a line of men marching one behind another; a single row. -- On
file, preserved in an orderly collection. -- Rank and file. (a) The
body of soldiers constituing the mass of an army, including corporals
and privates. Wilhelm. (b) Those who constitute the bulk or working
members of a party, society, etc., in distinction from the leaders.
File
File (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Filed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Filing.]
1. To set in order; to arrange, or lay away, esp. as papers in a
methodical manner for preservation and reverence; to place on file; to
insert in its proper place in an arranged body of papers.
I would have my several courses and my dishes well filed. Beau. &
Fl.
2. To bring before a court or legislative body by presenting proper
papers in a regular way; as, to file a petition or bill. Burrill.
3. (Law) To put upon the files or among the records of a court; to
note on (a paper) the fact date of its reception in court.
To file a paper, on the part of a party, is to place it in the
official custody of the clerk. To file, on the part of the clerk,
is to indorse upon the paper the date of its reception, and retain
it in his office, subject to inspection by whomsoever it may
concern. Burrill.
File
File, v. i. [Cf. F. filer.] (Mil.) To march in a file or line, as
soldiers, not abreast, but one after another; -- generally with off.
To file with, to follow closely, as one soldier after another in file;
to keep pace.
My endeavors Have ever come too short of my desires, Yet filed with
my abilities. Shak.
File
File (?), n. [AS. fe\'a2l; akin to D. viji, OHG. f\'c6la, f\'c6hala,
G. feile, Sw. fil, Dan. fiil, cf. Icel. , Russ. pila, and Skr. pi to
cut out, adorn; perh. akin to E. paint.]
1. A steel instrument, having cutting ridges or teeth, made by
indentation with a chisel, used for abrading or smoothing other
substances, as metals, wood, etc.
NOTE: &hand; A file differs from a rasp in having the furrows made
by straight cuts of a chisel, either single or crossed, while the
rasp has coarse, single teeth, raised by the pyramidal end of a
triangular punch.
2. Anything employed to smooth, polish, or rasp, literally or
figuratively.
Mock the nice touches of the critic's file. Akenside.
3. A shrewd or artful person. [Slang] Fielding.
Will is an old file spite of his smooth face. Thackeray.
Bastard file, Cross file, etc. See under Bastard, Cross, etc. --
Cross-cut file, a file having two sets of teeth crossing obliquely. --
File blank, a steel blank shaped and ground ready for cutting to form
a file. -- File cutter, a maker of files. -- Second-cut file, a file
having teeth of a grade next finer than bastard. -- Single-cut file, a
file having only one set of parallel teeth; a float. -- Smooth file, a
file having teeth so fine as to make an almost smooth surface.
File
File, v. t.
1. To rub, smooth, or cut away, with a file; to sharpen with a file;
as, to file a saw or a tooth.
2. To smooth or polish as with a file. Shak.
File your tongue to a little more courtesy.Sir W.Scott.
File
File, v. t. [OE. fulen, filen, foulen, AS. f, fr. fFoul, and cf.
Defile, v.t.] To make f [Obs.]
All his hairy breast with blood was filed.Spenser.
For Banquo's issue have I filed mind.Shak.
Filefish
File"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any plectognath fish of the genera
Monacanthus, Alutera, balistes, and allied genera; -- so called on
account of the roughly granulated skin, which is sometimes used in
place of sandpaper.
Filemot
Fil"e*mot (?), n. See Feullemort. Swift.
Filer
Fil"er (?), n. One who works with a file.
Filial
Fil"ial (?), a. [L. filialis, fr. filius son, filia daughter; akin
to e. female, feminine. Cf. Fitz.]
1. Of or pertaining to a son or daughter; becoming to a child in
relation to his parents; as, filial obedience.
2. Bearing the relation of a child.
And thus the filial Godhead answering spoke. Milton.
Filially
Fil"ial*ly (?), adv. In a filial manner.
Filiate
Fil"i*ate (?), v. t. To adopt as son or daughter; to establish
filiation between. [R.] Southey.
Filiation
Fil`i*a"tion (?), n. [LL. filiatio, fr. L. filius son: cf. F.
filiation. See Filial.]
1. The relationship of a son or child to a parent, esp. to a
father.
The relation of paternity and filiation. Sir M. Hale.
2. (Law) The assignment of a bastard child to some one as its
ather; affiliation. Smart.
Filibeg
Fil"i*beg (?), n. [Gael. feileadhbeag, i.e., little kilt; feileadh
kilt + beag little, small; cf. filleadh a plait, fold.] Same as
Kilt. [Written also philibeg.]
Filibuster
Fil"i*bus`ter (?), n. [Sp. flibuster, flibustero, corrupted fr. E.
freebooter. See Freebooter.] A lawless military adventurer,
especially one in quest of plunder; a freebooter; -- originally
applied to buccaneers infesting the Spanish American coasts, but
introduced into common English to designate the followers of Lopez
in his expedition to Cuba in 1851, and those of Walker in his
expedition to Nicaragua, in 1855.
Filibuster
Fil"i*bus*ter, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fillibustered (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Filibustering.]
1. To act as a filibuster, or military freebooter. Bartlett.
2. To delay legislation, by dilatory motions or other artifices.
[political cant or slang, U.S.] Bartlett.
Filibusterism
Fil"i*bus`ter*ism (?), n. The characteristics or practices of a
filibuster. Bartlett.
Filical
Fil"i*cal (?), a. Belonging to the Filices, r ferns.
Filicic
Fi*lic"ic (?), a. [L. filix, -icis, a fern.] (Chem.) Pertaining to,
or derived from, ferns; as, filicic acid.
Filicide
Fil"i*cide (?), n. [L. filius son, filia daughter + caedere to
kill.] The act of murdering a son or a daughter; also, parent who
commits such a murder.
Filiciform
Fi*lic"i*form (?), a. [L. filix, -icis, fern + -form: cf. F.
filiciforme] Shaped like a fern or like the parts of a fern leaf.
Smart.
Filicoid
Fil"i*coid (?), a. [L. filix, -icis, fern + -oid: cf. F.
filicoi\'8bde.] (Bot.) Fernlike, either in form or in the nature of
the method of reproduction.
Filicoid
Fil"i*coid, n. (Bot.) A fernlike plant. Lindley.
Filiety
Fi*li"e*ty (?), n. [L. filietas.] The relation of a son to a
father; sonship; -- the correlative of paternity. J. S. Mill.
Filiferous
Fi*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. filum a thread + -ferous.] Producing
threads. Carpenter.
Filiform
Fil"i*form (?), a. [L. filum thread + -form: cf. F. filiforme.]
Having the shape of a thread or filament; as, the filiform
papill\'91 of the tongue; a filiform style or peduncle. See Illust.
of Antenn\'92.
Filigrain, Filigrane
Fil"i*grain, Fil"i*grane (?), n. [Sp. filigrana (cf. It. filigrana,
E. filigrane), fr. L. filuma thread + granum grain. See File a row,
and Grain, and cf. Filigree.] Filigree. [Archaic]
With her head . . . touches the crown of filigrane. Longfellow.
Filigraned
Fil"i*graned (?), a. See Filigreed. [Archaic]
Filigree
Fil"i*gree (?), n. [Corrupted fr. filigrane.] Ornamental work,
formerly with grains or breads, but now composed of fine wire and
used chiefly in decorating gold and silver to which the wire is
soldered, being arranged in designs frequently of a delicate and
intricate arabesque pattern.
Filigree
Fil"i*gree, a. Relating to, composed of, or resembling, work in
filigree; as, a filigree basket. Hence: Fanciful; unsubstantial;
merely decorative.
You ask for reality, not fiction and filigree work. J. C. Shairp.
Filigreed
Fil"i*greed (?), a. Adorned with filigree. Tatler.
Filing
Fil"ing (?), n. A fragment or particle rubbed off by the act of
filing; as, iron filings.
Filipendulous
Fil`i*pen"du*lous (?; 135), a. [L. filum a thread + pendulus
hanging, fr. pend to hang.] (Bot.) Suspended by, or strung upon, a
thread; -- said of tuberous swellings in the middle or at the
extremities of slender, threadlike rootlets.
Fill
Fill (?), n. [See Thill.] One of the thills or shafts of a
carriage. Mortimer.
Fill horse
, a thill horse. Shak.
Fill
Fill, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Filled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Filling.]
[OE. fillen, fullen, AS. fyllan, fr. full full; akin to D. vullen,
G. f\'81llen, Icel. fylla, Sw. fylla, Dan. fylde, Goth. fulljan.
See Full, a.]
1. To make full; to supply with as much as can be held or
contained; to put or pour into, till no more can be received; to
occupy the whole capacity of.
The rain also filleth the pools. Ps. lxxxiv. 6.
Jesus saith unto them, Fill the waterpots with water. Anf they
filled them up to the brim. John ii. 7.
2. To furnish an abudant supply to; to furnish with as mush as is
desired or desirable; to occupy the whole of; to swarm in or
overrun.
And God blessed them, saying. Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill
the waters in the seas. Gen. i. 22.
The Syrians filled the country. 1 Kings xx. 27.
3. To fill or supply fully with food; to feed; to satisfy.
Whence should we have so much bread in the wilderness, as to fillso
great a multitude? Matt. xv. 33.
Things that are sweet and fat are more filling. Bacon.
4. To possess and perform the duties of; to officiate in, as an
incumbent; to occupy; to hold; as, a king fills a throne; the
president fills the office of chief magistrate; the speaker of the
House fills the chair.
5. To supply with an incumbent; as, to fill an office or a vacancy.
A. Hamilton.
6. (Naut.) (a) To press and dilate, as a sail; as, the wind filled
the sails. (b) To trim (a yard) so that the wind shall blow on the
after side of the sails.
7. (Civil Engineering) To make an embankment in, or raise the level
of (a low place), with earth or gravel.
To fill in, to insert; as, he filled in the figures. -- To fill out,
to extend or enlarge to the desired limit; to make complete; as, to
fill out a bill. -- To fill up, to make quite full; to fill to the
brim or entirely; to occupy completely; to complete. "The bliss that
fills up all the mind." Pope. "And fill up that which is behind of the
afflictions of Christ." Col. i. 24.
Fill
Fill (?), v. i.
1. To become full; to have the whole capacity occupied; to have an
abundant supply; to be satiated; as, corn fills well in a warm season;
the sail fills with the wind.
2. To fill a cup or glass for drinking.
Give me some wine; fill full. Shak.
To back and fill. See under Back, v. i. -- To fill up, to grow or
become quite full; as, the channel of the river fills up with sand.
Fill
Fill, n. [AS. fyllo. See Fill, v. t.] A full supply, as much as
supplies want; as much as gives complete satisfaction. "Ye shall eat
your fill." Lev. xxv. 19.
I'll bear thee hence, where I may weep my fill. Shak.
Filler
Fill"er (?), n. One who, or that which, fills; something used for
filling.
'T is mere filer, to stop a vacancy in the hexameter. Dryden.
They have six diggers to four fillers, so as to keep the fillers
always at work. Mortimer.
Filler
Fill"er, n. [From 1st Fill.] A thill horse. [Prov. Eng.]
Fillet
Fil"let (?), n. [OE. filet, felet, fr. OF. filet thread, fillet of
meat, dim. of fil a thread, fr. L. filum. See Fille a row.]
1. A little band, especially one intended to encircle the hair of the
head.
A belt her waist, a fillet binds her hair. Pope.
2. (Cooking) A piece of lean meat without bone; sometimes, a long
strip rolled together and tied.
NOTE: &hand; A fillet of beef is the under side of the sirlom; also
called tenderloin. A fillet of veal or mutton is the fleshy part of
the thigh. A fillet of fish is a slice of flat fish without bone.
"Fillet of a fenny snake."
Shak.
3. A thin strip or ribbon; esp.: (a) A strip of metal from which coins
are punched. (b) A strip of card clothing. (c) A thin projecting band
or strip.
4. (Mach.) A concave filling in of a re\'89ntrant angle where two
surfaces meet, forming a rounded corner.
5. (Arch.) A narrow flat member; especially, a flat molding separating
other moldings; a reglet; also, the space between two flutings in a
shaft. See Illust. of Base, and Column.
6. (Her.) An ordinary equaling in breadth one fourth of the chief, to
the lowest portion of which it corresponds in position.
7. (Mech.) The thread of a screw.
8. A border of broad or narrow lines of color or gilt.
9. The raised molding about the muzzle of a gun.
10. Any scantling smaller than a batten.
11. (Anat.) A fascia; a band of fibers; applied esp. to certain bands
of white matter in the brain.
12. (Man.) The loins of a horse, beginning at the place where the
hinder part of the saddle rests.
Arris fillet. See under Arris.
Fillet
Fil"let, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Filleted; p. pr. & vb. n. Filleting.] To
bind, furnish, or adorn with a fillet.
Filleting
Fil"let*ing, n.
1. (Arch.) The protecting of a joint, as between roof and parapet
wall, with mortar, or cement, where flashing is employed in better
work.
2. The material of which fillets are made; also, fillets,
collectively.
Fillibeg
Fil"li*beg (?), n. A kilt. See Filibeg.
Fillibuster
Fil"li*bus`ter (?), n. See Filibuster.
Filling
Fill"ing (?), n.
1. That which is used to fill a cavity or any empty space, or to
supply a deficiency; as, filling for a cavity in a tooth, a depression
in a roadbed, the space between exterior and interior walls of
masonry, the pores of open-grained wood, the space between the outer
and inner planks of a vessel, etc.
2. The woof in woven fabrics.
3. (Brewing) Prepared wort added to ale to cleanse it.
Back filling. (Arch.) See under Back, a.
Fillip
Fil"lip (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Filliped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Filliping.] [For filp, flip. Cf. Flippant.]
1. To strike with the nail of the finger, first placed against the
ball of the thumb, and forced from that position with a sudden spring;
to snap with the finger. "You filip me o' the head." Shak.
2. To snap; to project quickly.
The use of the elastic switch to fillip small missiles with. Tylor.
Fillip
Fil"lip, n.
1. A jerk of the finger forced suddenly from the thumb; a smart blow.
2. Something serving to rouse or excite.
I take a glass of grog for a filip. Dickens.
Fillipeen
Fil"li*peen` (?), n. See Philopena.
Fillister
Fil"lis*ter (?), n.
1. The rabbet on the outer edge of a sash bar to hold the glass and
the putty. Knight.
2. A plane for making a rabbet.
Fillister screw had, a short cylindrical screw head, having a convex
top.
Filly
Fil"ly (?), n.; pl. Fillies (#). [Cf. Icel. fylia, fr. foli foal. See
Foal.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A female foal or colt; a young mare. Cf. Colt, Foal.
Neighing in likeness of a filly foal. Shak.
2. A lively, spirited young girl. [Colloq.] Addison.
Film
Film (?), n. [AS. film skin, fr. fell skin; akin to fylmen membrane,
OFries. filmene skin. See Fell skin.]
1. A thin skin; a pellicle; a membranous covering, causing opacity;
hence, any thin, slight covering.
He from thick films shall purge the visual ray. Pope.
2. A slender thread, as that of a cobweb.
Her whip of cricket's bone, the lash of film. Shak.
Film
Film, v. t. To cover with a thin skin or pellicle.
It will but skin and film the ulcerous place. Shak.
Filminess
Film"i*ness (?), n. State of being filmy.
Filmy
Film"y (?), a. Composed of film or films.
Whose filmy cord should bind the struggling fly. Dryden.
Filoplumaceous
Fil`o*plu*ma"ceous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the structure of a
filoplume.
Filoplume
Fil"o*plume (?), n. [L. filum a thread pluma a soft feather.]
(Zo\'94l.) A hairlike feather; a father with a slender scape and
without a web in most or all of its length.
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Filose
Fi"lose` (?), a. [L. filum a thread.] Terminating in a threadlike
process.
Filter
Fil"ter (?), n. [F. filtre, the same word as feutre felt, LL. filtrum,
feltrum, felt, fulled wool, this being used for straining liquors. See
Feuter.] Any porous substance, as cloth, paper, sand, or charcoal,
through which water or other liquid may passed to cleanse it from the
solid or impure matter held in suspension; a chamber or device
containing such substance; a strainer; also, a similar device for
purifying air. Filter bed, a pond, the bottom of which is a filter
composed of sand gravel. -- Filter gallery, an underground gallery or
tunnel, alongside of a stream, to collect the water that filters
through the intervening sand and gravel; -- called also infiltration
gallery.
Filter
Fil"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Filtered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Filtering]
[Cf. F. filter. See Filter, n., and cf. Filtrate.] To purify or
defecate, as water or other liquid, by causing it to pass through a
filter. Filtering paper, OR Filter paper, a porous unsized paper, for
filtering.
Filter
Fil"ter, v. i. To pass through a filter; to percolate.
Filter
Fil"ter, n. Same as Philter.
Filth
Filth (?), n. [OE. filthe, ful\'ebe, AS. f, fr. f\'d4l foul; akin to
OHG. f\'d4lida. See Foul, and cf. File.]
1. Foul matter; anything that soils or defiles; dirt; nastiness.
2. Anything that sullies or defiles the moral character; corruption;
pollution.
To purify the soul from the dross and filth of sensual delights.
Tillotson.
Filth disease (Med.), a disease supposed to be due to pollution of the
soil or water.
Filthily
Filth"i*ly (?), adv. In a filthy manner; foully.
Filthiness
Filth"i*ness, n.
1. The state of being filthy.
Let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and
spirit. 2 Cor. vii. 1.
2. That which is filthy, or makes filthy; foulness; nastiness;
corruption; pollution; impurity.
Carry forth the filthiness out of the holy place. 2 Chron. xxix. 5.
Filthy
Filth"y (?), a. [Compar. Filthier (?); superl. Filthiest.] Defiled
with filth, whether material or moral; nasty; dirty; polluted; foul;
impure; obscene. "In the filthy-mantled pool." Shak.
He which is filthy let him be filthy still. Rev. xxii. 11.
Syn. -- Nasty; foul; dirty; squalid; unclean; sluttish; gross; vulgar;
licentious. See Nasty.
Filtrate
Fil"trate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Filtrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Filtrating. (] [Cf. LL. filtrare. See Filter.] To filter; to defecate;
as liquid, by straining or percolation. Arbuthnot.
Filtrate
Fil"trate (?), n. That which has been filtered; the liquid which has
passed through the filter in the process of filtration.
Filtration
Fil*tra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. filtration.] The act or process of
filtering; the mechanical separation of a liquid from the undissolved
particles floating in it.
Finble, n., OR Fimble hemp
Fin"ble, n., OR Fim"ble hemp` (?).[Corrupted from female hemp.] Light
summer hemp, that bears no seed.
Fimbria
Fim"bri*a (?), n.; pl. Fimbri\'91 (#). [L., fringe. See Fringle.]
(Anat.) (a) pl. A fringe, or fringed border. (b) A band of white
matter bordering the hippocampus in the brain. -- Fim"bri*al (#), a.
Fimbriate
Fim*bri*ate (?), a. [L. fimbriatus fibrous, fringed, fr. fimbria
fiber, fringe. See Fringe.] Having the edge or extremity bordered by
filiform processes thicker than hairs; fringed; as, the fimbriate
petals of the pink; the fimbriate end of the Fallopian tube.
Fimbriate
Fim"bri*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fimbriated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Fimbriating.] To hem; to fringe. Fuller.
Fimbriated
Fim"bri*a`ted (?), a.
1. Having a fringed border; fimbriate.
2. (Her.) Having a very narrow border of another tincture; -- said
esp. of an ordinary or subordinary.
Fimbricate
Fim"bri*cate (?), a.
1. Fringed; jagged; fimbriate.
2. (Zo\'94l.) fringed, on one side only, by long, straight hairs, as
the antenn\'91 of certain insects.
Fin
Fin (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Finned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Finning.]
[Cf. Fin of a fish.] To carve or cut up, as a chub.
Fin
Fin, n. [See Fine, n.] End; conclusion; object. [Obs.] "She knew eke
the fin of his intent." Chaucer.
Fin
Fin, n.[OE. finne, fin, AS. finn; akin to D. vin, G. & Dan. finne, Sw.
fena, L. pinna, penna, a wing, feather. cf. pen a feather.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) An organ of a fish, consisting of a membrane supported
by rays, or little bony or cartilaginous ossicles, and serving to
balance and propel it in the water.
NOTE: &hand; Fi shes move through the water chiefly by means of the
caudal fin or tail, the principal office of the other fins being to
balance or direct the body, though they are also, to a certain
extent, employed in producing motion.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A membranous, finlike, swimming organ, as in pteropod
and heteropod mollusks.
3. A finlike organ or attachment; a part of an object or product which
protrudes like a fin, as: (a) The hand. [Slang] (b) (Com.) A blade of
whalebone. [Eng.] McElrath. (c) (Mech.) A mark or ridge left on a
casting at the junction of the parts of a mold. (d) (Mech.) The thin
sheet of metal squeezed out between the collars of the rolls in the
process of rolling. Raymond. (e) (Mech.) A feather; a spline.
4. A finlike appendage, as to submarine boats.
Apidose fin. (Zo\'94l.) See under Adipose, a. -- Fin ray (Anat.), one
of the hornlike, cartilaginous, or bony, dermal rods which form the
skeleton of the fins of fishes. -- Fin whale (Zo\'94l.), a finback. --
Paired fins (Zo\'94l.), the pectoral and ventral fins, corresponding
to the fore and hind legs of the higher animals. -- Unpaired, OR
Median, fins (Zo\'94l.), the dorsal, caudal, and anal fins.
Finable
Fin"a*ble (?), a. [From Fine.] Liable or subject to a fine; as, a
finable person or offense. Bacon.
Final
Fi"nal (?), a. [F., fr. L. finalis, fr. finis boundary, limit, end.
See Finish.]
1. Pertaining to the end or conclusion; last; terminating; ultimate;
as, the final day of a school term.
Yet despair not of his final pardon. Milton.
2. Conclusive; decisive; as, a final judgment; the battle of Waterloo
brought the contest to a final issue.
3. Respecting an end or object to be gained; respecting the purpose or
ultimate end in view.
Final cause. See under Cause. Syn. -- Final, Conclusive, Ultimate.
Final is now appropriated to that which brings with it an end; as, a
final adjustment; the final judgment, etc. Conclusive implies the
closing of all discussion, negotiation, etc.; as, a conclusive
argument or fact; a conclusive arrangement. In using ultimate, we have
always reference to something earlier or proceeding; as when we say, a
temporary reverse may lead to an ultimate triumph. The statements
which a man finally makes at the close of a negotiation are usually
conclusive as to his ultimate intentions and designs.
Finale
Fi*na"le (?), n. [It. See Final.] Close; termination; as: (a) (Mus.)
The last movement of a symphony, sonata, concerto, or any instrumental
composition. (b) The last composition performed in any act of an
opera. (c) The closing part, piece, or scene in any public performance
or exhibition.
Finality
Fi*nal"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Finalities (#). [L. finalitas the being
last.]
1. The state of being final, finished, or complete; a final or
conclusive arrangement; a settlement. Baxter.
2. The relation of end or purpose to its means. Janet.
Finally
Fi"nal*ly (?), adv.
1. At the end or conclusion; ultimately; lastly; as, the contest was
long, but the Romans finally conquered.
Whom patience finally must crown. Milton.
2. Completely; beyond recovery.
Not any house of noble English in Ireland was utterly destroyed or
finally rooted out. Sir J. Davies.
Finance
Fi*nance" (?), n. [F., fr. LL. financia payment of money, money, fr.
finare to pay a fine or subsidy (cf. OF. finer to finish, pay), fr. L.
finis end. See Fine, n., Finish.]
1. The income of a ruler or of a state; revennue; public money;
sometimes, the income of an individual; often used in the plural for
funds; available money; resources.
All the finances or revenues of the imperial crown. Bacon.
2. The science of raising and expending the public revenue. "Versed in
the details of finance." Macaulay.
Financial
Fi*nan"cial (?), a. Pertaining to finance. "Our financial and
commercial system." Macaulay.
Financialist
Fi*nan"cial*ist, n. A financier.
Financially
Fi*nan"cial*ly, adv. In a dfinancial manner. Burke.
Financier
Fin`an*cier" (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. financier.]
1. One charged with the administration of finance; an officer who
administers the public revenue; a treasurer. Burke.
2. One skilled in financial operations; one acquainted with money
matters.
Financier
Fin`an*cier", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Financiered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Financiering.] To conduct financial operations.
Finary
Fin"a*ry (?), n. (Iron Works) See Finery.
Finative
Fi"na*tive (?), a. Conclusive; decisive; definitive; final. [Obs.]
Greene (1593).
Finback
Fin"back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any whale of the genera Sibbaldius,
Bal\'91noptera, and allied genera, of the family Bal\'91nopterid\'91,
characterized by a prominent fin on the back. The common finbacks of
the New England coast are Sibbaldius tectirostris and S. tuberosus.
Finch
Finch (?), n.; pl. Fishes (#). [AS. finc; akin to D. vink, OHG.
fincho, G. fink; cf. W. pinc a finch; also E. spink.] (Zo\'94l.) A
small singing bird of many genera and species, belonging to the family
Fringillid\'91.
NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd is of ten us ed in co mposition, as in
chaffinch, goldfinch, grassfinch, pinefinch, etc.
Bramble finch. See Brambling. -- Canary finch, the canary bird. --
Copper finch. See Chaffinch. -- Diamond finch. See under Diamond. --
Finch falcon (Zo\'94l.), one of several very small East Indian falcons
of the genus Hierax. -- To pull a finch, to swindle an ignorant or
unsuspecting person. [Obs.] "Privily a finch eke could he pull."
Chaucer.
Finchbacked
Finch"backed` (?), a. Streaked or spotted on the back; -- said of
cattle.
Finched
Finched (?), a. Same as Finchbacked.
Find
Find (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Found (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Finding.]
[AS. findan; akin to D. vinden, OS. & OHG. findan, G. finden, Dan.
finde, icel. & Sw. finna, Goth. fin; and perh. to L. petere to seek,
Gr. pat to fall, fly, E. petition.]
1. To meet with, or light upon, accidentally; to gain the first sight
or knowledge of, as of something new, or unknown; hence, to fall in
with, as a person.
Searching the window for a flint, I found This paper, thus sealed
up. Shak.
In woods and forests thou art found. Cowley.
2. To learn by experience or trial; to perceive; to experience; to
discover by the intellect or the feelings; to detect; to feel. "I find
you passing gentle." Shak.
The torrid zone is now found habitable. Cowley.
3. To come upon by seeking; as, to find something lost. (a) To
discover by sounding; as, to find bottom. (b) To discover by study or
experiment direct to an object or end; as, water is found to be a
compound substance. (c) To gain, as the object of desire or effort;
as, to find leisure; to find means. (d) To attain to; to arrive at; to
acquire.
Seek, and ye shall find. Matt. vii. 7.
Every mountain now hath found a tongue. Byron.
4. To provide for; to supply; to furnish; as, to find food for
workemen; he finds his nephew in money.
Wages \'9c14 and all found. London Times.
Nothing a day and find yourself. Dickens.
<-- obsolete?? -->
5. To arrive at, as a conclusion; to determine as true; to establish;
as, to find a verdict; to find a true bill (of indictment) against an
accused person.
To find his title with some shows of truth. Shak.
To find out, to detect (a thief); to discover (a secret) -- to solve
or unriddle (a parable or enigma); to understand. "Canst thou by
searching find out God?" Job. xi. 7. "We do hope to find out all your
tricks." Milton. -- To find fault with, to blame; to censure. -- To
find one's self, to be; to fare; -- often used in speaking of health;
as, how do you find yourself this morning?
Find
Find (?), v. i. (Law) To determine an issue of fact, and to declare
such a determination to a court; as, the jury find for the plaintiff.
Burrill.
Find
Find, n. Anything found; a discovery of anything valuable; especially,
a deposit, discovered by arch\'91ologists, of objects of prehistoric
or unknown origin.
Findable
Find"a*ble (?), a. Capable of beong found; discoverable. Fuller.
Finder
Find"er (?), n. One who, or that which, finds; specifically (Astron.),
a small telescope of low power and large field of view, attached to a
larger telescope, for the purpose of finding an object more readily.
Findfault
Find"fault` (?), n. A censurer or caviler. [Obs.]
Findfaulting
Find"fault`ing, a. Apt to censure or cavil; faultfinding; captious.
[Obs.] Whitlock.
Finding
Find"ing, n.
1. That which is found, come upon, or provided; esp. (pl.), that which
a journeyman artisan finds or provides for himself; as tools,
trimmings, etc.
When a man hath been laboring . . . in the deep mines of knowledge,
hath furnished out his findings in all their equipage. Milton.
2. Support; maintenance; that which is provided for one; expence;
provision.
3. (Law) The result of a judicial examination or inquiry, especially
into some matter of fact; a verdict; as, the finding of a jury.
Burrill.
After his friends finding and his rent. Chaucer.
Findy
Fin"dy (?), a. [AS. finding heavy; cf. Dan. fyndig strong,
energetical, fynd strength, energy, emphasis.] Full; heavy; firm;
solid; substemtial. [Obs.]
A cold May and a windy Makes the barn fat amd findy. Old Prover
Fine
Fine (?), a. [Compar. Finer (?); superl. Finest.] [F. fin, LL. finus
fine, pure, fr. L. finire to finish; cf. finitus, p.p., finished,
completed (hence the sense accomplished, perfect.) See Finish, and cf.
Finite.]
1. Finished; brought to perfection; refined; hence, free from
impurity; excellent; superior; elegant; worthy of admiration;
accomplished; beautiful.
The gain thereof [is better] than fine gold. Prov. iii. 14.
A cup of wine that's brisk and fine. Shak.
Not only the finest gentleman of his time, but one of the finest
scholars. Felton.
To soothe the sick bed of so fine a being [Keats]. Leigh Hunt.
2. Aiming at show or effect; loaded with ornament; overdressed or
overdecorated; showy.
He gratified them with occasional . . . fine writing. M. Arnold.
3. Nice; delicate; subtle; exquisite; artful; skillful; dexterous.
The spider's touch, how exquisitely fine! Pope.
The nicest and most delicate touches of satire consist in fine
raillery. Dryden.
He has as fine a hand at picking a pocket as a woman. T. Gray.
4. Not coarse, gross, or heavy; as: (a) Not gross; subtile; thin;
tenous.
The eye standeth in the finer medium and the object in the grosser.
Bacon.
(b) Not coarse; comminuted; in small particles; as, fine sand or
flour. (c) Not thick or heavy; slender; filmy; as, a fine thread. (d)
Thin; attenuate; keen; as, a fine edge. (e) Made of fine materials;
light; delicate; as, fine linen or silk.
5. Having (such) a proportion of pure metal in its composition; as,
coins nine tenths fine.
6. (Used ironically.)
Ye have made a fine hand, fellows. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Fi ne is of ten co mpounded wi th pa rticiples an d
adjectives, modifying them adverbially; a, fine-drawn,
fine-featured, fine-grained, fine-spoken, fine-spun, etc.
Fine arch (Glass Making), the smaller fritting furnace of a
glasshouse. Knight. -- Fine arts. See the Note under Art. -- Fine cut,
fine cut tobacco; a kind of chewing tobacco cut up into shreds. --
Fine goods, woven fabrics of fine texture and quality. McElrath. --
Fine stuff, lime, or a mixture of lime, plaster, etc., used as
material for the finishing coat in plastering. -- To sail fine
(Naut.), to sail as close to the wind as possible. Syn. -- Fine,
Beautiful. When used as a word of praise, fine (being opposed to
coarse) denotes no "ordinary thing of its kind." It is not as strong
as beautiful, in reference to the single attribute implied in the
latter term; but when we speak of a fine woman, we include a greater
variety of particulars, viz., all the qualities which become a woman,
-- breeding, sentiment, tact, etc. The term is equally comprehensive
when we speak of a fine garden, landscape, horse, poem, etc.; and,
though applied to a great variety of objects, the word has still a
very definite sense, denoting a high degree of characteristic
excellence.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 561
Fine
Fine, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fining.] [From
Fine, a.]
1. To make fine; to refine; to purify, to clarify; as, to fine gold.
It hath been fined and refined by . . . learned men. Hobbes.
2. To make finer, or less coarse, as in bulk, texture, etc.; as. to
fine the soil. L. H. Bailey.
3. To change by fine gradations; as (Naut.), to fine down a ship's
lines, to diminish her lines gradually.
I often sate at home On evenings, watching how they fined
themselves With gradual conscience to a perfect night. Browning.
Fine
Fine (?), n. [OE. fin, L. finis end, also in LL., a final agreement or
concord between the lord and his vassal; a sum of money paid at the
end, so as to make an end of a transaction, suit, or prosecution;
mulct; penalty; cf. OF. fin end, settlement, F. fin end. See Finish,
and cf. Finance.]
1. End; conclusion; termination; extinction. [Obs.] "To see their
fatal fine." Spenser.
Is this the fine of his fines? Shak.
2. A sum of money paid as the settlement of a claim, or by way of
terminating a matter in dispute; especially, a payment of money
imposed upon a party as a punishment for an offense; a mulct.
3. (Law) (a) (Feudal Law) A final agreement concerning lands or rents
between persons, as the lord and his vassal. Spelman. (b) (Eng. Law) A
sum of money or price paid for obtaining a benefit, favor, or
privilege, as for admission to a copyhold, or for obtaining or
renewing a lease.
Fine for alienation (Feudal Law), a sum of money paid to the lord by a
tenant whenever he had occasion to make over his land to another.
Burrill. -- Fine of lands, a species of conveyance in the form of a
fictitious suit compromised or terminated by the acknowledgment of the
previous owner that such land was the right of the other party.
Burrill. See Concord, n., 4. -- In fine, in conclusion; by way of
termination or summing up.
Fine
Fine, v. t. [From Fine, n.] To impose a pecuniary penalty upon for an
offense or breach of law; to set a fine on by judgment of a court; to
punish by fine; to mulct; as, the trespassers were fined ten dollars.
Fine
Fine, v. i. To pay a fine. See Fine, n., 3 (b). [R.]
Men fined for the king's good will; or that he would remit his
anger; women fined for leave to marry. Hallam.
Fine
Fine, v. t. & i. [OF. finer, F. finir. See Finish, v. t.] To finish;
to cease; or to cause to cease. [Obs.]
Finedraw
Fine"draw` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Finedrawn (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Finedrawing.] To sew up, so nicely that the seam is not perceived; to
renter. Marryat.
Finedrawer
Fine"draw`er (?), n. One who finedraws.
Finedrawn
Fine"drawn` (?), a. Drawn out with too much subtilty; overnice; as,
finedrawn speculations.
Fineer
Fi*neer" (?), v. i. To run in dept by getting goods made up in a way
unsuitable for the use of others, and then threatening not to take
them except on credit. [R.] Goldsmith.
Fineer
Fi*neer", v. t. To veneer.
Fineless
Fine"less (?), a. [Fine end + -less.] Endless; boundless. [Obs.] Shak.
Finely
Fine"ly, adv. In a fine or finished manner.
Fineness
Fine"ness, n. [From Fine, a.]
1. The quality or condition of being fine.
2. Freedom from foreign matter or alloy; clearness; purity; as, the
fineness of liquor.
The fineness of the gold, and chargeful fashion. Shak.
3. The proportion of pure silver or gold in jewelry, bullion, or
coins.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fi neness of Un ited States coin is nine tenths,
that of English gold coin is eleven twelfths, and that of English
silver coin is
4. Keenness or sharpness; as, the fineness of a needle's point, or
of the edge of a blade.
Finer
Fin"er (?), n. One who fines or purifies.
Finery
Fin"er*y (?), n.
1. Fineness; beauty. [Obs.]
Don't choose your place of study by the finery of the prospects. I.
Watts.
2. Ornament; decoration; especially, excecially decoration; showy
clothes; jewels.
Her mistress' cast-off finery. F. W. Robertson.
3. [Cf. Refinery.] (Iron Works) A charcoal hearth or furnace for
the conversion of cast iron into wrought iron, or into iron
suitable for puddling.
Finespun
Fine"spun` (?), a. Spun so as to be fine; drawn to a fine thread;
attenuated; hence, unsubstantial; visionary; as, finespun theories.
Finesse
Fi`nesse" (? OR ?), n. [F., fr. fin fine. See Fine, a.]
1. Subtilty of contrivance to gain a point; artifice; stratagem.
This is the artificialest piece of finesse to persuade men into
slavery. Milton.
2. (Whist Playing) The act of finessing. See Finesse, v. i., 2.
Finesse
Fi*nesse" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Finessed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Finessing.]
1. To use artifice or stratagem. Goldsmith.
2. (Whist Playing) To attempt, when second or third player, to make
a lower card answer the purpose of a higher, when an intermediate
card is out, risking the chance of its being held by the opponent
yet to play.
Finestill
Fine"still` (?), v. t. To distill, as spirit from molasses or some
saccharine preparation.
Finestiller
Fine"still`er (?), n. One who finestills.
Finew
Fin"ew (?), n. [See Fenowed.] Moldiness. [R.]
Finfish
Fin"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A finback whale. (b) (pl.) True
fish, as distinguished from shellfish.
Finfoot
Fin"foot` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A South American bird (heliornis
fulica) allied to the grebes. The name is also applied to several
related species of the genus Podica.
Fin-footed
Fin"-foot`ed, a. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Having palmate feet. (b) Having
lobate toes, as the coot and grebe.
Finger
Fin"ger (?), n. [AS. finger; akin to D. vinger, OS. & OHG. fingar,
G. finger, Icel. fingr, Sw. & Dan. finger, Goth. figgrs; of unknown
origin; perh. akin to E. fang.]
1. One of the five terminating members of the hand; a digit; esp.,
one of the four extermities of the hand, other than the thumb.
2. Anything that does work of a finger; as, the pointer of a clock,
watch, or other registering machine; especially (Mech.) a small
projecting rod, wire, or piece, which is brought into contact with
an object to effect, direct, or restrain a motion.
3. The breadth of a finger, or the fourth part of the hand; a
measure of nearly an inch; also, the length of finger, a measure in
domestic use in the United States, of about four and a half inches
or one eighth of a yard.
A piece of steel three fingers thick. Bp. Wilkins.
4. Skill in the use of the fingers, as in playing upon a musical
instrument. [R.]
She has a good finger. Busby.
Ear finger, the little finger. -- Finger alphabet. See Dactylology. --
Finger bar, the horizontal bar, carrying slotted spikes, or fingers,
through which the vibratory knives of mowing and reaping machines
play. -- Finger board (Mus.), the part of a stringed instrument
against which the fingers press the strings to vary the tone; the
keyboard of a piano, organ, etc.; manual. -- Finger bowl OR glass, a
bowl or glass to hold water for rinsing the fingers at table. --
Finger flower (Bot.), the foxglove. -- Finger grass (Bot.), a kind of
grass (Panicum sanguinale) with slender radiating spikes; common crab
grass. See Crab grass, under Crab. -- Finger nut, a fly nut or thumb
nut. -- Finger plate, a strip of metal, glass, etc., to protect a
painted or polished door from finger marks. -- Finger post, a guide
post bearing an index finger. -- Finger reading, reading printed in
relief so as to be sensible to the touch; -- so made for the blind. --
Finger shell (Zo\'94l.), a marine shell (Pholas dactylus) resembling a
finger in form. -- Finger sponge (Zo\'94l.), a sponge having
finger-shaped lobes, or branches. -- Finger stall, a cover or shield
for a finger. -- Finger steel, a steel instrument for whetting a
currier's knife. To burn one's fingers. See under Burn. -- To have a
finger in, to be concerned in. [Colloq.] -- To have at one's fingers'
ends, to be thoroughly familiar with. [Colloq.]
Finger
Fin"ger (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fingered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fingering.]
1. To touch with the fingers; to handle; to meddle with.
Let the papers lie; You would be fingering them to anger me. Shak.
2. To touch lightly; to toy with.
3. (Mus.) (a) To perform on an instrument of music. (b) To mark the
notes of (a piece of music) so as to guide the fingers in playing.
4. To take thievishly; to pilfer; to purloin. Shak.
5. To execute, as any delicate work.
Finger
Fin"ger, v. i. (Mus.) To use the fingers in playing on an instrument.
Busby.
Fingered
Fin"gered (?), a.
1. Having fingers.
2. (Bot.) Having leaflets like fingers; digitate.
3. (Mus.) Marked with figures designating which finger should be used
for each note.
Fingerer
Fin"ger*er (?), n. One who fingers; a pilferer.
Fingering
Fin"ger*ing, n.
1. The act or process of handling or touching with the fingers.
The mere sight and fingering of money. Grew.
2. The manner of using the fingers in playing or striking the keys of
an instrument of music; movement or management of the fingers in
playing on a musical instrument, in typewriting, etc.
3. The marking of the notes of a piece of music to guide or regulate
the action or use of the fingers.
4. Delicate work made with the fingers. Spenser.
Fingerling
Fin"ger*ling (?), n. [Finger + -ling.] (Zo\'94l.) A young salmon. See
Parr.
Fingle-fangle
Fin"gle-fan`gle (?), n. [From fangle.] A trifle. [Low] Hudibras.
Fingrigo
Fin"gri*go (?), n.; pl. Fingrigos (#). [So called in Jamaica.] (Bot.)
A prickly, climbing shrub of the genus Pisonia. The fruit is a kind of
berry.
Finial
Fin"*i*al (?), n. [L. finire to finish, end. See Finish.] (Arch.) The
knot or bunch of foliage, or foliated ornament, that forms the upper
extremity of a pinnacle in Gothic architecture; sometimes, the
pinnacle itself.
Finical
Fin"i*cal (?), a. [From Fine, a.] Affectedly fine; overnice; unduly
particular; fastidious. "Finical taste." Wordsworth.
The gross style consists in giving no detail, the finical in giving
nothing else. Hazlitt.
Syn. -- Finical, Spruce, Foppish. These words are applied to persons
who are studiously desirous to cultivate finery of appearance. One who
is spruce is elaborately nice in dress; one who is finical shows his
affectation in language and manner as well as in dress; one who is
foppish distinguishes himself by going to the extreme of the fashion
in the cut of his clothes, by the tawdriness of his ornaments, and by
the ostentation of his manner. "A finical gentleman clips his words
and screws his body into as small a compass as possible, to give
himself the air of a delicate person; a spruce gentleman strives not
to have a fold wrong in his frill or cravat, nor a hair of his head to
lie amiss; a foppish gentleman seeks . . . to render himself
distinguished for finery." Crabb. -- Fin"i*cal*ly, adv. --
Fin"i*cal*ness, n.
Finicality
Fin`i*cal"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being finical; finicalness.
Finicking, Finicky
Fin"ick*ing (?), Fin"ick*y, a.Finical; unduly particular. [Colloq.]
Finific
Fi*nif"ic (? OR ?), n. [L. finis end + facere to make.] A limiting
element or quality. [R.]
The essential finific in the form of the finite. Coleridge.
Finify
Fin"i*fy (? OR ?), v. t. [Fine, a. + -fy.] To make fine; to dress
finically. [Obs.]
Hath so pared and finified them [his feet.] B. Jonson.
Finikin
Fin"i*kin (?), a. [Fine, a. + -kin.] Precise in trifles; idly busy.
[Colloq.] Smart.
Fining
Fin"ing (?), n.
1. The act of imposing a fin
2. The process of fining or refining; clarification; also (Metal.),
the conversion of cast iron into suitable for puddling, in a hearth or
charcoal fire.
3. That which is used to refine; especially, a preparation of
isinglass, gelatin, etc., for clarifying beer.
Fining pot, a vessel in which metals are refined. Prov. xvii. 3.
Finis
Fi"nis (?), n. [L.] An end; conclusion. It is often placed at the end
of a book.
Finish
Fin"ish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Finished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Finishing.] [F. finir (with a stem finiss- in several forms, whence E.
-ish: see -ish.),fr. L. finire to limit, finish, end, fr. finis
boundary, limit, end; perh. for fidnis, and akin findere to cleave, E.
fissure.]
1. To arrive at the end of; to bring to an end; to put an end to; to
make an end of; to terminate.
And heroically hath finished A life heroic. Milton.
2. To bestow the last required labor upon; to complete; to bestow the
utmost possible labor upon; to perfect; to accomplish; to polish. Syn.
-- To end; terminate; close; conclude; complete; accomplish; perfect.
Finish
Fin"ish, v. i.
1. To come to an end; to terminate.
His days may finish ere that hapless time. Shak.
2. To end; to die. [R.] Shak.
Finish
Fin"ish, n.
1. That which finishes, puts an end to
2. (Arch.) The joiner work and other finer work required for the
completion of a building, especially of the interior. See Inside
finish, and Outside finish.
3. (Fine Arts) (a) The labor required to give final completion to any
work; hence, minute detail, careful elaboration, or the like. (b) See
Finishing coat, under Finishing.
4. The result of completed labor, as on the surface of an object;
manner or style of finishing; as, a rough, dead, or glossy finish
given to cloth, stone, metal, etc.
5. Completion; -- opposed to start, or beginning.
Finished
Fin"ished (?), a. Polished to the highest degree of excellence;
complete; perfect; as, a finished poem; a finished education. Finished
work (Mach.), work that is made smooth or polished, though not
necessarily completed.
Finisher
Fin"ish*er (?), n.
1. One who finishes, puts an end to, completes, or perfects; esp. used
in the trades, as in hatting, weaving, etc., for the workman who gives
a finishing touch to the work, or any part of it, and brings it to
perfection.
O prophet of glad tidings, finisher Of utmost hope! Milton.
2. Something that gives the finishing touch to, or settles, anything.
[Colloq.]
Finishing
Fin"ish*ing, n. The act or process of completing or perfecting; the
final work upon or ornamentation of a thing.
Finishing
Fin"ish*ing, a. Tending to complete or to render fit for the market or
for use. Finishing coat. (a) (Plastering) the final coat of plastering
applied to walls and ceilings, usually white and rubbed smooth. (b)
(Painting) The final coat of paint, usually differently mixed applied
from the others. -- Finishing press, a machine for pressing fabrics.
-- Finishing rolls (Iron Working), the rolls of a train which receive
the bar from roughing rolls, and reduce it to its finished shape.
Raymond.
Finite
Fi"nite (?), a. [L. finitus, p.p. of finire. See Finish, and cf. Fine,
a.] Having a limit; limited in quantity, degree, or capacity; bounded;
-- opposed to infinite; as, finite number; finite existence; a finite
being; a finite mind; finite duration.
Finiteless
Fi"nite*less, a Infinite. [Obs.] Sir T. browne.
Finitely
Fi"nite*ly, adv. In a finite manner or degree.
Finiteness
Fi"nite*ness, n. The state of being finite.
Finitude
Fin"i*tude (?), n. [L. finire. See Finish.] Limitation. Cheyne.
Finlander
Fin"land*er (?), n. A native or inhabitant of Finland.
Finless
Fin"less, a. (Zo\'94l.) destitute of fins.
Finlet
Fin"let (?), n. [Fin + -let.] A little fin; one of the parts of a
divided fin.
Finlike
Fin"like` (?), a. Resembling a fin.
Finn
Finn (?), a. A native of Finland; one of the FinnFinns.
Finnan haddie
Fin"nan had"die (?). [See Haddock.] Haddock cured in peat smoke,
originally at Findon (pron. f\'ccn"an), Scotland. the name is also
applied to other kinds of smoked haddock. [Written also finnan
haddock.]
Finned
Finned (?), a. Having a fin, or fins, or anything resembling a fin.
Mortimer.
Finner
Fin"ner (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A finback whale.
Finnic
Finn"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Finns.
Finnikin
Fin"ni*kin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A variety of pigeon, with a crest
somewhat resembling the mane of a horse. [Written also finikin.]
Finnish
Finn"ish (?), a. Of or pertaining to Finland, to the Finns, or to
their language. -- n. A Northern Turanian group of languages; the
language of the Finns.
Finns
Finns (?), n. pl.; sing. Finn. (Ethnol.) (a) Natives of Finland;
Finlanders. (b) A branch of the Mongolian race, inhabiting Northern
and Eastern Europe, including the Magyars, Bulgarians, Permians,
Lapps, and Finlanders. [Written also Fins.]
Finny
Fin"ny (?), a.
1. (Zo\'94l.) Having, or abounding in, fins, as fishes; pertaining to
fishes.
2. Abounding in fishes.
With patient angle trolls the finny deep. Goldsmoth.
Finochio
Fi*no"chi*o (?; 277), n. [It. finocchio fennel, LL. fenuclum. See
Fennel.] (Bot.) An umbelliferous plant (F\'d2niculum dulce) having a
somewhat tuberous stem; sweet fennel. The blanched stems are used in
France and Italy as a culinary vegetable.
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Finos
Fi"nos (?), n. pl. [Sp., pl., fr. fino fine.] Second best wool from
Merino sheep. Gardner.
Finpike
Fin"pike` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The bichir. See Crossopterygii.
Fint
Fint (?), 3d pers. sing. pr. of Find, for findeth. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fin-toed
Fin"-toed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having toes connected by a membrane;
palmiped; palmated; also, lobate.
Fiord
Fiord (fyi or y consonant, § 272), n. [Dan. & Norw. fiord. See Frith.]
A narrow inlet of the sea, penetrating between high banks or rocks, as
on the coasts of Norway and Alaska. [Written also fjord.]
Fiorin
Fi"o*rin (?), n. [Cf. Ir. fiothran a sort of grass.] (Bot.) A species
of creeping bent grass (Agrostis alba); -- called also fiorin grass.
Fiorite
Fi"o*rite (?), n. (Min.) A variety of opal occuring in the cavities of
volcanic tufa, in smooth and shining globular and botryoidal masses,
having a pearly luster; -- so called from Fiora, in Ischia.
Fioriture
Fio`ri*tu"re (?), n. pl. [It., pl. of fioritura a flowering.] (Mus.)
Little flowers of ornament introduced into a melody by a singer or
player. <-- no pos in original. = n. -->
Fippenny bit
Fip"pen*ny bit` (? OR ?). [Corruption of five penny bit.] The Spanish
half real, or one sixteenth of a dollar, -- so called in Pennsylvania
and the adjacent States. [Obs.]
NOTE: &hand; Be fore the act of Congress, Feb. 21, 1857, caused the
adoption of decimal coins and the withdrawal of foreign coinage
from circulation, this coin passed currently for 6 cents, and was
called in New England a fourpence ha'penny or fourpence; in New
York a sixpence; in Pennsylvania, Virginia, etc., a fip; and in
Louisiana, a picayune.
Fipple
Fip"ple (f&etil;r), n. [perh. fr. L. fibula a clasp, a pin; cf. Prov.
E. fible a stick used to stir pottage.] A stopper, as in a wind
instrument of music. [Obs.] Bacon.
Fir
Fir (?), n. [Dan. fyr, fyrr; akin to Sw. furu, Icel. fura, AS. furh in
furhwudu fir wood, G. f\'94hre, OHG. forha pine, vereheih a sort of
oak, L. quercus (Bot.) A genus (Abies) of coniferous trees, often of
large size and elegant shape, some of them valued for their timber and
others for their resin. The species are distinguished as the balsam
fir, the silver fir, the red fir, etc. The Scoth fir is a Pinus.
NOTE: &hand; Fi r in the Bible means any one of several coniferous
trees, including, cedar, cypress, and probably three species of
pine.
J. D. Hooker.
Fire
Fire (?), n. [OE. fir, fyr, fur AS. fr; akin to D. vuur, OS. & OHG.
fiur, G. feuer, Icel. f, f, Gr. purus pure, E. pure Cf. Empyrean,
Pyre.]
1. The evolution of light and heat in the combustion of bodies;
combustion; state of ignition.
NOTE: &hand; Th e form of fire exhibited in the combustion of gases
in an ascending stream or current is called flame. Anciently, fire,
air, earth, and water were regarded as the four elements of which
all things are composed.
2. Fuel in a state of combustion, as on a hearth, or in
3. The burning of a house or town; a conflagration.
4. Anything which destroys or affects like fire.
5. Ardor of passion, whether love or hate; excessive warmth;
consumingviolence of temper.
he had fire in his temper.Atterbury.
6. Liveliness of imagination or fancy; intellectual and moral
enthusiasm; capacity for ardor and zeal.
And bless their critic with a poet's fire.Pope.
7. Splendor; brilliancy; luster; hence, a star.
Stars, hide your fires.Shak.
As in a zodiac
representing the heavenly fires.Milton.
8. Torture by burning; severe trial or affliction.
9. The discharge of firearms; firing; as, the troops were exposed
to a heavy fire.
Blue fire
,
Red fire
,
Green fire (Pyrotech.), compositions of various combustible
substances, as sulphur, niter, lampblack, etc., the flames of which
are colored by various metallic salts, as those of antimony,
strontium, barium, etc. -- Fire alarm (a) A signal given on the
breaking out of a fire. (b) An apparatus for giving such an alarm. --
Fire annihilator, a machine, device, or preparation to be kept at hand
for extinguishing fire by smothering it with some incombustible vapor
or gas, as carbonic acid. -- Fire balloon. (a) A balloon raised in the
air by the buoyancy of air heated by a fire placed in the lower
part<-- = hot-air balloon -->. (b) A balloon sent up at night with
fireworks which ignite at a regulated height. Simmonds. -- Fire bar, a
grate bar. -- Fire basket, a portable grate; a cresset. Knight. --
Fire beetle. (Zo\'94l.) See in the Vocabulary. -- Fire blast, a
disease of plants which causes them to appear as if burnt by fire. --
Fire box, the chamber of a furnace, steam boiler, etc., for the fire.
-- Fire brick, a refractory brick, capable of sustaining intense heat
without fusion, usually made of fire clay or of siliceous material,
with some cementing substance, and used for lining fire boxes, etc. --
Fire brigade, an organized body of men for extinguished fires. -- Fire
bucket. See under Bucket. -- Fire bug, an incendiary; one who, from
malice or through mania, persistently sets fire to property; a
pyromaniac. [U.S.] -- Fire clay. See under Clay. -- Fire company, a
company of men managing an engine in extinguishing fires. -- Fire
cross. See Fiery cross. [Obs.] Milton. -- Fire damp. See under Damp.
-- Fire dog. See Firedog, in the Vocabulary. -- Fire drill. (a) A
series of evolutions performed by fireman for practice. (b) An
apparatus for producing fire by friction, by rapidly twirling a wooden
pin in a wooden socket; -- used by the Hindoos during all historic
time, and by many savage peoples. -- Fire eater. (a) A juggler who
pretends to eat fire. (b) A quarrelsome person who seeks affrays; a
hotspur. [Colloq.] -- Fire engine, a portable forcing pump, usually on
wheels, for throwing water to extinguish fire. -- Fire escape, a
contrivance for facilitating escape from burning buildings. -- Fire
gilding (Fine Arts), a mode of gilding with an amalgam of gold and
quicksilver, the latter metal being driven off afterward by heat. --
Fire gilt (Fine Arts), gold laid on by the process of fire gilding. --
Fire insurance, the act or system of insuring against fire; also, a
contract by which an insurance company undertakes, in consideration of
the payment of a premium or small percentage -- usually made
periodically -- to indemnify an owner of property from loss by fire
during a specified period. -- Fire irons, utensils for a fireplace or
grate, as tongs, poker, and shovel. -- Fire main, a pipe for water, to
be used in putting out fire. -- Fire master (Mil), an artillery
officer who formerly supervised the composition of fireworks. -- Fire
office, an office at which to effect insurance against fire. -- Fire
opal, a variety of opal giving firelike reflections. -- Fire ordeal,
an ancient mode of trial, in which the test was the ability of the
accused to handle or tread upon red-hot irons. Abbot. -- Fire pan, a
pan for holding or conveying fire, especially the receptacle for the
priming of a gun. -- Fire plug, a plug or hydrant for drawing water
from the main pipes in a street, building, etc., for extinguishing
fires. -- Fire policy, the writing or instrument expressing the
contract of insurance against loss by fire. -- Fire pot. (a) (Mil.) A
small earthen pot filled with combustibles, formerly used as a missile
in war. (b) The cast iron vessel which holds the fuel or fire in a
furnace. (c) A crucible. (d) A solderer's furnace. -- Fire raft, a
raft laden with combustibles, used for setting fire to an enemy's
ships. -- Fire roll, a peculiar beat of the drum to summon men to
their quarters in case of fire. -- Fire setting (Mining), the process
of softening or cracking the working face of a lode, to facilitate
excavation, by exposing it to the action of fire; -- now generally
superseded by the use of explosives. Raymond. -- Fire ship, a vessel
filled with combustibles, for setting fire to an enemy's ships. --
Fire shovel, a shovel for taking up coals of fire. -- Fire stink, the
stench from decomposing iron pyrites, caused by the formation of
sulphureted hydrogen. Raymond. -- Fire surface, the surfaces of a
steam boiler which are exposed to the direct heat of the fuel and the
products of combustion; heating surface. -- Fire swab, a swab
saturated with water, for cooling a gun in action and clearing away
particles of powder, etc. Farrow. -- Fire teaser, in England, the
fireman of a steam emgine. -- Fire water, ardent spirits; -- so called
by the American Indians. -- Fire worship, the worship of fire, which
prevails chiefly in Persia, among the followers of Zoroaster, called
Chebers, or Guebers, and among the Parsees of India. -- Greek fire.
See under Greek. -- On fire, burning; hence, ardent; passionate;
eager; zealous. -- Running fire, the rapid discharge of firearms in
succession by a line of troops. -- St. Anthony's fire, erysipelas; --
an eruptive fever which St. Anthony was supposed to cure miraculously.
Hoblyn. -- St. Elmo's fire. See under Saint Elmo. -- To set on fire,
to inflame; to kindle. -- To take fire, to begin to burn; to fly into
a passion.
Fire
Fire (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fired (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fring.]
1. To set on fire; to kindle; as, to fire a house or chimney; to fire
a pile.
2. To subject to intense heat; to bake; to burn in a kiln; as, to fire
pottery.
3. To inflame; to irritate, as the passions; as, to fire the soul with
anger, pride, or revenge.
Love had fired my mind. Dryden.
4. To animate; to give life or spirit to; as, to fire the genius of a
young man.
5. To feed or serve the fire of; as, to fire a boiler.
6. To light up as if by fire; to illuminate.
[The sun] fires the proud tops of the eastern pines. Shak.
7. To cause to explode; as, to fire a torpedo; to disharge; as, to
fire a musket or cannon; to fire cannon balls, rockets, etc.
8. To drive by fire. [Obs.]
Till my bad angel fire my good one out. Shak.
9. (Far.) To cauterize.
To fire up, to light up the fires of, as of an engine.<--
figuratively, to start up any machine -->
Fire
Fire, v. i.
1. To take fire; to be kindled; to kindle.
2. To be irritated or inflamed with passion.
3. To discharge artillery or firearms; as, they fired on the town.
To fire up, to grow irritated or angry. "He . . . fired up, and stood
vigorously on his defense." Macaulay.
Firearm
Fire"arm` (?), n. A gun, pistol, or any weapon from a shot is
discharged by the force of an explosive substance, as gunpowder.
Fireback
Fire"back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of several species of pheasants of
the genus Euplocamus, having the lower back a bright, fiery red. They
inhabit Southern Asia and the East Indies.
Fireball
Fire"ball` (?), n. (a) (Mil.) A ball filled with powder or other
combustibles, intended to be thrown among enemies, and to injure by
explosion; also, to set fire to their works and light them up, so that
movements may be seen. (b) A luminous meteor, resembling a ball of
fire passing rapidly through the air, and sometimes exploding.<--
large mass of fire caused by a large explosion, as of inflammable
liquids or a nuclear explosion -->
Firebare
Fire"bare` (?), n. A beacon. [Obs.] Burrill.
Fire beetle
Fire" bee`tle (?). (Zo\'94l.) A very brilliantly luminous beetle
(Pyrophorus noctilucus), one of the elaters, found in Central and
South America; -- called also cucujo. The name is also applied to
other species. See Firefly.
Firebird
Fire"bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The Baltimore oriole.
Fireboard
Fire"board` (?), n. A chimney board or screen to close a fireplace
when not in use.
Firebote
Fire"bote` (?), n. (O.Eng.Law) An allowance of fuel. See Bote.
Firebrand
Fire"brand` (?), n.
1. A piece of burning wood. L'Estrange.
2. One who inflames factions, or causes contention and mischief; an
incendiary. Bacon.
Firecracker
Fire"crack`er (?), n. See Cracker., n., 3.
Firecrest
Fire"crest` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small European kinglet (Regulus
ignicapillus), having a bright red crest; -- called also fire-crested
wren.
Firedog
Fire"dog` (?), n. A support for wood in a fireplace; an andiron.
Firedrake
Fire"drake` (?), n. [AS. f; f fire + draca a dragon. See Fire, and
Drake a dragon.] [Obs.]
1. A fiery dragon. Beau. & Fl.
2. A fiery meteor; an ignis fatuus; a rocket.
3. A worker at a furnace or fire. B. Jonson.
Fire-fanged
Fire"-fanged` (?), a. [Fire + fanged seized.] Injured as by fire;
burned; -- said of manure which has lost its goodness and acquired an
ashy hue in consequence of heat generated by decomposition.
Firefish
Fire"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A singular marine fish of the genus
Pterois, family Scorp\'91nid\'91, of several species, inhabiting the
Indo-Pacific region. They are usually red, and have very large spinose
pectoral and dorsal fins.
Fireflaire
Fire"flaire` (?), n. [Fire + Prov. E. flaire a ray.] (Zo\'94l.) A
European sting ray of the genus Trygon (T. pastinaca); -- called also
fireflare and fiery flaw.
Fireflame
Fire"flame` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European band fish (Cepola
rubescens).
Firefly
Fire"fly` (?), n.; pl. Fireflies (. (Zo\'94l.) Any luminous winged
insect, esp. luminous beetles of the family Lampyrid\'91.
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon Am erican sp ecies be long to the genera
Photinus and Photuris, in which both sexes are winged. The name is
also applied to luminous species of Elaterid\'91. See Fire beetle.
Fireless
Fire"less, a. Destitute of fire.
Firelock
Fire"lock`, n. An old form of gunlock, as the flintlock, which ignites
the priming by a spark; perhaps originally, a matchlock. Hence, a gun
having such a lock.
Fireman
Fire"man (?), n.; pl. Firemen (-men).
1. A man whose business is to extinguish fires in towns; a member of a
fire company.
2. A man who tends the fires, as of a steam engine; a stocker.
Fire-new
Fire"-new` (?), a. Fresh from the forge; bright; quite new; brand-new.
Charles reade.
Your fire-new stamp of honor is scarce current. Shak.
Fireplace
Fire"place` (?), n. The part a chimney appropriated to the fire; a
hearth; -- usually an open recess in a wall, in which a fire may be
built.
Fireproof
Fire"proof` (?), a. Proof against fire; incombustible.
Fireprrofing
Fire"prrof`ing (?), n. The act or process of rendering anything
incombustible; also, the materials used in the process.
Firer
Fir"er (?), n. One who fires or sets fire to anything; an incendiary.
[R.] R. Carew.
Fire-set
Fire"-set` (?), n. A set of fire irons, including, commonly, tongs,
shovel, and poker.
Fireside
Fire"side` (?), n. A place near the fire or hearth; home; domestic
life or retirement.
Firestone
Fire"stone` (?; 110), n. [AS. f flint; f fire + st\'ben stone.]
1. Iron pyrites, formerly used for striking fire; also, a flint.
2. A stone which will bear the heat of a furnace without injury; --
especially applied to the sandstone at the top of the upper greensand
in the south of England, used for lining kilns and furnaces. Ure.
Firetail
Fire"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European redstart; -- called also
fireflirt. [prov. Eng.]
Firewarden
Fire"ward`en (?), n. An officer who has authority to direct in the
extinguishing of fires, or to order what precautions shall be taken
against fires; -- called also fireward.
Fireweed
Fire"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) An American plant (Erechthites
hiercifolia), very troublesome in spots where brushwood has been
burned. (b) The great willow-herb (Epilobium spicatum).
Firewood
Fire"wood` (?), n. Wood for fuel.
Firework
Fire"work` (?), n.
1. A device for producing a striking display of light, or a figure or
figures in plain or colored fire, by the combustion of materials that
burn in some peculiar manner, as gunpowder, sulphur, metallic filings,
and various salts. The most common feature of fireworks is a paper or
pasteboard tube filled with the combustible material. A number of
these tubes or cases are often combined so as to make, when kindled, a
great variety of figures in fire, often variously colored. The
skyrocket is a common form of firework. The name is also given to
various combustible preparations used in war.
2. pl. A pyrotechnic exhibition. [Obs. in the sing.]
Night before last, the Duke of Richmond gave a firework. Walpole.
Fireworm
Fire"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of a small tortricid moth
which eats the leaves of the cranberry, so that the vines look as if
burned; -- called also cranberry worm.
Firing
Fir"ing, n.
1. The act of disharging firearms.
2. The mode of introducing fuel into the furnace and working it.
Knight.
3. The application of fire, or of a cautery. Dunglison.
4. The process of partly vitrifying pottery by exposing it to intense
heat in a kiln.
5. Fuel; firewood or coal. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Firing iron, an instrument used in cauterizing.
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Page 563
Firk
Firk (?), v. t. [Cf. OE. ferken to proceed, hasten, AS. fercian to
bring, assist; perh. akin to faran to go, E. fare.] To beat; to
strike; to chastise. [Obs.]
I'll fer him, and firk him, and ferret him. Shak.
Firk
Firk, v. i. To fly out; to turn out; to go off. [Obs.]
A wench is a rare bait, with which a man
No sooner's taken but he straight firks mad.B.Jonson.
Firk
Firk, n. A freak; trick; quirk. [Obs.] Ford.
Firkin
Fir"kin (?), n. [From AS. fe\'a2wer four (or an allied word, perh.
Dutch or Danish) + -kin. See Four.]
1. A varying measure of capacity, usually being the fourth part of
a barrel; specifically, a measure equal to nine imperial gallons.
[Eng.]
2. A small wooden vessel or cask of indeterminate size, -- used for
butter, lard, etc. [U.S.]
Firlot
Fir"lot (?), n. [Scot., the fourth part of a boll of grain, from a
word equiv. to E. four + lot part, portion. See Firkin.] A dry
measure formerly used in Scotland; the fourth part of a boll of
grain or meal. The Linlithgow wheat firlot was to the imperial
bushel as 998 to 1000; the barley firlot as 1456 to 1000. Brande &
C.
Firm
Firm (?), a. [Compar. Firmer (?); superl. Firmest.] [OE. ferme, F.
ferme, fr.L. firmus; cf. Skr. dharman support, law, order, dh to
hold fast, carry. Cf. Farm, Throne.]
1. Fixed; hence, closely compressed; compact; substantial; hard;
solid; -- applied to the matter of bodies; as, firm flesh; firm
muscles, firm wood.
2. Not easily excited or disturbed; unchanging in purpose; fixed;
steady; constant; stable; unshaken; not easily changed in feelings
or will; strong; as, a firm believer; a firm friend; a firm
adherent.
Under spread ensigns, moving nigh, in slow But firm battalion.
Milton.
By one man's firm obediency fully tried. Milton.
3. Solid; -- opposed to fluid; as, firm land.
4. Indicating firmness; as, a firm tread; a firm countenance. Syn.
-- Compact; dense; hard; solid; stanch; robust; strong; sturdly;
fixed; steady; resolute; constant.
Firm
Firm, n. [It. firma the (firm, sure, or confirming) signature or
subscription, or Pg. firma signature, firm, cf. Sp. firma
signature; all fr. L. firmus, adj., firm. See Firm, a] The name,
title, or style, under which a company transacts business; a
partnership of two or more persons; a commercial house; as, the
firm of Hope & Co.
Firm
Firm, v. t. [OE. fermen to make firm, F. fermer, fr. L. firmare to
make firm. See Firm, a.]
1. To fix; to settle; to confirm; to establish. [Obs.]
And Jove has firmed it with an awful nod. Dryden.
2. To fix or direct with firmness. [Obs.]
He on his card and compass firms his eye. Spenser.
Firmament
Fir"ma*ment (?), n. [L. firmamentum, fr. firmare to make firm: cf.
F. firmament. See Firm, v. & a.]
1. Fixed foundation; established basis. [Obs.]
Custom is the . . . firmament of the law. Jer. Taylor.
2. The region of the air; the sky or heavens.
And God said, Let there be a firmament in the miGen. i. 6.
And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament. Gen. i. 14.
NOTE: &hand; In Sc ripture, th e wo rd de notes an expanse, a wide
extent; the great arch or expanse over out heads, in which are
placed the atmosphere and the clouds, and in which the stars appear
to be placed, and are really seen.
3. (Old Astron.) The orb of the fixed stars; the most rmote of the
celestial spheres.
Firmamental
Fir`ma*men"tal (?), a. Pertaining to the firmament; celestial;
being of the upper regions. Dryden.
Firman
Fir"man (? OR ?), n.; pl. Firmans (#) or (#). [Pers. ferm\'ben.] In
Turkey and some other Oriental countries, a decree or mandate
issued by the sovereign; a royal order or grant; -- generally given
for special objects, as to a traveler to insure him protection and
assistance. [Written also firmaun.]
Firmer-chisel
Firm"er-chis"el (?), n. A chisel, thin in proportion to its width.
It has a tang to enter the handle instead of a socket for receiving
it. Knight.
Firmitude
Firm"i*tude (?), n. [L. firmitudo. See Firm.] Strength; stability.
[Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Firmity
Firm"i*ty (?), n. [L. firmitas.] Strength; firmness; stability.
[Obs.] Chillingworth.
Firmless
Firm"less, a.
1. Detached from substance. [Obs.]
Does passion still the firmless mind control? Pope.
2. Infirm; unstable. "Firmless sands." Sylvester.
Firmly
Firm"ly, adv. In a firm manner.
Firmness
Firm"ness, n. The state or quality of being firm. Syn. -- Firmness,
Constancy. Firmness belongs to the will, and constancy to the
affections and principles; the former prevents us from yielding,
and the latter from fluctuating. Without firmness a man has no
character; "without constancy," says Addison, "there is neither
love, friendship, nor virtue in the world."
Firms
Firms (?), n. pl. [From Firm, a.] (Arch.) The principal rafters of
a roof, especially a pair of rafters taken together. [Obs.]
Firring
Fir"ring (?), n. (Arch.) See Furring.
Firry
Fir"ry (?), a. Made of fir; abounding in firs.
In firry woodlands making moan. Tennyson.
First
First (?), a. [OE. first, furst, AS. fyrst; akin to Icel. fyrstr,
Sw. & Dan. f\'94rste, OHG. furist, G. f\'81rst prince; a
superlatiye form of E. for, fore. See For, Fore, and cf. Formeer,
Foremost.]
1. Preceding all others of a series or kind; the ordinal of one;
earliest; as, the first day of a month; the first year of a reign.
2. Foremost; in front of, or in advance of, all others.
3. Most eminent or exalted; most excellent; chief; highest; as,
Demosthenes was the first orator of Greece.
At first blush
. See under Blush. -- At first hand, from the first or original
source; without the intervention of any agent.
It is the intention of the person to reveal it at first hand, by
way of mouth, to yourself. Dickens.
-- First coat (Plastering), the solid foundation of coarse stuff, on
which the rest is placed; it is thick, and crossed with lines, so as
to give a bond for the next coat. -- First day, Sunday; -- so called
by the Friends. -- First floor. (a) The ground floor. [U.S.] (b) The
floor next above the ground floor. [Eng.] -- First fruit OR fruits.
(a) The fruits of the season earliest gathered. (b) (Feudal Law) One
year's profits of lands belonging to the king on the death of a tenant
who held directly from him. (c) (Eng. Eccl. Law) The first year's
whole profits of a benefice or spiritual living. (d) The earliest
effects or results.
See, Father, what first fruits on earth are sprung From thy
implanted grace in man! Milton.
-- First mate, an officer in a merchant vessel next in rank to the
captain. -- First name, same as Christian name. See under Name, n. --
First officer (Naut.), in the merchant service, same as First mate
(above). -- First sergeant (Mil.), the ranking non-commissioned
officer in a company; the orderly sergeant. Farrow. -- First watch
(Naut.), the watch from eight to twelve at midnight; also, the men on
duty during that time. -- First water, the highest quality or purest
luster; -- said of gems, especially of diamond and pearls. Syn. --
Primary; primordial; primitive; primeval; pristine; highest; chief;
principal; foremost.
First
First (?), adv. Before any other person or thing in time, space, rank,
etc.; -- much used in composition with adjectives and participles.
Adam was first formed, then Eve. 1 Tim. ii. 13.
At first, At the first, at the beginning or origin. -- First or last,
at one time or another; at the beginning or end.
And all are fools and lovers first or last. Dryden.
First
First, n. (Mus.) The upper part of a duet, trio, etc., either vocal or
instrumental; -- so called because it generally expresses the air, and
has a pre\'89minence in the combined effect.
Firstborn
First"born` (?), a. First brought forth; first in the order of
nativity; eldest; hence, most excellent; most distinguished or
exalted.
First-class
First"-class` (?), a. Of the best class; of the highest rank; in the
first division; of the best quality; first-rate; as, a first-class
telescope. First-class car OR First-class railway carriage, any
passenger car of the highest regular class, and intended for
passengers who pay the highest regular rate; -- distinguished from a
second-class car.
First-hand
First"-hand` (?), a. Obtained directly from the first or original
source; hence, without the intervention of an agent.
One sphere there is . . . where the apprehension of him is
first-hand and direct; and that is the sphere of our own mind. J.
Martineau.
Firstling
First"ling (?), n. [First + -ling.]
1. The first produce or offspring; -- said of animals, especially
domestic animals; as, the firstlings of his flock. Milton.
2. The thing first thought or done.
The very firstlings of my heart shall be The firstlings of my hand.
Shak.
Firstling
First"ling, a. Firstborn.
All the firstling males. Deut. xv. 19.
Firstly
First"ly, adv. In the first place; before anything else; -- sometimes
improperly used for first.
First-rate
First"-rate` (?), a. Of the highest excellence; pre\'89minent in
quality, size, or estimation.
Our only first-rate body of contemporary poetry is the German. M.
Arnold.
Hermocrates . . . a man of first-rate ability. Jowett (Thucyd).
First-rate
First"-rate`, n. (Naut.) A war vessel of the highest grade or the most
powerful class.
Firth
Firth (?), n. [Scot. See Frith.] (geog.) An arm of the sea; a frith.
Fir tree
Fir" tree` (?). See Fir.
Fisc
Fisc (?), n. [F. fisc, fr. L. fiscus basket, money basket, treasury;
prob. akin to fascis bundle. See Fasces.] A public or state treasury.
Burke.
Fiscal
Fis"cal (?), a. [F. fiscal, L. fiscalis, fr. fiscus. See Fisc.]
Pertaining to the public treasury or revenue.
The fiscal arreangements of government. A\'3eHamilton.
Fiscal
Fis"cal, n.
1. The income of a prince or a state; revenue; exhequer. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. A treasurer. H. Swinburne.
3. A public officer in Scotland who prosecutes in petty criminal
cases; -- called also procurator fiscal.
4. The solicitor in Spain and Portugal; the attorney-general.
Fisetic
Fi*set"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to fustet or fisetin.
Fisetin
Fis"e*tin (?), n. [G. fisettholz a species of fustic.] (Chem.) A
yellow crystalline substance extracted from fustet, and regarded as
its essential coloring principle; -- called also fisetic acid.
Fish
Fish (?), n. [F. fiche peg, mark, fr. fisher to fix.] A counter, used
in various games.
Fish
Fish, n.; pl. Fishes (#), or collectively, Fish. [OE. fisch, fisc,
fis, AS. fisc; akin to D. visch, OS. & OHG. fisk, G. fisch, Icel.
fiskr, Sw. & Dan. fisk, Goth. fisks, L. piscis, Ir. iasg. Cf.
Piscatorial. In some cases, such as fish joint, fish plate, this word
has prob. been confused with fish, fr. F. fichea peg.]
1. A name loosely applied in popular usage to many animals of diverse
characteristics, living in the water.
2. (Zo\'94l.) An oviparous, vertebrate animal usually having fins and
a covering scales or plates. It breathes by means of gills, and lives
almost entirely in the water. See Pisces.
NOTE: &hand; Th e tr ue fishes include the Teleostei (bony fishes),
Ganoidei, Dipnoi, and Elasmobranchii or Selachians (sharks and
skates). Formerly the leptocardia and Marsipobranciata were also
included, but these are now generally regarded as two distinct
classes, below the fishes.
3. pl. The twelfth sign of the zodiac; Pisces.
4. The flesh of fish, used as food.
5. (Naut.) (a) A purchase used to fish the anchor. (b) A piece of
timber, somewhat in the form of a fish, used to strengthen a mast or
yard.
NOTE: &hand; Fi sh is us ed ad jectively or as part of a compound
word; as, fish line, fish pole, fish spear, fish-bellied.
Age of Fishes. See under Age, n., 8. -- Fish ball, fish (usually
salted codfish) shared fine, mixed with mashed potato, and made into
the form of a small, round cake. [U.S.] -- Fish bar. Same as Fish
plate (below). -- Fish beam (Mech.), a beam one of whose sides
(commonly the under one) swells out like the belly of a fish. Francis.
-- Fish crow (Zo\'94l.), a species of crow (Corvus ossifragus), found
on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It feeds largely on fish.
-- Fish culture, the artifical breeding and rearing of fish;
pisciculture. -- Fish davit. See Davit. -- Fish day, a day on which
fish is eaten; a fast day. -- Fish duck (Zo\'94l.), any species of
merganser. -- Fish fall, the tackle depending from the fish davit,
used in hauling up the anchor to the gunwale of a ship. -- Fish garth,
a dam or weir in a river for keeping fish or taking them easily. --
Fish glue. See Isinglass. -- Fish joint, a joint formed by a plate or
pair of plates fastened upon two meeting beams, plates, etc., at their
junction; -- used largely in connecting the rails of railroads. --
Fish kettle, a long kettle for boiling fish whole. -- Fish ladder, a
dam with a series of steps which fish can leap in order to ascend
falls in a river. -- Fish line, OR Fishing line, a line made of
twisted hair, silk, etc., used in angling. -- Fish louse (Zo\'94l.),
any crustacean parasitic on fishes, esp. the parasitic Copepoda,
belonging to Caligus, Argulus, and other related genera. See
Branchiura. -- Fish maw (Zo\'94l.), the stomach of a fish; also, the
air bladder, or sound. -- Fish meal, fish desiccated and ground fine,
for use in soups, etc. -- Fish oil, oil obtained from the bodies of
fish and marine animals, as whales, seals, sharks, from cods' livers,
etc. -- Fish owl (Zo\'94l.), a fish-eating owl of the Old World genera
Scotopelia and Ketupa, esp. a large East Indian species (K.
Ceylonensis). -- Fish plate, one of the plates of a fish joint. --
Fish pot, a wicker basket, sunk, with a float attached, for catching
crabs, lobsters, etc. -- Fish pound, a net attached to stakes, for
entrapping and catching fish; a weir. [Local, U.S.] Bartlett. -- Fish
slice, a broad knife for dividing fish at table; a fish trowel. --
Fish slide, an inclined box set in a stream at a small fall, or
ripple, to catch fish descending the current. Knight. -- Fish sound,
the air bladder of certain fishes, esp. those that are dried and used
as food, or in the arts, as for the preparation of isinglass. -- Fish
story, a story which taxes credulity; an extravagant or incredible
narration. [Colloq. U.S.] Bartlett. -- Fish strainer. (a) A metal
colander, with handles, for taking fish from a boiler. (b) A
perforated earthenware slab at the bottom of a dish, to drain the
water from a boiled fish. -- Fish trowel, a fish slice. -- Fish weir
OR wear, a weir set in a stream, for catching fish. -- Neither fish
nor flesh (Fig.), neither one thing nor the other.
Fish
Fish (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fished (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fishing.]
1. To attempt to catch fish; to be employed in taking fish, by any
means, as by angling or drawing a net.
2. To seek to obtain by artifice, or indirectly to seek to draw forth;
as, to fish for compliments.
Any other fishing question. Sir W. Scott.
Fish
Fish, v. t. [OE. fischen, fisken, fissen, AS. fiscian; akin to G.
fischen, OHG. fisc, Goth. fisk. See Fish the animal.]
1. To catch; to draw out or up; as, to fish up an anchor.
2. To search by raking or sweeping. Swift.
3. To try with a fishing rod; to catch fish in; as, to fish a stream.
Thackeray.
4. To strengthen (a beam, mast, etc.), or unite end to end (two
timbers, railroad rails, etc.) by bolting a plank, timber, or plate to
the beam, mast, or timbers, lengthwise on one or both sides. See Fish
joint, under Fish, n.
To fish the anchor. (Naut.) See under Anchor.
Fish-bellied
Fish"-bel`lied (?), a. Bellying or swelling out on the under side; as,
a fish-bellied rail. Knight.
Fish-block
Fish"-block` (?), n. See Fish-tackle.
Fisher
Fish"er (?), n. [AS. fiscere.]
1. One who fishes.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela
Canadensis); the pekan; the "black cat."
Fisherman
Fish"er*man (?), n.; pl. Fishermen (.
1. One whose occupation is to catch fish.
2. (Naut.) A ship or vessel employed in the business of taking fish,
as in the cod fishery.
Fishery
Fish"er*y (?), n.; pl. Fisheries (.
1. The business or practice of catching fish; fishing. Addison.
2. A place for catching fish.
3. (Law) The right to take fish at a certain place, or in particular
waters. Abbott.
Fishful
Fish"ful (?), a. Abounding with fish. [R.] "My fishful pond." R.
Carew.
Fishgig
Fish"gig` (?), n. A spear with barbed prongs used for harpooning fish.
Knight.
Fishhawk
Fish"hawk` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The osprey (Pandion halia\'89tus), found
both in Europe and America; -- so called because it plunges into the
water and seizes fishes in its talons. Called also fishing eagle, and
bald buzzard.
Fishhook
Fish"hook` (?), n.
1. A hook for catching fish.
2. (Naut.) A hook with a pendant, to the end of which the fish-tackle
is hooked. Dana.
Fishify
Fish"i*fy (?), v. t. To change to fish. [R.] Shak.
Fishiness
Fish"i*ness, n. The state or quality of being fishy or fishlike.
Pennant.
Fishing
Fish"ing, n.
1. The act, practice, or art of one who fishes.
2. A fishery. Spenser.
Fishing
Fish"ing, a. [From Fishing, n.] Pertaining to fishing; used in
fishery; engaged in fishing; as, fishing boat; fishing tackle; fishing
village. Fishing fly, an artificial fly for fishing. -- Fishing line,
a line used in catching fish. -- Fishing net, a net of various kinds
for catching fish; including the bag net, casting net, drag net,
landing net, seine, shrimping net, trawl, etc. -- Fishing rod, a long
slender rod, to which is attached the line for angling. -- Fishing
smack, a sloop or other small vessel used in sea fishing. -- Fishing
tackle, apparatus used in fishing, as hook, line, rod, etc. -- Fishing
tube (Micros.), a glass tube for selecting a microscopic object in a
fluid.<-- fishing expedition (metaphorical usage). an investigation
searching for evidence of wrongdoing, without specifying in advance
the wrongdoing to be proven, and often with no evidence of such
wrongdoing available at the outset of the investigation -->
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Page 564
Fishlike
Fish"like (?), a. Like fish; suggestive of fish; having some of the
qualities of fish.
A very ancient and fishlike smell. Shak.
Fishmonger
Fish"mon`ger (?), n. A dealer in fish.
Fishskin
Fish"skin` (?), n.
1. The skin of a fish (dog fish, shark, etc.)
2. (Med.) See Ichthyosis.
Fish-tackle
Fish"-tac`kle (?), n. A tackle or purchase used to raise the flukes of
the anchor up to the gunwale. The block used is called the fish-block.
Fish-tail
Fish"-tail` (?), a. Like the of a fish; acting, or producing
something, like the tail of a fish. Fish-tail burner, a gas burner
that gives a spreading flame shaped somewhat like the tail of a fish.
-- Fish-tail propeller (Steamship), a propeller with a single blade
that oscillates like the tail of a fish when swimming.
Fishwife
Fish"wife` (?), n. A fishwoman.
Fishwoman
Fish"wom`an (?), n.; pl. Fishwomen (. A woman who retails fish.
Fishy
Fish"y (?), a.
1. Consisting of fish; fishlike; having the qualities or taste of
fish; abounding in fish. Pope.
2. Extravagant, like some stories about catching fish; improbable;
also, rank or foul. [Colloq.] <--3. creating suspicion that the
surface appearances are misleading -->
Fisk
Fisk (?), v. i. [Cf. Sw. fjeska to bustle about.] To run about; to
frisk; to whisk. [Obs.]
He fisks abroad, and stirreth up erroneous opinions. Latimer.
Fissigemmation
Fis`si*gem*ma"tion (?), n. [L. fissus (p.p. of findere to split) + E.
gemmation.] (Biol.) A process of reproduction intermediate between
fission and gemmation.
Fissile
Fis"sile (?), a. [L. fissilis, fr. fissus, p.p. of findere to split.
See Fissure.] Capable of being split, cleft, or divided in the
direction of the grain, like wood, or along natural planes of
cleavage, like crystals.
This crystal is a pellucid, fissile stone. Sir I. Newton.
Fissilingual
Fis`si*lin"gual (?), a. [L. fissus (p.p. of findere to split) + E.
lingual.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the tongue forked.
Fissilinguia
Fis`si*lin"gui*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. fissus (p.p. o f findere to
split) + lingua tongue.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of Lacertilia having the
tongue forked, including the common lizards. [Written also
Fissilingues.]
Fissility
Fis*sil"i*ty (?), n. Quality of being fissile.
Fission
Fis"sion (?), n. [L. fissio. See Fissure.]
1. A cleaving, splitting, or breaking up into parts.
2. (Biol.) A method of asexual reproduction among the lowest
(unicellular) organisms by means of a process of self-division,
consisting of gradual division or cleavage of the into two parts, each
of which then becomes a separate and independent organisms; as when a
cell in an animal or plant, or its germ, undergoes a spontaneous
division, and the parts again subdivide. See Segmentation, and Cell
division, under Division.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A process by which certain coral polyps, echinoderms,
annelids, etc., spontaneously subdivide, each individual thus forming
two or more new ones. See Strobilation.
Fissipalmate
Fis`si*pal"mate (?), a. [L. fissus (p.p. of findere to split) + palma
palm.] (Zo\'94l.) Semipalmate and loboped, as a grebe's foot. See
Illust. under Aves.
Fissipara
Fis*sip"a*ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Fissiparous.] (Zo\'94l.) Animals
which reproduce by fission.
Fissiparism
Fis*sip"a*rism (?), n. [See Fissiparous.] (Biol.) Reproduction by
spontaneous fission.
Fissiparity
Fis`si*par"i*ty (?), n. (Biol.) Quality of being fissiparous;
fissiparism.
Fissiparous
Fis*sip"a*rous (?), a. [L. fissus (p.p. of findere to split) + parere
to bring forth: cf. F. fissipare.] (Biol.) Reproducing by spontaneous
fission. See Fission. -- Fis*sip"a*rous*ly, adv.
Fissipation
Fis`si*pa"tion (?), n. (Biol.) Reproduction by fission; fissiparism.
Fissiped, Fissipedal
Fis"si*ped (?), Fis*sip"e*dal (?), a. [Cf. F. fissip\'8ade.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having the toes separated to the base. [See Aves.]
Fissiped
Fis"si*ped, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Fissipedia.
Fissipedia
Fis`si*pe"di*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. fissus (p.p. of findere to
cleave) + pes, pedis, a foot.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of the Carnivora,
including the dogs, cats, and bears, in which the feet are not webbed;
-- opposed to Pinnipedia.
Fissirostral
Fis`si*ros"tral (?), a. [Cf. F. fissirostre.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the
bill cleft beyond the horny part, as in the case of swallows and
goatsuckers.
Fissirostres
Fis`si*ros"tres (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. fissus (p.p. of findere to
cleave) + rostrum beak.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of birds having the bill
deeply cleft.
Fissural
Fis"sur*al (?), a. Pertaining to a fissure or fissures; as, the
fissural pattern of a brain.
Fissuration
Fis`su*ra"tion (?), n. (Anat.) The act of dividing or opening; the
state of being fissured.
Fissure
Fis"sure (?), n. [L. fissura, fr. findere, fissum, to cleave, split;
akin to E. bite: cf. F. fissure.] A narrow opening, made by the
parting of any substance; a cleft; as, the fissure of a rock. Cerebral
fissures (Anat.), the furrows or clefts by which the surface of the
cerebrum is divided; esp., the furrows first formed by the infolding
of the whole wall of the cerebrum. -- Fissure needle (Surg.), a spiral
needle for catching together the gaping lips of wounds. Knight. --
Fissure of rolando (Anat.), the furrow separating the frontal from the
parietal lobe in the cerebrum. -- Fissure of Sylvius (Anat.), a deep
cerebral fissure separating the frontal from the temporal lobe. See
Illust. under Brain. -- Fissure vein (Mining), a crack in the earth's
surface filled with mineral matter. Raymond.
Fissure
Fis"sure (?), v. t. To cleave; to divide; to crack or fracture.
Fissurella
Fis`su*rel"la (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. fissura a fissure.] (Zo\'94l.)
A genus of marine gastropod mollusks, having a conical or limpetlike
shell, with an opening at the apex; -- called also keyhole limpet.
Fist
Fist (?), n. [OE. fist, fust, AS. f; akin to D. vuist, OHG. f, G.
faust, and prob. to L. pugnus, Gr. Pugnacious, Pigmy.]
1. The hand with the fingers doubled into the palm; the closed hand,
especially as clinched tightly for the purpose of striking a blow.
Who grasp the earth and heaven with my fist. Herbert.
2. The talons of a bird of prey. [Obs.]
More light than culver in the falcon's fist. Spenser.
3. (print.) the index mark [&hand;], used to direct special attention
to the passage which follows.
Hand over fist (Naut.), rapidly; hand over hand.
Fist
Fist, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fisting.]
1. To strike with the fist. Dryden.
2. To gripe with the fist. [Obs.] Shak.
Fistic
Fist"ic (?), a. [From Fist.] Pertaining to boxing, or to encounters
with the fists; puglistic; as, fistic exploits; fistic heroes.
[Colloq.]
Fisticuff
Fist"i*cuff (?), n. A cuff or blow with the fist or hand; (pl.) a
fight with the fists; boxing. Swift.
Fistinut
Fis"ti*nut (?), n. [Cf. Fr. fistinq, fistuq. See Pistachio.] A
pistachio nut. [Obs.] Johnson.
Fistuca
Fis*tu"ca (?), n. [L.] An instrument used by the ancients in driving
piles.
Fistula
Fis"tu*la (?; 135), n.; pl. Fistul\'91 (#). [L.]
1. A reed; a pipe.
2. A pipe for convejing water. [Obs.] Knight.
3. (Med.) A permanent abnormal opening into the soft parts with a
constant discharge; a deep, narrow, chronic abscess; an abnormal
opening between an internal cavity and another cavity or the surface;
as, a salivary fistula; an anal fistula; a recto-vaginal fistula.
Incomplete fistula (Med.), a fistula open at one end only.
Fistular
Fis"tu*lar (?), a. [L. fistularis: cf. F. fistulaire.] Hollow and
cylindrical, like a pipe or reed. Johnson.
Fistularia
Fis`tu*la"ri*a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. fistula pipe.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus
of fishes, having the head prolonged into a tube, with the mouth at
the extremity.
Fistularioid
Fis`tu*la"ri*oid (?), a. [Fistularia + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or
pertaining to the genus Fistularia.
Fistulate
Fis"tu*late (?; 135), v. t. & i. [Cf. L. fistulatus furnished with
pipes.] To make hollow or become hollow like a fistula, or pipe.
[Obs.] "A fistulated ulcer." Fuller.
Fistule
Fis"tule (?; 135), n. A fistula.
Fistuliform
Fis"tu*li*form (? OR ?), a. [Fistula + -form.] Of a fistular form;
tubular; pipe-shaped.
Stalactite often occurs fistuliform. W. Philips.
Fistulose
Fis"tu*lose` (?; 135), a. [L. fistulosus.] Formed like a fistula;
hollow; reedlike. Craig.
Fistulous
Fis"tu*lous (?), a. [Cf. F. fistuleux.]
1. Having the form or nature of a fistula; as, a fistulous ulcer.
2. Hollow, like a pipe or reed; fistulose. Lindley.
Fit
Fit (?), imp. & p. p. of Fight. [Obs. or Colloq.]
Fit
Fit, n. [AS. fitt a song.] In Old English, a song; a strain; a canto
or portion of a ballad; a passus. [Written also fitte, fytte, etc.]
To play some pleasant fit. Spenser.
Fit
Fit, a. [Compar. Fitter (?); superl. Fittest (?).] [OE. fit, fyt; cf.
E. feat neat, elegant, well made, or icel. fitja to web, knit, OD.
vitten to suit, square, Goth. f to adorn.
1. Adapted to an end, object, or design; suitable by nature or by art;
suited by character, qualitties, circumstances, education, etc.;
qualified; competent; worthy.
That which ordinary men are fit for, I am qualified in. Shak.
Fit audience find, though few. Milton.
2. Prepared; ready. [Obs.]
So fit to shoot, she singled forth among her foes who first her
quarry's strength should feel. Fairfax.
3. Conformed to a standart of duty, properiety, or taste; convenient;
meet; becoming; proper.
Is it fit to say a king, Thou art wicked? Job xxxiv. 18.
Syn. -- Suitable; proper; appropriate; meet; becoming; expedient;
congruous; correspondent; apposite; apt; adapted; prepared; qualified;
competent; adequate.
Fit
Fit (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fitted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fitting (?).]
1. To make fit or suitable; to adapt to the purpose intended; to
qualify; to put into a condition of readiness or preparation.
The time is fitted for the duty. Burke.
The very situation for which he was peculiarly fitted by nature.
Macaulay.
2. To bring to a required form and size; to shape aright; to adapt to
a model; to adjust; -- said especially of the work of a carpenter,
machinist, tailor, etc.
The carpenter . . . marketh it out with a line; he fitteth it with
planes. Is. xliv. 13.
3. To supply with something that is suitable or fit, or that is shaped
and adjusted to the use required.
No milliner can so fit his customers with gloves. Shak.
4. To be suitable to; to answer the requirements of; to be correctly
shaped and adjusted to; as, if the coat fits you, put it on.
That's a bountiful answer that fits all questions. Shak.
That time best fits the work. Shak.
To fit out, to supply with necessaries or means; to furnish; to equip;
as, to fit out a privateer. -- To fit up, to firnish with things
suitable; to make proper for the reception or use of any person; to
prepare; as, to fit up a room for a guest.
Fit
Fit (?), v. i.
1. To be proper or becoming.
Nor fits it to prolong the feast. Pope.
2. To be adjusted to a particular shape or size; to suit; to be
adapted; as, his coat fits very well.
Fit
Fit, n.
1. The quality of being fit; adjustment; adaptedness; as of dress to
the person of the wearer.
2. (Mach.) (a) The coincidence of parts that come in contact. (b) The
part of an object upon which anything fits tightly.
Fit rod (Shipbuilding), a gauge rod used to try the depth of a bolt
hole in order to determine the length of the bolt required. Knight.
Fit
Fit, n. [AS. fit strife, fight; of uncertain origin. &root; 77.]
1. A stroke or blow. [Obs. or R.]
Curse on that cross, quoth then the Sarazin, That keeps thy body
from the bitter fit. Spenser.
2. A sudden and violent attack of a disorder; a stroke of disease, as
of epilepsy or apoplexy, which produces convulsions or
unconsciousness; a convulsion; a paroxysm; hence, a period of
exacerbation of a disease; in general, an attack of disease; as, a fit
of sickness.
And when the fit was on him, I did mark How he did shake. Shak.
3. A mood of any kind which masters or possesses one for a time; a
temporary, absorbing affection; a paroxysm; as, a fit melancholy, of
passion, or of laughter.
All fits of pleasure we balanced by an equal degree of pain. Swift.
The English, however, were on this subject prone to fits of
jealously. Macaulay.
4. A passing humor; a caprice; a sudden and unusual effort, activity,
or motion, followed by relaxation or insction; an impulse and
irregular action.
The fits of the season. Shak.
5. A darting point; a sudden emission. [R.]
A tongue of light, a fit of flame. Coleridge.
By fits, By fits and starts, by intervals of action and re
Fitch
Fitch (?; 224), n.; pl. Fitches (#). [See Vetch.]
1. (Bot.) A vetch. [Obs.]
2. pl. (Bot.) A word found in the Authorized Version of the Bible,
representing different Hebrew originals. In Isaiah xxviii. 25, 27, it
means the black aromatic seeds of Nigella sativa, still used as a
flavoring in the East. In Ezekiel iv. 9, the Revised Version now reads
spelt.
Fitch
Fitch, n. [Contr. of fitched.] (Zo\'94l.) The European polecat; also,
its fur.
Fitch\'82
Fitch"\'82 (?), a. [Cf. F. fich\'82, lit. p.p. of ficher to fasten,
OF. fichier to pierce. Cf. 1st Fish.] (Her.) Sharpened to a point;
pointed. Cross fitch\'82, a cross having the lower arm pointed.
Fitched
Fitched (?), a. (her.) Fitch\'82. [Also fiched.]
Fitchet, Fitchew
Fitch"et (?), Fitch"ew (?), n. [Cf. OF. fisseau, fissel, OD. fisse,
visse, vitsche, D. vies nasty, loathsome, E. fizz.] (Zo\'94l.) The
European polecat (Putorius f\'d2tidus). See Polecat.
Fitchy
Fitch"y (?), a. Having fitches or vetches.
Fitchy
Fitch"y, a. [See Fitch\'82.] (Her.) Fitch\'82.
Fitful
Fit"ful (?), a. [From 7th Fit.] Full of fits; irregularly variable;
impulsive and unstable.
After life's fitful fever, he sleeps well. Shak.
-- Fit"ful*ly, adv. -- Fit"ful*ness, n.
The victorius trumpet peal Dies fitfully away. Macaulay.
Fithel, Fithul
Fith"el (?), Fith"ul (?), n. [OE. See Fiddle.] A fiddle [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Fitly
Fit"ly (?), adv. In a fit manner; suitably; properly; conveniently;
as, a maxim fitly applied.
Fitment
Fit"ment (?), n. The act of fitting; that which is proper or becoming;
equipment. [Obs.] Shak.
Fitness
Fit"ness, n. The state or quality of being fit; as, the fitness of
measures or laws; a person's fitness for office.
Fitt
Fitt (?), n. See 2d Fit.
Fittable
Fit"ta*ble (?), a. Suitable; fit. [Obs.] Sherwood.
Fittedness
Fit"ted*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being fitted; adaptation.
[Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Fitter
Fit"ter (?), n.
1. One who fits or makes to fit; esp.: (a) One who tries on, and
adjusts, articles of dress. (b) One who fits or adjusts the different
parts of machinery to each other.
2. A coal broker who conducts the sales between the owner of a coal
pit and the shipper. [Eng.] Simmonds.
Fitter
Fit"ter, n. A little piece; a flitter; a flinder. [Obs.]
Where's the Frenchman? Alas, he's all fitters. Beau. & Fl.
Fitting
Fit"ting (?), n. Anything used in fitting up; especially (pl.),
necessary fixtures or apparatus; as, the fittings of a church or
study; gas fittings.
Fitting
Fit"ting, a. Fit; appropriate; suitable; proper. -- Fit"ting*ly, adv.
-- Fit"ting*ness, n. Jer. Taylor.
Fitweed
Fit"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Eryngium f\'d2tidum) supposed to be
a remedy for fits.
Fitz
Fitz (?), n. [OF. fils, filz, fiz, son, F. fils, L. filius. See
Filial.] A son; -- used in compound names, to indicate paternity, esp.
of the illegitimate sons of kings and princes of the blood; as,
Fitzroy, the son of the king; Fitzclarence, the son of the duke of
Clarence.
Five
Five (?), a. [OE. fif, five, AS. f\'c6f, f\'c6fe; akin to D. vijf, OS.
f\'c6f, OHG. finf, funf, G. f\'81nf, Icel. fimm, Sw. & Sw. Dan. fem,
Goth. fimf, Lith. penki, W. pump, OIr. c\'a2ic, L. quinque, Gr. pa.
Fifth, Cinque, Pentagon, Punch the drink, Quinary.] Four and one
added; one more than four.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 565
Five nations (Ethnol.), a confederacy of the Huron-Iroquois Indians,
consisting of five tribes: Mohawks, Onondagas, Cayugas, Oneidas, and
Senecas. They inhabited the region which is now the State of new York.
Five
Five (?), n.
1. The number next greater than four, and less than six; five units or
objects.
Five of them were wise, and five were foolish. Matt. xxv. 2.
2. A symbol representing this number, as 5, or V.
Five-finger
Five"-fin`ger (?), n.
1. (Bot.) See Cinquefoil.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A starfish with five rays, esp. Asterias rubens.
Fivefold
Five"fold` (?), a. & adv. In fives; consisting of five in one; five
repeated; quintuple.
Five-leaf
Five"-leaf` (?), n. Cinquefoil; five-finger.
Five-leafed, Five-leaved
Five"-leafed` (?), Five"-leaved` (?), a. (Bot.) Having five leaflets,
as the Virginia creeper.
Fiveling
Five"ling (?), n. (Min.) A compound or twin crystal consisting of five
individuals.
Fives
Fives (?), n. pl. A kind of play with a ball against a wall,
resembling tennis; -- so named because three fives, or fifteen, are
counted to the game. Smart. Fives court, a place for playing fives.
Fives
Fives, n. [See Vives.] A disease of the glands under the ear in
horses; the vives. Shak.
Five-twenties
Five`-twen"ties (?), n. pl. Five-twenty bonds of the United States
(bearing six per cent interest), issued in 1862, '64, and '65,
redeemable after five and payable in twenty years.
Fix
Fix (?), a. [OE., fr. L. fixus, p.p. of figere to fix; cf. F. fixe.]
Fixed; solidified. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fix
Fix, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fixed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fixing.] [Cf. F.
fixer.]
1. To make firm, stable, or fast; to set or place permanently; to
fasten immovably; to establish; to implant; to secure; to make
efinite.
An ass's nole I fixed on his head. Shak.
O, fix thy chair of grace, that all my powers May also fix their
reverence. Herbert.
His heart is fixed, trusting in the Lord. Ps. cxii. 7.
And fix far deeper in his head their stings. Milton.
2. To hold steadily; to direct unwaveringly; to fasten, as the eye on
an object, the attention on a speaker.
Sat fixed in thought the mighty Stagirite. Pope.
One eye on death, and one full fix'd on heaven. Young.
3. To transfix; to pierce. [Obs.] Sandys.
4. (Photog.) To render (an impression) permanent by treating with such
applications a will make it insensible to the action of light. Abney.
5. To put in prder; to arrange; to dispose of; to adjust; to set to
rights; to set or place in the manner desired or most suitable; hence,
to repair; as, to fix the clothes; to fix the furniture of a room.
[Colloq. U.S.]
6. (Iron Manuf.) To line the hearth of (a puddling furnace) with
fettling. Syn. -- To arrange; prepare; adjust; place; establis;
settle; determine.
Fix
Fix, v. i.
1. To become fixed; to settle or remain permanently; to cease from
wandering; to rest.
Your kindness banishes your fear, Resolved to fix forever here.
Waller.
2. To become firm, so as to resist volatilization; to cease to flow or
be fluid; to congeal; to become hard and malleable, as a metallic
substance. Bacon.
To fix on, to settle the opinion or resolution about; to determine
regarding; as, the contracting parties have fixed on certain leading
points.
Fix
Fix, n.
1. A position of difficulty or embarassment; predicament; dillema.
[Colloq.]
Is he not living, then? No. is he dead, then? No, nor dead either.
Poor Aroar can not live, and can not die, -- so that he is in an
almighty fix. De Quincey.
2. (Iron Manuf.) fettling. [U.S.]
Fixable
Fix"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being fixed.
Fixation
Fix*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. fixation.]
1. The act of fixing, or the state of being fixed.
An unalterable fixation of resolution. Killingbeck.
To light, created in the first day, God gave no proper place or
fixation. Sir W. Raleigh.
Marked stiffness or absolute fixation of a joint. Quain.
A fixation and confinement of thought to a few objects. Watts.
2. The act of uniting chemically with a solid substance or in a solid
form; reduction to a non-volatile condition; -- said of gaseous
elements.
3. The act or process of ceasing to be fluid and becoming firm.
Glanvill.
4. A state of resistance to evaporation or volatilization by heat; --
said of metals. Bacon.
Fixative
Fix"a*tive (?), n. That which serves to set or fix colors or drawings,
as a mordant.
Fixed
Fixed (?), a.
1. Securely placed or fastened; settled; established; firm; imovable;
unalterable.
2. (Chem.) Stable; non-volatile.
Fixed air (Old Chem.), carbonic acid or carbon dioxide; -- so called
by Dr. Black because it can be absorbed or fixed by strong bases. See
Carbonic acid, under Carbonic. -- Fixed alkali (Old Chem.), a
non-volatile base, as soda, or potash, in distinction from the
volatile alkali ammonia. -- Fixed ammunition (Mil.), a projectile and
powder inclosed together in a case ready for loading. -- Fixed battery
(Mil.), a battery which contains heavy guns and mortars intended to
remain stationary; -- distinguished from movable battery. -- Fixed
bodies, those which can not be volatilized or separated by a common
menstruum, without great difficulty, as gold, platinum, lime, etc. --
Fixed capital. See the Note under Capital, n., 4. -- Fixed fact, a
well established fact. [Colloq.] -- Fixed light, one which emits
constant beams; -- distinguished from a flashing, revolving, or
intermittent light. -- Fixed oils (Chem.), non-volatile, oily
substances, as stearine and olein, which leave a permanent greasy
stain, and which can not be distilled unchanged; -- distinguished from
volatile or essential oils. -- Fixed pivot (Mil.), the fixed point
about which any line of troops wheels. -- Fixed stars (Astron.), such
stars as always retain nearly the same apparent position and distance
with respect to each other, thus distinguished from planets and
comets.
Fixedly
Fix"ed*ly (?), adv. In a fixed, stable, or constant manner.
Fixedness
Fix"ed*ness, n.
1. The state or quality of being fixed; stability; steadfastness.
2. The quality of a body which resists evaporation or volatilization
by heat; solidity; cohesion of parts; as, the fixedness of gold.
Fixidity
Fix*id"i*ty (?), n. Fixedness. [Obs.] Boyle.
Fixing
Fix"ing (?), n.
1. The act or process of making fixed.
2. That which is fixed; a fixture.
3. pl. Arrangements; embellishments; trimmings; accompaniments.
[Colloq. U.S.]
Fixity
Fix"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. fixit\'82.]
1. Fixedness; as, fixity of tenure; also, that which is fixed.
2. Coherence of parts. Sir I. Newton.
Fixture
Fix"ture (?; 135), n. [Cf. Fixture.]
1. That which is fixed or attached to something as a permanent
appendage; as, the fixtures of a pump; the fixtures of a farm or of a
dwelling, that is, the articles which a tenant may not take away.
2. State of being fixed; fixedness.
The firm fixture of thy foot. Shak.
3. (Law) Anything of an accessory character annexed to houses and
lands, so as to constitute a part of them. This term is, however,
quite frequently used in the peculiar sense of personal chattels
annexed to lands and tenements, but removable by the person annexing
them, or his personal representatives. In this latter sense, the same
things may be fixtures under some circumstances, and not fixtures
under others. Wharton (Law Dict. ). Bouvier.
NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd is fr equently su bstituted fo r fi xure
(formerly the word in common use) in new editions of old works.
Fixure
Fix"ure (?), n. [L. fixura a fastening, fr. figere to fix. See Fix,
and cf. Fixture.] Fixed position; stable condition; firmness. [Obs.]
Shak.
Fixgig
Fix"gig` (?), n. A fishing. [Obs.] Sandys.
Fizgig
Fiz"gig`, n. [Fizz + gig whirling thing.] A firework, made of damp
powder, which makes a fizzing or hissing noise when it explodes.
Fizgig
Fiz"gig`, n. [See Gig a flirt.] A gadding, flirting girl. Gosson.
Fizz
Fizz (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fizzed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fizzing.]
[Cf. Icel. f\'c6sa to break wind, Dan. fise to foist, fizzle, OSw.
fisa, G. fisten, feisten. Cf. Foist.] To make a hissing sound, as a
burning fuse.
Fizz
Fizz, n. A hising sound; as, the fizz of a fly.
Fizzle
Fiz"zle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fizzled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fizzling
(?).] [See Fizz.]
1. To make a hissing sound.
It is the easfizzling. B. Jonson.
2. To make a ridiculous failure in an undertaking. [Colloq. or Low]
To fizzle out, to burn with a hissing noise and then go out, like wet
gunpowder; hence, to fail completely and ridicuously; to prove a
failure. [Colloq.]
Fizzle
Fiz"zle, n. A failure or abortive effort. [Colloq.]
Fjord
Fjord (?), n. See Fiord.
Flabbergast
Flab"ber*gast (?), v. t. [Cf. Flap, and Aghast.] To astonish; to
strike with wonder, esp. by extraordinary statements. [Jocular]
Beaconsfield.
Flabbergastation
Flab`ber*gas*ta"tion (?), n. The state of being flabbergasted.
[Jocular] London Punch.
Flabbily
Flab"bi*ly (?), adv. In a flabby manner.
Flabbiness
Flab"bi*ness, n. Quality or state of being flabby.
Flabby
Flab"by (?), a. [See Flap.] Yielding to the touch, and easily moved or
shaken; hanging loose by its own weight; wanting firmness; flaccid;
as, flabby flesh.
Flabel
Fla"bel (?), n. [L. flabellum a fan, dim. of flabrum a breeze, fr.
flare to blow.] A fan. [Obs.] Huloet.
Flabellate
Fla*bel"late (?), a. [L. flabellatus, p.p. of flabellare to fan, fr.
flabellum. See Flabbel.] (Bot.) Flabelliform.
Flabellation
Flab`el*la"tion (?), n. The act of keeping fractured limbs cool by the
use of a fan or some other contrivance. Dunglison.
Flabelliform
Fla*bel"li*form (?), a. [L. flabellum a fan + -fform: cf. F.
flabeliforme.] Having the form of a fan; fan-shaped; flabellate.
Flabellinerved
Fla*bel"li*nerved` (?), a. [L. flabellum a fan + E. nerve.] (Bot.)
Having many nerves diverging radiately from the base; -- said of a
leaf.
Flabellum
Fla*bel"lum (?), n. [L. See Flabel.] (Eccl.) A fan; especially, the
fan carried before the pope on state occasions, made in ostrich and
peacock feathers. Shipley.
Flabile
Flab"ile (?), a. [L. flabilis.] Liable to be blown about. Bailey.
Flaccid
Flac"cid (?), a. [L. flaccidus, fr. flaccus flabby: cf. OF. flaccide.]
Yielding to pressure for want of firmness and stiffness; soft and
weak; limber; lax; drooping; flabby; as, a flaccid muscle; flaccid
flesh.
Religious profession . . . has become flacced. I. Taylor.
-- Flac"cid*ly (#), adv. -- Flac"cid*ness, n.
Flaccidity
Flac*cid"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. flaccidit\'82.] The state of being
flaccid.
Flacker
Flack"er (?), v. i. [OE. flakeren, fr. flacken to move quickly to and
fro; cf. icel. flakka to rove about, AS. flacor fluttering, flying, G.
flackern to flare, flicker.] To flutter, as a bird. [Prov. Eng.]
Grose.
Flacket
Flack"et (?), n. [OF. flasquet little flask, dim. of flasque a flask.]
A barrel-shaped bottle; a flagon.
Flag
Flag (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flagging
(?).] [Cf. Icel. flaka to droop, hang loosely. Cf. Flacker, Flag an
ensign.]
1. To hang loose without stiffness; to bend down, as flexible bodies;
to be loose, yielding, limp.
As loose it [the sail] flagged around the mast. T. Moore.
2. To droop; to grow spiritless; to lose vigor; to languish; as, the
spirits flag; the streugth flags.
The pleasures of the town begin to flag. Swift.
Syn. -- To droop; decline; fail; languish; pine.
Flag
Flag (?), v. t.
1. To let droop; to suffer to fall, or let fall, into feebleness; as,
to flag the wings. prior.
2. To enervate; to exhaust the vigor or elasticity of.
Nothing so flags the spirits. Echard.
Flag
Flag, n. [Cf. LG. & G. flagge, Sw. flagg, Dan. flag, D. vlag. See Flag
to hang loose.]
1. That which flags or hangs down loosely.
2. A cloth usually bearing a device or devices and used to indicate
nationality, party, etc., or to give or ask information; -- commonly
attached to a staff to be waved by the wind; a standard; a banner; an
ensign; the colors; as, the national flag; a military or a naval flag.
3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A group of feathers on the lower part of the legs of
certain hawks, owls, etc. (b) A group of elongated wing feathers in
certain hawks. (c) The bushy tail of a dog, as of a setter.
Black flag. See under Black. -- Flag captain, Flag leutenant, etc.,
special officers attached to the flagship, as aids to the flag
officer. -- Flag officer, the commander of a fleet or squadron; an
admiral, or commodore. -- Flag of truse, a white flag carried or
displayed to an enemy, as an invitation to conference, or for the
purpose of making some communication not hostile. -- Flag share, the
flag officer's share of prize money. -- Flag station (Railroad), a
station at which trains do not stop unless signaled to do so, by a
flag hung out or waved. -- National flag, a flag of a particular
country, on which some national emblem or device, is emblazoned. --
Red flag, a flag of a red color, displayed as a signal of danger or
token of defiance; the emblem of anarchists. -- To dip, the flag, to
mlower it and quickly restore it to its place; -- done as a mark of
respect. -- To hang out the white flag, to ask truce or quarter, or,
in some cases, to manifest a friendly design by exhibiting a white
flag. -- To hang the flag half-mast high OR half-staff, to raise it
only half way to the mast or staff, as a token or sign of mourning. --
To strike, OR lower, the flag, to haul it down, in token of respect,
submission, or, in an engagement, of surrender. -- Yellow flag, the
quarantine flag of all nations; also carried at a vessel's fore, to
denote that an infectious disease is on board.
Flag
Flag, v. t. [From Flag an ensign.]
1. To signal to with a flag; as, to flag a train.
2. To convey, as a message, by means of flag signals; as, to flag an
order to troops or vessels at a distance.
Flag
Flag, n. [From Flag to hang loose, to bend down.] (Bot.) An aquatic
plant, with long, ensiform leaves, belonging to either of the genera
Iris and Acorus. Cooper's flag, the cat-tail (Typha latifolia), the
long leaves of which are placed between the staves of barrels to make
the latter water-tight. -- Corn flag. See under 2d Corn. -- Flag
broom, a coarse of broom, originally made of flags or rushes. -- Flag
root, the root of the sweet flag. -- Sweet flag. See Calamus, n., 2.
Flag
Flag, v. t. To furnish or deck out with flags.
Flag
Flag, n. [Icel. flaga, cf. Icel. flag spot where a turf has been cut
out, and E. flake layer, scale. Cf. Floe.]
1. A flat stone used for paving. Woodward.
2. (Geol.) Any hard, evenly stratified sandstone, which splits into
layers suitable for flagstones.
Flag
Flag, v. t. To lay with flags of flat stones.
The sides and floor are all flagged with . . . marble. Sandys.
Flagellant
Flag"el*lant (?), n. [L. flagellans, p.p. of flagellare: cf.F.
flagellant. See Flagellate.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a fanatical sect
which flourished in Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries, and
maintained that flagellation was of equal virtue with baptism and the
sacrament; -- called also disciplinant.
Flagellata
Flag`el*la"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr.L. flagellatus, p. p. See
Flagellate, v. t.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of Infusoria, having one or two
long, whiplike cilia, at the anterior end. It includes monads. See
Infusoria, and Monad.
Flagellate
Flag"el*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flagellated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Flagellating (?).] [L. flagellatus, p.p. of flagellare to scoure, fr.
flagellum whip, dim. of flagrum whip, scoure; cf. fligere to strike.
Cf. Flall.] To whip; to scourge; to flog.
Flagellate
Fla*gel"late (?), a.
1. Flagelliform.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Flagellata.
Flagellation
Flag`el*la"tion (?), n. [L. flagellatio: cf. F. flagellation.] A
beating or flogging; a whipping; a scourging. Garth.
Flagellator
Flag"el*la`tor (?), n. One who practices flagellation; one who whips
or scourges.
Flagelliform
Fla*gel"li*form (?), a. [L. flagellum a whip + -form.] Shaped like a
whiplash; long, slender, round, flexible, and (comming) tapering.
Flagellum
Fla*gel"lum (?), n.; pl. E. Flagellums (#), L. Flagella (#). [L., a
whip. See Flagellate, v. t.]
1. (Bot.) A young, flexible shoot of a plant; esp., the long trailing
branch of a vine, or a slender branch in certain mosses.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A long, whiplike cilium. See Flagellata. (b) An
appendage of the reproductive apparatus of the snail. (c) A lashlike
appendage of a crustacean, esp. the terminal ortion of the antenn\'91
and the epipodite of the maxilipeds. See Maxilliped.
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Flageolet
Flag"eo*let` (?), n. [F. flageolet, dim. of OF. flaj (as if fr. a LL.
flautio;us), of fla\'81te, flahute, F. fl. See Flute.] (Mus.) A small
wooden pipe, having six or more holes, and a mouthpiece inserted at
one end. It produces a shrill sound, softer than of the piccolo flute,
and is said to have superseded the old recorder. Flageolet tones
(Mus.), the naturel harmonics or overtones of stringed instruments.
Flagginess
Flag"gi*ness (?), n. The condition of being flaggy; laxity;
limberness. Johnson.
Flagging
Flag"ging (?), n. A pavement or sidewalk of flagstones; flagstones,
collectively.
Flagging
Flag"ging, a. Growing languid, weak, or spiritless; weakening;
delaying. -- Flag"ging*ly, adv.
Flaggy
Flag"gy (?), a.
1. Weak; flexible; limber. "Flaggy wings." Spenser.
2. Tasteless; insipid; as, a flaggy apple. [Obs.] Bacon.
Flaggy
Flag"gy, a. [From 5th Flag.] Abounding with the plant called flag; as,
a flaggy marsh.
Flagitate
Flag"i*tate (?), v. t. [L. flagitatus, p.p. of flagitare to demand.
See Flagitious.] To importune; to demand fiercely or with passion.
[Archaic] Carcyle.
Flagitation
Flag`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. flagitatio.] Importunity; urgent demand.
[Archaic] Carlyle.
Flagitious
Fla*gi"tious (?), a. [L. flagitiosus, fr. flagitium a shameful or
disgraceful act, orig., a burning desire, heat of passion, from
flagitare to demand hotly, fiercely; cf. flagrare to burn, E.
flagrant.]
1. Disgracefully or shamefully criminal; grossly wicked; scandalous;
shameful; -- said of acts, crimes, etc.
Debauched principles and flagitious practices. I. Taylor.
2. Guilty of enormous crimes; corrupt; profligate; -- said of persons.
Pope.
3. Characterized by scandalous crimes or vices; as, flagitious times.
Pope. Syn. -- Atrocious; villainous; flagrant; heinous; corrupt;
profligate; abandoned. See Atracious. -- Fla*gi"tious*ly, adv. --
Fla*gi"tious*ness, n.
A sentence so flagitiously unjust. Macaulay.
Flagman
Flag"man (?), n.; pl. Flagmen (. One who makes signals with a flag.
Flagon
Flag"on (?), n. [F. flacon, for flascon, fr. OF. flasche, from LL.
flasco. See Flask.] A vessel with a narrow mouth, used for holding and
conveying liquors. It is generally larger than a bottle, and of
leather or stoneware rather than of glass.
A trencher of mutton chops, and a flagon of ale. Macaulay.
Flagrance
Fla"grance (?), n. Flagrancy. Bp. Hall.
Flagrancy
Fla"gran*cy (?), n.; pl. Flagrancies (#). [L. flagrantia a burning.
See Flagrant.]
1. A burning; great heat; inflammation. [Obs.]
Lust causeth a flagrancy in the eyes. Bacon.
2. The condition or quality of being flagrant; atrocity; heiniousness;
enormity; excess. Steele.
Flagrant
Fla"grant (?), a. [L. flagrans, -antis, p.pr. of flagrate to burn,
akin to Gr. flagrant. Cf. Flame, Phlox.]
1. Flaming; inflamed; glowing; burning; ardent.
The beadle's lash still flagrant on their back. Prior.
A young man yet flagrant from the lash of the executioner or the
beadle. De Quincey.
Flagrant desires and affections. Hooker.
2. Actually in preparation, execution, or performance; carried on
hotly; raging.
A war the most powerful of the native tribes was flagrant. Palfrey.
3. Flaming into notice; notorious; enormous; heinous; glaringly
wicked. Syn. -- Atrocious; flagitious; glaring. See Atrocious.
Flagrantly
Fla"grant*ly, adv. In a flagrant manner.
Flagrate
Fla"grate (?), v. t. [L. flagrare, flagratum, v.i. & t., to burn.] To
burn. [Obs.] Greenhill.
Flagration
Fla*gra"tion (?), n. A conflagration. [Obs.]
Flagship
Flag"ship` (?), n. (Naut.) The vessel which carries the commanding
officer of a fleet or squadron and flies his distinctive flag or
pennant.
Flagstaff
Flag"staff` (?), n.; pl. -staves ( or -staffs (. A staff on which a
flag is hoisted.
Flagstone
Flag"stone` (?), n. A flat stone used in paving, or any rock which
will split into such stones. See Flag, a stone.
Flagworm
Flag"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A worm or grub found among flags and
sedge.
Flail
Flail (?), n. [L. flagellum whip, scourge, in LL., a threshing flail:
cf. OF. flael, flaiel, F. fl\'82au. See Flagellum.]
1. An instrument for threshing or beating grain from the ear by hand,
consisting of a wooden staff or handle, at the end of which a stouter
and shorter pole or club, called a swipe, is so hung as to swing
freely.
His shadowy flail hath threshed the corn. Milton.
2. An ancient military weapon, like the common flail, often having the
striking part armed with rows of spikes, or loaded. Fairholt.
No citizen thought himself safe unless he carried under his coat a
small flail, loaded with lead, to brain the Popish assassins.
Macaulay.
Flaily
Flail"y (?), a. Acting like a flail. [Obs.] Vicars.
Flain
Flain (?), obs. p. p. of Flay. Chaucer.
Flake
Flake (?), n. [Cf. Icel. flaki, fleki, Dan. flage, D. vlaak.]
1. A paling; a hurdle. [prov. Eng.]
2. A platform of hurdles, or small sticks made fast or interwoven,
supported by stanchions, for drying codfish and other things.
You shall also, after they be ripe, neither suffer them to have
straw nor fern under them, but lay them either upon some smooth
table, boards, or flakes of wands, and they will last the longer.
English Husbandman.
3. (Naut.) A small stage hung over a vessel's side, for workmen to
stand on in calking, etc.
Flake
Flake (?), n. [Cf. Icel. flakna to flake off, split, flagna to flake
off, Sw. flaga flaw, flake, flake plate, Dan. flage snowflake. Cf.
Flag a flat stone.]
1. A loose filmy mass or a thin chiplike layer of anything; a film;
flock; lamina; layer; scale; as, a flake of snow, tallow, or fish.
"Lottle flakes of scurf." Addison.
Great flakes of ice encompassing our boat. Evelyn.
2. A little particle of lighted or incandescent matter, darted from a
fire; a flash.
With flakes of ruddy fire. Somerville.
3. (Bot.) A sort of carnation with only two colors in the flower, the
petals having large stripes. <-- 4. a flaky{2} person -->
Flake knife (Arch\'91ol.), a cutting instrument used by savage tribes,
made of a flake or chip of hard stone. Tylor. -- Flake stand, the
cooling tub or vessel of a still worm. Knight. -- Flake white.
(Paint.) (a) The purest white lead, in the form of flakes or scales.
(b) The trisnitrate of bismuth. Ure.
Flake
Flake, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flaking.] To
form into flakes. Pope.
Flake
Flake, v. i. To separate in flakes; to peel or scale off.
Flakiness
Flak"i*ness (?), n. The state of being flaky.
Flaky
Flak"y (?), a. Consisting of flakes or of small, loose masses; lying,
or cleaving off, in flakes or layers; flakelike. <--2. (of persons) =
prone to strange behavior; (of actions) odd or unconventional =
offbeat, whacky -->
What showers of mortal hail, what flaky fires! Watts.
A flaky weight of winter's purest snows. Wordsworth.
Flam
Flam (?), n. [Cf. AS. fle\'a0m, fl, floght. &root; 84 . Cf. Flimflam.]
A freak or whim; also, a falsehood; a lie; an illusory pretext;
deception; delusion. [Obs.]
A perpetual abuse and flam upon posterity. South.
Flam
Flam, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flammed ; p. pr. & vb. n. Flamming.] To
deceive with a falsehood. [Obs.]
God is not to be flammed off with lies. South.
Flambeau
Flam"beau (?); n.; pl. Flambeaux (#) or Flambeaus (#). [F., fr. OF.
flambe flame, for flamble, from L. flammula a little flame, dim. of
flamma flame. See Flame.] A flaming torch, esp. one made by combining
together a number of thick wicks invested with a quick-burning
substance (anciently, perhaps, wax; in modern times, pitch or the
like); hence, any torch.
Flamboyant
Flam*boy"ant (?), a. [F.] (Arch.) Characterized by waving or flamelike
curves, as in the tracery of windows, etc.; -- said of the later (15th
century) French Gothic style.
Flamboyer
Flam*boy"er (?), n. [F. flamboyer to be bright.] (Bot.) A name given
in the East and West Indies to certain trees with brilliant blossoms,
probably species of C\'91salpinia.
Flame
Flame (?), n. [OE. flame, flaume, flaumbe, OF. flame, flambe, F.
flamme, fr. L. flamma, fr. flamma, fr. flagrare to burn. See Flagrant,
and cf. Flamneau, Flamingo.]
1. A stream of burning vapor or gas, emitting light and heat; darting
or streaming fire; a blaze; a fire.
2. Burning zeal or passion; elevated and noble enthusiasm; glowing
imagination; passionate excitement or anger. "In a flame of zeal
severe." Milton.
Where flames refin'd in breasts seraphic glow. Pope.
Smit with the love of sister arts we came, And met congenial,
mingling flame with flame. Pope.
3. Ardor of affection; the passion of love. Coleridge.
4. A person beloved; a sweetheart. Thackeray. Syn. -- Blaze;
brightness; ardor. See Blaze.
Flame bridge, a bridge wall. See Bridge, n., 5. -- Flame color,
brilliant orange or yellow. B. Jonson. -- Flame engine, an early name
for the gas engine. -- Flame manometer, an instrument, invented by
Koenig, to obtain graphic representation of the action of the human
vocal organs. See Manometer. -- Flame reaction (Chem.), a method of
testing for the presence of certain elements by the characteristic
color imparted to a flame; as, sodium colors a flame yellow, potassium
violet, lithium crimson, boracic acid green, etc. Cf. Spectrum
analysis, under Spectrum. -- Flame tree (Bot.), a tree with showy
scarlet flowers, as the Rhododendron arboreum in India, and the
Brachychiton acerifolium of Australia.
Flame
Flame, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flaming.] [OE.
flamen, flaumben, F. flamber, OF. also, flamer. See Flame, n.]
1. To burn with a flame or blaze; to burn as gas emitted from bodies
in combustion; to blaze.
The main blaze of it is past, but a small thing would make it flame
again. Shak.
2. To burst forth like flame; to break out in violence of passion; to
be kindled with zeal or ardor.
He flamed with indignation. Macaulay.
Flame
Flame, v. t. To kindle; to inflame; to excite.
And flamed with zeal of vengeance inwardly. Spenser.
Flame-colored
Flame"-col`ored (?), a. Of the color of flame; of a bright orange
yellow color. Shak.
Flameless
Flame"less, a. Destitute of flame. Sandys.
Flamelet
Flame"let (?), n. [Flame + -let.] A small flame.
The flamelets gleamed and flickered. Longfellow.
Flamen
Fla"men (?), n.; pl. E. Flammens (#), L. Flamines (#). [L.] (Rom.
Antiq.) A priest devoted to the service of a particular god, from whom
he received a distinguishing epithet. The most honored were those of
Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus, called respectively Flamen Dialis, Flamen
Martialis, and Flamen Quirinalis.
Affrights the flamens at their service quaint. Milton.
Flamineous
Fla*min"e*ous (?), a. Pertaining to a flamen; flaminical.
Flaming
Flam"ing (?), a.
1. Emitting flames; afire; blazing; consuming; illuminating.
2. Of the color of flame; high-colored; brilliant; dazzling. "In
flaming yellow bright." Prior.
3. Ardent; passionate; burning with zeal; irrepressibly earnest; as, a
flaming proclomation or harangue.
Flamingly
Flam"ing*ly, adv. In a flaming manner.
Flamingo
Fla*min"go (?), n.; pl. Flamingoes (#). [Sp. flamenco, cf. Pg.
flamingo, Prov. flammant, F. flamant; prop. a p.pr. meaning flaming.
So called in allusion to its color. See Flame.] (Zo\'94l.) Any bird of
the genus Ph\'d2nicopterus. The flamingoes have webbed feet, very long
legs, and a beak bent down as if broken. Their color is usually red or
pink. The American flamingo is P. ruber; the European is P.
antiquorum.
Flaminical
Fla*min"i*cal (?), a. Pertaining to a flamen. Milton.
Flammability
Flam`ma*bil"ity (?), n. The quality of being flammable;
inflammability. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Flammable
Flam"ma*ble (?), a. Inflammable. [Obs.]
Flammation
Flam*ma"tion (?), n. The act of setting in a flame or blaze. [Obs.]
Sir. T. Browne.
Flammeous
Flam"me*ous (?), a. [L. flammeus from flamma flame.] Pertaining to,
consisting of, or resembling, flame. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Flammiferous
Flam*mif"er*ous (?), a. [L. flammifer; flamma flame + ferre to bear.]
Producing flame.
Flammivomous
Flam*miv"o*mous (?), a. [L. flammivomus; flamma flame + vomere to
vomit.] Vomiting flames, as a volcano. W. Thompson. (1745).
Flammulated
Flam"mu*la`ted (?), a. [L. flammula little flame, dim. fr. flamma
flame.] Of a reddish color.
Flamy
Flam"y (?), a. [From Flame.] Flaming; blazing; flamelike;
flame-colored; composed of flame. Pope.
Flanch
Flanch (?), n.; pl. Flanches (#). [Prov. E., a projection, OF. flanche
flank. See Flank.]
1. A flange. [R.]. (Her.) A bearing consisting of a segment of a
circle encroaching on the field from the side.
NOTE: &hand; Fl anches ar e al ways in pairs. A pair of flanches is
considered one of the subordinaries.
Flanched
Flanched (?), a. (Her.) Having flanches; -- said of an escutcheon with
those bearings.
Flanconade
Flan`co*nade" (?), n. [F.] (Fencing) A thrust in the side.
Flaneur
Fla`neur" (?), n. [F., fr. fl\'83ner to stroll.] One who strolls about
aimlessly; a lounger; a loafer.
Flang
Flang (?), n. A miner's two-pointed pick.
Flange
Flange (?), n. [Prov. E. flange to project, flanch a projection. See
Flanch, Flank.]
1. An external or internal rib, or rim, for strength, as the flange of
an iron beam; or for a guide, as the flange of a car wheel (see Car
wheel.); or for attachment to another object, as the flange on the end
of a pipe, steam cylinder, etc. Knight.
2. A plate or ring to form a rim at the end of a pipe when fastened to
the pipe.
Blind flange, a plate for covering or closing the end of a pipe. --
Flange joint, a joint, as that of pipes, where the connecting pieces
have flanges by which the parts are bolted together. Knight. - Flange
rail, a rail with a flange on one side, to keep wheels, etc. from
running off. -- Flange turning, the process of forming a flange on a
wrought iron plate by bending and hammering it wh
Flange
Flange, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flanged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flanging
(?).] (Mach.) To make a flange on; to furnish with a flange.
Flange
Flange, v. i. To be bent into a flange.
Flanged
Flanged (?), a. Having a flange or flanges; as, a flanged wheel.
Flank
Flank (?), n. [F. flanc, prob. fr. L. flaccus flabby, with n inserted.
Cf. Flaccid, Flanch, Flange.]
1. The fleshy or muscular part of the side of an animal, between the
rids and the hip. See Illust. of Beef.
2. (Mil.) (a) The side of an army, or of any division of an army, as
of a brigade, regiment, or battalion; the extreme right or left; as,
to attack an enemy in flank is to attack him on the side.
When to right and left the front
Divided, and to either flank retired. Milton.
(b) (Fort.) That part of a bastion which reaches from the curtain
to the face, and defends the curtain, the flank and face of the
opposite bastion; any part of a work defending another by a fire
along the outside of its parapet. See Illust. of Bastion.
3. (Arch.) The side of any building. Brands.
4. That part of the acting surface of a gear wheel tooth that lies
within the pitch line.
Flank attack (Mil.), an attack upon the side of an army or body of
troops, distinguished from one upon its front or rear. -- Flank
company (Mil.), a certain number of troops drawn up on the right or
left of a battalion; usually grenadiers, light infantry, or riflemen.
-- Flank defense (Fort.), protection of a work against undue exposure
to an enemy's direct fire, by means of the fire from other works,
sweeping the ground in its front. -- Flank en potence (Mil.), any part
of the right or left wing formed at a projecting angle with the line.
-- Flank files, the first men on the right, and the last on the left,
of a company, battalion, etc. -- Flank march, a march made parallel or
obliquely to an enemy's position, in order to turn it or to attack him
on the flank. -- Flank movement, a change of march by an army, or
portion of one, in order to turn one or both wings of the enemy, or to
take up a new position. -- Flanks of a frontier, salient points in a
national boundary, strengthened to protect the frontier against
hostile incursion. -- Flank patrol, detachments acting independently
of the column of an army, but patrolling along its flanks, to secure
it against surprise and to observe the movements of the enemy.
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Page 567
Flank
Flank (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flanked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flanking.]
[Cf. F. flanquer. See Flank, n., and cf. Flanker, v. t.]
1. To stand at the flank or side of; to border upon.
Stately colonnades are flanked with trees. Pitt.
2. To overlook or command the flank of; to secure or guard the flank
of; to pass around or turn the flank of; to attack, or threaten to
attack; the flank of.
Flank
Flank, v. i.
1. To border; to touch. Bp. Butler.
2. To be posted on the side.
Flanker
Flank"er (?), n. One who, or that which, flanks, as a skirmisher or a
body of troops sent out upon the flanks of an army toguard a line of
march, or a fort projecting so as to command the side of an assailing
body.
They threw out flankers, and endeavored to dislodge their
assailants. W. Irwing.
Flanker
Flank"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flankered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Flankering.] [See Flank, v. t.]
1. To defend by lateral fortifications. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
2. To attack sideways. [Obs.] Evelyn.
Flanel
Fla"nel (?), n. [F. flanelle, cf. OF. flaine a pillowcase, a mattress
(?); fr. W. gwlanen flannel, fr. gwlan wool; prob. akin to E. wool.
Cf. Wool.] A soft, nappy, woolen cloth, of loose texture. Shak. Adam's
flannel. (Bot.) See under Adam. -- Canton flannel, Cotton flannel. See
Cotton flannel, under Cotton.
Flanneled
Flan"neled (?), a. Covered or wrapped in flannel.
Flannen
Flan"nen (?), a. Made or consisting of flannel. [Obs.] "Flannen
robes." Dryden.
Flap
Flap (?), n. [OE. flappe, flap, blow, bly-flap; cf. D. flap, and E.
flap, v.] Anything broad and limber that hangs loose, or that is
attached by one side or end and is easily moved; as, the flap of a
garment.
A cartilaginous flap upon the opening of the larynx. Sir T. Browne.
2. A hinged leaf, as of a table or shutter.
3. The motion of anything broad and loose, or a stroke or sound made
with it; as, the flap of a sail or of a wing.
4. pl. (Far.) A disease in the lips of horses.
Flap tile, a tile with a bent up portion, to turn a corner or catch a
drip. -- Flap valve (Mech.), a valve which opens and shuts upon one
hinged side; a clack valve.
Flap
Flap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flapping (?).]
[Prob. of imitative origin; cf. D. flappen, E. flap, n., flop,
flippant, fillip.]
1. To beat with a flap; to strike.
Yet let me flap this bug with gilded wings. Pope.
2. To move, as something broad and flaplike; as, to flap the wings; to
let fall, as the brim of a hat.
To flap in the mouth, to taunt. [Obs.] W. Cartwright.
Flap
Flap, v. i.
1. To move as do wings, or as something broad or loose; to fly with
wings beating the air.
The crows flapped over by twos and threes. Lowell.
2. To fall and hang like a flap, as the brim of a hat, or other broad
thing. Gay.
Flapdragon
Flap"drag`on (?), n.
1. A game in which the players catch raisins out burning brandy, and
swallow them blazing. Johnson.
2. The thing thus caught abd eaten. Johnson.
Cakes and ale, and flapdragtons and mummer's plays, and all the
happy sports of Christians night. C. Kingsley.
Flapdragon
Flap"drag`on, v. t. To swallow whole, as a flapdragon; to devour.
[Obs.]
See how the sea flapdragoned it. Shak.
Flap-eared
Flap"-eared` (?), a. Having broad, loose, dependent ears. Shak.
Flapjack
Flap"jack` (?), n.
1. A fklat cake turned on the griddle while cooking; a griddlecake or
pacake.
2. A fried dough cake containing fruit; a turnover. [Prov. Eng.]
Flap-mouthed
Flap"-mouthed` (?), a. Having broad, hangling lips. [R.] Shak.
Flapper
Flap"per (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, flaps.
2. See Flipper. "The flapper of a porpoise." Buckley.
Flapper skate (Zo\'94l.), a European skate (Raia intermedia).
Flare
Flare (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flaring.]
[Cf. Norw. flara to blaze, flame, adorn with tinsel, dial. Sw. flasa
upp, and E. flash, or flacker.]
1. To burn with an unsteady or waving flame; as, the candle flares.
2. To shine out with a sudden and unsteady light; to emit a dazzling
or painfully bright light.
3. To shine out with gaudy colors; to flaunt; to be offensively bright
or showy.
With ribbons pendant, flaring about her head. Shak.
4. To be exosed to too much light. [Obs.]
Flaring in sunshine all the day. Prior.
5. To open or spread outwards; to project beyond the perpendicular;
as, the sides of a bowl flare; the bows of a ship flare.
To flare up, to become suddenly heated or excited; to burst into a
passion. [Colloq.] Thackeray.
Flare
Flare, n.
1. An unsteady, broad, offensive light.
2. A spreading outward; as, the flare of a fireplace.
Flare
Flare, n. Leaf of lard. "Pig's flare." Dunglison.
Flare-up
Flare"-up` (?), n. A sudden burst of anger or passion; an angry
dispute. [Colloq.]
Flaring
Flar"ing (?), a.
1. That flares; flaming or blazing unsteadily; shining out with a
dazzling light.
His [the sun's] flaring beams. Milton.
2. Opening or speading outwards.
Flaringly
Flar"ing*ly, adv. In a flaring manner.
Flash
Flash (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flashing.]
[Cf. OE. flaskien, vlaskien to pour, sprinkle, dial. Sw. flasa to
blaze, E. flush, flare.]
1. To burst or break forth with a sudden and transient flood of flame
and light; as, the lighting flashes vividly; the powder flashed.
2. To break forth, as a sudden flood of light; to burst instantly and
brightly on the sight; to show a momentary brilliancy; to come or pass
like a flash.
Names which have flashed and thundered as the watch words of
unumbered struggles. Talfourd.
The object is made to flash upon the eye of the mind. M. Arnold.
A thought floashed through me, which I clothed in act. Tennyson.
3. To burst forth like a sudden flame; to break out violently; to rush
hastily.
Every hour He flashes into one gross crime or other. Shak.
To flash in the pan, to fail of success. [Colloq.] See under Flash, a
burst of light. Bartlett. Syn. -- Flash, Glitter, Gleam, Glisten,
Glister. Flash differs from glitter and gleam, denoting a flood or
wide extent of light. The latter words may express the issuing of
light from a small object, or from a pencil of rays. Flash differs
from other words, also, in denoting suddenness of appearance and
disappearance. Flashing differs from exploding or disploding in not
being accompanied with a loud report. To glisten, or glister, is to
shine with a soft and fitful luster, as eyes suffused with tears, or
flowers wet with dew.
Flash
Flash (?), v. t.
1. To send out in flashes; to cause to burst forth with sudden flame
or light.
The chariot of paternal Deity, Flashing thick flames. Milton.
2. To convey as by a flash; to light up, as by a sudden flame or
light; as, to flash a message along the wires; to flash conviction on
the mind.
3. (Glass Making) To cover with a thin layer, as objects of glass with
glass of a different color. See Flashing, n., 3 (b).
4. To trick up in a showy manner.
Limning and flashing it with various dyes. A. Brewer.
5. [Perh. due to confusion between flash of light and plash, splash.]
To strike and throw up large bodies of water from the surface; to
splash. [Obs.]
He rudely flashed the waves about. Spenser.
Flashed glass. See Flashing, n., 3.
Flash
Flash, n.; pl. Flashes (.
1. A sudden burst of light; a flood of light instantaneously appearing
and disappearing; a momentary blaze; as, a flash of lightning.
2. A sudden and brilliant burst, as of wit or genius; a momentary
brightness or show.
The flash and outbreak of a fiery mind. Shak.
No striking sentiment, no flash of fancy. Wirt.
3. The time during which a flash is visible; an instant; a very brief
period.
The Persians and Macedonians had it for a flash. Bacon.
4. A preparation of capsicum, burnt sugar, etc., for coloring and
giving a fictious strength to liquors.
Flash light, OR Flashing light, a kind of light shown by lighthouses,
produced by the revolution of reflectors, so as to show a flash of
light every few seconds, alternating with periods of dimness. Knight.
-- Flash in the pan, the flashing of the priming in the pan of a
flintlock musket without discharging the piece; hence, sudden,
spasmodic effort that accomplishes nothing.
Flash
Flash, a.
1. Showy, but counterfeit; cheap, pretentious, and vulgar; as, flash
jewelry; flash finery. <-- different from flashy[3]? Not much used
late 1900's. Perh. because of sense 2? -->
2. Wearing showy, counterfeit ornaments; vulgarly pretentious; as,
flash people; flash men or women; -- applied especially to thieves,
gamblers, and prostitutes that dress in a showy way and wear much
cheap jewelry.
Flash house, a house frequented by flash people, as thieves and
whores; hence, a brothel. "A gang of footpads, reveling with their
favorite beauties at a flash house." Macaulay.
Flash
Flash, n. Slang or cant of thieves and prostitutes.
Flash
Flash, n. [OE. flasche, flaske; cf. OF. flache, F. flaque.]
1. A pool. [Prov. Eng.] Haliwell.
2. (Engineering) A reservoir and sluiceway beside a navigable stream,
just above a shoal, so that the stream may pour in water as boats
pass, and thus bear them over the shoal.
Flash wheel (Mech.), a paddle wheel made to revolve in a breast or
curved water way, by which water is lifted from the lower to the
higher level.
Flashboard
Flash"board` (?), n. A board placed temporarily upon a milldam, to
raise the water in the pond above its usual level; a flushboard.
[U.S.]
Flasher
Flash"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, flashes.
2. A man of more appearance of wit than reality. <-- 3. an
exhibitionist -->
3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large sparoid fish of the Atlantic coast and all
tropical seas (Lobotes Surinamensis). (b) The European red-backed
shrile (Lanius collurio); -- called also flusher.
Flashily
Flash"i*ly (?), adv. In a flashy manner; with empty show.
Flashiness
Flash"i*ness, n. The quality of being flashy.
Flashing
Flash"ing, n.
1. (Engineering) The creation of an artifical flood by the sudden
letting in of a body of water; -- called also flushing.
2. (Arch.) Pieces of metal, built into the joints of a wall, so as to
lap over the edge of the gutters or to cover the edge of the roofing;
also, similar pieces used to cover the valleys of roofs of slate,
shingles, or the like. By extension, the metal covering of ridges and
hips of roofs; also, in the United States, the protecting of angles
and breaks in walls of frame houses with waterproof material, tarred
paper, or the like. Cf. Filleting.
3. (Glass Making) (a) The reheating of an article at the furnace
aperture during manufacture to restore its plastic condition; esp.,
the reheating of a globe of crown glass to allow it to assume a flat
shape as it is rotated. (b) A mode of covering transparent white glass
with a film of colored glass. Knight.
Flashing point (Chem.), that degree of temperature at which a volatile
oil gives off vapor in sufficient quantity to burn, or flash, on the
approach of a flame, used as a test of the comparative safety of oils,
esp. kerosene; a flashing point of 100° F. is regarded as a fairly
safe standard. The burning point of the oil is usually from ten to
thirty degree above the flashing point of its vapor.
Flashy
Flash"y (?), a.
1. Dazzling for a moment; making a momentary show of brilliancy;
transitorily bright.
A little flashy and transient pleasure. Barrow.
2. Fiery; vehement; impetuous.
A temper always flashy. Burke.
3. Showy; gay; gaudy; as, a flashy dress.
4. Without taste or spirit.
Lean and flashy songs. Milton.
Flask
Flask (?), n. [AS. flasce, flaxe; akin to D. flesch, OHG. flasca, G.
flasche, Icel. & Sw. flaska, Dan. flaske, OF. flasche, LL. flasca,
flasco; of uncertain origin; cf. L. vasculum, dim. of vas a vessel,
Gr. Flagon, Flasket.]
1. A small bottle-shaped vessel for holding fluids; as, a flask of oil
or wine.
2. A narrow-necked vessel of metal or glass, used for various
purposes; as of sheet metal, to carry gunpowder in; or of wrought
iron, to contain quicksilver; or of glass, to heat water in, etc.
3. A bed in a gun carriage. [Obs.] Bailey.
4. (Founding) The wooden or iron frame which holds the sand, etc.,
forming the mold used in a foundry; it consists of two or more parts;
viz., the cope or top; sometimes, the cheeks, or middle part; and the
drag, or bottom part. When there are one or more cheeks, the flask is
called a three part flask, four part flask, etc.
Erlenmeyer flask, a thin glass flask, flat-bottomed and cone-shaped to
allow of safely shaking its contents laterally without danger of
spilling; -- so called from Erlenmeyer, a German chemist who invented
it. -- Florence flask. [From Florence in Italy.] (a) Same as Betty,
n., 3. (b) A glass flask, round or pear-shaped, with round or flat
bottom, and usually very thin to allow of heating solutions. -- Pocket
flask, a kind of pocket dram bottle, often covered with metal or
leather to protect it from breaking.
Flasket
Flask"et (?), n. [Cf. W. fflasged a vessel of straw or wickerwork,
fflasg flask, basket, and E. flask.]
1. A long, shallow basket, with two handles. [Eng.]
In which they gathered flowers to fill their flasket. Spenser.
2. A small flask.
3. A vessel in which viands are served. [Obs.] Pope.
Flat
Flat (?), a. [Compar. Flatter (?); superl. Flattest (?).] [Akin to
Icel. flatr, Sw. flat, Dan. flad, OHG. flaz, and AS. flet floor, G.
fl\'94tz stratum, layer.]
1. Having an even and horizontal surface, or nearly so, without
prominences or depressions; level without inclination; plane.
Though sun and moon Were in the flat sea sunk. Milton.
2. Lying at full length, or spread out, upon the ground; level with
the ground or earth; prostrate; as, to lie flat on the ground; hence,
fallen; laid low; ruined; destroyed.
What ruins kingdoms, and lays cities flat! Milton.
I feel . . . my hopes all flat. Milton.
3. (Fine Arts) Wanting relief; destitute of variety; without points of
prominence and striking interest.
A large part of the work is, to me, very flat. Coleridge.
4. Tasteless; stale; vapid; insipid; dead; as, fruit or drink flat to
the taste.
5. Unanimated; dull; uninteresting; without point or spirit;
monotonous; as, a flat speech or composition.
How weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable Seem to me all the uses of
this world. Shak.
6. Lacking liveliness of commercial exchange and dealings; depressed;
dull; as, the market is flat.
7. Clear; unmistakable; peremptory; absolute; positive; downright.
Flat burglary as ever was committed. Shak.
A great tobacco taker too, -- that's flat. Marston.
8. (Mus.) (a) Below the true pitch; hence, as applied to intervals,
minor, or lower by a half step; as, a flat seventh; A flat. (b) Not
sharp or shrill; not acute; as, a flat sound.
9. (Phonetics) Sonant; vocal; -- applied to any one of the sonant or
vocal consonants, as distinguished from a nonsonant (or sharp)
consonant.
Flat arch. (Arch.) See under Arch, n., 2. (b). -- Flat cap, cap paper,
not folded. See under Paper. -- Flat chasing, in fine art metal
working, a mode of ornamenting silverware, etc., producing figures by
dots and lines made with a punching tool. Knight. -- Flat chisel, a
sculptor's chisel for smoothing. -- Flat file, a file wider than its
thickness, and of rectangular section. See File. -- Flat nail, a
small, sharp-pointed, wrought nail, with a flat, thin head, larger
than a tack. Knight. -- Flat paper, paper which has not been folded.
-- Flat rail, a railroad rail consisting of a simple flat bar spiked
to a longitudinal sleeper. -- Flat rods (Mining), horizontal or
inclined connecting rods, for transmitting motion to pump rods at a
distance. Raymond. -- Flat rope, a rope made by plaiting instead of
twisting; gasket; sennit.
NOTE: Some fl at ho isting ropes, as for mining shafts, are made by
sewing together a number of ropes, making a wide, flat band
. Knight. -- Flat space. (Geom.) See Euclidian space. -- Flat stitch,
the process of wood engraving. [Obs.] -- Flat tint (Painting), a coat
of water color of one uniform shade. -- To fall flat (Fig.), to
produce no effect; to fail in the intended effect; as, his speech fell
flat.
Of all who fell by saber or by shot, Not one fell half so flat as
Walter Scott. Lord Erskine.
Flat
Flat (?), adv.
1. In a flat manner; directly; flatly.
Sin is flat opposite to the Almighty. Herbert.
2. (Stock Exchange) Without allowance for accrued interest. [Broker's
Cant]
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Page 568
Flat
Flat, n.
1. A level surface, without elevation, relief, or prominences; an
extended plain; specifically, in the United States, a level tract
along the along the banks of a river; as, the Mohawk Flats.
Envy is as the sunbeams that beat hotter upon a bank, or steep
rising ground, than upon a flat. Bacon.
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Page 568
2. A level tract lying at little depth below the surface of water, or
alternately covered and left bare by the tide; a shoal; a shallow; a
strand.
Half my power, this night Passing these flats, are taken by the
tide. Shak.
3. Something broad and flat in form; as: (a) A flat-bottomed boat,
without keel, and of small draught. (b) A straw hat, broad-brimmed and
low-crowned. (c) (Railroad Mach.) A car without a roof, the body of
which is a platform without sides; a platform car. (d) A platform on
wheel, upon which emblematic designs, etc., are carried in
processions.
4. The flat part, or side, of anything; as, the broad side of a blade,
as distinguished from its edge.
5. (Arch.) A floor, loft, or story in a building; especially, a floor
of a house, which forms a complete residence in itself<-- an apartment
taking up a whole floor -->.
6. (Mining) A horizontal vein or ore deposit auxiliary to a main vein;
also, any horizontal portion of a vein not elsewhere horizontal.
Raymond.
7. A dull fellow; a simpleton; a numskull. [Colloq.]
Or if you can not make a speech, Because you are a flat. Holmes.
8. (Mus.) A character [b] before a note, indicating a tone which is a
half step or semitone lower.
9. (Geom.) A homaloid space or extension.
Flat
Flat (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flatted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flatting
(?).]
1. To make flat; to flatten; to level.
2. To render dull, insipid, or spiritless; to depress.
Passions are allayed, appetites are flatted. Barrow.
3. To depress in tone, as a musical note; especially, to lower in
pitch by half a tone.
Flat
Flat, v. i.
1. To become flat, or flattened; to sink or fal to an even surface.
Sir W. Temple.
2. (Mus.) To fall form the pitch.
To flat out, to fail from a promising beginning; to make a bad ending;
to disappoint expectations. [Colloq.]<-- = to fall flat -->
Flatbill
Flat"bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any bird of the genus Flatyrynchus. They
belong to the family of flycatchers.
Flatboat
Flat"boat` (?), n. A boat with a flat bottom and square ends; -- used
for the transportation of bulky freight, especially in shallow waters.
Flat-bottomed
Flat"-bot`tomed (?), a. Having an even lower surface or bottom; as, a
flat-bottomed boat.
Flat-cap
Flat"-cap` (?), n. A kind of low-crowned cap formerly worn by all
classes in England, and continued in London after disuse elsewhere; --
hence, a citizen of London. Marston.
Flatfish
Flat"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any fish of the family Pleuronectid\'91;
esp., the winter flounder (Pleuronectes Americanus). The flatfishes
have the body flattened, swim on the side, and have eyes on one side,
as the flounder, turbot, and halibut. See Flounder.
Flat foot
Flat" foot` (?). (Med.) A foot in which the arch of the instep is
flattened so that the entire sole of the foot rests upon the ground;
also, the deformity, usually congential, exhibited by such a foot;
splayfoot.
Flat-footed
Flat"-foot`ed, a.
1. Having a flat foot, with little or no arch of the instep.
2. Firm-footed; determined. [Slang, U.S.] <-- catch flat-footed =
catch unprepared -->
Flathead
Flat"head` (?), a. Characterized by flatness of head, especially that
produced by artificial means, as a certain tribe of American Indians.
Flathead
Flat"head`, n. (Ethnol.) A Chinook Indian. See Chinook, n., 1.
Flat-heated
Flat"-heat`ed (?), a. Having a head with a flattened top; as, a
flat-headed nail.
Flatiron
Flat"i`ron (?), n. An iron with a flat, smooth surface for ironing
clothes.
Flative
Fla"tive (?), a. [L. flare, flatum to blow.] Producing wind;
flatulent. [Obs.] A. Brewer.
Flating
Flat"ing (?), adv. [Flat, a. + adverbial suff. -ing.] With the flat
side, as of a sword; flatlong; in a prostrate position. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Flatlong
Flat"long (?); 115), adv. With the flat side downward; not edgewise.
Shak.
Flatly
Flat"ly, adv. In a flat manner; evenly; horizontally; without spirit;
dully; frigidly; peremptori;y; positively, plainly. "He flatly refused
his aid." Sir P. Sidney.
He that does the works of religion slowly, flatly, and without
appetite. Jer. Taylor.
Flatness
Flat"ness, n.
1. The quality or state of being flat.
2. Eveness of surface; want of relief or prominence; the state of
being plane or level.
3. Want of vivacity or spirit; prostration; dejection; depression.
4. Want of variety or flavor; dullness; inspidity.
5. Depression of tone; the state of being below the true pitch; --
opposed to sharpness or acuteness.
Flatour
Fla*tour" (?), n. [OF.] A flatterer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Flatten
Flat"ten (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flattened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Flattening.] [From Flat, a.]
1. To reduce to an even surface or one approaching evenness; to make
flat; to level; to make plane.
2. To throw down; to bring to the ground; to prostrate; hence, to
depress; to deject; to dispirit.
3. To make vapid or insipid; to render stale.
4. (Mus.) To lower the pitch of; to cause to sound less sharp; to let
fall from the pitch.
To flatten a sail (Naut.), to set it more nearly fore-and-aft of the
vessel. -- Flattening oven, in glass making, a heated chamber in which
split glass cylinders are flattened for window glass.
Flatten
Flat"ten, v. i. To become or grow flat, even, depressed dull, vapid,
spiritless, or depressed below pitch.
Flatter
Flat"ter (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, makes flat or flattens.
2. (Metal Working) (a) A flat-faced fulling hammer. (b) A drawplate
with a narrow, rectangular orifice, for drawing flat strips, as watch
springs, etc.
Flatter
Flat"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flattered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Flattering.] [OE. flateren, cf. OD. flatteren; akin to G. flattern to
flutter, Icel. fla to fawn, flatter: cf. F. flatter. Cf. Flitter,
Flutter, Flattery.]
1. To treat with praise or blandishments; to gratify or attempt to
gratify the self-love or vanity of, esp. by artful and interested
commendation or attentions; to blandish; to cajole; to wheedle.
When I tell him he hates flatterers, He says he does, being then
most flattered. Shak.
A man that flattereth his neighbor, spreadeth a net for his feet.
Prov. xxix. 5.
Others he flattered by asking their advice. Prescott.
2. To raise hopes in; to encourage or favorable, but sometimes
unfounded or deceitful, representations.
3. To portray too favorably; to give a too favorable idea of; as, his
portrait flatters him.
Flatter
Flat"ter, v. i. To use flattery or insincere praise.
If it may stand him more in stead to lie, Say and unsay, feign,
flatter, or adjure. Milton.
Flatterer
Flat"ter*er (?), n. One who flatters.
The most abject flaterers degenerate into the greatest tyrants.
Addison.
Flattering
Flat"ter*ing, a. That flatters (in the various senses of the verb);
as, a flattering speech.
Lay not that flattering unction to your soul. Shak.
A flattering painter, who made it his care, To draw men as they
ought be, not as they are. Goldsmith.
Flatteringly
Flat"ter*ing*ly, adv. With flattery.
Flattery
Flat"ter*y (?), n.; pl. Flatteries (#). [OE. flaterie, OF. flaterie,
F. flaterie, fr. flater to flatter, F. flatter; of uncertain origin.
See Flatter, v. t.] The act or practice of flattering; the act of
pleasing by artiful commendation or compliments; adulation; false,
insincere, or excessive praise.
Just praise is only a debt, but flattery is a present. Rambler.
Flattery corrupts both the receiver and the giver. Burke.
Syn. -- Adulation; compliment; obsequiousness. See Adulation.
Flatting
Flat"ting (?), n.
1. The process or operation of making flat, as a cylinder of glass by
opening it out.
2. A mode of painting,in which the paint, being mixed with turpentine,
leaves the work without gloss. Gwilt.
3. A method of preserving gilding unburnished, by touching with size.
Knolles.
4. The process of forming metal into sheets by passing it between
rolls.
Flatting coat, a coat of paint so put on as to have no gloss. --
Flatting furnace. Same as Flattening oven, under Flatten. -- Flatting
mill. (a) A rolling mill producing sheet metal; esp., in mints, the
ribbon from which the planchets are punched. (b) A mill in which
grains of metal are flatted by steel rolls, and reduced to metallic
dust, used for purposes of ornamentation.
Flattish
Flat"tish (?), a. Somewhat flat. Woodward.
Flatulence, Flatlency
Flat"u*lence (?), Flat"*len*cy (?), n. [Cf. F. flatulence.] The state
or quality of being flatulent.
Flatulent
Flat"u*lent (?), a. [L. flatus a blowing, flatus ventris windiness,
flatulence, fr. flare to blow: cf. F. flatulent. See Blow.]
1. Affected with flatus or gases generated in the alimentary canal;
windy.
2. Generating, or tending to generate, wind in the stomach.
Vegetables abound more with a\'89rial particles than animal
substances, and therefore are more flatulent. Arbuthnot.
3. Turgid with flatus; as, a flatulent tumor. Quincy.
4. Pretentious without substance or reality; puffy; empty; vain; as, a
flatulent vanity.
He is too flatulent sometimes, and sometimes too dry. Dryden.
Flatulently
Flat"u*lent*ly, adv. In a flatulent manner; with flatulence.
Flatuosity
Flat`u*os"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. flatuosit\'82.] Flatulence. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Flatuous
Flat"u*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. flatueux.] Windy; generating wind. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Flatus
Fla"tus (?), n.; pl. E. Flatuses (#), L. Flatus. [L., fr. flare to
blow.]
1. A breath; a puff of wind. Clarke.
2. Wind or gas generated in the stomach or other cavities of the body.
Quincy.
Flatwise
Flat"wise` (?), a. OR adv. With the flat side downward, or next to
another object; not edgewise.
Flatworm
Flat"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any worm belonging to the
Plathelminthes; also, sometimes applied to the planarians.
Flaundrish
Flaun"drish (? OR ?), a. Flemish. [Obs.]
Flaunt
Flaunt (? OR ?; 277), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flaunted; p. pr. & vb. n..
Flaunting.] [Cf. dial. G. flandern to flutter, wave; perh. akin to E.
flatter, flutter.] To throw or spread out; to flutter; to move
ostentatiously; as, a flaunting show.
You flaunt about the streets in your new gilt chariot. Arbuthnot.
One flaunts in rags, one flutters in brocade. Pope.
Flaunt
Flaunt, v. t. To display ostentatiously; to make an impudent show of.
Flaunt
Flaunt, n. Anything displayed for show. [Obs.]
In these my borrowed flaunts. Shak.
Flauntingly
Flaunt"ing*ly, adv. In a flaunting way.
Flautist
Flau"tist (?), n. [It. flauto a flute See Flute.] A player on the
flute; a flutist.
Flauto
Flau"to (?), n. [It.] A flute. Flaute piccolo ( [It., little flute],
an octave flute. -- Flauto traverso ( [It., transverse flute], the
German flute, held laterally, instead of being played, like the old
fl\'96te a bec, with a mouth piece at the end.
Flavaniline
Fla*van"i*line (? OR ?; 104), n. [L. flavus yellow + E. aniline.]
(Chem.) A yellow, crystalline, organic dyestuff, C16H14N2, of
artifical production. It is a strong base, and is a complex derivative
of aniline and quinoline.
Flavescent
Fla*ves"cent (?), a. [L. flavescens, p.pr. of flavescere to turn
yellow.] Turning yellow; yellowish.
Flavicomous
Fla*vic"o*mous (?), a. [L. flavicomus; flavus yellow + coma hair.]
Having yellow hair. [R.]
Flavin
Fla"vin (?), n. [L. flavus yellow.] (Chem.) A yellow, vegetable
dyestuff, resembling quercitron.
Flavine
Fla"vine (?; 104), n. (Chem.) A yellow, crystalline, organic base,
C13H12N2O, obtained artificially.
Flavol
Fla"vol (?), n. [L. flavus yellow + -oil.] (Chem.) A yellow,
crystalline substance, obtained from anthraquinone, and regarded as a
hydroxyl derivative of it.
Flavor
Fla"vor (?), n. [OF. fleur, flaur (two syllables), odor, cf. F.
fleurer to emit an odor, It. flatore a bad odor, prob. fr. L. flare to
bow, whence the sense of exhalation. Cf. Blow.] [Written also
flavour.]
1. That quality of anything which affects the smell; odor; fragrances;
as, the flavor of a rose.
2. That quality of anything which affects the taste; that quality
which gratifies the palate; relish; zest; savor; as, the flavor of
food or drink.
3. That which imparts to anything a peculiar odor or taste, gratifying
to the sense of smell, or the nicer perceptions of the palate; a
substance which flavors.
4. That quality which gives character to any of the productions of
literature or the fine arts.
Flavor
Fla"vor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flavored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flavoring.]
To give flavor to; to add something (as salt or a spice) to, to give
character or zest.
Flavored
Fla"vored (?), a. Having a distinct flavor; as, high-flavored wine.
Flavorles
Fla"vor*les (?), a. Without flavor; tasteless.
Flavorous
Fla"vor*ous (?), a. Imparting flavor; pleasant to the taste or smell;
sapid. Dryden.
Flavous
Fla"vous (?), a. [L. flavus.] Yellow. [Obs.]
Flaw
Flaw (?), n. [OE. flai, flaw flake; cf. Sw. flaga flaw, crack, breach,
flake, D. vlaag gust of wind, Norw. flage, flaag, and E. flag a flat
stone.]
1. A crack or breach; a gap or fissure; a defect of continuity or
cohesion; as, a flaw in a knife or a vase.
This heart Shall break into a hundered thousand flaws. Shak.
2. A defect; a fault; as, a flaw in reputation; a flaw in a will, in a
deed, or in a statute.
Has not this also its flaws and its dark side? South.
3. A sudden burst of noise and disorder; a tumult; uproar; a quarrel.
[Obs.]
And deluges of armies from the town Came pouring in; I heard the
mighty flaw. Dryden.
4. A sudden burst or gust of wind of short duration.
Snow, and hail, and stormy gust and flaw. Milton.
Like flaws in summer laying lusty corn. Tennyson.
Syn. -- Blemish; fault; imoerfection; spot; speck.
Flaw
Flaw, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flawed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flawing.]
1. To crack; to make flaws in.
The brazen caldrons with the frosts are flawed. Dryden.
2. To break; to violate; to make of no effect. [Obs.]
France hath flawed the league. Shak.
Flawless
Flaw"less, a. Free from flaws. Boyle.
Flawn
Flawn (?), n. [OF. flaon, F. flan, LL. flado, fr. OHG. flado, G.
fladen, a sort of pancake; cf. Gr. Place.] A sort of flat custard or
pie. [Obs.] Tusser.
Flawter
Flaw"ter (?), v. t. [Cf. Flay.] To scrape o [Obs.] Johnson.
Flawy
Flaw"y (?), a.
1. Full of flaws or cracks; broken; defective; faulty. Johnson.
2. Subject to sudden flaws or gusts of wind.
Flax
Flax (?), n. [AS. fleax; akin to D. vlas, OHG. flahs, G. flachs, and
prob. to flechten to braid, plait,m twist, L. plectere to weave,
plicare to fold, Gr. Ply.]
1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Linum, esp. the L. usitatissimum, which
has a single, slender stalk, about a foot and a half high, with blue
flowers. The fiber of the bark is used for making thread and cloth,
called linen, cambric, lawn, lace, etc. Linseed oil is expressed from
the seed.
2. The skin or fibrous part of the flax plant, when broken and cleaned
by hatcheling or combing.
Earth flax (Min.), amianthus. -- Flax brake, a machine for removing
the woody portion of flax from the fibrous. -- Flax comb, a hatchel,
hackle, or heckle. -- Flax cotton, the fiber of flax, reduced by
steeping in bicarbinate of soda and acidulated liquids, and prepared
for bleaching and spinning like cotton. Knight. -- Flax dresser, one
who breaks and swingles flax, or prepares it for the spinner. -- Flax
mill, a mill or factory where flax is spun or linen manufactured. --
Flax puller, a machine for pulling flax plants in the field. -- Flax
wench. (a) A woman who spins flax. [Obs.] (b) A prostitute. [Obs.]
Shak. -- Mountain flax (Min.), amianthus. -- New Zealand flax (Bot.)
See Flax-plant.
Flaxen
Flax"en (?), a. Made of flax; resembling flax or its fibers; of the
color of flax; of a light soft straw color; fair and flowing, like
flax or tow; as, flaxen thread; flaxen hair.
Flax-plant
Flax"-plant` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant in new Zealand (Phormium tenax),
allied to the lilies and aloes. The leaves are two inches wide and
several feet long, and furnish a fiber which is used for making ropes,
mats, and coarse cloth.
Flaxseed
Flax"seed` (?), n. The seed of the flax; linseed.
Flaxweed
Flax"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) See Toadflax.
Flaxy
Flax"y (?), a. Like flax; flaxen. Sir M. Sandys.
Flay
Flay (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flaying.]
[OE. flean, flan, AS. fle\'a0n; akin to D. vlaen, Icel. fl\'be, Sw.
fl\'86, Dan. flaae, cf. Lith. ples to tear, plyszti, v.i., to burst
tear; perh. akin to E. flag to flat stone, flaw.] To skin; to strip
off the skin or surface of; as, to flay an ox; to flay the green
earth.
With her nails She 'll flay thy wolfish visage. Shak.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 569
Flayer
Flay"er (?), n. One who strips off the skin.
Flea
Flea (?), v. t. [See Flay.] To flay. [Obs.]
He will be fleaced first And horse collars made of's skin. J.
Fletcher.
Flea
Flea, n. [OE. fle, flee, AS. fle\'a0, fle\'a0h; akin to D. fl, G.
floh, Icel. fl, Russ. blocha; prob. from the root of E. flee. Flee.]
(Zo\'94l.) An insect belonging to the genus Pulex, of the order
Aphaniptera. Fleas are destitute of wings, but have the power of
leaping energetically. The bite is poisonous to most persons. The
human flea (Pulex irritans), abundant in Europe, is rare in America,
where the dog flea (P. canis) takes its place. See Aphaniptera, and
Dog flea. See Illustration in Appendix. A flea in the ear, an
unwelcome hint or unexpected reply, annoying like a flea; an
irritating repulse; as, to put a flea in one's ear; to go away with a
flea in one's ear. -- Beach flea, Black flea, etc. See under Beach,
etc.
Fleabane
Flea"bane` (?), n. (Bot.) One of various plants, supposed to have
efficacy in driving away fleas. They belong, for the most part, to the
genera Conyza, Erigeron, and Pulicaria.
Flea-beetle
Flea"-bee`tle (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small beetle of the family
Halticid\'91, of many species. They have strong posterior legs and
leap like fleas. The turnip flea-beetle (Phyllotreta vittata) and that
of the grapevine (Graptodera chalybea) are common injurious species.
Flea-bite
Flea"-bite` (?), n.
1. The bite of a flea, or the red spot caused by the bite.
2. A trifling wound or pain, like that of the bite of a flea. Harvey.
Flea-bitten
Flea"-bit`ten (?), a.
1. Bitten by a flea; as, a flea-bitten face.
2. White, flecked with minute dots of bay or sorrel; -- said of the
color of a horse.
Fleagh
Fleagh (?), obs. imp. of Fly.
Fleak
Fleak (?), n. A flake; a thread or twist. [Obs.]
Little long fleaks or threads of hemp. Dr. H. More.
Fleaking
Fleak"ing, n. A light covering of reeds, over which the main covering
is laid, in thatching houses. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
Flea-louse
Flea"-louse` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A jumping plant louse of the family
Psyllid\'91, of many species. That of the pear tree is Psylla pyri.
Fleam
Fleam (?), n. [F. flamme, OF. flieme, fr. LL. flevotomum, phlebotomum;
cf. D. vlijm. See Phlebotomy.] (Surg. & Far.) A sharp instrument used
for opening veins, lancing gums, etc.; a kind of lancet. Fleam tooth,
a tooth of a saw shaped like an isosceles triangle; a peg tooth.
Knight.
Fleamy
Fleam"y (?), a. Bloody; clotted. [Obs. or Prov.]
Foamy bubbling of a fleamy brain. Marston.
Flear
Flear (?), v. t. & i. See Fleer.
Fleawort
Flea"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) An herb used in medicine (Plantago
Psyllium), named from the shape of its seeds. Loudon.
Fl\'8ache
Fl\'8ache (?), n. [F. fl\'8ache, prop., an arrow.] (Fort.) A simple
fieldwork, consisting of two faces forming a salient angle pointing
outward and open at the gorge.
Fleck
Fleck (?), n. A flake; also, a lock, as of wool. [Obs.] J. Martin.
Fleck
Fleck (?), n. [Cf. Icel. flekkr; akin to Sw. fl\'84ck, D. vlek, G.
fleck, and perh. to E. flitch.] A spot; a streak; a speckle. "A sunny
fleck." Longfellow.
Life is dashed with flecks of sin. tennyson.
Fleck
Fleck, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flecked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flecking.]
[Cf. Icel. flekka, Sw. fl\'84cka, D. vlekken, vlakken, G. flecken. See
Fleck, n.] To spot; to streak or stripe; to variegate; to dapple.
Both flecked with white, the true Arcadian strain. Dryden.
A bird, a cloud, flecking the sunny air. Trench.
Flecker
Fleck"er (?), v. t. To fleck. Johnson.
Fleckless
Fleck"less, a. Without spot or blame. [R.]
My consnience will not count me fleckless. Tennyson.
Flection
Flec"tion (?), n. [See Flexion.]
1. The act of bending, or state of being bent.
2. The variation of words by declension, comparison, or conjugation;
inflection.
Flectional
Flec"tion*al (?), a. Capable of, or pertaining to, flection or
inflection.
A flectional word is a phrase in the bud. Earle.
Flector
Flec"tor (?), n. A flexor.
Fled
Fled (?), imp. & p. p. of Flee.
Fledge
Fledge (?), a. [OE. flegge, flygge; akin to D. vlug, G. fl\'81gge,
fl\'81cke, OHG. flucchi, Icel. fleygr, and to E. fly. Fly, v. i.]
Feathered; furnished with feathers or wings; able to fly.
Hfledge with wings. Milton.
Fledge
Fledge, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Fledged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fledging.]
1. To furnish with feathers; to supply with the feathers necessary for
flight.
The birds were not as yet fledged enough to shift for themselves.
L'Estrange.
2. To furnish or adorn with any soft covering.
Your master, whose chin is not yet fledged. Shak.
Fledgeling
Fledge"ling (?), n. A young bird just fledged.
Flee
Flee (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fleeing.] [OE.
fleon, fleen, AS. fle\'a2n (imperf. fle\'a0h); akin to D. vlieden,
OHG. & OS. fliohan, G. fliehen, Icel. fl (imperf. fl), Dan. flye, Sw.
fly (imperf. flydde), Goth. pliuhan. (Flight.] To run away, as from
danger or evil; to avoid in an alarmed or cowardly manner; to hasten
off; -- usually with from. This is sometimes omitted, making the verb
transitive.
[He] cowardly fled, not having struck one stroke. Shak.
Flee fornication. 1 Cor. vi. 18.
So fled his enemies my warlike father. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Wh en gr eat speed is to be indicated, we commonly use
fly, not flee; as, fly hence to France with the utmost speed.
"Whither shall I fly to 'scape their hands?" Shak. See Fly, v. i.,
5.
Fleece
Fleece (?), n. [OE. flees, AS. fle\'a2s; akin to D. flies, vlies .]
1. The entire coat of wood that covers a sheep or other similar
animal; also, the quantity shorn from a sheep, or animal, at one time.
Who shore me Like a tame wether, all my precious fleece. Milton.
2. Any soft woolly covering resembling a fleece.
3. (Manuf.) The fine web of cotton or wool removed by the doffing
knife from the cylinder of a carding machine.
Fleece wool, wool shorn from the sheep. -- Golden fleece. See under
Golden.
Fleece
Fleece, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fleeced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fleecing.]
1. To deprive of a fleece, or natural covering of wool.
2. To strip of money or other property unjustly, especially by
trickery or frand; to bring to straits by oppressions and exactions.
Whilst pope and prince shared the wool betwixt them, the people
were finely fleeced. Fuller.
3. To spread over as with wool. [R.] Thomson.
Fleeced
Fleeced (?), a.
1. Furnished with a fleece; as, a sheep is well fleeced. Spenser.
2. Stripped of a fleece; plundered; robbed.
Fleeceless
Fleece"less (?), a. Without a fleece.
Fleecer
Flee"cer (?), n. One who fleeces or strips unjustly, especially by
trickery or fraund. Prynne.
Fleecy
Flee"cy (?), a. Covered with, made of, or resembling, a fleece.
"Fleecy flocks." Prior.
Fleen
Fleen (?), n. pl. Obs. pl. of Flea. Chaucer.
Fleer
Fle"er (?), n. One who flees. Ld. Berners.
Fleer
Fleer (?), [imp. & p. p. Fleered (; p. pr. & vb. n. Fleering.] [OE.
flerien; cf. Scot. fleyr, Norw. flira to titter, giggle, laugh at
nothing, MHG. vlerre, vlarre, a wide wound.]
1. To make a wry face in contempt, or to grin in scorn; to deride; to
sneer; to mock; to gibe; as, to fleer and flout.
To fleer and scorn at our solemnity. Shak.
2. To grin with an air of civility; to leer. [Obs.]
Grinning and fleering as though they went to a bear baiting.
Latimer.
Fleer
Fleer, v. t. To mock; to flout at. Beau. & Fl.
Flear
Flear, n.
1. A word or look of derision or mockery.
And mark the fleers, the gibes, and notable scorn. Shak.
2. A grin of civility; a leer. [Obs.]
A sly, treacherous fleer on the face of deceivers. South.
Fleerer
Fleer"er (?), n. One who fleers. Beau. & Fl.
Fleeringly
Fleer"ing*ly, adv. In a fleering manner.
Fleet
Fleet (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fleeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fleeting.]
[OE. fleten, fleoten, to swim, AS. fle\'a2tan to swim, float; akin to
D. vlieten to flow, OS. fliotan, OHG. fliozzan, G. fliessen, Icel.
flj&omac;ta to float, flow, Sw. flyta, D. flyde, L. pluere to rain,
Gr. plu to swim, sail. &root;84. Cf. Fleet, n. & a., Float, Pluvial,
Flow.]
1. To sail; to float. [Obs.]
And in frail wood on Adrian Gulf doth fleet. Spenser.
2. To fly swiftly; to pass over quickly; to hasten; to flit as a light
substance.
All the unaccomplished works of Nature's hand, . . . Dissolved on
earth, fleet hither. Milton.
3. (Naut.) To slip on the whelps or the barrel of a capstan or
windlass; -- said of a cable or hawser.
Fleet
Fleet, v. t.
1. To pass over rapidly; to skin the surface of; as, a ship that
fleets the gulf. Spenser.
2. To hasten over; to cause to pass away lighty, or in mirth and joy.
Many young gentlemen flock to him, and fleet the time carelessly.
Shak.
3. (Naut.) (a) To draw apart the blocks of; -- said of a tackle.
Totten. (b) To cause to slip down the barrel of a capstan or windlass,
as a rope or chain.
Fleet
Fleet, a. [Compar. Fleeter (?); superl. Fleetest.] [Cf. Icel. flj
quick. See Fleet, v. i.]
1. Swift in motion; moving with velocity; light and quick in going
from place to place; nimble.
In mail their horses clad, yet fleet and strong. Milton.
2. Light; superficially thin; not penetring deep, as soil. [Prov.
Eng.] Mortimer.
Fleet
Fleet, n. [OE. flete, fleote, AS. fle\'a2t ship, fr. fle\'a2tan to
float, swim. See Fleet, v. i. and cf. Float.] A number of vessels in
company, especially war vessels; also, the collective naval force of a
country, etc. Fleet captain, the senior aid of the admiral of a fleet,
when a captain. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Fleet
Fleet, n. [AS. fle\'a2t a place where vessels float, bay, river; akin
to D. vliet rill, brook, G. fliess. See Fleet, v. i.]
1. A flood; a creek or inlet; a bay or estuary; a river; -- obsolete,
except as a place name, -- as Fleet Street in London.
Together wove we nets to entrap the fish In floods and sedgy
fleets. Matthewes.
2. A former prison in London, which originally stood near a stream,
the Fleet (now filled up).
Fleet parson, a clergyman of low character, in, or in the vicinity of,
the Fleet prison, who was ready to unite persons in marriage (called
Fleet marriage) at any hour, without public notice, witnesses, or
consent of parents.
Fleet
Fleet (?), v. t. [AS. fl&emac;t cream, fr. fle\'a2tan to float. See
Fleet, v. i.] To take the cream from; to skim. [Prov. Eng.] Johnson.
Fleeten
Fleet"en (?), n. Fleeted or skimmed milk. [Obs.] Fleeten face, a face
of the color of fleeten, i. e., blanched; hence, a coward. "You know
where you are, you fleeten face." Beau. & Fl.
Fleet-foot
Fleet"-foot` (?), a. Swift of foot. Shak.
Fleeting
Fleet"ing, a. Passing swiftly away; not durable; transient;
transitory; as, the fleeting hours or moments. Syn. -- Evanescent;
ephemeral. See Transient.
Fleetingly
Fleet"ing*ly, adv. In a fleeting manner; swiftly.
Fleetings
Fleet"ings (?), n. pl. A mixture of buttermilk and boiling whey;
curds. [prov. Eng.] Wright.
Fleetly
Fleet"ly, adv. In a fleet manner; rapidly.
Fleetness
Fleet"ness, n. Swiftness; rapidity; velocity; celerity; speed; as, the
fleetness of a horse or of time.
Fleigh
Fleigh (?), obs. imp. of Fly. Chaucer.
Fleme
Fleme (?), v. t. [AS. fl&emac;man, fl&ymac;man.] To banish; to drive
out; to expel. [Obs.] "Appetite flemeth discretion." Chaucer.
Flemer
Flem"er (?), n. One who, or that which, banishes or expels. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Fleming
Flem"ing (?), n. A native or inhabitant of Flanders.
Flemish
Flem"ish (?), a. Pertaining to Flanders, or the Flemings. -- n. The
language or dialect spoken by the Flemings; also, collectively, the
people of Flanders. Flemish accounts (Naut.), short or deficient
accounts. [Humorous]Ham. Nav. Encyc. -- Flemish beauty (Bot.), a well
known pear. It is one of few kinds which have a red color on one side.
-- Flemish bond. (Arch.) See Bond, n., 8. -- Flemish brick, a hard
yellow paving brick. -- Flemish coil, a flat coil of rope with the end
in the center and the turns lying against, without riding over, each
other. -- Flemish eye (Naut.), an eye formed at the end of a rope by
dividing the strands and lying them over each other. -- Flemish horse
(Naut.), an additional footrope at the end of a yard.
Flench
Flench (?), v. t. Same as Flence.
Flense
Flense (?), v. t. [Cf. Dan. flense, D. vlensen, vlenzen, Scot.
flinch.] To strip the blubber or skin from, as from a whale, seal,
etc.
the flensed carcass of a fur seal. U. S. Census (1880).
Flesh
Flesh (?), n. [OE. flesch, flesc, AS. fl; akin to OFries. fl\'besk, D.
vleesch, OS. fl, OHG. fleisc, G. fleisch, Icel. & Dan. flesk lard,
bacon, pork, Sw. fl\'84sk.]
1. The aggregate of the muscles, fat, and other tissues which cover
the framework of bones in man and other animals; especially, the
muscles.
NOTE: &hand; In co mposition it is ma inly al buminous<--
proteinaceous-->, but contains in adition a large number of
crystalline bodies, such as creatin, xanthin, hypoxanthin, carnin,
etc. It is also rich in phosphate of potash.
2. Animal food, in distinction from vegetable; meat; especially, the
body of beasts and birds used as food, as distinguished from fish.
With roasted flesh, or milk, and wastel bread. Chaucer.
3. The human body, as distinguished from the soul; the corporeal
person.
As if this flesh, which walls about our life, Were brass
impregnable. Shak.
4. The human eace; mankind; humanity.
All flesh had corrupted his way upon the earth. Gen. vi. 12.
5. Human nature: (a) In a good sense, tenderness of feeling;
gentleness.
There is no flesh in man's obdurate heart. Cowper.
(b) In a bad sense, tendency to transient or physical pleasure; desire
for sensual gratification; carnality. (c) (Theol.) The character under
the influence of animal propensities or selfish passions; the soul
unmoved by spiritual influences.
6. Kindred; stock; race.
He is our brother and our flesh. Gen. xxxvii. 27.
7. The soft, pulpy substance of fruit; also, that part of a root,
fruit, and the like, which is fit to be eaten.
NOTE: &hand; Fl esh is of ten us ed adjectively or self-explaining
compounds; as, flesh broth or flesh-broth; flesh brush or
fleshbrush; flesh tint or flesh-tint; flesh wound.
After the flesh, after the manner of man; in a gross or earthly
manner. "Ye judge after the flesh." John viii. 15. -- An arm of flesh,
human strength or aid. -- Flesh and blood. See under Blood. -- Flesh
broth, broth made by boiling flesh in water. -- Flesh fly (Zo\'94l.),
one of several species of flies whose larv\'91 or maggots feed upon
flesh, as the bluebottle fly; -- called also meat fly, carrion fly,
and blowfly. See Blowly. -- Flesh meat, animal food. Swift. -- Flesh
side, the side of a skin or hide which was next to the flesh; --
opposed to grain side. -- Flesh tint (Painting), a color used in
painting to imitate the hue of the living body. -- Flesh worm
(Zo\'94l.), any insect larva of a flesh fly. See Flesh fly (above). --
Proud flesh. See under Proud. -- To be one flesh, to be closely united
as in marriage; to become as one person. Gen. ii. 24.
Flesh
Flesh, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fleshed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fleshing.]
1. To feed with flesh, as an incitement to further exertion; to
initiate; -- from the practice of training hawks and dogs by feeding
them with the first game they take, or other flesh. Hence, to use upon
flesh (as a murderous weapon) so as to draw blood, especially for the
first time.
Full bravely hast thou fleshed Thy maiden sword. Shak.
The wild dog Shall flesh his tooth on every innocent. Shak.
2. To glut; to satiate; hence, to harden, to accustom. "Fleshed in
triumphs." Glanvill.
Old soldiers Fleshed in the spoils of Germany and France. Beau. &
Fl.
3. (Leather Manufacture) To remove flesh, membrance, etc., from, as
from hides.
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Fleshed
Fleshed (?), a.
1. Corpulent; fat; having flesh.
2. Glutted; satiated; initiated.
Fleshed with slaughter. Dryden.
Flesher
Flesh"er (?), n.
1. A butcher.
A flesher on a block had laid his whittle down. Macaulay.
2. A two-handled, convex, blunt-edged knife, for scraping hides; a
fleshing knife.
Fleshhood
Flesh"hood (?), n. The state or condition of having a form of flesh;
incarnation. [R.]
Thou, who hast thyself Endured this fleshhood. Mrs. Browning.
Fleshiness
Flesh"i*ness (?), n. The state of being fleshy; plumpness; corpulence;
grossness. Milton.
Fleshings
Flesh"ings (?), n. pl. Flesh-colored tights, worn by actors dancers.
D. Jerrold.
Fleshless
Flesh"less, a. Destitute of flesh; lean. Carlyle.
Fleshliness
Flesh"li*ness (?), n. The state of being fleshly; carnal passions and
appetites. Spenser.
Fleshing
Flesh"ing (?), n. A person devoted to fleshly things. [Obs.] Spenser.
Fleshly
Flesh"ly (?), a. [AS.
1. Of or pertaining to the flesh; corporeal. "Fleshly bondage."
Denham.
2. Animal; not Dryden.
3. Human; not celestial; not spiritual or divine. "Fleshly wisdom." 2
Cor. i. 12.
Much ostentation vain of fleshly arm And fragile arms. Milton.
4. Carnal; wordly; lascivious.
Abstain from fleshly lusts, which war against the soul. 1 Pet. ii.
11.
Fleshly
Flesh"ly, adv. In a fleshly manner; carnally; lasciviously. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Fleshment
Flesh"ment (?), n. The act of fleshing, or the excitement attending a
successful beginning. [R.] Shak.
Fleshmonger
Flesh"mon`ger (?), n. [AS. .] One who deals in flesh; hence, a pimp; a
procurer; a pander. [R.] Shak.
Fleshpot
Flesh"pot` (?), n. A pot or vessel in which flesh is cooked; hence
(pl.), plenty; high living.
In the land of Egypt . . . we sat by the fleshpots, and . . . did
eat bread to the full. Ex. xvi. 3.
Fleshquake
Flesh"quake` (?), n. A quaking or trembling of the flesh; a quiver.
[Obs.] B. Jonson.
Fleshy
Flesh"y (?), a. [Compar. Fleshier (?); superl. Fleshiest (?).]
1. Full of, or composed of, flesh; plump; corpulent; fat; gross.
The sole of his foot is fleshy. Ray.
2. Human. [Obs.] "Fleshy tabernacle." Milton.
3. (Bot.) Composed of firm pulp; succulent; as, the houseleek, cactus,
and agave are fleshy plants.
Flet
Flet (?), p. p. of Fleet. Skimmed. [Obs.]
Fletch
Fletch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fletched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fletching.] [F. fl\'8ache arrow.] To feather, as an arrow. Bp.
Warburton.
[Congress] fletched their complaint, by adding: "America loved his
brother." Bancroft.
Fletcher
Fletch"er (?), n. [OF. flechier.] One who fletches of feathers arrows;
a manufacturer of bows and arrows. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Flete
Flete (?), v. i. [See Fleet, v. i.] To float; to swim. [Obs.] "Whether
I sink or flete." Chaucer.
Fletiferous
Fle*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. fletifer; fletus a weeping (from flere,
fletum, to weep) + ferre to bear.] Producing tears. [Obs.] Blount.
Fleur-de-lis
Fleur`-de-lis` (?), n.; pl. Fleurs-de-lis (#). [F., flower of the
lily. Cf. Flower-de-luce, Lily.]
1. (Bot.) The iris. See Flower-de-luce.
2. A conventional flower suggested by the iris, and having a form
which fits it for the terminal decoration of a scepter, the ornaments
of a crown, etc. It is also a heraldic bearing, and is identified with
the royal arms and adornments of France.
Fleury
Fleur"y (?), a. [F. fleuri covered with flowers, p.p. of fleurir. See
Flourish.] (Her.) Finished at the ends with fleurs-de-lis; -- said
esp. a cross so decorated.
Flew
Flew (?), imp. of Fly.
Flewed
Flewed (?), a. Having large flews. Shak.
Flews
Flews (?), n. pl. The pendulous or overhanging lateral parts of the
upper lip of dogs, especially prominent in hounds; -- called also
chaps. See Illust. of Bloodhound.
Flex
Flex (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flexed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flexing.]
[L. flexus, p.p. of flectere to bend, perh. flectere and akin to falx
sickle, E. falchion. Cf. Flinch.] To bend; as, to flex the arm.
Flex
Flex, n. Flax. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Flexanimous
Flex*an"i*mous (?), a. [L. flexanimus; flectere, flexum, to bend +
animus mind.] Having power to change the mind. [Obs.] Howell.
Flexibility
Flex`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. flexibilitas: cf. F. flexibilite.] The
state or quality of being flexible; flexibleness; pliancy; pliability;
as, the flexibility of strips of hemlock, hickory, whalebone or metal,
or of rays of light. Sir I. Newton.
All the flexibility of a veteran courtier. Macaulay.
Flexible
Flex"i*ble (?), a. [L. flexibilis: cf. F. flexible.]
1. Capable of being flexed or bent; admitting of being turned, bowed,
or twisted, without breaking; pliable; yielding to pressure; not stiff
or brittle.
When the splitting wind Makes flexible the knees of knotted oaks.
Shak.
2. Willing or ready to yield to the influence of others; not
invincibly rigid or obstinate; tractable; manageable; ductile; easy
and compliant; wavering.
Phocion was a man of great severity, and no ways flexible to the
will of the people. Bacon.
Women are soft, mild, pitiful, and flexible. Shak.
3. Capable or being adapted or molded; plastic,; as, a flexible
language.
This was a principle more flexible to their purpose. Rogers.
Syn. -- Pliant; pliable; supple; tractable; manageable; ductile;
obsequious; inconstant; wavering. -- Flex"i*ble*ness, n. --
Flex"i*bly, adv.
Flexicostate
Flex`i*cos"tate (?), a. [L. flexus bent + E. costate.] (Anat.) Having
bent or curved ribs.
Flexile
Flex"ile (?), a. [L. flexilis.] Flexible; pliant; pliable; easily
bent; plastic; tractable. Wordsworth.
Flexion
Flex"ion (?), n. [L. flexio: cf. F. flexion.]
1. The act of flexing or bending; a turning.
2. A bending; a part bent; a fold. Bacon.
3. (Gram.) Syntactical change of form of words, as by declension or
conjugation; inflection.
Express the syntactical relations by flexion. Sir W. Hamilton.
4. (Physiol.) The bending of a limb or joint; that motion of a joint
which gives the distal member a continually decreasing angle with the
axis of the proximal part; -- distinguished from extension.
Flexor
Flex"or (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) A muscle which bends or flexes any part;
as, the flexors of the arm or the hand; -- opposed to extensor.
Flexuose
Flex"u*ose` (?; 135), a. Flexuous.
Flexuous
Flex"u*ous (?), a. [L. flexuosus, fr. flexus a bending, turning.]
1. Having turns, windings, or flexures.
2. (Bot.) Having alternate curvatures in opposite directions; bent in
a zigzag manner.
3. Wavering; not steady; flickering. Bacon.
Flexural
Flex"u*ral (?), a. [From Flexure.] Of, pertaining to, or resulting
from, flexure; of the nature of, or characterized by, flexure; as,
flexural elasticity.
Flexure
Flex"ure (?; 135), n. [L. flexura.]
1. The act of flexing or bending; a turning or curving; flexion;
hence, obsequious bowing or bending.
Will it give place to flexure and low bending? Shak.
2. A turn; a bend; a fold; a curve.
Varying with the flexures of the valley through which it meandered.
British Quart. Rev.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The last joint, or bend, of the wing of a bird.
4. (Astron.) The small distortion of an astronomical instrument caused
by the weight of its parts; the amount to be added or substracted from
the observed readings of the instrument to correct them for this
distortion.
The flexure of a curve (Math.), the bending of a curve towards or from
a straight line.
Flibbergib
Flib"ber*gib (?), n. A sycophant. [Obs. & Humorous.] "Flatterers and
flibbergibs." Latimer.
Flibbertigibbet
Flib"ber*ti*gib`bet (?), n. An imp. Shak.
Flibustier
Fli`bus`tier" (?), n. [F.] A buccaneer; an American pirate. See
Flibuster. [Obs.]
Flick
Flick (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flicked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flicking.]
[Cf. Flicker.] To whip lightly or with a quick jerk; to flap; as, to
flick a horse; to flick the dirt from boots. Thackeray.
Flick
Flick, n. A flitch; as, a flick of bacon.
Flicker
Flick"er (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flickered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Flickering.] [OE. flikeren, flekeren, to flutter, AS. flicerian,
flicorian, cf. D. flikkeren to sparkle. Flacker.]
1. To flutter; to flap the wings without flying.
And flickering on her nest made short essays to sing. Dryden.
2. To waver unsteadily, like a flame in a current of air, or when
about to expire; as, the flickering light.
The shadows flicker to fro. Tennyson.
Flicker
Flick"er, n.
1. The act of wavering or of fluttering; flucuation; sudden and brief
increase of brightness; as, the last flicker of the dying flame.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The golden-winged woodpecker (Colaptes aurutus); -- so
called from its spring note. Called also yellow-hammer, high-holder,
pigeon woodpecker, and yucca.
The cackle of the flicker among the oaks. Thoureau.
Flickeringly
Flick"ering*ly, adv. In a flickering manner.
Flickermouse
Flick"er*mouse` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Flittermouse.
Flidge
Flidge (?), a. Fledged; fledge. [Obs.] Holland.
Flidge
Flidge, v. i. To become fledged; to fledge. [Obs.]
Every day build their nests, every hour flidge. R. Greene.
Flier
Fli"er (?), n. [Form Fly, v.; cf. Flyer]
1. One who flies or flees; a runaway; a fugitive. Shak.
2. (Mach.) A fly. See Fly, n., 9, and 13 (b).
3. (Spinning) See Flyer, n., 5.
4. (Arch.) See Flyer, n., 4.
Flight
Flight (?), n. [AS. fliht, flyht, a flying, fr. fle\'a2gan to fly; cf.
flyht a fleeing, fr. fle\'a2n to flee, G. flucht a fleeing, Sw. flykt,
G. flug a flying, Sw. flygt, D. vlugt a fleeing or flying, Dan. flugt.
&root;84. See Flee, Fly.]
1. The act or flying; a passing through the air by the help of wings;
volitation; mode or style of flying.
Like the night owl's lazy flight. Shak.
2. The act of fleeing; the act of running away, to escape or expected
evil; hasty departure.
Pray ye that your flight be not in the winter. Matt. xxiv. 20.
Fain by flight to save themselves. Shak.
3. Lofty elevation and excursion;a mounting; a soaas, a flight of
imagination, ambition, folly.
Could he have kept his spirit to that flight, He had been happy.
Byron.
His highest flights were indeed far below those of Taylor.
Macaulay.
4. A number of beings or things passing through the air together;
especially, a flock of birds flying in company; the birds that fly or
migrate together; the birds produced in one season; as, a flight of
arrows. Swift.
Swift flights of angels ministrant. Milton.
Like a flight of fowl Scattered winds and tempestuous gusts. Shak.
5. A series of steps or stairs from one landing to another. Parker.
6. A kind of arrow for the longbow; also, the sport of shooting with
it. See Shaft. [Obs.]
Challenged Cupid at the flight. Shak.
Not a flight drawn home E'er made that haste that they have. Beau.
& Fl.
7. The husk or glume of oats. [Prov. Eng.] Wright. <-- 8. a trip made
by or in a flying vehicle, as an airplane, spacecraft, or aeronautical
balloon. 9. A scheduled flight{8} --
to take a flight{9}. --> Flight feathers (Zo\'94l.), the wing feathers
of a bird, including the quills, coverts, and bastard wing. See Bird.
-- To put to flight, To turn to flight, to compel to run away; to
force to flee; to rout. Syn. -- Pair; set. See Pair.
Flighted
Flight"ed (?), a.
1. Taking flight; flying; -- used in composition. "Drowsy-flighted
steeds." Milton.
2. (Her.) Feathered; -- said of arrows.
Flighter
Flight"er (?), n. (Brewing) A horizontal vane revolving over the
surface of wort in a cooler, to produce a circular current in the
liquor. Knight.
Flightily
Flight"i*ly (?), adv. In a flighty manner.
Flightiness
Flight"i*ness, n. The state or quality of being flighty.
The flightness of her temper. Hawthorne.
Syn. -- Levity; giddiness; volatility; lightness; wildness;
eccentricity. See Levity.
Flight-shot
Flight"-shot` (?), n. The distance to which an arrow or flight may be
shot; bowshot, -- about the fifth of a mile. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Within a flight-shot it inthe valley. Evelyn.
Half a flight-shot from the king's oak. Sir W. Scott.
Flighty
Flight"y (?), a.
1. Fleeting; swift; transient.
The flighty purpose never is o'ertook, Unless the deed go with it.
Shak.
2. Indulging in flights, or wild and unrestrained sallies, of
imagination, humor, caprice, etc.; given to disorder
Proofs of my flighty and paradoxical turn of mind. Coleridge.
A harsh disciplinarian and a flighty enthusiast. J. S. Har
Flimflam
Flim"flam (?), n. [Cf. Flam.] A freak; a trick; a lie. Beau. & Fl.
Flimsily
Flim"si*ly (?), adv. In a flimsy manner.
Flimsiness
Flim"si*ness, n. The state or quality of being flimsy.
Flimsy
Flim"sy (?), a. [Compar. Flimsier (?); superl. Flimsiest.] [Cf. W.
llumsi naked, bare, empty, slouggish, spiritless. Cf. Limsy.] Weak;
feeble; limp; slight; vain; without strength or solidity; of loose and
unsubstantial structure; without reason or plausibility; as, a flimsy
argument, excuse, objection.
Proud of a vast extent of flimsy lines. Pope.
All the flimsy furniture of a country miss's brain. Sheridan.
Syn. -- Weak; feeble; superficial; shallow; vain.
Flimsy
Flim"sy, n.
1. Thin or transfer paper.
2. A bank note. [Slang, Eng.]
Flinch
Flinch (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flinched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Flinching.] [Prob. fr. OE. flecchen to waver, give way, F. fl\'82chir,
fr. L. flectere to bend; but prob. influenced by E. blench. Cf. Flex.]
1. To withdraw from any suffering or undertaking, from pain or danger;
to fail in doing or perserving; to show signs of yielding or of
suffering; to shrink; to wince; as, one of the parties flinched from
the combat.
A child, by a constant course of kindness, may be accustomed to
bear very rough usage without flinching or complaining. Locke.
2. (Croquet) To let the foot slip from a ball, when attempting to give
a tight croquet.
Flinch
Flinch, n. The act of flinching.
Flincher
Flinch"er (?), n.One who flinches or fails.
Flinchingly
Flinch"ing*ly, adv. In a flinching manner.
Flindermouse
Flin"der*mouse` (?), n.[OE. vlindre moth (cf. D. vlinder butterfly) +
E. mouse. Cf. Flittermouse, Flinders.] (Zo\'94l.) A bat; a
flittermouse.
Flinders
Flin"ders (?), n. pl. [Scot. flenders, flendris; perh. akin to E.
flutter; cf. D. flenters rags, broken pieces.] Small pieces or
splinters; fragments.
The tough ash spear, so stout and true, Into a thousand flinders
flew. Sir W. Scott.
Fling
Fling (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flung (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flinging.]
[OE. flingen, flengen, to rush, hurl; cf. Icel. flengia to whip, ride
furiously, OSw. flenga to strike, Sw. fl\'84nga to romp, Dan. flenge
to slash.]
1. To cast, send, to throw from the hand; to hurl; to dart; to emit
with violence as if thrown from the hand; as, to fing a stone into the
pond.
'T is Fate that flings the dice: and, as she flings, Of kings makes
peasants, and of peasants kings. Dryden.
He . . . like Jove, his lighting flung. Dryden.
I know thy generous temper well. Fling but the appearance of
dishonor on it, It straight takes fire. Addison.
2. To shed forth; to emit; to scatter.
The sun begins to fling His flaring beams. Milton.
Every beam new transient colors flings. Pope.
3. To throw; to hurl; to throw off or down; to prostrate; hence, to
baffle; to defeat; as, to fling a party in litigation.
His horse started, flung him, and fell upon him. Walpole.
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To fling about, to throw on all sides; to scatter. -- To fling away,
to reject; to discard.
Cromwell, I charge thee, fling away ambition. Shak.
--To fling down. (a) To throw to the ground; esp., to throw in
defiance, as formerly knights cast a glove into the arena as a
challenge.
This question so flung down before the guests, . . . Was handed
over by consent of all To me who had not spoken. Tennyson.
(b) To overturn; to demolish; to ruin. -- To fling in, to throw in;
not to charge in an account; as, in settling accounts, one party
flings in a small sum, or a few days' work. -- To fling off, to baffle
in the chase; to defeat of prey; also, to get rid of. Addison. -- To
fling open, to throw open; to open suddenly or with violence; as, to
fling open a door. -- To fling out, to utter; to speak in an abrupt or
harsh manner; as, to fling out hard words against another. -- To fling
up, to relinquish; to abandon; as, to fling up a design.
Fling
Fling (?), v. i.
1. To throw; to wince; to flounce; as, the horse began to kick and
fling.
2. To cast in the teeth; to utter abusive language; to sneer; as, the
scold began to flout and fling.
3. To throw one's self in a violent or hasty manner; to rush or spring
with violence or haste.
And crop-full, out of doors he flings. Milton.
I flung closer to his breast, As sword that, after battle, flings
to sheath. Mrs. Browning.
To fling out, to become ugly and intractable; to utter sneers and
insinuations.
Fling
Fling, n.
1. A cast from the hand; a throw; also, a flounce; a kick; as, the
fling of a horse.
2. A severe or contemptuous remark; an expression of sarcastic scorn;
a gibe; a sarcasm.
I, who love to have a fling, Both at senate house and king. Swift.
3. A kind of dance; as, the Highland fling.
4. A trifing matter; an object of contempt. [Obs.]
England were but a fling Save for the crooked stick and the gray
goose wing. Old Proverb.
To have one's fling, to enjoy one's self to the full; to have a season
of dissipation. J. H. Newman. "When I was as young as you, I had my
fling. I led a life of pleasure." D. Jerrold.
Flingdust
Fling"dust` (?), n. One who kicks up the dust; a streetwalker; a low
manner. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Flinger
Fling"er (?), n. One who flings; one who jeers.
Flint
Flint (?), n. [AS. flint, akin to Sw. flinta, Dan. flint; cf. OHG.
flins flint, G. flinte gun (cf. E. flintlock), perh. akin to Gr.
Plinth.]
1. (Min.) A massive, somewhat impure variety of quartz, in color
usually of a gray to brown or nearly black, breaking with a conchoidal
fracture and sharp edge. It is very hard, and strikes fire with steel.
2. A piece of flint for striking fire; -- formerly much used, esp. in
the hammers of gun locks.
3. Anything extremely hard, unimpressible, and unyielding, like flint.
"A heart of flint." Spenser.
Flint age. (Geol.) Same as Stone age, under Stone. -- Flint brick, a
fire made principially of powdered silex. -- Flint glass. See in the
Vocabulary. -- Flint implements (Arch\'91ol.), tools, etc., employed
by men before the use of metals, such as axes, arrows, spears, knives,
wedges, etc., which were commonly made of flint, but also of granite,
jade, jasper, and other hard stones. -- Flint mill. (a) (Pottery) A
mill in which flints are ground. (b) (Mining) An obsolete appliance
for lighting the miner at his work, in which flints on a revolving
wheel were made to produce a shower of sparks, which gave light, but
did not inflame the fire damp. Knight. -- Flint stone, a hard,
siliceous stone; a flint. -- Flint wall, a kind of wall, common in
England, on the face of which are exposed the black surfaces of broken
flints set in the mortar, with quions of masonry. -- Liquor of flints,
a solution of silica, or flints, in potash. -- To skin a flint, to be
capable of, or guilty of, any expedient or any meanness for making
money. [Colloq.]
Flint glass
Flint" glass` (?). (Chem.) A soft, heavy, brilliant glass, consisting
essentially of a silicate of lead and potassium. It is used for
tableware, and for optical instruments, as prisms, its density giving
a high degree of dispersive power; -- so called, because formerly the
silica was obtained from pulverized flints. Called also crystal glass.
Cf. Glass.
NOTE: &hand; The concave or diverging half on an achromatic lens is
usually made of flint glass.
Flint-hearted
Flint"-heart`ed (?), a. Hard-hearted. Shak.
Flintiness
Flint"i*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being flinty; hardness;
cruelty. Beau. & Fl.
Flintlock
Flint"lock` (?), n.
1. A lock for a gun or pistol, having a flint fixed in the hammer,
which on stricking the steel ignites the priming.
2. A hand firearm fitted with a flintlock; esp., the old-fashioned
musket of European and other armies.
Flintware
Flint"ware` (?), n. A superior kind of earthenware into whose
composition flint enters largely. Knight.
Flintwood
Flint"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) An Australian name for the very hard wood
of the Eucalyptus piluralis.
Flinty
Flint"y (?), a. [Compar. Flintier (?); superl. Flintiest.] Consisting
of, composed of, abounding in, or resembling, flint; as, a flinty
rock; flinty ground; a flinty heart. Flinty rockFlinty state, a
siliceous slate; -- basanite is here included. See Basanite.
Flip
Flip (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E. flip nimble, flippant, also, a slight blow.
Cf. Flippant.] A mixture of beer, spirit, etc., stirred and heated by
a hot iron. Flip dog, an iron used, when heated, to warm flip.
Flip
Flip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flipping.] To
toss or fillip; as, to flip up a cent.
As when your little ones Do 'twixt their fingers flip their cherry
stones. W. Browne.
Flipe
Flipe (?), v. t. To turn inside out, or with the leg part back over
the foot, as a stocking in pulling off or for putting on. [Scot.]
Flip-flap
Flip"-flap` (?), n. [See Flip, and Flap.] The repeated stroke of
something long and loose. Johnson.
Flip-flap
Flip"-flap`, adv. With repeated strokes and noise, as of something
long and loose. Ash.
Flippancy
Flip"pan*cy (?), n.[See Flippant.] The state or quality of being
flippant.
This flippancy of language. Bp. Hurd.
Flippant
Flip"pant (?), a. [Prov. E. flip to move nimbly; cf. W. llipa soft,
limber, pliant, or Icel. fleipa to babble, prattle. Cf. Flip, Fillip,
Flap, Flipper.]
1. Of smooth, fluent, and rapid speech; speaking with ease and
rapidity; having a voluble tongue; talkative.
It becometh good men, in such cases, to be flippant and free in
their speech. Barrow.
2. Speaking fluently and confidently, without knowledge or
consideration; empty; trifling; inconsederate; pert; petulant.
"Flippant epilogous." Thomson.
To put flippant scorn to the blush. I. Taylor.
A sort of flippant, vain discourse. Burke.
Flippant
Flip"pant, n. A flippant person. [R.] Tennyson.
Flippantly
Flip"pant*ly, adv. In a flippant manner.
Flippantness
Flip"pant*ness, n. State or quality of being flippant.
Flipper
Flip"per (?), n. [Cf. Flip, Flippant.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A broad flat limb used for swimming, as those of seals,
sea turtles, whales, etc.
2. (Naut.) The hand. [Slang]
Flirt
Flirt (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flirted; p. pr. & vb. n. Flirting.]
[Cf. AS. fleard trifle, folly, fleardian to trifle.]
1. To throw with a jerk or quick effort; to fling suddenly; as, they
flirt water in each other's faces; he flirted a glove, or a
handkerchief.
2. To toss or throw about; to move playfully to and fro; as, to flirt
a fan.
3. To jeer at; to treat with contempt; to mock. [Obs.]
I am ashamed; I am scorned; I am flirted. Beau. & Fl.
Flirt
Flirt, v. i.
1. To run and dart about; to act with giddiness, or from a desire to
attract notice; especially, to play the coquette; to play at
courtship; to coquet; as, they flirt with the young men.
2. To utter contemptious language, with an air of disdain; to jeer or
gibe. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Flirt
Flirt, n.
1. A sudden jerk; a quick throw or cast; a darting motion; hence, a
jeer.
Several little flirts and vibrations. Addison.
With many a flirt and flutter. E. A. Poe.
2. [Cf. LG. flirtje, G. flirtchen. See Flirt, v. t.] One who flirts;
esp., a woman who acts with giddiness, or plays at courtship; a
coquette; a pert girl.
Several young flirts about town had a design to cast us out of the
fashionable world. Addison.
Flirt
Flirt, a. Pert; wanton. [Obs.]
Flirtation
Flir*ta"tion (?), n.
1. Playing at courtship; coquerty.
The flirtations and jealousies of our ball rooms. Macaulay.
Flirt-gill
Flirt"-gill` (?), n. A woman of light behavior; a gill-flirt. [Obs.]
Shak.
You heard him take me up like a flirt-gill. Beau. & Fl.
Flirtigig
Flirt"i*gig (?), n. A wanton, pert girl. [Obs.]
Flirtingly
Flirt"ing*ly, adv. In a flirting manner.
Flisk
Flisk (?), v. i. To frisk; to skip; to caper. [Obs. Scot.] "The
flisking flies." Gosson.
Flisk
Flisk, n. A caper; a spring; a whim. [Scot.]
Flit
Flit (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flitted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flitting
(?).] [OE. flitten, flutten, to carry away; cf. Icel. flytja, Sw.
flytta, Dan. flytte. Fleet, v. i.]
1. To move with celerity through the air; to fly away with a rapid
motion; to dart along; to fleet; as, a bird flits away; a cloud flits
along.
A shadow flits before me. Tennyson.
2. To flutter; to rove on the wing. Dryden.
3. To pass rapidly, as a light substance, from one place to another;
to remove; to migrate.
It became a received opinion, that the souls of men, departing this
life, did flit out of one body into some other. Hooker.
4. To remove from one place or habitation to another. [Scot. & Prov.
Eng.] Wright. Jamieson.
5. To be unstable; to be easily or often moved.
And the free soul to flitting air resigned. Dryden.
Flit
Flit, a. Nimble; quick; swift. [Obs.] See Fleet.
Flitch
Flitch (?), n.; pl. Flitches (#). [OE. flicche, flikke, AS. flicce,
akin to Icel. flikki; cf. Icel. fl\'c6k flap, tatter; perh. akin to E.
fleck. Cf. Flick, n.]
1. The side of a hog salted and cured; a side of bacon. Swift.
2. One of several planks, smaller timbers, or iron plates, which are
secured together, side by side, to make a large girder or built beam.
3. The outside piece of a sawed log; a slab. [Eng.]
Flite
Flite (?), v. i. [AS. fl\'c6tan to strive, contend, quarrel; akin to
G. fleiss industry.] To scold; to quarrel. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.
Flitter
Flit"ter (?), v. i. To flutter. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Flitter
Flit"ter, v. t. To flutter; to move quickly; as, to flitter the cards.
[R.] Lowell.
Flitter
Flit"ter, n. [Cf. G. flitter spangle, tinsel, flittern to make a
tremulous motion, to glitter. Cf. Flitter, v. i.] A rag; a tatter; a
small piece or fragment.
Flittermouse
Flit"ter*mouse` (?), n. [Flitter, v.i. + mouse; cf. G. fledermaus,
OHG. fledarm. Cf. Flickermouse, Flindermouse.] (Zo\'94l.) A bat; --
called also flickermouse, flindermouse, and flintymouse.
Flittern
Flit"tern (?), a.A term applied to the bark obtained from young oak
trees. McElrath.
Flittiness
Flit"ti*ness (?), n. [From Flitty.] Unsteadiness; levity; lightness.
[Obs.] Bp. Hopkins.
Flitting
Flit"ting (?), n.
1. A flying with lightness and celerity; a fluttering.
2. A removal from one habitation to another. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
A neighbor had lent his cart for the flitting, and it was now
standing loaded at the door, ready to move away. Jeffrey.
Flittingly
Flit"ting*ly, adv.In a flitting manner.
Flitty
Flit"ty (?), a. [From Flit.] Unstable; fluttering. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Flix
Flix (?), n. [Cf. Flax.] Down; fur. [Obs. or Eng.] J. Dyer.
Flix
Flix, n.The flux; dysentery. [Obs.] Udall. Flix weed (Bot.), the
Sisymbrium Sophia, a kind of hedge mustard, formerly used as a remedy
for dysentery.
Flo
Flo (?), n.; pl. Flon (#). [AS. fl\'be, fl\'ben.] An arrow. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Float
Float (?), n.[OE. flote ship, boat, fleet, AS. flota ship, fr.
fle\'a2tan to float; akin to D. vloot fleet, G. floss raft, Icel.
floti float, raft, fleet, Sw. flotta. &root; 84. See Fleet, v. i., and
cf. Flotilla, Flotsam, Plover.]
1. Anything which floats or rests on the surface of a fluid, as to
sustain weight, or to indicate the height of the surface, or mark the
place of, something. Specifically: (a) A mass of timber or boards
fastened together, and conveyed down a stream by the current; a raft.
(b) The hollow, metallic ball of a self-acting faucet, which floats
upon the water in a cistern or boiler. (c) The cork or quill used in
angling, to support the bait line, and indicate the bite of a fish.
(d) Anything used to buoy up whatever is liable to sink; an inflated
bag or pillow used by persons learning to swim; a life preserver.
This reform bill . . . had been used as a float by the conservative
ministry. J. P. Peters.
2. A float board. See Float board (below).
3. (Tempering) A contrivance for affording a copious stream of water
to the heated surface of an object of large bulk, as an anvil or die.
Knight.
4. The act of flowing; flux; flow. [Obs.] Bacon.
5. A quantity of earth, eighteen feet square and one foot deep. [Obs.]
Mortimer.
6. (Plastering) The trowel or tool with which the floated coat of
plastering is leveled and smoothed.
7. A polishing block used in marble working; a runner. Knight.
8. A single-cut file for smoothing; a tool used by shoemakers for
rasping off pegs inside a shoe.
9. A coal cart. [Eng.] Simmonds.
10. The sea; a wave. See Flote, n.
Float board, one of the boards fixed radially to the rim of an
undershot water wheel or of a steamer's paddle wheel; -- a vane. --
Float case (Naut.), a caisson used for lifting a ship. -- Float copper
OR gold (Mining), fine particles of metallic copper or of gold
suspended in water, and thus liable to be lost. -- Float ore,
water-worn particles of ore; fragments of vein material found on the
surface, away from the vein outcrop. Raymond. -- Float stone (Arch.),
a siliceous stone used to rub stonework or brickwork to a smooth
surface. -- Float valve, a valve or cock acted upon by a float. See
Float, 1 (b).
Float
Float, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Floated; p. pr. & vb. n. Floating.] [OE.
flotien, flotten, AS. flotian to float, swim, fr. fle\'a2tan. See
Float, n.]
1. To rest on the surface of any fluid; to swim; to be buoyed up.
The ark no more now floats, but seems on ground. Milton.
Three blustering nights, borne by the southern blast, I floated.
Dryden.
2. To move quietly or gently on the water, as a raft; to drift along;
to move or glide without effort or impulse on the surface of a fluid,
or through the air.
They stretch their broad plumes and float upon the wind. Pope.
There seems a floating whisper on the hills. Byron.
Float
Float, v. t.
1. To cause to float; to cause to rest or move on the surface of a
fluid; as, the tide floated the ship into the harbor.
Had floated that bell on the Inchcape rock. Southey.
2. To flood; to overflow; to cover with water.
Proud Pactolus floats the fruitful lands. Dryden.
3. (Plastering) To pass over and level the surface of with a float
while the plastering is kept wet.
4. To support and sustain the credit of, as a commercial scheme or a
joint-stock company, so as to enable
Floatable
Float"a*ble (?), a. That may be floated.
Floatage
Float"age (?; 48), n. Same as Flotage.
Floatation
Float*a"tion (?), n.See Flotation.
Floater
Float"er (?), n.
1. One who floats or swims.
2. A float for indicating the height of a liquid surface.
Floating
Float"ing, a.
1. Buoyed upon or in a fluid; a, the floating timbers of a wreck;
floating motes in the air.
2. Free or lose from the usual attachment; as, the floating ribs in
man and some other animals.
3. Not funded; not fixed, invested, or determined; as, floating
capital; a floating debt.
Trade was at an end. Floating capital had been withdrawn in great
masses from the island. Macaulay.
Floating anchor (Naut.), a drag or sea anchor; drag sail. -- Floating
battery (Mil.), a battery erected on rafts or the hulls of ships,
chiefly for the defense of a coast or the bombardment of a place. --
Floating bridge. (a) A bridge consisting of rafts or timber, with a
floor of plank, supported wholly by the water; a bateau bridge. See
Bateau. (b) (Mil.) A kind of double bridge, the upper one projecting
beyond the lower one, and capable of being moved forward by pulleys;
-- used for carrying troops over narrow moats in attacking the
outworks of a fort. (c) A kind of ferryboat which is guided and
impelled by means of chains which are anchored on each side of a
stream, and pass over wheels on the vessel, the wheels being driven by
stream power. (d) The landing platform of a ferry dock. -- Floating
cartilage (Med.), a cartilage which moves freely in the cavity of a
joint, and often interferes with the functions of the latter. --
Floating dam. (a) An anchored dam. (b) A caisson used as a gate for a
dry dock. -- Floating derrick, a derrick on a float for river and
harbor use, in raising vessels, moving stone for harbor improvements,
etc. -- Floating dock. (Naut.) See under Dock. -- Floating harbor, a
breakwater of cages or booms, anchored and fastened together, and used
as a protection to ships riding at anchor to leeward. Knight. --
Floating heart (Bot.), a small aquatic plant (Limnanthemum lacunosum)
whose heart-shaped leaves float on the water of American ponds. --
Floating island, a dish for dessert, consisting of custard with
floating masses of whipped cream or white of eggs. -- Floating kidney.
(Med.) See Wandering kidney, under Wandering. -- Floating light, a
light shown at the masthead of a vessel moored over sunken rocks,
shoals, etc., to warn mariners of danger; a light-ship; also, a light
erected on a buoy or floating stage. -- Floating liver. (Med.) See
Wandering liver, under Wandering. -- Floating pier, a landing stage or
pier which rises and falls with the tide. -- Floating ribs (Anat.),
the lower or posterior ribs which are not connected with the others in
front; in man they are the last two pairs. -- Floating screed
(Plastering), a strip of plastering first laid on, to serve as a guide
for the thickness of the coat. -- Floating threads (Weaving), threads
which span several other threads without being interwoven with them,
in a woven fabric.
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Floating
Float"ing (?), n.
1. (Weaving) Floating threads. See Floating threads, above.
2. The second coat of three-coat plastering. Knight.
Floatingly
Float"ing*ly, adv. In a floating manner.
Floaty
Float"y (?), a. Swimming on the surface; buoyant; light. Sir W.
Raleigh.
Flobert
Flo"bert (?), n. (Gun.) A small cartridge designed for target
shooting; -- sometimes called ball cap. Flobert rifle, a rifle adapted
to the use of floberts.
Floccillation
Floc`cil*la"tion (?), n. [L. floccus a flock of wool. Cf. Flock of
wool.] (Med.) A delirious picking of bedclothes by a sick person, as
if to pick off flocks of wool; carphology; -- an alarming symptom in
acute diseases. Dunglison.
Floc/cose
Floc/cose" (?), a. [L. floccosus. Cf. 2d Flock, n.]
1. Spotted with small tufts like wool. Wright.
2. (Bot.) Having tufts of soft hairs, which are often deciduous.
Floccular
Floc"cu*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the flocculus.
Flocculate
Floc"cu*late (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flocculated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Flocculating.] (Geol.) To aggregate into small lumps.
Flocculate
Floc"cu*late (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Furnished with tufts of curly hairs,
as some insects.
Flocculation
Floc`cu*la"tion (?), n. (Geol.) The process by which small particles
of fine soils and sediments aggregate into larger lumps.
Flocculence
Floc"cu*lence (?), n. The state of being flocculent.
Flocculent
Floc"cu*lent (?), a. [See Flock of wool.]
1. Clothed with small flocks or flakes; woolly. Gray.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Applied to the down of newly hatched or unfledged birds.
Flocculus
Floc"cu*lus (?), n.; pl. Flocculi (#). [NL., dim. of L. floccus a lock
or flock of wool.] (Anat.) A small lobe in the under surface of the
cerebellum, near the middle peduncle; the subpeduncular lobe.
Floccus
Floc"cus (?), n.; pl. Flocci (#). [L., a flock of wool.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The tuft of hair terminating the tail of mammals.
(b) A tuft of feathers on the head of young birds.
2. (Bot.) A woolly filament sometimes occuring with the sporules of
certain fungi.
Flock
Flock (?), n. [AS. flocc flock, company; akin to Icel. flokkr crowd,
Sw. flock, Dan. flok; prob. orig. used of flows, and akin to E. fly.
See Fly.]
1. A company or collection of living creatures; -- especially applied
to sheep and birds, rarely to persons or (except in the plural) to
cattle and other large animals; as, a flock of ravenous fowl. Milton.
The heathen . . . came to Nicanor by flocks. 2 Macc. xiv. 14.
2. A Christian church or congregation; considered in their relation to
the pastor, or minister in charge.
As half amazed, half frighted all his flock. Tennyson.
Flock
Flock, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flocked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flocking.] To
gather in companies or crowds.
Friends daily flock. Dryden.
Flocking fowl (Zo\'94l.), the greater scaup duck.
Flock
Flock, v. t. To flock to; to crowd. [Obs.]
Good fellows, trooping, flocked me so. Taylor (1609).
Flock
Flock, n. [OE. flokke; cf. D. vlok, G. flocke, OHG. floccho, Icel. fl,
perh. akin to E. flicker, flacker, or cf. L. floccus, F. floc.]
1. A lock of wool or hair.
I prythee, Tom, beat Cut's saddle, put a few flocks in the point
[pommel]. Shak.
2. Woolen or cotton refuse (sing. OR pl.), old rags, etc., reduced to
a degree of fineness by machinery, and used for stuffing unpholstered
furniture.
3. Very fine, sifted, woolen refuse, especially that from shearing the
nap of cloths, used as a coating for wall paper to give it a velvety
or clothlike appearance; also, the dust of vegetable fiber used for a
similar purpose.
Flock bed, a bed filled with flocks or locks of coarse wool, or pieces
of cloth cut up fine. "Once a flock bed, but repaired with straw."
Pope. -- Flock paper, paper coated with flock fixed with glue or size.
Flock
Flock, v. t. To coat with flock, as wall paper; to roughen the surface
of (as glass) so as to give an appearance of being covered with fine
flock.
Flockling
Flock"ling, n. A lamb. [Obs.] Brome (1659).
Flockly
Flock"ly, adv. In flocks; in crowds. [Obs.]
Flockmel
Flock"mel (?), adv. [AS. flocm. See Meal part.] In a flock; in a body.
[Obs.]
That flockmel on a day they to him went. Chaucer.
Flocky
Flock"y, a. Abounding with flocks; floccose.
Floe
Floe (?), n. [Cf. Dan. flag af iis, iisflage, Sw. flaga, flake,
isflaga, isflake. See Flag a flat stone.] A low, flat mass of floating
ice. Floe rat (Zo\'94l.), a seal (Phoca f\'d2tida).
Flog
Flog (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flogged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flogging
(?).] [Cf. Scot. fleg blow, stroke, kick, AS. flocan to strike, or
perh. fr. L. flagellare to whip. Cf. Flagellate.] To beat or strike
with a rod or whip; to whip; to lash; to chastise with repeated blows.
Flogger
Flog"ger (?), n.
1. One who flogs.
2. A kind of mallet for beating the bung stave of a cask to start the
bung. Knight.
Flogging
Flog"ging (?), a. & n. from Flog, v. t. Flogging chisel (Mach.), a
large cold chisel, used in chipping castings. -- Flogging hammer, a
small sledge hammer used for striking a flogging chisel.
Flon
Flon (?), n. pl. See Flo. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Flong
Flong (? OR ?), obs. imp. & p. p. of Fling.
Flood
Flood (?), n. [OE. flod a flowing, stream, flood, AS. fl&omac;d; akin
to D. vloed, OS. fl&omac;d, OHG. fluot, G. flut, Icel. fl&omac;&edh;,
Sw. & Dan. flod, Goth. fl&omac;dus; from the root of E. flow.
&root;80. See Flow, v. i.]
1. A great flow of water; a body of moving water; the flowing stream,
as of a river; especially, a body of water, rising, swelling, and
overflowing land not usually thus covered; a deluge; a freshet; an
inundation.
A covenant never to destroy The earth again by flood. Milton.
2. The flowing in of the tide; the semidiurnal swell or rise of water
in the ocean; -- opposed to ebb; as, young flood; high flood.
There is a tide in the affairs of men, Which, taken at the flood,
leads on to fortune. Shak.
3. A great flow or stream of any fluid substance; as, a flood of
light; a flood of lava; hence, a great quantity widely diffused; an
overflowing; a superabundance; as, a flood of bank notes; a flood of
paper currency.
4. Menstrual disharge; menses. Harvey.
Flood anchor (Naut.) , the anchor by which a ship is held while the
tide is rising. -- Flood fence, a fence so secured that it will not be
swept away by a flood. -- Flood gate, a gate for shutting out,
admitting, or releasing, a body of water; a tide gate. -- Flood mark,
the mark or line to which the tide, or a flood, rises; high-water
mark. -- Flood tide, the rising tide; -- opposed to ebb tide. -- The
Flood, the deluge in the days of Noah.
Flood
Flood, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flooded; p. pr. & vb. n. Flooding.]
1. To overflow; to inundate; to deluge; as, the swollen river flooded
the valley.
2. To cause or permit to be inundated; to fill or cover with water or
other fluid; as, to flood arable land for irrigation; to fill to
excess or to its full capacity; as, to flood a country with a
depreciated currency.
Floodage
Flood"age (?; 48), n. Inundation. [R.] Carlyle.
Flooder
Flood"er (?), n. One who floods anything.
Flooding
Flood"ing, n. The filling or covering with water or other fluid;
overflow; inundation; the filling anything to excess.
2. (Med.) An abnormal or excessive discharge of blood from the uterus.
Dunglison.
Flook
Flook (?), n. A fluke of an anchor.
Flookan, Flukan
Flook"an (?), Flu"kan (?), n. (Mining) See Flucan.
Flooky
Flook"y (?), a. Fluky.
Floor
Floor (?), n. [AS. fl; akin to D. vloer, G. flur field, floor,
entrance hall, Icel. fl floor of a cow stall, cf. Ir. & Gael. lar
floor, ground, earth, W. llawr, perh. akin to L. planus level. Cf.
Plain smooth.]
1. The bottom or lower part of any room; the part upon which we stand
and upon which the movables in the room are supported.
2. The structure formed of beams, girders, etc., with proper covering,
which divides a building horizontally into stories. Floor in sense 1
is, then, the upper surface of floor in sense 2.
3. The surface, or the platform, of a structure on which we walk or
travel; as, the floor of a bridge.
4. A story of a building. See Story.
5. (Legislative Assemblies) (a) The part of the house assigned to the
members. (b) The right to speak. [U.S.]
NOTE: &hand; Instead of he has the floor, the English say, he is in
possession of the house.
6. (Naut.) That part of the bottom of a vessel on each side of the
keelson which is most nearly horizontal.
7. (Mining) (a) The rock underlying a stratified or nearly horizontal
deposit. (b) A horizontal, flat ore body. Raymond.
Floor cloth, a heavy fabric, painted, varnished, or saturated, with
waterproof material, for covering floors; oilcloth. -- Floor cramp, an
implement for tightening the seams of floor boards before nailing them
in position. -- Floor light, a frame with glass panes in a floor. --
Floor plan. (a) (Shipbuilding) A longitudinal section, showing a ship
as divided at the water line. (b) (Arch.) A horizontal section,
showing the thickness of the walls and partitions, arrangement of
passages, apartments, and openings at the level of any floor of a
house.
Floor
Floor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Floored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flooring.]
1. To cover with a floor; to furnish with a floor; as, to floor a
house with pine boards.
2. To strike down or lay level with the floor; to knock down; hence,
to silence by a conclusive answer or retort; as, to floor an opponent.
Floored or crushed by him. Coleridge.
3. To finish or make an end of; as, to floor a college examination.
[Colloq.]
I've floored my little-go work. T. Hughes.
Floorage
Floor"age (?; 48), n. Floor space.
Floorer
Floor"er (?), n. Anything that floors or upsets a person, as a blow
that knocks him down; a conclusive answer or retort; a task that
exceeds one's abilities. [Colloq.]
Floorheads
Floor"heads`, n. pl. (Naut.) The upper extermities of the floor of a
vessel.
Flooring
Floor"ing, n. A platform; the bottom of a room; a floor; pavement. See
Floor, n. Addison.
2. Material for the construction of a floor or floors.
Floorless
Floor"less, a. Having no floor.
Floorwalker
Floor"walk`er (?), n. One who walks about in a large retail store as
an overseer and director. [U.S.]
Flop
Flop (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flopped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flopping.]
[A variant of flap.]
1. To clap or strike, as a bird its wings, a fish its tail, etc.; to
flap.
2. To turn suddenly, as something broad and flat. [Colloq.] Fielding.
Flop
Flop (?), v. i.
1. To strike about with something broad abd flat, as a fish with its
tail, or a bird with its wings; to rise and fall; as, the brim of a
hat flops.
2. To fall, sink, or throw one's self, heavily, clumsily, and
unexpectedly on the ground. [Colloq.] Dickens.
Flop
Flop, n. Act of flopping. [Colloq.] W. H. Russell.
Floppy
Flop"py (?), n. Having a tendency to flop or flap; as, a floppy hat
brim. G. Eliot.
Flopwing
Flop"wing` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The lapwing.
Flora
Flo"ra (?), n. [L., the goddess of flowers, from flos, floris, flower.
See Flower.]
1. (Rom. Myth.) The goddess of flowers and spring.
2. (Bot.) The complete system of vegetable species growing without
cultivation in a given locality, region, or period; a list or
description of, or treatise on, such plants.
Floral
Flo"ral (?), a. [L. Floralis belonging to Flora: cf. F. floral. See
Flora.]
1. Pertaining to Flora, or to flowers; made of flowers; as, floral
games, wreaths.
2. (Bot.) Containing, or belonging to, a flower; as, a floral bud; a
floral leaf; floral characters. Martyn.
Floral envelope (Bot.), the calyx and corolla, one or the other of
which (mostly the corolla) may be wanting.
Florally
Flo"ral*ly, adv. In a floral manner.
Floramour
Flo"ra*mour (?), n.[L. flos, floris, flower + amorlove.] The plant
love-lies-bleeding. [Obs.] Prior.
Floran
Flo"ran (?), n. (Mining) Tin ore scarcely perceptible in the stone;
tin ore stamped very fine. Pryce.
Flor\'82al
Flo`r\'82al" (?), n. [F. flor\'82al, fr. L. flos, floris, flower.] The
eight month of the French republican calendar. It began April 20, and
ended May 19. See Vend\'82miare.
Floren
Flor"en (?), n. [LL. florenus. See Florin.] A cerain gold coin; a
Florence. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Florence
Flor"ence (?), n. [From the city of Florence: cf. F. florence a kind
of cloth, OF. florin.]
1. An ancient gold coin of the time of Edward III., of six shillings
sterling value. Camden.
2. A kind of cloth. Johnson.
Florence flask. See under Flask. -- Florence oil, olive oil prepared
in Florence.
Florentine
Flor"en*tine (? OR ?; 277), a. [L. Florentinus, fr. Florentia
Florence: cf. F. florentin.] Belonging or relating to Florence, in
Italy. Florentine mosaic, a mosaic of hard or semiprecious stones,
often so chosen and arranged that their natural colors represent
leaves, flowers, and the like, inlaid in a background, usually of
black or white marble.
Florentine
Flor"en*tine, n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Florence, a city in Italy.
2. A kind of silk. Knight.
3. A kind of pudding or tart; a kind of meat pie. [Obs.]
Stealing custards, tarts, and florentines. Beau. & Fl.
Florescence
Flo*res"cence (?), n. [See Florescent.] (Bot.) A bursting into flower;
a blossoming. Martyn.
Florescent
Flo*res"cent (?), a. [L. florescens, p.pr. of florescere begin to
blossom, incho. fr. florere to blossom, fr. flos, floris, flower. See
Flower.] Expanding into flowers; blossoming.
Floret
Flo"ret (?), n. [OF. florete, F. fleurette, dim. of OF. lor, F. fleur.
See Flower, and cf. Floweret, 3d Ferret.]
1. (Bot.) A little flower; one of the numerous little flowers which
compose the head or anthodium in such flowers as the daisy, thistle,
and dandelion. Gray.
2. [F. fleuret.] A foil; a blunt sword used in fencing. [Obs.]
Cotgrave.
Floriage
Flo"ri*age (?), n. [L. flos, flori, flower.] Bloom; blossom. [Obs.] J.
Scott.
Floriated
Flo"ri*a`ted (?), a. (Arch.) Having floral ornaments; as, floriated
capitals of Gothic pillars.
Floricmous
Flo*ric"mous (?), a. [L. flos, floris, flower + coma hair.] Having the
head adorned with flowers. [R.]
Floricultural
Flo`ri*cul"tur*al (? OR ?; 135), a. Pertaining to the cultivation of
flowering plants.
Floriculture
Flo"ri*cul`ture (? OR ?; 135, 277), n. [L. flos, floris, flower +
cultura culture.] The cultivation of flowering plants.
Floriculturist
Flo`ri*cul"tur*ist (?), n. One skilled in the cultivation of flowers;
a florist.
Florid
Flor"id (?), a. [L. floridus, fr. flos, floris, flower. See Flower.]
1. Covered with flowers; abounding in flowers; flowery. [R.]
Fruit from a pleasant and florid tree. Jer. Taylor.
2. Bright in color; flushed with red; of a lively reddish color; as, a
florid countenance.
3. Embellished with flowers of rhetoric; enriched to excess with
figures; excessively ornate; as, a florid style; florid eloquence.
4. (Mus.) Flowery; ornamental; running in rapid melodic figures,
divisions, or passages, as in variations; full of fioriture or little
ornamentations.
Florida bean
Flor"i*da bean" (?). (Bot.) (a) The large, roundish, flattened seed of
Mucuna urens. See under Bean. (b) One of the very large seeds of the
Entada scandens.
Floride\'91
Flo*rid"e*\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. flos, floris, a flower.]
(Bot.) A subclass of alg\'91 including all the red or purplish
seaweeds; the Rhodosperme\'91 of many authors; -- so called from the
rosy or florid color of most of the species.
Floridity
Flo*rid"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being florid; floridness. Floyer.
Floridly
Flor"id*ly (?), adv. In a florid manner.
Floridness
Flor"id*ness, n. The quality of being florid. Boyle.
Floriferous
Flo*rif"er*ous (?), a. [L. florifer; flos, floris, flower + ferre to
bear; cf. F. florif\'8are.] Producing flowers. Blount.
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Florification
Flo`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. flos, floris, flower + facere to make.]
The act, process, or time of flowering; florescence.
Floriform
Flo"ri*form (? OR ?), a. [L. flos, floris, flower + -form: cf. F.
floriforme.] Having the form of a flower; flower-shaped.
Floriken
Flo"ri*ken (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An Indian bustard (Otis aurita). The
Bengal floriken is Sypheotides Bengalensis. [Written also florikan,
floriken, florican.]
Florilege
Flo"ri*lege (?), n. [L. florilegus flower-culling; flos, floris,
flower + legere to gather: cf. F. floril\'8age.] The act of gathering
flowers.
Florimer
Flo"ri*mer (?), n. (Bot.) See Floramour. [Obs.]
Florin
Flor"in (?), n. [F. florin, It. florino, orig., a Florentine coin,
with a lily on it, fr. flore a flower, fr. L. flos. See Flower, and
cf. Floren.] A silver coin of Florence, first struck in the twelfth
century, and noted for its beauty. The name is given to different
coins in different countries. The florin of England, first minted in
1849, is worth two shillings, or about 48 cents; the florin of the
Netherlands, about 40 cents; of Austria, about 36 cents.
Florist
Flo"rist (? OR ?; 277), n. [Cf. F. fleuriste, floriste, fr. F. fleur
flower. See Flower.]
1. A cultivator of, or dealer in, flowers.
2. One who writes a flora, or an account of plants.
Floroon
Flo*roon" (?), n. [F. fleuron. See Flower.] A border worked with
flowers. Wright.
Florulent
Flor"u*lent (?), a. [L. florulentus, fr. flos, floris, flower.]
Flowery; blossoming. [Obs.] Blount.
Floscular
Flos"cu*lar (?), a. (Bot.) Flosculous.
Floscularian
Flos`cu*la"ri*an (?), n. [From L. flosculus a floweret.] (Zo\'94l.)
One of a group of stalked rotifers, having ciliated tentacles around
the lobed disk.
Floscule
Flos*cule (?), n. [L. flosculus, dim. of flos flower: cf. F.
floscule.] (Bot.) A floret.
Flosculous
Flos"cu*lous (?), a. (Bot.) Consisting of many gamopetalous florets.
Flos-ferri
Flos`-fer"ri (?), n.[L., flower of iron.] (Min.) A variety of
aragonite, occuring in delicate white coralloidal forms; -- common in
beds of iron ore.
Flosh
Flosh (?), n. [Cf. G. fl\'94sse a trough in which tin ore is washed.]
(Metallurgy) A hopper-shaped box or Knight.
Floss
Floss (?; 195), n. [It. floscio flabby, soft, fr. L. fluxus flowing,
loose, slack. See Flux, n.]
1. (Bot.) The slender styles of the pistillate flowers of maize; also
called silk.
2. Untwisted filaments of silk, used in embroidering.
Floss silk, silk that has been twisted, and which retains its loose
and downy character. It is much used in embroidery. Called also floxed
silk. -- Floss thread, a kind of soft flaxen yarn or thread, used for
embroidery; -- called also linen floss, and floss yarn. McElrath.
Floss
Floss, n. [Cf. G. floss a float.]
1. A small stream of water. [Eng.]
2. Fluid glass floating on iron in the puddling furnace, produced by
the vitrification of oxides and earths which are present.
Floss hole. (a) A hole at the back of a puddling furnace, at which the
slags pass out. (b) The tap hole of a melting furnace. Knight.
Flossification
Flos`si*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. Florification.] A flowering;
florification. [R.] Craig.
Flossy
Floss"y (?; 115), a. Pertaining to, made of, or resembling, floss;
hence, light; downy.
Flota
Flo"ta (?), n. [Sp. See Flotilla.] A fleet; especially, a
Flotage
Flo"tage (?), n. [OF. flotage, F. flottage, fr. flotter to float.]
1. The state of floating.
2. That which floats on the sea or in rivers. [Written also floatage.]
Flotant
Flo"tant (?), a. [OF. flotant, F. flottant, p.pr. of flotter to
float.] (Her.) Represented as flying or streaming in the air; as, a
banner flotant.
Flotation
Flo*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. flottation a floating, flottaison water
line, fr. flotter to float. See Flotilla.]
1. The act, process, or state of floating.
2. The science of floating bodies.
Center of flotation. (Shipbuilding) (a) The center of any given plane
of flotation. (b) More commonly, the middle of the length of the load
water line. Rankine. -- Plane, OR Line, of flotation, the plane or
line in which the horizontal surface of a fluid cuts a body floating
in it. See Bearing, n., 9 (c). -- Surface of flotation (Shipbuilding),
the imaginary surface which all the planes of flotation touch when a
vessel rolls or pitches; the envelope of all such planes.
Flote
Flote (?), v. t. To fleet; to skim. [Obs.] Tusser.
Flote
Flote, n. [Cf. F. flot, L. fluctus; also cf. Float, n.] A wave. [Obs.]
"The Mediterranean flote." Shak.
Flotery
Flot"er*y (?), a. Wavy; flowing. [Obs.]
With flotery beard. Chaucer.
Flotilla
Flo*til"la (?), n. [Sp. flotilla, dim. of flota fleet; akin to F.
flotte, It. flotta, and F. flot wave, fr. L. fluctus, but prob.
influenced by words akin to E. float. See Fluctuate, and cf. Float,
n.] A little fleet, or a fleet of small vessels.
Flotsam, Flotson
Flot"sam (?), Flot"son (?), n. [F. flotter to float. See FFlotilla,
and cf. Jetsam.] (Law) Goods lost by shipwreck, and floating on the
sea; -- in distinction from jetsam or jetson. Blackstone.
Flotten
Flot"ten (?), p. p. of Flote, v. t. Skimmed. [Obs.]
Flounce
Flounce (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flounced (flounst); p. pr. & vb. n.
Flouncing (?).] [Cf. OSw. flunsa to immerge.] To throw the limbs and
body one way and the other; to spring, turn, or twist with sudden
effort or violence; to struggle, as a horse in mire; to flounder; to
throw one's self with a jerk or spasm, often as in displeasure.
To flutter and flounce will do nothing but batter and bruise us.
Barrow.
With his broad fins and forky tail he laves The rising sirge, and
flounces in the waves. Addison.
Flounce
Flounce (?), n. The act of floucing; a sudden, jerking motion of the
body.
Flounce
Flounce, n. [Cf. G. flaus, flausch, a tuft of wool or hair; akin to
vliess, E. fleece; or perh. corrupted fr. rounce.] An ornamental
appendage to the skirt of a woman's dress, consisting of a strip
gathered and sewed on by its upper edge around the skirt, and left
hanging.
Flounce
Flounce, v. t. To deck with a flounce or flounces; as, to flounce a
petticoat or a frock.
Flounder
Floun"der (?), n. [Cf. Sw. flundra; akin to Dan. flynder, Icel. fly,
G. flunder, and perh. to E. flounder, v.i.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A flatfish of the family Pleuronectid\'91, of many
species.
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon En glish flounder is Pleuronectes flesus.
There are several common American species used as food; as the
smooth flounder (P. glabra); the rough or winter flounder (P.
Americanus); the summer flounder, or plaice (Paralichthys
dentatus), Atlantic coast; and the starry flounder (Pleuronectes
stellatus).
2. (Bootmaking) A tool used in crimping boot fronts.
Flounder
Floun"der, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Floundered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Floundering.] [Cf. D. flodderen to flap, splash through mire, E.
flounce, v.i., and flounder the fish.] To fling the limbs and body, as
in making efforts to move; to struggle, as a horse in the mire, or as
a fish on land; to roll, toss, and tumble; to flounce.
They have floundered on from blunder to blunder. Sir W. Hamilton.
Flounder
Floun"der, n.The act of floundering.
Flour
Flour (?), n. [F. fleur de farine the flower (i.e., the best) of meal,
cf. Sp. flor de la harina superfine flour, Icel. fl\'81r flower,
flour. See Flower.] The finely ground meal of wheat, or of any other
grain; especially, the finer part of meal separated by bolting; hence,
the fine and soft powder of any substance; as, flour of emery; flour
of mustard. Flour bolt, in milling, a gauze-covered, revolving,
cylindrical frame or reel, for sifting the flour from the refuse
contained in the meal yielded by the stones. -- Flour box a tin box
for scattering flour; a dredging box. -- Flour dredge OR dredger, a
flour box. -- Flour dresser, a mashine for sorting and distributing
flour according to grades of fineness. -- Flour mill, a mill for
grinding and sifting flour.
Flour
Flour, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Floured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flouring.]
1. To grind and bolt; to convert into flour; as, to flour wheat.
2. To sprinkle with flour.
Floured
Floured (?), p. a. Finely granulated; -- said of quicksilver which has
been granulated by agitation during the amalgamation process. Raymond.
Flourish
Flour"ish (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flourished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Flourishing.] [OE. florisshen, flurisshen, OF. flurir, F. fleurir, fr.
L. florere to bloom, fr. flos, floris, flower. See Flower, and -ish.]
1. To grow luxuriantly; to increase and enlarge, as a healthy growing
plant; a thrive.
A tree thrives and flourishes in a kindly . . . soil. Bp. Horne.
2. To be prosperous; to increase in wealth, honor, comfort, happiness,
or whatever is desirable; to thrive; to be prominent and influental;
specifically, of authors, painters, etc., to be in a state of activity
or production.
When all the workers of iniquity do flourish. Ps. xcii 7
Bad men as frequently prosper and flourish, and that by the means
of their wickedness. Nelson.
We say Of those that held their heads above the crowd, They
flourished then or then. Tennyson.
3. To use florid language; to indulge in rhetorical figures and lofty
expressions; to be flowery.
They dilate . . . and flourish long on little incidents. J. Watts.
4. To make bold and sweeping, fanciful, or wanton movements, by way of
ornament, parade, bravado, etc.; to play with fantastic and irregular
motion.
Impetuous spread The stream, and smoking flourished o'er his head.
Pope.
5. To make ornamental strokes with the pen; to write graceful,
decorative figures.
6. To execute an irregular or fanciful strain of music, by way of
ornament or prelude.
Why do the emperor's trumpets flourish thus? Shak.
7. To boast; to vaunt; to brag. Pope.
Flourish
Flour"ish, v. t.
1. To adorn with flowers orbeautiful figures, either natural or
artificial; to ornament with anything showy; to embellish. [Obs.]
Fenton.
2. To embellish with the flowers of diction; to adorn with rhetorical
figures; to grace with ostentatious eloquence; to set off with a
parade of words. [Obs.]
Sith that the justice of your title to him Doth flourish the
deceit. Shak.
3. To move in bold or irregular figures; to swing about in circles or
vibrations by way of show or triumph; to brandish.
And flourishes his blade in spite of me. Shak.
4. To develop; to make thrive; to expand. [Obs.]
Bottoms of thread . . . which with a good needle, perhaps
flourished into large works. Bacon.
Flourish
Flour"ish (?), n.; pl. Flourishes (.
1. A flourishing condition; prosperity; vigor. [Archaic]
The Roman monarchy, in her highest flourish, never had the like.
Howell.
2. Decoration; ornament; beauty.
The flourish of his sober youth Was the pride of naked truth.
Crashaw.
3. Something made or performed in a fanciful, wanton, or vaunting
manner, by way of ostentation, to excite admiration, etc.;
ostentatious embellishment; ambitious copiousness or amplification;
parade of wordas, a flourish of rhetoric or of wit.
He lards with flourishes his long harangue. Dryden.
4. A fanciful stroke of the pen or graver; a merely decorative figure.
The neat characters and flourishes of a Bible curiously printed.
Boyle.
5. A fantastic or decorative musical passage; a strain of triumph or
bravado, not forming part of a regular musical composition; a cal; a
fanfare.
A flourish, trumpets! strike alarum, drums! Shak.
6. The waving of a weapon or other thing; a brandishing; as, the
fluorish of a sword.
Flourisher
Flour"ish*er (?), n. One who flourishes.
Flourishingly
Flour"ish*ing*ly, adv. In a flourishing manner; ostentatiously.
Floury
Flour"y (?), a. Of or resembling flour; mealy; covered with flour.
Dickens.
Flout
Flout (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flouted; p. pr. & vb. n. Flouting.]
[OD. fluyten to play the flute, to jeer, D. fluiten, fr. fluit, fr.
French. See Flute.] To mock or insult; to treat with contempt.
Phillida flouts me. Walton.
Three gaudy standarts lout the pale blue sky. Byron.
Flout
Flout, v. i. To practice mocking; to behave with contempt; to sneer;
to fleer; -- often with at.
Fleer and gibe, and laugh and flout. Swift.
Flout
Flout, n. A mock; an insult.
Who put your beauty to this flout and scorn. Tennyson.
Flouter
Flout"er (?), n. One who flouts; a mocker.
Floutingly
Flout"ing*ly, adv. With flouting; insultingly; as, to treat a lover
floutingly.
Flow
Flow (?), obs. imp. sing. of Fly, v. i. Chaucer.
Flow
Flow (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. FFlowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flowing.]
[AS. fl\'d3wan; akin to D. vloeijen, OHG. flawen to wash, Icel.
fl\'d3a to deluge, Gr. float, fleet. \'fb80. Cf. Flood.]
1. To move with a continual change of place among the particles or
parts, as a fluid; to change place or circulate, as a liquid; as,
rivers flow from springs and lakes; tears flow from the eyes.
2. To become liquid; to melt.
The mountains flowed down at thy presence. Is. lxiv. 3.
3. To pproceed; to issue forth; as, wealth flows from industry and
economy.
Those thousand decencies that daily flow From all her words and
actions. Milton.
4. To glide along smoothly, without harshness or asperties; as, a
flowing period; flowing numbers; to sound smoothly to the ear; to be
uttered easily.
Virgil is sweet and flowingin his hexameters. Dryden.
5. To have or be in abundance; to abound; to full, so as to run or
flow over; to be copious.
In that day . . . the hills shall flow with milk. Joel iii. 18.
The exhilaration of a night that needed not the influence of the
flowing bowl. Prof. Wilson.
6. To hang loose and waving; as, a flowing mantle; flowing locks.
The imperial purple flowing in his train. A. Hamilton.
7. To rise, as the tide; -- opposed to ebb; as, the tide flows twice
in twenty-four hours.
The river hath thrice flowed, no ebb between. Shak.
8. To discharge blood in excess from the uterus.
Flow
Flow, v. t.
1. To cover with water or other liquid; to overflow; to inundate; to
flood.
2. To cover with varnish.
Flow
Flow, n.
1. A stream of water or other fluid; a current; as, a flow of water; a
flow of blood.
2. A continuous movement of something abundant; as, a flow of words.
3. Any gentle, gradual movement or procedure of thought, diction,
music, or the like, resembling the quiet, steady movement of a river;
a stream.
The feast of reason and the flow of soul. Pope.
4. The tidal setting in of the water from the ocean to the shore. See
Ebb and flow, under Ebb.
5. A low-lying piece of watery land; -- called also flow moss and flow
bog. [Scot.] Jamieson.
Flowage
Flow"age (?; 48), n. An overflowing with water; also, the water which
thus overflows.
Flowen
Flow"en (?), obs. imp. pl. of Fly, v. i. Chaucer.
Flower
Flow"er (?), n. [OE. flour, OF. flour, flur, flor, F. fleur, fr. L.
flos, floris. Cf. Blossom, Effloresce, Floret, Florid, Florin, Flour,
Flourish.]
1. In the popular sense, the bloom or blossom of a plant; the showy
portion, usually of a different color, shape, and texture from the
foliage.
2. (Bot.) That part of a plant destined to produce seed, and hence
including one or both of the sexual organs; an organ or combination of
the organs of reproduction, whether inclosed by a circle of foliar
parts or not. A complete flower consists of two essential parts, the
stamens and the pistil, and two floral envelopes, the corolla and
callyx. In mosses the flowers consist of a few special leaves
surrounding or subtending organs called archegonia. See Blossom, and
Corolla.
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Page 574
NOTE: &hand; If we examine a common flower, such for instance as a
geranium, we shall find that it consists of: First, an outer
envelope or calyx, sometimes tubular, sometimes consisting of
separate leaves called sepals; secondly, an inner envelope or
corolla, which is generally more or less colored, and which, like
the calyx, is sometimes tubular, sometimes composed of separate
leaves called petals; thirdly, one or more stamens, consisting of a
stalk or filament and a head or anther, in which the pollen is
produced; and fourthly, a pistil, which is situated in the center
of the flower, and consists generally of three principal parts; one
or more compartments at the base, each containing one or more
seeds; the stalk or style; and the stigma, which in many familiar
instances forms a small head, at the top of the style or ovary, and
to which the pollen must find its way in order to fertilize the
flower.
Sir J. Lubbock.
3. The fairest, freshest, and choicest part of anything; as, the
flower of an army, or of a family; the state or time of freshness and
bloom; as, the flower of life, that is, youth.
The choice and flower of all things profitable the Psalms do more
briefly contain. Hooker.
The flower of the chivalry of all Spain. Southey.
A simple maiden in her flower Is worth a hundred coats of arms.
Tennyson.
4. Grain pulverized; meal; flour. [Obs.]
The flowers of grains, mixed with water, will make a sort of glue.
Arbuthnot.
5. pl. (Old. Chem.) A substance in the form of a powder, especially
when condensed from sublimation; as, the flowers of sulphur.
6. A figure of speech; an ornament of style.
7. pl. (Print.) Ornamental type used chiefly for borders around pages,
cards, etc. W. Savage.
8. pl. Menstrual discharges. Lev. xv. 24.
Animal flower (Zo\'94l.) See under Animal. -- Cut flowers, flowers cut
from the stalk, as for making a bouquet. -- Flower bed, a plat in a
garden for the cultivation of flowers. -- Flower beetle (Zo\'94l.),
any beetle which feeds upon flowers, esp. any one of numerous small
species of the genus Meligethes, family Nitidulid\'91, some of which
are injurious to crops. -- Flower bird (Zo\'94l.), an Australian bird
of the genus Anthornis, allied to the honey eaters. -- Flower bud, an
unopened flower. -- Flower clock, an assemblage of flowers which open
and close at different hours of the day, thus indicating the time. --
Flower head (Bot.), a compound flower in which all the florets are
sessile on their receptacle, as in the case of the daisy. -- Flower
pecker (Zo\'94l.), one of a family (Dic\'91id\'91) of small Indian and
Australian birds. They resemble humming birds in habits. -- Flower
piece. (a) A table ornament made of cut flowers. (b) (Fine Arts) A
picture of flowers. -- Flower stalk (Bot.), the peduncle of a plant,
or the stem that supports the flower or fructification.
Flower
Flow"er (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flowered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Flowering.] [From the noun. Cf. Flourish.]
1. To blossom; to bloom; to expand the petals, as a plant; to produce
flowers; as, this plant flowers in June.
2. To come into the finest or fairest condition.
Their lusty and flowering age. Robynson (More's Utopia).
When flowered my youthful spring. Spenser.
3. To froth; to ferment gently, as new beer.
That beer did flower a little. Bacon.
4. To come off as flowers by sublimation. [Obs.]
Observations which have flowered off. Milton.
Flower
Flow"er, v. t. To embellish with flowers; to adorn with imitated
flowers; as, flowered silk.
Flowerage
Flow"er*age (?; 48), n. State of flowers; flowers, collectively or in
general. Tennyson.
Flower-de-luce
Flow"er-de-luce" (?), n. [Corrupted fr. fleur-de-lis.] (Bot.) A genus
of perennial herbs (Iris) with swordlike leaves and large
three-petaled flowers often of very gay colors, but probably white in
the plant first chosen for the royal French emblem.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere ar e nearly one hundred species, natives of the
north temperate zone. Some of the best known are Iris Germanica, I.
Florentina, I. Persica, I. sambucina, and the American I.
versicolor, I. prismatica, etc.
Flower/er
Flow"er/er (?), n. A plant which flowers or blossoms.
Many hybrids are profuse and persistent flowerers. Darwin.
Floweret
Flow"er*et (?), n.A small flower; a floret. Shak.
Flower-fence
Flow"er-fence` (?), n. (Bot.) A tropical leguminous bush (Poinciana,
OR C\'91salpinia, pulcherrima) with prickly branches, and showy yellow
or red flowers; -- so named from its having been sometimes used for
hedges in the West Indies. Baird.
Flowerful
Flow"er*ful (?), a. Abounding with flowers. Craig.
Flower-gentle
Flow"er-gen`tle (?), n. (Bot.) A species of amaranth (Amarantus
melancholicus).
Floweriness
Flow"er*i*ness (?), n. The state of being flowery.
Flowering
Flow"er*ing, a. (Bot.) Having conspicuous flowers; -- used as an
epithet with many names of plants; as, flowering ash; flowering
dogwood; flowering almond, etc. Flowering fern, a genus of showy ferns
(Osmunda), with conspicuous bivalvular sporangia. They usually grow in
wet places. -- Flowering plants, plants which have stamens and
pistils, and produce true seeds; phenogamous plants; -- distinguished
from flowerless plants. -- Flowering rush, a European rushlike plant
(Butomus umbellatus), with an umbel of rosy blossoms.
Flowering
Flow"er*ing, n.
1. The act of blossoming, or the season when plants blossom;
florification.
2. The act of adorning with flowers.
Flowerless
Flow"er*less, a. Having no flowers. Flowerless plants, plants which
have no true flowers, and produce no seeds; cryptigamous plants.
Flowerlessness
Flow"er*less*ness, n. State of being without flowers.
Flowerpot
Flow"er*pot` (?), n. A vessel, commonly or earthenware, for earth in
which plants are grown.
Flowery
Flow"er*y (?), a.
1. Full of flowers; abounding with blossoms.
2. Highly embellished with figurative language; florid; as, a flowery
style. Milton.
The flowery kingdom, China.
Flowery-kirtled
Flow"er*y-kir`tled (?), a. Dressed with garlands of flowers. [Poetic &
Rare] Milton.
Flowing
Flow"ing, a. That flows or for flowing (in various sense of the verb);
gliding along smoothly; copious. Flowing battery (Elec.), a battery
which is kept constant by the flowing of the exciting liquid through
the cell or cells. Knight. -- Flowing furnace, a furnace from which
molten metal, can be drawn, as through a tap hole; a foundry cupola.
-- Flowing sheet (Naut.), a sheet when eased off, or loosened to the
wind, as when the wind is abaft the beam. Totten.
Flowing
Flow"ing (?), a. & n. from Flow, v. i. & t.
Flowingly
Flow"ing*ly, adv. In a flowing manner.
Flowingness
Flow"ing*ness, n. Flowing tendency or quality; fluency. [R.] W.
Nichols.
Flowk
Flowk (? OR ?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See 1st Fluke.
Flown
Flown (?), p. p. of Fly; -- often used with the auxiliary verb to be;
as, the birds are flown.
Flown
Flown, a. Flushed, inflated.
NOTE: [Supposed by some to be a mistake for blown or swoln.]
Pope.
Then wander forth the sons Of Belial, flown with insolence and
wine. Milton.
Floxed silk
Floxed" silk` (?). See Floss silk, under Floss.
Floyte
Floyte (?), n. & v. A variant of Flute. [Obs.]
Fluate
Flu"ate (?), n. [Cf. F. fluate. See Fluor.] (Chem.) A fluoride. [Obs.]
Fluavil
Flu"a*vil (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon extracted
from gutta-percha, as a yellow, resinous substance; -- called also
fluanil.
Flucan
Flu"can (?), n. (Mining) Soft clayey matter in the vein, or
surrounding it. [Written also flookan, flukan, and fluccan.]
Fluctiferous
Fluc*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. fluctus wave + -ferous.] Tending to
produce waves. Blount.
Fluctisonous
Fluc*tis"o*nous (?), a. [L. fluctisonus; fluctus wave + sonus sound.]
Sounding like waves.
Fluctuability
Fluc`tu*a*bil"i*ty (?; 135), n. The capacity or ability to fluctuate.
[R.] H. Walpole.
Fluctuant
Fluc"tu*ant (?; 135), a. [L. fluctuans, p.pr. of fluctuare. See
Fluctuate.]
1. Moving like a wave; wavering; (Med.) showing undulation or
fluctuation; as, a fluctuant tumor.
2. Floating on the waves. [Obs.] Bacon.
Fluctuate
Fluc"tu*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fluctuated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fluctuating (?).] [L. fluctuatus, p.p. of fluctuare, to wave, fr.
fluctus wave, fr. fluere, fluctum, to flow. See Fluent, and cf.
Flotilla.]
1. To move as a wave; to roll hither and thither; to wave; to float
backward and forward, as on waves; as, a fluctuating field of air.
Blackmore.
2. To move now in one direction and now in another; to be wavering or
unsteady; to be irresolute or undetermined; to vacillate. Syn. -- To
waver; vacillate; hesitate; scruple. -- To Fluctuate, Vacillate,
Waver. -- Fluctuate is applied both to things and persons and denotes
that they move as they are acted upon. The stocks fluctuate; a man
fluctuates. between conflicting influences. Vacillate and waver are
applied to persons to represent them as acting themselves. A man
vacillates when he goes backward and forward in his opinions and
purposes, without any fixity of mind or principles. A man wavers when
he shrinks back or hesitates at the approach of difficulty or danger.
One who is fluctuating in his feelings is usually vacillating in
resolve, and wavering in execution.
Fluctuate
Fluc"tu*ate, v. t. To cause to move as a wave; to put in motion. [R.]
And fluctuate all the still perfume. Tennyson.
Fluctuation
Fluc`tu*a"tion (?), n. [L. fluctuatio; cf. F. fluctuation.]
1. A motion like that of waves; a moving in this and that direction;
as, the fluctuations of the sea.
2. A wavering; unsteadiness; as, fluctuations of opinion; fluctuations
of prices.
3. (Med.) The motion or undulation of a fluid collected in a natural
or artifical cavity, which is felt when it is subjected to pressure or
percussion. Dunglison.
Flue
Flue (?), n. [Cf. OF. flue a flowing, fr. fluer to flow, fr. L. fluere
(cf. Fluent); a perh. a corruption of E. flute.] An inclosed passage
way for establishing and directing a current of air, gases, etc.; an
air passage; esp.: (a) A compartment or division of a chimney for
conveying flame and smoke to the outer air. (b) A passage way for
conducting a current of fresh, foul, or heated air from one place to
another. (c) (Steam Boiler) A pipe or passage for conveying flame and
hot gases through surrounding water in a boiler; -- distinguished from
a tube which holds water and is surrounded by fire. Small flues are
called fire tubes or simply tubes. Flue boiler. See under Boiler. --
Flue bridge, the separating low wall between the flues and the
laboratory of a reverberatory furnace. -- Flue plate (Steam Boiler), a
plate to which the ends of the flues are fastened; -- called also flue
sheet, tube sheet, and tube plate. -- Flue surface (Steam Boiler), the
aggregate surface of flues exposed to flame or the hot gases.
Flue
Flue (?), n. [Cf. F. flou light, tender, G. flau weak, W. llwch dust.
&root;84.] Light down, such as rises from cotton, fur, etc.; very fine
lint or hair. Dickens.
Fluence
Flu"ence (?), n. Fluency. [Obs.] Milton.
Fluency
Flu"en*cy (?), n. [L. fluentia: cf. F. fluence. See Fluent.] The
quality of being fluent; smoothness; readiness of utterance;
volubility.
The art of expressing with fluency and perspicuity. Macaulay.
Fluent
Flu"ent (?), a. [L. fluens, -entis, p.pr. of fluere to flow; cf. Gr.
Fluctuate, Flux.]
1. Flowing or capable of flowing; liquid; glodding; easily moving.
2. Ready in the use of words; voluble; copious; having words at
command; and uttering them with facility and smoothness; as, a fluent
speaker; hence, flowing; voluble; smooth; -- said of language; as,
fluent speech.
With most fluent utterance. Denham.
Fluent as the flight of a swallow is the sultan's letter. De
Quincey.
Fluent
Flu"ent, n.
1. A current of water; a stream. [Obs.]
2. [Cf. F. fluente.] (Math.) A variable quantity, considered as
increasing or diminishing; -- called, in the modern calculus, the
function or integral.
Fluently
Flu"ent*ly, adv. In a fluent manner.
Fluentness
Flu"ent*ness, n. The quality of being fluent.
Fluework
Flue"work` (?), n. (Mus.) A general name for organ stops in which the
sound is caused by wind passing through a flue or fissure and striking
an edge above; -- in distinction from reedwork.
Fluey
Flue"y (?), a. [2d Flue.] Downy; fluffy. [R.]
Fluff
Fluff (?), n. [Cf. 2d Flue. Nap or down; flue; soft, downy feathers.
Fluffy
Fluff"y (?), a. [Compar. Fluffier (?); superl. Fluffiest.] Pertaining
to, or resembling, fluff or nap; soft and downy. "The carpets were
fluffy." Thackeray.
The present Barnacle . . . had a youthful aspect, and the fluffiest
little whisker, perhaps, that ever was seen. Dickens.
-- Fluff"i*ness, n.
Fl\'81gel
Fl\'81"gel (?), n. [G., a wing.] (Mus.) A grand piano or a
harpsichord, both being wing-shaped.
Flugelman
Flu"gel*man (?), n. [G. fl\'81gelman.] (Mil.) Same as Fugleman.
Fluid
Flu"id (?), a. [L. fluidus, fr. fluere to flow: cf. F. fluide. See
Fluent.] Having particles which easily move and change their relative
position without a separation of the mass, and which easily yield to
pressure; capable of flowing; liquid or gaseous.
Fluid
Flu"id, n. A fluid substance; a body whose particles move easily among
themselves.
NOTE: &hand; Fl uid is a generic term, including liquids and gases
as species. Water, air, and steam are fluids. By analogy, the term
is sometimes applied to electricity and magnetism, as in phrases
electric fluid, magnetic fluid, though not strictly appropriate.
Fluid dram, OR Fluid drachm, a measure of capacity equal to one eighth
of a fluid ounce. -- Fluid ounce. (a) In the United States, a measure
of capacity, in apothecaries' or wine measure, equal to one sixteenth
of a pint or 29.57 cubic centimeters. This, for water, is about
1.04158 ounces avoirdupois, or 455.6 grains. (b) In England, a measure
of capacity equal to the twentieth part of an imperial pint. For
water, this is the weight of the avoirdupois ounce, or 437.5 grains.
-- Fluids of the body. (Physiol.) The circulating blood and lymph, the
chyle, the gastric, pancreatic, and intestinal juices, the saliva,
bile, urine, aqueous humor, and muscle serum are the more important
fluids of the body. The tissues themselves contain a large amount of
combined water, so much, that an entire human body dried in vacuo with
a very moderate degree of heat gives about 66 per cent of water. --
Burning fluid, Elastic fluid, Electric fluid, Magnetic fluid, etc. See
under Burning, Elastic, etc.
Fluidal
Flu"id*al (?), a. Pertaining to a fluid, or to its flowing motion.
Fluidal structure (Geol.), the structure characteristic of certain
volcanic rocks in which the arrangement of the minute crystals shows
the lines of flow of thew molten material before solidification; --
also called fluxion structure.
Fluinity
Flu*in"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. fluidit\'82.] The quality of being fluid
or capable of flowing; a liquid, a\'89riform. or gaseous state; --
opposed to solidity.
It was this want of organization, this looseness and fluidity of
the new movement, that made it penetrate through every class of
society. J. R. Green.
Fluidize
Flu"id*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fluidized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fluidizing.] To render fluid.
Fluidness
Flu"id*ness, n. The state of being flluid; fluidity.
Fluidounce
Flu"id*ounce`, n. See Fluid ounce, under Fluid.
Fluidrachm
Flu"i*drachm` (?), n. See Fluid dram, under Fluid. Pharm. of the U. S.
Flukan
Flu"kan (?), n. (Mining) Flucan.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 575
Fluke
Fluke (?), n. [Cf. LG. flunk, flunka wing, the palm of an anchor;
perh. akin to E. fly.]
1. The part of an anchor which fastens in the ground; a flook. See
Anchor.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the lobes of a whale's tail, so called from the
resemblance to the fluke of an anchor.
3. An instrument for cleaning out a hole drilled in stone for
blasting.
4. An accidental and favorable stroke at billiards (called a scratch
in the United States); hence, any accidental or unexpected advantage;
as, he won by a fluke. [Cant, Eng.] A. Trollope.
Flukeworm
Fluke"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as 1st Fluke, 2.
Fluky
Fluk"y (?), a. Formed like, or having, a fluke.
Flume
Flume (?), n. [Cf. OE. flum river, OF, flum, fr. L. flumen, fr. fluere
to flow. \'fb84. See Fluent.] A stream; especially, a passage channel,
or conduit for the water that drives a mill wheel; or an artifical
channel of water for hydraulic or placer mining; also, a chute for
conveying logs or lumber down a declivity.
Fluminous
Flu"mi*nous (?), a. [L. flumen, fluminis, river.] Pertaining to
rivers; abounding in streama.
Flummery
Flum"mer*y (?), n. [W. llumru, or llumruwd, a kind of food made of
oatmeal steeped in water until it has turned sour, fr. llumrig harsh,
raw, crude, fr. llum sharp, severe.]
1. A light kind of food, formerly made of flour or meal; a sort of
pap.
Milk and flummery are very fit for children. Locke.
2. Something insipid, or not worth having; empty compliment; trash;
unsubstantial talk of writing.
The flummery of modern criticism. J. Morley.
Flung
Flung (?), imp. & p. p. of Fling.
Flunk
Flunk (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flunked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flunking.]
[Cf. Funk.] To fail, as on a lesson; to back out, as from an
undertaking, through fear.
Flunk
Flunk, v. t. To fail in; to shirk, as a task or duty. [Colloq. U.S.]
Flunk
Flunk, n. A failure or backing out; specifically (College cant), a
total failure in a recitation. [U.S.]
Flunky
Flun"ky (?), n.; pl. Flunkies (#). [Prob. fr. or akin to flank.]
[Written also flunkey.]
1. A contemptuous name for a liveried servant or a footman.
2. One who is obsequious or cringing; a snob.
3. One easily deceived in buying stocks; an inexperienced and unwary
jobber. [Cant, U.S.]
Flunkydom
Flun"ky*dom (?), n. The place or region of flunkies. C. Kingsley.
Flunlyism
Flun"ly*ism (?), n. The quality or characteristics of a flunky;
readiness to cringe to those who are superior in wealth or position;
toadyism. Thackeray.
Fluo-
Flu"o- (. (Chem.) A combining form indicating fluorine as an
ingredient; as in fluosilicate, fluobenzene.
Fluoborate
Flu`o*bo"rate (?), n. [Cf. F. fluoborate.] (Chem.) A salt of fluoboric
acid; a fluoboride.
Fluoboric
Flu`o*bo"ric (?), a. [Fluo- boric: cf. F. fluoborique.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, derived from, or consisting of, fluorine and boron.
Fluoridic acid (Chem.), a double fluoride, consisting essentially of a
solution of boron fluoride, in hydrofluoric acid. It has strong acid
properties, and is the type of the borofluorides. Called also
borofluoric acid.
Fluoboride
Flu`o*bo"ride (?), n. (Chem.) See Borofluoride.
Fluocerine, Fluocerite
Flu`o*ce"rine (?), Flu`o*ce"rite (?), n. [Fluo- + cerium.] (Min.) A
fluoride of cerium, occuring near Fahlun in Sweden. Tynosite, from
Colorado, is probably the same mineral.
Fluohydric
Flu`o*hy"dric (?), a. [Fluo- + hydrogen.] (Chem.) See Hydrofluoric.
Fluophosphate
Flu`o*phos"phate (?), n. [Fluo- + phosphate.] (Chem.) A double salt of
fluoric and phosphoric acids.
Fluor
Flu"or (?), n. [L., a flowing, fr. fluere to flow. See Fluent.]
1. A fluid state. [Obs.] Sir I. Newton.
2. Menstrual flux; catamenia; menses. [Obs.]
3. (Min.) See Fluorite.
Fluor albus
Flu"or albus (?). [L., white flow.] (Med.) The whites; leucorrh\'91a.
Fluoranthene
Flu`or*an"thene (?), n. [Fluorene + anthra (Chem.) A white crystalline
hydrocarbon C
Fluorated
Flu"or*a`ted (?), a. (Chem.) Combined with fluorine; subjected to the
action of fluoride. [R.]
Fluorene
Flu`or*ene (?), n. (Chem.) A colorless, crystalline hydrocarbon,
C13H10 having a beautiful violet fluorescence; whence its name. It
occurs in the higher boiling products of coal tar, and is obtained
artificially.
Fluorescein
Flu`o*res"ce*in (?), n. (Chem.) A yellowish red, crystalline
substance, C20H12O5, produced by heating together phthalic anhydride
and resorcin; -- so called, from the very brilliant yellowish green
fluorescence of its alkaline solutions. It has acid properties, and
its salts of the alkalies are known to the trade under the name of
uranin.
Fluorescence
Flu`o*res"cence (?), n. [From Fluor.] (Opt.) That property which some
transparent bodies have of producing at their surface, or within their
substance, light different in color from the mass of the material, as
when green crystals of fluor spar afford blue reflections. It is due
not to the difference in the color of a distinct surface layer, but to
the power which the substance has of modifying the light incident upon
it. The light emitted by fluorescent substances is in general of lower
refrangibility than the incident light. Stockes.
Fluorescent
Flu`o*res"cent (?), a. Having the property of fluorescence.
Fluorescin
Flu`o*res"cin (?), n. (Chem.) A colorless, amorphous substance which
is produced by the reduction of fluoresce\'8bn, and from which the
latter may be formed by oxidation.
Fluoric
Flu*or"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. fluorique.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, obtained
from, or containing, fluorine.
Fluoride
Flu"or*ide (? OR ?; 104), n. [Cf. F. fluoride.] (Chem.) A binary
compound of fluorine with another element or radical. Calcium fluoride
(Min.), fluorite, CaF2. See Fluorite.
Fluorine
Flu"or*ine (? OR ?; 104), n. [NL. fluorina: cf. G. fluorin, F.
fluorine. So called from its occurrence in the mineral fluorite.]
(Chem.) A non-metallic, gaseous element, strongly acid or negative, or
associated with chlorine, bromine, and iodine, in the halogen group of
which it is the first member. It always occurs combined, is very
active chemically, and possesses such an avidity for most elements,
and silicon especially, that it can neither be prepared nor kept in
glass vessels. If set free it immediately attacks the containing
material, so that it was not isolated until 1886. It is a pungent,
corrosive, colorless gas. Symbol F. Atomic weight 19.
NOTE: &hand; Fl uorine un ites wi th hy drogen to form hydrofluoric
acid, which is the agent employed in etching glass. It occurs
naturally, principally combined as calcium fluoride in fluorite,
and as a double fluoride of aluminium and sodium in cryolite.
Fluorite
Flu"or*ite (?), n. (Min.) Calcium fluoride, a mineral of many
different colors, white, yellow, purple, green, red, etc., often very
beautiful, crystallizing commonly in cubes with perfect octahedral
cleavage; also massive. It is used as a flux. Some varieties are used
for ornamental vessels. Also called fluor spar, or simply fluor.
Fluoroid
Flu"or*oid (?), n. [Fluor + -oid.] (Crystallog.) A tetrahexahedron; --
so called because it is a common form of fluorite.
Fluoroscope
Flu*or"o*scope (?), n. [Fluorescence + -scope.] (Phys.) An instrument
for observing or exhibiting fluorescence.
Fluorous
Flu"or*ous (?), a. Pertaining to fluor.
Fluor spar
Flu"or spar` (?). (Min.) See Fluorite.
Fluosilicate
Flu`o*sil"i*cate (?), n. [Cf. F. fluosilicate.] (Chem.) A double
fluoride of silicon and some other (usually basic) element or radical,
regarded as a salt of fluosilicic acid; -- called also silicofluoride.
Fluosilicic
Flu`o*si*lic"ic (?), a. [Fluo- + silicic: cf. F. fluosilicique.]
(Chem.) Composed of, or derived from, silicon and fluorine.
Fluosilicic acid, a double fluoride of hydrogen and silicon, H2F6Si,
obtained in solution in water as a sour fuming liquid, and regarded as
the type of the fluosilicates; -- called also silicofluoric acid, and
hydrofluosilicic acid.
Flurried
Flur"ried (?), a. Agitated; excited. -- Flur"ried*ly adv.
Flurry
Flur"ry (?), n.; pl. Flurries (#). [Prov. E. flur to ruffle.]
1. A sudden and brief blast or gust; a light, temporary breeze; as, a
flurry of wind.
2. A light shower or snowfall accompanied with wind.
Like a flurry of snow on the whistling wind. Longfellow.
3. Violent agitation; commotion; bustle; hurry.
The racket and flurry of London. Blakw. Mag.
4. The violent spasms of a dying whale.
Flurry
Flur"ry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flurried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flurrying.]
To put in a state of agitation; to excite or alarm. H. Swinburne.
Flurt
Flurt (?), n. A flirt. [Obs.] Quarles.
Flush
Flush (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Flushed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Flushing.]
[Cf. OE. fluschen to fly up, penetrate, F. fluz a flowing, E. flux,
dial. Sw. flossa to blaze, and E. flash; perh. influenced by blush.
\'fb84.]
1. To flow and spread suddenly; to rush; as, blood flushes into the
face.
The flushing noise of many waters. Boyle.
It flushes violently out of the cock. Mortimer.
2. To become suddenly suffused, as the cheeks; to turn red; to blush.
3. To snow red; to shine suddenly; to glow.
In her cheek, distemper flushing glowed. Milton.
4. To star
Flushing from one spray unto another. W. Browne.
Flush
Flush, v. t.
1. To cause to be full; to flood; to overflow; to overwhelm with
water; as, to flush the meadows; to flood for the purpose of cleaning;
as, to flush a sewer.
2. To cause the blood to rush into (the face); to put to the blush, or
to cause to glow with excitement.
Nor flush with shame the passing virgin's cheek. Gay.
Sudden a thought came like a full-blown rose, Flushing his brow.
Keats.
3. To make suddenly or temporarily red or rosy, as if suffused with
blood.
How faintly flushed. how phantom fair, Was Monte Rosa, hanging
there! Tennyson.
4. To excite; to animate; to stir.
Such things as can only feed his pride and flush his ambition.
South.
5. To cause to start, as a hunter a bird. Nares.
To flush a joints (Masonry), to fill them in; to point the level; to
make them flush.
Flush
Flush, n.
1. A sudden flowing; a rush which fills or overflows, as of water for
cleansing purposes.
In manner of a wave or flush. Ray.
2. A suffusion of the face with blood, as from fear, shame, modesty,
or intensity of feeling of any kind; a blush; a glow.
The flush of angered shame. Tennyson.
3. Any tinge of red color like that produced on the cheeks by a sudden
rush of blood; as, the flush on the side of a peach; the flush on the
clouds at sunset.
4. A sudden flood or rush of feeling; a thrill of excitement.
animation, etc.; as, a flush of joy.
5. A flock of birds suddenly started up or flushed.
6. [From F. or Sp. flux. Cf. Flux.] A hand of cards of the same
suit.<-- other than poker? -->
Flush
Flush, a.
1. Full of vigor; fresh; glowing; bright.
With all his crimes broad blown, as flush as May. Shak.
2. Affluent; abounding; well furnished or suppled; hence, liberal;
prodigal.
Lord Strut was not very flush in ready. Arbuthnot.
3. (Arch. & Mech.) Unbroken or even in surface; on a level with the
adjacent surface; forming a continuous surface; as, a flush panel; a
flush joint.
4. (Card Playing) Consisting of cards of one suit.
Flush bolt. (a) A screw bolt whose head is countersunk, so as to be
flush with a surface. (b) A sliding bolt let into the face or edge of
a door, so as to be flush therewith. -- Flush deck. (Naut.) See under
Deck, n., 1. -- Flush tank, a water tank which can be emptied rapidly
for flushing drainpipes, etc.
Flush
Flush (?), adv. So as to be level or even.
Flushboard
Flush"board` (?), n. Same as Flashboard.
Flusher
Flush"er (?), n.
1. A workman employed in cleaning sewers by flushing them with water.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The red-backed shrike. See Flasher.
Flushing
Flush"ing, n.
1. A heavy, coarse cloth manufactured from shoddy; -- commonly in the
[Eng.]
2. (Weaving) A surface formed of floating threads.
Flushingly
Flush"ing*ly, adv. In a flushing manner.
Flushness
Flush"ness, n. The state of being flush; abundance.
Fluster
Flus"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Flustered; p. pr. & vb. n.
Flustering.] [Cf. Icel. flaustra to be flustered, flaustr a fluster.]
To make hot and rosy, as with drinking; to heat; hence, to throw into
agitation and confusion; to confuse; to muddle.
His habit or flustering himself daily with claret. Macaulay.
Fluster
Flus"ter, v. i. To be in a heat or bustle; to be agitated and
confused.
The flstering, vainglorious Greeks. South.
Fluster
Flus"ter, n. Heat or glow, as from drinking; agitation mingled with
confusion; disorder.
Flusteration
Flus`ter*a"tion (?), n. The act of flustering, or the state of being
flustered; fluster. [Colloq.]
Flustrate
Flus"trate (?), v. t. [See Fluster, v. t.] To fluster. [Colloq.]
Spectator.
Flustration
Flus*tra"tion (?), n. The act of flustrating; confusion; flurry.
[Colloq.] Richardson.
Flute
Flute (?), n. [OE. floute, floite, fr. OF. fla\'81te, flahute,
flahuste, F. fl; cf. LL. flauta, D. fluit. See Flute, v. i.]
1. A musical wind instrument, consisting of a hollow cylinder or pipe,
with holes along its length, stopped by the fingers or by keys which
are opened by the fingers. The modern flute is closed at the upper
end, and blown with the mouth at a lateral hole.
The breathing flute's soft notes are heard around. Pope.
2. (Arch.) A channel of curved section; -- usually applied to one of a
vertical series of such channels used to decorate columns and
pilasters in classical architecture. See Illust. under Base, n.
3. A similar channel or groove made in wood or other material, esp. in
plaited cloth, as in a lady's ruffle.
4. A long French breakfast roll. Simonds.
5. A stop in an organ, having a flutelike sound.
Flute bit, a boring tool for piercing ebony, rosewood, and other hard
woods. -- Flute pipe, an organ pipe having a sharp lip or wind-cutter
which imparts vibrations to Knight.
Flute
Flute (?), n. [Cf. F. fl a transport, D. fluit.] A kindof flyboat; a
storeship. Armed en fl\'96te ( (Nav.), partially armed.
Flute
Flute (?), v. i. [OE. flouten, floiten, OF. fla\'81ter, fle\'81ter,
flouster, F. fl\'96ter, cf. D. fluiten; ascribed to an assumed LL.
flautare, flatuare, fr. L. flatus a blowing, fr. flare to blow. Cf.
Flout, Flageolet, Flatulent.] To play on, or as on, a flute; to make a
flutelike sound.
Flute
Flute, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fluted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fluting (?).]
1. To play, whistle, or sing with a clear, soft note, like that of a
flute.
Knaves are men, That lute and flute fantastic tenderness. Tennyson.
The redwing flutes his o-ka-lee. Emerson.
2. To form flutes or channels in, as in a column, a ruffle, etc.
Fl\'96te \'85 bec
Fl\'96te` \'85 bec" (?). [F.] (Mus.) A beak flute, an older form of
the flute, played with a mouthpiece resembling a beak, and held like a
flageolet.
Fluted
Flut"ed (?), a.
1. Thin; fine; clear and mellow; flutelike; as, fluted notes. Busby.
2. Decorated with flutes; channeled; grooved; as, a fluted column; a
fluted ruffle; a fluted spectrum.
Flutemouth
Flute"mouth` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A fish of the genus Aulostoma, having
a much elongated tubular snout.
Fluter
Flut"er (?), n.
1. One who plays on the flute; a flutist or flautist.
2. One who makes grooves or flutings.
Fluting
Flut"ing, n. Decoration by means of flutes or channels; a flute, or
flutes collectively; as, the fluting of a column or pilaster; the
fluting of a lady's ruffle. Fluting iron, a laundry iron for fluting
ruffles; -- called also Italian iron, or gaufering iron. Knight. --
Fluting lathe, a machine for forming spiral flutes, as on balusters,
table legs, etc.
Flutist
Flut"ist (?), n. [Cf. F. fl\'96tiste.] A performer on the flute; a
flautist. Busby.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 576
2. To move with quick vibrations or undulations; as, a sail flutters
in the wind; a fluttering fan.
3. To move about briskly, irregularly, or with great bustle and show,
without much result.
No rag, no scrap, of all the beau, or wit, That once so fluttered,
and that once so writ. Pope.
4. To be in agitation; to move irregularly; to flucttuate; to be
uncertainty.
Long we fluttered on the wings of doubtful success. Howell.
His thoughts are very fluttering and wandering. I. Watts.
Flutter
Flut"ter (?), v. t.
1. To vibrate or move quickly; as, a bird flutters its wings.
2. To drive in disorder; to throw into confusion.
Like an eagle in a dovecote, I Fluttered your Volscians in Corioli.
Shak.
Flutter
Flut"ter, n.
1. The act of fluttering; quick and irregular motion; vibration; as,
the flutter of a fan.
The chirp and flutter of some single bird Milnes. .
2. Hurry; tumult; agitation of the mind; confusion; disorder. Pope.
Flutter wheel, a water wheel placed below a fall or in a chute where
rapidly moving water strikes the tips of the floats; -- so called from
the spattering, and the fluttering noise it makes.
Flutterer
Flut"ter*er (?), n. One who, or that which, flutters.
Flutteringly
Flut"ter*ing*ly, adv. In a fluttering manner.
Fluty
Flut"y (?), a. Soft and clear in tone, like a flute.
Fluvial
Flu"vi*al (?), a. [L. fluvialis, from fluvius river, fr. fluere to
flow: cf.F. fluvial. See Fluent.] Belonging to rivers; growing or
living in streams or ponds; as, a fluvial plant.
Fluvialist
Flu"vi*al*ist, n. One who exlpains geological phenomena by the action
of streams. [R.]
Fluviatic
Flu`vi*at"ic (?), a. [L. fluviaticus. See Fluvial.] Belonging to
rivers or streams; fluviatile. Johnson.
Fluviatile
Flu"vi*a*tile (?), a. [L. fluviatilis, fr. fluvius river: cf. F.
fluviatile.] Belonging to rivers or streams; existing in or about
rivers; produced by river action; fluvial; as, fluviatile starta,
plants. Lyell.
Fluvio-marine
Flu`vi*o-ma*rine" (?), a. [L. fluvius river + E. marine.] (Geol.)
Formed by the joint action of a river and the sea, as deposits at the
mouths of rivers.
Flux
Flux (?), n. [L. fluxus, fr. fluere, fluxum,to flow: cf.F. flux. See
Fluent, and cf. 1st & 2d Floss, Flush, n., 6.]
1. The act of flowing; a continuous moving on or passing by, as of a
flowing stream; constant succession; change.
By the perpetual flux of the liquids, a great part of them is
thrown out of the body. Arbuthnot.
Her image has escaped the flux of things, And that same infant
beauty that she wore Is fixed upon her now forevermore. Trench.
Languages, like our bodies, are in a continual flux. Felton.
2. The setting in of the tide toward the shore, -- the (reflux
.
3. The state of beinng liquid through heat; fusion.
4. (Chem.& Metal.) Any substance or mixture used to promote the fusion
of metals or minerals, as alkalies, borax, lime, fluorite.
NOTE: &hand; Wh ite fl ux is th e re siduum of the combustion of a
mixture of equal parts of niter and tartar. It consists chiefly of
the carbonate of potassium, and is white.- Black flux is the
ressiduum of the combustion of one part of niter and two of tartar,
and consists essentially of a mixture of potassium carbonate and
charcoal.
5. (Med.) (a) A fluid discharge from the bowels or other part;
especially, an excessive and morbid discharge; as, the bloody flux or
dysentery. See Bloody flux. (b) The matter thus discharged.
6. (Physics) The quantity of a fluid that crosses a unit area of a
given surface in a unit of time.
Flux
Flux, a. [L. fluxus, p. p. of fluere. See Flux, n.] Flowing; unstable;
inconstant; variable.
The flux nature of all things here. Barrow.
Flux
Flux, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fluxed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fluxing.]
1. To affect, or bring to a certain state, by flux.
He might fashionably and genteelly . . . have been dueled or fluxed
into another world. South.
2. To cause to become fluid; to fuse. Kirwan.
3. (Med.) To cause a discharge from; to purge.
Fluxation
Flux*a"tion (?), n. The act of fluxing.
Fluxibility
Flux`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. LL. fluxibilitas fluidity.] The quality
of being fluxible. Hammond.
Fluxible
Flux"i*ble (?), a. [Cf.LL. fluxibilis fluid, OF. fluxible.] Capable of
being melted or fused, as a mineral. Holland. -- Flux"i*ble*ness, n.
Fluxile
Flux"ile (?), a. [L. fluxilis, a., fluid.] Fluxible. [R.]
Fluxility
Flux*il"i*ty (?), n. State of being fluxible.[Obs.]
Fluxion
Flux"ion (?), n. [Cf. F. fluxion.] The act of flowing. Cotgrave.
2. The matter that flows. Wiseman.
3. Fusion; the running of metals into a fluid state.
4. (Med.) An unnatural or excessive flow of blood or fluid toward any
organ; a determination.
5. A constantly varying indication.
Less to be counted than the fluxions of sun dials. De Quincey.
6. (Math.) (a) The infinitely small increase or decrease of a variable
or flowing quantity in a certain infinitely small and constant period
of time; the rate of variation of a fluent; an incerement; a
differential. (b) pl. A method of analysis developed by Newton, and
based on the conception of all magnitudes as generated by motion, and
involving in their changes the notion of velocity or rate of change.
Its results are the same as those of the differential and integral
calculus, from which it differs little except in notation and logical
method.
Fluxional
Flux"ion*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or having the nature of, fluxion or
fluxions; variable; inconstant.
The merely human,the temporary and fluxional. Coleridge.
Fluxional structure (Geol.), fluidal structure.
Fluxionary
Flux"ion*a*ry (?), a.
1. Fluxional. Berkeley.
2. (Med.) Pertaining to, or caused by, an increased flow of blood to a
part; congestive; as, a fluxionary hemorrhage.
Fluxionist
Flux"ion*ist, n. One skilled in fluxions. Berkeley.
Fluxions
Flux"ions (?), n. pl. (Math.) See Fluxion, 6(b).
Fluxive
Flux"ive (?), a. Flowing; also, wanting solidity. B. Jonson.
Fluxure
Flux"ure (?; 138), n. [L. fluxura a flowing.]
1. The quality of being fluid. [Obs.] Fielding.
2. Fluid matter. [Obs.] Drayton.
Fly
Fly (?), v. i. [imp. Flew (?); p. p. Flown (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Flying.] [OE. fleen, fleen, fleyen, flegen, AS. fle\'a2gan; akin to D.
vliegen, ONG. fliogan, G. fliegen, Icel. flj, Sw. flyga, Dan. flyve,
Goth. us-flaugjan to cause to fly away, blow about, and perh. to L.
pluma feather, E. plume. Fledge, Flight, Flock of animals.]
1. To move in or pass thorugh the air with wings, as a bird.
2. To move through the air or before the wind; esp., to pass or be
driven rapidly through the air by any impulse.
3. To float, wave, or rise in the air, as sparks or a flag.
Man is born unto trouble, as the sparks fly upward. Job v. 7.
4. To move or pass swiftly; to hasten away; to circulate rapidly; as,
a ship flies on the deep; a top flies around; rumor flies.
Fly, envious Time, till thou run out thy race. Milton.
The dark waves murmured as the ships flew on. Bryant.
5. To run from danger; to attempt to escape; to flee; as, an enemy or
a coward flies. See Note under Flee.
Fly, ere evil intercept thy flight. Milton.
Whither shall I fly to escape their hands ? Shak.
6. To move suddenly, or with violence; to do an act suddenly or
swiftly; -- usually with a qualifying word; as, a door flies open; a
bomb flies apart.
To fly about (Naut.), to change frequently in a short time; -- said of
the wind. -- To fly around, to move about in haste. [Colloq.] -- To
fly at, to spring toward; to rush on; to attack suddenly. -- To fly in
the face of, to insult; to assail; to set at defiance; to oppose with
violence; to act in direct opposition to; to resist. -- To fly off, to
separate, or become detached suddenly; to revolt. -- To fly on, to
attack. -- To fly open, to open suddenly, or with violence. -- To fly
out. (a) To rush out. (b) To burst into a passion; to break out into
license. -- To let fly. (a) To throw or drive with violence; to
discharge. "A man lets fly his arrow without taking any aim." Addison.
(b) (Naut.) To let go suddenly and entirely; as, to let fly the
sheets.
Fly
Fly, v. t.
1. To cause to fly or to float in the air, as a bird, a kite, a flag,
etc.
The brave black flag I fly. W. S. Gilbert.
2. To fly or flee from; to shun; to avoid.
Sleep flies the wretch. Dryden.
To fly the favors of so good a king. Shak.
3. To hunt with a hawk. [Obs.] Bacon.
To fly a kite (Com.), to raise money on commercial notes. [Cant or
Slang]
Fly
Fly, n.; pl. Flies (#). [OE. flie, flege, AS. fl?ge, fle\'a2ge, fr.
fle\'a2gan to fly; akin to D. vlieg, OHG. flioga, G. fliege, Icel. &
Sw. fluga, Dan. flue. Fly, v. i.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any winged insect; esp., one with transparent wings;
as, the Spanish fly; firefly; gall fly; dragon fly. (b) Any dipterous
insect; as, the house fly; flesh fly; black fly. See Diptera, and
Illust. in Append.
2. A hook dressed in imitation of a fly, -- used for fishing. "The
fur-wrought fly." Gay. <-- fly fishing, fly fisherman. -->
3. A familiar spirit; a witch's attendant. [Obs.]
A trifling fly, none of your great familiars. B. Jonson.
4. A parasite. [Obs.] Massinger.
5. A kind of light carriage for rapid transit, plying for hire and
usually drawn by one horse. [Eng.]
6. The length of an extended flag from its staff; sometimes, the
length from the "union" to the extreme end.
7. The part of a vane pointing the direction from which the wind
blows.
8. (Naut.) That part of a compass on which the points are marked; the
compass card. Totten.
9. (Mech.) (a) Two or more vanes set on a revolving axis, to act as a
fanner, or to equalize or impede the motion of machinery by the
resistance of the air, as in the striking part of a clock. (b) A heavy
wheel, or cross arms with weights at the ends on a revolving axis, to
regulate or equalize the motion of machinery by means of its inertia,
where the power communicated, or the resistance to be overcome, is
variable, as in the steam engine or the coining press. See Fly wheel
(below).
10. (Knitting Machine) The piece hinged to the needle, which holds the
engaged loop in position while the needle is penetrating another loop;
a latch. Knight.
11. The pair of arms revolving around the bobbin, in a spinning wheel
or spinning frame, to twist the yarn.
12. (Weaving) A shuttle driven through the shed by a blow or jerk.
Knight.
13. (a) Formerly, the person who took the printed sheets from the
press. (b) A vibrating frame with fingers, attached to a power to a
power printing press for doing the same work.
14. The outer canvas of a tent with double top, usually drawn over the
ridgepole, but so extended as to touch the roof of the tent at no
other place.
15. One of the upper screens of a stage in a theater.
16. The fore flap of a bootee; also, a lap on trousers, overcoats,
etc., to conceal a row of buttons.
17. (Baseball) A batted ball that flies to a considerable distance,
usually high in the air; also, the flight of a ball so struck; as, it
was caught on the fly.
Black fly, Cheese fly, Dragon fly, etc. See under Black, Cheese, etc.
-- Fly agaric (Bot.), a mushroom (Agaricus muscarius), having a
narcotic juice which, in sufficient quantities, is poisonous. -- Fly
block (Naut.), a pulley whose position shifts to suit the working of
the tackle with which it is connected; -- used in the hoisting tackle
of yards. -- Fly board (Printing Press), the board on which printed
sheets are deposited by the fly. -- Fly book, a case in the form of a
book for anglers' flies. Kingsley. -- Fly cap, a cap with wings,
formerly worn by women. -- Fly drill, a drill having a reciprocating
motion controlled by a fly wheel, the driving power being applied by
the hand through a cord winding in reverse directions upon the spindle
as it rotates backward and forward. Knight. -- Fly fishing, the act or
art of angling with a bait of natural or artificial flies. Walton. --
Fly flap, an implement for killing flies. -- Fly governor, a governor
for regulating the speed of an engine, etc., by the resistance of
vanes revolving in the air. -- Fly honeysuckle (Bot.), a plant of the
honeysuckle genus (Lonicera), having a bushy stem and the flowers in
pairs, as L. ciliata and L. Xylosteum. -- Fly hook, a fishhook
supplied with an artificial fly. -- Fly leaf, an unprinted leaf at the
beginning or end of a book, circular, programme, etc. -- Fly maggot, a
maggot bred from the egg of a fly. Ray. -- Fly net, a screen to
exclude insects. -- Fly nut (Mach.), a nut with wings; a thumb nut; a
finger nut. -- Fly orchis (Bot.), a plant (Ophrys muscifera), whose
flowers resemble flies. -- Fly paper, poisoned or sticky paper for
killing flies that feed upon or are entangled by it. -- Fly powder, an
arsenical powder used to poison flies. -- Fly press, a screw press for
punching, embossing, etc., operated by hand and having a heavy fly. --
Fly rail, a bracket which turns out to support the hinged leaf of a
table. -- Fly rod, a light fishing rod used in angling with a fly. --
Fly sheet, a small loose advertising sheet; a handbill. -- Fly snapper
(Zo\'94l.), an American bird (Phainopepla nitens), allied to the
chatterers and shrikes. The male is glossy blue-black; the female
brownish gray. -- Fly wheel (Mach.), a heavy wheel attached to
machinery to equalize the movement (opposing any sudden acceleration
by its inertia and any retardation by its momentum), and to accumulate
or give out energy for a variable or intermitting resistance. See Fly,
n., 9. -- On the fly (Baseball), still in the air; -- said of a batted
ball caught before touching the ground.<-- (b) at the moment needed,
without prior preparation. -- said of objects created as needed in the
course of some activity, rather than having been prepared before the
activity began. A term Much used in computer programming. (c) busy; in
motion.-->.
Fly
Fly (?), a. Knowing; wide awake; fully understanding another's
meaning. [Slang] Dickens.
Flybane
Fly"bane` (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of catchfly of the genus Silene; also,
a poisonous mushroom (Agaricus muscarius); fly agaric.
Fly-bitten
Fly"-bit`ten (?), a. Marked by, or as if by, the bite of flies. Shak.
Flyblow
Fly"blow` (?), v. t. To deposit eggs upon, as a flesh fly does on
meat; to cause to be maggoty; hence, to taint or contaminate, as if
with flyblows. Bp. Srillingfleet.
Flyblow
Fly"blow`, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the eggs or young larv\'91 deposited
by a flesh fly, or blowfly.
Flyblown
Fly"blown` (?), a. Tainted or contaminated with flyblows; damaged;
foul.
Wherever flyblown reputations were assembled. Thackeray.
Flyboat
Fly"boat` (?), n. [Fly + boat: cf. D. vlieboot.]
1. (Naut.) A large Dutch coasting vessel.
Captain George Weymouth made a voyage of discovery to the northwest
with two flyboats. Purchas.
2. A kind of passenger boat formerly used on canals.
Fly-case
Fly"-case` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The covering of an insect, esp. the
elytra of beetles.
Flycatcher
Fly"catch`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of numerous species of birds that
feed upon insects, which they take on the wing.
NOTE: &hand; The true flycatchers of the Old World are Oscines, and
belong to the family Muscicapid\'91, as the spotted flycatcher
(Muscicapa grisola). The American flycatchers, or tyrant
flycatchers, are Clamatores, and belong to the family Tyrannid\'91,
as the kingbird, pewee, crested flycatcher (Myiarchus crinitus),
and the vermilion flycatcher or churinche (Pyrocephalus rubineus).
Certain American flycatching warblers of the family Sylvicolid\'91
are also called flycatchers, as the Canadian flycatcher (Sylvania
Canadensis), and the hooded flycatcher (S. mitrata). See Tyrant
flycatcher.
Fly-catching
Fly"-catch`ing, a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the habit of catching insects on
the wing.
Flyer
Fly"er (?), n. [See Flier.]
1. One that uses wings.
2. The fly of a flag: See Fly, n., 6.
3. Anything that is scattered abroad in great numbers as a theatrical
programme, an advertising leaf, etc.
4. (Arch.) One in a flight of steps which are parallel to each
other(as in ordinary stairs), as distinguished from a winder.
5. The pair of arms attached to the spindle of a spinning frame, over
which the thread passes to the bobbin; -- so called from their swift
revolution. See Fly, n., 11.
6. The fan wheel that rotates the cap of a windmill as the wind veers.
Internat. Cyc.
7. (Stock Jobbing) A small operation not involving ? considerable part
of one's capital, or not in the line of one's ordinary business; a
venture. [Cant] Bartlett.
Flyfish
Fly"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A California scorp\'91noid fish
(Sebastichthys rhodochloris), having brilliant colors.
Fly-fish
Fly"-fish, v. i. To angle, using flies for bait. Walton.
Flying
Fly"ing (?), a. [From Fly, v. i.] Moving in the air with, or as with,
wings; moving lightly or rapidly; intended for rapid movement.
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Page 577
Flying army (Mil.) a body of cavalry and infantry, kept in motion, to
cover its own garrisons and to keep the enemy in continual alarm.
Farrow. --Flying artillery (Mil.), artillery trained to rapid
evolutions, -- the men being either mounted or trained to spring upon
the guns and caissons when they change position. -- Flying bridge,
Flying camp. See under Bridge, and Camp. -- Flying buttress (Arch.), a
contrivance for taking up the thrust of a roof or vault which can not
be supported by ordinary buttresses. It consists of a straight bar of
masonry, usually sloping, carried on an arch, and a solid pier or
buttress sufficient to receive the thrust. The word is generally
applied only to the straight bar with supporting arch. -- Flying
colors, flags unfurled and waving in the air; hence: To come off with
flying colors, to be victorious; to succeed thoroughly in an
undertaking. -- Flying doe (Zo\'94l.), a young female kangaroo. --
Flying dragon. (a) (Zo\'94l.) See Dragon, 6. (b) A meteor. See under
Dragon. -- Flying Dutchman. (a) A fabled Dutch mariner condemned for
his crimes to sail the seas till the day of judgment. (b) A spectral
ship. -- Flying fish. (Zo\'94l.) See Flying fish, in the Vocabulary.
-- Flying fox (Zo\'94l.), the colugo. -- Flying frog (Zo\'94l.), an
East Indian tree frog of the genus Rhacophorus, having very large and
broadly webbed feet, which serve as parachutes, and enable it to make
very long leaps. -- Flying gurnard (Zo\'94l.), a species of gurnard of
the genus Cephalacanthus or Dactylopterus, with very large pectoral
fins, said to be able to fly like the flying fish, but not for so
great a distance.
NOTE: Three sp ecies ar e kn own; th at of th e At lantic is
Cephalacanthus volitans.
-- Flying jib (Naut.), a sail extended outside of the standing jib, on
the flying-jib boom. -- Flying-jib boom (Naut.), an extension of the
jib boom. -- Flying kites (Naut.), light sails carried only in fine
weather. -- Flying lemur. (Zo\'94l.) See Colugo. -- Flying level
(Civil Engin.), a reconnoissance level over the course of a projected
road, canal, etc. -- Flying lizard. (Zo\'94l.) See Dragon, n, 6. --
Flying machine, an apparatus for navigating the air; a form of
balloon. -- Flying mouse (Zo\'94l.), the opossum mouse (Acrobates
pygm\'91us), of Australia.
NOTE: It has lateral folds of skin, like the flying squirrels.
-- Flying party (Mil.), a body of soldiers detailed to hover about an
enemy. -- Flying phalanger (Zo\'94l.), one of several species of small
marsuupials of the genera Petaurus and Belideus, of Australia and New
Guinea, having lateral folds like those of the flying squirrels. The
sugar squirrel (B. sciureus), and the ariel (B. ariel), are the best
known; -- called also squirrel petaurus and flying squirrel. See Sugar
squirrel. -- Flying pinion, the fly of a clock. -- Flying sap (Mil.),
the rapid construction of trenches (when the enemy's fire of case shot
precludes the method of simple trenching), by means of gabions placed
in juxtaposition and filled with earth. -- Flying shot, a shot fired
at a moving object, as a bird on the wing. -- Flying spider.
(Zo\'94l.) See Ballooning spider. -- Flying squid (Zo\'94l.), an
oceanic squid (Ommastrephes, OR Sthenoteuthis, Bartramii), abundant in
the Gulf Stream, which is able to leap out of the water with such
force that it often falls on the deck of a vessel. -- Flying squirrel
(Zo\'94l.) See Flying squirrel, in the Vocabulary. -- Flying start, a
start in a sailing race in which the signal is given while the vessels
are under way. -- Flying torch (Mil.), a torch attached to a long
staff and used for signaling at night.
Flying fish
Fly"ing fish` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A fish which is able to leap from the
water, and fly a considerable distance by means of its large and long
pectoral fins. These fishes belong to several species of the genus
Exoc\'d2tus, and are found in the warmer parts of all the oceans.
Flying squirrel
Fly"ing squir"rel (? or ?). (Zo\'94l.) One of a group of squirrels, of
the genera Pteromus and Sciuropterus, having parachute-like folds of
skin extending from the fore to the hind legs, which enable them to
make very long leaps.
NOTE: &hand; Th e sp ecies of Pteromys are large, with bushy tails,
and inhabit southern Asia and the East Indies; those of
Sciuropterus are smaller, with flat tails, and inhabit the northern
parts of Europe, Asia, and America. The American species
(Sciuropterus volucella) is also called Assapan. The Australian
flying squrrels, or flying phalangers, are marsupials. See Flying
phalanger (above).
Flyman
Fly"man (?), n.; pl. Flymen (-m?n). The driver of a fly, or light
public carriage.
Flysch
Flysch (fl?sh), n. [A Swiss word, fr. G. fliessen to flow, melt.]
(Geol.) A name given to the series of sandstones and schists overlying
the true nummulitic formation in the Alps, and included in the Eocene
Tertiary.
Flyspeck
Fly"speck (fl?'sp?k), n. A speck or stain made by the excrement of a
fly; hence, any insignificant dot.
Flyspeck
Fly"speck (?), v. t. To soil with flyspecks.
Flytrap
Fly"trap (?), n.
1 . A trap for catching flies.
2. (Bot.) A plant (Dion\'91a muscipula), called also Venus's flytrap,
the leaves of which are fringed with stiff bristles, and fold together
when certain hairs on their upper surface are touched, thus seizing
insects that light on them. The insects so caught are afterwards
digested by a secretion from the upper surface of the leaves.
Fnese
Fnese (?), v. i. [AS. fn?san, gefn?san.] To breathe heavily; to snort.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Fo
Fo (?), n. The Chinese name of Buddha.
Foal
Foal (?), n. [OE. fole, AS. fola; akin to OHG. folo, G. fohlen, Goth.
fula, Icel. foli, Sw Lf?le, Gr.?????, L. pullus a young animal. Cf.
Filly, Poultry, Pullet.] (Zo\'94.) The young of any animal of the
Horse family (Equid\'91); a colt; a filly. Foal teeth (Zo\'94l.), the
first set of teeth of a horse. -- In foal, With foal, being with
young; pregnant; -- said of a mare or she ass.
Foal
Foal (?), v.t. [imp.& p.p. Foaled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Foaling.] To
bring forth (a colt); -- said of a mare or a she ass.
Foal
Foal (?), v.i. To bring forth young, as an animal of the horse kind.
Foalfoot
Foal"foot` (?), n. (Bot.) See Coltsfoot.
Foam
Foam (?), n. [OE. fam, fom, AS. f?m; akin to OHG. & G. feim.] The
white substance, consisting of an aggregation of bubbles, which is
formed on the surface of liquids,or in the mouth of an animal, by
violent agitation or fermentation; froth; spume; scum; as, the foam of
the sea. Foam cock, in steam boilers, a cock at the water level, to
blow off impurities.
Foam
Foam (?), v.i. [imp.& p.p. Foamed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.pos> Foaming.]
[AS. f?man. See Foam, n.]
1. To gather foam; to froth; as, the billows foam.
He foameth, and gnasheth with his teeth. Mark ix. 18.
2. To form foam, or become filled with foam; -- said of a steam boiler
when the water is unduly agitated and frothy, as because of chemical
action.
Foam
Foam (?), v.t. To cause to foam; as,to foam the goblet; also (with
out), to throw out with rage or violence, as foam. "Foaming out their
own shame." Jude 13.
Foamingly
Foam"ing*ly (?), adv. With foam; frothily.
Foamless
Foam"less (?), a. Having no foam.
Foamy
Foam"y (?), a. Covered with foam; frothy; spumy.
Behold how high the foamy billows ride! Dryden.
Fob
Fob (?), n. [Cf.Prov. G. fuppe pocket.] A little pocket for a watch.
Fob chain, a short watch chain worn a watch carried in the fob.
Fob
Fob (?), v.t. [imp. & p. p. Fobbed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Fobbing.]
[Cf.Fop.]
1. To beat; to maul. [Obs.]
2. To cheat; to trick; to impose on. Shak.
To fob off, to shift off by an artifice; to put aside; to delude with
a trick."A conspiracy of bishops could prostrate and fob off the right
of the people." Milton.
Focal
Fo"cal (?), a. [Cf.F. focal. See Focus.] Belonging to,or concerning, a
focus; as, a focal point. Focal distance, or length,of a lens or
mirror (Opt.), the distance of the focus from the surface of the lens
or mirror, or more exactly, in the case of a lens, from its optical
center. --Focal distance of a telescope, the distance of the image of
an object from the object glass.
Focalization
Fo`cal*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of focalizing or bringing to a focus,
or the state of being focalized.
Focalize
Fo"cal*ize (?), v. t. [imp.& p. p. Focalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Focalizing (?).] To bring to a focus; to focus; to concentrate.
Light is focalized in the eye, sound in the ear. De Quincey.
Focillate
Foc"il*late (?), v. t. [L. focilatus,p.p. of focillare.] To nourish.
[Obs.] Blount.
Focillation
Foc`il*la"tion (?), n. Comfort; support. [Obs.]
Focimeter
Fo*cim"e*ter (?), n. [Focus + -meter.] (Photog.) An assisting
instrument for focusing an object in or before a camera. Knight.
Focus
Fo"cus (?), n.; pl. E. Focuses (#), L. Foci (#). [L. focus hearth,
fireplace; perh. akin to E. bake. Cf. Curfew, Fuel, Fusil the
firearm.]
1. (Opt.) A point in which the rays of light meet, after being
reflected or refrcted, and at which the image is formed; as, the focus
of a lens or mirror.
2. (Geom.) A point so related to a conic section and certain straight
line called the directrix that the ratio of the distace between any
point of the curve and the focus to the distance of the same point
from the directrix is constant.
NOTE: &hand; Thus, in the ellipse FGHKLM, A is the focus and CD the
directrix, when the ratios FA:FE, GA:GD, MA:MC, etc., are all
equal. So in the hyperbola, A is the focus and CD the directrix
when the ratio HA:HK is constant for all points of the curve; and
in the parabola, A is the focus and CD the directrix when the ratio
BA:BC is constant. In the ellipse this ratio is less than unity, in
the parabola equal to unity, and in the hyperbola greater than
unity. The ellipse and hyperbola have each two foci, and two
corresponding directrixes, and the parabola has one focus and one
directrix. In the ellipse the sum of the two lines from any point
of the curve to the two foci is constant; that is: AG+GB=AH+HB; and
in the hyperbola the difference of the corresponding lines is
constant. The diameter which passes through the foci of the ellipse
is the major axis. The diameter which being produced passes through
the foci of the hyperbola is the transverse axis. The middle point
of the major or the transverse axis is the center of the curve.
Certain other curves, as the lemniscate and the Cartesian ovals,
have points called foci, possessing properties similar to those of
the foci of conic sections. In an ellipse, rays of light coming
from one focus, and reflected from the curve, proceed in lines
directed toward the other; in an hyperbola, in lines directed from
the other; in a parabola, rays from the focus, after reflection at
the curve, proceed in lines parallel to the axis. Thus rays from A
in the ellipse are reflected to B; rays from A in the hyperbola are
reflected toward L and M away from B.
3. A central point; a point of concentration.
Aplanatic focus. (Opt.) See under Aplanatic. -- Conjugate focus
(Opt.), the focus for rays which have a sensible divergence, as from a
near object; -- so called because the positions of the object and its
image are interchangeable. -- Focus tube (Phys.), a vacuum tube for
R\'d2ntgen rays in which the cathode rays are focused upon the
anticathode, for intensifying the effect. -- Principal, OR Solar,
focus (Opt.), the focus for parallel rays.
Focus
Fo"cus (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Focused (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Focusing.] To bring to a focus; to focalize; as, to focus a camera. R.
Hunt.
Fodder
Fod"der (?), n. [See 1st Fother.] A weight by which lead and some
other metals were formerly sold, in England, varying from 19 to 24
cwt.; a fother. [Obs.]
Fodder
Fod"der (?), n. [AS. f?dder, f?ddor, fodder (also sheath case), fr.
f?da food; akin to D. voeder, OHG. fuotar, G. futter, Icel. f??r, Sw.
& Dan. foder. &root;75. See Food Land cf. Forage, Fur.] That which is
fed out to cattle horses, and sheep, as hay, cornstalks, vegetables,
etc.
Fodder
Fod"der (?), v.t. [imp.& p.p. Foddered (-d?rd); p. pr. & vb. n.
Foddering.] To feed, as cattle, with dry food or cut grass, etc.;to
furnish with hay, straw, oats, etc.
Fodderer
Fod"der*er (?), n. One who fodders cattle.
Fodient
Fo"di*ent (?), a. [L. fodiens, p. pr. of fodere to dig.] Fitted for,
or pertaining to, digging.
Fodient
Fo"di*ent (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Fodientia.
Fodientia
Fo`di*en"ti*a (?), n.pl. [NL., fr. L. fodiens p. pr., digging.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group of African edentates including the aard-vark.
Foe
Foe (?), n. [OE. fo, fa, AS. f?h hostile; prob. akin to E. fiend.
&root;81.] See Fiend, and cf. Feud a quarrel.
1. One who entertains personal enmity, hatred, grudge, or malice,
against another; an enemy.
A man's foes shall be they of his own household. Matt. x. 36
2. An enemy in war; a hostile army.
3. One who opposes on principle; an opponent; an adversary; an
ill-wisher; as, a foe to religion.
A foe to received doctrines. I. Watts
Foe
Foe (?), v. t. To treat as an enemy. [Obs.] Spenser.
Foehood
Foe"hood (?), n. Enmity. Br. Bedell.
Foeman
Foe"man (?), n.; pl. Foemen (-men). [AS. f?hman.] An enemy in war.
And the stern joy which warriors feel In foemen worthy of their
steel. Sir W. Scott
F\'d2tal
F\'d2"tal (?), a. Same as Fetal.
F\'d2tation
F\'d2*ta"tion (?), n. Same as Fetation.
F\'d2ticide
F\'d2"ti*cide (?), n. Same as Feticide.
F\'d2tor
F\'d2"tor (?), n. Same as Fetor.
F\'d2tus
F\'d2"tus (?), n. Same as Fetus.
Fog
Fog (?), n. [Cf. Scot. fog, fouge, moss, foggag? rank grass, LL.
fogagium, W. ffug dry grass.] (Agric.) (a) A second growth of grass;
aftergrass. (b) Dead or decaying grass remaining on land through the
winter; -- called also foggage. [Prov.Eng.] Halliwell.
NOTE: Sometimes ca lled, in New England, old tore. In Scotland, fog
is a general name for moss.
Fog
Fog (?), v. t. (Agric.) To pasture cattle on the fog, or aftergrass,
of; to eat off the fog from.
Fog
Fog (?), v. i. [Etymol. uncertain.] To practice in a small or mean
way; to pettifog. [Obs.]
Where wouldst thou fog to get a fee? Dryden.
Fog
Fog (?), n. [Dan. sneefog snow falling thick, drift of snow, driving
snow, cf. Icel. fok spray, snowdrift, fj?? snowstorm, fj?ka to drift.]
1. Watery vapor condensed in the lower part of the atmosphere and
disturbing its transparency. It differs from cloud only in being near
the ground, and from mist in not approaching so nearly to fine rain.
See Cloud.
2. A state of mental confusion.
Fog alarm, Fog bell, Fog horn, etc., a bell, horn, whistle or other
contrivance that sounds an alarm, often automatically, near places of
danger where visible signals would be hidden in thick weather. -- Fog
bank, a mass of fog resting upon the sea, and resembling distant land.
-- Fog ring, a bank of fog arranged in a circular form, -- often seen
on the coast of Newfoundland.
Fog
Fog (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fogged (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Fogging (#).]
To envelop, as with fog; to befog; to overcast; to darken; to obscure.
Fog
Fog (?), v. i. (Photog.) To show indistinctly or become indistinct, as
the picture on a negative sometimes does in the process of
development.
Foge
Foge (?), n. The Cornish name for a forge used for smelting tin.
Raymond
Fo'gey
Fo'gey (?), n. See Fogy.
Fog'gage
Fog'gage (?; 48), n. (Agric.) See 1st Fog.
Fog'ger
Fog'ger (?), n. One who fogs; a pettifogger. [Obs.]
A beggarly fogger. Terence in English(1614)
Foggily
Fog"gi*ly (?), adv. In a foggy manner; obscurely. Johnson.
Fogginess
Fog"gi*ness (?), n. The state of being foggy. Johnson.
Foggy
Fog"gy (?), a. [Compar. Foggier (?); superl. Foggiest.] [From 4th
Fog.]
1. Filled or abounding with fog, or watery exhalations; misty; as, a
foggy atmosphere; a foggy morning. Shak.
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Page 578
2. Beclouded; dull; obscure; as, foggy ideas.
Your coarse, foggy, drowsy conceit. Hayward.
Fogie
Fo"gie (?), n. See Fogy.
Fogless
Fog"less (?), a. Without fog; clear. Kane.
Fogy
Fo"gy (?), n.; pl. Fogies (. A dull old fellow; a person behind the
times, over-conservative, or slow; -- usually preceded by old.
[Written also fogie and fogey.] [Colloq.]
Notorious old bore; regular old fogy. Thackeray.
NOTE: &hand; The word is said to be connected with the German vogt,
a guard or protector. By others it is regareded as a diminutive of
folk (cf. D. volkje). It is defined by Jamieson, in his Scottish
Dictionary, as "an invalid or garrison soldier," and is applied to
the old soldiers of the Royal Hospital at Dublin, which is called
the Fogies' Hospital. In the fixed habits of such persons we see
the origin of the present use of the term.
Sir F. Head.
Fogyism
Fo"gy*ism (?), n. The principles and conduct of a fogy. [Colloq.]
Foh
Foh (?), interj. [Cf. Faugh.] An exclamation of abhorrence or
contempt; poh; fle. Shak.
Fohist
Fo"hist (?), n. A Buddhist priest. See Fo.
Foible
Foi"ble (?), a. [OF. foible. See Feeble.] Weak; feeble. [Obs.] Lord
Herbert.
Foible
Foi"ble (?), n.
1. A moral weakness; a failing; a weak point; a frailty.
A disposition radically noble and generous, clouded and
overshadowed by superficial foibles. De Quincey.
2. The half of a sword blade or foil blade nearest the point; --
opposed to forte. [Written also faible.] Syn. -- Fault; imperfection;
failing; weakness; infirmity; frailty; defect. See Fault.
Foil
Foil (foil), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foiled (foild); p. pr. & vb. n.
Foiling.] [F. fouler to tread or trample under one's feet, to press,
oppress. See Full, v. t.]
1. To tread under foot; to trample.
King Richard . . . caused the ensigns of Leopold to be pulled down
and foiled under foot. Knoless.
Whom he did all to pieces breake and foyle, In filthy durt, and
left so in the loathely soyle. Spenser.
2. To render (an effort or attempt) vain or nugatory; to baffle; to
outwit; to balk; to frustrate; to defeat.
And by foiled. Dryden.
Her long locks that foil the painter's power. Byron.
3. To blunt; to dull; to spoil; as, to foil the scent in chase.
Addison.
Foil
Foil, v. t. [See 6th File.] To defile; to soil. [Obs.]
Foil
Foil, n.
1. Failure of success when on the point of attainment; defeat;
frustration; miscarriage. Milton.
Nor e'er was fate so near a foil. Dryden.
2. A blunt weapon used in fencing, resembling a smallsword in the
main, but usually lighter and having a button at the point.
Blunt as the fencer's foils, which hit, but hurt not. Shak.
?socrates contended with a foil against Demosthenes with a word.
Mitford.
3. The track or trail of an animal.
To run a foil,to lead astray; to puzzle; -- alluding to the habits of
some animals of running back over the same track to mislead their
pursuers. Brewer.
Foil
Foil, n. [OE. foil leaf, OF. foil, fuil, fueil, foille, fueille, F.
feuille, fr. L. folium, pl. folia; akin to Gr.blade. Cf. Foliage,
Folio.]
1. A leaf or very thin sheet of metal; as, brass foil; tin foil; gold
foil.
2. (Jewelry) A thin leaf of sheet copper silvered and burnished, and
afterwards coated with transparent colors mixed with isinglass; --
employed by jewelers to give color or brilliancy to pastes and
inferior stones. Ure.
3. Anything that serves by contrast of color or quality to adorn or
set off another thing to advantage.
As she a black silk cap on him began To set, for foil of his
milk-white to serve. Sir P. Sidney.
Hector has a foil to set him off. Broome.
4. A thin coat of tin, with quicksilver, laid on the back of a
looking-glass, to cause reflection.
5. (Arch.) The space between the cusps in Gothic architecture; a
rounded or leaflike ornament, in windows, niches, etc. A group of
foils is called trefoil, quatrefoil, quinquefoil, etc., according to
the number of arcs of which it is composed.
Foil stone, an imitation of a jewel or precious stone.
Foilable
Foil"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being foiled.
Foiler
Foil"er (?), n. One who foils or frustrates. Johnson.
Foiling
Foil"ing, n. (Arch.) A foil. Simmonds.
Foiling
Foil"ing, n. [Cf. F. foul\'82es. See 1st Foil.] (Hunting) The track of
game (as deer) in the grass.
Foin
Foin (foin), n. [F. fouine a marten.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The beech marten (Mustela foina). See Marten.
2. A kind of fur, black at the top on a whitish ground, taken from the
ferret or weasel of the same name.[Obs.]
He came to the stake in a fair black gown furred and faced with
foins. Fuller.
Foin
Foin, v. i. [OE. foinen, foignen; of uncertain origin; cf. dial. F.
fouiner to push for eels with a spear, fr. F. fouine an eelspear,
perh. fr. L. fodere to dig, thrust.] To thrust with a sword or spear;
to lunge. [Obs.]
He stroke, he soused, he foynd, he hewed, he lashed. Spenser.
They lash, they foin, they pass, they strive to bore Their
corselets, and the thinnest parts explore. Dryden.
Foin
Foin, v. t. To prick; to st?ng. [Obs.] Huloet.
Foin
Foin, n. A pass in fencing; a lunge. [Obs.] Shak.
Foinery
Foin"er*y (?), n. Thrusting with the foil; fencing with the point, as
distinguished from broadsword play. [Obs.] Marston.
Foiningly
Foin"ing*ly (?), adv. With a push or thrust. [Obs.]
Foison
Foi"son (?), n. [F. foison, fr. L. fusio a pouring, effusion. See
Fusion.] Rich harvest; plenty; abundance. [Archaic] Lowell.
That from the seedness the bare fallow brings To teeming foison.
Shak.
Foist
Foist (foist), n. [OF. fuste stick, boat, fr. L. fustis cudgel. Cf.
1st Fust.] A light and fast-sailing ship. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Foist
Foist, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Foisting.] [Cf.
OD. vysten to fizzle, D. veesten, E. fizz, fitchet, bullfist.] To
insert surreptitiously, wrongfully, or without warrant; to
interpolate; to pass off (something spurious or counterfeit) as
genuine, true, or worthy; -- usually followed by in.
Lest negligence or partiality might admit or fois? in abuses
corruption. R. Carew.
When a scripture has been corrupted . . . by a supposititious
foisting of some words in. South.
Foist
Foist, n.
1. A foister; a sharper. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
2. A trick or fraud; a swindle. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Foister
Foist"er (?), n. One who foists something surreptitiously; a
falsitier. Mir. for Mag.
Foistied
Foist"ied (?), a. [See 2d Fust.] Fusty. [Obs.]
Foistiness
Foist"i*ness (?), n. Fustiness; mustiness. [Obs.]
Foisty
Foist"y (?), a. Fusty; musty. [Obs.] Johnson.
Fold
Fold (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Folded; p. pr. & vb. n. Folding.] [OE.
folden, falden, AS. fealdan; akin to OHG. faltan, faldan, G. falten,
Icel. falda, Dan. folde, Sw. f\'86lla, Goth. fal, cf. Gr.pu a fold.
Cf. Fauteuil.]
1. To lap or lay in plaits or folds; to lay one part over another part
of; to double; as, to fold cloth; to fold a letter.
As a vesture shalt thou fold them up. Heb. i. 12.
2. To double or lay together, as the arms or the hands; as, he folds
his arms in despair.
3. To inclose within folds or plaitings; to envelop; to infold; to
clasp; to embrace.
A face folded in sorrow. J. Webster.
We will descend and fold him in our arms. Shak.
4. To cover or wrap up; to conceal.
Nor fold my fault in cleanly coined excuses. Shak.
Fold
Fold, v. i. To become folded, plaited, or doubled; to close over
another of the same kind; to double together; as, the leaves of the
door fold. 1 Kings vi. 34.
Fold
Fold, n. [From Fold, v. In sense 2 AS. -feald, akin to fealdan to
fold.]
1. A doubling,esp. of any flexible substance; a part laid over on
another part; a plait; a plication.
Mummies . . . shrouded in a number of folds of linen. Bacon.
Folds are most common in the rocks of mountainous regions. J. D.
Dana.
2. Times or repetitions; -- used with numerals, chiefly in
composition, to denote multiplication or increase in a geometrical
ratio, the doubling, tripling, etc., of anything; as, fourfold, four
times, increased in a quadruple ratio, multiplied by four.
3. That which is folded together, or which infolds or envelops;
embrace.
Shall from your neck unloose his amorous fold. Shak.
Fold net, a kind of net used in catching birds.
Fold
Fold, n. [OE. fald, fold, AS. fald, falod.]
1. An inclosure for sheep; a sheep pen.
Leaps o'er the fence with ease into the fold. Milton.
2. A flock of sheep; figuratively, the Church or a church; as,
Christ's fold.
There shall be one fold and one shepherd. John x. 16.
The very whitest lamb in all my fold. Tennyson.
3. A boundary; a limit. [Obs.] Creech.
Fold yard, an inclosure for sheep or cattle.
Fold
Fold, v. t. To confine in a fold, as sheep.
Fold
Fold, v. i. To confine sheep in a fold. [R.]
The star that bids the shepherd fold. Milton.
Foldage
Fold"age, ( n. [See Fold inclosure, Faldage.] (O.Eng.Law.) See
Faldage.
Folder
Fold"er (?), n. One who, or that which, folds; esp., a flat, knifelike
instrument used for folding paper.
Folderol
Fol"de*rol` (?), n. Nonsense. [Colloq.]
Folding
Fold"ing (?), n.
1. The act of making a fold or folds; also, a fold; a doubling; a
plication.
The lower foldings of the vest. Addison.
2. (Agric.) The keepig of sheep in inclosures on arable land, etc.
Folding boat, a portable boat made by stretching canvas, etc., over
jointed framework, used in campaigning, and by tourists, etc. Ham.
Nav. Encyc. Folding chairFolding door, one of two or more doors
filling a single and hung upon hinges.
Foldless
Fold"less, a. Having no fold. Milman.
Foliaceous
Fo`li*a"ceous (?), a. [L. foliaceus, fr. folium leaf.]
1. (Bot.) Belonging to, or having the texture or nature of, a leaf;
having leaves intermixed with flowers; as, a foliaceous spike.
2. (Min.) Consisting of leaves or thin lamin\'91; having the form of a
leaf or plate; as, foliaceous spar.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Leaflike in form or mode of growth; as, a foliaceous
coral.
Foliage
Fo"li*age (?), n. [OF. foillage, fueillage, F. feuillage, fr. OF.
foille, fueille, fueil, F. feulle, leaf, L. folium. See 3d Foil, and
cf. Foliation, Filemot.]
1. Leaves, collectively, as produced or arranged by nature; leafage;
as, a tree or forest of beautiful foliage.
2. A cluster of leaves, flowers, and branches; especially, the
representation of leaves, flowers, and branches, in architecture,
intended to ornament and enrich capitals, friezes, pediments, etc.
Foliage plant (Bot.), any plant cultivated for the beauty of its
leaves, as many kinds of Begonia and Coleus.
Foliage
Fo"li*age (?), v. t. To adorn with foliage or the imitation of
foliage; to form into the representation of leaves. [R.] Drummond.
Foliaged
Fo"li*aged (?), a. Furnished with foliage; leaved; as, the variously
foliaged mulberry.
Foliar
Fo"li*ar (?), a. (Bot.) Consisting of, or pertaining to, leaves; as,
foliar appendages. Foliar gap (Bot.), an opening in the fibrovascular
system of a stem at the point of origin of a leaf. -- Foliar trace
(Bot.), a particular fibrovascular bundle passing down into the stem
from a leaf.
Foliate
Fo"li*ate (, a. [L. foliatus leaved, leafy, fr. folium leaf. See
Foliage.] (Bot.) Furnished with leaves; leafy; as, a foliate stalk.
Foliate curve. (Geom.) Same as Folium.
Foliate
Fo"li*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foliated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Foliating (?).]
1. To beat into a leaf, or thin plate. Bacon.
2. To spread over with a thin coat of tin and quicksilver; as, to
foliate a looking-glass.
Foliated
Fo"li*a`ted (?), a.
1. Having leaves, or leaflike projections; as, a foliated shell.
2. (Arch.) Containing, or consisting of, foils; as, a foliated arch.
3. (Min.) Characterized by being separable into thin plates or folia;
as, graphite has a foliated structure.
4. (Geol.) Laminated, but restricted to the variety of laminated
structure found in crystalline schist, as mica schist, etc.;
schistose.
5. Spread over with an amalgam of tin and quicksilver.
Foliated telluium. (Min.) See Nagyagite.
Foliation
Fo"li*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. foliation.]
1. The process of forming into a leaf or leaves.
2. The manner in which the young leaves are dispo
The . . . foliation must be in relation to the stem. De Quincey.
3. The act of beating a metal into a thin plate, leaf, foil, or
lamina.
4. The act of coating with an amalgam of tin foil and quicksilver, as
in making looking-glasses.
5. (Arch.) The enrichment of an opening by means of foils, arranged in
trefoils, quatrefoils, etc.; also, one of the ornaments. See Tracery.
6. (Geol.) The property, possessed by some crystalline rocks, of
dividing into plates or slabs, which is due to the cleavage structure
of one of the constituents, as mica or hornblende. It may sometimes
include slaty structure or cleavage, though the latter is usually
independent of any mineral constituent, and transverse to the bedding,
it having been produced by pressure.
Foliature
Fo"li*a*ture (?), n. [L. foliatura foliage.] 1. Foliage; leafage.
[Obs.] Shuckford.
2. The state of being beaten into foil. Johnson.
Folier
Fo"li*er (?), n. Goldsmith's foil. [R.] Sprat.
Foliferous
Fo*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. folium leaf+ -ferous: cf. F. foliif\'8are.]
Producing leaves. [Written also foliiferous.]
Folily
Fol"i*ly (?), a. Foolishly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Folio
Fol"io (?), n.; pl. Folios (#). [Ablative of L. folium leaf. See 4th
Foil.]
1. A leaf of a book or manuscript.
2. A sheet of paper once folded.
3. A book made of sheets of paper each folded once (four pages to the
sheet); hence, a book of the largest kind. See Note under Paper.
4. (Print.) The page number. The even folios are on the left-hand
pages and the odd folios on the right-hand.
5. A page of a book; (Bookkeeping) a page in an account book;
sometimes, two opposite pages bearing the same serial number.
6. (Law) A leaf containing a certain number of words, hence, a certain
number of words in a writing, as in England, in law proceedings 72,
and in chancery, 90; in New York, 100 words.
Folio post, a flat writing paper, usually 17 by 24 inches.
Fol'io
Fol'io, v. t. To put a serial number on each folio or page of (a
book); to page.
Fol'io
Fol'io, a. Formed of sheets each folded once, making two leaves, or
four pages; as, a folio volume. See Folio, n., 3.
Fo'liolate
Fo"'li*o*late (?), a. Of or pertaining to leaflets; -- used in
composition; as, bi-foliolate. Gray.
Foliole
Fo"li*ole (?), n. [Dim. of L. folium leaf: cf. F. foliole.] (Bot.) One
of the distinct parts of a compound leaf; a leaflet.
Foliomort
Fo`li*o*mort" (?), a. See Feuillemort.
Foliose
Fo`li*ose" (?), a. [L. foliosus, fr. folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having many
leaves; leafy.
Foliosity
Fo`li*os"i*ty (?), n. The ponderousness or bulk of a folio;
voluminousness. [R.] De Quincey.
Folious
Fo"li*ous (, a. [See Foliose.]
1. Like a leaf; thin; unsubstantial. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
2. (Bot.) Foliose. [R.]
Folium
Fo"li*um (?), n.; pl. E. Foliums (#), L. Folia (#). [L., a leaf.]
1. A leaf, esp. a thin leaf or plate.
2. (Geom.) A curve of the third order, consisting of two infinite
branches, which have a common asymptote. The curve has a double point,
and a leaf-shaped loop; whence the name. Its equation is x3 + y3 =
axy.
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Page 579
Folk, Folks
Folk (?), Folks (?), n. collect. & pl. [AS. folc; akin to D. volk, OS.
& OHG. folk, G. volk, Icel. f, Sw. & Dan. folk, Lith. pulkas crowd,
and perh. to E. follow.]
1. (Eng. Hist.) In Anglo-Saxon times, the people of a group of
townships or villages; a community; a tribe. [Obs.]
The organization of each folk, as such, sprang mainly from war. J.
R. Green.
2. People in general, or a separate class of people; -- generally used
in the plural form, and often with a qualifying adjective; as, the old
folks; poor folks. [Colloq.]
In winter's tedious nights, sit by the fire With good old folks,
and let them tell thee tales. Shak.
3. The persons of one's own family; as, our folks are all well.
[Colloq. New Eng.] Bartlett.
Folk song, one of a class of songs long popular with the common
people. -- Folk speech, the speech of the common people, as
distinguished from that of the educated class.
Folkland
Folk"land` (?), n. [AS. folcland.] (O.Eng. Law) Land held in
villenage, being distributed among the folk, or people, at the
pleasure of the lord of the manor, and resumed at his discretion. Not
being held by any assurance in writing, it was opposed to bookland or
charter land, which was held by deed. Mozley & W.
Folklore, n., OR Folk lore
Folk"lore` (?), n., OR Folk" lore`. Tales, legends, or superstitions
long current among the people. Trench.
Folkmote
Folk"mote` (?), n. [AS. folcm folk meeting.] An assembly of the
people; esp. (Sax. Law), a general assembly of the people to consider
and order matters of the commonwealth; also, a local court. [Hist.]
To which folkmote they all with one consent Agreed to travel.
Spenser.
Folkmoter
Folk"mot`er (?), n. One who takes part in a folkmote, or local court.
[Obs.] Milton.
Follicle
Fol"li*cle (?), n. [L. folliculus a small bag, husk, pod, dim of
follis bellows, an inflated ball, a leathern money bag, perh. akin to
E. bellows: cf. F. follicule. Cf. 2d Fool.]
1. (Bot.) A simple podlike pericarp which contains several seeds and
opens along the inner or ventral suture, as in the peony, larkspur and
milkweed.
2. (Anat.) (a) A small cavity, tubular depression, or sac; as, a hair
follicle. (b) A simple gland or glandular cavity; a crypt. (c) A small
mass of adenoid tissue; as, a lymphatic follicle.
Follicular
Fol*lic"u*lar (?), a.
1. Like, pertaining to, or consisting of, a follicles or follicles.
2. (Med.) Affecting the follicles; as, follicular pharyngitis.
Folliculated
Fol*lic"u*la`ted (?), a. Having follicles.
Folliculous
Fol*lic"u*lous (?), a. [L. folliculosus full of husks: cf. F.
folliculeux.] Having or producing follicles.
Folliful
Fol"li*ful (?), a. Full of folly. [Obs.]
Follow
Fol"low (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Followed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Following.][OE. foluwen, folwen, folgen, AS. folgian, fylgean, fylgan;
akin to D. volgen, OHG. folg, G. folgen, Icel. fylgja, Sw. f\'94lja,
Dan. f\'94lge, and perh. to E. folk.]
1. To go or come after; to move behind in the same path or direction;
hence, to go with (a leader, guide, etc.); to accompany; to attend.
It waves me forth again; I'll follow it. Shak.
2. To endeavor to overtake; to go in pursuit of; to chase; to pursue;
to prosecute.
I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they shall follow
them. Ex. xiv. 17.
3. To accept as authority; to adopt the opinions of; to obey; to yield
to; to take as a rule of action; as, to follow good advice.
Approve the best, and follow what I approve. Milton.
Follow peace with all men. Heb. xii. 14.
It is most agreeable to some men to follow their reason; and to
others to follow their appetites. J. Edwards.
4. To copy after; to take as an example.
We had rather follow the perfections of them whom we like not, than
in defects resemble them whom we love. Hooker.
5. To succeed in order of time, rank, or office.
6. To result from, as an effect from a cause, or an inference from a
premise.
7. To watch, as a receding object; to keep the eyes fixed upon while
in motion; to keep the mind upon while in progress, as a speech,
musical performance, etc.; also, to keep up with; to understand the
meaning, connection, or force of, as of a course of thought or
argument.
He followed with his eyes the flitting shade. Dryden.
8. To walk in, as a road or course; to attend upon closely, as a
profession or calling.
O, had I but followed the arts! Shak.
O Antony! I have followed thee to this. Shak.
Follow board (Founding), a board on which the pattern and the flask
lie while the sand is rammed into the flask. Knight. -- To follow the
hounds, to hunt with dogs. -- To follow suit (Card Playing), to play a
card of the same suit as the leading card; hence, colloquially, to
follow an example set. -- To follow up, to pursue indefatigably. Syn.-
To pursue; chase; go after; attend; accompany; succeed; imitate; copy;
embrace; maintain. - To Follow, Pursue. To follow (v.t.) denotes
simply to go after; to pursue denotes to follow with earnestness, and
with a view to attain some definite object; as, a hound pursues the
deer. So a person follows a companion whom he wishes to overtake on a
journey; the officers of justice pursue a felon who has escaped from
prison.
Follow
Fol"low, v. i. To go or come after; -- used in the various senses of
the transitive verb: To pursue; to attend; to accompany; to be a
result; to imitate. Syn.- To Follow, Succeed, Ensue. To follow (v.i.)
means simply to come after; as, a crowd followed. To succeed means to
come after in some regular series or succession; as, day succeeds to
day, and night to night. To ensue means to follow by some established
connection or principle of sequence. As wave follows wave, revolution
succeeds to revolution; and nothing ensues but accumulated
wretchedness.
Follower
Fol"low*er (?), n. [OE. folwere, AS. folgere.] 1. One who follows; a
pursuer; an attendant; a disciple; a dependent associate; a retainer.
2. A sweetheart; a beau. [Colloq.] A. Trollope.
3. (Steam Engine) (a) The removable flange, or cover, of a piston. See
Illust. of Piston. (b) A gland. See Illust. of Stuffing box.
4. (Mach.) The part of a machine that receives motion from another
part. See Driver.
5. Among law stationers, a sheet of parchment or paper which is added
to the first sheet of an indenture or other deed. Syn. -- Imitator;
copier; disciple; adherent; partisan; dependent; attendant.
Following
Fol"low*ing (?), n.
1. One's followers, adherents, or dependents, collectively. Macaulay.
2. Vocation; business; profession.
Following
Fol"low*ing, a.
1. Next after; succeeding; ensuing; as, the assembly was held on the
following day.
2. (Astron.) (In the field of a telescope) In the direction from which
stars are apparently moving (in consequence of the erth's rotation);
as, a small star, north following or south following. In the direction
toward which stars appear to move is called preceding.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fo ur pr incipal di rections in th e fi eld of a
telescope are north, south, following, preceding.
Folly
Fol"ly (?), n.; pl. Follies (#). [OE. folie, foli, F. folie, fr. fol,
fou, foolish, mad. See Fool.]
1. The state of being foolish; want of good sense; levity, weakness,
or derangement of mind.
2. A foolish act; an inconsiderate or thoughtless procedure; weak or
light-minded conduct; foolery.
What folly 'tis to hazard life for ill. Shak.
3. Scandalous crime; sin; specifically, as applied to a woman,
wantonness.
[Achan] wrought folly in Israel. Josh. vii. 15.
When lovely woman stoops to folly. Goldsmith.
4. The result of a foolish action or enterprise.
It is called this man's or that man's "folly," and name of the
foolish builder is thus kept alive for long after years. Trench.
Folwe
Fol"we (?), v. t. To follow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fomalhaut
Fo"mal*haut` (?), n. [AFomalhaut.] (Astron.) A star of the first
magnitude, in the constellation Piscis Australis, or Southern Fish.
Foment
Fo*ment" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fomented; p. pr. & vb. n.
Fomenting.] [F. fomenter, fr. L. fomentare, fr. fomentum (for
fovimentum) a warm application or lotion, fr. fovere to warm or keep
warm; perh. akin to Gr. bake.]
1. To apply a warm lotion to; to bathe with a cloth or sponge wet with
warm water or medicated liquid.
2. To cherish with heat; to foster. [Obs.]
Which these soft fires . . . foment and warm. Milton.
3. To nurse to life or activity; to cherish and promote by
excitements; to encourage; to abet; to instigate; -- used often in a
bad sense; as, to foment ill humors. Locke.
But quench the choler you foment in vain. Dryden.
Exciting and fomenting a religious rebellion. Southey.
Fomentation
Fo`men*ta"tion (?), n. [fomentatio: cf. F. fomentation.]
1. (Med.) (a) The act of fomenting; the application of warm, soft,
medicinal substances, as for the purpose of easing pain, by relaxing
the skin, or of discussing tumors. (b) The lotion applied to a
diseased part.
2. Excitation; instigation; encouragement.
Dishonest fomentation of your pride. Young.
Fomenter
Fo*ment"er (?), n. One who foments; one who encourages or instigates;
as, a fomenter of sedition.
Fomes
Fo"mes (?), n.; pl. Fomites (#). [L. fomes, -itis, touch-wood,
tinder.] (Med.) Any substance supposed to be capable of absorbing,
retaining, and transporting contagious or infectious germs; as, woolen
clothes are said to be active fomites.
Fon
Fon (?), n. [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. f\'beni silly, f\'bena to act
silly, Sw. f\'86ne fool. Cf. Fond, a.] A fool; an idiot. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Fond
Fond (?), obs. imp. of Find. Found. Chaucer.
Fond
Fond, a. [Compar. Fonder (?); superl. Fondest.] [For fonned, p. p. of
OE. fonnen to be foolish. See Fon.]
1. Foolish; silly; simple; weak. [Archaic]
Grant I may never prove so fond To trust man on his oath or bond.
Shak.
2. Foolishly tender and loving; weakly indulgent; over-affectionate.
3. Affectionate; loving; tender; -- in a good sense; as, a fond mother
or wife. Addison.
4. Loving; much pleased; affectionately regardful, indulgent, or
desirous; longing or yearning; -- followed by of (formerly also by
on).
More fond on her than she upon her love. Shak.
You are as fond of grief as of your child. Shak.
A great traveler, and fond of telling his adventures. Irving.
5. Doted on; regarded with affection. [R.]
Nor fix on fond abodes to circumscribe thy prayer. Byron.
6. Trifling; valued by folly; trivial. [Obs.] Shak.
Fond
Fond, v. t. To caress; to fondle. [Obs.]
The Tyrian hugs and fonds thee on her breast. Dryden.
Fond
Fond, v. i. To be fond; to dote. [Obs.] Shak.
Fonde
Fond"e (?), v. t. & i. [AS. fandian to try.] To endeavor; to strive;
to try. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fondle
Fon"dle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fondled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fondling
(?).] [From Fond, v.] To treat or handle with tenderness or in a
loving manner; to caress; as, a nurse fondles a child. Syn.- See
Caress.
Fondler
Fon"dler (?), n. One who fondles. Johnson.
Fondling
Fon"dling (?), n. [From Fondle.] The act of caressing; manifestation
of tenderness.
Cyrus made no . . . amorous fondling To fan her pride, or melt her
guardless heart. Mickle.
Fondling
Fond"ling (?), n. [Fond + -ling.]
1. A person or thing fondled or caressed; one treated with foolish or
doting affection.
Fondlings are in danger to be made fools. L'Estrange.
2. A fool; a simpleton; a ninny. [Obs.] Chapman.
Fondly
Fond"ly (?), adv.
1. Foolishly. [Archaic] Verstegan (1673).
Make him speak fondly like a frantic man. Shak.
2. In a fond manner; affectionately; tenderly.
My heart, untarveled, fondly turns to thee. Goldsmith.
Fondness
Fond"ness, n.
1. The quality or state of being fond; foolishness. [Obs.]
Fondness it were for any, being free, To covet fetters, though they
golden be. Spenser.
2. Doting affection; tender liking; strong appetite, propensity, or
relish; as, he had a fondness for truffles.
My heart had still some foolish fondness for thee. Addison.
Syn.- Attachment; affection; love; kindness.
Fondon
Fon"don (?), n. [Cf. F. fondant flux.] (Metal.) A large copper vessel
used for hot amalgamation.
Fondus
Fon`dus" (?), n. [F. fondu, prop. p.p. of fondre to melt, blend. See
Found to cast.] A style of printing calico, paper hangings, etc., in
which the colors are in bands and graduated into each other. Ure.
Fone
Fone (?), n.; pl. of Foe. [Obs.] Spenser.
Fonge
Fong"e (?), v. t. [See Fang, v. t.] To take; to receive. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Fonly
Fon"ly (?), adv. [See Fon.] Foolishly; fondly. [Obs.] Spenser.
Fonne
Fon"ne (?), n. A fon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Font
Font (?), n. [F. fonte, fr. fondre to melt or cast. See Found to cast,
and cf. Fount a font.] (Print.) A complete assortment of printing type
of one size, including a due proportion of all the letters in the
alphabet, large and small, points, accents, and whatever else is
necessary for printing with that variety of types; a fount.
Font
Font, n. [AS. font, fant, fr. L. fons, fontis, spring, fountain; cf.
OF. font, funt, F. fonts, fonts baptismaux, pl. See Fount.]
1. A fountain; a spring; a source.
Bathing forever in the font of bliss. Young.
2. A basin or stone vessel in which water is contained for baptizing.
That name was given me at the font. Shak.
Fontal
Font"al (?), a. Pertaining to a font, fountain, source, or origin;
original; primitive. [R.]
From the fontal light of ideas only can a man draw intellectual
power. Coleridge.
Fontanel
Fon"ta*nel` (?), n. [F. fontanelle, prop., a little fountain, fr.
fontaine fountain. See Fountain.]
1. (Med.) An issue or artificial ulcer for the discharge of humors
from the body.[Obs.] Wiseman.
2. (Anat.) One of the membranous intervals between the incompleted
angles of the parietal and neighboring bones of a fetal or young
skull; -- so called because it exhibits a rhythmical pulsation.
NOTE: &hand; In th e human fetus there are six fontanels, of which
the anterior, or bregmatic, situated at the junction of the coronal
and sagittal sutures, is much the largest, and remains open a
considerable time after birth.
Fontanelle
Fon`ta`nelle" (?), n. [F.] (Anat.) Same as Fontanel, 2.
Fontange
Fon`tange" (?), n. [F., from the name of the first wearer, Mlle. de
Fontanges, about 1679.] A kind of tall headdress formerly worn.
Addison.
Food
Food (?), n. [OE. fode, AS. f\'d3da; akin to Icel. f\'91\'eba,
f\'91\'ebi, Sw. f\'94da, Dan. & LG. f\'94de, OHG. fatunga, Gr.
patei^sthai to eat, and perh. to Skr. p\'be to protect, L. pascere to
feed, pasture, pabulum food, E. pasture. \'fb75. Cf. Feed, Fodder
food, Foster to cherish.]
1. What is fed upon; that which goes to support life by being received
within, and assimilated by, the organism of an animal or a plant;
nutriment; aliment; especially, what is eaten by animals for
nourishment.
NOTE: &hand; In a ph ysiological se nse, tr ue al iment is to be
distinguished as that portion of the food which is capable of being
digested and absorbed into the blood, thus furnishing nourishment,
in distinction from the indigestible matter which passes out
through the alimentary canal as f\'91ces.
NOTE: &hand; Fo ods ar e divided into two main groups: nitrogenous,
or proteid, foods, i.e., those which contain nitrogen, and
nonnitrogenous, i.e., those which do not contain nitrogen. The
latter group embraces the fats and carbohydrates, which
collectively are sometimes termed heat producers or respiratory
foods, since by oxidation in the body they especially subserve the
production of heat. The proteids, on the other hand, are known as
plastic foods or tissue formers, since no tissue can be formed
without them. These latter terms, however, are misleading, since
proteid foods may also give rise to heat both directly and
indirectly, and the fats and carbohydrates are useful in other ways
than in producing heat.
2. Anything that instructs the intellect, excites the feelings, or
molds habits of character; that which nourishes.
This may prove food to my displeasure. Shak.
In this moment there is life and food For future years. Wordsworth.
NOTE: &hand; Fo od is often used adjectively or in self-explaining
compounds, as in food fish or food-fish, food supply.
Food vacuole (Zo\'94l.), one of the spaces in the interior of a
protozoan in which food is contained, during digestion. -- Food yolk.
(Biol.) See under Yolk. Syn. -- Aliment; sustenance; nutriment; feed;
fare; victuals; provisions; meat.
Food
Food, v. t. To supply with food. [Obs.] Baret.
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Page 580
Foodful
Food"ful (?), a. Full of food; supplying food; fruitful; fertile. "The
foodful earth." Dryden.
Bent by its foodful burden [the corn]. Glover.
Foodless
Food"less, a. Without food; barren. Sandys.
Foody
Food"y (?), a. Eatable; fruitful. [R.] Chapman.
Fool
Fool (?), n. [Cf. F. fouler to tread, crush. Cf. 1st Foil.] A compound
of gooseberries scalded and crushed, with cream; -- commonly called
gooseberry fool.
Fool
Fool, n. [OE. fol, n. & adj., F. fol, fou, foolish, mad; a fool, prob.
fr. L. follis a bellows, wind bag, an inflated ball; perh. akin to E.
bellows. Cf. Folly, Follicle.]
1. One destitute of reason, or of the common powers of understanding;
an idiot; a natural.
2. A person deficient in intellect; one who acts absurdly, or pursues
a course contrary to the dictates of wisdom; one without judgment; a
simpleton; a dolt.
Extol not riches, then, the toil of fools. Milton.
Experience keeps a dear school, but fools will learn in no other.
Franklin.
3. (Script.) One who acts contrary to moral and religious wisdom; a
wicked person.
The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God. Ps. xiv. 1.
4. One who counterfeits folly; a professional jester or buffoon; a
retainer formerly kept to make sport, dressed fantastically in motley,
with ridiculous accouterments.
Can they think me . . . their fool or jester? Milton.
April fool, Court fool, etc. See under April, Court, etc. -- Fool's
cap, a cap or hood to which bells were usually attached, formerly worn
by professional jesters. -- Fool's errand, an unreasonable, silly,
profitless adventure or undertaking. -- Fool's gold, iron or copper
pyrites, resembling gold in color. -- Fool's paradise, a name applied
to a limbo (see under Limbo) popularly believed to be the region of
vanity and nonsense. Hence, any foolish pleasure or condition of vain
self-satistaction. -- Fool's parsley (Bot.), an annual umbelliferous
plant (\'92thusa Cynapium) resembling parsley, but nauseous and
poisonous. -- To make a fool of, to render ridiculous; to outwit; to
shame. [Colloq.] -- To play the fool, to act the buffoon; to act a
foolish part. "I have played the fool, and have erred exceedingly." 1
Sam. xxvi. 21.
Fool
Fool, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fooled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fooling.] To
play the fool; to trifle; to toy; to spend time in idle sport or
mirth. <-- = to fool around -->
Is this a time for fooling? Dryden.
Fool
Fool, v. t.
1. To infatuate; to make foolish. Shak.
For, fooled with hope, men favor the deceit. Dryden.
2. To use as a fool; to deceive in a shameful or mortifying manner; to
impose upon; to cheat by inspiring foolish confidence; as, to fool one
out of his money.
You are fooled, discarded, and shook off By him for whom these
shames ye underwent. Shak.
To fool away, to get rid of foolishly; to spend in trifles, idleness,
folly, or without advantage.
Foolahs
Foo"lahs` (?), n. pl.; sing. Foolah. (Ethnol.) Same as Fulahs.
Fool-born
Fool"-born` (?), a. Begotten by a fool. Shak.
Foolery
Fool"er*y (?), n.; pl. Fooleries (.
1. The practice of folly; the behavior of a fool; absurdity.
Folly in fools bears not so strong a note, As foolery in the wise,
when wit doth dote. Shak.
2. An act of folly or weakness; a foolish practice; something absurd
or nonsensical.
That Pythagoras, Plato, or Orpheus, believed in any of these
fooleries, it can not be suspected. Sir W. Raleigh.
Foolfish
Fool"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The orange filefish<--clownfish?-->.
See Filefish. (b) The winter flounder. See Flounder.
Fool-happy
Fool"-hap`py (?), a. Lucky, without judgment or contrivance. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Foolhardihood
Fool"har`di*hood (?), n. The state of being foolhardy; foolhardiness.
Foolhardily
Fool"har`di*ly, adv. In a foolhardy manner.
Foolhardiness
Fool"har`di*ness, n. Courage without sense or judgment; foolish
rashness; recklessness. Dryden.
Foolhardise
Fool"har`dise (?), n. [Fool, F. fol, fou + F. hardiesse boldness.]
Foolhardiness. [Obs.] Spenser.
Foolhardy
Fool"har`dy (?), a. [OF. folhardi. See Fool idiot, and Hardy.] Daring
without judgment; foolishly adventurous and bold. Howell. Syn. --
Rash; venturesome; venturous; precipitate; reckless; headlong;
incautious. See Rash.
Fool-hasty
Fool"-has`ty (?), a. Foolishly hasty. [R.]
Foolify
Fool"i*fy (?), v. t. [Fool + -fy.] To make a fool of; to befool. [R.]
Holland.
Foolish
Fool"ish, a.
1. Marked with, or exhibiting, folly; void of understanding; weak in
intellect; without judgment or discretion; silly; unwise.
I am a very foolish fond old man. Shak.
2. Such as a fool would do; proceeding from weakness of mind or
silliness; exhibiting a want of judgment or discretion; as, a foolish
act.
3. Absurd; ridiculous; despicable; contemptible.
A foolish figure he must make. Prior.
Syn. -- Absurd; shallow; shallow-brained; brainless; simple;
irrational; unwise; imprudent; indiscreet; incautious; silly;
ridiculous; vain; trifling; contemptible. See Absurd.
Foolishly
Fool"ish*ly, adv. In a foolish manner.
Foolishness
Fool"ish*ness, n.
1. The quality of being foolish.
2. A foolish practice; an absurdity.
The preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness. 1
Cor. i. 18.
Fool-large
Fool"-large` (?), a. [OF. follarge. See Fool, and Large.] Foolishly
liberal. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fool-largesse
Fool"-lar*gesse` (?), n. [See Fool-large, Largess.] Foolish
expenditure; waste. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Foolscap
Fools"cap` (?), n. [So called from the watermark of a fool's cap and
bells used by old paper makers. See Fool's cap, under Fool.] A writing
paper made in sheets, ordinarily 16 x 13 inches, and folded so as to
make a page 13 x 8 inches. See Paper.
Foot
Foot (?), n.; pl. Feet (#). [OE. fot, foot, pl. feet. AS. f, pl. f;
akin to D. voet, OHG. fuoz, G. fuss, Icel. f, Sw. fot, Dan. fod, Goth.
f, L. pes, Gr. p\'bed, Icel. fet step, pace measure of a foot, feta to
step, find one's way. \'fb77, 250. Cf. Antipodes, Cap-a-pie,
Expedient, Fet to fetch, Fetlock, Fetter, Pawn a piece in chess,
Pedal.]
1. (Anat.) The terminal part of the leg of man or an animal; esp., the
part below the ankle or wrist; that part of an animal upon which it
rests when standing, or moves. See Manus, and Pes.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The muscular locomotive organ of a mollusk. It is a
median organ arising from the ventral region of body, often in the
form of a flat disk, as in snails. See Illust. of Buccinum.
3. That which corresponds to the foot of a man or animal; as, the foot
of a table; the foot of a stocking.
4. The lowest part or base; the ground part; the bottom, as of a
mountain or column; also, the last of a row or series; the end or
extremity, esp. if associated with inferiority; as, the foot of a
hill; the foot of the procession; the foot of a class; the foot of the
bed.
And now at foot Of heaven's ascent they lift their feet. Milton.
5. Fundamental principle; basis; plan; -- used only in the singular.
Answer directly upon the foot of dry reason. Berkeley.
6. Recognized condition; rank; footing; -- used only in the singular.
[R.]
As to his being on the foot of a servant. Walpole.
7. A measure of length equivalent to twelve inches; one third of a
yard. See Yard.
NOTE: &hand; Th is me asure is supposed to be taken from the length
of a man's foot. It differs in length in different countries. In
the United States and in England it is 304.8 millimeters.
8. (Mil.) Soldiers who march and fight on foot; the infantry, usually
designated as the foot, in distinction from the cavalry. "Both horse
and foot." Milton.
9. (Pros.) A combination of syllables consisting a metrical element of
a verse, the syllables being formerly distinguished by their quantity
or length, but in modern poetry by the accent.
10. (Naut.) The lower edge of a sail.
NOTE: &hand; Fo ot is of ten us ed ad jectively, si gnifying of or
pertaining to a foot or the feet, or to the base or lower part. It
is also much used as the first of compounds.
Foot artillery. (Mil.) (a) Artillery soldiers serving in foot. (b)
Heavy artillery. Farrow. -- Foot bank (Fort.), a raised way within a
parapet. -- Foot barracks (Mil.), barracks for infantery. -- Foot
bellows, a bellows worked by a treadle. Knight. -- Foot company
(Mil.), a company of infantry. Milton. -- Foot gear, covering for the
feet, as stocking, shoes, or boots. -- Foot hammer (Mach.), a small
tilt hammer moved by a treadle. -- Foot iron. (a) The step of a
carriage. (b) A fetter. -- Foot jaw. (Zo\'94l.) See Maxilliped. --
Foot key (Mus.), an organ pedal. -- Foot level (Gunnery), a form of
level used in giving any proposed angle of elevation to a piece of
ordnance. Farrow. -- Foot mantle, a long garment to protect the dress
in riding; a riding skirt. [Obs.] -- Foot page, an errand boy; an
attendant. [Obs.] -- Foot passenger, one who passes on foot, as over a
road or bridge. -- Foot pavement, a paved way for foot passengers; a
footway; a trottoir. -- Foot poet, an inferior poet; a poetaster. [R.]
Dryden. -- Foot post. (a) A letter carrier who travels on foot. (b) A
mail delivery by means of such carriers. -- Fot pound, AND Foot
poundal. (Mech.) See Foot pound and Foot poundal, in the Vocabulary.
-- Foot press (Mach.), a cutting, embossing, or printing press, moved
by a treadle. -- Foot race, a race run by persons on foot. Cowper. --
Foot rail, a railroad rail, with a wide flat flange on the lower side.
-- Foot rot, an ulcer in the feet of sheep; claw sickness. -- Foot
rule, a rule or measure twelve inches long. -- Foot screw, an
adjusting screw which forms a foot, and serves to give a machine or
table a level standing on an uneven place. -- Foot secretion.
(Zo\'94l.) See Sclerobase. -- Foot soldier, a soldier who serves on
foot. -- Foot stick (Printing), a beveled piece of furniture placed
against the foot of the page, to hold the type in place. -- Foot
stove, a small box, with an iron pan, to hold hot coals for warming
the feet. -- Foot tubercle. (Zo\'94l.) See Parapodium. -- Foot valve
(Steam Engine), the valve that opens to the air pump from the
condenser. -- Foot vise, a kind of vise the jaws of which are operated
by a treadle. -- Foot waling (Naut.), the inside planks or lining of a
vessel over the floor timbers. Totten. -- Foot wall (Mining), the
under wall of an inclosed vein. By foot, OR On foot, by walking; as,
to pass a stream on foot. -- Cubic foot. See under Cubic. -- Foot and
mouth disease, a contagious disease (Eczema epizo\'94tica) of cattle,
sheep, swine, etc., characterized by the formation of vesicles and
ulcers in the mouth and about the hoofs. -- Foot of the fine (Law),
the concluding portion of an acknowledgment in court by which,
formerly, the title of land was conveyed. See Fine of land, under
Fine, n.; also Chirograph. (b). -- Square foot. See under Square. --
To be on foot, to be in motion, action, or process of execution. -- To
keep the foot (Script.), to preserve decorum. "Keep thy foot when thou
goest to the house of God." Eccl. v. 1. -- To put one's foot down, to
take a resolute stand; to be determined. [Colloq.] -- To put the best
foot foremost, to make a good appearance; to do one's best. [Colloq.]
-- To set on foot, to put in motion; to originate; as, to set on foot
a subscription. -- To put, OR set, one on his feet, to put one in a
position to go on; to assist to start. -- Under foot. (a) Under the
feet; (Fig.) at one's mercy; as, to trample under foot. Gibbon. (b)
Below par. [Obs.] "They would be forced to sell . . . far under foot."
Bacon.
Foot
Foot (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Footed; p. pr. & vb. n. Footing.]
1. To tread to measure or music; to dance; to trip; to skip. Dryden.
2. To walk; -- opposed to ride or fly. Shak.
Foot
Foot, v. t.
1. To kick with the foot; to spurn. Shak.
2. To set on foot; to establish; to land. [Obs.]
What confederacy have you with the traitors Late footed in the
kingdom? Shak.
3. To tread; as, to foot the green. Tickell.
4. To sum up, as the numbers in a column; -- sometimes with up; as, to
foot (or foot up) an account.
5. The size or strike with the talon. [Poet.] Shak.
6. To renew the foot of, as of stocking. Shak.
To foot a bill, to pay it. [Colloq.] -- To foot it, to walk; also, to
dance.<-- = to hoof it (to walk) -->
If you are for a merry jaunt, I'll try, for once, who can foot it
farthest. Dryden.
Football
Foot"ball` (?), n. An inflated ball to be kicked in sport, usually
made in India rubber, or a bladder incased in Leather. Waller.
2. The game of kicking the football by opposing parties of players
between goals. Arbuthnot.
Footband
Foot"band` (?), n. A band of foot soldiers. [Obs.]
Footbath
Foot"bath` (?), n. A bath for the feet; also, a vessel used in bathing
the feet.
Footboard
Foot"board` (?), n.
1. A board or narrow platfrom upon which one may stand or brace his
feet; as: (a) The platform for the engineer and fireman of a
locomotive. (b) The foot-rest of a coachman's box.
2. A board forming the foot of a bedstead.
3. A treadle.
Footboy
Foot"boy` (?), n. A page; an attendant in livery; a lackey. Shak.
Footbreadth
Foot"breadth` (?), n. The breadth of a foot; -- used as a measure.
Longfellow.
Not so much as a footbreadth. Deut. ii. 5.
Footbridge
Foot"bridge` (?), n. A narrow bridge for foot passengers only.
Footcloth
Foot"cloth` (?), n. Formerly, a housing or caparison for a horse. Sir
W. Scott.
Footed
Foot"ed, a.
1. Having a foot or feet; shaped in the foot. "Footed like a goat."
Grew.
NOTE: &hand; Fo oted is of ten used in composition in the sense of
having (such or so many) feet; as, fourfooted beasts.
2. Having a foothold; established.
Our king . . . is footed in this land already. Shak.
Footfall
Foot"fall` (?), n.A setting down of the foot; a footstep; the sound of
a footstep. Shak.
Seraphim, whose footfalls tinkled on the tufted floor. Poe
Footfight
Foot"fight` (?), n. A conflict by persons on foot; -- distinguished
from a fight on horseback. Sir P. Sidney.
Footglove
Foot"glove` (?), n. A kind of stocking. [Obs.]
Foot Guards
Foot" Guards` (?), pl. Infantry soldiers belonging to select regiments
called the Guards. [Eng.]
Foothalt
Foot"halt` (?), n. A disease affecting the feet of sheep.
Foothill
Foot"hill` (?), n. A low hill at the foot of highe
Foothold
Foot"hold` (?), n. A holding with the feet; firm L'Estrange.
Foothook
Foot"hook` (?), n. (Naut.) See Futtock.
Foothot
Foot"hot` (?), adv. Hastily; immediately; instantly; on the spot;
hotfloot. Gower.
Custance have they taken anon, foothot. Chaucer.
Footing
Foot"ing, n.
1. Ground for the foot; place for the foot to rest on; firm foundation
to stand on.
In ascent, every stfooting and help to the next. Holder.
2. Standing; position; established place; basis for operation;
permanent settlement; foothold.
As soon as he had obtained a footing at court, the charms of his
manner . . . made him a favorite. Macaulay.
3. Relative condition; state.
Lived on a footing of equality with nobles. Macaulay.
4. Tread; step; especially, measured tread.
Hark, I hear the footing of a man. Shak.
5. The act of adding up a column of figures; the amount or sum total
of such a column.
6. The act of putting a foot to anything; also, that which is added as
a foot; as, the footing of a stocking.
7. A narrow cotton lace, without figures.
8. The finer refuse part of whale blubber, not wholly deprived of oil.
Simmonds.
9. (Arch. & Enging.) The thickened or sloping portion of a wall, or of
an embankment at its foot.
Footing course (Arch.), one of the courses of masonry at the foot of a
wall, broader than the courses above. -- To pay one's footing, to pay
a fee on first doing anything, as working at a trade or in a shop.
Wright. -- Footing beam, the tie beam of a roof.
Footless
Foot"less, a. Having no feet.
Footlicker
Foot"lick`er (?), n. A sycophant; a fawner; a toady. Cf. Bootlick.
Shak.
Footlight
Foot"light` (?), n.One of a row of lights in the front of the stage in
a theater, etc., and on a level therewith. Before the footlights, upon
the stage; -- hence, in the capacity of an actor.
Footman
Foot"man (?), n.; pl. Footmen (.
1. A soldier who marches and fights on foot; a foot soldier.
2. A man in waiting; a male servant whose duties are to attend the
door, the carriage, the table, etc.
3. Formerly, a servant who ran in front of his master's carriage; a
runner. Prior.
4. A metallic stand with four feet, for keeping anything warm before a
fire.
5. (Zo\'94l.) A moth of the family Lithosid\'91; -- so called from its
livery-like colors.
Footmanship
Foot"man*ship, n. Art or skill of a footman.
Footmark
Foot"mark` (?), n. A footprint; a track or vestige. Coleridge.
Footnote
Foot"note` (?), n. A note of reference or comment at the foot of a
page.
Footpace
Foot"pace` (?), n.
1. A walking pace or step.
2. A dais, or elevated platform; the highest step of the altar; a
landing in a staircase. Shipley.
Footpad
Foot"pad` (?), n. A highwayman or robber on foot.
Footpath
Foot"path` (?), n.; pl. Footpaths (. A narrow path or way for
pedestrains only; a footway.
Footplate
Foot"plate` (?), n. (Locomotives) See Footboard (a).
Foot pound
Foot" pound` (?). (Mech.) A unit of energy, or work, being equal to
the work done in raising one pound avoirdupois against the force of
gravity the height of one foot.
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Foot poundal
Foot" pound`al (?). (Mech.) A unit of energy or work, equal to the
work done in moving a body through one foot against the force of one
poundal.
Footprint
Foot"print` (?), n. The impression of the foot; a trace or footmark;
as, "Footprints of the Creator."
Footrope
Foot"rope` (?), n. (Aut.) (a) The rope rigged below a yard, upon which
men stand when reefing or furling; -- formerly called a horse. (b)
That part of the boltrope to which the lower edge of a sail is sewed.
Foots
Foots (?), n. pl. The settlings of oil, molasses, etc., at the bottom
of a barrel or hogshead. Simmonds.
Foot-sore
Foot"-sore` (?), a. Having sore or tender feet, as by reason of much
walking; as, foot-sore cattle.
Footstalk
Foot"stalk` (?), n.
1. (Bot.) The stalk of a leaf or of flower; a petiole, pedicel, or
reduncle.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The peduncle or stem by which various marine animals
are attached, as certain brachiopods and goose barnacles. (b) The stem
which supports which supports the eye in decapod Crustacea; eyestalk.
3. (Mach.) The lower part of a millstone spindle. It rests in a step.
Knight.
Footstall
Foot"stall` (?), n. [Cf. Pedestal.]
1. The stirrup of a woman's saddle.
2. (Arch.) The plinth or base of a pillar.
Footstep
Foot"step` (?), n.
1. The mark or impression of the foot; a track; hence, visible sign of
a course pursued; token; mark; as, the footsteps of divine wisdom.
How on the faltering footsteps of decay Youth presses. Bryant.
2. An inclined plane under a hand printing press.
Footstone
Foot"stone` (?; 110), n. The stone at the foot of a grave; -- opposed
to headstone.
Footstool
Foot"stool` (?), n. A low stool to support the feet of one when
sitting.
Footway
Foot"way` (?), n. A passage for pedestrians only.
Footworn
Foot"worn` (?), a. Worn by, or weared in, the feet; as, a footworn
path; a footworn traveler.
Footy
Foot"y (?), a.
1. Having foots, or settlings; as, footy oil, molasses, etc. [Eng.]
2. Poor; mean. [Prov. Eng.] C. Kingsley.
Fop
Fop (?), n. [OE. foppe, fop, fool; cf. E. fob to cheat, G. foppen to
make a fool of one, jeer, D. foppen.] One whose ambition it is to gain
admiration by showy dress; a coxcomb; an inferior dandy.
Fop-doodle
Fop"-doo`dle (?), n. A stupid or insignaficant fellow; a fool; a
simpleton. [R.] Hudibras.
Fopling
Fop"ling (?), n. A petty fop. Landor.
Foppery
Fop"per*y (?), n.; pl. Fopperies (#). [From Fop.]
1. The behavior, dress, or other indication of a fop; coxcombry;
affectation of show; showy folly.
2. Folly; foolery.
Let not the sound of shallow foppery enter My sober house. Shak.
Foppish
Fop"pish (?), a. Foplike; characteristic of a top in dress or manners;
making an ostentatious display of gay clothing; affected in manners.
Syn. -- Finical; spruce; dandyish. See Finical. -- Fop"pish*ly, adv.
-- Fop"pish*ness, n.
For-
For- (. [AS. for-; akin to D. & G. ver-, OHG. fir-, Icel. for-, Goth.
fra-, cf. Skr. par\'be- away, Gr. far, adj. Cf. Fret to rub.] A prefix
to verbs, having usually the force of a negative or privative. It
often implies also loss, detriment, or destruction, and sometimes it
is intensive, meaning utterly, quite thoroughly, as in forbathe.
For
For (?), prep. [AS. for, fore; akin to OS. for, fora, furi, D. voor,
OHG. fora, G. vor, OHG. furi, G. f\'81r, Icel. fyrir, Sw. f\'94r, Dan.
for, adv. f\'94r, Goth. fa\'a3r, fa\'a3ra, L. pro, Gr. pra-. &root;
202. Cf. Fore, First, Foremost, Forth, Pro-.] In the most general
sense, indicating that in consideration of, in view of, or with
reference to, which anything is done or takes place.
1. Indicating the antecedent cause or occasion of an action; the
motive or inducement accompanying and prompting to an act or state;
the reason of anything; that on account of which a thing is or is
done.
With fiery eyes sparkling for very wrath. Shak.
How to choose dogs for scent or speed. Waller.
Now, for so many glorious actions done, For peace at home, and for
the public wealth, I mean to crown a bowl for C\'91sar's health.
Dryden.
That which we, for our unworthiness, are afraid to crave, our
prayer is, that God, for the worthiness of his Son, would,
notwithstanding, vouchsafe to grant. Hooker.
2. Indicating the remoter and indirect object of an act; the end or
final cause with reference to which anything is, acts, serves, or is
done.
The oak for nothing ill, The osier good for twigs, the poplar for
the mill. Spenser.
It was young counsel for the persons, and violent counsel for the
matters. Bacon.
Shall I think the worls was made for one, And men are born for
kings, as beasts for men, Not for protection, but to be devoured?
Dryden.
For he writes not for money, nor for praise. Denham.
3. Indicating that in favor of which, or in promoting which, anything
is, or is done; hence, in behalf of; in favor of; on the side of; --
opposed to against.
We can do nothing against the truth, but for the truth. 2 Cor.
xiii. 8.
It is for the general good of human society, and consequently of
particular persons, to be true and just; and it is for men's health
to be temperate. Tillotson.
Aristotle is for poetical justice. Dennis.
4. Indicating that toward which the action of anything is directed, or
the point toward which motion is made;
We sailed from Peru for China and Japan. Bacon.
5. Indicating that on place of or instead of which anything acts or
serves, or that to which a substitute, an equivalent, a compensation,
or the like, is offered or made; instead of, or place of.
And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life for life, eye
for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot. Ex. xxi.
23, 24.
6. Indicating that in the character of or as being which anything is
regarded or treated; to be, or as being.
We take a falling meteor for a star. Cowley.
If a man can be fully assured of anything for a truth, without
having examined, what is there that he may not embrace for
truLocke.
Most of our ingenious young men take up some cried-up English poet
for their model. Dryden.
But let her go for an ungrateful woman. Philips.
7. Indicating that instead of which something else controls in the
performing of an action, or that in spite of which anything is done,
occurs, or is; hence, equivalent to notwithstanding, in spite of; --
generally followed by all, aught, anything, etc.
The writer will do what she please for all me. Spectator.
God's desertion shall, for aught he knows, the next minute
supervene. Dr. H. More.
For anything that legally appears to the contrary, it may be a
contrivance to fright us. Swift.
8. Indicating the space or time through which an action or state
extends; hence, during; in or through the space or time of.
For many miles about There 's scarce a bush. Shak.
Since, hired for life, thy servile muse sing. prior.
To guide the sun's bright chariot for a day. Garth.
9. Indicating that in prevention of which, or through fear of which,
anything is done. [Obs.]
We 'll have a bib, for spoiling of thy doublet. Beau. & Fl.
For, OR As for, so far as concerns; as regards; with reference to; --
used parenthetically or independently. See under As.
As for me and my house, we will serve the Lord. Josh. xxiv. 15.
For me, my stormy voyage at an end, I to the port of death securely
tend. Dryden.
-- For all that, notwithstanding; in spite of. -- For all the world,
wholly; exactly. "Whose posy was, for all the world, like cutlers'
poetry." Shak. -- For as much as, OR Forasmuch as, in consideration
that; seeing that; since. -- For by. See Forby, adv. -- For ever,
eternally; at all times. See Forever. -- For me, OR For all me, as far
as regards me. -- For my life, OR For the life of me, if my life
depended on it. [Colloq.] T. Hook. -- For that, For the reason that,
because; since. [Obs.] "For that I love your daughter." Shak. -- For
thy, OR Forthy [AS. for, for this; on this account. [Obs.] "Thomalin,
have no care for thy." Spenser. -- For to, as sign of infinitive, in
order to; to the end of. [Obs., except as sometimes heard in
illiterate speech.] -- "What went ye out for to see?" Luke vii. 25.
See To, prep., 4. -- O for, would that I had; may there be granted; --
elliptically expressing desire or prayer. "O for a muse of fire."
Shak. -- Were it not for, OR If it were not for, leaving out of
account; but for the presence or action of. "Moral consideration can
no way move the sensible appetite, were it not for the will." Sir M.
Hale.
For
For (?), conj.
1. Because; by reason that; for that; indicating, in Old English, the
reason of anything.
And for of long that way had walk\'82d none, The vault was hid with
plants and bushes hoar. Fairfax.
And Heaven defend your good souls, that you think I will your
serious and great business scant, For she with me. Shak.
2. Since; because; introducing a reason of something before advanced,
a cause, motive, explanation, justification, or the like, of an action
related or a statement made. It is logically nearly equivalent to
since, or because, but connects less closely, and is sometimes used as
a very general introduction to something suggested by what has gone
before.
Give thanks unto the Lord; for he is good; for his mercy endureth
forever. Ps. cxxxvi. 1.
Heaven doth with us as we with torches do, Not light them for
themselves; for if our virtues Did not go forth of us, 't were all
alike As if we had them not. Shak.
For because, because. [Obs.] "Nor for because they set less store by
their own citizens." Robynson (More's Utopia). -- For why. (a) Why;
for that reason; wherefore. [Obs.] (b) Because. [Obs.] See Forwhy.
Syn. -- See Because.
For
For, n. One who takes, or that which is said on, the affrimative side;
that which is said in favor of some one or something; -- the
antithesis of against, and commonly used in connection with it. The
fors and against. those in favor and those opposed; the pros and the
cons; the advantages and the disadvantages. Jane Austen.
Forage
For"age (?; 48), n. [OF. fourage, F. fourrage, fr. forre, fuerre,
fodder, straw, F. feurre, fr. LL. foderum, fodrum, of German or Scand,
origin; cf. OHG. fuotar, G. futter. See Fodder food, and cf. Foray.]
1. The act of foraging; search for provisions, etc.
He [the lion] from forage will incline to play. Shak.
One way a band select from forage drives A herd of beeves, fair
oxen and fair kine. Milton.
Mawhood completed his forage unmolested. Marshall.
2. Food of any kind for animals, especially for horses and cattle, as
grass, pasture, hay, corn, oats. Dryden.
Forage cap. See under Cap. -- Forage master (Mil.), a person charged
with providing forage and the means of transporting it. Farrow.
Forage
For"age, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Foraged ; p. pr. & vb. n. Foraging (?).]
To wander or rove in search of food; to collect food, esp. forage, for
horses and cattle by feeding on or stripping the country; to ravage;
to feed on spoil.
His most mighty father on a hill Stood smiling to behold his lion's
whelp Forage in blood of French nobility. Shak.
Foraging ant (Zo\'94l.), one of several species of ants of the genus
Eciton, very abundant in tropical America, remarkable for marching in
vast armies in search of food. -- Foraging cap, a forage cap. --
Foraging party, a party sent out after forage.
Forage
For"age (?), v. t. To strip of provisions; to supply with forage; as,
to forage steeds. Pope.
Forager
For"a*ger (?), n. One who forages.
Foralite
For"a*lite (?), n. [L. forare to bore + -lite.] (Geol.) A tubelike
marking, occuring in sandstone and other strata.
Foramen
Fo*ra"men (?), n.; pl. L. Foramina (#), E. Foramines (#). [L., fr.
forare to bore, pierce.] A small opening, perforation, or orifice; a
fenestra. Foramen of Monro (Anat.), the opening from each lateral into
the third ventricle of the brain. -- Foramen of Winslow (Anat.), the
opening connecting the sac of the omentum with the general cavity of
the peritoneum.
Foraminated
Fo*ram"i*na`ted (?), a. [L. foraminatus.] Having small opening, or
foramina.
Foraminifer
For`a*min"i*fer (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the foraminifera.
Foraminifera
Fo*ram`i*nif"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. foramen, -aminis, a foramen
+ ferre to bear.] (Zo\'94l.) An extensive order of rhizopods which
generally have a chambered calcareous shell formed by several united
zooids. Many of them have perforated walls, whence the name. Some
species are covered with sand. See Rhizophoda.
Foraminiferous
Fo*ram`i*nif"er*ous (?), a.
1. Having small openings, or foramina.
2. Pertaining to, or composed of, Foraminifera; as, foraminiferous
mud.
Foraminous
Fo*ram"i*nous (?), a. [L. foraminosus.] Having foramina; full of
holes; porous. Bacon.
Forasmuch
For`as*much" (?), comj. In consideration that; seeing that; since;
because that; -- followed by as. See under For, prep.
Foray
For"ay (?; 277), n. [Another form of forahe. Cf. Forray.] A sudden or
irregular incursion in border warfare; hence, any irregular incursion
for war or spoils; a raid. Spenser.
The huge Earl Doorm, . . . Bound on a foray, rolling eyes of prey.
Tennyson.
Foray
For"ay, v. t. To pillage; to ravage.
He might foray our lands. Sir W. Scott.
Forayer
For"ay*er (? OR ?), n. One who makes or joins in a foray.
They might not choose the lowand road, For the Merse forayers were
abroad. Sir W. Scott.
Forbade
For*bade" (?), imp. of Forbid.
Forbathe
For*bathe", v. t. To bathe. [Obs.]
Forbear
For*bear" (?), n. [See Fore, and Bear to produce.] An ancestor; a
forefather; -- usually in the plural. [Scot.] "Your forbears of old."
Sir W. Scott.
Forbear
For*bear" (?), v. i. [imp. Forbore (?) (Forbare (, [Obs.]); p. p.
Forborne (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Forbearing.] [OE. forberen, AS.
forberan; pref. for- + beran to bear. See Bear to support.]
1. To refrain from proceeding; to pause; to delay.
Shall I go against Ramoth-gilead to battle, or shall I forbear? 1
Kinds xxii. 6.
2. To refuse; to decline; to give no heed.
Thou shalt speak my words unto them, whether they will hear, or
whether they will forbear. Ezek. ii. 7.
3. To control one's self when provoked.
The kindest and the happiest pair Will find occasion to forbear.
Cowper.
Both bear and forbear. Old Proverb.
Forbear
For*bear", v. t.
1. To keep away from; to avoid; to abstain from; to give up; as, to
forbear the use of a word of doubdtful propriety.
But let me that plunder forbear. Shenstone.
The King In open battle or the tilting field Forbore his own
advantage. Tennyson.
2. To treat with consideration or indulgence.
Forbearing one another in love. Eph. iv. 2.
3. To cease from bearing. [Obs.]
Whenas my womb her burden would forbear. Spenser.
Forbearance
For*bear"ance (?), n. The act of forbearing or waiting; the exercise
of patience.
He soon shall findForbearance no acquittance ere day end. Milton.
2. The quality of being forbearing; indulgence toward offenders or
enemies; long-suffering.
Have a continent forbearance, till the speed of his rage goeShak.
Syn. -- Abstinence; refraining; lenity; mildness.
Forbearant
For*bear"ant (?), a. Forbearing. [R.] Carlyle.
Forbearer
For*bear"er (?), n. One who forbears. Tusser.
Forbearing
For*bear"ing, a. Disposed or accustomed to forbear; patient;
long-suffering. -- For*bear"ing*ly, adv.
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Page 582
Forbid
For*bid", v. t. [imp. Forbade (?); p. p. Forbidden (?) (Forbid,
[Obs.]); p. pr. & vb. n. Forbidding (?).] [OE. forbeden, AS.
forbe\'a2dan; pref. for- + be\'a2dan to bid; akin to D. verbieden, G.
verbieten, Icel., fyrirbj&omac;&edh;a, forbo&edh;a, Sw. f\'94rbjuda,
Dan. forbyde. See Bid, v. t.]
1. To command against, or contrary to; to prohibit; to interdict.
More than I have said . . . The leisure and enforcement of the time
Forbids to dwell upon. Shak.
2. To deny, exclude from, or warn off, by express command; to command
not to enter.
Have I not forbid her my house? Shak.
3. To oppose, hinder, or prevent, as if by an effectual command; as,
an impassable river forbids the approach of the army.
A blaze of glory that forbids the sight. Dryden.
4. To accurse; to blast. [Obs.]
He shall live a man forbid. Shak.
5. To defy; to challenge. [Obs.] L. Andrews. Syn. -- To prohibit;
interdict; hinder; preclude; withold; restrain; prevent. See Prohibit.
Forbid
For*bid" (?), v. i. To utter a prohibition; to prevent; to hinder. "I
did not or forbid." Milton.
Forbiddance
For*bid"dance (?), n. The act of forbidding; prohibition; command or
edict against a thing. [Obs.]
ow hast thou yield to transgress The strict forbiddance. Milton.
Forbidden
For*bid"den (?), a. Prohibited; interdicted.
I kniw no spells, use no forbidden arts. Milton.
Forbidden fruit. (a) Any coveted unlawful pleasure, -- so called with
reference to the forbidden fruit of the Garden of Eden. (b) (Bot.) A
small variety of shaddock (Citrus decumana). The name is given in
different places to several varieties of Citrus fruits.
Forbiddenly
For*bid"den*ly, adv. In a forbidden or unlawful manner. Shak.
Forbidder
For*bid"der (?), n. One who forbids. Milton.
Forbidding
For*bid"ding (?), a. Repelling approach; repulsive; raising
abhorrence, aversion, or dislike; disagreeable; prohibiting or
interdicting; as, a forbidding aspect; a forbidding formality; a
forbidding air. Syn. -- Disagreeable; unpleasant; displeasing;
offensive; repulsive; odious; abhorrent. -- For*bid"ding*ly, adv. --
For*bid"ding*ness, n.
Forblack
For*black" (?), a. Very black. [Obs.]
As any raven's feathers it shone forblack. Chaucer.
Forboden
For*bo"den (?), obs. p. p. of Forbid. Chaucer.
Forbore
For*bore" (?), imp. of Forbear.
Forborne
For*borne" (?), p. p. of Forbear.
Forbruise
For*bruise" (?), v. t. To bruise sorely or exceedingly. [Obs.]
All forbrosed, both back and side. Chaucer.
Forby
For*by" (?), adv. & prep. [See Foreby.] Near; hard by; along; past.
[Obs.]
To tell her if her child went ought forby. Chaucer.
To the intent that ships may pass along forby all the sides of the
city without let. Robynson (More's Utopia).
Forcarve
For*carve" (?), v. t. To cut completely; to cut off. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Force
Force (?), v. t. [See Farce to stuff.] To stuff; to lard; to farce.
[R.]
Wit larded with malice, and malice forced with wit. Shak.
Force
Force, n. [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. fors, foss, Dan. fos.] A
waterfall; a cascade. [Prov. Eng.]
To see the falls for force of the river Kent. T. Gray.
Force
Force, n. [F. force, LL. forcia, fortia, fr. L. fortis strong. See
Fort, n.]
1. Strength or energy of body or mind; active power; vigor; might;
often, an unusual degree of strength or energy; capacity of exercising
an influence or producing an effect; especially, power to persuade, or
convince, or impose obligation; pertinency; validity; special
signification; as, the force of an appeal, an argument, a contract, or
a term.
He was, in the full force of the words, a good man. Macaulay.
2. Power exerted against will or consent; compulsory power; violence;
coercion.
Which now they hold by force, and not by right. Shak.
3. Strength or power war; hence, a body of land or naval combatants,
with their appurtenances, ready for action; -- an armament; troops;
warlike array; -- often in the plural; hence, a body of men prepared
for action in other ways; as, the laboring force of a plantation.
Is Lucius general of the forces? Shak.
4. (Law) (a) Strength or power exercised without law, or contrary to
law, upon persons or things; violence. (b) Validity; efficacy.
Burrill.
5. (Physics) Any action between two bodies which changes, or tends to
change, their relative condition as to rest or motion; or, more
generally, which changes, or tends to change, any physical relation
between them, whether mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical,
magnetic, or of any other kind; as, the force of gravity; cohesive
force; centrifugal force.
Animal force (Physiol.), muscular force or energy. -- Catabiotic force
[Gr. (Biol.), the influence exerted by living structures on adjoining
cells, by which the latter are developed in harmony with the primary
structures. -- Centrifugal force, Centripetal force, Coercive force,
etc. See under Centrifugal, Centripetal, etc. -- Composition of
forces, Correlation of forces, etc. See under Composition,
Correlation, etc. -- Force and arms [trans. of L. vi et armis] (Law),
an expression in old indictments, signifying violence. -- In force, OR
Of force, of unimpaired efficacy; valid; of full virtue; not suspended
or reversed. "A testament is of force after men are dead." Heb. ix.
17. -- Metabolic force (Physiol.), the influence which causes and
controls the metabolism of the body. -- No force, no matter of urgency
or consequence; no account; hence, to do no force, to make no account
of; not to heed. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Of force, of necessity;
unavoidably; imperatively. "Good reasons must, of force, give place to
better." Shak. -- Plastic force (Physiol.), the force which presumably
acts in the growth and repair of the tissues. -- Vital force
(Physiol.), that force or power which is inherent in organization;
that form of energy which is the cause of the vital phenomena of the
body, as distinguished from the physical forces generally known. Syn.
-- Strength; vigor; might; energy; stress; vehemence; violence;
compulsion; coaction; constraint; coercion. -- Force, Strength.
Strength looks rather to power as an inward capability or energy. Thus
we speak of the strength of timber, bodily strength, mental strength,
strength of emotion, etc. Force, on the other hand, looks more to the
outward; as, the force of gravitation, force of circumstances, force
of habit, etc. We do, indeed, speak of strength of will and force of
will; but even here the former may lean toward the internal tenacity
of purpose, and the latter toward the outward expression of it in
action. But, though the two words do in a few cases touch thus closely
on each other, there is, on the whole, a marked distinction in our use
of force and strength. "Force is the name given, in mechanical
science, to whatever produces, or can produce, motion." Nichol.
Thy tears are of no force to mollify This flinty man. Heywood.
More huge in strength than wise in works he was. Spenser.
Adam and first matron Eve Had ended now their orisons, and found
Strength added from above, new hope to spring Out of despair.
Milton.
Force
Force (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Forcing
(?).] [OF. forcier, F. forcer, fr. LL. forciare, fortiare. See Force,
n.]
1. To constrain to do or to forbear, by the exertion of a power not
resistible; to compel by physical, moral, or intellectual means; to
coerce; as, masters force slaves to labor.
2. To compel, as by strength of evidence; as, to force conviction on
the mind.
3. To do violence to; to overpower, or to compel by violence to one;s
will; especially, to ravish; to violate; to commit rape upon.
To force their monarch and insult the court. Dryden.
I should have forced thee soon wish other arms. Milton.
To force a spotless virgin's chastity. Shak.
4. To obtain or win by strength; to take by violence or struggle;
specifically, to capture by assault; to storm, as a fortress.
5. To impel, drive, wrest, extort, get, etc., by main strength or
violence; -- with a following adverb, as along, away, from, into,
through, out, etc.
It stuck so fast, so deeply buried lay That scarce the victor
forced the steel away. Dryden.
To force the tyrant from his seat by war. Sahk.
Ethelbert ordered that none should be forced into religion. Fuller.
6. To put in force; to cause to be executed; to make binding; to
enforce. [Obs.]
What can the church force more? J. Webster.
7. To exert to the utmost; to urge; hence, to strain; to urge to
excessive, unnatural, or untimely action; to produce by unnatural
effort; as, to force a consient or metaphor; to force a laugh; to
force fruits.
High on a mounting wave my head I bore, Forcing my strength, and
gathering to the shore. Dryden.
8. (Whist) To compel (an adversary or partner) to trump a trick by
leading a suit of which he has none.
9. To provide with forces; to re\'89nforce; to strengthen by soldiers;
to man; to garrison. [Obs.] Shak.
10. To allow the force of; to value; to care for. [Obs.]
For me, I force not argument a straw. Shak.
Syn. -- To compel; constrain; oblige; necessitate; coerce; drive;
press; impel.
Force
Force, v. i. [Obs. in all the senses.]
1. To use violence; to make violent effort; to strive; to endeavor.
Forcing with gifts to win his wanton heart. Spenser.
2. To make a difficult matter of anything; to labor; to hesitate;
hence, to force of, to make much account of; to regard.
Your oath once broke, you force not to forswear. Shak.
I force not of such fooleries. Camden.
3. To be of force, importance, or weight; to matter.
It is not sufficient to have attained the name and dignity of a
shepherd, not forcing how. Udall.
Forced
Forced (?), a. Done or produced with force or great labor, or by
extraordinary exertion; hurried; strained; produced by unnatural
effort or pressure; as, a forced style; a forced laugh. Forced
draught. See under Draught. -- Forced march (Mil.), a march of one or
more days made with all possible speed. -- For"ced*ly (#), adv. --
For"ced*ness, n.
Forceful
Force"ful (?), a. Full of or processing force; exerting force; mighty.
-- Force"ful*ly, adv.
Against the steed he threw His forceful spear. Dryden.
Forceless
Force"less, a. Having little or no force; feeble.
These forceless flowers like sturdy trees support me. Shak.
Forcemeat
Force"meat` (?), n. [Corrupt. for farce-meat, fr. F. farce stuffing.
See Farce, n.] (Cookery) Meat chopped fine and highly seasoned, either
served up alone, or used as a stuffing. [Written also forced meat.]
Forcement
Force"ment (?), n. The act of forcing; compulsion. [Obs.]
It was imposed upon us by constraint; And will you count such
forcement treachery? J. Webster.
Forceps
For"ceps (?), n. [L. forceps, -cipis, from the root of formus Hot +
capere to take; akin to E. heave. Cf. Furnace.]
1. A pair of pinchers, or tongs; an instrument for grasping, holding
firmly, or exerting traction upon, bodies which it would be
inconvenient or impracticable to seize with the fingers, especially
one for delicate operations, as those of watchmakers, surgeons,
accoucheurs, dentists, etc.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The caudal forceps-shaped appendage of earwigs and some
other insects. See Earwig.
Dressing forceps. See under Dressing.
Force pump
Force" pump` (?). (Mach.) (a) A pump having a solid piston, or
plunger, for drawing and forcing a liquid, as water, through the
valves; in distinction from a pump having a bucket, or valved piston.
(b) A pump adapted for delivering water at a considerable height above
the pump, or under a considerable pressure; in distinction from one
which lifts the water only to the top of the pump or delivers it
through a spout. See Illust. of Plunger pump, under Plunger.
Forcer
For"cer (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, forces or drives.
2. (Mech.) (a) The solid piston of a force pump; the instrument by
which water is forced in a pump. (b) A small hand pump for sinking
pits, draining cellars, etc.
Forcible
For"ci*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF. forcible forcible, forceable that may be
forced.]
1. Possessing force; characterized by force, efficiency, or energy;
powerful; efficacious; impressive; influential.
How forcible are right words! Job. vi. 2
Sweet smells are most forcible in dry substances, when broken.
Bacon.
But I have reasons strong and forcible. Shak.
That punishment which hath been sometimes forcible to bridle sin.
Hooker.
He is at once elegant and sublime, forcible and ornamented. Lowth
(Transl. )
2. Violent; impetuous.
Like mingled streams, more forcible when joined. Prior.
3. Using force against opposition or resistance; obtained by
compulsion; effected by force; as, forcible entry or abduction.
In embraces of King James . . . forcible and unjust. Swift.
Forcible entry and detainer (Law), the entering upon and taking and
withholding of land and tenements by actual force and violence, and
with a strong hand, to the hindrance of the person having the right to
enter. Syn. -- Violent; powerful; strong; energetic; mighty; potent;
weighty; impressive; cogent; influential.
Forcible-feeble
For"ci*ble-fee`ble (?), a. [From Feeble, a character in the Second
Part of Shakespeare's "King Henry IV.," to whom Falstaff derisively
applies the epithet "forcible."] Seemingly vigorous, but really weak
or insipid.
He [Prof. Ayton] would purge his book of much offensive matter, if
he struck out epithets which are in the bad taste of the
forcible-feeble school. N. Brit. Review.
Forcibleness
For"ci*ble*ness, n. The quality of being forcible.
Forcibly
For"ci*bly, adv. In a forcible manner.
Forcing
For"cing (?), n.
1. The accomplishing of any purpose violently, precipitately,
prematurely, or with unusual expedition.
2. (Gardening) The art of raising plants, flowers, and fruits at an
earlier season than the natural one, as in a hitbed or by the use of
artificial heat.
Forcing bed OR pit, a plant bed having an under layer of fermenting
manure, the fermentation yielding bottom heat for forcing plants; a
hotbed. -- Forcing engine, a fire engine. -- Forcing fit (Mech.), a
tight fit, as of one part into a hole in another part, which makes it
necessary to use considerable force in putting the two parts together.
-- Forcing house, a greenhouse for the forcing of plants, fruit trees,
etc. -- Forcing machine, a powerful press for putting together or
separating two parts that are fitted tightly one into another, as for
forcing a crank on a shaft, or for drawing off a car wheel from the
axle. -- Forcing pump. See Force pump (b).
Forcipal
For"ci*pal (?), a. Forked or branched like a pair of forceps;
constructed so as to open and shut like a pair of forceps. Sir T.
Browne.
Forcipate, Forcipated
For"ci*pate (?), For"ci*pa`ted (?), a. Like a pair of forceps; as, a
forcipated mouth.
Forcipation
For`ci*pa"tion (?), n. Torture by pinching with forceps or pinchers.
Bacon.
Forcut
For*cut" (?), v. t. To cut completely; to cut off. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Ford
Ford (?), n. [AS. ford; akin to G. furt, Icel. f bay, and to E. fare.
Fare, v. i., and cf. Frith arm of the sea.]
1. A place in a river, or other water, where it may passed by man or
beast on foot, by wading.
He swam the Esk river where ford there was none. Sir W. Scott.
2. A stream; a current.
With water of the ford Or of the clouds. Spenser.
Permit my ghost to pass the Stygford. Dryden.
Ford
Ford, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forded; p. pr. & vb. n. Fording.] To pass or
cross, as a river or other water, by wading; to wade through.
His last section, which is no deep one, remains only to be forted.
Milton.
Fordable
Ford"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being forded. -- Ford"a*ble*ness, n.
Fordless
Ford"less, a. Without a ford.
A deep and fordless river. Mallock.
Fordo
For*do" (?), v. t. [OE. fordon, AS. ford; pref. for- + d to do. See
For-, and Do, v. i.]
1. To destroy; to undo; to ruin. [Obs.]
This is the night That either makes me or fordoes me quite. Shak.
2. To overcome with fatigue; to exhaust. M. Arnold.
All with weary task fordone. Shak.
Fordone
For*done" (?), a. [See Fordo.] Undone; ruined. [Obs.] Spenser.
Fordrive
For*drive" (?), v. t. To drive about; to drive here and there. [Obs.]
Rom. of R.
Fordrunken
For*drunk"en (?), a. Utterly drunk; very drunk. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fordry
For*dry" (?), a. Entirely dry; withered. [Obs.] "A tree fordry."
Chaucer.
Fordwine
For*dwine" (?), v. i. To dwindle away; to disappear. [Obs.] Rom of R.
Fore
Fore, n. [AS. f, fr. faran to go. See Fare, v. i.] Journey; way;
method of proceeding. [Obs.] "Follow him and his fore." Chaucer.
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Page 583
Fore
Fore, adv. [AS. fore, adv. & prep., another form of for. See For, and
cf. Former, Foremost.]
1. In the part that precedes or goes first; -- opposed to aft, after,
back, behind, etc.
2. Formerly; previously; afore. [Obs. or Colloq.]
The eyes, fore duteous, now converted are. Shak.
3. (Naut.) In or towards the bows of a ship.
Fore and aft (Naut.), from stem to stern; lengthwise of the vessel; --
in distinction from athwart. R. H. Dana, Jr. -- Fore-and-aft rigged
(Naut.), not rigged with square sails attached to yards, but with
sails bent to gaffs or set on stays in the midship line of the vessel.
See Schooner, Sloop, Cutter.
Fore
Fore (?), a. [See Fore, advv.] Advanced, as compared with something
else; toward the front; being or coming first, in time, place, order,
or importance; preceding; anterior; antecedent; earlier; forward; --
opposed to back or behind; as, the fore part of a garment; the fore
part of the day; the fore and of a wagon.
The free will of the subject is preserved, while it is directed by
the fore purpose of the state. Southey.
NOTE: &hand; Fore is much used adjectively or in composition.
Fore bay, a reservoir or canal between a mill race and a water wheel;
the discharging end of a pond or mill race. -- Fore body
(Shipbuilding), the part of a ship forward of the largest
cross-section, distinguisched from middle body abd after body. -- Fore
boot, a receptacle in the front of a vehicle, for stowing baggage,
etc. -- Fore bow, the pommel of a saddle. Knight. -- Fore cabin, a
cabin in the fore part of a ship, usually with inferior
accommodations. -- Fore carriage. (a) The forward part of the running
gear of a four-wheeled vehicle. (b) A small carriage at the front end
of a plow beam. -- Fore course (Naut.), the lowermost sail on the
foremost of a square-rigged vessel; the foresail. See Illust. under
Sail. -- Fore door. Same as Front door. -- Fore edge, the front edge
of a book or folded sheet, etc. -- Fore elder, an ancestor. [Prov.
Eng.] -- Fore end. (a) The end which precedes; the earlier, or the
nearer, part; the beginning.
I have . . . paid More pious debts to heaven, than in all The fore
end of my time. Shak.
(b) In firearms, the wooden stock under the barrel, forward of the
trigger guard, or breech frame. -- Fore girth, a girth for the fore
part (of a horse, etc.); a martingale. -- Fore hammer, a sledge
hammer, working alternately, or in time, with the hand hammer. -- Fore
leg, one of the front legs of a quadruped, or multiped, or of a chair,
settee, etc. -- Fore peak (Naut.), the angle within a ship's bows; the
portion of the hold which is farthest forward. -- Fore piece, a front
piece, as the flap in the fore part of a sidesaddle, to guard the
rider's dress. -- Fore plane, a carpenter's plane, in size and use
between a jack plane and a smoothing plane. Knight. -- Fore reading,
previous perusal. [Obs.] Hales. -- Fore rent, in Scotland, rent
payable before a crop is gathered. -- Fore sheets (Naut.), the forward
portion of a rowboat; the space beyond the front thwart. See Stern
sheets. -- Fore shore. (a) A bank in advance of a sea wall, to break
the force of the surf. (b) The seaward projecting, slightly inclined
portion of a breakwater. Knight. (c) The part of the shore between
high and low water marks. -- Fore sight, that one of the two sights of
a gun which is near the muzzle. -- Fore tackle (Naut.), the tackle on
the foremast of a ship. -- Fore topmast. (Naut.) See Fore-topmast, in
the Vocabulary. -- Fore wind, a favorable wind. [Obs.]
Sailed on smooth seas, by fore winds borne. Sandys.
-- Fore world, the antediluvian world. [R.] Southey.
Fore
Fore, n. The front; hence, that which is in front; the future. At the
fore (Naut.), at the fore royal masthead; -- said of a flag, so raised
as a signal for sailing, etc. -- To the fore. (a) In advance; to the
front; to a prominent position; in plain sight; in readiness for use.
(b) In existence; alive; not worn out, lost, or spent, as money, etc.
[Irish] "While I am to the fore." W. Collins. "How many captains in
the regiment had two thousand pounds to the fore?" Thackeray.
Fore
Fore, prep. Before; -- sometimes written 'fore as if a contraction of
afore or before. [Obs.]
Foreadmonish
Fore`ad*mon"ish (?), v. t. To admonish beforehand, or before the act
or event. Bp. Hall.
Foreadvise
Fore`ad*vise" (?), v. t. To advise or counsel before the time of
action, or before the event. Shak.
Foreallege
Fore`al*lege" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forealleged (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Forealleging (?).] To allege or cite before. Fotherby.
Foreappoint
Fore`ap*point" (?), v. t. To set, order, or appoint, beforehand.
Sherwood.
Foreappointment
Fore`ap*point"ment (?), n. Previous appointment; preordinantion.
Sherwood.
Forearm
Fore*arm" (?), v. t. To arm or prepare for attack or resistance before
the time of need. South.
Forearm
Fore"arm` (?), n. (Anat.) That part of the arm or fore limb between
the elbow and wrist; the antibrachium.
Forebeam
Fore"beam` (?), n. The breast beam of a loom.
Forebear
Fore*bear" (?), n. An ancestor. See Forbear.
Forebode
Fore*bode" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foreboded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Foreboding.] [AS. forebodian; fore + bodian to announce. See Bode v.
t.]
1. To foretell.
2. To be prescient of (some ill or misfortune); to have an inward
conviction of, as of a calamity which is about to happen; to augur
despondingly.
His heart forebodes a mystery. Tennyson.
Sullen, desponding, and foreboding nothing but wars and desolation,
as the certain consequence of C\'91sar's death. Middleton.
I have a sort of foreboding about him. H. James.
Syn. -- To foretell; predict; prognosticate; augur; presage; portend;
betoken.
Forebode
Fore*bode", v. i. To fortell; to presage; to augur.
If I forebode aright. Hawthorne.
Forebode
Fore*bode", n. Prognostication; presage. [Obs.]
Forebodement
Fore*bode"ment (?), n. The act of foreboding; the thing foreboded.
Foreboder
Fore*bod"er (?), n. One who forebodes.
Foreboding
Fore*bod"ing, n. Presage of coming ill; expectation of misfortune.
Forebodingly
Fore*bod"ing*ly, adv. In a foreboding manner.
Forebrace
Fore"brace` (?), n. (Naut.) A rope applied to the fore yardarm, to
change the position of the foresail.
Forebrain
Fore"brain` (?), n. (Anat.) The anterior of the three principal
divisions of the brain, including the prosencephalon and
thalamencephalon. Sometimes restricted to the prosencephalon only. See
Brain.
Foreby
Fore*by" (?), prep. [Fore + by.] Near; hard by; along; past. See
Forby. Spenser.
Forecast
Fore*cast" (?), v. t.
1. To plan beforehand; to scheme; to project.
He shall forecast his devices against the strongholds. Dan. xi. 24.
2. To foresee; to calculate beforehand, so as to provide for.
It is wisdom to consider the end of things before we embark, and to
forecast consequences. L'Estrange.
Forecast
Fore*cast", v. i. To contrive or plan beforehand.
If it happen as I did forecast. Milton.
Forecast
Fore"cast (?), n. Previous contrivance or determination;
predetermination.
He makes this difference to arise from the forecast and
predetermination of the gods themselves. Addison.
2. Foresight of consequences, and provision against them; prevision;
premeditation.
His calm, deliberate forecast better fitted him for the council
than the camp. Prescott.
Forecaster
Fore*cast"er (?), n. One who forecast. Johnson.
Forecastle
Fore"cas`tle (?; sailors say , n. (Naut.) (a) A short upper deck
forward, formerly raised like a castle, to command an enemy's decks.
(b) That part of the upper deck of a vessel forward of the foremast,
or of the after part of the fore channels. (c) In merchant vessels,
the forward part of the vessel, under the deck, where the sailors
live.
Forechosen
Fore`cho"sen (?), a. Chosen beforehand.
Forecited
Fore"cit`ed (?), a. Cited or quoted before or above. Arbuthnot.
Foreclose
Fore*close" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foreclosed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Foreclosing (?).] [F. forclos, p.p. of forclore to exclude; OF. fors,
F. hors, except, outside (fr. L. foris outside) + F. clore to close.
See Foreign, and Close, v. t.] To shut up or out; to preclude; to
stop; to prevent; to bar; to exclude.
The embargo with Spain foreclosed this trade. Carew.
To foreclose a mortgager (Law), to cut him off by a judgment of court
from the power of redeeming the mortgaged premises, termed his equity
of redemption. -- To foreclose a mortgage, (not technically correct,
but often used to signify) the obtaining a judgment for the payment of
an overdue mortgage, and the exposure of the mortgaged property to
sale to meet the mortgage debt. Wharton.
Foreclosure
Fore*clo"sure (?; 135), n. The act or process of foreclosing; a
proceeding which bars or extinguishes a mortgager's right of redeeming
a mortgaged estate.
Foreconceive
Fore`con*ceive" (?), v. t. To preconceive; to imagine beforehand.
[Obs.] Bacon.
Foredate
Fore*date" (?), v. t. To date before the true time; to antendate.
Foredeck
Fore"deck` (?), n. (Naut.) The fore part of a deck, or of a ship.
Foredeem
Fore*deem" (?), v. t. To recognize or judge in advance; to forebode.
[Obs.] Udall.
Laugh at your misery, as foredeeming you An idle meteor. J.
Webster.
Foredeem
Fore*deem", v. i. [Cf. Foredoom.] To know or discover beforehand; to
foretell. [Obs.]
Which [maid] could guess and foredeem of things past, present, and
to come. Genevan Test.
Foredesign
Fore`de*sign" (? OR ?), v. t. To plan beforehand; to intend
previously. Cheyne.
Foredetermine
Fore`de*ter"mine (?), v. t. To determine or decree beforehand. Bp.
Hopkins.
Foredispose
Fore`dis*pose" (?), v. t. To bestow beforehand. [R.]
King James had by promise foredisposed the place on the Bishop of
Meath. Fuller.
Foredoom
Fore*doom" (?), v. t. [Cf. Foredeem.] To doom beforehand; to
predestinate.
Thou art foredomed to view the Stygian state. Dryden.
Foredoom
Fore"doom` (?), n. Doom or sentence decreed in advance. "A dread
foredoom ringing in the ears of the guilty adult." Southey.
Forefather
Fore"fa`ther (?; 277), n. One who precedes another in the line of
genealogy in any degree, but usually in a remote degree; an ancestor.
Respecting your forefathers, you would have been taught to respect
yourselves. Burke.
Forefathers' Day, the anniversary of the day (December 21) on which
the Pilgrim Fathers landed at Plymouth, Massachusetts (1620). On
account of a mistake in reckoning the change from Old Style to New
Style, it has generally been celebrated on the 22d.
Forefeel
Fore*feel" (?), v. t. To feel beforehand; to have a presentiment of.
[Obs.]
As when, with unwieldy waves, the great sea forefeels winds.
Chapman.
Forefence
Fore`fence" (?), n. Defense in front. [Obs.]
Forefend
Fore*fend" (?), v. t. [OE. forfenden; pref. for- + fenden to fend. See
Fend, v. t.] To hinder; to fend off; to avert; to prevent the approach
of; to forbid or prohibit. See Forfend.
God forefend it should ever be recorded in our history. Landor.
It would be a far better work . . . to forefend the cruelty. I.
Taylor.
Forefinger
Fore"fin`ger (?), n. The finger next to the thumb; the index.
Foreflow
Fore*flow" (?), v. t. To flow before. [Obs.]
Forefoot
Fore"foot` (?), n.
1. One of the anterior feet of a quardruped or multiped; -- usually
written fore foot.
2. (Shipbuilding) A piece of timber which terminates the keel at the
fore end, connecting it with the lower end of the stem.
Foreefront
Foree"front` (?), n. Foremost part or place.
Set ye Uriah in the forefront of the hottest battle. 2 Sam. xi. 15.
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, standing in the forefront for all time,
the masters of those who know. J. C. Shairp.
Foregame
Fore"game` (?), n. A first game; first plan. [Obs.] Whitlock.
Foreganger
Fore"gang`er (?), n. [Prop., a goer before cf. G. voreg\'84nger. See
Fore, and Gang.] (Naut.) A short rope grafted on a harpoon, to which a
longer lin Totten.
Foregather
Fore*gath"er (?), v. i. Same as Forgather.
Foregift
Fore"gift` (?), n. (Law) A premium paid by
Foregleam
Fore"gleam` (?), n. An antecedent or premonitory gleam; a dawning
light.
The foregleams of wisdom. Whittier.
Forego
Fore*go" (?), v. t. [imp. Forewent 2; p. p. Foregone (?; 115); p. pr.
& vb. n. Foregoing.] [See Forgo.]
1. To quit; to relinquish; to leave.
Stay at the third cup, or forego the place. Herbert.
2. To relinquish the enjoyment or advantage of; to give up; to resign;
to renounce; -- said of a thing already enjoyed, or of one within
reach, or anticipated.
All my patrimony,, If need be, I am ready to forego. Milton.
Thy lovers must their promised heaven forego. Keble.
[He] never forewent an opportunity of honest profit. R. L.
Stevenson.
NOTE: &hand; Fo rgo is the better spelling etymologically, but the
word has been confused with Forego, to go before.
Forego
Fore*go", v. t. [AS. foreg\'ben; fore + g\'ben to go; akin to G.
vorgehen to go before, precede. See GO, v. i.] To go before; to
precede; -- used especially in the present and past participles.
Pleasing remembrance of a thought foregone. Wordsworth.
For which the very mother's face forewent The mother's special
patience. Mrs. Browning.
Foregone conclusion, one which has preceded argument or examination;
one predetermined.
Foregoer
Fore*go"er (?), n.
1. One who goes before another; a predecessor; hence, an ancestor' a
progenitor.
2. A purveyor of the king; -- so called, formerly, from going before
to provide for his household. [Obs.]
Foregoer
Fore*go"er, n. [Etymologically forgoer.] One who forbears to enjoy.
Foreground
Fore"ground` (?), n. On a painting, and sometimes in a bas-relief,
mosaic picture, or the like, that part of the scene represented, which
is nearest to the spectator, and therefore occupies the lowest part of
the work of art itself. Cf. Distance, n., 6.
Foreguess
Fore*guess" (?), v. t. To conjecture. [Obs.]
Foregut
Fore"gut` (?), n. (Anat.) The anterior part of the alimentary canal,
from the mouth to the intestine, o
Forehand
Fore"hand` (?), n.
1. All that part of a horse which is before the rider. Johnson.
2. The chief or most important part. Shak.
3. Superiority; advantage; start; precedence.
And, but for ceremony, such a wretch . . . Had the forehand and
vantage of a king. Shak.
Forehand
Fore"hand`, a. Done beforehand; anticipative.
And so extenuate the forehand sin. Shak.
Forehanded
Fore"hand`ed, a.
1. Early; timely; seasonable. "Forehanded care." Jer. Taylor.
2. Beforehand with one's needs, or having resources in advance of
one's necessities; in easy circumstances; as, a forehanded farmer.
[U.S.]
3. Formed in the forehand or fore parts.
A substantial, true-bred beast, bravely forehanded. Dryden.
Forehead
Fore"head (?; 277), n.
1. The front of that part of the head which incloses the brain; that
part of the face above the eyes; the brow.
2. The aspect or countenance; assurance.
To look with forehead bold and big enough Upon the power and
puissance of the king. Shak.
3. The front or fore part of anything.
Flames in the forehead of the morning sky. Milton.
So rich advantage of a promised glory As smiles upon the forehead
of this action. Shak.
Forehear
Fore*hear" (?), v. i. & t. To hear beforehand.
Forehearth
Fore"hearth` (?), n. (Metal.) The forward extension of the hearth of a
blast furnace under the tymp.
Forehend
Fore*hend" (?), v. t. See Forhend. [Obs.]
Forehew
Fore*hew" (?), v. t. To hew or cut in front. [Obs.] Sackville.
Forehold
Fore"hold` (?), n. (Naut.) The forward part of the hold of a ship.
Foreholding
Fore*hold"ing (?), n. Ominous foreboding; superstitious
prognostication. [Obs.] L'Estrange.
Forehook
Fore"hook` (?), n. (Naut.) A piece of timber placed across the stem,
to unite the bows and strengthen the fore part of the ship; a breast
hook.
Foreign
For"eign (?), a. [OE. forein, F. forain, LL. foraneus, fr. L. foras,
foris, out of doors, abroad, without; akin to fores doors, and E.
door. See Door, and cf. Foreclose, Forfeit, Forest, Forum.]
1. Outside; extraneous; separated; alien; as, a foreign country; a
foreign government. "Foreign worlds." Milton.
2. Not native or belonging to a certain country; born in or belonging
to another country, nation, sovereignty, or locality; as, a foreign
language; foreign fruits. "Domestic and foreign writers." Atterbury.
Hail, foreign wonder! Whom certain these rough shades did never
breed. Milton.
3. Remote; distant; strange; not belonging; not connected; not
pertaining or pertient; not appropriate; not harmonious; not
agreeable; not congenial; -- with to or from; as, foreign to the
purpose; foreign to one's nature.
This design is not foreign from some people's thoughts. Swift.
4. Held at a distance; excluded; exiled. [Obs.]
Kept him a foreign man still; which so grieved him, That he ran mad
and died. Shak.
Foreign attachment (Law), a process by which the property of a foreign
or absent debtor is attached for the satisfaction of a debt due from
him to the plaintiff; an attachment of the goods, effects, or credits
of a debtor in the hands of a third person; -- called in some States
trustee, in others factorizing, and in others garnishee process. Kent.
Tomlins. Cowell. -- Foreign bill, a bill drawn in one country, and
payable in another, as distinguished from an inland bill, which is one
drawn and payable in the same country. In this latter, as well as in
several other points of view, the different States of the United
States are foreign to each other. See Exchange, n., 4. Kent. Story. --
Foreign body (Med.), a substance occurring in any part of the body
where it does not belong, and usually introduced from without. --
Foreign office, that department of the government of Great Britain
which has charge British interests in foreign countries.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 584
Syn. -- Outlandish; alien; exotic; remote; distant; extraneous;
extrinsic.
Foreigner
For"eign*er (?), n. A person belonging to or owning allegiance to a
foreign country; one not native in the country or jurisdiction under
consideration, or not naturalized there; an alien; a stranger.
Joy is such a foreigner, So mere a stranger to my thoughts. Denham.
Nor could the majesty of the English crown appear in a greater
luster, either to foreigners or subjects. Swift.
Foreignism
For"eign*ism (?), n. Anything peculiar to a foreign language or
people; a foreign idiom or custom.
It is a pity to see the technicalities of the so-called liberal
professions distigured by foreignisms. Fitzed. Hall.
Foreignness
For"eign*ness, n. The quality of being foreign; remoteness; want of
relation or appropriateness.
Let not the foreignness of the subject hinder you from endeavoring
to set me right. Locke.
A foreignness of complexion. G. Eliot.
Forein
For"ein (?), a. Foreign. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Forejudge
Fore*judge" (?), v. t. [Fore + judge.] To judge beforehand, or before
hearing the facts and proof; to prejudge.
Forejudge
Fore*judge", v. t. [For forjudge, fr. F. forjuger; OF. fors outside,
except + F. juger to judge.] (O. Eng. Law) To expel from court for
some offense or misconduct, as an attorney or officer; to deprive or
put out of a thing by the judgment of a court. Burrill.
Forejudger
Fore*judg"er (?), n. (Eng. Law) A judgment by which one is deprived or
put of a right or thing in question.
Forejudgment
Fore*judg"ment (?), n. Prejudgment. [Obs.] Spenser.
Foreknow
Fore*know" (?), v. t. [imp. Foreknew (?); p. p. Foreknown (?); p. pr.
& vb. n. Foreknowing.] To have previous knowledge of; to know
beforehand.
Who would the miseries of man foreknow? Dryden.
Foreknowa-ble
Fore*know"a-ble (?), a. That may be foreknown. Dr. H. More.
Foreknower
Fore*know"er (?), n. One who foreknows.
Foreknowingly
Fore*know"ing*ly, adv. With foreknowledge.
He who . . . foreknowingly loses his life. Jer. Taylor.
Foreknowledge
Fore*knowl"edge (?), n. Knowledge of a thing before it happens, or of
whatever is to happen; prescience.
If I foreknew, Foreknowledge had no influence on their fault.
Milton.
Forel
For"el (?), n. [OE. forelcase, sheath, OF. forel, fourel, F. fourreau,
LL. forellus, fr. OF. forre, fuerre, sheath, case, of German origin;
cf. OHG. fuotar, akin to Goth. f\'d3dr; prob. not the same word as E.
fodder food. Cf. Fur, Fodder food.] A kind of parchment for book
covers. See Forrill.
Forel
For"el, v. t. To bind with a forel. [R.] Fuller.
Foreland
Fore"land` (?), n.
1. A promontory or cape; a headland; as, the North and South Foreland
in Kent, England.
2. (Fort.) A piece of ground between the wall of a place and the moat.
Farrow.
3. (Hydraul. Engin.) That portion of the natural shore on the outside
of the embankment which receives the stock of waves and deadens their
force. Knight.
Forelay
Fore*lay" (?), v. t.
1. To lay down beforehand.
These grounds being forelaid and understood. Mede.
2. To waylay. See Forlay. [Obs.]
Foreleader
Fore*lead"er (?), n. One who leads others by his example; aguide.
Forelend
Fore*lend" (?), v. t. See Forlend. [Obs.]
As if that life to losse they had forelent. Spenser.
Forelet
Fore*let" (?), v. t. See Forlet. [Obs.] Holland.
Forelie
Fore*lie" (?), v. i. To lie in front of. [Obs.]
Which forelay Athwart her snowy breast. Spenser.
Forelift
Fore*lift" (?), v. t. To lift up in front. [Obs.]
Forelock
Fore"lock` (?), n.
1. The lock of hair that grows from the forepart of the head.
2. (Mech.) A cotter or split pin, as in a slot in a bolt, to prevent
retraction; a linchpin; a pin fastening the cap-square of a gun.
Forelock bolt, a bolt retained by a key, gib, or cotter passing
through a slot. -- Forelock hook (Rope Making), a winch or whirl by
which a bunch of three yarns is twisted into a standard. Knight. -- To
take time, OR occasion, by the forelock, to make prompt use of
anything; not to let slip an opportunity.
Time is painted with a lock before and bald behind, signifying
thereby that we must take time by the forelock; for when it is once
past, there is no recalling it. Swift.
On occasion's forelock watchful wait. Milton.
Forelook
Fore*look" (?), v. i. To look beforehand or forward. [Obs.] Spenser.
Foreman
Fore"man (?), n.; pl. Foremen (. The first or chief man; as: (a) The
chief man of a jury, who acts as their speaker. (b) The chief of a set
of hands employed in a shop, or on works of any kind, who superintends
the rest; an overseer.
Foremast
Fore"mast` (?), n. (Naut.) The mast nearest the bow. Foremast hand OR
man (Naut.), a common sailor; also, a man stationed to attend to the
gear of the foremast.
Foremeant
Fore*meant" (?), a. Intended beforehand; premeditated. [Obs.] Spenser.
Forementioned
Fore"men`tioned (?), a. Mentioned before; already cited;
aforementioned. Addison.
Foremilk
Fore"milk` (?), n. (Physiol.) The milk secreted just before, or
directly after, the birth of a child or of the young of an animal;
colostrum.
Foremost
Fore"most` (?), a. [OE. formest first, AS. formest, fyrmest, superl.
of forma first, which is a superl. fr. fore fore; cf. Goth. frumist,
fruma, first. See Fore, adv., and cf. First, Former, Frame, v. t.,
Prime, a.] First in time or place; most advanced; chief in rank or
dignity; as, the foremost troops of an army.
THat struck the foremost man of all this world. Shak.
Foremostly
Fore"most`ly, adv. In the foremost place or order; among the foremost.
J. Webster.
Foremother
Fore"moth`er (?), n. A female ancestor.
Forename
Fore"name` (?), n. A name that precedes the family name or surname; a
first name. Selden.
Forename
Fore"name`, v. t. To name or mention before. Shak.
Forenamed
Fore"named` (?), a. Named before; aforenamed.
Forenenst
Fore*nenst" (?), prep. [See Fore, and Anent.] Over against; opposite
to. [Now dialectic]
The land forenenst the Greekish shore. Fairfax.
Fore-night
Fore"-night` (?), n. The evening between twilight and bedtime. [Scot.]
Forenoon
Fore"noon" (?), n. The early part of the day, from morning to
meridian, or noon.
Forenotice
Fore"no`tice (?), n. Notice or information of an event before it
happens; forewarning. [R.] Rymer.
Forensal
Fo*ren"sal (?), a. Forensic. [R.]
Forensic
Fo*ren"sic (?), a. [L. forensis, fr. forum a public place, market
place. See Forum.] Belonging to courts of judicature or to public
discussion and debate; used in legal proceedings, or in public
discussions; argumentative; rhetorical; as, forensic eloquence or
disputes. Forensic medicine, medical jurisprudence; medicine in its
relations to law.
Forensic
Fo*ren"sic, n. (Amer. Colleges) An exercise in debate; a forensic
contest; an argumentative thesis.
Forensical
Fo*ren"sic*al (?), a. Forensic. Berkley.
Foreordain
Fore`or*dain" (?), v. t. To ordain or appoint beforehand; to
preordain; to predestinate; to predetermine. Hooker.
Foreordinate
Fore*or"di*nate (?), v. t. To foreordain.
Foreordination
Fore*or`di*na"tion (?), n. Previous ordination or appointment;
predetermination; predestination.
Fore part, OR Forepart
Fore" part` (?), OR Fore"part`, n. The part most advanced, or first in
time or in place; the beginning.
Forepast
Fore"past` (?), a. Bygone. [Obs.] Shak.
Forepossessed
Fore`pos*sessed" (?), a.
1. Holding or held formerly in possession. [Obs.]
2. Preoccupied; prepossessed; pre\'89ngaged. [Obs.]
Not extremely forepossessed with prejudice. Bp. Sanderson.
Foreprize
Fore*prize" (?), v. t. To prize or rate beforehand. [Obs.] Hooker.
Forepromised
Fore`prom"ised (?), a. Promised beforehand; pre\'89ngaged. Bp. Hall.
Forequoted
Fore"quot`ed (?), a. Cited before; quoted in a foregoing part of the
treatise or essay.
Foreran
Fore*ran" (?), imp. of Forerun.
Forerank
Fore"rank` (?), n. The first rank; the front.
Forereach
Fore*reach" (?), v. t. (Naut.) To advance or gain upon; -- said of a
vessel that gains upon another when sailing closehauled.
Forereach
Fore*reach", v. i. (Naut.) To shoot ahead, especially when going in
stays. R. H. Dana, Jr.
Foreread
Fore*read" (?), v. t. To tell beforehand; to signify by tokens; to
predestine. [Obs.] Spenser.
Forerecited
Fore`re*cit"ed (?), a. Named or recited before. "The forerecited
practices." Shak.
Foreremembered
Fore`re*mem"bered (?), a. Called to mind previously. Bp. Montagu.
Foreright
Fore"right` (?), a. Ready; directly forward; going before. [Obs.] "A
foreright wind." Chapman.
Foreright
Fore"right`, adv. Right forward; onward. [Obs.]
Forerun
Fore*run" (?), v. t.
1. To turn before; to precede; to be in advance of (something
following).
2. To come before as an earnest of something to follow; to introduce
as a harbinger; to announce.
These signs forerun the death or fall of kings. Shak.
Forerunner
Fore*run"ner (?), n.
1. A messenger sent before to give notice of the approach of others; a
harbinger; a sign foreshowing something; a prognostic; as, the
forerunner of a fever.
Whither the forerunner in for us entered, even Jesus. Heb. vi. 20.
My elder brothers, my forerunners, came. Dryden.
2. A predecessor; an ancestor. [Obs.] Shak.
3. (Naut.) A piece of rag terminating the log line.
Foresaid
Fore"said` (?), a. Mentioned before; aforesaid.
Foresail
Fore"sail` (?), n. (Naut.) (a) The sail bent to the foreyard of a
square-rigged vessel, being the lowest sail on the foremast. (b) The
gaff sail set on the foremast of a schooner. (c) The fore staysail of
a sloop, being the triangular sail next forward of the mast.
Foresay
Fore*say" (?), v. t. [AS. foresecgan; fore + secgan to say. See Say,
v. t.] To foretell. [Obs.]
Her danger nigh that sudden change foresaid. Fairfax.
Foresee
Fore*see" (?), v. t. [AS. forese\'a2n; fore + se\'a2n to see. See See,
v. t.]
1. To see beforehand; to have prescience of; to foreknow.
A prudent man foreseeth the evil. Prov. xxii. 3.
2. To provide. [Obs.]
Great shoals of people, which go on to populate, without foreseeing
means of life. Bacon.
Foresee
Fore*see", v. i. To have or exercise foresight. [Obs.]
Foreseen
Fore*seen" (?), conj., or (strictly) p. p. Provided; in case that; on
condition that. [Obs.]
One manner of meat is most sure to every complexion, foreseen that
it be alway most commonly in conformity of qualities, with the
person that eateth. Sir T. Elyot.
Foreseer
Fore*se"er (?), n. One who foresees or foreknows.
Foreseize
Fore*seize" (?), v. t. To seize beforehand.
Foreshadow
Fore*shad"ow (?), v. t. To shadow or typi Dryden.
Foreshew
Fore*shew" (?), v. t. See Foreshow.
Foreship
Fore"ship` (?), n. The fore part of a ship. [Obs.]
Foreshorten
Fore*short"en (?), v. t.
1. (Fine Art) To represent on a plane surface, as if extended in a
direction toward the spectator or nearly so; to shorten by drawing in
perspective.
2. Fig.: To represent pictorially to the imagination.
Songs, and deeds, and lives that lie Foreshortened in the tract of
time. Tennyson.
Foreshortening
Fore*short"en*ing, n. (Fine Arts) Representation in a foreshortened
mode or way.
Foreshot
Fore"shot` (?), n. In distillation of low wines, the first portion of
spirit that comes over, being a fluid abounding in fusel oil. Knight.
Foreshow
Fore*show" (?), v. t. [AS. foresce\'a0wian to foresee, provide; fore +
sce\'a0wian to see. See Show, v. t.] To show or exhibit beforehand; to
give foreknowledge of; to prognosticate; to foretell.
Your looks foreshow You have a gentle heart. Shak.
Next, like Aurora, Spenser rose, Whose purple blush the day
foreshows. Denham.
Foreshower
Fore*show"er (?), n. One who predicts.
Foreside
Fore"side (?), n.
1. The front side; the front; esp., a stretch of country fronting the
sea.
2. The outside or external covering. Spenser.
Foresight
Fore"sight` (?), n.
1. The act or the power of foreseeing; prescience; foreknowledge.
Milton.
2. Action in reference to the future; provident care; prudence; wise
forethought.
This seems an unseasonable foresight. Milton.
A random expense, without plan or foresight. Burke.
3. (Surv.) Any sight or reading of the leveling staff, except the
backsight; any sight or bearing taken by a compass or theodolite in a
forward direction.
4. (Gun.) Muzzle sight. See Fore sight, under Fore, a.
Foresighted
Fore"sight`ed (?), a. Sagacious; prudent; provident for the future.
Bartram.
Foresightful
Fore"sight`ful (?), a. Foresighted. [Obs.]
Foresignify
Fore*sig"ni*fy (?), v. t. To signify beforehand; to foreshow; to
typify. Milton.
Foreskin
Fore"skin (?), n. (Anat.) The fold of skin which covers the glans of
the penis; the prepuce.
Foreskirt
Fore"skirt` (?), n. The front skirt of a garment, in distinction from
the train.
Honor's train Is longer than his foreskirt. Shak.
Foreslack
Fore*slack" (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Forslack.
Foresleeve
Fore"sleeve` (?), n. The sleeve below the elbow.
Foreslow
Fore*slow" (?), v. t. [See Forslow.] To make slow; to hinder; to
obstruct. [Obs.] See Forslow, v. t.
No stream, no wood, no mountain could foreslow Their hasty pace.
Fairfax.
Foreslow
Fore*slow", v. i. To loiter. [Obs.] See Forslow, v. i.
Forespeak
Fore*speak" (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Forspeak.
Forespeak
Fore*speak", v. t. To foretell; to predict. [Obs.]
My mother was half a witch; never anything that she forespake but
came to pass. Beau. & Fl.
Forespeaking
Fore"speak`ing, n. A prediction; also, a preface. [Obs.] Camden.
Huloet.
Forespeech
Fore"speech` (?), n. A preface. [Obs.] Sherwood.
Forespent
Fore*spent" (?), a. [Fore + spent.] Already spent; gone by; past.
[Obs.] Shak.
Forespent
Fore*spent", a. [Obs.] See Forspent.
Forespurrer
Fore*spur"rer (?), n. One who rides before; a harbinger. [Obs.] Shak.
Forest
For"est (?), n. [OF. forest, F. for\'88t, LL. forestis, also,
forestus, forestum, foresta, prop., open ground reserved for the
chase, fr. L. foris, foras, out of doors, abroad. See Foreign.]
1. An extensive wood; a large tract of land covered with trees; in the
United States, a wood of native growth, or a tract of woodland which
has never been cultivated.
2. (Eng. Law) A large extent or precinct of country, generally waste
and woody, belonging to the sovereign, set apart for the keeping of
game for his use, not inclosed, but distinguished by certain limits,
and protected by certain laws, courts, and officers of its own.
Burrill.
Forest
For"est, a. Of or pertaining to a forest; sylvan. Forest fly.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) One of numerous species of blood-sucking flies, of the
family Tabanid\'91, which attack both men and beasts. See Horse fly.
(b) A fly of the genus Hippobosca, esp. H. equina. See Horse tick. --
Forest glade, a grassy space in a forest. Thomson. -- Forest laws,
laws for the protection of game, preservation of timber, etc., in
forests. -- Forest tree, a tree of the forest, especially a timber
tree, as distinguished from a fruit tree.
Forest
For"est, v. t. To cover with trees or wood.
Forestaff
Fore"staff` (?), n. (Naut.) An instrument formerly used at sea for
taking the altitudes of heavenly bodies, now superseded by the
sextant; -- called also cross-staff. Brande & C.
Forestage
For"est*age (?), n. [Cf. F. forestage.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) A duty or
tribute payable to the king's foresters. (b) A service paid by
foresters to the king.
Forestal
For"est*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to forests; as, forestal rights.
Forestall
Fore*stall" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forestalled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Forestalling.] [OE. forstallen to stop, to obstruct; to stop (goods)
on the way to the market by buying them beforehand, from forstal
obstruction, AS. forsteal, foresteall, prop., a placing one's self
before another. See Fore, and Stall.]
1. To take beforehand, or in advance; to anticipate.
What need a man forestall his date of grief, And run to meet what
he would most avoid? Milton.
2. To take possession of, in advance of some one or something else, to
the exclusion or detriment of the latter; to get ahead of; to
preoccupy; also, to exclude, hinder, or prevent, by prior occupation,
or by measures taken in advance.
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Page 585
An ugly serpent which forestalled their way. Fairfax.
But evermore those damsels did forestall Their furious encounter.
Spenser.
To be forestalled ere we come to fall. Shak.
Habit is a forestalled and obstinate judge. Rush.
3. To deprive; -- with of. [R.]
All the better; may This night forestall him of the coming day!
Shak.
4. (Eng. Law) To obstruct or stop up, as a way; to stop the passage of
on highway; to intercept on the road, as goods on the way to market.
To forestall the market, to buy or contract for merchandise or
provision on its way to market, with the intention of selling it again
at a higher price; to dissuade persons from bringing their goods or
provisions there; or to persuade them to enhance the price when there.
This was an offense at law in England until 1844. Burrill. Syn. -- To
anticipate; monopolize; engross.
Forestaller
Fore*stall"er (?), n. One who forestalls; esp., one who forestalls the
market. Locke.
Forestay
Fore"stay` (?), n. (Naut.) A large, strong rope, reaching from the
foremast head to the bowsprit, to support the mast. See Illust. under
Ship.
Forester
For"est*er (?), n. [F. forestier, LL. forestarius.]
1. One who has charge of the growing timber on an estate; an officer
appointed to watch a forest and preserve the game.
2. An inhabitant of a forest. Wordsworth.
3. A forest tree. [R.] Evelyn.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A lepidopterous insect belonging to Alypia and allied
genera; as, the eight-spotted forester (A. octomaculata), which in the
larval state is injurious to the grapevine.
Forestick
Fore"stick` (?), n. Front stick of a hearth fire.
Forestry
For"est*ry (?), n. [Cf. OF. foresterie.] The art of forming or of
cultivating forests; the management of growing timber.
Foreswart, Foreswart
Fore"swart` (?), Fore"swart` (?), a. [Obs.] See Forswat.
Foretaste
Fore"taste` (?), n. A taste beforehand; enjoyment in advance;
anticipation.
Foretaste
Fore*taste" (?), v. t.
1. To taste before full possession; to have previous enjoyment or
experience of; to anticipate.
2. To taste before another. "Foretasted fruit." Milton.
Foretaster
Fore"tast`er (? OR ?), n. One who tastes beforehand, or before
another.
Foreteach
Fore*teach" (?), v. t. To teach beforehand. [Obs.]
Foretell
Fore*tell" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foretold (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Foretelling.] To predict; to tell before occurence; to prophesy; to
foreshow.
Deeds then undone my faithful tongue foretold. Pope.
Prodigies, foretelling the future eminence and luster of his
character. C. Middleton.
Syn. -- To predict; prophesy; prognosticate; augur.
Foretell
Fore*tell", v. i. To utter predictions. Acts iii. 24.
Foreteller
Fore*tell"er (?), n. One who predicts. Boyle.
Forethink
Fore*think" (?), v. t.
1. To think beforehand; to anticipate in the mind; to prognosticate.
[Obs.]
The soul of every man Prophetically doth forethink thy fall. Shak.
2. To contrive (something) beforehend. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Forethink
Fore*think", v. i. To contrive beforehand. [Obs.]
Forethought
Fore"thought` (?), a. Thought of, or planned, beforehand;
aforethought; prepense; hence, deliberate. "Forethought malice."
Bacon.
Forethought
Fore"thought`, n. A thinking or planning beforehand; prescience;
premeditation; forecast; provident care.
A sphere that will demand from him forethought, courage, and
wisdom. I. Taylor.
Forethoughtful
Fore"thought`ful (?), a. Having forethought. [R.]
Foretime
Fore"time` (?), n. The past; the time before the present. "A very dim
foretime." J. C. Shairp.
Foretoken
Fore"to`ken (?), n. [AS. foret\'becen. See Token.] Prognostic;
previous omen. Sir P. Sidney.
Foretoken
Fore*to"ken (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foretokened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Foretokening (?).] [AS. foret\'becnian; fore + t\'becnian.] To
foreshow; to presignify; to prognosticate.
Whilst strange prodigious signs foretoken blood. Daniel.
Fore tooth
Fore" tooth` (?), pl. Fore teeth (. (Anat.) One of the teeth in the
forepart of the mouth; an incisor.
Foretop
Fore"top` (?), n.
1. The hair on the forepart of the head; esp., a tuft or lock of hair
which hangs over the forehead, as of a horse.
2. That part of a headdress that is in front; the top of a periwig.
3. (Naut.) The platform at the head of the foremast.
Fore-topgallant
Fore`-top*gal"lant (? OR ?), a. (Naut.) Designating the mast, sail,
yard, etc., above the topmast; as, the fore-topgallant sail. See Sail.
Fore-topmast
Fore`-top"mast (?), n. (Naut.) The mast erected at the head of the
foremast, and at the head of which stands the fore-topgallant mast.
See Ship.
Fore-topsail
Fore`-top"sail (? OR ?), n. (Naut.) See Sail.
Forever
For*ev"er (?), adv. [For, prep. + ever.]
1. Through eternity; through endless ages, eternally.
2. At all times; always.
NOTE: &hand; In En gland, fo r an d ev er ar e usually written and
printed as two separate words; but, in the United States, the
general practice is to make but a single word of them.
Forever and ever, an emphatic "forever." Syn. -- Constantly;
continually; invariably; unchangeably; incessantly; always;
perpetually; unceasingly; ceaselessly; interminably; everlastingly;
endlessly; eternally.
Forevouched
Fore*vouched" (?), a. Formerly vouched or avowed; affirmed in advance.
[R.] Shak.
Foreward
Fore"ward` (?), n. The van; the front. [Obs.]
My foreward shall be drawn out all in length, Consisting equally of
horse and foot. Shak.
Forewarn
Fore*warn" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forewarned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Forewarning.] To warn beforehand; to give previous warning,
admonition, information, or notice to; to caution in advance.
We were forewarned of your coming. Shak.
Forewaste
Fore*waste" (?), v. t. See Forewaste. Gascoigne.
Forewend
Fore*wend" (?), v. t. [Fore + wend.] To go before. [Obs.] Spenser.
Forewish
Fore*wish" (?), v. t. To wish beforehand.
Forewit
Fore"wit` (?), n.
1. A leader, or would-be leader, in matters of knowledge or taste.
[Obs.]
Nor that the forewits, that would draw the rest unto their liking,
always like the best. B. Jonson.
2. Foresight; prudence.
Let this forewit guide thy thought. Southwell.
Forewite
Fore*wite" (?), v. t. [pres. indic. sing., 1st & 3d pers. Forewot (?),
2d person Forewost (, pl. Forewiten (; imp. sing. Forewiste (?), pl.
Forewisten (; p. pr. & vb. n. Forewiting (?).] [AS. forewitan. See Wit
to know.] To foreknow. [Obs.] [Written also forwete.] Chaucer.
Forewomen
Fore"wom`en (?), n.; pl. Forewomen (. A woman who is chief; a woman
who has charge of the work or workers in a shop or other place; a head
woman. Tatler. W. Besant.
Foreword
Fore"word` (?), n. A preface. Furnvall.
Foreworn
Fore*worn" (?), a. [See Forworn.] Worn out; wasted; used up. [Archaic]
Old foreworn stories almost forgotten. Brydges.
Forewot
Fore*wot" (?), pres. indic., 1st & 3d pers. sing. of Forewite. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Foreyard
Fore"yard` (?), n. (Naut.) The lowermost yard on the foremast.
NOTE: [See Illust. of Ship.]
Forfalture
For"fal*ture (?), n. Forfeiture. [Obs.]
Forfeit
For"feit (?), n. [OE. forfet crime, penalty, F. forfait crime (LL.
forefactum, forifactum), prop. p.p. of forfaire to forfeit,
transgress, fr. LL. forifacere, prop., to act beyond; L. foris out of
doors, abroad, beyond + facere to do. See Foreign, and FAct.]
1. Injury; wrong; mischief. [Obs. & R.]
To seek arms upon people and country that never did us any forfeit.
Ld. Berners.
2. A thing forfeit or forfeited; what is or may be taken from one in
requital of a misdeed committed; that which is lost, or the right to
which is alienated, by a crime, offense, neglect of duty, or breach of
contract; hence, a fine; a mulct; a penalty; as, he who murders pays
the forfeit of his life.
Thy slanders I forgive; and therewithal Remit thy other forfeits.
Shak.
3. Something deposited and redeemable by a sportive fine; -- whence
the game of forfeits.
Country dances and forfeits shortened the rest of the day.
Goldsmith.
Forfeit
For"feit, a. [F. forfait, p.p. of forfaire. See Forfeit, n.] Lost or
alienated for an offense or crime; liable to penal seizure.
Thy wealth being forfeit to the state. Shak.
To tread the forfeit paradise. Emerson.
Forfeit
For"feit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forfeited; p. pr. & vb. n. Forfeiting.]
[OE. forfeten. See Forfeit, n.] To lose, or lose the right to, by some
error, fault, offense, or crime; to render one's self by misdeed
liable to be deprived of; to alienate the right to possess, by some
neglect or crime; as, to forfeit an estate by treason; to forfeit
reputation by a breach of promise; -- with to before the one acquiring
what is forfeited.
[They] had forfeited their property by their crimes. Burke.
Undone and forfeited to cares forever! Shak.
Forfeit
For"feit, v. i.
1. To be guilty of a misdeed; to be criminal; to transgress. [Obs.]
2. To fail to keep an obligation. [Obs.]
I will have the heart of him if he forfeit. Shak.
Forfeit
For"feit, p. p. OR a. In the condition of being forfeited; subject to
alienation. Shak.
Once more I will renew His laps\'8ad powers, though forfeite.
Milton.
Fourfeitable
Four"feit*a*ble (?), a. Liable to be forfeited; subject to forfeiture.
For the future, uses shall be subject to the statutes of mortmain,
and forfeitable, like the lands themselves. Blackstone.
Forfeiter
For"feit*er (?), n. One who incurs a penalty of forfeiture.
Forfeiture
For"fei*ture (?; 135), n. [F. forfeiture, LL. forisfactura.]
1. The act of forfeiting; the loss of some right, privilege, estate,
honor, office, or effects, by an offense, crime, breach of condition,
or other act.
Under pain of foreiture of the said goods. Hakluyt.
2. That which is forfeited; a penalty; a fine or mulct.
What should I gain By the exaction of the forfeiture? Shak.
Syn. -- Fine; mulct; amercement; penalty.
Forfend
For*fend" (?), v. t. [Pref. for- + fend. See Forewend.] To prohibit;
to forbid; to avert. [Archaic]
Which peril heaven forefend! Shak.
NOTE: &hand; This is etymologically the preferable spelling.
Forfered
For*fer"ed (?), p. p. & a. [See For-, and Fear.] Excessively alarmed;
in great fear. [Obs.] "Forfered of his death." Chaucer.
Forfete
For"fete (?), v. i. [See Forfeit.] To incur a penalty; to transgress.
[Obs.]
And all this suffered our Lord Jesus Christ that never forfeted.
Chaucer.
Forfex
For"fex (?), n. [L.] A pair of shears. Pope.
Forficate
For"fi*cate (?), a. [L. forfex, forficis, shears.] (Zo\'94l.) Deeply
forked, as the tail of certain birds.
Forficula
For*fic"u*la (?), n. [L., small shears, scissors, dim. of forfex
shears.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of insects including the earwigs. See
Earwig, 1.
Forgather
For*gath"er (?), v. i. To convene; to gossip; to meet accidentally.
[Scot.] Jamieson.
Within that circle he forgathered with many a fool. Wilson.
Forgave
For*gave" (?), imp. of Forgive.
Forge
Forge (?), n. [F. forge, fr. L. fabrica the workshop of an artisan who
works in hard materials, fr. faber artisan, smith, as adj., skillful,
ingenious; cf. Gr. Fabric.]
1. A place or establishment where iron or other metals are wrought by
heating and hammering; especially, a furnace, or a shop with its
furnace, etc., where iron is heated and wrought; a smithy.
In the quick forge and working house of thought. Shak.
2. The works where wrought iron is produced directly from the ore, or
where iron is rendered malleable by puddling and shingling; a
shingling mill.
3. The act of beating or working iron or steel; the manufacture of
metalic bodies. [Obs.]
In the greater bodies the forge was easy. Bacon.
American forge, a forge for the direct production of wrought iron,
differing from the old Catalan forge mainly in using finely crushed
ore and working continuously. Raymond. -- Catalan forge. (Metal.) See
under Catalan. -- Forge cinder, the dross or slag form a forge or
bloomary. -- Forge rolls, Forge train, the train of rolls by which a
bloom is converted into puddle bars. -- Forge wagon (Mil.), a wagon
fitted up for transporting a blackmith's forge and tools. -- Portable
forge, a light and compact blacksmith's forge, with bellows, etc.,
that may be moved from place to place.
Forge
Forge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Forging (?).]
[F. forger, OF. forgier, fr. L. fabricare, fabricari, to form, frame,
fashion, from fabrica. See Forge, n., and cf. Fabricate.]
1. To form by heating and hammering; to beat into any particular
shape, as a metal.
Mars's armor forged for proof eterne. Shak.
2. To form or shape out in any way; to produce; to frame; to invent.
Those names that the schools forged, and put into the mouth of
scholars, could never get admittance into common use. Locke.
Do forge a life-long trouble for ourselves. Tennyson.
3. To coin. [Obs.] Chaucer.
4. To make falsely; to produce, as that which is untrue or not
genuine; to fabricate; to counterfeit, as, a signature, or a signed
document.
That paltry story is untrue, And forged to cheat such gulls as you.
Hudibras.
Forged certificates of his . . . moral character. Macaulay.
Syn. -- To fabricate; counterfeit; feign; falsify.
Forge
Forge, v. i. [See Forge, v. t., and for sense 2, cf. Forge compel.]
1. To commit forgery.
2. (Naut.) To move heavily and slowly, as a ship after the sails are
furled; to work one's way, as one ship in outsailing another; -- used
especially in the phrase to forge ahead. Totten.
And off she [a ship] forged without a shock. De Quincey.
Forge
Forge, v. t. (Naut.) To impel forward slowly; as, to forge a ship
forward.
Forgeman
Forge"man (?), n.; pl. Forgemen (. A skilled smith, who has a hammerer
to assist him.
Forger
For"ger (?), n.[Cf. F. forgeur metal worker, L. fabricator artificer.
See Forge, n. & v. t., and cf. Fabricator.] One who forges, makes, of
forms; a fabricator; a falsifier.
2. Especially: One guilty of forgery; one who makes or issues a
counterfeit document.
Forgery
For"ger*y (?), n.; pl. Forgeries (#). [Cf. F. forgerie.]
1. The act of forging metal into shape. [Obs.]
Useless the forgery Of brazen shield and spear. Milton.
2. The act of forging, fabricating, or producing falsely; esp., the
crime of fraudulently making or altering a writing or signature
purporting to be made by another; the false making or material
alteration of or addition to a written instrument for the purpose of
deceit and fraud; as, the forgery of a bond. Bouvier.
3. That which is forged, fabricated, falsely devised, or
counterfeited.
These are the forgeries of jealously. Shak.
The writings going under the name of Aristobulus were a forgery of
the second century. Waterland.
Syn. -- Counterfeit; Forgery. Counterfeit is chiefly used of
imitations of coin, or of paper money, or of securities depending upon
pictorial devices and engraved designs for identity or assurance of
genuineness. Forgery is more properly applied to making a false
imitation of an instrument depending on signatures to show genuineness
and validity. Abbott.
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Page 586
Forget
For*get" (?), v. t. [imp. Forgot (?) (Forgat (, Obs.); p. p. Forgotten
(?), Forgot; p. pr. & vb. n. Forgetting.] [OE. forgeten, foryeten, AS.
forgietan, forgitan; pref. for- + gietan, gitan (only in comp.), to
get; cf. D. vergeten, G. vergessen, Sw. f\'94rg\'84ta, Dan. forgiette.
See For-, and Get, v. t.]
1. To lose the remembrance of; to let go from the memory; to cease to
have in mind; not to think of; also, to lose the power of; to cease
from doing.
Bless the Lord, O my soul, and forget not all his benefits. Ps.
ciii. 2.
Let y right hand forget her cunning. Ps. cxxxvii. 5.
Hath thy knee forget to bow? Shak.
2. To treat with inattention or disregard; to slight; to neglect.
Can a woman forget her sucking child? . . . Yes, they may forget,
yet will I not forget thee. Is. xlix. 15.
To forget one's self. (a) To become unmindful of one's own
personality; to be lost in thought. (b) To be entirely unselfish. (c)
To be guilty of what is unworthy of one; to lose one's dignity,
temper, or self-control.
Forgetful
For*get"ful (?), a.
1. Apt to forget; easily losing remembrance; as, a forgetful man
should use helps to strengthen his memory.
2. Heedless; careless; neglectful; inattentive.
Be not forgetful to entertain strangers. Heb. xiii. 2.
3. Causing to forget; inducing oblivion; oblivious. [Archaic or
Poetic] "The forgetful wine." J. Webster.
Forgetfully
For*get"ful*ly, adv. In a forgetful manner.
Forgetfulness
For*get"ful*ness, n.
1. The quality of being forgetful; prononess to let slip from the
mind.
2. Loss of remembrance or recollection; a ceasing to remember;
oblivion.
A sweet forgetfulness of human care. Pope.
3. Failure to bear in mind; careless omission; inattention; as,
forgetfulness of duty. Syn. -- Forgetfulnes, Oblivion. Forgetfulness
is Anglo-Saxon, and oblivion is Latin. The former commonly has
reference to persons, and marks a state of mind, and marks a state of
mind; the latter commonly has reference to things, and indicates a
condition into which they are sunk. We blame a man for his
forgetfulness; we speak of some old custom as buried in oblivion. But
this discrimination is not strictly adhered to.
Forgetive
For"ge*tive (?), a. [From Forge.] Inventive; productive; capable.
[Obs.] Shak.
Forget-me-not
For*get"-me-not` (?), n. [Cf. G. vergissmeinnicht.] (Bot.) A small
herb, of the genus Myosotis (M. palustris, incespitosa, etc.), bearing
a beautiful blue flower, and extensively considered the emblem of
fidelity.
NOTE: &hand; Fo rmerly th e na me wa s gi ven to th e Aj uga
Cham\'91pitus.
Forgettable
For*get"ta*ble (?), a. Liable to be, or that may be, forgotten.
Carlyle.
Forgetter
For*get"ter (?), n. One who forgets; a heedless person. Johnson.
Forgettingly
For*get"ting*ly, adv. By forgetting.
Forging
For"ging (?), n.
1. The act of shaping metal by hammering or pressing.
2. The act of counterfeiting.
3. (Mach.) A piece of forged work in metal; -- a general name for a
piece of hammered iron or steel.
There are very few yards in the world at which such forgings could
be turned out. London Times.
Forgivable
For*giv"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being forgiven; pardonable; venial.
Sherwood.
Forgive
For*give" (?), v. t. [imp. Forgave (?); p. p. Forgiven (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Forgiving] [OE. forgiven, foryiven, foryeven, AS. forgiefan,
forgifan; perh. for- + giefan, gifan to give; cf. D. vergeven, G.
vergeben, Icel. fyrirgefa, Sw. f, Goth. fragiban to give, grant. See
For-, and Give, v. t.]
1. To give wholly; to make over without reservation; to resign.
To them that list the world's gay shows I leave, And to great ones
such folly do forgive. Spenser.
2. To give up resentment or claim to requital on account of (an
offense or wrong); to remit the penalty of; to pardon; -- said in
reference to the act forgiven.
And their sins should be forgiven them. Mark iv. 12.
He forgive injures so readily that he might be said to invite them.
Macaulay.
3. To cease to feel resentment against, on account of wrong committed;
to give up claim to requital from or retribution upon (an offender);
to absolve; to pardon; -- said of the person offending.
Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. Luke xxiii.
34.
I as free forgive you, as I would be fforgiven. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; So metimes bo th th e person and the offense follow as
objects of the verb, sometimes one and sometimes the other being
the indirect object. "Forgive us our debts as we forgive our
debtors." Matt. vi. 12. "Be of good cheer; thy sins be forgiven
thee." Matt. ix. 2.
Syn. -- See excuse.
Forgiveness
For*give"ness, n. [AS. forgifnes.]
1. The act of forgiving; the state of being forgiven; as, the
forgiveness of sin or of injuries.
To the Lord our God belong mercies and forgivenesses. Dan. ix. 9.
In whom we have . . . the forgiveness of sin. Eph. i. 7.
2. Disposition to pardon; willingness to forgive.
If thou, Lord, shouldest mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall stand?
But there is forgiveness with thee, that thou mayest be feared. Ps.
cxxx. 3, 4.
Syn. --
Pardon, remission
Pardon, remission. -- Forgiveness, Pardon. Forgiveness is Anglo-Saxon,
and pardon Norman French, both implying a giving back. The word
pardon, being early used in our Bible, has, in religious matters, the
same sense as forgiveness; but in the language of common life there is
a difference between them, such as we often find between corresponding
Anglo-Saxon and Norman words. Forgive points to inward feeling, and
suppose alienated affection; when we ask forgiveness, we primarily
seek the removal of anger. Pardon looks more to outward things or
consequences, and is often applied to trifling matters, as when we beg
pardon for interrupting a man, or for jostling him in a crowd. The
civil magistrate also grants a pardon, and not forgiveness. The two
words are, therefore, very clearly distinguished from each other in
most cases which relate to the common concerns of life.
Forgiver
For*giv"er (?), n. One who forgives. Johnson.
Forgiving
For*giv"ing, a. Disposed to forgive; inclined to overlook offenses;
mild; merciful; compassionate; placable; as, a forgiving temper. --
For*giv"ing*ly, adv. -- For*giv"ing*ness, n. J. C. Shairp.
Forgo
For*go" (?), v. t. [imp. Forwent; p. p. Forgone; p. pr. & vb. n.
Forgoing.] [OE. forgan, forgon, forgoon, AS. forg\'ben, prop., to go
past, hence, to abstain from; pref. for- + g\'ben to go; akin to G.
vergehen to pass away, to transgress. See Go, v. i.] To pass by; to
leave. See 1st Forego.
For sith [since] I shall forgoon my liberty At your request.
Chaucer.
And four [days] since Florimell the court forwent. Spenser.
NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd in sp elling ha s been confused with, and
almost superseded by, forego to go before. Etymologically the form
forgo is correct.
Forgot
For*got" (?), imp. & p. p. of Forget.
Forgotten
For*got"ten (?), p. p. of Forget.
Forhall
For*hall" (?), v. t. [Pref. for- + hale to draw.] To harass; to
torment; to distress. [Obs.] Spenser.
Forhend
For*hend" (?), v. t. To seize upon. [Obs.]
Forinsecal
Fo*rin"se*cal (?), a. [L. forinsecus from without.] Foreign; alien.
[Obs.] Bp. Burnet.
Forisfamiliate
Fo`ris*fa*mil"i*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forisfamiliated (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Forisfamiliating (?).] [LL. forisfamiliatus, p.p. of
forisfamiliater to forisfamiliate; L. foris abroad, without + familia
family.] (LAw) Literally, to put out of a family; hence, to portion
off, so as to exclude further claim of inheritance; to emancipate (as
a with his own consent) from paternal authority. Blackstone.
Forisfamiliate
Fo`ris*fa*mil"i*ate, v. i. (Law) To renounce a legal title to a
further share of paternal inheritance.
Forisfamiliation
Fo`ris*fa*mil`i*a"tion (?), n. (Law) The act of forisfamiliating.
Fork
Fork (?), n. [AS. forc, fr. L. furca. Cf. Fourch, Furcate.]
1. An instrument consisting consisting of a handle with a shank
terminating in two or more prongs or tines, which are usually of
metal, parallel and slightly curved; -- used from piercing, holding,
taking up, or pitching anything.
2. Anything furcate or like of a fork in shape, or furcate at the
extremity; as, a tuning fork.
3. One of the parts into which anything is furcated or divided; a
prong; a branch of a stream, a road, etc.; a barbed point, as of an
arrow.
Let it fall . . . though the fork invade The region of my heart.
Shak.
A thunderbolt with three forks. Addison.
4. The place where a division or a union occurs; the angle or opening
between two branches or limbs; as, the fork of a river, a tree, or a
road.
5. The gibbet. [Obs.] Bp. Butler.
Fork beam (Shipbuilding), a half beam to support a deck, where
hatchways occur. -- Fork chuck (Wood Turning), a lathe center having
two prongs for driving the work. -- Fork head. (a) The barbed head of
an arrow. (b) The forked end of a rod which forms part of a knuckle
joint. -- In fork. (Mining) A mine is said to be in fork, or an engine
to "have the water in fork," when all the water is drawn out of the
mine. Ure. -- The forks of a river OR a road, the branches into which
it divides, or which come together to form it; the place where
separation or union takes place.
Fork
Fork, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Forked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Forking.]
1. To shoot into blades, as corn.
The corn beginneth to fork. Mortimer. 1
2. To divide into two or more branches; as, a road, a tree, or a
stream forks.
Fork
Fork, v. t. To raise, or pitch with a fork, as hay; to dig or turn
over with a fork, as the soil.
Forking the sheaves on the high-laden cart. Prof. Wilson.
To fork over OR out, to hand or pay over, as money. [Slang] G. Eliot.
Forkbeard
Fork"beard` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European fish (Raniceps raninus),
having a large flat head; -- also called tadpole fish, and lesser
forked beard. (b) The European forked hake or hake's-dame (Phycis
blennoides); -- also called great forked beard.
Forked
Forked (?), a.
1. Formed into a forklike shape; having a fork; dividing into two or
more prongs or branches; furcated; bifurcated; zigzag; as, the forked
lighting.
A serpent seen, with forked tongue. Shak.
2. Having a double meaning; ambiguous; equivocal.
Cross forked (Her.), a cross, the ends of whose arms are divided into
two sharp points; -- called also cross double fitch\'82. A cross
forked of three points is a cross, each of whose arms terminates in
three sharp points. -- Forked counsel, advice pointing more than one
way; ambiguous advice. [Obs.] B. Jonson. -- Fork"ed*ly (#), adv. --
Fork"ed*ness, n.
Forkerve
For*kerve (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Forcarve, v. t.
Forkiness
Fork"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state or dividing in a forklike
manner.
Forkless
Fork"less, a. Having no fork.
Forktail
Fork"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of several Asiatic and East
Indian passerine birds, belonging to Enucurus, and allied genera. The
tail is deeply forking. (b) A salmon in its fourth year's growth.
[Prov. Eng.]
Fork-tailed
Fork"-tailed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the outer tail feathers longer
than the median ones; swallow-tailed; -- said of many birds.
Fork-tailed flycatcher (Zo\'94l.), a tropical American flycatcher
(Milvulus tyrannus). -- Fork-tailed gull (Zo\'94l.), a gull of the
genus Xema, of two species, esp. X. Sabinii of the Arctic Ocean. --
Fork-tailed kite (Zo\'94l.), a graceful American kite (Elanoides
forficatus); -- called also swallow-tailed kite.
Forky
Fork"y (?), a. Opening into two or more parts or shoots; forked;
furcated. "Forky tongues." Pope.
Forlaft
For*laft" (?), obs. p. p. of Forleave. Chaucer.
Forlay
For*lay" (?), v. t. [Pref. for- + lay.] To lie in wait for; to ambush.
An ambushed thief forlays a traveler. Dryden.
Forleave
For*leave" (?), v. t. [OE. forleven; pref. for- + leven to leave.] To
leave off wholly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Forlend
For*lend" (?), v. t. To give up wholly. [Obs.]
Forlese
For*lese" (?), v. t. [p. p. Forlore (?), Forlorn (.] [OE. forlesen.
See Forlorn.] To lose utterly. [Obs.] haucer.
Forlet
For*let", v. t. [OE. forleten, AS. forl; pref. for- + l to allow; akin
to G. verlassen to leave. See Let to allow.] To give up; to leave; to
abandon. [Obs.] "To forlet sin." Chaucer.
Forlie
For*lie" (?), v. i. See Forlie.
Forlore
For*lore" (?), imp. pl. & p. p. oForlese. [Obs.]
The beasts their caves, the birds their neforlore. Fairfax.
Forlorn
For*lorn" (?), a. [OE., p.p. of forlesen to lose utterly, AS.
forle\'a2san (p.p. forloren); pref. for- + le\'a2san (in comp.) to
lose; cf. D. verliezen to lose, G. verlieren, Sw. f\'94rlora, Dan.
forloren, Goth. fraliusan to lose. See For-, and Lorn, a., Lose, v.
t.]
1. Deserted abandoned; lost.
Of fortune and of hope at once forlorn. Spenser.
Some say that ravens foster forlorn children. Shak.
2. Destitute; helpless; in pitiful plight; wretched; miserable; almost
hopeless; desperate.
For here forlorn and lost I tread. Goldsmith.
The condition of the besieged in the mean time was forlorn in the
extreme. Prescott.
She cherished the forlorn hope that he was still living. Thomson.
A forlorn hope [D. verloren hoop, prop., a lost band or troop;
verloren, p.p. of verliezen to lose + hoop band; akin to E. heap. See
For-, and Heap.] (Mil.), a body of men (called in F. enfants perdus,
in G. verloren posten) selected, usually from volunteers, to attempt a
breach, scale the wall of a fortress, or perform other extraordinarily
perilous service; also, a desperate case or enterprise. Syn. --
Destitute, lost; abandoned; forsaken; solitary; helpless; friendless;
hopeless; abject; wretched; miserable; pitiable.
Forlorn
For*lorn", n.
1. A lost, forsaken, or solitary person.
Forced to live in Scotland a forlorn. Shak.
2. A forlorn hope; a vanguard. [Obs.]
Our forlorn of horse marched within a mile of the enemy. Oliver
Cromvell.
Forlornly
For*lorn"ly, adv. In a forlorn manner. Pollok.
Forlornness
For*lorn"ness, n. State of being forlorn. Boyle.
Forlye
For*lye" (?), v. i. Same as Forlie. [Obs.]
form
form (. [See Form, n.] A suffix used to denote in the form OR shape
of, resembling, etc.; as, valiform; oviform.
Form
Form (f\'d3rm; in senses 8 & 9, often f\'d3rm in England), n. [OE. &
F. forme, fr. L. forma; cf. Skr. dhariman. Cf. Firm.]
1. The shape and structure of anything, as distinguished from the
material of which it is composed; particular disposition or
arrangement of matter, giving it individuality or distinctive
character; configuration; figure; external appearance.
The form of his visage was changed. Dan. iii. 19.
And woven close close, both matter, form, and style. Milton.
2. Constitution; mode of construction, organization, etc.; system; as,
a republican form of government.
3. Established method of expression or practice; fixed way of
proceeding; conventional or stated scheme; formula; as, a form of
prayer.
Those whom form of laws Condemned to die. Dryden.
4. Show without substance; empty, outside appearance; vain, trivial,
or conventional ceremony; conventionality; formality; as, a matter of
mere form.
Though well we may not pass upon his life Without the form of
justice. Shak.
5. Orderly arrangement; shapeliness; also, comeliness; elegance;
beauty.
The earth was without form and void. Gen. i. 2.
He hath no form nor comeliness. Is. liii. 2.
6. A shape; an image; a phantom.
7. That by which shape is given or determined; mold; pattern; model.
8. A long seat; a bench; hence, a rank of students in a school; a
class; also, a class or rank in society. "Ladies of a high form." Bp.
Burnet.
9. The seat or bed of a hare.
As in a form sitteth a weary hare. Chaucer.
10. (Print.) The type or other matter from which an impression is to
be taken, arranged and secured in a chase.
11. (Fine Arts) The boundary line of a material object. In painting,
more generally, the human body.
12. (Gram.) The particular shape or structure of a word or part of
speech; as, participial forms; verbal forms.
13. (Crystallog.) The combination of planes included under a general
crystallographic symbol. It is not necessarily a closed solid.
14. (Metaph.) That assemblage or disposition of qualities which makes
a conception, or that internal constitution which makes an existing
thing to be what it is; -- called essential or substantial form, and
contradistinguished from matter; hence, active or formative nature;
law of being or activity; subjectively viewed, an idea; objectively, a
law.
15. Mode of acting or manifestation to the senses, or the intellect;
as, water assumes the form of ice or snow. In modern usage, the
elements of a conception furnished by the mind's own activity, as
contrasted with its object or condition, which is called the matter;
subjectively, a mode of apprehension or belief conceived as dependent
on the constitution of the mind; objectively, universal and necessary
accompaniments or elements of every object known or thought of.
16. (Biol.) The peculiar characteristics of an organism as a type of
others; also, the structure of the parts of an animal or plant.
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Page 587
Good form OR Bad form, the general appearance, condition or action,
originally of horses, atterwards of persons; as, the members of a boat
crew are said to be in good form when they pull together uniformly.
The phrases are further used colloquially in description of conduct or
manners in society; as, it is not good form to smoke in the presence
of a lady.
Form
Form (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Formed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Forming.]
[F. former, L. formare, fr. forma. See Form, n.]
1. To give form or shape to; to frame; to construct; to make; to
fashion.
God formed man of the dust of the ground. Gen. ii. 7.
The thought that labors in my forming brain. Rowe.
2. To give a particular shape to; to shape, mold, or fashion into a
certain state or condition; to arrange; to adjust; also, to model by
instruction and discipline; to mold by influence, etc.; to train.
'T is education forms the common mind. Pope.
Thus formed for speed, he challenges the wind. Dryden.
3. To go to make up; to act as constituent of; to be the essential or
constitutive elements of; to answer for; to make the shape of; -- said
of that out of which anything is formed or constituted, in whole or in
part.
The diplomatic politicians . . . who formed by far the majority.
Burke.
4. To provide with a form, as a hare. See Form, n., 9.
The melancholy hare is formed in brakes and briers. Drayton.
5. (Gram.) To derive by grammatical rules, as by adding the proper
suffixes and affixes.
Form
Form, v. i.
1. To take a form, definite shape, or arrangement; as, the infantry
should form in column.
2. To run to a form, as a hare. B. Jonson.
To form on (Mil.), to form a lengthened line with reference to (any
given object) as a basis.
Formal
For"mal (?), a. [L. formalis: cf. F. formel.]
1. Belonging to the form, shape, frame, external appearance, or
organization of a thing.
2. Belonging to the constitution of a thing, as distinguished from the
matter composing it; having the power of making a thing what it is;
constituent; essential; pertaining to oe depending on the forms, so
called of the human intellect.
Of [the sounds represented by] letters, the material part is breath
and voice; the formal is constituted by the motion and figure of
the organs of speech. Holder.
3. Done is due form, or with solemnity; according to regular method;
not incidental, sudden or irregular; express; as, he gave his formal
consent.
His obscure funeral . . . No noble rite nor formal ostentation.
Shak.
4. Devoted to, or done in accordance with, forms or rules;
punctilious; regular; orderly; methodical; of a prescribed form;
exact; prim; stiff; ceremonious; as, a man formal in his dress, his
gait, his conversation.
A cold-looking, formal garden, cut into angles and rhomboids. W.
Irwing.
She took off the formal cap that confined her hair. Hawthorne.
5. Having the form or appearance without the substance or essence;
external; as, formal duty; formal worship; formal courtesy, etc.
6. Dependent in form; conventional.
Still in constraint your suffering sex remains, Or bound in formal
or in real chains. Pope.
7. Sound; normal. [Obs.]
To make of him a formal man again. Shak.
Formal cause. See under Cause. Syn. -- Precise; punctilious; stiff;
starched; affected; ritual; ceremonial; external; outward. -- Formal,
Ceremonious. When applied to things, these words usually denote a mere
accordance with the rules of form or ceremony; as, to make a formal
call; to take a ceremonious leave. When applied to a person or his
manners, they are used in a bad sense; a person being called formal
who shapes himself too much by some pattern or set form, and
ceremonious when he lays too much stress on the conventional laws of
social intercourse. Formal manners render a man stiff or ridiculous; a
ceremonious carriage puts a stop to the ease and freedom of social
intercourse.
Formaldehyde
For*mal"de*hyde (?), n. [Formic + aldehyde.] (Chem.) A colorless,
volatile liquid, H2CO, resembling acetic or ethyl aldehyde, and
chemically intermediate between methyl alcohol and formic acid.
Formalism
Form"al*ism (?), n. The practice or the doctrine of strict adherence
to, or dependence on, external forms, esp. in matters of religion.
Official formalism. Sir H. Rawlinson.
Formalist
Form"al*ist, n. [Cf. F. formaliste.] One overattentive to forms, or
too much confined to them; esp., one who rests in external
religious forms, or observes strictly the outward forms of worship,
without possessing the life and spirit of religion.
As far a formalist from wisdom sits, In judging eyes, as libertines
from wits. Young.
Formality
For*mal"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Formalities (#). [Cf. F. formalit\'82.]
1. The condition or quality of being formal, strictly ceremonious,
precise, etc.
2. Form without substance.
Such [books] as are mere pieces of formality, so that if you look
on them, you look though them. Fuller.
3. Compliance with formal or conventional rules; ceremony;
conventionality.
Nor was his attendance on divine offices a matter of formality and
custom, but of conscience. Atterbury.
4. An established order; conventional rule of procedure; usual
method; habitual mode.
He was installed with all the usual formalities. C. Middleton.
5. pl. The dress prescribed for any body of men, academical,
municipal, or sacerdotal. [Obs.]
The doctors attending her in their formalities as far as Shotover.
Fuller.
6. That which is formal; the formal part.
It unties the inward knot of marriage, . . . while it aims to keep
fast the outward formality. Milton.
7. The quality which makes a thing what it is; essence.
The material part of the evil came from our father upon us, but the
formality of it, the sting and the curse, is only by ourselves.
Jer. Taylor.
The formality of the vow lies in the promise made to God. Bp.
Stillingfleet.
8. (Scholastic. Philos.) The manner in which a thing is conceived
or constituted by an act of human thinking; the result of such an
act; as, animality and rationality are formalities.
Formalize
Form"al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Formalized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Formalizing (?).]
1. To give form, or a certain form, to; to model. [R.]
2. To render formal.
Formalize
Form"al*ize, v. i. To affect formality. [Obs.] ales.
Formally
Form"al*ly, adv. In a formal manner; essentially;
characteristically; expressly; regularly; ceremoniously; precisely.
That which formally makes this [charity] a Christian grace, is the
spring from which it flows. Smalridge.
You and your followers do stand formally divided against the
authorized guides of the church and rest of the people. Hooker.
Formate
For"mate (?), n. [See Formic.] (Chem.) A salt of formic acid.
[Written also formiate.]
Formation
For*ma"tion (?), n. [L. formatio: cf. F. formation.]
1. The act of giving form or shape to anything; a forming; a
shaping. Beattie.
2. The manner in which a thing is formed; structure; construction;
conformation; form; as, the peculiar formation of the heart.
3. A substance formed or deposited.
4. (Geol.) (a) Mineral deposits and rock masses designated with
reference to their origin; as, the siliceous formation about
geysers; alluvial formations; marine formations. (b) A group of
beds of the same age or period; as, the Eocene formation.
5. (Mil.) The arrangement of a body of troops, as in a square,
column, etc. Farrow.
Formative
Form"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. formatif.]
1. Giving form; having the power of giving form; plastic; as, the
formative arts.
The meanest plant can not be raised without seed, by any formative
residing in the soil. Bentley.
2. (Gram.) Serving to form; derivative; not radical; as, a
termination merely formative.
3. (Biol.) Capable of growth and development; germinal; as, living
or formative matter.
Formative
Form"a*tive, n. (Gram.) (a) That which serves merely to give form,
and is no part of the radical, as the prefix or the termination of
a word. (b) A word formed in accordance with some rule or usage, as
from a root.
Form\'82
For`m\'82" (?), a. (Her.) Same as Pat\'82 or Patt\'82.
Forme
For"me (?), a. [OE., fr. AS. forma. See Foremost.] First. [Obs.]
"Adam our forme father." Chaucer.
Formed
Formed (?), a.
1. (Astron.) Arranged, as stars in a constellation; as, formed
stars. [R.]
2. (Biol.) Having structure; capable of growth and development;
organized; as, the formed or organized ferments. See Ferment, n.
Formed material
(Biol.), a term employed by Beale to denote the lifeless matter of a
cell, that which is physiologically dead, in distinction from the
truly germinal or living matter.
Formedon
For"me*don (?), n. [OF., fr. Latin. So called because the plaintiff
claimed "by the form of the gift,: L. per formam doni.] (O. Eng. Law)
A writ of right for a tenant in tail in case of a discontinuance of
the estate tail. This writ has been abolished.
Formell
For"mell (?), n. [Dim. of F. forme the female of a bird of prey.]
(Zo\'94l.) The female of a hawk or falcon.
Former
Form"er (?), n.
1. One who forms; a maker; a creator.
2. (Mech.) (a) A shape around which an article is to be shaped,
molded, woven wrapped, pasted, or otherwise constructed. (b) A
templet, pattern, or gauge by which an article is shaped. (c) A
cutting die.
Former
For"mer (?), a. [A compar. due to OE. formest. See Foremost.]
1. Preceding in order of time; antecedent; previous; prior; earlier;
hence, ancient; long past.
For inquire, I pray thee, of the former age. Job. viii. 8.
The latter and former rain. Hosea vi. 3.
3. Near the beginning; preceeding; as, the former part of a discourse
or argument.
3. Earlier, as between two things mentioned together; first mentioned.
A bad author deserves better usage than a bad critic; a man may be
the former merely through the misfortune of an ill judgment; but he
can not be latter without both that and an ill temper. Pope.
Syn. -- Prior; previous; anterior; antecedent; preceding; foregoing.
Formeret
For`me*ret" (?), n. [F.] (Arch.) One of the half ribs against the
walls in a ceiling vaulted with ribs.
Formerly
For"mer*ly (?), adv. In time past, either in time immediately
preceding or at any indefinite distance; of old; heretofore.
Formful
Form"ful (?), a. Creative; imaginative. [R.] "The formful brain."
Thomson.
Formic
For"mic (?), a. [L. formica an ant: cf. F. formique.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, ants; as, formic acid; in an extended
sense, pertaining to, or derived from, formic acid; as, formic ether.
Amido formic acid, carbamic acid. -- Formic acid, a colorless, mobile
liquid, HCO.OH, of a sharp, acid taste, occurring naturally in ants,
nettles, pine needles, etc., and produced artifically in many ways, as
by the oxidation of methyl alcohol, by the reduction of carbonic acid
or the destructive distillation of oxalic acid. It is the first member
of the fatty acids in the paraffin series, and is homologous with
acetic acid.
Formica
For*mi"ca (?), n. [L., an ant.] (Zo\'94l.) A Linn\'91an genus of
hymenopterous insects, including the common ants. See Ant.
Formicaroid
For`mi*ca"roid (?), a. [NL. Formicarius, the typical genus + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the family Formicarid\'91 or ant
thrushes.
Formicary
For"mi*ca*ry (?), n. [LL. formicarium, fr. L. formica an ant.]
(Zo\'94l.) The nest or dwelling of a swarm of ants; an ant-hill.
Formicate
For"mi*cate (?), a. [L. formica an ant.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling, or
pertaining to, an ant or ants.
Formication
For`mi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. formicatio, fr. formicare to creep like an
ant, to feel as if ants were crawling on one's self, fr. formica ant:
cf. F. formication.] (Med.) A sensation resembling that made by the
creeping of ants on the skin. Dunglison.
Formicid
For"mi*cid (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the ants. -- n. One of the
family Formicid\'91, or ants.
Formidability
For`mi*da*bil"i*ty (?), n. Formidableness. Walpole.
Formidable
For"mi*da*ble (?), a. [L. formidabilis, fr. formidare to fear, dread:
cf. F. formidable.] Exciting fear or apprehension; impressing dread;
adapted to excite fear and deter from approach, encounter, or
undertaking; alarming.
They seemed to fear the formodable sight. Dryden.
I swell my preface into a volume, and make it formidable, when you
see so many pages behind. Drydn.
Syn. -- Dreadful; fearful; terrible; frightful; shocking; horrible;
terrific; tremendous.
Formidableness
For"mi*da*ble*ness, n. The quality of being formidable, or adapted to
excite dread. Boyle.
Formidably
For"mi*da*bly, adv. In a formidable manner.
Formidolose
For*mid"o*lose (?), a. [L. formidolosus, fr. formido fear.] Very much
afraid. [Obs.] Bailey.
Forming
Form"ing (?), n. The act or process of giving form or shape to
anything; as, in shipbuilding, the exact shaping of partially shaped
timbers.
Formless
Form"less, a. Shapeless; without a determinate form; wanting
regularity of shape. -- Form"less*ly, adv. -- Form"less*ness, n.
Formula
For"mu*la (?), n.; pl. E. Formulas (#), L. Formul\'91 (#). [L., dim.
of forma form, model. SeeForm, n.]
1. A prescribed or set form; an established rule; a fixed or
conventional method in which anything is to be done, arranged, or
said.
2. (Eccl.) A written confession of faith; a formal statement of
foctrines.
3. (Math.) A rule or principle expressed in algebraic language; as,
the binominal formula.
4. (Med.) A prescription or recipe for the preparation of a medicinal
compound.
5. (Chem.) A symbolic expression (by means of letters, figures, etc.)
of the constituents or constitution of a compound.
NOTE: &hand; Ch emical fo rmul\'91 co nsist of the abbreviations of
the names of the elements, with a small figure at the lower right
hand, to denote the number of atoms of each element contained.
Empirical formula (Chem.), an expression which gives the simple
proportion of the constituents; as, the empirical formula of acetic
acid is C2H4O2. -- Graphic formula, Rational formula (Chem.), an
expression of the constitution, and in a limited sense of the
structure, of a compound, by the grouping of its atoms or radicals;
as, a rational formula of acetic acid is CH3.(C:O).OH; -- called also
structural formula, constitutional formula, etc. See also the formula
of Benzene nucleus, under Benzene. -- Molecular formula (Chem.), a
formula indicating the supposed molecular constitution of a compound.
Formularistic
For`mu*la*ris"tic (?), a. Pertaining to, or exhibiting,
formularization. Emerson.
Formularization
For`mu*lar*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of formularizing; a formularized
or formulated statement or exhibition. C. Kingsley.
Formularize
For"mu*lar*ize (?), v. t. To reduce to a forula; to formulate.
Formulary
For"mu*la*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. formulaire. See Formula.] Stated;
prescribed; ritual.
Formulary
For"mu*la*ry, n.; pl. Formularies (#). [Cf. F. formulaire.]
1. A book containing stated and prescribed forms, as of oaths,
declarations, prayers, medical formula\'91, etc.; a book of
precedents.
2. Prescribed form or model; formula.
Formulate
For"mu*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Formulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Formulating (?).] To reduce to, or express in, a formula; to put in a
clear and definite form of statement or expression. G. P. Marsh.
Formulation
For`mu*la"tion (?), n. The act, process, or result of formulating or
reducing to a formula.
Formule
For"mule (?), n. [F.] A set or prescribed model; a formula. [Obs.]
Johnson.
Formulization
For`mu*li*za"tion (?), n. The act or process of reducing to a formula;
the state of being formulized.
Formulize
For"mu*lize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Formulized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Formulizing (?).] To reduce to a formula; to formulate. Emerson.
Formyl
For"myl (?), n. [Formic + -yl.] (Chem.) (a) A univalent radical,
H.C:O, regarded as the essential residue of formic acid and aldehyde.
(b) Formerly, the radical methyl, CH3.
Forncast
Forn*cast" (?), p. p. [OE. foren + cast. See Forecast.] Predestined.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Fornical
For"ni*cal (?), a. Relating to a fornix.
Fornicate, Fornicated
For"ni*cate (?), For"ni*ca`ted (?), a. [L. fornicatus, fr. fornix,
-icis, an arch, vault.]
1. Vaulted like an oven or furnace; arched.
2. (Bot.) Arching over; overarched. Gray.
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Fornicate
For"ni*cate (?), v. i. [L. fornicatus, p. p. of fornicari to
fornicate, fr. fornix, -icis, a vault, a brothel in an underground
vault.] To commit fornication; to have unlawful sexual intercourse.
Fornication
For`ni*ca"tion (?), n. [F. fornication, L. fornicatio.]
1. Unlawful sexual intercourse on the part of an unmarried person; the
act of such illicit sexual intercourse between a man and a woman as
does not by law amount to adultery.
NOTE: &hand; In En gland, th e of fense, th ough cognizable in the
ecclesiastical courts, was not at common law subject to secular
prosecution. In the United States it is indictable in some States
at common law, in others only by statute.
Whartyon.
2. (Script.) (a) Adultery. (b) Incest. (c) Idolatry.
Fornicator
For"ni*ca`tor (?), n. [F. fornicateur, OF. fornicator, from L.
fornicator.] An unmarried person, male or female, who has criminal
intercourse with the other sex; one guilty of fornication.
Fornicatress
For"ni*ca`tress (?), n. [Cf. F. fornicatrice, L. fornicatrix.] A woman
guilty of fornication. Shak.
Fornix
For"nix (?), n.; pl. Fornices (#). [L., an arch.] (Anat.) (a) An arch
or fold; as, the fornix, or vault, of the cranium; the fornix, or
reflection, of the conjuctiva. (b) Esp., two longitudinal bands of
white nervous tissue beneath the lateral ventricles of the brain.
Forold
For*old" (?), a. Very old. [Obs.]
A bear's skin, coal-black, forold. Chaucer.
Forpass
For*pass" (?), v. t. & i. To pass by or along; to pass over. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Forpine
For*pine" (?), v. t. To waste away completely by suffering or torment.
[Archaic] "Pale as a forpined ghost." Chaucer.
Forray
For"ray (? OR ?), v. t. [OE. forrayen. See Foray.] To foray; to
ravage; to pillage.
For they that morn had forrayed all the land. Fairfax.
Forray
For"ray, n. The act of ravaging; a ravaging; a predatory excursion.
See Foray.
Forrill
For"rill (?), n. [See Forel.] Lambskin parchment; vellum; forel.
McElrath.
Forsake
For*sake" (?), v. t. [imp. Forsook (?); p. p. Forsaken (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Forsaking.] [AS. forsacan to oppose, refuse; for- + sacan to
contend, strive; akin to Goth. sakan. See For-, and Sake.]
1. To quit or leave entirely; to desert; to abandon; to depart or
withdraw from; to leave; as, false friends and flatterers forsake us
in adversity.
If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments. Ps.
lxxxix. 30.
2. To renounce; to reject; to refuse.
If you forsake the offer of their love. Shak.
Syn. -- To abandon; quit; desert; fail; relinquish; give up; renounce;
reject. See Abandon.
Forsaker
For*sak"er (?), n. One who forsakes or deserts.
Forsay
For*say" (?), v. t. [AS. forsecgan to accuse; pref. for- + secgan to
say.] To forbid; to renounce; to forsake; to deny. [Obs.] Spenser.
Forshape
For*shape" (?), v. t. [Pref. for- + shape, v.t.] To render misshapen.
[Obs.] Gower.
Forslack
For*slack" (?), v. t. [Pref. for- + slack to neglect.] To neglect by
idleness; to delay or to waste by sloth. [Obs.] Spenser.
Forslouthe
For*slouth"e (?), v. t. [See For-, and Slouth.] To lose by sloth or
negligence. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Forslow
For*slow" (?), v. t. [Pref. for- + slow.] To delay; to hinder; to
neglect; to put off. [Obs.] Bacon.
Forslow
For*slow", v. i. To loiter. [Obs.] Shak.
Forslugge
For*slug"ge (?), v. t. [See Slug to be idle.] To lsoe by idleness or
slotch. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Forsooth
For*sooth" (?), adv. [AS. fors\'d3\'eb; for, prep. + s\'d3\'eb sooth,
truth. See For, prep., and Sooth.] In truth; in fact; certainly; very
well; -- formerly used as an expression of deference or respect,
especially to woman; now used ironically or contemptuously.
A fit man, forsooth, to govern a realm! Hayward.
Our old English word forsooth has been changed for the French
madam. Guardian.
Forsooth
For*sooth", v. t. To address respectfully with the term forsooth.
[Obs.]
The captain of the "Charles" had forsoothed her, though he knew her
well enough and she him. Pepys.
Forsooth
For*sooth", n. A person who used forsooth much; a very ceremonious and
deferential person. [R.]
You sip so like a forsooth of the city. B. Jonson.
Forspeak
For*speak" (?), v. t. [Pref. for- + speak.]
1. To forbid; to prohibit. Shak.
2. To bewitch. [Obs.] Drayton.
Forspent
For*spent" (?), a. [AS. forspendan to consume; pref. for- + spendan to
spend.] Wasted in strength; tired; exhausted. [Archaic]
A gentleman almost forspent with speed. Shak.
Forstall
For*stall" (?), v. t. To forestall. [Obs.] Spenser.
Forster
Fors"ter (?), n. A forester. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Forstraught
For*straught" (?), p. p. & a. [Pref. for- + straught; cf. distraught.]
Distracted. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Forswat
For*swat" (?), a. [See Sweat.] Spent with heat; covered with sweat.
[Obs.] P. Sidney.
Forswear
For*swear" (?), v. t. [imp. Forswore (?); p. p. Forsworn (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Forswearing.] [OE. forsweren, forswerien, AS. forswerian; pref.
for- + swerian to swear. See For-, and Swear, v. i.]
1. To reject or renounce upon oath; hence, to renounce earnestly,
determinedly, or with protestations.
I . . . do forswear her. Shak.
2. To deny upon oath.
Like innocence, and as serenely bold As truth, how loudly he
forswears thy gold! Dryden.
To forswear one's self, to swear falsely; to peforswear thyself." Syn.
-- See Perjure.
Forswear
For*swear", v. i. To swear falsely; to commit perjury. Shak.
Forswearer
For*swear"er (?), n. One who rejects of renounces upon oath; one who
swears a false oath.
Forswonk
For*swonk" (?), a. [Pref. for- + swonk, p.p. of swinkto labor. See
Swink.] Overlabored; exhausted; worn out. [Obs.] Spenser.
Forswore
For*swore" (?), imp. of Forswear.
Forsworn
For*sworn" (?), p. p. of Forswear.
Forswornness
For*sworn"ness, n. State of being forsworn. [R.]
Forsythia
For*syth"i*a (?), a. [NL. Named after William Forsyth, who brought in
from China.] (Bot.) A shrub of the Olive family, with yellow blossoms.
Fort
Fort (?), n. [F., from fort strong, L. fortis; perh. akin to Skr. darh
to fix, make firm, and to E. firm Cf. Forte, Force, Fortalice,
Comfort, Effort.] (Mil.) A strong or fortified place; usually, a small
fortified place, occupied only by troops, surrounded with a ditch,
rampart, and parapet, or with palisades, stockades, or other means of
defense; a fortification.
Detached works, depending solely on their own strength, belong to
the class of works termed forts. Farrow.
Fortalice
Fort"a*lice (?), n. [LL. fortalitia, or OF. fortelesce. See Fortress.]
(Mil.) A small outwork of a fortification; a fortilage; -- called also
fortelace.
Forte
Forte (f&omac;rt), n. [IT. forte: cf. F. fort. See Fort.]
1. The strong point; that in which one excels. <-- sense 2 is often
pronounced f&omac;rt"&amac; -->
The construction of a fable seems by no means the forte of our
modern poetical writers. Jeffrey.
2. The stronger part of the blade of a sword; the part of half nearest
the hilt; -- opposed to foible.
Forte
For"te (f(°)r"t&asl; OR f&omac;r"t&asl;), adv. [It. forte, a. & adv.,
fr. L. fortis strong.] (Mus.) Loudly; strongly; powerfully.
Forted
Fort"ed (?), a. Furnished with, or guarded by, forts; strengthened or
defended, as by forts. [R.] Shak.
Forth
Forth (?), v.[AS. for&edh;, fr. for akin to D. voort, G. fort
&root;78. See Fore, For, and cf. Afford, Further, adv.]
1. Forward; onward in time, place, or order; in advance from a given
point; on to end; as, from that day forth; one, two, three, and so
forth.
Lucas was Paul's companion, at the leastway from the sixteenth of
the Acts forth. Tyndale.
From this time forth, I never will speak word. Shak.
I repeated the Ave Maria; the inquisitor bad me say forth; I said I
was taught no more. Strype.
2. Out, as from a state of concealment, retirement, confinement,
nondevelopment, or the like; out into notice or view; as, the plants
in spring put forth leaves.
When winter past, and summer scarce begun, Invites them forth to
labor in the sun. Dryden.
3. Beyond a (certain) boundary; away; abroad; out.
I have no mind of feasting forth to-night. Shak.
4. Throughly; from beginning to end. [Obs.] Shak.
And so forth, Back and forth, From forth. See under And, Back, and
From. -- Forth of, Forth from, out of [Obs.] Shak. -- To bring forth.
See under Bring.
Forth
Forth, prep. Forth from; out of. [Archaic]
Some forth their cabins peep. Donne.
Forth
Forth, n. [OE., a ford. Frith.] A way; a passage or ford. [Obs.] Todd.
Forthby
Forth`by" (?), adv. [Obs.] See Forby.
Forthcoming
Forth"com`ing (? OR ?), a. Ready or about to appear; making
appearance.
Forthgoing
Forth"go`ing (? OR ?), n. A going forth; an utterance. A. Chalmers.
Forthgoing
Forth"go`ing, a. Going forth.
Forthink
For*think" (?), v. t. To repent; to regret; to be sorry for; to cause
regret. [Obs.] "Let it forthink you." Tyndale.
That me forthinketh, quod this January. Chaucer.
Forthputing
Forth"put`ing (? OR ?), a. Bold; forward; aggressive.
Forthright
Forth"right` (? OR ?), adv. [Forth, adv. + right, adv.] Straight
forward; in a straight direction. [Archaic] Sir P. Sidney.
Forthright
Forth"right`, a. Direct; straightforward; as, a forthright man.
[Archaic] Lowell.
They were Night and Day, and Day and Night, Piligrims wight with
steps forthright. Emerson.
Forthright
Forth"right`, n. A straight path. [Archaic]
Here's a maze trod, indeed, Through forthrights and meanders! Shak.
Forthrightness
Forth"right`ness, n. Straightforwardness; explicitness; directness.
[Archaic]
Dante's concise forthrightness of phrase. Hawthorne.
Forthward
Forth"ward (?), adv. [Forth, adv. + -ward.] Forward. [Obs.] Bp.
Fisher.
Forthwith
Forth`with" (? OR ?; see With), adv.
1. Immediately; without delay; directly.
Immediately there fell from his eyes as it had been scales; and he
received sight forthwith. Acts ix. 18.
2. (Law) As soon as the thing required may be done by reasonable
exertion confined to that object. Bouvier.
Forthy
For*thy" (?), adv. [AS. for&edh;&ymac;; for, prep. + &edh;&ymac;,
instrumental neut. of se, se\'a2, &edh;\'91t, pron. demonstrative and
article. See The.] Therefore. [Obs.] Spenser.
Forties
For"ties (?), n. pl. See Forty.
Fortieth
For"ti*eth (?), a. [AS. fe\'a2wertigo. See Forty.]
1. Following the thirty-ninth, or preceded by thirty-nine units,
things, or parts.
2. Constituting one of forty equal parts into which anything is
divided.
Fortieth
For"ti*eth, n. One of forty equal parts into which one whole is
divided; the quotient of a unit divided by forty; one next in order
after the thirty-ninth.
Fortifiable
For"ti*fi`a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF. fortifiable.] Capable of being
fortified. Johnson.
Fortification
For`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. fortificatio : cf. F. fortification.]
1. The act of fortifying; the art or science of fortifying places in
order to defend them against an enemy.
2. That which fortifies; especially, a work or works erected to defend
a place against attack; a fortified place; a fortress; a fort; a
castle.
Fortification agate, Scotch pebble. Syn. -- Fortress; citadel;
bulwark. See Fortress.
Fortifier
For"ti*fi`er (?), n. One who, or that which, fortifies, strengthens,
supports, or upholds.
Fortify
For"ti*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fortified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fortifying.] [F. fortifier, L. fortificare; fortis strong + -ficare
(in comp.) to make. See Fort, and -fy.]
1. To add strength to; to strengthen; to confirm; to furnish with
power to resist attack.
Timidity was fortified by pride. Gibbon.
Pride came to the aid of fancy, and both combined to fortify his
resolution. Sir W. Scott.
2. To strengthen and secure by forts or batteries, or by surrounding
with a wall or ditch or other military works; to render defensible
against an attack by hostile forces.
Fortify
For"ti*fy, v. i. To raise defensive works. Milton.
Fortilage
For"ti*lage (?; 48), n. [Cf. Fortalice.] A little fort; a blockhouse.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Fortin
Fort"in (?), n. [F. See Fort, n.] A little fort; a fortlet. [Obs.]
Fortissimo
For*tis"si*mo (? OR ?), adv. [It., superl. of forte, adv. See Forte,
adv.] (Mus.) Very loud; with the utmost strength or loudness.
Fortition
For*ti"tion (?), n. [See Fortuitous.] Casual choice; fortuitous
selection; hazard. [R.]
No mode of election operating in the spirit of fortition or
rotation can be generally good. Burke.
Fortitude
For"ti*tude (?), n. [L. fortitudo, fr. fortis strong. See Fort.]
1. Power to resist attack; strength; firmness. [Obs.]
The fortitude of the place is best known to you. Shak.
2. That strength or firmness of mind which enables a person to
encounter danger with coolness and courage, or to bear pain or
adversity without murmuring, depression, or despondency; passive
courage; resolute endurance; firmness in confronting or bearing up
against danger or enduring trouble.
Extolling patience as the truest fortitude. Milton.
Fortitude is the guard and support of the other virtues. Locke.
Syn. -- Courage; resolution; resoluteness; endurance; bravery. See
Courage, and Heroism.
Fortitudinous
For`ti*tu"di*nous (?), a. Having fortitude; courageous. [R.] Gibbon.
Fortlet
Fort"let (?), n. A little fort. [R.] Bailey.
Fortnight
Fort"night` (?; in U.S. often ?; 277), n. [Contr. fr. fourteen nights,
our ancestors reckoning time by nights and winters; so, also, seven
nights, sennight, a week.] The space of fourteen days; two weeks.
Fortnightly
Fort"night`ly (?), a. Occurring or appearing once in a fortnight; as,
a fortnightly meeting of a club; a fortnightly magazine, or other
publication. -- adv. Once in a fortnight; at intervals of a fortnight.
Fortread
For*tread" (?), v. t. To tread down; to trample upon. [Obs.]
In hell shall they be all fortroden of devils. Chaucer.
Fortress
For"tress (?), n.; pl. Fortresses (#). [F. forteresse, OF. forteresce,
fortelesce, LL. foralitia, fr. L. fortis strong. See Fort, and cf.
Fortalice.] A fortified place; a large and permanent fortification,
sometimes including a town; a fort; a castle; a stronghold; a place of
defense or security. Syn. -- Fortress, Fortification, Castle, Citadel.
A fortress is constructed for military purposes only, and is
permanently garrisoned; a fortification is built to defend harbors,
cities, etc.; a castle is a fortress of early times which was
ordinarily a palatial dwelling; a citadel is the stronghold of a
fortress or city, etc.
Fortress
For"tress, v. t. To furnish with a fortress or with fortresses; to
guard; to fortify. Shak.
Fortuitous
For*tu"i*tous (?), a. [L. fortuitus; akin to forte, adv., by chance,
prop. abl. of fors, fortis, chance. See Fortune.]
1. Happening by chance; coming or occuring unexpectedly, or without
any known cause; chance; as, the fortuitous concourse of atoms.
It was from causes seemingly fortuitous . . . that all the mighty
effects of the Reformation flowed. Robertson.
So as to throw a glancing and fortuitous light upon the whole.
Hazlitt.
2. (LAw) Happening independently of human will or means of foresight;
resulting from unavoidable physical causes. Abbott. Syn. --
Accidental; casual; contingent; incidental. See Accidental. --
For*tu"i*tous*ly, adv. -- For*tu"i*tous*ness, n.
Fortuity
For*tu"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. fortuit\'82.] Accident; chance; casualty.
D. Forbes (1750).
Fortunate
For"tu*nate (?; 135), a. [L. fortunatus, p.p. of fortunare to make
fortunate or prosperous, fr. fortuna. See Fortune, n.]
1. Coming by good luck or favorable chance; bringing some good thing
not foreseen as certain; presaging happiness; auspicious; as, a
fortunate event; a fortunate concurrence of circumstances; a fortunate
investment.
2. Receiving same unforeseen or unexpected good, or some good which
was not dependent on one's own skill or efforts; favored with good
forune; lucky. Syn. -- Auspicious; lucky; prosperous; successful;
favored; happy. -- Fortunate, Successful, Prosperous. A man is
fortunate, when he is favored of fortune, and has unusual blessings
fall to his lot; successful when he gains what he aims at; prosperous
when he succeeds in those things which men commonly desire. One may be
fortunate, in some cases, where he is not successful; he may be
successful, but, if he has been mistaken in the value of what he has
aimed at, he may for that reason fail to be prosperous.
Fortunately
For"tu*nate*ly, adv. In a fortunate manner; luckily; successfully;
happily.
Fortunateness
For"tu*nate*ness, n. The condition or quality of being fortunate; good
luck; success; happiness.
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Fortune
For"tune (?; 135), n. [F. fortune, L. fortuna; akin to fors, fortis,
chance, prob. fr. ferre to bear, bring. See Bear to support, and cf.
Fortuitous.]
1. The arrival of something in a sudden or unexpected manner; chance;
accident; luck; hap; also, the personified or deified power regarded
as determining human success, apportioning happiness and unhappiness,
and distributing arbitrarily or fortuitously the lots of life.
'T is more by fortune, lady, than by merit. Shak.
O Fortune, Fortune, all men call thee fickle. Shak.
2. That which befalls or is to befall one; lot in life, or event in
any particular undertaking; fate; destiny; as, to tell one's fortune.
You, who men's fortunes in their faces read. Cowley.
3. That which comes as the result of an undertaking or of a course of
action; good or ill success; especially, favorable issue; happy event;
success; prosperity as reached partly by chance and partly by effort.
Our equal crimes shall equal fortune give. Dryden.
There is a tide in the affairs of men, Which, taken at the flood,
leads on to fortune. Shak.
His father dying, he was driven to seek his fortune. Swift.
4. Wealth; large possessions; large estate; riches; as, a gentleman of
fortune. Syn. -- Chance; accident; luck; fate.
Fortune book, a book supposed to reveal future events to those who
consult it. Crashaw. - Fortune hunter, one who seeks to acquire wealth
by marriage. -- Fortune teller, one who professes to tell future
events in the life of another. -- Fortune telling, the practice or art
of professing to reveal future events in the life of another.
Fortune
For"tune, v. t. [OF. fortuner, L. fortunare. See Fortune, n.]
1. To make fortunate; to give either good or bad fortune to. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. To provide with a fortune. Richardson.
3. To presage; to tell the fortune of. [Obs.] Dryden.
Fortune
For"tune, v. i. To fall out; to happen.
It fortuned the same night that a Christian, serving a Turk in the
camp, secretely gave the watchmen warning. Knolles.
Fortuneless
For"tune*less, a. Luckless; also, destitute of a fortune or portion.
Spenser.
Fortunize
For"tun*ize (?), v. t. To regulate the fortune of; to make happy.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Forty
For"ty (?), a. [OE. forti, fourti, fowerty, AS. fe\'a2wertig;
fe\'a2wer four + suff. -tig ten; akin to OS. fiwartig, fiartig, D.
veertig, G. vierzig, Icel. fj\'94rut\'c6u, Sw. fyratio, Dan.
fyrretyve, Goth. fidw. See Four, and Ten, and cf. Fourteen.] Four
times ten; thirtynine and one more.
Forty
For"ty, n.; pl. Forties (.
1. The sum of four tens; forty units or objects.
2. A symbol expressing forty units; as, 40, or xl.
Forty-spot
For"ty-spot` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The Tasmanian forty-spotted diamond
bird (Pardalotus quadragintus).
Forum
Fo"rum (?), n.; pl. E. Forums (#), L. Fora (#). [L.; akin to foris,
foras, out of doors. See Foreign.]
1. A market place or public place in Rome, where causes were
judicially tried, and orations delivered to the people.
2. A tribunal; a court; an assembly empowered to hear and decide
causes.
He [Lord Camden] was . . . more eminent in the senate than in the
forum. Brougham.
Forwaked
For*waked" (? OR ?), p. p. & a. Tired out with excessive waking or
watching. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Forwander
For*wan"der (?), v. i. To wander away; to go astray; to wander far and
to weariness. [Obs.]<-- sic. ? -->
Forward
For"ward (?), n. [OE., fr. AS. foreweard; fore before + weard a ward.
See Ward, n.] An agreement; a covenant; a promise. [Obs.]
Tell us a tale anon, as forward is. Chaucer.
Forward, Forwards
For"ward (?), For"wards (?), adv. [AS. forweard, foreweard; for, fore
+ -weardes; akin to G. vorw\'84rts. The s is properly a genitive
ending. See For, Fore, and -ward, -wards.] Toward a part or place
before or in front; onward; in advance; progressively; -- opposed to
backward.
Forward
For"ward, a.
1. Near, or at the fore part; in advance of something else; as, the
forward gun in a ship, or the forward ship in a fleet.
2. Ready; prompt; strongly inclined; in an ill sense, overready; to
hasty.
Only they would that we should remember the poor; the same which I
also was forward to do. Gal. ii. 10.
Nor do we find him forward to be sounded. Shak.
3. Ardent; eager; earnest; in an ill sense, less reserved or modest
than is proper; bold; confident; as, the boy is too forward for his
years.
I have known men disagreeably forward from their shyness. T.
Arnold.
4. Advanced beyond the usual degree; advanced for season; as, the
grass is forward, or forward for the season; we have a forward spring.
<-- the latter sense is now early. -->
The most forward bud Is eaten by the canker ere it blow. Shak.
Forward
For"ward (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forwarded; p.pr. & vb.n.
Forwarding.]
1. To help onward; to advance; to promote; to accelerate; to quicken;
to hasten; as, to forward the growth of a plant; to forward one in
improvement.
2. To send forward; to send toward the place of destination; to
transmit; as, to forward a letter.
Forwarder
For"ward*er (?), n.
1. One who forwards or promotes; a promoter. Udall.
2. One who sends forward anything; (Com.) one who transmits goods; a
forwarding merchant. <-- e.g. freight forwarder -->
3. (Bookbinding) One employed in forwarding.
Forwarding
For"ward*ing, n.
1. The act of one who forwards; the act or occupation of transmitting
merchandise or other property for others.
2. (Bookbinding) The process of putting a book into its cover, and
making it ready for the finisher.
Forwardly
For"ward*ly (?), adv. Eagerly; hastily; obtrusively.
Forwardness
For"ward*ness, n. The quality of being forward; cheerful readiness;
promtness; as, the forwardness of Christians in propagating the
gospel.
2. An advanced stage of progress or of preparation; advancement; as,
his measures were in great forwardness. Robertson.
3. Eagerness; ardor; as, it is difficult to restrain the forwardness
of youth.
3. Boldness; confidence; assurance; want of due reserve or modesty.
In France it is usual to bring children into company, and cherish
in them, from their infancy, a kind of forwardness and assurance.
Addison.
5. A state of advance beyond the usual degree; prematureness;
precocity; as, the forwardnessof spring or of corn; the forwardness of
a pupil.
He had such a dexterous proclivity, as his teachers were fain to
restrain his forwardness. Sir H. Wotton.
Syn. -- Promptness; promptitude; eagerness; ardor; zeal; assurance;
confidence; boldness; impudence; presumption.
Forwards
For"wards (?), adv. Same as Forward.
Forwaste
For*waste" (?), v. t. [Pref. for- + waste.] To desolate or lay waste
utterly. [Obs.] Spenser.
Forwweary
For*wwea"ry (?), v. t. To weary extremely; to dispirit. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Forweep
For*weep" (?), v. i. To weep much. [Obs.]
Forwete
For*wete" (?), v. t. See Forewite. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Forwhy
For*why" (?), conj. [For + why, AS. hw, instrumental case of hw\'be
who.] Wherefore; because. [Obs.]
Forworn
For*worn" (?), a. Much worn. [Obs.]
A silly man, in simple weeds forworn. Spenser.
Forwot
For*wot" (?), pres. indic. 1st & 3d pers. sing. of Forwete. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Forwrap
For*wrap" (?), v. t. To wrap up; to conceal. [Obs.]
All mote be said and nought excused, nor hid, nor forwrapped.
Chaucer.
Foryelde
For*yelde" (?), v. t. [AS. forgieldan.] To repay; to requite. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Foryete
For*yete" (?), v. t. To forget. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Foryetten
For*yet"ten (?), obs. p. p. of Foryete. Chaucer.
Forzando
For*zan"do (?), adv. [It., prop. p.p. of forzare to force.] (Mus.) See
Sforzato.
Fossa
Fos"sa (?), n.; pl. Foss\'92 (#). [L., a ditch. See Fosse.] (Anat.) A
pit, groove, cavity, or depression, of greater or less depth; as, the
temporal fossa on the side of the skull; the nasal foss\'91 containing
the nostrils in most birds.
Fossane
Fos"sane` (?), n. [Cf. F. fossane.] (Zo\'94l.) A species of civet
(Viverra fossa) resembling the genet.
Fosse
Fosse (?), n. [F., fr. L. fossa, fr. fodere, fossum, to dig.]
1. (Fort.) A ditch or moat.
2. (Anat.) See Fossa.
Fosse road. See Fosseway.
Fosset
Fos"set (?), n. A faucet. [Obs.] Shak.
Fossette
Fos`sette" (? OR ?), n. [F., dim. of fosse a fosse.]
1. A little hollow; hence, a dimple.
2. (Med.) A small, deep-centered ulcer of the transparent cornea.
Fosseway
Fosse"way` (?), n. One of the great military roads constructed by the
Romans in England and other parts of Europe; -- so called from the
fosse or ditch on each side for keeping it dry.
Fossil
Fos"sil (?), a. [L. fossilis, fr. fodere to dig: cf. F. fossile. See
Fosse.]
1. Dug out of the eart; as, fossil coal; fossil salt.
2. (Paleon.) Like or pertaining to fossils; contained in rocks.
whether petrified or not; as, fossil plants, shells.
Fossil copal, a resinous substance, first found in the blue clay at
Highgate, near London, and apparently a vegetable resin, partly
changed by remaining in the earth. -- Fossil cork, flax, paper, OR
wood, varieties of amianthus. -- Fossil farina, a soft carbonate of
lime. -- Fossil ore, fossiliferous red hematite. Raymond.
Fossil
Fos"sil, n.
1. A substance dug from the earth. [Obs.]
NOTE: &hand; Fo rmerly al l mi nerals we re called fossils, but the
word is now restricted to express the remains of animals and plants
found buried in the earth.
Ure.
2. (Paleon.) The remains of an animal or plant found in stratified
rocks. Most fossils belong to extinct species, but many of the later
ones belong to species still living.
3. A person whose views and opinions are extremely antiquated; one
whose sympathies are with a former time rather than with the present.
[Colloq.]
Fossiliferous
Fos`sil*if"er*ous (?), a. [Fossil + -ferous.] (Paleon.) Containing or
composed of fossils.
Fossilification
Fos*sil`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Fossil + L. facere to make.] The process
of becoming fossil.
Fossilism
Fos"sil*ism (?), n.
1. The science or state of fossils. Coleridge.
2. The state of being extremely antiquated in views and opinions.
Fossilist
Fos"sil*ist, n. One who is versed in the science of fossils; a
paleontologist. Joseph Black.
Fossilization
Fos`sil*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. fossilisation.] The process of
converting, or of being converted, into a fossil.
Fossilize
Fos"sil*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fossilized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fossilizing (?).] [Cf. F. fossiliser.]
1. To convert into a fossil; to petrify; as, to fossilize bones or
wood.
2. To cause to become antiquated, rigid, or fixed, as by
fossilization; to mummify; to deaden.
Ten layers of birthdays on a woman's head Are apt to fossilize her
girlish mirth. Mrs. Browning.
Fossilize
Fos"sil*ize, v. i.
1. To become fossil.
2. To become antiquated, rigid, or fixed, beyond the influence of
change or progress.
Fossilized
Fos"sil*ized (?), a. Converted into a fossil; antiquated; firmly fixed
in views or opinions.
A fossilized sample of confused provincialism. Earle.
Fossores
Fos*so"res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. fossor digger, fr. fodere to dig.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group of hymenopterous insects including the sand wasps.
They excavate cells in earth, where they deposit their eggs, with the
bodies of other insects for the food of the young when hatched.
[Written also Fossoria.]
Fossoria
Fos*so"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) See Fossores.
Fossorial
Fos*so"ri*al (?), a. [L. fossor a digger.] Fitted for digging, adapted
for burrowing or digging; as, a fossorial foot; a fossorial animal.
Fossorious
Fos*so"ri*ous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Adapted for digging; -- said of the
legs of certain insects.
Fossulate
Fos"su*late (?), a. [L. fossula little ditch, dim. of fossa. See
Fosse.] Having, or surrounded by, long, narrow depressions or furrows.
Foster
Fos"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fostered (?), p. pr. & vb. n.
Fostering.] [OE. fostren, fr. AS. f\'d3ster, f\'d3stor, food,
nourishment, fr. f\'d3da food. \'fb75. See Food.]
1. To feed; to nourish; to support; to bring up.
Some say that ravens foster forlorn children. Shak.
2. To cherish; to promote the growth of; to encourage; to sustain and
promote; as, to foster genius.
Foster
Fos"ter, v. i. To be nourished or trained up together. [Obs.] Spenser.
Foster
Fos"ter, a. [AS. f\'d3ster, f\'d3stor, nourishment. See Foster, v. t.]
Relating to nourishment; affording, receiving, or sharing nourishment
or nurture; -- applied to father, mother, child, brother, etc., to
indicate that the person so called stands in the relation of parent,
child, brother, etc., as regards sustenance and nurture, but not by
tie of blood. Foster babe, OR child, an infant of child nursed by a
woman not its mother, or bred by a man not its father. -- Foster
brother, Foster sister, one who is, or has been, nursed at the same
breast, or brought up by the same nurse as another, but is not of the
same parentage. -- Foster dam, one who takes the place of a mother; a
nurse. Dryden. -- Foster earth, earth by which a plant is nourished,
though not its native soil. J. Philips. -- Foster father, a man who
takes the place of a father in caring for a child. Bacon. -- Foster
land. (a) Land allotted for the maintenance of any one. [Obs.] (b)
One's adopted country. -- Foster lean [foster + AS. l\'91n a loan See
Loan.], remuneration fixed for the rearing of a foster child; also,
the jointure of a wife. [Obs.] Wharton. -- Foster mother, a woman who
takes a mother's place in the nurture and care of a child; a nurse. --
Foster nurse, a nurse; a nourisher. [R.] Shak. -- Foster parent, a
foster mother or foster father. -- Foster son, a male foster child.
Foster
Fos"ter, n. A forester. [Obs.] Spenser.
Fosterage
Fos"ter*age (?; 48), n. The care of a foster child; the charge of
nursing. Sir W. Raleigh.
Foster
Fos"ter (?), n. One who, or that which, fosters.
Fosterling
Fos"ter*ling, n. [AS. f\'d3storling.] A foster child.
Fosterment
Fos"ter*ment (?), n. Food; nourishment. [Obs.]
Fostress
Fos"tress (?), n. [For fosteress.] A woman who feeds and cherishes; a
nurse. B. Jonson.
Fother
Foth"er (?), n. [OE. fother, foder, AS. f\'d3 a cartload; akin to G.
fuder a cartload, a unit of measure, OHG. fuodar, D. voeder, and perh.
to E. fathom, or cf. Skr. p\'betr\'be vessel, dish. Cf. Fodder a
fother.]
1. A wagonload; a load of any sort. [Obs.]
Of dung full many a fother. Chaucer.
2. See Fodder, a unit of weight.
Fother
Foth"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fothered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fothering.]
[Cf. Fodder food, and G. f\'81ttern, futtern, to cover within or
without, to line. \'fb75.] To stop (a leak in a ship at sea) by
drawing under its bottom a thrummed sail, so that the pressure of the
water may force it into the crack. Totten.
Fotive
Fo"tive (?), a. [L. fovere, fotum, to keep warm, to cherish.]
Nourishing. [Obs.] T. Carew (1633).
Fotmal
Fot"mal (?), n. (Com.) Seventy pounds of lead.
Fougade, Fougasse
Fou`gade" (?), Fou`gasse" (?), n. (Mil.) A small mine, in the form of
a well sunk from the surface of the ground, charged with explosive and
projectiles. It is made in a position likely to be occupied by the
enemy.
Fought
Fought (?), imp. & p. p. of Fight.
Foughten
Fought"en (?), p. p. of Fight. [Archaic]
Foul
Foul (?), n. [See Fowl.] A bird. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Foul
Foul (?), a. [Compar. Fouler (-&etil;r); superl. Foulest.] [OE. foul,
ful, AS. f&umac;l; akin to D. vuil, G. faul rotten, OHG. f&umac;l,
Icel. f&umac;l foul, fetid; Dan. fuul, Sw. ful foul, Goth. f&umac;ls
fetid, Lith. puti to be putrid, L. putere to stink, be putrid, pus
pus, Gr. py`on pus, to cause to rot, Skr. p&umac;y to stink. \'fb82.
Cf. Defile to foul, File to foul, Filth, Pus, Putrid.]
1. Covered with, or containing, extraneous matter which is injurious,
noxious, offensive, or obstructive; filthy; dirty; not clean;
polluted; nasty; defiled; as, a foul cloth; foul hands; a foul
chimney; foul air; a ship's bottom is foul when overgrown with
barnacles; a gun becomes foul from repeated firing; a well is foul
with polluted water.
My face is foul with weeping. Job. xvi. 16.
2. Scurrilous; obscene or profane; abusive; as, foul words; foul
language.
3. Hateful; detestable; shameful; odious; wretched. "The foul with
Sycorax." Shak.
Who first seduced them to that foul revolt? Milton.
4. Loathsome; disgusting; as, a foul disease.
5. Ugly; homely; poor. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Let us, like merchants, show our foulest wares. Shak.
6. Not favorable; unpropitious; not fair or advantageous; as, a foul
wind; a foul road; cloudy or rainy; stormy; not fair; -- said of the
weather, sky, etc.
So foul a sky clears not without a storm. Shak.
7. Not conformed to the established rules and customs of a game,
conflict, test, etc.; unfair; dishonest; dishonorable; cheating; as,
foul play.
8. Having freedom of motion interfered with by collision or
entanglement; entangled; -- opposed to clear; as, a rope or cable may
get foul while paying it out.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 590
Foul anchor. (Naut.) See under Anchor. -- Foul ball (Baseball), a ball
that first strikes the ground outside of the foul ball lines, or rolls
outside of certain limits. -- Foul ball lines (Baseball), lines from
the home base, through the first and third bases, to the boundary of
the field. -- Foul berth (Naut.), a berth in which a ship is in danger
of fouling another vesel. -- Foul bill, OR Foul bill of health, a
certificate, duly authenticated, that a ship has come from a place
where a contagious disorder prevails, or that some of the crew are
infected. -- Foul copy, a rough draught, with erasures and
corrections; -- opposed to fair or clean copy. "Some writers boast of
negligence, and others would be ashamed to show their foul copies."
Cowper. -- Foul proof, an uncorrected proof; a proof containing an
excessive quantity of errors. -- Foul strike (Baseball), a strike by
the batsman when any part of his person is outside of the lines of his
position. -- To fall foul, to fall out; to quarrel. [Obs.] "If they be
any ways offended, they fall foul." Burton. -- To fall, OR run, foul
of. See under Fall. -- To make foul water, to sail in such shallow
water that the ship's keel stirs the mud at the bottom.
Foul
Foul (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fouled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fouling.]
1. To make filthy; to defile; to daub; to dirty; to soil; as, to foul
the face or hands with mire.
2. (Mil.) To incrust (the bore of a gun) with burnt powder in the
process of firing.
3. To cover (a ship's bottom) with anything that impered its sailing;
as, a bottom fouled with barnacles.
4. To entangle, so as to impede motion; as, to foul a rope or cable in
paying it out; to come into collision with; as, one boat fouled the
other in a race.
Foul
Foul, v. i.
1. To become clogged with burnt powder in the process of firing, as a
gun.
2. To become entagled, as ropes; to come into collision with
something; as, the two boats fouled.
Foul
Foul, n.
1. An entanglement; a collision, as in a boat race.
2. (Baseball) See Foul ball, under Foul, a.
Foulard
Fou`lard" (?), n. [F.] A thin, washable material of silk, or silk and
cotton, originally imported from India, but now also made elsewhere.
Foulder
Foul"der (?), v. i. [OE. fouldre lightning, fr. F. foudre, OF. also
fouldre, fr. L. fulgur. See Fulgor.] To flash, as lightning; to
lighten; to gleam; to thunder. [Obs.] "Flames of fouldering heat."
Spenser.
Foule
Foul"e (?), adv. Foully. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Foully
Foul"ly (?), v.In a foul manner; filthily; nastily; shamefully;
unfairly; dishonorably.
I foully wronged him; do forgive me, do. Gay.
Foul-mouthed
Foul"-mouthed` (?), a. Using language scurrilous, opprobrious,
obscene, or profane; abusive.
So foul-mouthed a witness never appeared in any cause. Addison.
Foulness
Foul"ness, n. [AS. f.] The quality or condition of being foul.
Foul-spoken
Foul"-spo`ken (?), a. Using profane, scurrilous, slanderous, or
obscene language. Shak.
Foumart
Fou"mart` (?), n. [OE. folmard, fulmard; AS. f foul + mear, meard,
marten: cf. F. marte, martre. See Foul, a., and Marten the quadruped.]
(Zo\'94l.) The European polecat; -- called also European ferret, and
fitchew. See Polecat. [Written also foulmart, foulimart, and
fulimart.]
Found
Found (?), imp. & p. p. of Find.
Found
Found, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Founded; p. pr. & vb. n. Founding.] [F.
fondre, L. fundere to found, pour.] To form by melting a metal, and
pouring it into a mold; to cast. "Whereof to found their engines."
Milton.
Found
Found, n. A thin, single-cut file for combmakers.
Found
Found, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Founded; p. pr. & vb. n. Founding.] [F.
fonder, L. fundare, fr. fundus bottom. See 1st Bottom, and cf.
Founder, v. i., Fund.]
1. To lay the basis of; to set, or place, as on something solid, for
support; to ground; to establish upon a basis, literal or figurative;
to fix firmly.
I had else been perfect, Whole as the marble, founded as the rock.
Shak.
A man that all his time Hath founded his good fortunes on your
love. Shak.
It fell not, for it was founded on a rock. Matt. vii. 25.
2. To take the ffirst steps or measures in erecting or building up; to
furnish the materials for beginning; to begin to raise; to originate;
as, to found a college; to found a family.
There they shall found Their government, and their great senate
choose. Milton.
Syn. -- To base; ground; institute; establish; fix. See Predicate.
Foundation
Foun*da"tion (?), n. [F. fondation, L. fundatio. See Found to
establish.]
1. The act of founding, fixing, establishing, or beginning to erect.
2. That upon which anything is founded; that on which anything stands,
and by which it is supported; the lowest and supporting layer of a
superstructure; groundwork; basis.
Behold, I lay in Zion, for a foundation, a stone . . . a precious
corner stone, a sure foundation. Is. xxviii. 16.
The foundation of a free common wealth. Motley.
3. (Arch.) The lowest and supporting part or member of a wall,
including the base course (see Base course (a), under Base, n.) and
footing courses; in a frame house, the whole substructure of masonry.
4. A donation or legacy appropriated to support a charitable
institution, and constituting a permanent fund; endowment.
He was entered on the foundation of Westminster. Macaulay.
5. That which is founded, or established by endowment; an endowed
institution or charity.
Against the canon laws of our foundation. Milton.
Foundation course. See Base course, under Base, n. -- Foundation
muslin, an open-worked gummed fabric used for stiffening dresses,
bonnets, etc. -- Foundation school, in England, an endowed school. --
To be on a foundation, to be entitled to a support from the proceeds
of an endowment, as a scholar or a fellow of a college.
Foundationer
Foun*da"tion*er (?), n. One who derives support from the funds or
foundation of a college or school. [Eng.]
Foundationless
Foun*da"tion*less, a. Having no foundation.
Founder
Found"er (?), n. [Cf. OF. fondeor, F. fondateur, L. fundator.] One who
founds, establishes, and erects; one who lays a foundation; an author;
one from whom anything originates; one who endows.
Founder
Found"er, n. [From Found to cast.] One who founds; one who casts
metals in various forms; a caster; as, a founder of cannon, bells,
hardware, or types. Fonder's dust. Same as Facing, 4. -- Founder's
sand, a kind of sand suitable for purposes of molding.
Founder
Found"er (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Foundered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Foundering.] [OF. fondrer to fall in, cf. F. s'effondrer, fr. fond
bottom, L. fundus. See Found to establish.]
1. (Naut.) To become filled with water, and sink, as a ship.
2. To fall; to stumble and go lame, as a horse.
For which his horse fear\'82 gan to turn, And leep aside, and
foundrede as he leep. Chaucer.
3. To fail; to miscarry. "All his tricks founder." Shak.
Founder
Found"er, v. t. To cause internal inflammation and soreness in the
feet or limbs of (a horse), so as to disable or lame him.
Founder
Found"er, n. (Far.) (a) A lameness in the foot of a horse, occasioned
by inflammation; closh. (b) An inflammatory fever of the body, or
acute rheumatism; as, chest founder. See Chest ffounder. James White.
Founderous
Foun"der*ous (?), a. Difficult to travel; likely to trip one up; as, a
founderous road. [R.] Burke.
Foundershaft
Found"er*shaft` (?), n. (Mining) The first shaft sunk. Raymond.
Foundery
Found"er*y (?), n.; pl. Founderies (#). [F. fonderie, fr. fondre. See
Found to cast, and cf. Foundry.] Same as Foundry.
Founding
Found"ing, n. The art of smelting and casting metals.
Foundling
Found"ling (?), n. [OE. foundling, fundling; finden to find + -ling;
cf. f\'81ndling, findling. See Find, v. t., and -ling.] A deserted or
exposed infant; a child found without a parent or owner. Foundling
hospital, a hospital for foundlings.
Foundress
Found"ress (?), n. A female founder; a woman who founds or
establishes, or who endows with a fund.
Foundry
Found"ry (?), n.; pl. Foundries (#). [See Foundery.]
1. The act, process, or art of casting metals.
2. The buildings and works for casting metals.
Foundry ladle, a vessel for holding molten metal and conveying it from
cupola to the molds.
Fount
Fount (?), n. [See Font.] (Print.) A font.
Fount
Fount, n. [OF. font, funt, fr. L. fons, fontis, a fountain; of
uncertain origin, perh. akin to fundere to pour, E. found to cast. Cf.
Font.] A fountain.
Founttain
Fount"tain (?), n. [F. fontaine, LL. fontana, fr. L. fons, fontis. See
2d Fount.]
1. A spring of water issuing from the earth.
2. An artificially produced jet or stream of water; also, the
structure or works in which such a jet or stream rises or flows; a
basin built and constantly supplied with pure water for drinking and
other useful purposes, or for ornament.
3. A reservoir or chamber to contain a liquid which can be conducted
or drawn off as needed for use; as, the ink fountain in a printing
press, etc.
4. The source from which anything proceeds, or from which anything is
supplied continuously; origin; source.
Judea, the fountain of the gospel. Fuller.
Author of all being, Fountain of light, thyself invisible. Milton.
Air fountain. See under Air. -- Fountain heead, primary source;
original; first principle. Young. -- Fountain inkstand, an inkstand
having a continual supply of ink, as from elevated reservoir. --
Fountain lamp, a lamp fed with oil from an elevated reservoir. --
Fountain pen, a pen with a reservoir in the handle which furnishes a
supply of ink. -- Fountain pump. (a) A structure for a fountain,
having the form of a pump. (b) A portable garden pump which throws a
jet, for watering plants, etc. -- Fountain shell (Zo\'94l.), the large
West Indian conch shell (Strombus gigas). -- Fountain of youth, a
mythical fountain whose waters were fabled to have the property of
renewing youth.
Fountainless
Foun"tain*less, a. Having no fountain; destitute of springs or sources
of water.
Barren desert, fountainless and dry. Milton.
Fountful
Fount"ful (?), a. Full of fountains. Pope.
Four
Four (?), a. [OE. four, fower, feower, AS. fe\'a2wer; akin to OS.
fiwar, D. & G. vier, OHG. fior, Icel. fj, Sw. fyra, Dan. fire, Goth.
fidw, Russ. chetuire, chetvero, W. pedwar, L. quatuor, Gr. catur.
Farthing, Firkin, Forty, Cater four, Quater-cousin, Quatuor, Quire of
paper, tetrarch.] One more than three; twice two.
Four
Four, n.
1. The sum of four units; four units or objects.
2. A symbol representing four units, as 4 or iv.
3. Four things of the same kind, esp. four horses; as, a chariot and
four.
All fours. See All fours, in the Vocabulary.
Fourb, Fourbe
Fourb, Fourbe (?), n. [F.] A trickly fellow; a cheat. [Obs.] Evelyn.
Denham.
Fourch\'82
Four`ch\'82" (?), a. [F. See Fo.] (Her.) Having the ends forked or
branched, and the ends of the branches terminating abruptly as if cut
off; -- said of an ordinary, especially of a cross.
Fourchette
Four`chette" (?), n. [F., dim. of fourche. See Fork.]
1. A table fork.
2. (Anat.) (a) A small fold of membrane, connecting the labia in the
posterior part of the vulva. (b) The wishbone or furculum of birds.
(c) The frog of the hoof of the horse and allied animals.
3. (Surg.) An instrument used to raise and support the tongue during
the cutting of the fr\'91num.
4. (Glove Making) The forked piece between two adjacent fingers, to
which the front and back portions are sewed. Knight.
Four-cornered
Four"-cor`nered (?), a. Having four corners or angles.
Fourdrinier
Four`dri`nier" (?), n. A machine used in making paper; -- so named
from an early inventor of improvements in this class of machinery.
Fourfold
Four"fold` (?), a. & adv. [AS. fe\'a2werfeold.] Four times; quadruple;
as, a fourfold division.
He snall restore the lamb fourfold. 2 Sam. xii. 6.
Fourfold
Four"fold`, n. Four times as many or as much.
Fourfold
Four"fold`, v. t. To make four times as much or as many, as an
assessment,; to quadruple.
Fourfooted
Four"foot`ed (?), a. Having four feet; quadruped; as, fourfooted
beasts.
Fourgon
Four`gon" (?), n. [F.] (Mil.) (a)An ammunition wagon. (b) A French
baggage wagon.
Fourhanded
Four"hand`ed (?), a.
1. Having four hands; quadrumanous. Goldsmith.
2. Requiring four "hands" or players; as, a fourhanded game at cards.
Fourierism
Fou"ri*er*ism (?), n. The co\'94perative socialistic system of Charles
Fourier, a Frenchman, who recommended the reorganization of society
into small communities, living in common.
Fourierist, Fourierite
Fou"ri*er*ist, Fou"ri*er*ite (?), n. One who adopts the views of
Fourier.
Four-in-hand
Four"-in-hand (?), a. Consisting of four horses controlled by one
person; as, a four-in-hand team; drawn by four horses driven by one
person; as, a four-in-hand coach. -- n. A team of four horses driven
by one person; also, a vehicle drawn by such a team.
As quaint a four-in-hand As you shall see. Tennyson.
Fourling
Four"ling, n.
1. One of four children born at the same time.
2. (Crystallog.) A compound or twin crystal consisting of four
individuals.
Fourneau
Four`neau" (?), n. [F.] (Mil.) The chamber of a mine in which the
powder is placed.
Four-o'clock
Four"-o'clock` (?), n.
1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Mirabilis. There are about half a dozen
species, natives of the warmer parts of America. The common
four-o'clock is M. Jalapa. Its flowers are white, yellow, and red, and
open toward sunset, or earlier in cloudy weather; hence the name. It
is also called marvel of Peru, and afternoon lady.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The friar bird; -- so called from its cry, which
resembles these words.
Fourpence
Four"pence (?), n.
1. A British silver coin, worth four pence; a groat.
2. A name formerly given in New England to the Spanish half real, a
silver coin worth six and a quarter cents.
Four-poster
Four"-post`er (?), n. A large bedstead with tall posts at the corners
to support curtains. [Colloq.]
Fourrier
Four"rier (?; F. , n. [F., fr. OF. forre. See Forage, n.] A harbinger.
[Obs.]
Fourscore
Four"score` (?), a. [Four + core, n.] Four times twenty; eighty.
Fourscore
Four"score`, n. The product of four times twenty; eighty units or
objects.
Foursquare
Four"square` (?), a. Having four sides and four equal angles. Sir W.
Raleigh.
Fourteen
Four"teen` (?), a. [OE. fourtene, feowertene, AS. fe\'a2wert,
fe\'a2wert. See Four, and Ten, and cf. Forty.] Four and ten more;
twice seven.
Fourteen
Four"teen`, n.
1. The sum of ten and four; forteen units or objects.
2. A symbol representing fourteen, as 14 or xiv.
Fourteenth
Four"teenth` (?), a. [Cf. OE. fourtende, fourtethe, AS.
fe\'a2werteo&edh;a.]
1. Next in order after the thirteenth; as, the fourteenth day of the
month.
2. Making or constituting one of fourteen equal parts into which
anything may be derived.
Fourteenth
Four"teenth`, n.
1. One of fourteen equal parts into which one whole may be divided;
the quotient of a unit divided by fourteen; one next after the
thirteenth.
2. (Mus.) The octave of the seventh.
Fourth
Fourth (?), a. [OE. fourthe, ferthe, feorthe, AS. fe\'a2r&edh;a, fr.
fe\'a2wer four.]
1. Next in order after the third; the ordinal of four.
2. Forming one of four equal parts into which anything may be divided.
Fourth
Fourth, n.
1. One of four equal parts into which one whole may be divided; the
quotient of a unit divided by four; one coming next in order after the
third.
2. (Mus.) The interval of two tones and a semitone, embracing four
diatonic degrees of the scale; the subdominant of any key.
The Fourth, specifically, un the United States, the fourth day of
July, the anniversary of the declaration of American independence; as,
to celebrate the Fourth.
Fourthly
Fourth"ly, adv. In the fourth place.
Four-way
Four"-way` (?), a. Allowing passage in either of four directions; as,
a four-way cock, or valve. Francis. Four-way cock, a cock connected
with four pipes or ports, and having two or more passages in the plug,
by which the adjacent pipes or ports may be made to communicate;
formerly used as a valve in the steam engine, and now for various
other purposes. In the illustration, a leads to the upper end of a
steam engine cylinder, and b to the lower end; c is the steam pipe,
and d the exhaust pipe.
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Four-wheeled
Four"-wheeled` (?), a. Having four wheels.
Four-wheeler
Four"-wheel`er (?), n. A vehicle having four wheels. [Colloq.]
Foussa
Fous"sa (?), n. [Natibe name.] (Zo\'94l.) A viverrine animal of
Madagascar (Cryptoprocta ferox). It resembles a cat in size and form,
and has retractile claws.
Fouter
Fou"ter (?), n. [F. foutre to lecher, L. futuere. Cf. Fouty.] A
despicable fellow. [Prov. Eng.] Brockett.
Foutra
Fou"tra (?), n. [See Fouter.] A fig; -- a word of contempt. [Obs.]
A foutra for the world and wordlings base! Shak.
Fouty
Fou"ty (?), a. [Cf. F. foutu, p.p. of foutre; OF. foutu scoundrel. See
Fouter.] Despicable. [Obs.]
Fovea
Fo"ve*a (?), n.; pl. Fove\'91 (#). [L., a small pit.] A slight
depression or pit; a fossa.
Foveate
Fo"ve*ate (?), a. [L. fovea a pit.] Having pits or depressions;
pitted.
Foveola
Fo*ve"o*la (?), n.; pl. Foveol\'91 (#). [NL., dim. of L. fovea.] A
small depression or pit; a fovea.
Foveolate
Fo"ve*o*late (? OR ?), a. Having small pits or depression, as the
receptacle in some composite flowers.
Foveolated
Fo"ve*o*la`ted (?), a. Foveolate.
Fovilla
Fo*vil"la (?), n.; pl. Fovill\'91 (#). [Dim. fr. L. fovere to
cherish.] (Bot.) One of the fine granules contained in the protoplasm
of a pollen grain.
Fowl
Fowl (?), n.
NOTE: Instead of th e pl . Fo wls th e si ngular is of ten us ed
collectively
. [OE. foul, fowel, foghel, fuhel, fugel, AS. fugol; akin to OS. fugal
D. & G. vogel, OHG. fogal, Icel. & Dan. fugl, Sw. fogel, f\'86gel,
Goth. fugls; of unknown origin, possibly by loss of l, from the root
of E. fly, or akin to E. fox, as being a tailed animal.]
1. Any bird; esp., any large edible bird.
Let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl
of the air. Gen. i. 26.
Behold the fowls of the air; for they sow not. Matt. vi. 26.
Like a flight of fowl Scattered by winds and high tempestuous
gusts. Shak.
2. Any domesticated bird used as food, as a hen, turkey, duck; in a
more restricted sense, the common domestic cock or hen (Gallus
domesticus).
Barndoor fowl, OR Barnyard fowl, a fowl that frequents the barnyard;
the common domestic cock or hen.
Fowl
Fowl, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fowled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fowling.] To
catch or kill wild fowl, for game or food, as by shooting, or by
decoys, nets, etc.
Such persons as may lawfully hunt, fish, or fowl. Blackstone.
Fowling piece, a light gun with smooth bore, adapted for the use of
small shot in killing birds or small quadrupeds.
Fowler
Fowl"er (?), n. A sportsman who pursues wild fowl, or takes or kills
for food.
Fowlerite
Fow"ler*ite (?), n. [From Dr. Samuel Fowler.] (Min.) A variety of
rhodonite, from Franklin Furnace, New Jersey, containing some zinc.
Fowler's solution
Fow"ler's so*lu"tion (?). An Fowler, an English physician who first
brought it into use.
Fox
Fox (?), n.; pl. Foxes (#). [AS. fox; akin to D. vos, G. fuchs, OHG.
fuhs, foha, Goth. fa\'a3h, Icel. f fox, fox fraud; of unknown origin,
cf. Skr. puccha tail. Cf. Vixen.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A carnivorous animal of the genus Vulpes, family
Canid\'91, of many species. The European fox (V. vulgaris or V.
vulpes), the American red fox (V. fulvus), the American gray fox (V.
Virginianus), and the arctic, white, or blue, fox (V. lagopus) are
well-known species.
NOTE: &hand; Th e bl ack or si lver-gray fo x is a variety of the
American red fox, producing a fur of great value; the cross-gray
and woods-gray foxes are other varieties of the same species, of
less value. The common foxes of Europe and America are very
similar; both are celebrated for their craftiness. They feed on
wild birds, poultry, and various small animals.
Subtle as the fox for prey. Shak.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The European dragonet.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The fox shark or thrasher shark; -- called also sea fox.
See Thrasher shark, under Shark.
4. A sly, cunning fellow. [Colloq.]
We call a crafty and cruel man a fox. Beattie.
5. (Naut.) Rope yarn twisted together, and rubbed with tar; -- used
for seizings or mats.
6. A sword; -- so called from the stamp of a fox on the blade, or
perhaps of a wolf taken for a fox. [Obs.]
Thou diest on point of fox. Shak.
7. pl. (Enthnol.) A tribe of Indians which, with the Sacs, formerly
occupied the region about Green Bay, Wisconsin; -- called also
Outagamies.
Fox and geese. (a) A boy's game, in which one boy tries to catch
others as they run one goal to another. (b) A game with sixteen
checkers, or some substitute for them, one of which is called the fox,
and the rest the geese; the fox, whose first position is in the middle
of the board, endeavors to break through the line of the geese, and
the geese to pen up the fox. -- Fox bat (Zo\'94l.), a large fruit bat
of the genus Pteropus, of many species, inhabiting Asia, Africa, and
the East Indies, esp. P. medius of India. Some of the species are more
than four feet across the outspread wings. See Fruit bat. -- Fox bolt,
a bolt having a split end to receive a fox wedge. -- Fox brush
(Zo\'94l.), the tail of a fox. -- Fox evil, a disease in which the
hair falls off; alopecy. -- Fox grape (Bot.), the name of two species
of American grapes. The northern fox grape (Vitis Labrusca) is the
origin of the varieties called Isabella, Concord, Hartford, etc., and
the southern fox grape (Vitis vulpina) has produced the Scuppernong,
and probably the Catawba. -- Fox hunter. (a) One who pursues foxes
with hounds. (b) A horse ridden in a fox chase. -- Fox shark
(Zo\'94l.), the thrasher shark. See Thrasher shark, under Thrasher. --
Fox sleep, pretended sleep. -- Fox sparrow (Zo\'94l.), a large
American sparrow (Passerella iliaca); -- so called on account of its
reddish color. -- Fox squirrel (Zo\'94l.), a large North American
squirrel (Sciurus niger, or S. cinereus). In the Southern States the
black variety prevails; farther north the fulvous and gray variety,
called the cat squirrel, is more common. -- Fox terrier (Zo\'94l.),
one of a peculiar breed of terriers, used in hunting to drive foxes
from their holes, and for other purposes. There are rough- and
smooth-haired varieties. -- Fox trot, a pace like that which is
adopted for a few steps, by a horse, when passing from a walk into a
trot, or a trot into a walk. -- Fox wedge (Mach. & Carpentry), a wedge
for expanding the split end of a bolt, cotter, dowel, tenon, or other
piece, to fasten the end in a hole or mortise and prevent withdrawal.
The wedge abuts on the bottom of the hole and the piece is driven down
upon it. Fastening by fox wedges is called foxtail wedging. -- Fox
wolf (Zo\'94l.), one of several South American wild dogs, belonging to
the genus Canis. They have long, bushy tails like a fox.
Fox
Fox (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foxed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Foxing.] [See
Fox, n., cf. Icel. fox imposture.]
1. To intoxicate; to stupefy with drink.
I drank . . . so much wine that I was almost foxed. Pepys.
2. To make sour, as beer, by causing it to ferment.
3. To repair the feet of, as of boots, with new front upper leather,
or to piece the upper fronts of.
Fox
Fox, v. i. To turn sour; -- said of beer, etc., when it sours in
fermenting.
Foxearth
Fox"earth` (?), n. A hole in the earth to which a fox resorts to hide
himself.
Fracas
Fra"cas (?; F. , n. [F., crash, din, tumult, It. fracasso, fr.
fracassare to break in pieces, perh. fr. fra within, among (L. infra)
+ cassare to annul, cashier. Cf. Cashier, v. t.] An uproar; a noisy
quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl.
Fracho
Fracho (?), n. A shallow iron pan to hold glass ware while being
annealed.
Fracid
Frac"id (?), a. [L. fracidus mellow, soft.] Rotten from being too
ripe; overripe. [Obs.] Blount.
Fract
Fract (?), v. t. [L. fractus, p.p. of frangere to break.] To break; to
violate. [Obs.] Shak.
Fracted
Frac"ted, a. (Her.) Having a part displaced, as if broken; -- said of
an ordinary. Macaulay.
Foxed
Foxed (?), a.
1. Discolored or stained; -- said of timber, and also of the paper of
books or engravings.
2. Repaired by foxing; as, foxed boots.
Foxery
Fox"e*ry (?), n. Behavior like that of a fox; [Obs.] Chaucer.
Foxes
Fox"es (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) See Fox, n., 7.
Foxfish
Fox"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The fox shark; -- called also sea
fox. See Thrasher shark, under Shark. (b) The european dragonet. See
Dragonet.
Foxglove
Fox"glove` (?), n. [AS. foxes-gl, foxes-clife.] (Bot.) Any plant of
the genus Digitalis. The common English foxglove (Digitalis purpurea)
is a handsome perennial or biennial plant, whose leaves are used as a
powerful medicine, both as a sedative and diuretic. See Digitalis.
Pan through the pastures oftentimes hath run To pluck the speckled
foxgloves from their stem. W. Browne.
Foxhound
Fox"hound` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of a special breed of hounds used
for chasing foxes.
Fox-hunting
Fox"-hunt`ing (?), a. Pertaining to or engaged in the hunting of
foxes; fond of hunting foxes.
Foxineess
Fox"i*neess (?), n.
1. The state or quality of being foxy, or foxlike; craftiness;
shrewdness.
2. The state of being foxed or discolored, as books; decay;
deterioration.
3. A coarse and sour taste in grapes.
Foxish
Fox"ish, a. Foxlike. [Obs.]
Foxlike
Fox"like` (?), a. Resembling a fox in his characteristic qualities;
cunning; artful; foxy.
Foxly
Fox"ly, a. Foxlike. [Obs.] "Foxly craft." Latimer.
Foxship
Fox"ship, n. Foxiness; craftiness. [R.] Shak.
Foxtail
Fox"tail` (?), n.
1. The tail or brush of a fox.
2. (Bot.) The name of several kinds of grass having a soft dense head
of flowers, mostly the species of Alopecurus and Setaria.
3. (Metal.) The last cinders obtained in the fining process. Raymond.
Foxtail saw, a dovetail saw. -- Foxtail wedging. See Fox wedge, under
Fox.
Foxy
Fox"y (?), a.
1. Like or pertaining to the fox; foxlike in disposition or looks;
wily.
Modred's narrow, foxy face. Tennyson.
2. Having the color of a fox; of a yellowish or reddish brown color;
-- applied sometimes to paintings when they have too much of this
color.
3. Having the odor of a fox; rank; strong smeelling.
4. Sour; unpleasant in taste; -- said of wine, beer, etc., not
properly fermented; -- also of grapes which have the coarse flavor of
the fox grape.
Foy
Foy (?), n. [F. foi, old spelling foy, faith. See Faith.]
1. Faith; allegiance; fealty. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. A feast given by one about to leave a place. [Obs.]
He did at the Dog give me, and some other friends of his, his foy,
he being to set sail to-day. Pepys.
Foyer
Foy`er" (?), n. [F., fr. LL. focarium fireplace. See Focus, n.]
1. A lobby in a theater; a greenroom.
2. The crucible or basin in a furnace which receives the molten metal.
Knight.
Foyson
Foy"son (?), n. [Obs.] See Foison.
Foziness
Fo"zi*ness (?), n. The state of being fozy; spiritlessness; dullness.
[Scot.]
[The Whigs'] foziness can no longer be concealed. Blackwood's.
Fozy
Fo"zy (?), a. Spongy; soft; fat and puffy. [Scot.]
Fra
Fra (?), adv. & prep. [OE.] Fro. [Old Eng. & Scot.]
Fra
Fra (?), n. [It., for frate. See Friar.] Brother; -- a title of a monk
of friar; as, Fra Angelo. Longfellow.
Frab
Frab (?), v. i. & t. To scold; to nag. [Prov. Eng.]
Frabbit
Frab"bit (?), a. Crabbed; peevish. [Prov. Eng.]
Fraction
Frac"tion (?), n. [F. fraction, L. fractio a breaking, fr. frangere,
fractum, to break. See Break.]
1. The act of breaking, or state of being broken, especially by
violence. [Obs.]
Neither can the natural body of Christ be subject to any fraction
or breaking up. Foxe.
2. A portion; a fragment.
Some niggard fractions of an hour. Tennyson.
3. (Arith. or Alg.) One or more aliquot parts of a unit or whole
number; an expression for a definite portion of a unit or magnitude.
Common, OR Vulgar, fraction, a fraction in which the number of equal
parts into which the integer is supposed to be divided is indicated by
figures or letters, called the denominator, written below a line, over
which is the numerator, indicating the number of these parts included
in the fraction; as , one half, , two fifths. -- Complex fraction, a
fraction having a fraction or mixed number in the numerator or
denominator, or in both. Davies & Peck. -- Compound fraction, a
fraction of a fraction; two or more fractions connected by of. --
Continued fraction, Decimal fraction, Partial fraction, etc. See under
Continued, Decimal, Partial, etc. -- Improper fraction, a fraction in
which the numerator is greater than the denominator. -- Proper
fraction, a fraction in which the numerator is less than the
denominator.
Fraction
Frac"tion, v. t. (Chem.) To separate by means of, or to subject to,
fractional distillation or crystallization; to fractionate; --
frequently used with out; as, to fraction out a certain grade of oil
from pretroleum.
Fractional
Frac"tion*al (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to fractions or a fraction; constituting a
fraction; as, fractional numbers.
2. Relatively small; inconsiderable; insignificant; as, a fractional
part of the population.
Fractional crystallization (Chem.), a process of gradual and
approximate purification and separation, by means of repeated solution
and crystallization therefrom. -- Fractional currency, small coin, or
paper notes, in circulation, of less value than the monetary unit. --
Fractional distillation (Chem.), a process of distillation so
conducted that a mixture of liquids, differing considerably from each
other in their boiling points, can be separated into its constituents.
Fractionally
Frac"tion*al*ly, adv. By fractions or separate portions; as, to
distill a liquid fractionally, that is, so as to separate different
portions.
Fractionary
Frac"tion*a*ry (?), a. Fractional. [Obs.]
Fractionate
Frac"tion*ate (?), v. t. To separate into different portions or
fractions, as in the distillation of liquids.
Fractious
Frac"tious (?), a. [Cf. Prov. E. frack forward, eager, E. freak,
fridge; or Prov. E. fratch to squabble, quarrel.] Apt to break out
into a passion; apt to scold; cross; snappish; ugly; unruly; as, a
fractious man; a fractious horse. Syn. -- Snappish; peevish; waspish;
cross; irritable; perverse; pettish. -- Frac"tious*ly, v. --
Frac"tious*ness, n.
Fractural
Frac"tur*al (?; 135), a. Pertaining to, or consequent on, a fracture.
[R.]
Fracture
Frac"ture (?; 135), n. [L. fractura, fr. frangere, fractum, to break:
cf. F. fracture. See Fraction.]
1. The act of breaking or snapping asunder; rupture; breach.
2. (Surg.) The breaking of a bone.
3. (Min.) The texture of a freshly broken surface; as, a compact
fracture; an even, hackly, or conchoidal fracture.
Comminuted fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which the bone is broken
into several parts. -- Complicated fracture (Surg.), a fracture of the
bone combined with the lesion of some artery, nervous trunk, or joint.
-- Compound fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which there is an open
wound from the surface down to the fracture. -- Simple fracture
(Surg.), a fracture in which the bone only is ruptured. It does not
communicate with the surface by an open wound. Syn. -- Fracture,
Rupture. These words denote different kinds of breaking, according to
the objects to which they are applied. Fracture is applied to hard
substances; as, the fracture of a bone. Rupture is oftener applied to
soft substances; as, the rupture of a blood vessel. It is also used
figuratively. "To be an enemy and once to have been a friend, does it
not embitter the rupture?" South.
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Page 592
Fracture
Frac"ture (?; 135), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fractured (#; 135); p. pr. &
vb. n.. Fracturing.] [Cf. F. fracturer.] To cause a fracture or
fractures in; to break; to burst asunder; to crack; to separate the
continuous parts of; as, to fracture a bone; to fracture the skull.
Fr\'91nulum
Fr\'91n"u*lum (?), n.; pl. Fr\'91nula (#). [NL., dim. of L. fraenum a
bridle.] (Anat.) A fr\'91num.
Fr\'91num, OR Frenum
Fr\'91"num (?), OR Fre"num, n.; pl. E. Fr\'91nums (#), L. Fr\'91na
(#). [L., a bridle.] (Anat.) A connecting fold of membrane serving to
support or restrain any part; as, the fr\'91num of the tongue.
Fragile
Frag"ile (?), a. [L. fragilis, from frangere to break; cf. F. fragile.
See Break, v. t., and cf. Frail, a.] Easily broken; brittle; frail;
delicate; easily destroyed.
The state of ivy is tough, and not fragile. Bacon.
Syn. -- Brittle; infirm; weak; frail; frangible; slight. --
Frag"ile*ly, adv.
Fragility
Fra*gil"i*ty (?), n. [L. fragilitas: cf. F. fragilit\'82. Cf.
Frailty.]
1. The condition or quality of being fragile; brittleness;
frangibility. Bacon.
2. Weakness; feebleness.
An appearance of delicacy, and even of fragility, is almost
essential to it [beauty]. Burke.
3. Liability to error and sin; frailty. [Obs.]
The fragility and youthful folly of Qu. Fabius. Holland.
Fragment
Frag"ment (?), n. [L. fragmentum, fr. frangere to break: cf. F.
fragment. See Break, v. t.] A part broken off; a small, detached
portion; an imperfect part; as, a fragment of an ancient writing.
Gather up the fragments that remain. John vi. 12.
Fragmentak
Frag*men"tak (?), a.
1. Fragmentary.
2. (Geol.) Consisting of the pulverized or fragmentary material of
rock, as conglomerate, shale, etc.
Fragmental
Frag*men"tal, n. (Geol.) A fragmentary rock.
Fragmentarily
Frag"men*ta*ri*ly (?), adv. In a fragmentary manner; piecemeal.
Fragmentariness
Frag"men*ta*ri*ness, n. The quality or property of being in fragnebts,
or broken pieces, incompleteness; want of continuity. G. Eliot.
Fragmentary
Frag"men*ta*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. fragmentaire.]
1. Composed of fragments, or broken pieces; disconnected; not complete
or entire. Donne.
2. (Geol.) Composed of the fragments of other rocks.
Fragmented
Frag"ment*ed (?), a. Broken into fragments.
Fragmentist
Frag"ment*ist, n. A writer of fragments; as, the fragmentist of
Wolfenb\'81ttel. [R.]
Fragor
Fra"gor (, n. [L., a breaking to pieces, fr. frangere to break.]
1. A loud and sudden sound; the report of anything bursting; a crash.
I. Watts.
2.
NOTE: [Due to confusion with fragrant.]
A strong or sweet scent. [Obs. & Illegitimate.] Sir T. Herbert.
Fragrance, Fragrancy
Fra"grance (?), Fra"gran*cy (?), n. [L. fragrantia: cf. OF.
fragrance.] The quality of being fragrant; sweetness of smell; a sweet
smell; a pleasing odor; perfume.
Eve separate he spies, Veiled in a cloud of fragrance. Milton.
The goblet crowned, Breathed aromatic fragrancies around. Pope.
Fragrant
Fra"grant (?), a. [fragrans. -antis, p.pr. of fragrare to emit a smell
of fragrance: cf. OF. fragrant. Affecting the olfactory nerves
agreeably; sweet of smell; odorous; having or emitting an agreeable
perfume.
Fragrant the fertile earth After soft showers. Milton.
Syn. -- Sweet-smelling; odorous; odoriferous; swetacented; redolent;
ambrosial; balmy; spicy; aromatic. -- Fra"grant*ly, adv.
Fraight
Fraight (?), a. Same as Fraught. [Obs.] Spenser.
Frail
Frail (?), n. [OE. fraiel, fraile, OF. fraiel, freel, frael, fr. LL.
fraellum.] A basket made of rushes, used chiefly for containing figs
and raisins.
2. The quantity of raisins -- about thirty-two, fifty-six, or
seventy-five pounds, -- contained in a frail.
3. A rush for weaving baskets. Johnson.
Frail
Frail, a. [Compar. Frailer (?); superl. Frailest.] [OE. frele, freile,
OF. fraile, frele, F. fr\'88le, fr. L. fragilis. See Fragile.]
1. Easily broken; fragile; not firm or durable; liable to fail and
perish; easily destroyed; not tenacious of life; weak; infirm.
That I may know how frail I am. Ps. xxxix. 4.
An old bent man, worn and frail. Lowell.
2. Tender. [Obs.]
Deep indignation and compassion. Spenser.
3. Liable to fall from virtue or be led into sin; not strong against
temptation; weak in resolution; also, unchaste; -- often applied to
fallen women.
Man is frail, and prone to evil. Jer. Taylor.
Frailly
Frail"ly, adv. Weakly; infirmly.
Frailness
Frail"ness, n. Frailty.
Frailty
Frail"ty (?), n.; pl. Frailties (#). [OE. frelete, freilte, OF.
frailet\'82, fr. L. fragilitas. See Frail, a., and cf. Fragility.]
1. The condition quality of being frail, physically, mentally, or
morally, frailness; infirmity; weakness of resolution; liableness to
be deceived or seduced.
God knows our frailty, [and] pities our weakness. Locke.
2. A fault proceeding from weakness; foible; sin of infirmity. Syn. --
Frailness; fragility; imperfection; failing.
Fraischeur
Frai"scheur (?), n. [OF.; F fraicheur, fr. frais, fem. fra, fresh; of
German origin. See Frash, a.] Freshness; coolness. [R.] Dryden.
Fraise
Fraise (?), n. [See Froise.] A large and thick pancake, with slices of
bacon in it. [Obs.] Johnson.
Fraise
Fraise (?), n. [F. fraise, orig., a ruff, cf. F. frise frieze, E.
frieze a coarse stuff.]
1. (Fort.) A defense consisting of pointed stakes driven into the
ramparts in a horizontal or inclined position.
2. (Mech.) A fluted reamer for enlarging holes in stone; a small
milling cutter.
Fraise
Fraise, v. t. (Mil.) To protect, as a line of troops, against an onset
of cavalry, by opposing bayonets raised obliquely forward. Wilhelm.
Fraised
Fraised (?), a. Fortified with a fraise.
Fraken
Frak"en (?), n. A freckle. [Obs.]
A few fraknes in his face. Chaucer.
Framable
Fram"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being framed.
Framb\'91sia
Fram*b\'91"si*a (?), n. [F. & NL., fr. F. framboise raspberry.] (Med.)
The yaws. See Yaws.
Frame
Frame (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Framed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Framing.]
[OE. framen, fremen, to execute, build, AS. fremman to further,
perform, effect, fr. fram strong, valiant; akin to E. foremost, and
prob. to AS. fram from, Icel. fremja, frama, to further, framr
forward, G. fromm worthy, excellent, pious. See Foremost, From, and
cf. Furnish.]
1. (Arch. & Engin.) To construct by fitting and uniting the several
parts of the skeleton of any structure; specifically, in woodwork, to
put together by cutting parts of one member to fit parts of another.
See Dovetail, Halve, v. t., Miter, Tenon, Tooth, Tusk, Scarf, and
Splice.
2. To originate; to plan; to devise; to contrive; to compose; in a bad
sense, to invent or fabricate, as something false.
How many excellent reasonings are framed in the mind of a man of
wisdom and study in a length of years. I. Watts.
3. To fit to something else, or for some specific end; to adjust; to
regulate; to shape; to conform.
And frame my face to all occasions. Shak.
We may in some measure frame our minds for the reception of
happiness. Landor.
The human mind is framed to be influenced. I. Taylor.
4. To cause; to bring about; to produce. [Obs.]
Fear frames disorder, and disorder wounds. Shak.
5. To support. [Obs. & R.]
That on a staff his feeble steps did frame. Spenser.
6. To provide with a frame, as a picture.
Frame
Frame, v. i.
1. To shape; to arrange, as the organs of speech. [Obs.] Judg. xii. 6.
2. To proceed; to go. [Obs.]
The bauty of this sinful dame Made many princes thither frame.
Shak.
Frame
Frame, n.
1. Anything composed of parts fitted and united together; a fabric; a
structure; esp., the constructional system, whether of timber or
metal, that gives to a building, vessel, etc., its model and strength;
the skeleton of a structure.
These are thy glorius works, Parent of good, Almighty! thine this
universal frame. Milton.
2. The bodily structure; physical constitution; make or build of a
person.
Some bloody passion shakes your very frame. Shak.
No frames could be strong enough to endure it. Prescott.
3. A kind of open case or structure made for admitting, inclosing, or
supporting things, as that which incloses or contains a window, door,
picture, etc.; that on which anything is held or stretched; as: (a)
The skeleton structure which supports the boiler and machinery of a
locomotive upon its wheels. (b) (Founding) A molding box or flask,
which being filled with sand serves as a mold for castings. (c) The
ribs and stretchers of an umbrella or other structure with a fabric
covering. (d) A structure of four bars, adjustable in size, on which
cloth, etc., is stretched for quilting, embroidery, etc. (e) (Hort.) A
glazed portable structure for protecting young plants from frost. (f)
(Print.) A stand to support the type cases for use by the compositor.
4. (Mach.) A term applied, especially in England, to certain machines
built upon or within framework; as, a stocking frame; lace frame;
spinning frame, etc.
5. Form; shape; proportion; scheme; structure; constitution; system;
as, a frameof government.
She that hath a heart of that fine frame To pay this debt of love
but to a brother. Shak.
Put your discourse into some frame. Shak.
6. Particular state or disposition, as of the mind; humor; temper;
mood; as, to be always in a happy frame.
7. Contrivance; the act of devising or scheming. [Obs.]
John the bastard Whose spirits toil in frame of villainies. Shak.
Balloon frame, Cant frames, etc. See under Balloon, Cant, etc. --
Frame building OR house, a building of which the form and support is
made of framed timbers. [U.S.] -- Frame level, a mason's level. --
Frame saw, a thin saw stretched in a frame to give it rigidity.
Framer
Fram"er (?), n. One who frames; as, the framer of a building; the
framers of the Constitution.
Framework
Frame"work` (?), n.
1. The work of framing, or the completed work; the frame or
constructional part of anything; as, the framework of society.
A staunch and solid piece of framework. Milton.
2. Work done in, or by means of, a frame or loom.
Framing
Fram"ing, n.
1. The act, process, or style of putting together a frame, or of
constructing anything; a frame; that which frames.
2. (Arch. & Engin.) A framework, or a sy
Framing chisel (Carp.), a heavy chisel with a socket shank for making
mortises.
Frampel, Frampoid
Fram"pel (?), Fram"poid (?), a. [Also written frampul, frampled,
framfold.] [Cf. W. fframfol passionate, ffrom angry, fretting; or
perh. akin to E. frump.] Peevish; cross; vexatious; quarrelsome.
[Obs.] Shak.
Is Pompey grown so malapert, so frampel? Beau. & Fl.
Franc
Franc (?), n. [F., fr. franc a Franc. See Frank, a.] A silver coin of
France, and since 1795 the unit of the French monetary system. It has
been adopted by Belgium and Swizerland. It is equivalent to about
nineteen cents, or ten pence, and is divided into 100 centimes.
Franchise
Fran"chise (? OR ?; 277), n. [F., fr. franc, fem. franche, free. See
Frank, a.]
1. Exemption from constraint or oppression; freedom; liberty. [Obs.]
Spenser.
2. (LAw) A particular privilege conferred by grant from a sovereign or
a government, and vested in individuals; an imunity or exemption from
ordinary jurisdiction; a constitutional or statutory right or
privilege, esp. the right to vote.
Election by universal suffrage, as modified by the Constitution, is
the one crowning franchise of the American people. W. H. Seward.
3. The district or jurisdiction to which a particular privilege
extends; the limits of an immunity; hence, an asylum or sanctuary.
Churches and mobasteries in Spain are franchises for criminals.
London Encyc.
4. Magnanimity; generosity; liberality; frankness; nobility.
"Franchise in woman." [Obs.] Chaucer.
Elective franchise, the privilege or right of voting in an election of
public officers.
Franchise
Fran"chise, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Franchised (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Franchising.] [Cf. OF. franchir to free, F., to cross.] To make free;
to enfranchise; to give liberty to. Shak.
Franchisement
Fran"chise*ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. franchissement.] Release;
deliverance; freedom. Spenser.
Francic
Fran"cic (?), a. [See Frank, a.] Pertaining to the Franks, or their
language; Frankish.
Franciscan
Fran*cis"can (?), a. [LL. Franciscus Francis: cf. F. franciscain.] (R.
C. Ch.) Belonging to the Order of St. Francis of the Franciscans.
Franciscan Brothers, pious laymen who devote themselves to useful
works, such as manual labor schools, and other educational
institutions; -- called also Brothers of the Third Order of St.
Francis. -- Franciscan Nuns, nuns who follow the rule of t. Francis,
esp. those of the Second Order of St. Francis, -- called also Poor
Clares or Minoresses. -- Franciscan Tertiaries, the Third Order of St.
Francis.
Franciscan
Fran*cis"can, n. (R.C.Ch.) A monk or friar of the Order of St.
Francis, a large and zealous order of mendicant monks founded in 1209
by St. Francis of Assisi. They are called also Friars Minor; and in
England, Gray Friars, because they wear a gray habit.
Francolin
Fran"co*lin (?), n. [F.; cf. It. francolino, Sp. francolin.]
(Zo\'94l.) A spurred partidge of the genus Francolinus and allied
genera, of Asia and Africa. The common species (F. vulgaris) was
formerly common in southern Europe, but is now nearly restricted to
Asia.
Francolite
Fran"co*lite (?), n. (Min.) A variety of apatite from Wheal Franco in
Devonshire.
Frangent
Fran"gent (?), a. [L. frangens, p.pr. of frangere. See Fraction.]
Causing fracture; breaking. [R.] H. Walpole.
Frangibility
Fran`gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. frangibilit\'82.] The state or
quality of being frangible. Fox.
Frangible
Fran"gi*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. frangible.] Capable of being broken;
brittle; fragile; easily broken.
Frangipane
Fran"gi*pane (?), n. [F. frangipane; supposed to be called so from the
inventor, the Marquis Frangipani, major general under Louis XIV.]
1. A perfume of jasmine; frangipani.
2. A species of pastry, containing cream and almonds.
Frangipani, Frangipanni
Fran`gi*pan"i (?), Fran`gi*pan"ni (?), n. [Another spelling of
frangipane.] A perfume derived from, or imitating the odor of, the
flower of the red jasmine, a West Indian tree of the genus Plumeria.
Frangulic, Frangulinic
Fran*gu"lic (?), Fran`gu*lin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or
drived from, frangulin, or a species (Rhamnus Frangula) of the
buckthorn. Frangulinic acid (Chem.), a yellow crystalline substance,
resembling alizarin, and obtained by the decomposition of frangulin.
Frangulin
Fran"gu*lin (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow crystalline dyestuff, regarded as
a glucoside, extracted from a species (Rhamnus Frangula) of the
buckthorn; -- called also rhamnoxanthin.
Franion
Fran"ion (?), n. [Perh. from F. fain\'82ant an idler.] A paramour; a
loose woman; also, a gay, idle fellow. [Obs.] Spenser.
Frank
Frank (?), n. [OF. franc.] A pigsty. [Obs.]
Frank
Frank, v. t. To shut up in a frank or sty; to pen up; hence, to cram;
to fatten. [Obs.] Shak.
Frank
Frank, n. (Zo\'94l.) The common heron; -- so called from its note.
[Prov. Eng.]
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Frank
Frank (?), a. [Compar Franker (?); superl. Frankest.] [F. franc free,
frank, L. Francus a Frank, fr. OHG. Franko the name of a Germanic
people on the Rhine, who afterward founded the French monarchy; cf.
AS. franca javelin, Icel. frakka. Cf. Franc, French, a., Franchise,
n.]
1. Unbounded by restrictions, limitations, etc.; free. [R.] "It is of
frank gift." Spenser.
2. Free in uttering one's real sentiments; not reserved; using no
disguise; candid; ingenuous; as, a frank nature, conversation, manner,
etc.
3. Liberal; generous; profuse. [Obs.]
Frank of civilities that cost them nothing. L'Estrange.
4. Unrestrained; loose; licentious; -- used in a bad sense. Spenser.
Syn. -- Ingenuous; candid; artless; plain; open; unreserved;
undisguised; sincere. See Candid, Ingenuous.
Frank
Frank (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Franked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Franking.]
1. To send by public conveyance free of expense. Dickens.
2. To extempt from charge for postage, as a letter, package, or
packet, etc.
Frank
Frank, n. [See Frank, a.] The privilege of sending letters or other
mail matter, free of postage, or without charge; also, the sign, mark,
or signature denoting that a letter or other mail matter is to free of
postage. <-- = franking privelege -->
I have said so much, that, if I had not a frank, I must burn my
letter and begin again. Cowper.
Frank
Frank, n. [Cf. F. franc. See Frank, a.]
1. (Ethnol.) A member of one of the German tribes that in the fifth
century overran and conquered Gaul, and established the kingdom of
France.
2. A native or inhabitant of Western Europe; a European; -- a term
used in the Levant.
3. A French coin. See Franc.
Frankalmoigne
Frank`al*moigne" (?), n. [F. franc free + Norm. F. almoigne alma,
for almosne, F. aum\'93ne. See Frank, a., and Almoner.] (Eng. Law)
A tenure by which a religious corporation holds lands given to them
and their successors forever, usually on condition of praying for
the soul of the donor and his heirs; -- called also tenure by free
alms. Burrill.
Frank-chase
Frank"-chase` (?), n. [Frank free + chase.] (Eng. Law) The liberty
or franchise of having a chase; free chase. Burrill.
Frank-fee
Frank"-fee` (?), n. [Frank free + fee.] (Eng. Law) A species of
tenure in fee simple, being the opposite of ancient demesne, or
copyhold. Burrill.
Frankfort black
Frank"fort black` (?). A black pigment used in copperplate
printing, prepared by burning vine twigs, the lees of wine, etc.
McElrath.
Frankincense
Frank"in*cense (?), n. [OF. franc free, pure + encens incense.] A
fragrant, aromatic resin, or gum resin, burned as an incense in
religious rites or for medicinal fumigation. The best kinds now
come from East Indian trees, of the genus Boswellia; a commoner
sort, from the Norway spruce (Abies excelsa) and other coniferous
trees. The frankincense of the ancient Jews is still unidentified.
Franking
Frank"ing (?), n. (Carp.) A method of forming a joint at the
intersection of window-sash bars, by cutting away only enough wood
to show a miter.
Frankish
Frank"ish, a. Like, or pertaining to, the Franks.
Frank-law
Frank"-law` (?), n. [Frank free + law.] (Eng. Law) The liberty of
being sworn in courts, as a juror or witness; one of the ancient
privileges of a freeman; free and common law; -- an obsolete
expression signifying substantially the same as the American
expression civil rights. Abbot.
Franklin
Frank"lin (?), n. [OE. frankelein; cf. LL. franchilanus. See Frank,
a.] An English freeholder, or substantial householder. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
The franklin, a small landholder of those days. Sir J. Stephen.
Franklinic
Frank*lin"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Benjamin Franklin.
Franklinic electricity, electricity produced by friction; called also
statical electricity.
Franklinite
Frank"lin*ite (?), n. (Min.) A kind of mineral of the spinel group.
Franklin stove
Frank"lin stove` (?). A kind of open stove introduced by Benjamin
Franklin, the peculiar feature of which was that a current of heated
air was directly supplied to the room from an air box; -- now applied
to other varieties of open stoves.
Frankly
Frank"ly, adv. In a frank manner; freely.
Very frankly he confessed his treasons. Shak.
Syn. -- Openly; ingenuously; plainly; unreservedly; undisguisedly;
sincerely; candidly; artlessly; freely; readily; unhesitatingly;
liberally; willingly.
Frank-marriage
Frank"-mar"riage (?), n. [Frank free + marriage.] (Eng. Law) A certain
tenure in tail special; an estate of inheritance given to a man his
wife (the wife being of the blood of the donor), and descendible to
the heirs of their two bodies begotten. [Obs.] Blackstone.
Frankness
Frank"ness, n. The quality of being frank; candor; openess;
ingenuousness; fairness; liberality.
Frankpledge
Frank"pledge` (?), n. [Frank free + pledge.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) A
pledge or surety for the good behavior of freemen, -- each freeman who
was a member of an ancient decennary, tithing, or friborg, in England,
being a pledge for the good conduct of the others, for the
preservation of the public peace; a free surety. (b) The tithing
itself. Bouvier.
The servants of the crown were not, as now, bound in frankpledge
for each other. Macaulay.
Frantic
Fran"tic (?), a. [OE. frentik, frenetik, F. frentique, L. phreneticus,
from Gr. Frenzy, and cf. Frenetic, Phrenetic.] Mad; raving; furious;
violent; wild and disorderly; distracted.
Die, frantic wretch, for this accursed deed! Shak.
Torrents of frantic abuse. Macaulay.
-- Fran"tic*al*ly (#), adv. -- Fran"tic*ly (#), adv. Shak. --
Fran"tic*ness, n. Johnson.
Frap
Frap (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Frapping.]
[Cf. F. frapper to strike, to seize ropes. Cf. Affrap.]
1. (Naut.) To draw together; to bind with a view to secure and
strengthen, as a vessel by passing cables around it; to tighten; as a
tackle by drawing the lines together. Tottem.
2. To brace by drawing together, as the cords of a drum. Knoght.
Frape
Frape (?), n. [Cf. frap, and Prov. E. frape to scold.] A crowd, a
rabble. [Obs.] ares.
Frapler
Frap"ler (?), n. A blusterer; a rowdy. [Obs.]
Unpolished, a frapler, and base. B. Jonson.
Frater
Fra"ter, n. [L., a brother.] (Eccl.) A monk; also, a frater house.
[R.] Shipley. Frater house, an apartament in a convent used as an
eating room; a refectory; -- called also a fratery.
Fraternal
Fra*ter"nal (?), a.[F. fraternel, LL. fraternalis, fr. L. fraternus,
fr. frater brother. See Brother.] Pf, pertaining to, or involving,
brethren; becoming to brothers; brotherly; as, fraternal affection; a
fraternal embrace. -- Fra*ter"nal*ly, adv.
An abhorred, a cursed, a fraternal war. Milton.
Fraternal love and friendship. Addison.
Fraternate
Fra*ter"nate (?), v. i. To fraternize; to hold fellowship. Jefferson.
Fraternation, Fraternism
Fra`ter*na"tion (?), Fra"ter*nism (?), n. Fraternization. [R.]
Jefferson.
Fraternity
Fra*ter"ni*ty (?), n.; pl. Fraternities (#). [F. fraternit\'82, L.
fraternitas.]
1. The state or quality of being fraternal or brotherly; brotherhood.
2. A body of men associated for their common interest, business, or
pleasure; a company; a brotherhood; a society; in the Roman Catholic
Chucrch, an association for special religious purposes, for relieving
the sick and destitute, etc.
3. Men of the same class, profession, occupation, character, or
tastes.
With what terms of respect knaves and sots will speak of their own
fraternity! South.
Fraternization
Fra`ter*ni*za"tion (? OR ?), n. The act of fraternizing or uniting as
brothers.
I hope that no French fraternization . . . could so change the
hearts of Englishmen. Burke.
Fraternize
Fra"ter*nize (? OR ?; 277), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fraternized (#); p.
pr. & vb. n.. Fraternizing (#).] [Cf. F. fraterniser.] To associate or
hold fellowship as brothers, or as men of like occupation or
character; to have brotherly feelings.
Fraternize
Fra"ter*nize, v. t. To bring into fellowship or brotherly sympathy.
Correspondence for fraternizing the two nations. Burke.
Fraternizer
Frat"er*ni`zer (?; 277), n. One who fraternizes. Burke.
Fratery
Fra"ter*y (? OR ?), n. [L. frater brother: cf. It. frateria a
brotherhood of monks. See Friar.] A frater house. See under Frater.
<-- Frat house. Short for fraternity house, a building owned by a
college fraternity in which members may live. -->
Fratrage
Fra"trage (? OR ?; 48), n. [L. frater a brother.] (Law) A sharing
among brothers, or brothers' kin. [Obs.] Crabb.
Fratricelli
Fra`tri*cel"li (?), n. pl. [It. fraticelli, lit., little brothers,
dim. fr. frate brother, L. frater.] (Eccl. Hist.) (a) The name which
St. Francis of Assisi gave to his followers, early in the 13th
century. (b) A sect which seceded from the Franciscan Order, chiefly
in Italy and Sicily, in 1294, repudiating the pope as an apostate,
maintaining the duty of celibacy and poverty, and discountenancing
oaths. Called also Fratricellians and Fraticelli.
Fratricidal
Frat"ri*ci`dal (?), a. Of or pertaining to fratricide; of the nature
of fratricide.
Fratricide
Frat"ri*cide (?), n. [L. fratricidium a brother's murder, fr.
fratricida a brother's murderer; frater, fratris, brother + caedere to
kill: cf. F. fratricide.]
1. The act of one who murders or kills his own brother.
2. [L. fratricida: cf. F. fratricide.] One who murders or kills his
own brother.
Fraud
Fraud (?), n. [F. fraude, L. fraus, fraudis; prob. akin to Skr. dh to
injure, dhv to cause to fall, and E. dull.]
1. Deception deliberately practiced with a view to gaining an unlawful
or unfair advantage; artifice by which the right or interest of
another is injured; injurious stratagem; deceit; trick.
If success a lover's toil attends, Few ask, if fraud or force
attained his ends. Pope.
2. (Law) An intentional perversion of truth for the purpose of
obtaining some valuable thing or promise from another.
3. A trap or snare. [Obs.]
To draw the proud King Ahab into fraud. Milton.
Constructive fraud (Law), an act, statement, or omission which
operates as a fraud, although perhaps not intended to be such. Mozley
& W. -- Pious fraud (Ch. Hist.), a fraud contrived and executed to
benefit the church or accomplish some good end, upon the theory that
the end justified the means. -- Statute of frauds (Law), an English
statute (1676), the principle of which is incorporated in the
legislation of all the States of this country, by which writing with
specific solemnities (varying in the several statutes) is required to
give efficacy to certain dispositions of property. Wharton. Syn. --
Deception; deceit; guile; craft; wile; sham; strife; circumvention;
stratagem; trick; imposition; cheat. See Deception.
Fraudful
Fraud"ful (?), a. Full of fraud, deceit, or treachery; trickish;
treacherous; fraudulent; -- applied to persons or things. I. Taylor.
-- Fraud"ful*ly, adv.
Fraudless
Fraud"less, a. Free from fraud. -- Fraud"less*ly, adv. --
Fraud"less*ness, n.
Fraudulence; 135, Fraudulency
Fraud"u*lence (?; 135), Fraud"u*len*cy (?), n. [L. fraudulentia.] The
quality of being fraudulent; deliberate deceit; trickishness. Hooker.
Fraudulent
Fraud"u*lent (?), a. [L. fraudulentus, fr. fraus, fraudis, frand: cf.
F. fraudulent.]
1. Using fraud; trickly; deceitful; dishonest.
2. Characterized by,, founded on, or proceeding from, fraund; as, a
fraudulent bargain.
He, with serpent tongue, . . . His fraudulent temptation thus
began. Milton.
3. Obtained or performed by artifice; as, fraudulent conquest. Milton.
Syn. -- Deceitful; fraudful; guileful; crafty; wily; cunning; subtle;
deceiving; cheating; deceptive; insidious; treacherous; dishonest;
designing; unfair.
Frauulently
Frau"u*lent*ly (?), adv. In a fraudulent manner.
Fraught
Fraught (?), n. [OE.fraight, fraght; akin to Dan. fragt, Sw. frakt, D.
vracht, G. fracht, cf. OHG. fr merit, reward; perh. from corresponding
to E. for + The root of E. own. Cf. Freight.] A freight; a cargo.
[Obs.] Shak.
Fraught
Fraught, a. Freighted; laden; filled; stored; charged.
A vessel of our country richly fraught. Shak.
A discourse fraught with all the commending excellences oSouth.
Enterprises fraught with world-wide benefits. I. Taylor.
Fraught
Fraught, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fraughted or Fraught; p. pr. & vb. n.
Fraughting.] [Akin to Dan. fragte, Sw. frakta, D. bevrachten, G.
frachten, cf. OHG. fr&emac;ht&omac;n to deserve. See Fraught, n.] To
freight; to load; to burden; to fill; to crowd. [Obs.]
Upon the tumbling billows fraughted ride The armed ships. Fairfax.
Fraughtage
Fraught"age (?; 48), n. Freight; loading; cargo. [Obs.] Shak.
Fraughting
Fraught"ing, a. Constituting the freight or cargo. [Obs.] "The
fraughting souls within her." Shak.
Fraunhofer lines
Fraun"ho*fer lines` (?). (Physics.) The lines of the spectrun;
especially and properly, the dark lines of the solar spectrum, so
called because first accurately observed and interpreted by
Fraunhofer, a German physicist.
Fraxin
Frax"in (?), n. [From Fraxinus.] (Chem.) A colorless crystalline
substance, regarded as a glucoside, and found in the bark of the ash
(Fraxinus) and along with esculin in the bark of the horse-chestnut.
It shows a delicate fluorescence in alkaline solutions; -- called also
paviin.
Fraxinus
Frax"i*nus (?), n. [L., the ash tree.] (Bot.) A genus of deciduous
forest trees, found in the north temperate zone, and including the
true ash trees.
NOTE: &hand; Fr axinus excelsior is the European ash; F. Americana,
the white ash; F. sambucifolia, the black ash or water ash.
Fray
Fray (?), n. [Abbreviated from affray.] Affray; broil; contest;
combat.
Who began this bloody fray? Shak.
Fray
Fray, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fraying.] [See
1st Fray, and cf. Affray.] To frighten; to terrify; to alarm. I.
Taylor.
What frays ye, that were wont to comfort me affrayed? Spenser.
Fray
Fray, v. t. [Cf. OF. fraier. See Defray, v. t.] To bear the expense
of; to defray. [Obs.]
The charge of my most curious and costly ingredients frayed, I
shall acknowledge myself amply satisfied. Massinger.
Fray
Fray, v. t. [OF. freier, fraier, froier, to rub. L. fricare; cf.
friare to crumble, E. friable; perh. akin to Gr. gh to rub, scratch.
Cf. Friction.] To rub; to wear off, or wear into shreds, by rubbing;
to fret, as cloth; as, a deer is said to fray her head.
Fray
Fray, v. i.
1. To rub.
We can show the marks he made When 'gainst the oak his antlers
frayed. Sir W. Scott.
2. To wear out or into shreads, or to suffer injury by rubbing, as
when the threads of the warp or of the woof wear off so that the cross
threads are loose; to ravel; as, the cloth frays badly.
A suit of frayed magnificience. tennyson.
Fray
Fray, n. A fret or chafe, as in cloth; a place injured by rubbing.
Fraying
Fray"ing, n. (Zo\'94l.) The skin which a deer frays from his horns. B.
Jonson.
Freak
Freak (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Freaking.]
[Akin to OE. frakin, freken, freckle, Icel. freknur, pl., Sw.
fr\'84kne, Dan. fregne, Gr. p&rsdot;&cced;ni variegated. Cf. Freckle,
Freck.] To variegate; to checker; to streak. [R.]
Freaked with many a mingled hue. Thomson.
Freak
Freak, n. [Prob. from OE. frek bold, AS. frec bold, greedly; akin to
OHG. freh greedly, G. frech insolent, Icel. frekr greedly, Goth.
fa\'a1hufriks avaricious.] A sudden causeless change or turn of the
mind; a whim of fancy; a capricious prank; a vagary or caprice.
She is restless and peevish, and sometimes in a freak will
instantly change her habitation. Spectator.
Syn. -- Whim; caprice; folly; sport. See Whim.
Freaking
Freak"ing, a. Freakish. [Obs.] Pepys.
Freakish
Freak"ish, a. Apt to change the mind suddenly; whimsical; capricious.
It may be a question whether the wife or the woman was the more
freakish of the two. L'Estrange.
Freakish when well, and fretful when she's sick. Pope.
-- Freak"ish*ly, adv. -- Freak"ish*ness, n.
Freck
Freck (?), v. t. [Cf. Freak, v. t., Freckle.] To checker; to
diversify. [R. & Poet.]
The painted windows, frecking gloom with glow. Lowell.
Freckle
Freck"le (?), n. [Dim., from the same root as freak, v. t.]
1. A small yellowish or brownish spot in the skin, particularly on the
face, neck, or hands.
2. Any small spot or discoloration.
Freckle
Frec"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freckled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Freckling
(?).] To spinkle or mark with freckle or small discolored spots; to
spot.
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Freckle
Frec"kle (?), v. i. To become covered or marked with freckles; to be
spotted.
Frackled
Frac"kled (?), a. Marked with freckles; spotted. "The freckled trout."
Dryden.
The freckled cowslip, burnet, and green clover. Shak.
Freckledness
Frec"kled*ness (?), n. The state of being freckled.
Freckly
Frec"kly (?), a. Full of or marked with freckles; sprinkled with
spots; freckled.
Fred
Fred (?), n. [AS. fri peace. See Frith inclosure.] Peace; -- a word
used in composition, especially in proper names; as, Alfred; Frederic.
Fredstole
Fred"stole` (?), n. [Obs.] See Fridstol. Fuller.
Free
Free (?), a. [Compar. Freer (?); superl. Freest (?).] [OE. fre, freo,
AS. fre\'a2, fr\'c6; akin to D. vrij, OS. & OHG. fr\'c6, G. frei,
Icel. fr\'c6, Sw. & Dan. fri, Goth. freis, and also to Skr. prija
beloved, dear, fr. pr\'c6 to love, Goth. frij. Cf. Affray, Belfry,
Friday, Friend, Frith inclosure.]
1. Exempt from subjection to the will of others; not under restraint,
control, or compulsion; able to follow one's own impulses, desires, or
inclinations; determining one's own course of action; not dependent;
at liberty.
That which has the power, or not the power, to operate, is that
alone which is or is not free. Locke.
2. Not under an arbitrary or despotic government; subject only to
fixed laws regularly and fairly administered, and defended by them
from encroachments upon natural or acquired rights; enjoying political
liberty.
3. Liberated, by arriving at a certain age, from the control of
parents, guardian, or master.
4. Not confined or imprisoned; released from arrest; liberated; at
liberty to go.
Set an unhappy prisoner free. Prior.
5. Not subjected to the laws of physical necessity; capable of
voluntary activity; endowed with moral liberty; -- said of the will.
Not free, what proof could they have given sincere Of true
allegiance, constant faith, or love. Milton.
6. Clear of offense or crime; guiltless; innocent.
My hands are guilty, but my heart is free. Dryden.
7. Unconstrained by timidity or distrust; unreserved; ingenuous;
frank; familiar; communicative.
He was free only with a few. Milward.
8. Unrestrained; immoderate; lavish; licentious; -- used in a bad
sense.
The critics have been very free in their censures. Felton.
A man may live a free life as to wine or women. Shelley.
9. Not close or parsimonious; liberal; open-handed; lavish; as, free
with his money.
10. Exempt; clear; released; liberated; not encumbered or troubled
with; as, free from pain; free from a burden; -- followed by from, or,
rarely, by of.
Princes declaring themselves free from the obligations of their
treaties. Bp. Burnet.
11. Characteristic of one acting without restraint; charming; easy.
12. Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited; as, a
free horse.
13. Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain
immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; -- followed by
of.
He therefore makes all birds, of every sect, Free of his farm.
Dryden.
14. Thrown open, or made accessible, to all; to be enjoyed without
limitations; unrestricted; not obstructed, engrossed, or appropriated;
open; -- said of a thing to be possessed or enjoyed; as, a free
school.
Why, sir, I pray, are not the streets as free For me as for you?
Shak.
15. Not gained by importunity or purchase; gratuitous; spontaneous;
as, free admission; a free gift.
16. Not arbitrary or despotic; assuring liberty; defending individual
rights against encroachment by any person or class; instituted by a
free people; -- said of a government, institutions, etc.
17. (O. Eng. Law) Certain or honorable; the opposite of base; as, free
service; free socage. Burrill.
18. (Law) Privileged or individual; the opposite of common; as, a free
fishery; a free warren. Burrill.
19. Not united or combined with anything else; separated; dissevered;
unattached; at liberty to escape; as, free carbonic acid gas; free
cells.
Free agency, the capacity or power of choosing or acting freely, or
without necessity or constraint upon the will. -- Free bench (Eng.
Law), a widow's right in the copyhold lands of her husband,
corresponding to dower in freeholds. -- Free board (Naut.), a vessel's
side between water line and gunwale. -- Free bond (Chem.), an
unsaturated or unemployed unit, or bond, of affinity or valence, of an
atom or radical. -- Free-borough men (O.Eng. Law). See Friborg. --
Free chapel (Eccles.), a chapel not subject to the jurisdiction of the
ordinary, having been founded by the king or by a subject specially
authorized. [Eng.] Bouvier. -- Free charge (Elec.), a charge of
electricity in the free or statical condition; free electricity. --
Free church. (a) A church whose sittings are for all and without
charge. (b) An ecclesiastical body that left the Church of Scotland,
in 1843, to be free from control by the government in spiritual
matters. -- Free city, OR Free town, a city or town independent in its
government and franchises, as formerly those of the Hanseatic league.
-- Free cost, freedom from charges or expenses. South. -- Free and
easy, unconventional; unrestrained; regardless of formalities.
[Colloq.] "Sal and her free and easy ways." W. Black. -- Free goods,
goods admitted into a country free of duty. -- Free labor, the labor
of freemen, as distinguished from that of slaves. -- Free port. (Com.)
(a) A port where goods may be received and shipped free of custom
duty. (b) A port where goods of all kinds are received from ships of
all nations at equal rates of duty. -- Free public house, in England,
a tavern not belonging to a brewer, so that the landlord is free to
brew his own beer or purchase where he chooses. Simmonds. -- Free
school. (a) A school to which pupils are admitted without
discrimination and on an equal footing. (b) A school supported by
general taxation, by endowmants, etc., where pupils pay nothing for
tuition; a public school. -- Free services (O.Eng. Law), such feudal
services as were not unbecoming the character of a soldier or a
freemen to perform; as, to serve under his lord in war, to pay a sum
of money, etc. Burrill. -- Free ships, ships of neutral nations, which
in time of war are free from capture even though carrying enemy's
goods. -- Free socage (O.Eng. Law), a feudal tenure held by certain
services which, though honorable, were not military. Abbott. -- Free
States, those of the United States before the Civil War, in which
slavery had ceased to exist, or had never existed. -- Free stuff
(Carp.), timber free from knots; clear stuff. -- Free thought, that
which is thought independently of the authority of others. -- Free
trade, commerce unrestricted by duties or tariff regulations. -- Free
trader, one who believes in free trade. -- To make free with, to take
liberties with; to help one's self to. [Colloq.] -- To sail free
(Naut.), to sail with the yards not braced in as sharp as when sailing
closehauled, or close to the wind.
Free
Free (?), adv.
1. Freely; willingly. [Obs.]
I as free forgive you As I would be forgiven. Shak.
2. Without charge; as, children admitted free.
Free
Free, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Freeing.] [OE.
freen, freoien, AS. fre\'a2gan. See Free, a.]
1. To make free; to set at liberty; to rid of that which confines,
limits, embarrasses, oppresses, etc.; to release; to disengage; to
clear; -- followed by from, and sometimes by off; as, to free a
captive or a slave; to be freed of these inconveniences. Clarendon.
Our land is from the rage of tigers freed. Dryden.
Arise, . . . free thy people from their yoke. Milton.
2. To remove, as something that confines or bars; to relieve from the
constraint of.
This master key Frees every lock, and leads us to his person.
Dryden.
3. To frank. [Obs.] Johnson.
Freebooter
Free"boot`er (?), n. [D. vrijbuiter, fr. vrijbuiten to plunder; vrij
free + buit booty, akin to E. booty. See Free, and Booty, and cf.
Filibuster.] One who plunders or pillages without the authority of
national warfare; a member of a predatory band; a pillager; a
buccaneer; a sea robber. Bacon.
Freebootery
Free"boot`er*y (?), n. The act, practice, or gains of a freebooter;
freebooting. Booth.
Freebooting
Free"boot`ing, n. Robbery; plunder; a pillaging.
Freebooting
Free"boot`ing, a. Acting the freebooter; practicing freebootery;
robbing.
Your freebooting acquaintance. Sir W. Scott.
Freebooty
Free"boot`y (?), n. Freebootery. [Obs.]
Freeborn
Free"born` (?), a. Born free; not born in vasssalage; inheriting
freedom.
Free-denizen
Free"-den`i*zen (?), v. t. To make free. [R.]
Freedman
Freed"man (?), n.; pl. Freedmen (. A man who has been a slave, and has
been set free.
Freedom
Free"dom (?), n. [AS. fre\'a2d; fre\'a2free + -dom. See Free, and
-dom.]
1. The state of being free; exemption from the power and control of
another; liberty; independence.
Made captive, yet deserving freedom more. Milton.
2. Privileges; franchises; immunities.
Your charter and your caty's freedom. Shak.
3. Exemption from necessity, in choise and action; as, the freedom of
the will.
4. Ease; facility; as, he speaks or acts with freedom.
5. Frankness; openness; unreservedness.
I emboldened spake and freedom used. Milton.
6. Improper familiarity; violation of the rules of decorum; license.
7. Generosity; liberality. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Freedom fine, a sum paid on entry to incorporations of trades. --
Freedom of the city, the possession of the rights and privileges of a
freeman of the city; formerly often, and now occasionally, conferred
on one not a resident, as a mark of honorary distinction for public
services. Syn. -- See Liberty.
Freedstool
Freed"stool` (?), n. [Obs.] See Fridstol.
Free-hand
Free"-hand` (?), a. Done by the hand, without support, or the guidance
of instruments; as, free-hand drawing. See under Drawing.
Free-handed
Free"-hand`ed, a. Open-handed; liberal.
Free-hearted
Free"-heart`ed (?), a. Open; frank; unreserved; liberal; generous; as,
free-hearted mirth. -- Free"-heart`ed*ly, adv. -- Free"-heart`ed*ness,
n.
Freehold
Free"hold` (?), n. (LAw) An estate in real property, of inheritance
(in fee simple or fee tail) or for life; or the tenure by which such
estate is held. Kent. Burrill. To abate into a freehold. See under
Abate.
Freeholder
Free"hold`er (?), n. (Law) The possessor of a freehold.
Free-liver
Free"-liv`er (?), n. One who gratifies his appetites without stint;
one given to indulgence in eating and drinking.
Free-living
Free"-liv`ing, n. Unrestrained indulgence of the appetites.
Free-love
Free"-love` (?), n. The doctrine or practice of consorting with the
opposite sex, at pleasure, without marriage.
Free-lover
Free"-lov`er, n. One who believes in or practices free-love.
Freelte
Freel"te (?), n. Frailty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Freely
Free"ly, adv. [AS. fre\'a2lice.] In a free manner; without restraint
or compulsion; abundantly; gratuitously.
Of every tree of the garden thou mayst freely eat. Gen. ii. 16.
Freely ye have received, freely give. Matt. x. 8.
Freely they stood who stood, and fell who fell. Milton.
Freely we serve Because we freely love. Milton.
Syn. -- Independently; voluntarily; spontaneously; unconditionally;
unobstructedly; willingly; readily; liberally; generously;
bounteously; munificently; bountifully; abundantly; largely;
copiously; plentifully; plenteously.
Freeman
Free"man (?), n.; pl. Freemen (#). [AS. fre\'a2man; fre\'a2free + mann
man.]
1. One who enjoys liberty, or who is not subject to the will of
another; one not a slave or vassal.
2. A member of a corporation, company, or city, possessing certain
privileges; a member of a borough, town, or State, who has the right
to vote at elections. See Liveryman. Burrill.
Both having been made freemen on the same day. Addison.
Free-martin
Free"-mar`tin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An imperfect female calf, twinborn
with a male.
Freemason
Free"ma`son (?), n. One of an ancient and secret association or
fraternity, said to have been at first composed of masons or builders
in stone, but now consisting of persons who are united for social
enjoyment and mutual assistance.
Freemasonic
Free`ma*son"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, the institutions
or the practices of freemasons; as, a freemasonic signal.
Freemasonry
Free"ma`son*ry (?), n. The institutions or the practices of
freemasons.
Free-milling
Free"-mill`ing (?), a. Yielding free gold or silver; -- said of
certain ores which can be reduced by crushing and amalgamation,
without roasting or other chemical treatment. Raymond.
Free-minded
Free"-mind`ed (?), a. Not perplexed; having a mind free from care.
Bacon.
Freeness
Free"ness, n. The state or quality of being free; freedom; liberty;
openness; liberality; gratuitousness.
Freer
Fre"er (?), n. One who frees, or sets free.
Free-soil
Free"-soil` (?), a. Pertaining to, or advocating, the non-extension of
slavery; -- esp. applied to a party which was active during the period
1846-1856. [U.S.] -- Free"soil`er (#), n. [U.S.] -- Free"-soil`ism
(#), n. [U.S.]
Free-spoken
Free"-spo`ken (?), a. Accustomed to speak without reserve. Bacon. --
Free"-spo`ken-ness, n.
Freestone
Free"stone` (?), n. A stone composed of sand or grit; -- so called
because it is easily cut or wrought.
Freestone
Free"stone`, a. Having the flesh readily separating from the stone, as
in certain kinds of peaches.
Free-swimming
Free"-swim`ming (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Swimming in the open sea; -- said
of certain marine animals.
Freethinker
Free"think`er (?), n. One who speculates or forms opinions
independently of the authority of others; esp., in the sphere or
religion, one who forms opinions independently of the authority of
revelation or of the church; an unbeliever; -- a term assumed by
deists and skeptics in the eighteenth century.
Atheist is an old-fashioned word: I'm a freethinker, child.
Addison.
Syn. -- Infidel; skeptic; unbeliever. See Infidel.
Freethinking
Free"think`ing, n. Undue boldness of speculation; unbelief. Berkeley.
-- a. Exhibiting undue boldness of speculation; skeptical.
Free-tongued
Free"-tongued` (?), a. Speaking without reserve. Bp. Hall.
Free will
Free will (?).
1. A will free from improper coercion or restraint.
To come thus was I not constrained, but did On my free will. Shak.
2. The power asserted of moral beings of willing or choosing without
the restraints of physical or absolute necessity.
Freewill
Free"will` (?), a. Of or pertaining to free will; voluntary;
spontaneous; as, a freewill offering. Frewill Baptists. See under
Baptist.
Freezable
Freez"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being frozen.
Freeze
Freeze (?), n. (Arch.) A frieze. [Obs.]
Freeze
Freeze, v. i. [imp. Froze (?); p. p. Frozen (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Freezing.] [OE. fresen, freosen, AS. fre\'a2san; akin to D. vriezen,
OHG. iosan, G. frieren, Icel. frjsa, Sw. frysa, Dan. fryse, Goth.
frius cold, frost, and prob. to L. prurire to itch, E. prurient, cf.
L. prna a burning coal, pruina hoarfrost, Skr. prushv\'be ice, prush
to spirt. Frost.]
1. To become congealed by cold; to be changed from a liquid to a solid
state by the abstraction of heat; to be hardened into ice or a like
solid body.
NOTE: &hand; Wa ter fr eezes at 32 ° ab ove ze ro by Fahrenheit's
thermometer; mercury freezes at 40° below zero.
2. To become chilled with cold, or as with cold; to suffer loss of
animation or life by lack of heat; as, the blood freezes in the veins.
To freeze up (Fig.), to become formal and cold in demeanor. [Colloq.]
Freeze
Freeze, v. t.
1. To congeal; to harden into ice; to convert from a fluid to a solid
form by cold, or abstraction of heat.
2. To cause loss of animation or life in, from lack of heat; to give
the sensation of cold to; to chill.
A faint, cold fear runs through my veins, That almost freezes up
the heat of life. Shak.
Freeze
Freeze, n. The act of congealing, or the state of being congealed.
[Colloq.]
Freezer
Freez"er (?), n. One who, or that which, cools or freezes, as a
refrigerator, or the tub and can used in the process of freezing ice
cream.
Freezing
Freez"ing, a. Tending to freeze; for freezing; hence, cold or distant
in manner. -- Frrez"ing*ly, adv. Freezing machine. See Ice machine,
under Ice. -- Freezing mixture, a mixture (of salt and snow or of
chemical salts) for producing intense cold. -- Freezing point, that
degree of a thermometer at which a fluid begins to freeze; -- applied
particularly to water, whose freezing point is at 32° Fahr., and at 0°
Centigrade.
Freieslebenite
Frei"es*le`ben*ite (?), n. [Named after the German chemist
Freiesleben.] A sulphide of antimony, lead, and silver, occuring in
monoclinic crystals.
Freight
Freight (?), n. [F. fret, OHG. fr merit, reward. See Fraught, n.]
1. That with which anything in fraught or laden for transportation;
lading; cargo, especially of a ship, or a car on a railroad, etc.; as,
a freight of cotton; a full freight.
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2. (Law) (a) The sum paid by a party hiring a ship or part of a ship
for the use of what is thus hired. (b) The price paid a common carrier
for the carriage of goods. Wharton.
3. Freight transportation, or freight line.
Freight
Freight (?), a. Employed in the transportation of freight; having to
do with freight; as, a freight car. Freight agent, a person employed
by a transportation company to receive, forward, or deliver goods. --
Freight car. See under Car. -- Freight train, a railroad train made up
of freight cars; -- called in England goods train.
Freight
Freight, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Freighting.]
[Cf. F. freter.] To load with goods, as a ship, or vehicle of any
kind, for transporting them from one place to another; to furnish with
freight; as, to freight a ship; to freight a car.
Freightage
Freight"age (?), n.
1. Charge for transportation; expense of carriage.
2. The transportation of freight.
3. Freight; cargo; lading. Milton.
Freighter
Freight"er (?), n.
1. One who loads a ship, or one who charters and loads a ship.
2. One employed in receiving and forwarding freight.
3. One for whom freight is transported.
4. A vessel used mainly to carry freight.
Freightless
Freight"less, a. Destitute of freight.
Frelte
Frel"te (?), n. Frailty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Fremd, Fremed
Fremd (?), Frem"ed (?) a. [OE., from AS. fremede, fremde; akin to G.
fremd.] Strange; foreign. [Old Eng. & Scot.] Chaucer.
Fren
Fren (?), n. [OE. frenne, contr. fr. forrene foreign. See Foreign, a.]
A stranger. [Obs.] Spenser.
French
French (?), a. [AS. frencisc, LL. franciscus, from L. Francus a Frank:
cf. OF. franceis, franchois, fran, F. franFrank, a., and cf.
Frankish.] Of or pertaining to France or its inhabitants. French bean
(Bot.), the common kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). -- French berry
(Bot.), the berry of a species of buckthorn (Rhamnus catharticus),
which affords a saffron, green or purple pigment. -- French casement
(Arch.) See French window, under Window. -- French chalk (Min.), a
variety of granular talc; -- used for drawing lines on cloth, etc. See
under Chalk. -- French cowslip (Bot.) The Primula Auricula. See
Bear's-ear. -- French fake (Naut.), a mode of coiling a rope by
running it backward and forward in parallel bends, so that it may run
freely. -- French honeysuckle (Bot.) a plant of the genus Hedysarum
(H. coronarium); -- called also garland honeysuckle. -- French horn, a
metallic wind instrument, consisting of a long tube twisted into
circular folds and gradually expanding from the mouthpiece to the end
at which the sound issues; -- called in France cor de chasse. --
French leave, an informal, hasty, or secret departure; esp., the
leaving a place without paying one's debts. -- French pie [French
(here used in sense of "foreign") + pie a magpie (in allusion to its
black and white color)] (Zo\'94l.), the European great spotted
woodpecker (Dryobstes major); -- called also wood pie. -- French
polish. (a) A preparation for the surface of woodwork, consisting of
gums dissolved in alcohol, either shellac alone, or shellac with other
gums added. (b) The glossy surface produced by the application of the
above. -- French purple, a dyestuff obtained from lichens and used for
coloring woolen and silken fabrics, without the aid of mordants. Ure.
-- French red rouge. -- French rice, amelcorn. -- French roof (Arch.),
a modified form of mansard roof having a nearly flat deck for the
upper slope. -- French tub, a dyer's mixture of protochloride of tin
and logwood; -- called also plum tub. Ure. -- French window. See under
Window.
French
French, n.
1. The language spoken in France.
2. Collectively, the people of France.
Frenchify
French"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frenchified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Frenchifying.] [French + -fy.] To make French; to infect or imbue with
the manners or tastes of the French; to Gallicize. Burke.
Frenchism
French"ism (?), n. A French mode or characteristic; an idiom peculiar
to the French language. Earle.
Frenchman
French"man (?), n.; pl. Frenchmen (. A native or one of the people of
France.
Frenetir
Fre*net"ir (?), a. [See Frantic, a.] Distracted; mad; frantic;
phrenetic. Milton.
Frenetical
Fre*net"ic*al (?), a. Frenetic; frantic; frenzied. -- Frenet"ic*al*ly,
adv.
Frenum
Fre"num (?), n.; pl. E. Frenums (#), L. Frena (#). [L., a bridle.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A cheek stripe of color.
2. (Anat.) Same as Fr\'91num.
Frenzical
Fren"zi*cal (?), a. Frantic. [Obs.] Orrery.
Frenzied
Fren"zied (?), p. p. & a. Affected with frenzy; frantic; maddened. --
Fren"zied-ly, adv.
The people frenzied by centuries of oppression. Buckle.
Up starting with a frenzied look. Sir W Scott.
Frenzy
Fren"zy (?), n.; pl. Frenzies (#). [OE. frenesie, fransey, F.
fr\'82n\'82sie, L. phrenesis, fr. Gr. Frantic, Phrenitis.] Any violent
agitation of the mind approaching to distraction; violent and
temporary derangement of the mental faculties; madness; rage.
All else is towering frenzy and distraction. Addison.
The poet's eye in a fine frenzy rolling. Shak.
Syn. -- Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangment; alienation; aberration;
delirium. See Insanity.
Frenzy
Fren"zy, a. Mad; frantic. [R.]
They thought that some frenzy distemper had got into his head.
Bunyan.
Frenzy
Fren"zy, v. t. To affect with frenzy; to drive to madness [R.]
"Frenzying anguish." Southey.
Frequence
Fre"quence (?), n. [See Frequency.]
1. A crowd; a throng; a concourse. [Archaic.] Tennyson.
2. Frequency; abundance. [R.] Bp. Hall.
Frequency
Fre"quen*cy (?), n.; pl. Frequencies (#). [L. frequentia numerous
attendance, multitude: cf. F. fr\'82quence. See Frequent.]
1. The condition of returning frequently; occurrence often repeated;
common occurence; as, the frequency of crimes; the frequency of
miracles.
The reasons that moved her to remove were, because Rome was a place
of riot and luxury, her soul being almost stifled with, the
frequencies of ladies' visits. Fuller.
2. A crowd; a throng. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Frequent
Fre"quent (?), a. [L. frequens, -entis, crowded, frequent, akin to
farcire to stuff: cf. F. fr\'82quent. Cf. Farce, n.]
1. Often to be met with; happening at short intervals; often repeated
or occurring; as, frequent visits. "Frequent feudal towers." Byron.
2. Addicted to any course of conduct; inclined to indulge in any
practice; habitual; persistent.
He has been loud and frequent in declaring himself hearty for the
government. Swift.
3. Full; crowded; thronged. [Obs.]
'T is C\'91sar's will to have a frequent senate. B. Jonson.
4. Often or commonly reported. [Obs.]
'T is frequent in the city he hath subdued The Catti and the Daci.
Massinger.
Frequent
Fre*quent" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frequented; p. pr. & vb. n.
Frequenting.] [L. frequentare: cf. F. fr\'82quenter. See Frequent, a.]
1. To visit often; to resort to often or habitually.
He frequented the court of Augustus. Dryden.
2. To make full; to fill. [Obs.]
With their sighs the air Frequenting, sent from hearts contrite.
Milton.
Frequentable
Fre*quent"a*ble (?), a. Accessible. [R.] Sidney.
Frequentage
Fre*quent"age (?), n. The practice or habit of frequenting. [R.]
Southey.
Frequentation
Fre"quen*ta"tion (?), n. [L. frequentatio a crowding together,
frequency: cf. F. fr\'82quentation.] The act or habit of frequenting
or visiting often; resort. Chesterfield.
Frequentative
Fre*quent"a*tive (?), a. [L. frequentativus: cf. F. fr\'82quentatif.]
(Gram.) Serving to express the frequent repetition of an action; as, a
frequentative verb. -- n. A frequentative verb.
Frequenter
Fre*quent*er (?), n. One who frequents; one who often visits, or
resorts to customarily.
Frequently
Fre*quent*ly (?), adv. At frequent or short intervals; many times;
often; repeatedly; commonly.
Frequentness
Fre"quent*ness, n. The quality of being frequent.
Fr\'8are
Fr\'8are (?), n. [F. See Friar.] A friar. Chaucer.
Frescade
Fres"cade (?), n. [See Fresco, Fresh, a.] A cool walk; shady place.
[R.] Maunder.
Fresco
Fres"co (?), n.; pl. Frescoes or Frescos (#). [It., fr. fresco fresh;
of German origin. See Fresh, a.]
1. A cool, refreshing state of the air; duskiness; coolness; shade.
[R.] Prior.
2. (Fine Arts) (a) The art of painting on freshly spread plaster,
before it dries. (b) In modern parlance, incorrectly applied to
painting on plaster in any manner. (c) A painting on plaster in either
of senses a and b.
Fresco
Fres"co, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frescoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Frescoing.]
To paint in fresco, as walls.
Fresh
Fresh (?), a. [Compar. Fresher (; superl. Freshest.] [OE. fresch, AS.
fersc; akin to D. versch, G. frisch, OHG. frisc, Sw. frisk, Dan.
frisk, fersk, Icel. fr frisky, brisk, ferskr fresh; cf. It. fresco,
OF. fres, freis, fem. freske, fresche, F. frais, fem. fra, which are
of German origin. Cf. Fraischeur, Fresco, Frisk.]
1. Possessed of original life and vigor; new and strong; unimpaired;
sound.
2. New; original; additional. "Fear of fresh mistakes." Sir W. Scott.
A fresh pleasure in every fresh posture of the limbs. Landor.
3. Lately produced, gathered, or prepared for market; not stale; not
dried or preserved; not wilted, faded, or tainted; in good condition;
as, fresh vegetables, flowers, eggs, meat, fruit, etc.; recently made
or obtained; occurring again; repeated; as, a fresh supply of goods;
fresh tea, raisins, etc.; lately come or made public; as, fresh news;
recently taken from a well or spring; as, fresh water.
4. Youthful; florid; as, these fresh nymphs. Shak.
5. In a raw, green, or untried state; uncultivated; uncultured;
unpracticed; as, a fresh hand on a ship.
6. Renewed in vigor, alacrity, or readiness for action; as, fresh for
a combat; hence, tending to renew in vigor; rather strong; cool or
brisk; as, a fresh wind.
7. Not salt; as, fresh water, in distinction from that which is from
the sea, or brackish; fresh meat, in distinction from that which is
pickled or salted.
Fresh breeze (Naut.), a breeze between a moderate and a strong breeze;
one blowinq about twenty miles an hour. -- Fresh gale, a gale blowing
about forty-five miles an hour. -- Fresh way (Naut.), increased speed.
Syn. -- Sound; unimpaired; recent; unfaded: ruddy; florid; sweet;
good: inexperienced; unpracticed: unused; lively; vigorous; strong.
Fresh
Fresh, n.; pl. Freshes (.
1. A stream or spring of fresh water.
He shall drink naught but brine; for I'll not show him Where the
quick freshes are. Shak.
2. A flood; a freshet. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
3. The mingling of fresh water with salt in rivers or bays, as by
means of a flood of fresh water flowing toward or into the sea.
Beverly.
Fresh
Fresh, v. t. To refresh; to freshen. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
Freshen
Fresh"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freshened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Freshening (?)]
1. To make fresh; to separate, as water, from saline ingredients; to
make less salt; as, to freshen water, fish, or flesh. <-- "less
*salt*" is in original; also, below "to lose saltness" -->
2. To refresh; to revive. [Obs.] Spenser.
3. (Naut.) To relieve, as a rope, by change of place where friction
wears it; or to renew, as the material used to prevent chafing; as, to
freshen a hawse. Totten.
To freshen ballast (Naut.), to shift Or restore it. -- To freshen the
hawse, to pay out a little more cable, so as to bring the chafe on
another part. -- To freshen the way, to increase the speed of a
vessel. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Freshen
Fresh"en (?), v. i.
1. To grow fresh; to lose saltness.
2. To grow brisk or strong; as, the wind freshens.
Freshet
Fresh"et (?), n. [OE. fresche flood + -et. See Fresh, a.]
1. A stream of fresh water. [Obs.] Milton.
2. A flood or overflowing of a stream caused by heavy rains or melted
snow; a sudden inundation.
Cracked the sky, as ice in rivers When the freshet is at highest.
Longfellow.
Freshly
Fresh"ly, adv. In a fresh manner; vigorously; newly, recently;
brightly; briskly; coolly; as, freshly gathered; freshly painted; the
wind blows freshly.
Looks he as freshly as he did? Shak.
Freshman
Fresh"man (?), n.; pl. Freshmen (. novice; one in the rudiments of
knowledge; especially, a student during his fist year in a college or
university.
He drank his glass and cracked his joke, And freshmen wondered as
he spoke. Goldsmith.
Freshman class, the lowest of the four classes in an American college.
[ U. S.]
Freshmanship
Fresh"man*ship, n. The state of being a freshman.
Freshment
Fresh"ment (?), n. Refreshment. [Obs.]
Freshness
Fresh"ness, n. The state of being fresh.
The Scots had the advantage both for number and freshness of men.
Hayward.
And breathe the freshness of the open air. Dryden.
Her cheeks their freshness lose and wonted grace. Granville.
Fresh-new
Fresh"-new` (?), a. Unpracticed. [Obs.] Shak.
Fresh-water
Fresh"-wa`ter (?), a.
1. Of, pertaining to, or living in, water not salt; as, fresh-water
geological deposits; a fresh-water fish; fresh-water mussels.
2. Accustomed to sail on fresh water only; unskilled as a seaman; as,
a fresh-water sailor.
3. Unskilled; raw. [Colloq.] "Fresh-water soldiers." Knolles.
Fresnel lamp, Fres'nel' lan'tern
Fres`nel" lamp" (?), Fres'nel' lan'tern (?). [From Fresnel the
inventor, a French physicist.] A lantern having a lamp surrounded by a
hollow cylindrical Fresnel lens.
Fresnel lens
Fres`nel" lens" (?). [See Fresnel lamp.] (Optics) See under Lens.
Fret
Fret (?), n. [Obs.] See 1st Frith.
Fret
Fret (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fretted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fretting.] [OE.
freten to eat, consume; AS. fretan, for foretan; pref. for- + etan to
eat; akin to D. vreten, OHG. frezzan, G. fressen, Sw. fr\'84ta, Goth.
fra-itan. See For, and Eat, v. t.]
1. To devour. [Obs.]
The sow frete the child right in the cradle. Chaucer.
2. To rub; to wear away by friction; to chafe; to gall; hence, to eat
away; to gnaw; as, to fret cloth; to fret a piece of gold or other
metal; a worm frets the plants of a ship.
With many a curve my banks I fret. Tennyson.
3. To impair; to wear away; to diminish.
By starts His fretted fortunes give him hope and fear. Shak.
4. To make rough, agitate, or disturb; to cause to ripple; as, to fret
the surface of water.
5. To tease; to irritate; to vex.
Fret not thyself because of evil doers. Ps. xxxvii. 1.
Fret
Fret, v. i.
1. To be worn away; to chafe; to fray; as, a wristband frets on the
edges.
2. To eat in; to make way by corrosion.
Many wheals arose, and fretted one into another with great
excoriation. Wiseman.
3. To be agitated; to be in violent commotion; to rankle; as, rancor
frets in the malignant breast.
4. To be vexed; to be chafed or irritated; to be angry; to utter
peevish expressions.
He frets, he fumes, he stares, he stamps the ground. Dryden.
Fret
Fret, n.
1. The agitation of the surface of a fluid by fermentation or other
cause; a rippling on the surface of water. Addison.
2. Agitation of mind marked by complaint and impatience; disturbance
of temper; irritation; as, he keeps his mind in a continual fret.
Yet then did Dennis rave in furious fret. Pope.
3. Herpes; tetter. Dunglison.
4. pl. (Mining) The worn sides of river banks, where ores, or stones
containing them, accumulate by being washed down from the hills, and
thus indicate to the miners the locality of the veins.
Fret
Fret, v. t. [OE. fretten to adorn, AS. fr\'91twan, fr\'91twian; akin
to OS. fratah, cf. Goth. us-fratwjan to make wise, also AS. fr\'91twe
ornaments, OS. fratah\'c6 adornment.] To ornament with raised work; to
variegate; to diversify.
Whose skirt with gold was fretted all about. Spenser.
Yon gray lines, That fret the clouds, are messengers of day. Shak.
Fret
Fret, n.
1. Ornamental work in relief, as carving or embossing. See Fretwork.
2. (Arch.) An ornament consisting of smmall fillets or slats
intersecting each other or bent at right angles, as in classical
designs, or at obilique angles, as often in Oriental art.
His lady's cabinet is a adorned on the fret, ceiling, and
chimney-piece with . . . carving. Evelyn.
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3. The reticulated headdress or net, made of gold or silver wire, in
which ladies in the Middle Ages confined their hair.
A fret of gold she had next her hair. Chaucer.
Fret saw, a saw with a long, narrow blade, used in cutting frets,
scrolls, etc.; a scroll saw; a keyhole saw; a compass saw.
Fret
Fret (?), n. [F. frette a saltire, also a hoop, ferrule, prob. a dim.
of L. ferrum iron. For sense 2, cf. also E. fret to rub.]
1. (Her.) A saltire interlaced with a mascle.
2. (Mus.) A short piece of wire, or other material fixed across the
finger board of a guitar or a similar instrument, to indicate where
the finger is to be placed.
Fret
Fret, v. t. To furnish with frets, as an instrument of music.
Fretful
Fret"ful (?), a. [See 2d Fret.] Disposed to fret; ill-humored;
peevish; angry; in a state of vexation; as, a fretful temper. --
Fret"ful-ly, adv. -- Fret"ful-ness, n. Syn. -- Peevish; ill-humored;
ill-natured; irritable; waspish; captious; petulant; splenetic;
spleeny; passionate; angry. -- Fretful, Peevish, Cross. These words
all indicate an unamiable working and expression of temper. Peevish
marks more especially the inward spirit: a peevish man is always ready
to find fault. Fretful points rather to the outward act, and marks a
complaining impatience: sickly children are apt to be fretful.
Crossness is peevishness mingled with vexation or anger.
Frett
Frett (?), n. [See 2d Fret.] (Mining) The worn side of the bank of a
river. See 4th Fret, n., 4.
Frett
Frett, n. [See Frit.] A vitreous compound, used by potters in glazing,
consisting of lime, silica, borax, lead, and soda.
Fretted
Fret"ted (?), p. p. & a. [From 2d Fret.]
1. Rubbed or worn away; chafed.
2. Agitated; vexed; worried.
Fretted
Fret"ted, p. p. & a. [See 5th Fret.]
1. Ornamented with fretwork; furnished with frets; variegated; made
rough on the surface.
2. (Her.) Interlaced one with another; -- said of charges and
ordinaries.
Fretten
Fret"ten (?), a. [The old p. p. of fret to rub.] Rubbed; marked; as,
pock-fretten, marked with the smallpox. [Obs.] Wright.
Fretter
Fret"ter (?), n. One who, or that which, frets.
Fretty
Fret"ty, a. [See 5th Fret.] Adorned with fretwork.
Fretum
Fre"tum (?), n.; pl. Freta (#). [L.] A strait, or arm of the sea.
Fretwork
Fret"work (?), n. [6th fret + work.] Work adorned with frets;
ornamental openwork or work in relief, esp. when elaborate and minute
in its parts. Heuce, any minute play of light andshade, dark and
light, or the like.
Banqueting on the turf in the fretwork of shade and sunshine.
Macaulay.
Freya
Frey"a (?), n. [Icel. Freyja.] (Scand. Myth.) The daughter of
Nj\'94rd, aud goddess of love and beauty; the Scandinavian Venus; --
in Teutonic myths confounded with Frigga, but in Scandinavian,
distinct. [Written also Frea, Fraying, and Ereyja.]
Friabiiity
Fri"a*bii"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. friabilit\'82.] The quality of being
friable; friableness. Locke.
Friable
Fri"a*ble (?), a. [friabilis, fr. friare to rub, break, or crumble
into small pieces, cf. fricare to rub, E. fray. cf. F. friable.)
Easily crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder. "Friable ground."
Evelyn. "Soft and friable texture." Paley. -- Fri'a-ble-ness, n.
Friar
Fri"ar (?), n. [OR. frere, F. fr\'8are brother, friar, fr. L. frater
brother. See Brother.]
1. (R. C. Ch.) A brother or member of any religious order, but
especially of one of the four mendicant orders, viz: (a) Minors, Gray
Friars, or Franciscans. (b) Augustines. (c) Dominicans or Black
Friars. (d) White Friars or Carmelites. See these names in the
Vocabulary.
2. (Print.) A white or pale patch on a printed page.
3. (Zo\'94l.) An American fish; the silversides.
Friar bird (Zo\'94l.), an Australian bird (Tropidorhynchus
corniculatus), having the head destitute of feathers; -- called also
coldong, leatherhead, pimlico; poor soldier, and four-o'clock. The
name is also applied to several other species of the same genus. --
Friar's balsam (Med.), a stimulating application for wounds and
ulcers, being an alcoholic solution of benzoin, styrax, tolu balsam,
and aloes; compound tincture of benzoin. Brande & C. -- Friar's cap
(Bot.), the monkshood. -- Friar's cowl (Bot.), an arumlike plant
(Arisarum vulgare) with a spathe or involucral leaf resembling a cowl.
-- Friar's lantern, the ignis fatuus or Will-o'-the-wisp. Milton. --
Friar skate (Zo\'94l.), the European white or sharpnosed skate (Raia
alba); -- called also Burton skate, border ray, scad, and doctor.
Friarly
Fri"ar*ly, a. Like a friar; inexperienced. Bacon.
Friary
Fri"ar*y (?), a. [From Friar, n.] Like a friar; pertaining to friars
or to a convent. [Obs.] Camden.
Friary
Fri"ar*y, n. [OF. frerie, frairie, fr. fr\'8are. See Friar.]
1. A monastery; a convent of friars. Drugdale.
2. The institution or praactices of friars. Fuller.
Friation
Fri*a"tion (?), n. [See Friable.] The act of breaking up or
pulverizing.
Frible
Frib"le (?), a. [Cf. F. frivole, L. frivolus, or E. frippery.]
Frivolous; trifling; sily.
Fribble
Frib"ble, n. A frivolous, contemptible fellow; a fop.
A pert fribble of a peer. Thackeray.
Fribble
Frib"ble, v. i.
1. To act in a trifling or foolish manner; to act frivolously.
The fools that are fribbling round about you. Thackeray.
2. To totter. [Obs.]
Fribbler
Frib"bler (?), n. A trifler; a fribble.
Fribbling
Frib"bling (?), a. Frivolous; trining; toolishly captious.
Friborg, Friborgh
Fri"borg , Fri"borgh (?), n. [AS. fri, lit., peace PLAGE; fri peace +
borh, borg, pledge, akin to E. borrow. The first part of the word was
confused with free, the last part, with borough.] (Old Eng. Law) The
pledge and tithing, afterwards called by the Normans frankpledge. See
Frankpledge. [Written also friburgh and fribourg.] Burril.
Fricace
Fric"ace (?), n. [See Fricassee.]
1. Meat sliced and dressed with strong sauce. [Obs.] King.
2. An unguent; also, the act of rubbing with the unguent.
Fricandeau, Fricando
Fri"can`deau` (?), Fric"*an*do (, n. [F. fricandeau; cf. Sp.
fricand\'a2.] A ragout or fricassee of veal; a fancy dish of veal or
of boned turkey, served as an entr\'82e, -- called also fricandel. A.
J. Cooley.
Fricassee
Fric"as*see` (?), n. [F. fricass\'82e, fr. fricasser to fry,
fricassee; cf. LL. fricare, perh. for frictare, fricare, frictum, to
rub. Cf. Fry, Friction.] A dish made of fowls, veal, or other meat of
small animals cut into pieces, and stewed in a gravy.<-- (cooking) -->
Frlcassee
Frlc"as*see`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fricassed (?); p. pr. &. vb. n.
Fricasseeing.] To dress like a fricassee.
Frication
Fri*ca"tion (?), n. [L. fricatio, fr. fricare, fricatum, to rub. ]
Friction. [Obs.] Bacon.
Fricative
Fric"a*tive (?), a. [See Frication.] (Phon.) Produced by the friction
or rustling of the breath, intonated or unintonated, through a narrow
opening between two of the mouth organs; uttered through a close
approach, but not with a complete closure, of the organs of
articulation, and hence capable of being continued or prolonged; --
said of certain consonantal sounds, as f, v, s, z, etc. -- n. A
fricative consonant letter or sound. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§
197-206, etc.
Fricatrice
Fric"a*trice (?), n. [Cf. L. frictrix, fr. fricare to rub.] A lewd
woman; a harlot. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Frickle
Fric"kle (?), n. A bushel basket. [Obs.]
Ftiction
Ftic"tion (?), n. [L. frictio, fr. fricare, frictum,to rub: cf. F.
friction. See Fray to rub, arid cf. Dentifrice.]
1. The act of rubbing the surface of one body against that of another;
attrition; in hygiene, the act of rubbing the body with the hand, with
flannel, or with a brush etc., to excite the skin to healthy action.
2. (Mech.) The resistance which a body meets with from the surface on
which it moves. It may be resistance to sliding motion, or to rolling
motion.
3. A clashing between two persons or parties in opinions or work; a
disagreement tending to prevent or retard progress.
Angle of friction (Mech.), the angle which a plane onwhich a body is
lying makes with a horizontal plane,when the hody is just ready to
slide dewn the plane.
NOTE: This an gle va ries fo r di fferent bodies, and for planes of
different materials.
-- Anti-friction wheels (Mach.), wheels turning freely on small
pivots, and sustaining, at the angle formed by their circumferences,
the pivot or journal of a revolving shaft, to relieve it of friction;
-- called also friction wheels. -- Friction balls, or Friction
rollers, balls or rollers placed so as to receive the pressure or
weight of bodies in motion, and relieve friction, as in the hub of a
bicycle wheel. -- Friction brake (Mach.), a form of dynamometer for
measuring the power a motor exerts. A clamp around the revolving shaft
or fly wheel of the motor resists the motion by its friction, the work
thus absorbed being ascertained by observing the force required to
keep the clamp from revolving with the shaft; a Prony brake. --
Friction chocks, brakes attached to the common standing garrison
carriages of guns, so as to raise the trucks or wheels off the
platform when the gun begins to recoil, and prevent its running back.
Earrow. -- Friction clutch, Friction coupling, an engaging and
disengaging gear for revolving shafts, pulleys, etc., acting by
friction; esp.: (a) A device in which a piece on one shaft or pulley
is so forcibly pressed against a piece on another shaft that the two
will revolve together; as, in the illustration, the cone a on one
shaft, when thrust forcibly into the corresponding hollow cone b on
the other shaft, compels the shafts to rotate together, by the hold
the friction of the conical surfaces gives. (b) A toothed clutch, one
member of which, instead of being made fast on its shaft, is held by
friction and can turn, by slipping, under excessive strain or in
starting. -- Friction drop hammer, one in which the hammer is raised
for striking by the friction of revolving rollers which nip the hammer
rod. -- Friction gear. See Frictional gearing, under Frictional. --
Friction machine, an electrical machine, generating electricity by
friction. -- Friction meter, an instrument for measuring friction, as
in testing lubricants. -- Friction powder, Friction composition, a
composition of chlorate of potassium, antimony, sulphide, etc, which
readily ignites by friction. -- Friction primer, Friction tube, a tube
used for firing cannon by means of the friction of a roughened wire in
the friction powder or composition with which the tube is filled --
Friction wheel (Mach.), one of the wheels in frictional gearing. See
under Frictional.
Frictional
Fric"tion*al (?), a. Relating to friction; moved by friction; produced
by friction; as, frictional electricity. Frictional gearing, wheels
which transmit motion by surface friction instead of teeth. The faces
are sometimes made more or less V-shaped to increase or decrease
friction, as required.
Frictionless
Fric"tion*less, a. Having no friction.
Friday
Fri"day (?), n. [AS. friged\'91g, fr. Frigu, the gooddes of marriage;
friqu love + d\'91g day; cf. Icel. Frigg name of a goddess, the wife
of Odin or Wodan, OHG. Fr\'c6atag, Isel. Frj\'bedagr. AS. frigu is
prob. from the root of E. friend, free. See Free, and Day.] The sixth
day of the week, following Thursday and preceding Saturday.
Fridge
Fridge (?), v. t. [AS. frician to dance, from free bold. Cf. Freak,
n.] To rub; to fray. [Obs.] Sterne.
Fridstol, Frithstool
Frid"stol` (?), Frith`stool" (?), n. [AS. fril. See Fred, and Stool.]
A seat in churches near the altar, to which offenders formerly fled
for sanctuary. [Written variously fridstool, freedstool, etc.] [Obs.]
Fried
Fried (?), imp. & p. p. of Fry.
Friend
Friend (?), n. [OR. frend, freond, AS. fre\'a2nd, prop. p. pr. of
fre\'a2n, fre\'a2gan, to love; akin to D. vriend friend, OS. friund
friend, friohan to love, OHG. friunt friend, G. freund, Icel.
fr\'91ndi kinsman, Sw. fr\'84nde. Goth. frij friend, frij to love.
&root;83. See Free, and cf. Fiend.]
1. One who entertains for another suo
Want gives to know the flatterer from the friend. Dryden.
A friend that sticketh closer than a brother. Prov. xviii. 24.
2. One not inimical or hostile; one not a foe or enemy; also, one of
the same nation, party, kin, etc., whose friendly feelings may be
assumed. The word is some times used as a term of friendly address.
Friend, how camest thou in hither? Matt. xxii. 12.
3. One who looks propitiously on a cause, an institution, a project,
and the like; a favorer; a promoter; as, a friend to commerce, to
poetry, to an institution.
4. One of a religious sect characterized by disuse of outward rites
and an ordained ministry, by simplicity of dress and speech, and esp.
by opposition to war and a desire to live at peace with all men. They
are popularly called Quakers.
America was first visited by Friends in 1656. T. Chase.
5. A paramour of either sex. [Obs.] Shak.
A friend at court OR in court, one disposed to act as a friend in a
place of special opportunity or influence. -- To be friends with, to
have friendly relations with. "He's . . . friends with C\'91sar."
Shak. -- To make friends with, to become reconciled to or on friendly
terms with. "Having now made friends with the Athenians." Jowett
(Thucyd. ).
Friend
Friend, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Friended; p. pr, & vb. n. Friending.] To
act as the friend of; to favor; to countenance; to befriend. [Obs.]
Fortune friends the bold. Spenser.
Friended
Friend"ed, a.
1. Having friends; [Obs.]
2. Iuclined to love; well-disposed. [Obs.] Shak.
Friending
Friend"ing, n. Friendliness. [Obs.] Shak.
Friendless
Friend"less, a. [AS. fre\'a2ndle\'a0s.] Destitute of friends;
forsaken. -- Friend"less*ness, n.
Friendlily
Friend"li*ly (?), adv. In a friendly manner. Pope.
Friendliness
Friend"li*ness, n. The condition or quality of being friendly. Sir P.
Sidney.
Friendly
Friend"ly, a. [AS. fre\'82ndl&imac;ce.]
1. Having the temper and disposition of a friend; disposed to promote
the good of another; kind; favorable.
2. Appropriate to, or implying, friendship; befitting friends;
amicable.
In friendly relations with his moderate opponents. Macaulay.
3. Not hostile; as, a friendly power or state.
4. Promoting the good of any person; favorable; propitious;
serviceable; as, a friendly breeze or gale.
On the first friendly bank he throws him down. Addison.
Syn. -- Amicable; kind; conciliatory; propitious; favorable. See
Amicable.
Friendly
Friend"ly, adv. In the manner of friends; amicably; like friends.
[Obs.] Shak.
In whom all graces that can perfect beauty Are friendly met. Beau.
& Fl.
Friendship
Friend"ship, n. [AS. fre\'a2ndscipe. See Friend, and -ship.]
1. The state of being friends; friendly relation, or attachment, to a
person, or between persons; affection arising from mutual esteem and
good will; friendliness; amity; good will.
There is little friendship in the world. Bacon.
There can be no friendship without confidence, and no confidence
without integrity. Rambler.
Preferred by friendship, and not chosen by sufficiency. Spenser.
2. Kindly aid; help; assistance, [Obs.]
Some friendship will it [a hovel] lend you gainst the tempest.
Shak.
3. Aptness to unite; conformity; affinity; harmony; correspondence.
[Obs.]
Those colors . . . have a friendship with each other. Dryden.
Frier
Fri"er (?), n. One who fries.
Friese
Friese (?), n. Same as Friesic, n.
Friesic
Fries"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Friesland, a province in the
northern part of the Netherlands.
Friesic
Fries"ic, n. The language of the Frisians, a Teutonic people formerly
occupying a large part of the coast of Holland and Northwestern
Germany. The modern dialects of Friesic are spoken chiefly in the
province of Friesland, and on some of the islands near the coast of
Germany and Denmark.
Friesish
Fries"ish, a. Friesic. [R.]
Frieze
Frieze (?), n. [Perh. the same word as frieze a, kind of cloth. Cf.
Friz.] (Arch.) (a) That part of the entablature of an order which is
between the architrave and cornice. It is a flat member or face,
either uniform or broken by triglyphs, and often enriched with figures
and other ornaments of sculpture. (b) Any sculptured or richly
ornamented band in a building or, by extension, in rich pieces of
furniture. See Illust. of Column.
Cornice or frieze with bossy sculptures graven. Milton.
Frieze
Frieze (?), n. [F. frise, perh. originally a woolen cloth or stuff
from Friesland (F. Frise); cf. LL. frisii panni and frissatus pannus,
a shaggy woolen cloth, F. friser to friz, curl. Cf. Friz.] A kind of
coarse woolen cloth or stuff with a shaggy or tufted (friezed) nap on
one side. "Robes of frieze." Goldsmith.
Frieze
Frieze, v. t. To make a nap on (cloth); to friz. See Friz, v. t.,
2.
Friezing machine, a machine for friezing cloth; a friezing machine.
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Page 597
Friezed
Friezed (?), a. Gathered, or having the map gathered, into little
tufts, knots, or protuberances. Cf. Frieze, v. t., and Friz, v. t.,
2.
Friezer
Frie"zer (?), n. One who, or that which, friezes or frizzes.
Frigate
Frig"ate (?), n. [F. fr\'82gate, It. fregata, prob. contracted fr. L.
fabricata something constructed or. built. See Fabricate.]
1. Originally, a vessel of the Mediterranean propelled by sails and by
oars. The French, about 1650, transferred the name to larger vessels,
and by 1750 it had been appropriated for a class of war vessels
intermediate between corvettes and ships of the line. Frigates, from
about 1750 to 1850, had one full battery deck and, often, a spar deck
with a lighter battery. They carried sometimes as many as fifty guns.
After the application of steam to navigation steam frigates of largely
increased size and power were built, and formed the main part of the
navies of the world till about 1870, when the introduction of
ironclads superseded them. [Formerly spelled frigat and friggot.]
2. Any small vessel on the water. [Obs.] Spenser.
Frigate bird (Zo\'94l.), a web-footed rapacious bird, of the genus
Fregata; -- called also man-of-war bird, and frigate pelican. Two
species are known; that of the Southern United States and West Indies
is F. aquila. They are remarkable for their long wings and powerful
flight. Their food consists of fish which they obtain by robbing
gulls, terns, and other birds, of their prey. They are related to the
pelicans. -- Frigate mackerel (Zo\'94l.), an oceanic fish (Auxis
Rochei) of little or no value as food, often very abundant off the
coast of the United States. -- Frigate pelican. (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Frigate bird.
Frigate-built
Frig"ate-built" (?), a. (Naut.) Built like a frigate with a raised
quarter-deck and forecastle.
Frigatoon
Frig"a*toon` (?), n. [It. fregatone: cf. F.fr\'82gaton. See Frigate.]
(Naut.) A Venetian vessel, with a square stern, having only a
mainmast, jigger mast, and bowsprit; also a sloop of war ship-rigged.
Frigefaction
Frig"e*fac`tion (?), n. [L. frigere to be cold + facere to make.] The
act of making cold. [Obs.]
Frigefactive
Frig"e*fac`tive (?), a. Cooling. [Obs.] Boyle.
Frigerate
Frig"er*ate (?), e. t. [L. frigerare, fr. frigus cold.] To make cool.
[Obs.] Blount.
Frigg, Frigga
Frigg (?), Frig"ga (?) n. [Icel. Frigg. See Friday.] (Scand. Myth.)
The wife of Odin and mother of the gods; the supreme goddess; the Juno
of the Valhalla. Cf. Freya.
Fright
Fright (?), n. [OE. frigt, freyht, AS. fyrhto, fyrhtu; akin to OS.
forhta, OHG. forhta, forahta, G. furcht, Dan. frygt, Sw. fruktan,
Goth. fa\'a3rhtei fear, fa\'a3rhts timid.]
1. A state of terror excited by the sudden appearance of danger;
sudden and violent fear, usually of short duration; a sudden alarm.
2. Anything strange, ugly or shocking, producing a feeling of alarm or
aversion. [Colloq.] Syn. -- Alarm; terror; consternation. See Alarm.
Fright
Fright (?), v. t. [imp. Frighted; p. pr. & vb. n.. Frighting.] [OE.
frigten to fear, frighten, AS. fyrhtan to frighten, forhtian to fear;
akin to OS. forhtian, OHG. furihten, forahtan, G. f\'81rchten, Sw.
frukta, Dan. frygte, Goth. faurhtjan. See Fright, n., and cf.
Frighten.] To alarm suddenly; to shock by causing sudden fear; to
terrify; to scare.
Nor exile or danger can fright a brave spirit. Dryden.
Syn. -- To affright; dismay; daunt; intimidate.
Frighten
Fright"en (?), v. t. [>imp.pos> Frightened (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
Frightening (#).] [See Fright, v. t.] To disturb with fear; to throw
into a state of alarm or fright; to affright; to terrify.
More frightened than hurt. Old Proverb.
Frightful
Fright"ful (?), a.
1. Full of fright; affrighted; frightened. [Obs.]
See how the frightful herds run from the wood. W. Browne.
2. Full of that which causes fright; exciting alarm; impressing
terror; shocking; as, a frightful chasm, or tempest; a frightful
appearance. Syn. -- Terrible; dreadful; alarming; fearful; terrific;
awful; horrid; horrible; shocking. -- Frightful, Dreadful, Awful.
These words all express fear. In frightful, it is a sudden emotion; in
dreadful, it is deeper and more prolonged; in awful, the fear is
mingled with the emotion of awe, which subdues us before the presence
of some invisible power. An accident may be frightful; the approach of
death is dreadful to most men; the convulsions of the earthquake are
awful.
Frightfully
Fright"ful*ly (?), adv. In a frightful manner; to a frightful dagree.
Frightfulness
Fright"ful*ness, n. The quality of being frightful.
Frightless
Fright"less, a. Free from fright; fearless. [Obs.]
Frightment
Fright"ment (?), n. Fear; terror. [Obs.]
Frigid
Frig"id (?), a. [L. frigidus, fr. frigere to be cold; prob. akin to
Gr. Frill.]
1. Cold; wanting heat or warmth; of low temperature; as, a frigid
climate.
2. Wanting warmth, fervor, ardor, fire, vivacity, etc.; unfeeling;
forbidding in manner; dull and unanimated; stiff and formal; as, a
frigid constitution; a frigid style; a frigid look or manner; frigid
obedience or service.
3. Wanting natural heat or vigor sufficient to excite the generative
power; impotent. Johnson.
Frigid zone, that part of the earth which lies between either polar
circle and its pole. It extends 23Arctic.
Frigidarium
Frig"i*da`ri*um (?), n.; pl. Frigidaria (#). [L., neut. of frigidarium
cooling.] The cooling room of the Roman therm\'91, furnished with a
cold bath.
Prigidity
Pri*gid"i*ty (?), n. [L. frigiditas: cf. F. frigidit\'82.]
1. The condition or quality of being frigid; coldness; want of warmth.
Ice is water congealed by the frigidity of the air. Sir T. Browne.
2. Want of ardor, animation, vivacity, etc.; coldness of affection or
of manner; dullness; stiffness and formality; as, frigidity of a
reception, of a bow, etc.
3. Want of heat or vigor; as, the frigidity of old age.
Frigidly
Frig"id*ly (?), adv. In a frigid manner; coldly; dully; without
affection.
Frigidness
Frig"id*ness, n. The state of being frigid; want of heat, vigor, or
affection; coldness; dullness.
Frigorific, Frigorifical
Frig"o*rif"ic (?), Frig"o*rif`ic*al (?) a. [L. frigorificus; frigus,
frigoris, cold + facere to make: cf. F. frigorifique.] Causing cold;
producing or generating cold. Quincy.
Frill
Frill (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Frilled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Frilling.]
[OF. friller, fr. L. frigidulus somewhat cold, dim. of frigidus cold;
akin to F. frileux chilly.]
1. To shake or shiver as with cold; as, the hawk frills. Johnson.
2. (Photog.) To wrinkle; -- said of the gelatin film.
Frill
Frill, v. t. To provide or decorate with a frill or frills; to turn
back. in crimped plaits; as, to frill a cap.
Frill
Frill, n. [See Frill, v. i.]. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A ruffing of a bird's
feathers from cold. (b) A ruffle, consisting of a fold of membrane, of
hairs, or of feathers, around the neck of an animal. See Frilled
lizard (below). (c) A similar ruffle around the legs or other
appendages of animals. (d) A ruffled varex or fold on certain shells.
2. A border or edging secured at one edge and left free at the other,
usually fluted or crimped like a very narrow flounce.
Frilled
Frilled (?), a. Furnished with a frill or frills. Frilled lizard
(Zo\'94l.), a large Australian lizard (Chlamydosaurus Kingii) about
three feet long, which has a large, erectile frill on each side of the
neck.
Frim
Frim (?), a. [Cf. AS. freme good, bold, and E. frame.] Flourishing;
thriving; fresh; in good case; vigorous. [Obs.] "Frim pastures."
Drayton.
Frimaire
Fri"maire` (?), n. [F., fr. frimas hoarfrost.] The third month of the
French republican calendar. It commenced November 21, and ended
December 20., See Vend\'82miaire.
Fringe
Fringe (?), n. [OF, fringe, F. frange, prob. fr. L. fimbria fiber,
thread, fringe, cf. fibra fiber, E. fiber, fimbriate.]
1. An ornamental appendage to the border of a piece of stuff,
originally consisting of the ends of the warp, projecting beyond the
woven fabric; but more commonly made separate and sewed on, consisting
sometimes of projecting ends, twisted or plaited together, and
sometimes of loose threads of wool, silk, or linen, or narrow strips
of leather, or the like.
2. Something resembling in any respect a fringe; a line of objects
along a border or edge; a border; an edging; a margin; a confine.
The confines of grace and the fringes of repentance. Jer. Taylor.
3. (Opt.) One of a number of light or dark bands, produced by the
interference of light; a diffraction band; -- called also interference
fringe.
4. (Bot.) The peristome or fringelike appendage of the capsules of
most mosses. See Peristome.
Fringe tree (Bot.), a small tree (Chionanthus Virginica), growing in
the Southern United States, and having snow-white flowers, with long
pendulous petals.
Fringe
Fringe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fringed (?); p. pr. & vb. a. Fringing.] To
adorn the edge of with a fringe or as with a fringe.
Precipices fringed with grass. Bryant.
Fringing reef. See Coral reefs, under Coral.
Fringed
Fringed (?), a. Furnished with a fringe. Fringed lear (Bot.), a leaf
edged with soft parallel hairs.
Fringeless
Fringe"less, a. Having no fringe.
Fringent
Frin"gent (?), a. Encircling like a fringe; bordering. [R.] "The
fringent air." Emerson.
Fringilla
Frin*gil"la (?), a. [NL., fr. L. fringilla a chaffinch.] (Zo\'94l.) A
genus of birds, with a short, conical, pointed bill. It formerly
included all the sparrows and finches, but is now restricted to
certain European finches, like the chaffinch and brambling.
Fringillaceous
Frin`gil*la"ceous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Fringilline.
Fringilline
Frin*gil"line (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the family
Fringillid\'91; characteristic of finches; sparrowlike.
Fringy
Frin"gy (?), a. Aborned with fringes. Shak.
Fripper
Frip"per (?), n. [F. fripier, fr. friper to rumple, fumble, waste.]
One who deals in frippery or in old clothes. [Obs.] Bacon.
Fripperer
Frip"per*er (?), n. A fripper. [Obs.] Johnson.
Frippery
Frip"per*y (?), n. [F. friperie, fr. fruper. See Fripper.]
1. Coast-off clothes. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
2. Hence: Secondhand finery; cheap and tawdry decoration; affected
elegance.
Fond of gauze and French frippery. Goldsmith.
The gauzy frippery of a French translation. Sir W. Scott.
3. A place where old clothes are sold. Shak.
4. The trade or traffic in old clothes.
Frippery
Frip"per*y (?), a. Trifling; contemptible.
Friseur'
Fri"seur' (?), n. [F., fr. friser to curl, frizzle. See Frizzle.] A
hairdresser.
Frisian
Fri"sian (?), a. Of or pertaining to Friesland, a province of the
Netherlands; Friesic.
Frisian
Fri"sian, n. A native or inhabitant of Friesland; also, the language
spoken in Friesland. See Friesic, n.
Frisk
Frisk (?), a. [OF. frieque, cf. OHG. frise lively, brisk, fresh, Dan.
& Sw. frisk, Icel. friskr. See Fresh, a.] Lively; brisk; frolicsome;
frisky. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Frisk
Frisk, a. A frolic; a fit of wanton gayety; a gambol: a little playful
skip or leap. Johnson.
Frisk
Frisk, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Frisked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Frisking.] To
leap, skip, dance, or gambol, in fronc and gayety.
The frisking satyrs on the summits danced. Addison.
Friskal
Frisk"al (?), n. A leap or caper. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Frisker
Frisker (?), n. One who frisks; one who leaps of dances in gayety; a
wanton; an inconstant or unsettled person. Camden.
Frisket
Fris"ket (?), n. [F. frisguette. Perh. so named from the velocity or
frequency of its motion. See Frisk a.] (Print.) The light frame which
holds the sheet of paper to the tympan in printing.
Friskful
Frisk"ful (?), a. Brisk; lively; frolicsome.
Friskily'
Frisk"i*ly' (?), adv. In a frisky manner.
Friskiness
Frisk"i*ness, n. State or quality of being frisky.
Frisky
Frisk"y, a. Inclined to frisk; frolicsome; gay.
He is too frisky for an old man. Jeffrey.
Frislet
Fris"let (?), n. [Fraise a kind of defense; also Friz.) A kind of
small ruffle. Halliwell.
Frist
Frist (?), v. t. [OE. fristen, firsten, to lend, give respite,
postpone, AS. firstan to give respite to; akin to first time, G.
frist, Icel. frest delay.] To sell upon credit, as goods. [R.] Crabb.
Frisure
Fri"sure` (?), n. [F.] The dressing of the hair by crisping or
curling. Smollett.
Frit
Frit (?), n. [F. fritte, fr. frit fried, p. p. of frire to fry. See
Far, v. t.]
1. (Glass Making) The material of which glass is made, after having
been calcined or partly fused in a furnace, but before vitrification.
It is a composition of silex and alkali, occasionally with other
ingredients. Ure.
2. (Ceramics) The material for glaze of pottery.
Frit brick, a lump of calcined glass materials, brought to a pasty
condition in a reverberatory furnace, preliminary to the perfect
vitrification in the melting pot.
Frit
Frit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fritted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fritting.] To
prepare by heat (the materials for making glass); to fuse partially.
Ure.
Frit
Frit, v. t. To fritter; -- with away. [R.] Ld. Lytton.
Frith
Frith (?), n. [OE. firth, Icel. fj\'94r; akin to Sw. fj\'84rd, Dan.
fiord, E. ford. &root;78. See Ford, n., and cf. Firth, Fiord, Fret a
frith, Port a harbor.]
1. (Geog.) A narrow arm of the sea; an estuary; the opening of a river
into the sea; as, the Frith of Forth.
2. A kind of weir for catching fish. [Eng.] Carew.
Frith
Frith, n. [OE. frith peace, protection, land inclosed for hunting,
park, forest, AS. fri peace; akin to freno peace, protection, asylum,
G. friede peace, Icel. fri, and from the root of E. free, friend. See
Free, a., and cf. Affray, Defray.]
1. A forest; a woody place. [Obs.] Drayton.
2. A small field taken out of a common, by inclosing it; an inclosure.
[Obs.] Sir J. Wynne.
Frithy
Frith"y (?), a. Woody. [Obs.] Skelton.
Fritillaria
Frit"il*la`ri*a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. fritillus dicebox: cf. F.
fritillaire. So named from the checkered markings of the petals.]
(Bot.) A genus of liliaceous plants, of which the crown-imperial
(Fritillaria imperialis) is one species, and the Guinea-hen flower (F.
Meleagris) another. See Crown-imperial.
Fritillary
Frit"il*la*ry (?), n.
1. (Bot.) A plant with checkered petals, of the genus Fritillaria: the
Guinea-hen flower. See Fritillaria.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of several species of butterflies belonging to
Argynnis and allied genera; -- so called because the coloring of their
wings resembles that of the common Fritillaria. See Aphrodite.
Fritinancy
Frit"i*nan*cy (?), n. [L. fritinnire to twitter.] A chirping or
creaking, as of a cricket. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Fritter
Frit"ter (?), n. [OR. fritour, friture, pancake, F. friture frying, a
thing fried, from frire to fry. See Far, v. t.]
1. A small quantity of batter, fried in boiling lard or in a frying
pan. Fritters are of various kinds, named from the substance inclosed
in the batter; as, apple fritters, clam fritters, oyster fritters.
2. A fragment; a shred; a small piece.
And cut whole giants into fritters. Hudibras.
Corn fritter. See under Corn.
Fritter
Frit"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frittered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Frittering.]
1. To cut, as meat, into small pieces, for frying.
2. To break into small pieces or fragments.
Break all nerves, and fritter all their sense. Pope.
To fritter away, to diminish; to pare off; to reduce to nothing by
taking away a little at a time; also, to waste piecemeal; as, to
fritter away time, strength, credit, etc.
Fritting
Frit"ting (?), n. [See Frit to expose to heat.] The formation of frit
or slag by heat with but incipient fusion.
Frivolism
Friv"o*lism (?), n. Frivolity. [R.] Pristley.
Frivolity
Fri*vol"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Frivolities (#). [Cg. F. frivolit\'82. See
Frivolous.] The condition or quality of being frivolous; also, acts or
habits of trifling; unbecoming levity of disposition.
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Frivolous
Friv"o*lous (?), a. [L. frivolus; prob. akin to friare to rub,
crumble, E. friable: cf. F. frivole.]
1. Of little weight or importance; not worth notice; slight; as, a
frivolous argument. Swift.
2. Given to trifling; marked with unbecoming levity; silly; interested
especially in trifling matters.
His personal tastes were low and frivolous. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Trifling; trivial; slight; petty; worthless. --
Friv"o*lous*ly, adv. -- Friv"o*lous*ness, n.
Friz
Friz (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frizzed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Frizzing
(?).] [Cf. F. friser to curl, crisp, frizzle, to raise the nap (on
certain stuffs); prob.akin to OFries. frisle hair of the head. Cf.
Frieze kind of cloth.] [Written also frizz.]
1. To curl or form into small curls, as hair, with a crisping pin; to
crisp.
With her hair frizzed short up to her ears. Pepys.
2. To form into little burs, prominences, knobs, or tufts, as the nap
of cloth.
3. (Leather Manufacture) To soften and make of even thickness by
rubbing, as with pumice stone or a blunt instrument.
Frizzing machine. (a) (Fabrics) A machine for frizzing the surface of
cloth. (b) (Wood Working) A bench with a revolving cutter head
slightly protruding above its surface, for dressing boards.
Friz
Friz, n.; pl. Frizzes (. That which is frizzed; anything crisped or
curled, as a wig; a frizzle. [Written also frizz.]
He [Dr. Johnson], who saw in his glass how his wig became his face
and head, might easily infer that a similar fullbottomed,
well-curled friz of words would be no less becoming to his
thoughts. Hare.
Frize
Frize (?), n. (Arch.) See 1st Frieze.
Frizel
Friz"el (?), a. (Firearms) A movable furrowed piece of steel struck by
the flint, to throw sparks into the pan, in an early form of
flintlock. Knight.
Frizette
Fri*zette" (?), n. [F. frisette curl.] A curl of hair or silk; a pad
of frizzed hair or silk worn by women under the hair to stuff it out.
Frizz
Frizz (?), v. t. & n. See Friz, v. t. & n.
Frizzle
Friz"zle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frizzled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Frizzling (?).] [Dim. of friz.] To curl or crisp, as hair; to friz; to
crinkle. Gay. To frizzle up, to crinkle or crisp excessively.
Frizzle
Friz"zle, n. A curl; a lock of hair crisped. Milton.
Frizzlez
Friz"zlez` (?), n. One who frizzles.
Frizzly, Frizzy
Friz"zly (?), Friz"zy (?), a. Curled or crisped; as, frizzly, hair.
Fro
Fro (?), adv. [OE. fra, fro, adv. & prep., Icel. fr, akin to Dan. fra
from, E. from. See From.] From; away; back or backward; -- now used
only in oppositionto the word to, in the phrase to and fro, that is,
to and from. See To and fro under To. Millon.
Fro
Fro, prep. From. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Frock
Frock (?), n. [F. froc a monk's cowl, coat, garment, LL. frocus,
froccus, flocus, floccus, fr. L. floccus a flock of wool; hence orig.,
a flocky cloth or garment;cf. L. flaccus flabby, E. flaccid.]
1. A loose outer garment; especially, a gown forming a part of
European modern costume for women and children; also, a coarse
hirtlike garment worn by some workmen over their ther clothes; a smock
frock; as, a marketman's frock.
2. A coarse gown worn by monks or friars, and supposed to take the
place of all, or nearly all, other garments. It has a hood which can
be drawn over the head at pleasure, and is girded by a cord.
Frock coat, a body coat for men, usually doublebreasted, the skirts
not being in one piece with the body, but sewed on so as to be
somewhat full. -- Smock frock. See in the Vocabulary.
Frock
Frock, v. t.
1. To clothe in a frock.
2. To make a monk of. Cf. Unfrock.
Frocked
Frocked (?), a. Clothed in a frock.
Frockless
Frock"less (?), a. Destitute of a frock.
Froe
Froe (?), n. [See Frow.] A dirty woman; a slattern; a frow. [Obs.]
"Raging frantic froes." Draylon.
Froe
Froe, n. [See Frow the tool] An iron cleaver or splitting tool; a
frow. [U. S.] Bartlett.
Frog
Frog (?), n. [AS. froggu, frocga a frog (in sensel); akin to D.
vorsch, OHG. frosk, G. frosch, Icel. froskr, fraukr, Sw. & Dan.
fr\'94.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) An amphibious animal of the genus Rana and
related genera, of many species. Frogs swim rapidly, and take long
leaps on land. Many of the species utter loud notes in the springtime.
NOTE: &hand; Th e ed ible fr og of Eu rope (R ana es culenta) is
extensively used as food; the American bullfrog (R. Catesbiana) is
remarkable for its great size and loud voice.
2. [Perh. akin to E. fork, cf. frush frog of a horse.] (Anat.) The
triangular prominence of the hoof, in the middle of the sole of the
foot of the horse, and other animals; the fourchette.
3. (Railroads) A supporting plate having raised ribs that form
continuations of the rails, to guide the wheels where one track
branches from another or crosses it.
4. [Cf. fraco of wool or silk, L. floccus, E. frock.] An oblong cloak
button, covered with netted thread, and fastening into a loop instead
of a button hole.
5. The loop of the scabbard of a bayonet or sword.
Cross frog (Railroads), a frog adapted for tracks that cross at right
angles. -- Frog cheese, a popular name for a large puffball. -- Frog
eater, one who eats frogs; -- a term of contempt applied to a
Frenchman by the vulgar class of English. -- Frog fly. (Zo\'94l.) See
Frog hopper. -- Frog hopper (Zo\'94l.), a small, leaping, hemipterous
insect living on plants. The larv\'91 are inclosed are frothy liquid
called cuckoo spit or frog spit. -- Frog lily (Bot.), the yellow water
lily (Nuphar). -- Frog spit (Zo\'94l.), the frothy exudation of the
frog hopper; -- called also frog spittle. See Cuckoo spit, under
Cuckoo.
Frog
Frog (?), v. t. To ornament or fasten (a coat, etc.) with trogs. See
Frog, n., 4.
Frogbit
Frog"bit` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A European plant (Hydrocharis
Morsus-ran\'91), floating on still water and propagating itself by
runners. It has roundish leaves and small white flowers. (b) An
American plant (Limnobium Spongia), with similar habits.
Frogfish
Frog"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) See Angler, n., 2. (b) An oceanic
fish of the genus Antennarius or Pterophrynoides; -- called also
mousefish and toadfish.
Frogged
Frogged (?), a. Provided or ornamented with frogs; as, a frogged coat.
See Frog, n., 4. Ld. Lytton.
Froggy
Frog"gy (?), a. Abounding in frogs. Sherwood.
Frogmouth
Frog"mouth` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of several species of Asiatic and
East Indian birds of the genus Batrachostomus (family Podargid\'91);
-- so called from their very broad, flat bills.
Frogs-bit
Frog"s`-bit" (?), n. (Bot.) Frogbit.
Frogshell
Frog"shell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of numerous species of marine
gastropod shells, belonging to Ranella and allied genera.
Froise
Froise (?), n. [OE. froise cf. F. froisser to bruise, E. frush to
bruise,] A kind of pancake. See 1st Fraise. [Written also fraise.]
Frolic
Frol"ic (?), a. [D. vroolijk; akin to G. fr\'94lich, fr. froh, OHG.
fr, Dan. fro, OS. fr, cf. Icel. fr swift; all perh. akin to Skr. pru
to spring up.] Full of levity; dancing, playing, or frisking about;
full of pranks; frolicsome; gay; merry.
The frolic wind that breathes the spring. Milton.
The gay, the frolic, and the loud. Waller.
Frolic
Frol"ic, n.
1. A wild prank; a flight of levity, or of gayety and mirth.
He would be at his frolic once again. Roscommon.
2. A scene of gayety and mirth, as in lively play, or in dancing; a
merrymaking.
Frolic
Frol"ic, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Frolicked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Frolicking.] To play wild pranks; to play tricks of levity, mirth, and
gayety; to indulge in frolicsome play; to sport.
Hither, come hither, and frolic and play. Tennyson.
Frolicful
Frol"ic*ful (?), a. Frolicsome. [R.]
Frolicky
Frol"ick*y (?), a. Frolicsome. [Obs.] Richardson.
Frolicly
Frol"ic*ly, adv. In a frolicsome manner; with mirth and gayety. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
Frolicsome
Frol"ic*some (?), a. Full of gayety and mirth; given to pranks;
sportive.
Old England, who takes a frolicsome brain fever once every two or
three years, for the benefit of her doctors. Sir W. Scott.
-- Frol"ic*some*ly, adv. -- Frol"ic*some*ness, n.
From
From (?), prep. [AS. fram, from; akin to OS. fram out, OHG. & Icel.
fram forward, Sw. fram, Dan. frem, Goth. fram from, prob. akin to E.
forth. Fro, Foremost.] Out of the neighborhood of; lessening or losing
proximity to; leaving behind; by reason of; out of; by aid of; -- used
whenever departure, setting out, commencement of action, being, state,
occurrence, etc., or procedure, emanation, absence, separation, etc.,
are to be expressed. It is construed with, and indicates, the point of
space or time at which the action, state, etc., are regarded as
setting out or beginning; also, less frequently, the source, the
cause, the occasion, out of which anything proceeds; -- the
aritithesis and correlative of to; as, it, is one hundred miles from
Boston to Springfield; he took his sword from his side; light proceeds
from the sun; separate the coarse wool from the fine; men have all
sprung from Adam, and often go from good to bad, and from bad to
worse; the merit of an action depends on the principle from which it
proceeds; men judge of facts from personal knowledge, or from
testimony.
Experience from the time past to the time present. Bacon.
The song began from Jove. Drpden.
From high M\'91onia's rocky shores I came. Addison.
If the wind blow any way from shore. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Fr om so metimes de notes aw ay fr om, re mote fr om,
inconsistent with. "Anything so overdone is from the purpose of
playing." Shak. From, when joined with another preposition or an
adverb, gives an opportunity for abbreviating the sentence. "There
followed him great multitudes of people . . . from [the land]
beyond Jordan." Math. iv. 25. In certain constructions, as from
forth, from out, etc., the ordinary and more obvious arrangment is
inverted, the sense being more distinctly forth from, out from --
from being virtually the governing preposition, and the word the
adverb. See From off, under Off, adv., and From afar, under Afar,
adv.
Sudden partings such as press The life from out young hearts.
Byron.
Fromward, Fromwards
From"ward (?), From"wards (?), prep. [AS. framweard about to depart.
Cf. Froward] A way from; -- the contrary of toward. [Obs.]
Towards or fromwards the zenith. Cheyne.
Frond
Frond (?), n. [L. frons, frondis, a leafy branch, foliage.] (Bot.) The
organ formed by the combination or union into one body of stem and
leaf, and often bearing the fructification; as, the frond of a fern or
of a lichen or seaweed; also, the peculiar leaf of a palm tree.
Frondation
Fron*da"tion (?), n. [L. frondatio, from frons. See Frond.] The act of
stripping, as trees, of leaves or branches; a kind of pruning. Evelyn.
Fronde
Fronde (?), n. [F.] (F. Hist.) A political party in France, during the
minority of Louis XIV., who opposed the government, and made war upon
the court party.
Fronded
Frond"ed (?), a. Furnished with fronds. "Fronded palms." Whittier.
Frondent
Fron"dent (?), a. [L. frondens, p. pr. of frondere to put forth
leaves. See Frond.] Covered with leaves; leafy; as, a frondent tree.
[R.]
Frondesce
Fron*desce" (?), v. i. [L. frondescere, inchoative fr. frondere. See
Frondent.] To unfold leaves, as plants.
Frondescence
Fron*des"cence (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The time at which each species of
plants unfolds its leaves. (b) The act of bursting into leaf. Milne.
Martyn.
Frondeur
Fron"deur` (?), n. [F.] (F. Hist.) A member of the Fronde.
Frondiferous
Fron*dif"er*ous (?), a. [L. frondifer frons a leafy branch + ferre to
bear: cf. F. frondifere.] Producing fronds.
Frondlet
Frond"let (?), n. (Bot.) A very small frond, or distinct portion of a
compound frond.
Frondose
Fron*dose" (?), a. [L. frondosus leafy.] (Bot.) (a) Frond bearing;
resembling a frond; having a simple expansion not separable into stem
and leaves. (b) Leafy. Gray.
Frondous
Fron"dous (?), a. (Bot.) Frondose. [R.]
Frons
Frons (?), n. [L., front.] (Anal.) The forehead; the part of the
cranium between the orbits and the vertex.
Front
Front (?), n. [F. frant forehead, L. frons, frontis; perh. akin to E.
brow.]
1. The forehead or brow, the part of the face above the eyes;
sometimes, also, the whole face.
Bless'd with his father's front, his mother's tongue. Pope.
Grim-visaged war hath smoothed his wrinkled front. Shak.
His front yet threatens, and his frowns command. Prior.
2. The forehead, countenance, or personal presence, as expressive of
character or temper, and especially, of boldness of disposition,
sometimes of impudence; seeming; as, a bold front; a hardened front.
With smiling fronts encountering. Shak.
The inhabitants showed a bold front. Macaulay.
3. The part or surface of anything which seems to look out, or to be
directed forward; the fore or forward part; the foremost rank; the
van; -- the opposite to back or rear; as, the front of a house; the
front of an army.
Had he his hurts before? Ay, on the front. Shak.
4. A position directly before the face of a person, or before the
foremost part of a thing; as, in front of un person, of the troops, or
of a house.
5. The most conspicuous part.
The very head and front of my offending. Shak.
6. That which covers the foremost part of the head: a front piece of
false hair worn by women.
Like any plain Miss Smith's, who wears s front. Mrs. Browning.
7. The beginning. "Summer's front." Shak.
Bastioned front (Mil.), a curtain connerting two half bastions. --
Front door, the door in the front wall of a building, usually the
principal entrance. -- Front of fortification, the works constructed
upon any one side of a polygon. Farrow. -- Front of operations, all
that part of the field of operations in front of the successive
positions occupied by the army as it moves forward. Farrow. -- To come
to the front, to attain prominence or leadership.
Front
Front, a. Of or relating to the front or forward part; having a
position in front; foremost; as, a front view.
Front
Front, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fronted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fronting.]
1. To oppose face to face; to oppose directly; to meet in a hostile
manner.
You four shall front them in the narrow lane. Shak.
2. To appear before; to meet.
[Enid] daily fronted him In some fresh splendor. Tennyson.
3. To face toward; to have the front toward; to confront; as, the
house fronts the street.
And then suddenly front the changed reality. J. Morley.
4. To stand opposed or opposite to, or over against as, his house
fronts the church.
5. To adorn in front; to supply a front to; as, to front a house with
marble; to front a head with laurel.
Yonder walls, that pertly front your town. Shak.
Front
Front, v. t. To have or turn the face or front in any direction; as,
the house fronts toward the east.
Frontage
Front"age (?), n. The front part of an edifice or lot; extent of
front.
Frontal
Fron"tal (?), a. [Cf. F. frontal.] Belonging to the front part; being
in front; esp. (Anat.), Of or pertaining to the forehead or the
anterior part of the roof of the brain case; as, the frontal bones.
Frontal
Fron"tal, n. [F. frontal, fronteau, OF. Frontel, frontal, L. frontale
an ornament for the forehead, frontlet. See Front.]
1. Something worn on the forehead or face; a frontlet; as: (a) An
ornamental band for the hair. (b) (Mil.) The metal face guard of a
soldier.
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2. (Arch.) A little pediment over a door or window.
3. (Eccl.) A movable, decorative member in metal, carved wood, or,
commonly, in rich stuff or in embroidery, covering the front of the
altar. Frontals are usually changed according to the different
ceremonies.
4. (Med.) A medicament or application for the forehead. [Obs.] Quincy.
5. (Anat.) The frontal bone, or one of the two frontal bones, of the
cranium.
Frontal hammer OR helve, a forge hammer lifted by a cam, acting upon a
"tongue" immediately in front of the hammer head. Raymond.
Frontate, Fron'tated
Fron"tate (?), Fron'ta*ted (?), a. Growing broader and broader, as a
leaf; truncate.
Fronted
Front"ed (?), a. Formed with a front; drawn up in line. "Fronted
brigades." Milton.
Frontier
Fron"tier (?), n. [F. fronti\'8are, LL. frontaria. See Front.]
1. That part of a country which fronts or faces another country or an
unsettled region; the marches; the border, confine, or extreme part of
a country, bordering on another country; the border of the settled and
cultivated part of a country; as, the frontier of civilization.
2. (Fort.) An outwork. [Obs.]
Palisadoes, frontiers, parapets. Shak.
Frontier
Fron"tier, a.
1. Lying on the exterior part; bordering; conterminous; as, a frontier
town.
2. Of or relating to a frontier. "Frontier experience." W. Irving.
Frontier
Fron"tier, v. i. To constitute or form a frontier; to have a frontier;
-- with on. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.
Frontiered
Fron"tiered (?), p. a. Placed on the frontiers. [R.]
Floatiersman
Floa"tiers*man (?), n.; pl. Frontiersmen (. A man living on the
frontier.
Frontignac, Frontignan
Fron`ti*gnac" (?), Fron`ti`gnan" (, n. [So called from Frontignan, a
town in Southern France.]
1. A sweet muscadine wine made in Frontignan (Languedoc), France.
2. (Bot.) A grape of many varieties and colors.
Frontingly
Front"ing*ly (?), adv. In a fronting or facing position; opposingly.
Frontiniac
Fron`tin*iac" (?), n. See Frontignac.
Frontispiece
Fron"tis*piece (?), n. [F. frontispice, LL. frontispicium beginning,
front of a church, fr. L. frons front + spicere, specere, to look at,
view: cf. It. frontispizio. See Front and Spy.] The part which first
meets the eye; as: (a) (Arch.) The principal front of a building.
[Obs. or R.] (b) An ornamental figure or illustration fronting the
first page, or titlepage, of a book; formerly, the titlepage itself.
Frontless
Front"less (?), a. Without face or front; shameless; not diffident;
impudent. [Obs.] "Frontless vice." Dryden. "Frontless flattery." Pope.
Frontlessly
Front"less*ly, adv. Shamelessly; impudently. [Obs.]
Frontlet
Front"let (?), n. [OF. frontelet brow band, dim. of frontel, frontal.
See Frontal, n.]
1. A frontal or brow band; a fillet or band worn on the forehead.
They shall be as frontlets between thine eyes. Deut. vi. 8.
2. A frown (likened to a frontlet). [R. & Poetic]
What makes that frontlet on? Methinks you are too much of late i'
the frown. Shak.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The margin of the head, behind the bill of birds, often
bearing rigid bristles.
Fronto-
Fron"to- (?). [L. frons, frontis, the forehead.] (Anat.) A combining
form signifying relating to the forehead or the frontal bone; as,
fronto-parietal, relating to the frontal and the parietal bones;
fronto-nasal, etc.
Fronton
Fron`ton" (?), n. [F., a pediment. See Front.] (Arch.) Same as
Frontal, 2. <--2. a jai-alai fronton -->
Froppish
Frop"pish (?), a. [Cf. Frap, Frape.] Peevish; froward. [Obs.]
Clarendon.
Frore
Frore (?), adv. [See Frorn.] Frostily. [Obs.]
The parching air Burns frore, and cold performs the effect of fire.
Milton.
Frorn
Frorn (?), p. a. [AS. froren, p. p. of fre\'a2sun to freeze. See
Freeze.] Frozen. [Obs.]
Well nigh frorn I feel. Spenser.
Frory
Fro"ry (?), a. [AS. fre\'a2rig. See Frorn.]
1. Frozen; stiff with cold. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. Covered with a froth like hoarfrost. [Archaic]
The foaming steed with frory bit to steer. Fairfax.
Frost
Frost (?), n. [OE. frost, forst, AS. forst, frost. fr. fre\'a2san to
freeze; akin to D. varst, G., OHG., Icel., Dan., & Sw. frost. \'fb18.
See Freeze, v. i.]
1. The act of freezing; -- applied chiefly to the congelation of
water; congelation of fluids.
2. The state or temperature of the air which occasions congelation, or
the freezing of water; severe cold or freezing weather.
The third bay comes a frost, a killing frost. Shak.
3. Frozen dew; -- called also hoarfrost or white frost.
He scattereth the frost like ashes. Ps. cxlvii. 16.
4. Coldness or insensibility; severity or rigidity of character. [R.]
It was of those moments of intense feeling when the frost of the
Scottish people melts like a snow wreath. Sir W. Scott.
Black frost, cold so intense as to freeze vegetation and cause it to
turn black, without the formation of hoarfrost. -- Frost bearer
(Physics), a philosophical instrument illustrating the freezing of
water in a vacuum; a cryophous. -- Frost grape (Bot.), an American
grape, with very small, acid berries. -- Frost lamp, a lamp placed
below the oil tube of an Argand lamp to keep the oil limpid on cold
nights; -- used especially in lighthouses. Knight. -- Frost nail, a
nail with a sharp head driven into a horse's shoe to keen him from
slipping. -- Frost smoke, an appearance resembling smoke, caused by
congelation of vapor in the atmosphere in time of severe cold.
The brig and the ice round her are covered by a strange black
obscurity: it is the frost smoke of arctic winters. Kane.
-- Frost valve, a valve to drain the portion of a pipe, hydrant, pump,
etc., where water would be liable to freeze. -- Jack Frost, a popular
personification of frost.
Frost
Frost (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frostted; p. pr. & vb. n. Frosting.]
1. To injure by frost; to freeze, as plants.
2. To cover with hoarfrost; to produce a surface resembling frost
upon, as upon cake, metals, or glass.
While with a hoary light she frosts the ground. Wordsworth.
3. To roughen or sharpen, as the nail heads or calks of horseshoes, so
as to fit them for frosty weather.
Frostbird
Frost"bird (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The golden plover.
Frostbite
Frost"bite (?), n. The freezing, or effect of a freezing, of some part
of the body, as the ears or nose. Kane.
Frostbite
Frost`bite", v. t. To expose to the effect of frost, or a frosty air;
to blight or nip with frost.
My wife up and with Mrs. Pen to walk in the fields to frostbite
themselves. Pepys.
Frost-bitten
Frost`-bit"ten (?), p. a. Nipped, withered, or injured, by frost or
freezing.
Frost-blite
Frost`-blite" (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A plant of the genus Atriplex;
orache. Gray. (b) The lamb's-quarters (Chenopodium album). Dr. Prior.
Frosted
Frost"ed, a. Covered with hoarfrost or anything resembling hoarfrost;
ornamented with frosting; also, frost-bitten; as, a frosted cake;
frosted glass.
Frosted work is introduced as a foil or contrast to burnished work.
Knight.
Frostfish
Frost`fish" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The tomcod; -- so called because it
is abundant on the New England coast in autumn at about the
commencement of frost. See Tomcod. (b) The smelt. [Local, U. S.] (c) A
name applied in New Zealand to the scabbard fish (Lepidotus) valued as
a food fish.
Frostily
Frost"i*ly (?), adv. In a frosty manner.
Frostiness
Frost"i*ness, n. State or quality of being frosty.
Frosting
Frost"ing, n.
1. A composition of sugar and beaten egg, used to cover or ornament
cake, pudding, etc.
2. A lusterless finish of metal or glass; the process of producing
such a finish.
Frostless
Frost"less, a. Free from frost; as, a frostless winter.
Frostweed
Frost"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) An American species of rockrose
(Helianthemum Canadense), sometimes used in medicine as an astringent
or aromatic tonic.
NOTE: &hand; It ha s large yellow flowers which are often sterile,
and later it has abundant but inconspicuous flowers which bear
seed. It is so called because, late in autumn, crystals of ice
shoot from the cracked bark at the root; -- called also frostwort.
Frostwork
Frost`work" (?), n. The figurework, often fantastic and delicate,
which moisture sometimes forms in freezing, as upon a window pane or a
flagstone.
Frostwort
Frost`wort" (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Frostweed.
Frosty
Frost"y (?), a. [Cf. AS. fyrstig.]
1. Attended with, or producing, frost; having power to congeal water;
cold; freezing; as, a frosty night.
2. Covered with frost; as, the grass is frosty.
3. Chill in affection; without warmth of affection or courage.
Johnson.
4. Appearing as if covered with hoarfrost; white; gray-haired; as, a
frosty head. Shak.
Frote
Frote (?), v. t. [F. frotter.] To rub or wear by rubbing; to chafe.
[Obs.] B. Jonson.
Froterer
Fro"ter*er (?), n. One who frotes; one who rubs or chafes. [Obs.]
Marston.
Froth
Froth (?), n. [OE. frothe, Icel. fro\'eba; akin to Dan. fraade, Sw.
fradga, AS. \'befreo\'eban to froth.]
1. The bubbles caused in fluids or liquors by fermentation or
agitation; spume; foam; esp., a spume of saliva caused by disease or
nervous excitement.
2. Any empty, senseless show of wit or eloquence; rhetoric without
thought. Johnson.
It was a long speech, but all froth. L'Estrange.
3. Light, unsubstantial matter. Tusser.
Froth insect (Zo\'94l.), the cuckoo spit or frog hopper; -- called
also froth spit, froth worm, and froth fly. -- Froth spit. See Cuckoo
spit, under Cuckoo.
Froth
Froth, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frothed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.. Frothing.]
1. To cause to foam.
2. To spit, vent, or eject, as froth.
He . . . froths treason at his mouth. Dryden.
Is your spleen frothed out, or have ye more? Tennyson.
3. To cover with froth; as, a horse froths his chain.
Froth
Froth, v. i. To throw up or out spume, foam, or bubbles; to foam; as
beer froths; a horse froths.
Frothily
Froth"i*ly (?), adv. In a frothy manner.
Frothiness
Froth"i*ness, n. State or quality of being frothy.
Frothing
Froth"ing, n. Exaggerated declamation; rant.
Frothless
Froth"less, a. Free from froth.
Frothy
Froth"y (?), a. [Compar. Frothier (?); superl. Frothiest.]
1. Full of foam or froth, or consisting of froth or light bubbles;
spumous; foamy.
2. Not firm or solid; soft; unstable. Bacon.
3. Of the nature of froth; light; empty; unsubstantial; as, a frothy
speaker or harangue. Tillotson.
Frounce
Frounce (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Frounced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Frouncing (?).] [OE. frouncen, fronsen, to told, wrinkle, OF.
froncier, F. froncer, perh. fr. an assumed LL. frontiare to wrinkle
the forehead, L. frons forehead. See Front, and cf. Flounce part of a
dress.] To gather into or adorn with plaits, as a dress; to form
wrinkles in or upon; to curl or frizzle, as the hair.
Not tricked and frounced, as she was wont. Milton.
Frounce
Frounce, v. i. To form wrinkles in the forehead; to manifest
displeasure; to frown. [Obs.]
The Commons frounced and stormed. Holland.
Frounce
Frounce, n.
1. A wrinkle, plait, or curl; a flounce; -- also, a frown. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
2. An affection in hawks, in which white spittle gathers about the
hawk's bill. Booth.
Frounceless
Frounce"less, a. Without frounces. Rom. of R.
Frouzy
Frou"zy (?), a. [Prov. E. frouzy froward, peevish, offensive to the
eye or smell; cf. froust a musty smell, frouse to rumple, frouze to
curl, and E. frounce, frowy.] Fetid, musty; rank; disordered and
offensive to the smell or sight; slovenly; dingy. See Frowzy.
"Petticoats in frouzy heaps." Swift.
Frow
Frow (?), n. [D. vrouw; akin to G. frau woman, wife, goth, fr\'a0uja
master, lord, AS. fre\'a0.]
1. A woman; especially, a Dutch or German woman. Beau. & Fl.
2. A dirty woman; a slattern. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Frow
Frow (?), n. [Cf. Frower.] A cleaving tool with handle at right angles
to the blade, for splitting cask staves and shingles from the block; a
frower.
Frow
Frow (?), a. Brittle. [Obs.] Evelyn.
Froward
Fro"ward (?), a. [Fro + -ward. See Fro, and cf. Fromward.] Not willing
to yield or compIy with what is required or is reasonable; perverse;
disobedient; peevish; as, a froward child.
A froward man soweth strife. Prov. xvi. 28.
A froward retention of custom is as turbulent a thing as
innovation. Bacon.
Syn. -- Untoward; wayward; unyielding; ungovernable: refractory;
obstinate; petulant; cross; peevish. See Perverse. -- Fro"ward*ly,
adv. -- Fro"ward*ness, n.
Frower
Frow"er (?), n. [Cf. frow a frower, and Prov. E, frommard.] A tool.
See 2d Frow. Tusser.
Frowey
Frow"ey (?), a. [See Frow, a.] (Carp.) Working smoothly, or without
splitting; -- said of timber.
Frown
Frown (?), v. i. [imp. &, p. p. Frowned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Frowning.] [OF. froignier, F. frogner, in se refrogner, se renfrogner,
to knit the brow, to frown; perh. of Teutonic origin; cf. It. in
frigno wrinkled, frowning, Prov. It. frignare to cringe the face, to
make a wry face, dial. Sw. fryna to make a wry face,]
1. To contract the brow in displeasure, severity, or sternness; to
scowl; to put on a stern, grim, or surly look.
The frowning wrinkle of her brow. Shak.
2. To manifest displeasure or disapprobation; to look with disfavor or
threateningly; to lower; as, polite society frowns upon rudeness.
The sky doth frown and lower upon our army. Shak.
Frown
Frown, v. t. To repress or repel by expressing displeasure or
disapproval; to rebuke with a look; as, frown the impudent fellow into
silence.
Frown
Frown, n.
1. A wrinkling of the face in displeasure, rebuke, etc.; a sour,
severe, or stere look; a scowl.
His front yet threatens, and his frowns command. Prior.
Her very frowns are fairer far Than smiles of other maidens are. H.
Coleridge.
2. Any expression of displeasure; as, the frowns of Providence; the
frowns of Fortune.
Frowningly
Frown"ing*ly, adv. In a frowning manner.
Frowny
Frown"y (?), a. Frowning; scowling. [Obs.]
Her frowny mother's ragged shoulder. Sir F. Palgrave.
Frowy
Frow"y (?), a. [Cf. Frowzy, Frouzy.] Musty. rancid; as, frowy butter.
"Frowy feed." Spenser
Frowzy
Frow"zy (?), a. [See Frouzy.] Slovenly; unkempt; untidy; frouzy. "With
head all frowzy." Spenser.
The frowzy soldiers' wives hanging out clothes. W. D. Howells.
Froze
Froze (?), imp. of Freeze.
Frozen
Fro"zen (?), a.
1. Congealed with cold; affected by freezing; as, a frozen brook.
They warmed their frozen feet. Dryden.
2. Subject to frost, or to long and severe cold; chilly; as, the
frozen north; the frozen zones.
3. Cold-hearted; unsympathetic; unyielding. [R.]
Be not ever frozen, coy. T. Carew.
Frozenness
Fro"zen*ness, n. A state of being frozen.
Frubish
Frub"ish (?), v. t. [See Furbish.] To rub up: to furbish. [Obs.] Beau.
c& Et.
Fructed
Fruc"ted (?), a. [L. fructus fruit. See Fruit.] (Her.) Bearing fruit;
-- said of a tree or plant so represented upon an escutcheon. Cussans.
Fructescence
Fruc*tes"cence (?), n. [L. fructus fruit.] (Bot.) The maturing or
ripening of fruit. [R.] Martyn.
Fructiculose
Fruc*tic"u*lose` (?), a. Fruitful; full of fruit.
Fructidor
Fruc`ti`dor" (?), n. [F., fr. L. fructus fruit.] The twelfth month of
the French republican calendar; -- commencing August 18, and ending
September 16. See Vend\'82miaire.
Fructiferuos
Fruc*tif"er*uos (?), a. [L. fructifer; fructus fruit + ferre to bear;
cf. F. fructif\'8are.] Bearing or producing fruit. Boyle.
Fructification
Fruc`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. fructificatio: cf. F. fructification.]
1. The act of forming or producing fruit; the act of fructifying, or
rendering productive of fruit; fecundation.
The prevalent fructification of plants. Sir T. Brown.
2. (Bot.) (a) The collective organs by which a plant produces its
fruit, or seeds, or reproductive spores. (b) The process of producing
fruit, or seeds, or spores.
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Fructify
Fruc"ti*fy (?), v. i. [F. fructifier, L. fructificare; fructus fruit +
ficare (only in comp.), akin to L. facere to make. See Fruit, and
Fact.] To bear fruit. "Causeth the earth to fructify." Beveridge.
Fructify
Fruc"ti*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fructified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fructifying.] To make fruitful; to render productive; to fertilize;
as, to fructify the earth.
Fructose
Fruc*tose" (?), n. [L. fructus fruit.] (Chem.) Fruit sugar; levulose.
[R.]
Fructuary
Fruc"tu*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Fructuaries (#). [L. fructuarius.] One who
enjoys the profits, income, or increase of anything.
Kings are not proprietors nor fructuaries. Prynne.
Fructuation
Fruc"tu*a`tion (?), n. Produce; fruit, [R.]
Fructuous
Fruc"tu*ous (?), a. [L. fructuosus: cf, F. fructueux.] Fruitful;
productive; profitable. [Obs.]
Nothing fructuous or profitable. Chaucer.
-- Fruc"tu*ous*ly, adv. -- Fruc"tu*ous*ness, n. [Obs.]
Fructure
Fruc"ture (?), n. [L. frui, p. p. fructus, to enjoy. See Fruit, n.]
Use; fruition; enjoyment. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
Frue vanner
Frue" van"ner (?). [Etymol. uncertain.] (Mining) A moving, inclined,
endless apron on which ore is concentrated by a current of water; a
kind of buddle.
Frugal
Fru"gal (?), a. [L. frugalis, fr. frugi, lit., for fruit; hence, fit
for food, useful, proper, temperate, the dative of frux, frugis,
fruit, akin to E. fruit: cf. F. frugal. See Fruit, n.]
1. Economical in the use or appropriation of resources; not wasteful
or lavish; wise in the expenditure or application of force, materials,
time, etc.; characterized by frugality; sparing; economical; saving;
as, a frugal housekeeper; frugal of time.
I oft admire How Nature, wise and frugal, could commit Such
disproportions. Milton.
2. Obtained by, or appropriate to, economy; as, a frugal fortune.
"Frugal fare." Dryden.
Frugality
Fru*gal"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Frugalities (#). [L. frugalitas: cf. F.
frugalit\'82.]
1. The quality of being frugal; prudent economy; that careful
management of anything valuable which expends nothing unnecessarily,
and applies what is used to a profitable purpose; thrift; --- opposed
to extravagance.
Frugality is founded on the principle that all riches have limits.
Burke.
2. A sparing use; sparingness; as, frugality of praise. Syn. --
Economy; parsimony. See Economy.
Frugally
Fru"gal*ly (?), adv. Thriftily; prudently.
Frugalness
Fru"gal*ness, n. Quality of being frugal; frugality.
Frugiferous
Fru*gif"er*ous (?), a. [L. frugifer; frux, frugis, fruit + ferre to
bear: cf. F. frugifere.] Producing fruit; fruitful; fructiferous. Dr.
H. More.
Frugivora
Fru*giv"o*ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Frugivorous.] (Zo\'94l.) The fruit
bate; a group of the Cheiroptera, comprising the bats which live on
fruits. See Eruit bat, under Fruit.
Frugivorous
Fru*giv"o*rous (?), a. [L. frux, frugis, fruit + vorare to devour.:
cf. F. frugivore.] Feeding on fruit, as birds and other animals.
Pennant.
Fruit
Fruit (?), n. [OE. fruit, frut, F. fruit, from L. fructus enjoyment,
product, fruit, from frui, p. p. fructus, to enjoy; akin to E. brook,
v. t. See Broook, v. t., and cf. Fructify, Frugal.]
1. Whatever is produced for the nourishment or enjoyment of man or
animals by the processes of vegetable growth, as corn, grass, cotton,
flax, etc.; -- commonly used in the plural.
Six years thou shalt sow thy land, and shalt gather in the fruits
thereof. Ex. xxiii. 10.
2. (Hort.) The pulpy, edible seed vessels of certain plants,
especially those grown on branches above ground, as apples, oranges,
grapes, melons, berries, etc. See 3.
3. (Bot.) The ripened ovary of a flowering plant, with its contents
and whatever parts are consolidated with it.
NOTE: &hand; Fruits are classified as fleshy, drupaceous, and -dry.
Fleshy fruits include berries, gourds, and melons, orangelike
fruita and pomes; drupaceous fruits are stony within and fleshy
without, as peaches, plums, and chercies;and dry fruits are further
divided into achenes, follicles, legumes, capsules, nuts, and
several other kinds.
4. (Bot.) The spore cases or conceptacles of flowerless plants, as of
ferns, mosses, algae, etc., with the spores contained in them.
6. The produce of animals; offspring; young; as, the fruit of the
womb, of the loins, of the body.
King Edward's fruit, true heir to the English crown. Shak.
6. That which is produced; the effect or consequence of any action;
advantageous or desirable product or result; disadvantageous or evil
consequence or effect; as, the fruits of labor, of self-denial, of
intemperance.
The fruit of rashness. Shak.
What I obtained was the fruit of no bargain. Burke.
They shall eat the fruit of their doings. Is. iii 10.
The fruits of this education became visible. Macaulay.
NOTE: &hand; Fr uit is frequently used adjectively, signifying of,
for, or pertaining to a fruit or fruits; as, fruit bud; fruit
frame; fruit jar; fruit knife; fruit loft; fruit show; fruit stall;
fruit tree; etc.
Fruit bat (Zo\'94l.), one of the Frugivora; -- called also
fruit-eating bat. -- Fruit bud (Bot.), a bud that produces fruit; --
in most oplants the same as the power bud. Fruit dot (Bot.), a
collection of fruit cases, as in ferns. See Sorus. -- Fruit fly
(Zo\'94l.), a small dipterous insect of the genus Drosophila, which
lives in fruit, in the larval state. -- Fruit jar, a jar for holding
preserved fruit, usually made of glass or earthenware. -- Fruit pigeon
(Zo\'94l.), one of numerous species of pigeons of the family
Carpophagid\'91, inhabiting India, Australia, and the Pacific Islands.
They feed largely upon fruit. and are noted for their beautiful
colors. -- Fruit sugar (Chem.), a kind of sugar occurring, naturally
formed, in many ripe fruits, and in honey; levulose. The name is also,
though rarely, applied to invert sugar, or to the natural mixture or
dextrose and levulose resembling it, and found in fruits and honey. --
Fruit tree (Hort.), a tree cultivated for its edible fruit. -- Fruit
worm (Zo\'94l.), one of numerous species of insect larv\'91: which
live in the interior of fruit. They are mostly small species of
Lepidoptera and Diptera. -- Small fruits (Hort.), currants,
raspberries, strawberries, etc.
Fruit
Fruit (?), v. i. To bear fruit. Chesterfield.
Fruitage
Fruit"age (?), n. [F. fruitage.]
1. Fruit, collectively; fruit, in general; fruitery.
The trees . . . ambrosial fruitage bear. Milton.
2. Product or result of any action; effect, good or ill.
Fruiter
Fruit"er (?), a. A ship for carrying fruit.
Fruiterer
Fruit"er*er (?), n. [Cf. F. fruitier.] One who deals in fruit; a
seller of fruits.
Fruiteress
Fruit"er*ess, n. A woman who sells fruit.
Fruitery
Fruit"er*y (?), n.; pl. Fruiteries (#). [F. fruiterie place where
fruit is kept, in OF. also, fruitage.]
1. Fruit, taken collectively; fruitage. J. Philips.
2. A repository for fruit. Johnson.
Fruitestere
Fruit"es*tere (?), n. A fruiteress. [Obs.]
Ftuitful
Ftuit"ful (?), a. Full of fruit; producing fruit abundantly; bearing
results; prolific; fertile; liberal; bountiful; as, a fruitful tree,
or season, or soil; a fruitful wife. -- Fruit"ful*ly, adv. --
Fruit"ful*ness, n.
Be fruitful and multiply and replenish the earth. Gen. i. 28.
[Nature] By disburdening grows More fruitful. Milton.
The great fruitfulness of the poet's fancy. Addison.
Syn. -- Fertile; prolific; productive; fecund; plentiful; rich;
abundant; plenteous. See Fertile.
Fruiting
Fruit"ing, a. Pertaining to, or producing, fruit.
Fruiting
Fruit"ing, n. The bearing of fruit.
Fruition
Fru*i"tion (?), n. [OF. fruition, L. fruitio, enjoyment, fr. L. frui,
p. p. fruitus, to use or enjoy. See Fruit, n.] Use or possession of
anything, especially such as is accompanied with pleasure or
satisfaction; pleasure derived from possession or use. "Capacity of
fruition." Rogers. "Godlike fruition." Milton.
Where I may have fruition of her love. Shak.
Fruitive
Fru"i*tive (?), a. [See Fruition.] Eujoying; possessing. [Obs.] Boyle.
Fruitless
Fruit"less (?), a.
1. Lacking, or not bearing, fruit; barren; destitute of offspring; as,
a fruitless tree or shrub; a fruitless marriage. Shak.
2. Productive of no advantage or good effect; vain; idle; useless;
unprofitable; as, a fruitless attempt; a fruitless controversy.
They in mutual accusation spent The fruitless hours. Milton.
Syn. -- Useless; barren; unprofitable; abortive; ineffectual; vain;
idle; profitless. See Useless. -- Fruit"less*ly, adv. --
Fruit"lness*ness, n.
Fruit'y
Fruit'y (?), a. Having the odor, taste, or appearance of fruit; also,
fruitful. Dickens.
Frumentaceous
Fru"men*ta"ceous (?), a. [L. frumentaceus, fr. frumentum corn or
grain, from the root of frux fruit: cf. F. frumentac\'82. See Frugal.]
Made of, or resembling, wheat or other grain.
Frumentarious
Fru`men*ta"ri*ous (?), a. [L. frumentarius.] Of or pertaining to wheat
or grain. [R.] Coles.
Frumentation
Fru`men*ta"tion (?), n. [L. frumentatio.] (Rom. Antiq.) A largess of
grain bestowed upon the people, to quiet them when uneasy.
Frumenty
Fru"men*ty (?), n. [OF. froment\'82e, fr. L. frumentum. See
Frumentaceous.] Food made of hulled wheat boiled in milk, with sugar,
plums, etc. [Written also furmenty and furmity.] Halliwell.
Frump
Frump (?), v. t. [Cf. Prov. E. frumple to wrinkle, ruffle, D.
frommelen.] To insult; to flout; to mock; to snub. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Frump
Frump, n.
1. A contemptuous speech or piece of conduct; a gibe or flout. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
2. A cross, old-fashioned person; esp., an old woman; a gossip.
[Colloq.] Halliwell.
Frumper
Frump"er (?), n. A mocker. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
Frumpish
Frump"ish, a.
1. Cross-tempered; scornful. [Obs.]
2. Old-fashioned, as a woman's dress.
Our Bell . . . looked very frumpish. Foote.
Frush
Frush (?), v. t. [F. froisser to bruise. Cf. Froise.] To batter; to
break in pieces. [Obs.]
I like thine armor well; I'll frush it and unlock the rivets all.
Shak.
Frush
Frush, a. Easily broken; brittle; crisp.
Frush
Frush, n. Noise; clatter; crash. [R.] Southey.
Frush
Frush, n. [Cf. OE. frosch, frosk, a frog (the animal), G. frosch frog
(the animal), also carney or lampass of horses. See Frog, n., 2.]
1. (Far.) The frog of a horse's foot.
2. A discharge of a fetid or ichorous matter from the frog of a
horse's foot; -- also caled thrush.
Frustrable
Frus"tra*ble (?), a. [L. frustrabilis: cf. F. frustable.] Capable of
beeing frustrated or defeated.
Frustraneous
Frus*tra"ne*ous (?), a. [See Frustrate, a.] Vain; useless;
unprofitable. [Obs.] South.
Frustrate
Frus"trate (?), a. [L. frustratus, p. p. of frustrare, frustrari, to
deceive, frustrate, fr. frustra in vain, witout effect, in erorr,
prob. for frudtra and akin to fraus, E. fraud.] Vain; ineffectual;
useless; unprofitable; null; voil; nugatory; of no effect. "Our
frustrate search." Shak.
Frustrate
Frus"trate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frustrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Frustrating.]
1. To bring to nothing; to prevent from attaining a purpose; to
disappoint; to defeat; to baffle; as, to frustrate a plan, design, or
attempt; to frustrate the will or purpose.
Shall the adversary thus obtain His end and frustrate thine ?
Milton.
2. To make null; to nullifly; to render invalid or of no effect; as,
to frustrate a conveyance or deed. Syn. -- To balk; thwart; foil;
baffle; defeat.
Frustrately
Frus"trate*ly (?), adv. In vain. [Obs.] Vicars.
Frustration
Frus*tra"tion (?), n. [L. frustratio: cf. OF. frustration.] The act of
frustrating; disappointment; defeat; as, the frustration of one's
designs
Frustrative
Frus"tra*tive (?), a. Tending to defeat; fallacious. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
Frustratory
Frus"tra*to*ry (?), a. [L. frustrotorius: cf. F. frustratoire.] Making
void; rendering null; as, a frustratory appeal. [Obs.] Ayliffe.
Frustule
Frus"tule (?), n. [L. frustulum, dim. fr. frustum a piece: cf. F.
frustule.] (Bot.) The siliceous shell of a diatom. It is composed of
two valves, one overlapping the other, like a pill box and its cover.
Frustulent
Frus"tu*lent (?), a. [L. frustulentus. See Frustule.] Abounding in
fragments. [R.]
Frustum
Frus"tum (?), n.; pl. L. Frusta (#), E. Frustums (#). [L. fruslum
piece, bit.]
1. (Geom.) The part of a solid next the base, formed by cutting off
the, top; or the part of any solid, as of a cone, pyramid, etc.,
between two planes, which may be either parallel or inclined to each
other.
2. (Arch.) One of the drums of the shaft of a column.
Frutage
Frut"age (?), n. [Cf. Fruitage.]
1. A picture of fruit; decoration by representation of fruit.
The cornices consist of frutages and festoons. Evelyn.
2. A confection of fruit. [Obs.] Nares.
Frutescent
Fru*tes"cent (?), a. [L. frulex, fruticis, shrub, bush: cf. F.
frutescent, L. fruticescens, p. pr.] (Bot.) Somewhat shrubby in
character; imperfectly shrubby, as the American species of Wistaria.
Frutex
Fru"tex (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) A plant having a woody, durable stem, but
less than a tree; a shrub.
Fruticant
Fru"ti*cant (?), a. [L. fruticans, p. pr. of fruticare, to become
bushy, fr. frutex, fruticis, shrub.] Full of shoots. [Obs.] Evelyn.
Fruticose
Fru"ti*cose` (?), a. [L. fruticosus, from frutex, fruticis, shrub]
(Bot.) Pertaining to a shrub or shrubs; branching like a shrub;
shrubby; shrublike; as, a fruticose stem. Gray.
Fruticous
Fru"ti*cous (?), a. (Bot.) Fruticose. [R.]
Fruticulose
Fru*tic"u*lose` (?), a. [Dim. fr. L. fruticosus bushy: cf. F.
fruticuleux.] (Bot.) Like, or pertaining to, a small shrub. Gray.
Fry
Fry (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Frying.] [OE.
frien, F. frire, fr. L. frigere to roast, parch, fry, cf. Gr. bhrajj.
Cf. Fritter.] To cook in a pan or on a griddle (esp. with the use of
fat, butter, or olive oil) by heating over a fire; to cook in boiling
lard or fat; as, to fry fish; to fry doughnuts.
Fry
Fry, v. i.
1. To undergo the process of frying; to be subject to the action of
heat in a frying pan, or on a griddle, or in a kettle of hot fat.
2. To simmer; to boil. [Obs.]
With crackling flames a caldron fries. Dryden
The frothy billows fry. Spenser.
3. To undergo or cause a disturbing action accompanied with a
sensation of heat.
To keep the oil from frying in the stomach. Bacon.
4. To be agitated; to be greatly moved. [Obs.]
What kindling motions in their breasts do fry. Fairfax.
Ery
Ery, n.
1. A dish of anything fried.
2. A state of excitement; as, to be in a fry. [Colloq.]
Fry
Fry, n. [OE. fri, fry, seed, descendants, cf. OF. froye spawning,
spawn of. fishes, little fishes, fr. L. fricare tosub (see
Friction), but cf. also Icel. fr\'91, frj\'d3, seed, Sw. & Dan.
fr\'94, Goth. fraiw seed, descendants.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The young of any fish.
2. A swarm or crowd, especially of little fishes; young or small
things in general.
The fry of children young. Spenser.
To sever . . . the good fish from the other fry. Milton.
We have burned two frigates, and a hundred and twenty small fry.
Walpole.
Frying
Fry"ing, n. The process denoted by the verb fry.
Frying pan, an iron pan with a long handle, used for frying meat.
vegetables, etc.
Fuage
Fu"age (?), n. Same as Fumage.
Fuar
Fu"ar (?), n. Same as Feuar.
Fub, Fubs
Fub (?), Fubs (, n. [Cf. Fob a pocket.] A plump young person or child.
[Obs.] Smart.
Fub
Fub, v. t. [The same word as fob to cheat.] To put off by trickery; to
cheat. [Obs.]
I have been fubbed off, and fubbed off, and fabbed off, from this
day to that day. Shak.
Fubbery
Fub"ber*y (?), n. Cheating; deception. Marston.
Fubby, Fubsy
Fub"by (?), Fub"sy (?) a. Plump; chubby; short and stuffy; as a fubsy
sofa. [Eng.]
A fubsy, good-humored, silly . . . old maid. Mme. D'Arblay.
Fucate, Fucated
Fu"cate (?), Fu"ca*ted (?) a. [L. fucatus, p. p. of fucare to color,
paint, fr. fucus.] Painted; disguised with paint, or with false show.
Fuchs
Fuchs (?), n. [G., prop., a fox.] (German Univ.) A student of the
first year.
Fuchsia
Fuch"si*a (?), n.; pl. E. Fuchsias (#), L. Fuchsl\'91 (#). [NL. Named
after Leonard Fuchs, a German botanist.] (Bot.) A genus of flowering
plants having elegant drooping flowers, with four sepals, four petals,
eight stamens, and a single pistil. They are natives of Mexico and
South America. Double-flowered varieties are now common in
cultivation.
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Fuchsine
Fuch"sine (?), n. [Named by the French inventor, from Fuchs a fox, the
German equivalent of his own name, Renard.] (Chem.) Aniline red; an
artificial coal-tar dyestuff, of a metallic green color superficially,
resembling cantharides, but when dissolved forming a brilliant dark
red. It consists of a hydrochloride or acetate of rosaniline. See
Rosaniline.
Fucivorous
Fu*civ"o*rous (?), a. [Fucus + L. vorare to eat.] (Zo\'94l.) Eating
fucus or other seaweeds.
Fucoid
Fu"coid (?), a. [Fucus + -oid.] (Bot.) (a) Properly, belonging to an
order of alga: (Fucoide\'91) which are blackish in color, and produce
o\'94spores which are not fertilized until they have escaped from the
conceptacle. The common rockweeds and the gulfweed (Sargassum) are
fucoid in character. (b) In a vague sense, resembling seaweeds, or of
the nature of seaweeds.
Fucoid
Fu"coid, n. (Bot.) A plant, whether recent or fossil, which resembles
a seaweed. See Fucoid, a.
Fucoidal
Fu*coid"al (?), a.
1. (Bot.) Fucoid.
2. (Geol.) Containing impressions of fossil fucoids or seaweeds; as,
fucoidal sandstone.
Fucus
Fu"cus (?), n.; pl. Fuci (#). [L. rock lichen, orchil, used as a red
dye, red or purple color, disguise, deceit.]
1. A paint; a dye; also, false show. [Obs.]
2. (Bot.) A genus of tough, leathery seaweeds, usually of a dull
brownish green color; rockweed.
NOTE: &hand; Formerly most marine alg? were called fuci.
Fucusol
Fu"cu*sol (?), n. [Fucus + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) An oily liquid,
resembling, and possibly identical with, furfurol, and obtained from
fucus, and other seaweeds.
Fud
Fud (?), n. [Of uncertain origin.]
1. The tail of a hare, coney, etc. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Burns.
2. Woolen waste, for mixing with mungo and shoddy.
Fudder
Fud"der (?), n. See Fodder, a weight.
Fuaddle
Fuad"dle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p., Fuddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fuddling (?).] [Perh. formed as a kind of dim. of full. Cf. Fuzzle.]
To make foolish by drink; to cause to become intoxicated. [Colloq.]
I am too fuddled to take care to observe your orders. Steele.
Fuddle
Fud"dle, v. i. To drink to excess. [Colloq.]
Fuddler
Fud"dler (?), n. A drunkard. [Colloq.] Baxter.
Fudge
Fudge (?), n. [Cf. Prov. F. fuche, feuche, an interj. of contempt.] A
made-up story; stuff; nonsense; humbug; -- often an exclamation of
contempt.
Fudge
Fudge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fudged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fudging.]
1. To make up; to devise; to contrive; to fabricate.
Fudged up into such a smirkish liveliness. N. Fairfax.
2. To foist; to interpolate.
That last "suppose" is fudged in. Foote
.
Fudge wheel
Fudge" wheel" (?). (Shoemaking) A tool for ornamenting the edge of a
sole.
Fuegian
Fu*e"gi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Terra del Fuego. -- n. A native
of Terra del Fuego.
Fuel
Fu"el (?), n. [OF. fouail, fuail, or fouaille, fuaille, LL. focalium,
focale, fr. L. focus hearth, fireplace, in LL., fire. See Focus.]
[Formerly written also fewel.]
1. Any matter used to produce heat by burning; that which feeds fire;
combustible matter used for fires, as wood, coal, peat, etc.
2. Anything that serves to feed or increase passion or excitement.
Artificial fuel, fuel consisting of small particles, as coal dust,
sawdust, etc., consolidated into lumps or blocks.
Fael
Fa"el, v. t.
1. To feed with fuel. [Obs.]
Never, alas I the dreadful name, That fuels the infernal flame.
Cowley.
2. To store or furnish with fuel or firing. [Obs.]
Well watered and well fueled. Sir H. Wotton.
Fueler
Fu"el*er (?), n. One who, or that which, supplies fuel. [R.] [Written
also fueller.] Donne.
Fuero
Fu*e"ro (?), n. [Sp., fr. L. forum.] (Sp. Law) (a) A code; a charter;
a grant of privileges. (b) A custom having the force of law. (c) A
declaration by a magistrate. (d) A place where justice is
administered. (e) The jurisdiction of a tribunal. Burrill.
Fuff
Fuff (?), v. t. & i. [Of imitative origin. Cf. Puff.] To puff. [Prov.
Eng. A Local, U. S.] Halliwel.
Fuffy
Fuff"y, a. Light; puffy. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U. S.]
Fuga
Fu"ga (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) A fugue.
Fugacious
Fu*ga"cious (?), a. [L. fugax, fugacis, from fugere: cf. F. fugace.
See Fugitive.]
1. Flying, or disposed to fly; fleeing away; lasting but a short time;
volatile.
Much of its possessions is so hid, so fugacious, and of so
uncertain purchase. Jer. Taylor.
2. (Biol.) Fleeting; lasting but a short time; -- applied particularly
to organs or parts which are short-lived as compared with the life of
the individual.
Fugaciousness
Fu*ga"cious*ness, n. Fugacity. [Obs.]
Fugacity
Fu*gac"i*ty (?), a. [L fugacitas: cf. F. fugacit\'82.]
1. The quality of being fugacious; fugaclousness; volatility; as,
fugacity of spirits. Boyle.
2. Uncertainty; instability. Johnson.
Fugacy
Fu"ga*cy (?), n. Banishment. [Obs.] Milton.
Fugato
Fu*ga"to (?), a. (Mus.) in the gugue style, but not strictly like a
fugue. -- n. A composition resembling a fugue.
Fugh
Fugh (?), interj. An exclamation of disgust; foh; faugh. Dryden.
Fughetta
Fu*ghet"ta (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) a short, condensed fugue. Grove.
Fugitive
Fu"gi*tive (?), a. [OE. fugitif, F. fugitif, fr. L. fugitivus, fr.
fugere to flee. See Bow to bend, and cf. Feverfew.]
1. Fleeing from pursuit, danger, restraint, etc., escaping, from
service, duty etc.; as, a fugitive solder; a fugitive slave; a
fugitive debtor.
The fugitive Parthians follow. Shak.
Can a fugitive daughter enjoy herself while her parents are in
tear? Richardson
A libellous pamphlet of a fugitive physician. Sir H. Wotton.
2. Not fixed; not durable; liable to disappear or fall away; volatile;
uncertain; evanescent; liable to fade; -- applied to material and
immaterial things; as, fugitive colors; a fugitive idea.
The me more tender and fugitive parts, the leaves . . . of
vegatables. Woodward.
Fugitive compositions, Such as are short and occasional, and so
published that they quickly escape notice. Syn. -- Fleeting; unstable;
wandering; uncertain; volatile; fugacious; fleeing; evanescent.
Fugitive
Fu"gi*tive (?), n.
1. One who flees from pursuit, danger, restraint, service, duty, etc.;
a deserter; as, a fugitive from justice.
2. Something hard to be caught or detained.
Or Catch that airy fugitive called wit. Harte.
Fugitive from justice (Law), one who, having committed a crime in one
jurisdiction, flees or escapes into another to avoid punishment.
Fugitively
Fu"gi*tive*ly, adv. In a fugitive manner.
Fugitiveness
Fu"gi*tive*ness, n. The quality or condition of being fugitive;
evanescence; volatility; fugacity; instability.
Fugle
Fu"gle (?), v. i. To maneuver; to move hither and thither. [Colloq.]
Wooden arms with elbow joints jerking and fugling in the air.
Carlyle.
Fugleman
Fu"gle*man (?), n.; pl. Fuglemen (#). [G. fl\'81gelmann file leader;
fl\'81gel wing (akin to E. fly) + mann man. Cf. Flugrelman.]
1. (Mil.) A soldier especially expert and well drilled, who takes his
place in front of a military company, as a guide for the others in
their exercises; a file leader. He originally stood in front of the
right wing. [Written also flugelman.]
2. Hence, one who leads the way. [Jocose]
Fugue
Fugue (?), n. [F., fr. It. fuga, fr. L. fuga a fleeing, flight, akin
to fugere to fiee. See Fugitive.] (Mus.) A polyphonic composition,
developed from a given theme or themes, according to strict
contrapuntal rules. The theme is first given out by one voice or part,
and then, while that pursues its way, it is repeated by another at the
interval of a fifth or fourth, and so on, until all the parts have
answered one by one, continuing their several melodies and
interweaving them in one complex progressive whole, in which the theme
is often lost and reappears.
All parts of the scheme are eternally chasing each other, like the
parts of a fugue. Jer. Taylor.
Fuguist
Fu"guist (?), n. (Mus.) A musician who composes or performs fugues.
Busby.
-ful
-ful (?). [See Full, a.] A suffix signifying full of, abounding with;
as, boastful, harmful, woeful.
Fulahs, Foolahs
Fu"lahs`, Foo"lahs` (, n. pl.; sing. Fulah, Foolan (. (Ethnol.) A
peculiar African race of uncertain origin, but distinct from the negro
tribes, inhabiting an extensive region of Western Soudan. Their color
is brown or yellowish bronze. They are Mohammedans. Called also
Fellatahs, Foulahs, and Fellani. Fulah is also used adjectively; as,
Fulah empire, tribes, language.
Fulbe
Ful"be (?), n. (Ethnol.) Same as Fulahs.
Fuldble
Ful"d*ble (?), a. [L. fulcire to prop.] Capable of being propped up.
[Obs.] Cockeram.
Fulciment
Ful"ci*ment (?), n. [L. fulcimentum, fr. fulcire to prop.] A prop; a
fulcrum. [Obs.] Bp. Wilkins.
Fulcra
Ful"cra (?), n. pl. See Fulcrum.
Fulcrate
Ful"crate (?), a. [See Fulcrum.]
1. (Bot.) Propped; supported by accessory organs. [R.] Gray.
2. Furnished with fulcrums.
Fulcrum
Ful"crum (?), n.; pl. L. Fulcra (#), E. Fulcrums (#). [L., bedpost,
fr. fulcire to prop.]
1. A prop or support.
2. (Mech.) That by which a lever is sustained, or about which it turns
in lifting or moving a body.
3. (Bot.) An accessory organ such as a tendril, stipule, spine, and
the like. [R.] Gray.
4. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The horny inferior surface of the lingua of certain
insects. (b) One of the small, spiniform scales found on the front
edge of the dorsal and caudal fins of many ganoid fishes.
5. (Anat.) The connective tissue supporting the framework of the
retina of the eye.
Fulfill
Ful*fill" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fulfilled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fulfilling.] [OE. fulfillen, fulfullen, AS. fulfyllan; ful full +
fyllan to fill. See Full, a., and Fill, v. t.] [Written also fulfil.]
1. To fill up; to make full or complete. [>Obs.] "Fulfill her week"
Gen. xxix. 27.
Suffer thou that the children be fulfilled first, for it is not
good to take the bread of children and give to hounds. Wyclif (Mark
vii. 27).
2. To accomplish or carry into effect, as an intention, promise, or
prophecy, a desire, prayer, or requirement, etc.; to complete by
performance; to answer the requisitions of; to bring to pass, as a
purpose or design; to effectuate.
He will, fulfill the desire of them fear him. Ps. cxlv. 199.
Here Nature seems fulfilled in all her ends. Milton.
Servants must their masters' minds fulfill. Shak.
Fulfiller
Ful*fill"er (?), n. One who fulfills. South.
Fulfillment
Ful*fill"ment (?), n. [Written also fulfilment.]
1. The act of fulfilling; accomplishment; completion; as, the
fulfillment of prophecy.
2. Execution; performance; as, the fulfillment of a promise.
Fulgency
Fulgen*cy (?), n. [See fulgent.] Brightness; splendor; glitter;
effulgence. Bailey.
Fulgent
Ful"gent (?), a. [L. fulgens, -entis, p. pr. of fulgere to flash,
glitter, shine, akin to Gr. Phlox, Flagrant.] Exquisitely bright;
shining; dazzling; effulgent.
Other Thracians . . . fulgent morions wore. Glower.
Fulgently
Ful"gent*ly, adv. Dazzlingly; glitteringly.
Fulgid
Ful"gid (?), a. [L. fulgidus. See Fulgent.] Shining; glittering;
dazzling. [R.] Pope.
Fulgidity
Ful*gid"i*ty (?), n. Splendor; resplendence; effulgence. [R.] Bailey.
Fulgor
Ful"gor (?), n. [L. fulgor, fr. fulgere to shine.] Dazzling
brightness; splendor. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Fulgurant
Ful"gu*rant (?) a. [L. fulgurans, p. pr. of fulgurare.] Lightening.
[R.] Dr. H. More.
Fulgurata
Ful"gu*ra"ta (?), n. [NL.] (Electricity) A spectro-electric tube in
which the decomposition of a liquid by the passage of an electric
spark is observed. Knight.
Fulgurate
Ful"gu*rate (?), v. i. [L. fulguratus, p. p. of fulgurare to flash,
fr. fulgur lightning, fr. fulgere to shine. See Fulgent.] To flash as
lightning. [R.]
Fulgurating
Ful"gu*ra`ting (?), a. (Med.) Resembling lightning; -- used to
describe intense lancinating painsaccompanying locomotor ataxy.
Fulguration
Ful"gu*ra`tion (?), n. [L. fulguratio: cf. F. fulguration.]
1. The act of lightening. [R.] Donne.
2. (Assaying) The sudden brightening of a fused globule of gold or
silver, when the last film of the oxide of lead or copper leaves its
surface; -- also called blick.
A phenomenon called, by the old chemists, fulguration. Ure.
Fulgurite
Ful"gu*rite (?), n. [L. fulguritus, p. p. of fulgurire to strike with
lightning, fr. fulgur lightning: cf. F. fulgurite.] A vitrified sand
tube produced by the striking of lightning on sand; a lightning tube;
also, the portion of rock surface fused by a lightning discharge.
Fulgury
Ful"gu*ry (?), n. [L. fulgur.] Lightning. [Obs.]
Fulham
Ful"ham (?), n. [So named because supposed to have been chiefly made
at Fulham, in Middlesex, Eng.) A false die. [Cant] [Written also
fullam.] Shak.
Fuliginosity
Fu*lig"i*nos"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. fuliginosit\'82.] The condition or
quality of being fuliginous; sootiness; matter deposited by smoke.
[R.]
Fuliginous
Fu*lig"i*nous (?), a. [L. fuliginosus, from fuligo soot: cf. F.
fuligineux. See Fume.]
1. Pertaining to soot; sooty; dark; dusky.
2. Pertaining to smoke; resembling smoke.
Fuliginously
Fu*lig"i*nous*ly, adv. In a smoky manner.
Fulimart
Fu"li*mart (?), n. Same as Foumart.
Full
Full (?), a. [Compar. Fuller (?); superl. Fullest.] [OE. & AS. ful;
akin to OS. ful, D. vol, OHG. fol, G. voll, Icel. fullr, Sw. full,
Dan. fuld, Goth. fulls, L. plenus, Gr. p, pr to fill, also to Gr.
poly-, pref., G. viel, AS. fela. &root;80. Cf. Complete, Fill,
Plenary, Plenty.]
1. Filled up, having within its limits all that it can contain;
supplied; not empty or vacant; -- said primarily of hollow vessels,
and hence of anything else; as, a cup full of water; a house full of
people.
Had the throne been full, their meeting would not have been
regular. Blackstone.
2. Abundantly furnished or provided; sufficient in. quantity, quality,
or degree; copious; plenteous; ample; adequate; as, a full meal; a
full supply; a full voice; a full compensation; a house full of
furniture.
3. Not wanting in any essential quality; complete, entire; perfect;
adequate; as, a full narrative; a person of full age; a full stop; a
full face; the full moon.
It came to pass, at the end of two full years, that Pharaoh
dreamed. Gen. xii. 1.
The man commands Like a full soldier. Shak.
I can not Request a fuller satisfaction Than you have freely
granted. Ford.
4. Sated; surfeited.
I am full of the burnt offerings of rams. Is. i. 11.
5. Having the mind filled with ideas; stocked with knowledge; stored
with information.
Reading maketh a full man. Bacon.
6. Having the attention, thoughts, etc., absorbed in any matter, and
the feelings more or less excited by it, as, to be full of some
project.
Every one is full of the miracles done by cold baths on decayed and
weak constitutions. Locke.
7. Filled with emotions.
The heart is so full that a drop overfills it. Lowell.
8. Impregnated; made pregnant. [Obs.]
Ilia, the fair, . . . full of Mars. Dryden.
At full, when full or complete. Shak. -- Full age (Law) the age at
which one attains full personal rights; majority; -- in England and
the United States the age of 21 years. Abbott. -- Full and by (Naut.),
sailing closehauled, having all the sails full, and lying as near the
wind as poesible. -- Full band (Mus.), a band in which all the
instruments are employed. -- Full binding, the binding of a book when
made wholly of leather, as distinguished from half binding. -- Full
bottom, a kind of wig full and large at the bottom. -- Full brother OR
sister, a brother or sister having the same parents as another. --
Full cry (Hunting), eager chase; -- said of hounds that have caught
the scent, and give tongue together. -- Full dress, the dress
prescribed by authority or by etiquette to be worn on occasions of
ceremony. -- Full hand (Poker), three of a kind and a pair. -- Full
moon. (a) The moon with its whole disk illuminated, as when opposite
to the sun. (b) The time when the moon is full. -- Full organ (Mus.),
the organ when all or most stops are out. -- Full score (Mus.), a
score in which all the parts for voices and instruments are given. --
Full sea, high water. -- Full swing, free course; unrestrained
liberty; "Leaving corrupt nature to . . . the full swing and freedom
of its own extravagant actings." South (Colloq.) -- In full, at
length; uncontracted; unabridged; written out in words, and not
indicated by figures. -- In full blast. See under Blast.
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Full
Full (?), n. Complete measure; utmost extent; the highest state or
degree.
The swan's-down feather, That stands upon the swell at full of
tide. Shak.
Full of the moon, the time of full moon.
Full
Full, adv. Quite; to the same degree; without abatement or diminution;
with the whole force or effect; thoroughly; completely; exactly;
entirely.
The pawn I proffer shall be full as good. Dryden.
The diapason closing full in man. Dryden.
Full in the center of the sacred wood. Addison.
NOTE: &hand; Fu ll is pl aced be fore ad jectives an d ad verbs to
heighten or strengthen their signification. "Full sad." Milton.
"Master of a full poor cell." Shak. "Full many a gem of purest ray
serene." T. Gray. Full is also prefixed to participles to express
utmost extent or degree; as, full-bloomed, full-blown, full-crammed
full-grown, full-laden, full-stuffed, etc. Such compounds, for the
most part, are self-defining.
Full
Full, v. i. To become full or wholly illuminated; as, the moon fulls
at midnight.
Full
Full, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fulled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fulling.] [OE.
fullen, OF. fuler, fouler, F. fouler, LL. fullare, fr. L. fullo
fuller, cloth fuller, cf. Gr. fullian to whiten as a fuller, to
baptize, fullere a fuller. Cf. Defile to foul, Foil to frustrate,
Fuller. n. ] To thicken by moistening, heating, and pressing, as
cloth; to mill; to make compact; to scour, cleanse, and thicken in a
mill.
Full
Full, v. i. To become fulled or thickened; as, this material fulls
well.
Fullage
Full"age (?), n. The money or price paid for fulling or cleansing
cloth. Johnson.
Fullam
Ful"lam (?), n. A false die. See Fulham.
Full-blooded
Full"-blood`ed (?), a.
1. Having a full supply of blood.
2. Of pure blood; thoroughbred; as, a full-blooded horse.
Full-bloomed
Full"-bloomed` (?), a. Like a perfect blossom. "Full-bloomed lips."
Crashaw.
Full-blown
Full"-blown` (?), a.
1. Fully expanded, as a blossom; as, a full-bloun rose. Denham.
2. Fully distended with wind, as a sail. Dryden.
Full-bottomed
Full"-bot"tomed (?), a.
1. Full and large at the bottom, as wigs worn by certain civil
officers in Great Britain.
2. (Naut.) Of great capacity below the water line.
Full-butt
Full"-butt" (?), adv. With direct and violentop position; with sudden
collision. [Colloq.] L'Estrange.
Full-drive
Full`-drive" (?), adv. With full speed. [Colloq.]
Fuller
Full"er (?), n. [AS. fullere, fr. L. fullo. See Full, v. t.] One whose
occupation is to full cloth. Fuller's earth, a variety of clay, used
in scouring and cleansing cloth, to imbibe grease. -- Fuller's herb
(Bot.), the soapwort (Saponaria officinalis), formerly used to remove
stains from cloth. -- Fuller's thistle OR weed (Bot.), the teasel
(Dipsacus fullonum) whose burs are used by fullers in dressing cloth.
See Teasel.
Fuller
Full"er, n. [From Full, a.] (Blacksmith's Work) A die; a half-round
set hammer, used for forming grooves and spreading iron; -- called
also a creaser.
Fuller
Full"er, v. t. To form a groove or channel in, by a fuller or set
hammer; as, to fuller a bayonet.
Fullery
Full"er*y (?), n.; pl. Fulleries (. The place or the works where the
fulling of cloth is carried on.
Full-formed
Full"-formed` (?), a. Full in form or shape; rounded out with flesh.
The full-formed maids of Afric. Thomson.
Full-grown
Full"-grown` (?), a. Having reached the limits of growth; mature.
"Full-grown wings." Lowell.
Full-hearted
Full"-heart`ed (?), a. Full of courage or confidence. Shak.
Full-hot
Full"-hot` (?), a. Very fiery. Shak.
Fulling
Full"ing, n. The process of cleansing, shrinking, and thickening cloth
by moisture, heat, and pressure. Fulling mill, a mill for fulling
cloth as by means of pesties or stampers, which alternately fall into
and rise from troughs where the cloth is placed with hot water and
fuller's earth, or other cleansing materials.
Full-manned
Full"-manned` (?), a. Completely furnished wiith men, as a ship.
Fullmart
Full"mart" (?), n. See Foumart. B. Jonson.
Fullness
Full"ness, n. The state of being full, or of abounding; abundance;
completeness. [Written also fulness.]
"In thy presence is fullness of joy." Ps. xvi. 11.
Fullonical
Ful*lon"i*cal (?), a. [L. fullonicus, from fullo a cloth fuller.]
Pertaining to a fuller of cloth. [Obs.] Blount.
Full-orbed
Full"-orbed` (, a. Having the orb or disk complete or fully
illuminated; like the full moon.
Full-sailed
Full"-sailed` (?), a. Having all its sails set,; hence, without
restriction or reservation. Massinger.
Full-winged
Full"-winged` (?), a.
1. Having large and strong or complete wings. Shak.
2. Beady for flight; eager. [Archaic] Beau. & Fl.
Fully
Ful"ly (?), adv. In a full manner or degree; completely; entirely;
without lack or defect; adequately; satisfactorily; as, to be fully
persuaded of the truth of a proposition. Fully committed (Law),
committed to prison for trial, in distinction from being detained for
examination. Syn. -- Completely; entirely; maturely; plentifuly;
abundantly; plenteously; copiously; largely; amply; sufficiently;
perfectly.
Fulmar
Ful"mar (f&ucr;lm&aum;r), n. [Icel. f&umac;lm&amac;r. See foul, and
Man a gull.] (Zo\'94l.) One of several species of sea birds, of the
family procellariid\'91, allied to the albatrosses and petrels. Among
the well-known species are the arctic fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis)
(called also fulmar petrel, malduck, and mollemock), and the giant
fulmar (Ossifraga gigantea).
Fulminant
Ful"mi*nant (?), a. [L. fulminans, p. pr. of fulminare to lighten: cf.
F. fulminant.] Thundering; fulminating. [R.] Bailey.
Fulminate
Ful"mi*nate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fulminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fulminating.] [L. fulminatus, p. p. of fulminare to lighten, strike
with lightning, fr. fulmen thunderbolt, fr. fulgere to shine. See
Fulgent, and cf. Fulmine.]
1. To thunder; hence, to make a loud, sudden noise; to detonate; to
explode with a violent report.
2. To issue or send forth decrees or censures with the assumption of
supreme authority; to thunder forth menaces.
Fulminate
Ful"mi*nate, v. t.
1. To cause to explode. Sprat.
2. To utter or send out with denunciations or censures; -- said
especially of menaces or censures uttered by ecclesiastical authority.
They fulminated the most hostile of all decrees. De Quincey.
Fulminate
Ful"mi*nate (?), n. [Cf. P. fulminate. See Fulminate, v. i.] (Chem.)
(a) A salt of fulminic acid. See under Fulminic. (b) A fulminating
powder. Fulminate of gold, an explosive compound of gold; -- called
also fulminating gold, and aurum fulminans.
Fulminating
Ful"mi*na"ting (?), a.
1. Thundering; exploding in a peculiarly sudden or violent manner.
2. Hurling denunciations, menaces, or censures.
Fulminating oil, nitroglycerin. -- Fulminating powder (Chem.) any
violently explosive powder, but especially one of the fulminates, as
mercuric fulminate.
Fulmination
Ful"mi*na`tion (?), n. [L. fulminatio a darting of lightning: cf. F.
fulmination.]
1. The act of fulminating or exploding; detonation.
2. The act of thundering forth threats or censures, as with authority.
3. That which is fulminated or thundered forth; vehement menace or
censure.
The fulminations from the Vatican were turned into ridicule.
Ayliffe.
Fulminatory
Ful"mi*na*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. fulminatoire.] Thundering; striking
terror. Cotgrave.
Fulmine
Ful"mine (?), v. i. [F. fulminer. See Fulminate, v.] To thunder.
[Obs.] Spenser. Milton.
Fulmine
Ful"mine, v. t. To shoot; to dart like lightning; to fulminate; to
utter with authority or vehemence.
She fulmined out her scorn of laws Salique. Tennyson.
Fulmineous
Ful*min"e*ous (?), a. [L. fulmen thunder.] Of, or concerning thunder.
Fulmiaic
Ful*mia"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. fulminique.] Pertaining to fulmination;
detonating; specifically (Chem.), pertaining to, derived from, or
denoting, an acid, so called; as, fulminic acid. Fulminic acid
(Chem.), a complex acid, H2C2N2O2, isomeric with cyanic and cyanuric
acids, and not known in the free state, but forming a large class of
highly explosive salts, the fulminates. Of these, mercuric fulminate,
the most common, is used, mixed with niter, to fill percussion caps,
charge cartridges, etc. -- Fulminic acid is made by the action of
nitric acid on alcohol.
Fulminuric
Ful"mi*nu"ric (?), a. [Fulminic + cyanuric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to
fulminic and cyanuric acids, and designating an acid so called.
Fulminuric acid (Chem.), a white, crystalline, explosive subatance,
H3C3N3O3, forming well known salts, and obtained from the fulnunates.
It is isomeric with cyanuric acid, and hence is also called
isocyanuric acid.
Falness
Fal"ness (?), n. See Fullness.
Fulsamic
Ful*sam"ic (?), a. [See Fulsome.] Fulsome. [Obs.]
Fulsome
Ful"some (?), a. [Full, a. + -some.]
1. Full; abundant; plenteous; not shriveled. [Obs.]
His lean, pale, hoar, and withered corpse grew fulsome, fair, and
fresh. Golding.
2. Offending or disgusting by overfullness, excess, or grossness;
cloying; gross; nauseous; esp., offensive from excess of praise; as,
fulsome flattery.
And lest the fulsome artifice should fail Themselves will hide its
coarseness with a veil. Cowper.
3. Lustful; wanton; obscene; also, tending to obscenity. [Obs.]
"Fulsome ewes." Shak. -- Ful"some*ly, adv. -- Ful"some*ness, n.
Dryden.
Fulvid
Ful"vid (?), a. [LL. fulvidus, fr. L. fulvus.] Fulvous. [R.] Dr. H.
More.
Fulvous
Ful"vous (?), a. [L. fulvus.] Tawny; dull yellow, with a mixture of
gray and brown. Lindley.
Fum
Fum (?), v. i. To play upon a fiddle. [Obs.]
Follow me, and fum as you go. B. Jonson.
Fumacious
Fu*ma"cious (?), a. [From Fume.] Smoky; hence, fond of smoking;
addicted to smoking tobacco.
Fumade, Fumado
Fu*made" (?), Fu*ma"do (, n.; pl. Fumades (#), Fumadoes (#). [Sp.
fumodo smoked, p. p. of fumar to smoke, fr. L. fumare. See Fume, v.
i.] A salted and smoked fish, as the pilchard.
Fumage
Fu"mage (?), n. [OF. fumage, fumaige, fr. L. fumus smoke.] Hearth
money.
Fumage, or fuage, vulgarly called smoke farthings. Blackstone.
Fumarate
Fu"ma*rate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of fumaric acid.
Fumaric
Fu*mar"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, fumitory
(Fumaria officinalis). Fumaric acid (Chem.), a widely occurring
organic acid, exttracted from fumitory as a white crystallline
substance, C2H2(CO2H)2, and produced artificially in many ways, as by
the distillation of malic acid; boletic acid. It is found also in the
lichen, Iceland moss, and hence was also called lichenic acid.
Fumarine
Fu"ma*rine (?), n. [L. fumus smoke, fume.] (Chem.) An alkaloid
extracted from fumitory, as a white crystalline substance.
Fumarole
Fu"ma*role (?), n. [It. fumaruola, fr. fumo smoke, L. fumus: cf. F.
fumerolle, fumarolle.] A hole or spot in a volcanic or other region,
from which fumes issue.
Fumatory
Fu"ma*to*ry (?), n. See Fumitory. [Obs.]
Fumble
Fum"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fumbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fumbling
(?).] [Akin to D. fommelen to crumple, fumble, Sw. fumla to fusuble,
famla to grope, Dan. famle to grope, fumble, Icel. falme, AS. folm
palm of the hand. See Feel, and cf. Fanble, Palm.]
1. To feel or grope about; to make awkward attempts to do or find
something.
Adams now began to fumble in his pockets. Fielding.
2. To grope about in perplexity; to seek awkwardly; as, to fumble for
an excuse. Dryden.
My understanding flutters and my memory fumbles. Chesterfield.
Alas! how he fumbles about the domains. Wordsworth.
3. To handle much; to play childishly; to turn over and over.
I saw him fumble with the sheets, and play with flowers. Shak.
Fumble
Fum"ble, v. t. To handle or manage awkwardly; to crowd or tumble
together. Shak.
Fumbler
Fum"bler (?), n. One who fumbles.
Fumblingly
Fum"bling*ly (?), adv. In the manner of one who fumbles.
Fume
Fume (?), n. [L. fumus; akin to Skr. dh smoke, dh to shake, fan a
flame, cf. Gr. fum smoke, F. fum\'82e. Cf. Dust, n., Femerell, Thyme.]
1. Exhalation; volatile matter (esp. noxious vapor or smoke) ascending
in a dense body; smoke; vapor; reek; as, the fumes of tobacco.
The fumes of new shorn hay. T. Warton.
The fumes of undigested wine. Dryden.
2. Rage or excitement which deprives the mind of self-control; as, the
fumes of passion. South.
3. Anything vaporlike, unsubstantial, or' airy; idle conceit; vain
imagination.
A show of fumes and fancies. Bacon.
4. The incense of praise; inordinate flattery.
To smother him with fumes and eulogies. Burton.
In a fume, in ill temper, esp. from impatience.
Fume
Fume, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fumed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fuming.] [Cf. F.
fumer, L. fumare to smoke. See Fume, n.]
1. To smoke; to throw off fumes, as in combustion or chemical action;
to rise up, as vapor.
Where the golden altar fumed. Milton.
Silenus lay, Whose constant cups lay fuming to his brain.
Roscommon.
2. To be as in a mist; to be dulled and stupefied.
Keep his brain fuming. Shak.
3. To pass off in fumes or vapors.
Their parts pre kept from fuming away by their fixity. Cheyne.
4. To be in a rage; to be hot with anger.
He frets, he fumes, he stares, he stamps the ground. Dryden.
While her mother did fret, and her father did fume. Sir W. Scott.
To tame away, to give way to excitement and displeasure; to storm;
also, to pass off in fumes.
Fume
Fume, e. t.
1. To expose to the action of fumes; to treat with vapors, smoke,
etc.; as, to bleach straw by fuming it with sulphur; to fill with
fumes, vapors, odors, etc., as a room.
She fumed the temple with an odorous flame. Dryden.
2. To praise inordinately; to flatter.
They demi-deify and fume him so. Cowper.
3. To throw off in vapor, or as in the form of vapor.
The heat will fume away most of the scent. Montimer.
How vicious hearts fume frenzy to the brain! Young.
Fumeless
Fume"less, a. Free from fumes.
Fumer
Fum"er (?), n.
1. One that fumes.
2. One who makes or uses perfumes. [Obs.]
Embroiderers, feather makers, fumers. Beau. & Fl.
Fumerell
Fu"mer*ell (?), n. (Arch.) See Femerell.
Fumet
Fu"met (?), n. [Cf. F. fumier dung, OF. femier, fr. L. fimus dung.]
The dung of deer. B. Jonson.
Fumet Fumette
Fu"met (?) Fu*mette" (?), n. [F. fumet odor, fume of wine or meat, fr.
L. fumus smoke. See Fume, n.] The stench or high flavor of game or
other meat when kept long. Swift.
Fumetere
Fu"me*tere" (?), n. Fumitory. [Obs.]
Fumid
Fu"mid (?), a. [L. fumidus, fr. fumus smoke. See Fume.] Smoky;
vaporous. Sir T. Broune.
Fumidity, Fumidness
Fu*mid"i*ty (?), Fu"mid*ness (?) n. The state of being fumid;
smokiness.
Fumiferous
Fu*mif"er*ous (?), a. [L. fumifer; fumus smoke + ferre to bear.]
Producing smoke.
Fumifugist
Fu*mif"u*gist (?), n. [L. fumus smoke + fugare to put to flight,
fugere to flee.] One who, or that which, drives away smoke or fumes.
Fumify
Fu"mi*fy (?), v. t. [Fume + -fy.] To subject to the action of smoke.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Fumigant
Fu"mi*gant (?), a. [L. fumigans, p. pr. of fumigare. See Fumigate.]
Fuming. [R.]
Fumigate
Fu"mi*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fumigated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Fumigating (?).] [L. fumigate, p. p. of fumigare to fumigate, fr.
fumus smoke. See Fume, n.]
1. To apply smoke to; to expose to smoke or vapor; to purify, or free
from infection, by the use of smoke or vapors.
2. To smoke; to perfume. Dryden.
Fumigation
Fum`iga"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. fumigation.]
1. The act of fumigating, or applying smoke or vapor, as for
disinfection.
2. Vapor raised in the process of fumigating.
Fumigator
Fu"mi*ga`tor (?), n. One who, or that which, fumigates; an apparattus
for fumigating.
Fumigatory
Fu"mi*ga*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. fumigatoire.] Having the quality of
purifying by smoke. [R.]
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Fumlly
Fum"l*ly (?), adv. Smokily; with fume.
Fuming
Fum"ing, a. Producing fumes, or vapors. Cadet's fuming liquid (Chem.),
alkarsin. -- Fuming liquor of Libsvius (Old Chem.), stannic chloride;
the chloride of tin, SnCl4, forming a colorless, mobile liquid which
fumes in the air. Mixed with water it solidifies to the so-called
butter of tin. -- Fuming sulphuric acid. (Chem.) Same as Disulphuric
acid, uder Disulphuric.
Fumingly
Fum"ing*ly, adv. In a fuming manner; angrily. "They answer fumingly."
Hooker.
Famish
Fam"ish, a. Smoky; hot; choleric.
Fumishness
Fum"ish*ness, n. Choler; fretfulness; passion.
Fumitez
Fu"mi*tez` (?), n. (Bot.) Fumitory. [Obs.]
Fumitory
Fu"mi*to*ry (?), n. [OE. fumetere, F. fumeterre, prop., smoke of the
ground, fr. L. fumus smoke + terra earth. See Fume, and Terrace.]
(Bot.) The common uame of several species of the genus Fumaria, annual
herbs of the Old World, with finely dissected leaves and small flowers
in dense racemes or spikes. F. officinalis is a common species, and
was formerly used as an antiscorbutic. Climbing fumitory (Bot.), the
Alleghany vine (Adlumia cirrhosa); a biennial climbing plant with
elegant feathery leaves and large clusters of pretty white or pinkish
flowers looking like grains of rice.
Fummel
Fum"mel (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A hinny.
Fumosity
Fu*mos"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. OF. fumosit\'82.] The fumes of drink. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Fumous
Fum"ous (?), a. [L. fumosus, fr. fumus smoke: cf. F. fumeux.]
1. Producing smoke; smoky.
2. Producing fumes; full of fumes.
Garlic, onions, mustard, and such-like fumous things. Barough
(1625).
Fumy
Fum"y (?), a. Producing fumes; fumous. "Drowned in fumy wine." H.
Brooke.
Fun
Fun (?), n. [Perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. & Gael. fonn pleasure.]
Sport; merriment; frolicsome amusement. "Oddity, frolic, and fun."
Goldsmith. To make fan of, to hold up to, or turn into, ridicule.
Funambulate
Fu*nam"bu*late (?), v. i. [See Funambulo.] To walk or to dance on a
rope.
Funambulation
Fu*nam"bu*la`tion (?), n. Ropedancing.
Funambulatory
Fu*nam"bu*la`to*ry (?), a.
1. Performing like a ropedancer. Chambers.
2. Narrow, like the walk of a ropedancer.
This funambulatory track. Sir T. Browne.
Funambulist
Fu*nam"bu*list (?), n. A ropewalker or ropedancer.
Funambulo, Funambulus
Fu*nam"bu*lo (?), Fu*nam"bu*lus (?) n. [Sp. funambulo, or It.
funambolo, fr. L. funambulus; funis rope (perh. akin to E. bind) +
ambulare to walk. See Amble, and cf. Funambulist.] A ropewalker or
ropedancer. [Obs.] Bacon.
Function
Func"tion (?), n. [L. functio, fr. fungi to perform, execute, akin to
Skr. bhuj to enjoy, have the use of: cf. F. fonction. Cf. Defunct.]
1. The act of executing or performing any duty, office, or calling;
per formance. "In the function of his public calling." Swift.
2. (Physiol.) The appropriate action of any special organ or part of
an animal or vegetable organism; as, the function of the heart or the
limbs; the function of leaves, sap, roots, etc.; life is the sum of
the functions of the various organs and parts of the body.
3. The natural or assigned action of any power or faculty, as of the
soul, or of the intellect; the exertion of an energy of some
determinate kind.
As the mind opens, and its functions spread. Pope.
4. The course of action which peculiarly pertains to any public
officer in church or state; the activity appropriate to any business
or profession.
Tradesmen . . . going about their functions. Shak.
The malady which made him incapable of performing his regal
functions. Macaulay.
5. (Math.) A quantity so connected with another quantity, that if any
alteration be made in the latter there will be a consequent alteration
in the former. Each quantity is said to be a function of the other.
Thus, the circumference of a circle is a function of the diameter. If
x be a symbol to which different numerical values can be assigned,
such expressions as x2, 3x, Log. x, and Sin. x, are all functions of
x.
Algebraic function, a quantity whose connection with the variable is
expressed by an equation that involves only the algebraic operations
of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to a given
power, and extracting a given root; -- opposed to transcendental
function. -- Arbitrary function. See under Arbitrary. -- Calculus of
functions. See under Calculus. -- Carnot's function (Thermo-dynamics),
a relation between the amount of heat given off by a source of heat,
and the work which can be done by it. It is approximately equal to the
mechanical equivalent of the thermal unit divided by the number
expressing the temperature in degrees of the air thermometer, reckoned
from its zero of expansion. -- Circular functions. See Inverse
trigonometrical functions (below). -- Continuous function, a quantity
that has no interruption in the continuity of its real values, as the
variable changes between any specified limits. -- Discontinuous
function. See under Discontinuous. -- Elliptic functions, a large and
important class of functions, so called because one of the forms
expresses the relation of the arc of an ellipse to the straight lines
connected therewith. -- Explicit function, a quantity directly
expressed in terms of the independently varying quantity; thus, in the
equations y = 6x2, y = 10 -x3, the quantity y is an explicit function
of x. -- Implicit function, a quantity whose relation to the variable
is expressed indirectly by an equation; thus, y in the equation x2 +
y2 = 100 is an implicit function of x. -- Inverse trigonometrical
functions, OR Circular function, the lengths of arcs relative to the
sines, tangents, etc. Thus, AB is the arc whose sine is BD, and (if
the length of BD is x) is written sin -1x, and so of the other lines.
See Trigonometrical function (below). Other transcendental functions
are the exponential functions, the elliptic functions, the gamma
functions, the theta functions, etc. -- One-valued function, a
quantity that has one, and only one, value for each value of the
variable. -- Transcendental functions, a quantity whose connection
with the variable cannot be expressed by algebraic operations; thus, y
in the equation y = 10x is a transcendental function of x. See
Algebraic function (above). -- Trigonometrical function, a quantity
whose relation to the variable is the same as that of a certain
straight line drawn in a circle whose radius is unity, to the length
of a corresponding are of the circle. Let AB be an arc in a circle,
whose radius OA is unity let AC be a quadrant, and let OC, DB, and AF
be drawnpependicular to OA, and EB and CG parallel to OA, and let OB
be produced to G and F. E Then BD is the sine of the arc AB; OD or EB
is the cosine, AF is the tangent, CG is the cotangent, OF is the
secant OG is the cosecant, AD is the versed sine, and CE is the
coversed sine of the are AB. If the length of AB be represented by x
(OA being unity) then the lengths of Functions. these lines (OA being
unity) are the trigonometrical functions of x, and are written sin x,
cos x, tan x (or tang x), cot x, sec x, cosec x, versin x, coversin x.
These quantities are also considered as functions of the angle BOA.
Function, Functionate
Func"tion (?), Func"tion*ate (?), v. i. To execute or perform a
function; to transact one's regular or appointed business.
Functional
Func"tion*al (?), a.
1. Pertaining to, or connected with, a function or duty; official.
2. (Physiol.) Pertaining to the function of an organ or part, or to
the functions in general.
Functional disease (Med.), a disease of which the symptoms cannot be
referred to any appreciable lesion or change of structure; the
derangement of an organ arising from a cause, often unknown, external
to itself opposed to organic disease, in which the organ itself is
affected.
Functionalize
Func"tion*al*ize (?), v. t. To assign to some function or office. [R.]
Functionally
Func"tion*al*ly, adv. In a functional manner; as regards normal or
appropriate activity.
The organ is said to be functionally disordered. Lawrence.
Functionary
Func"tion*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Functionaries (#). [Cf. F. fonctionnaire.]
One charged with the performance of a function or office; as, a public
functionary; secular functionaries.
Functionless
Func"tion*less, a. Destitute of function, or of an appropriate organ.
Darwin.
Fund
Fund (?), n. [OF. font, fond, nom. fonz, bottom, ground, F. fond
bottom, foundation, fonds fund, fr. L. fundus bottom, ground,
foundation, piece of land. See Found to establish.]
1. An aggregation or deposit of resources from which supplies are or
may be drawn for carrying on any work, or for maintaining existence.
2. A stock or capital; a sum of money appropriated as the foundation
of some commercial or other operation undertaken with a view to
profit; that reserve by means of which expenses and credit are
supported; as, the fund of a bank, commercial house, manufacturing
corporation, etc.
3. pl. The stock of a national debt; public securities; evidences
(stocks or bonds) of money lent to government, for which interest is
paid at prescribed intervals; -- called also public funds.
4. An invested sum, whose income is devoted to a specific object; as,
the fund of an ecclesiastical society; a fund for the maintenance of
lectures or poor students; also, money systematically collected to
meet the expenses of some permanent object.
5. A store laid up, from which one may draw at pleasure; a supply; a
full provision of resources; as, a fund of wisdom or good sense.
An inexhaustible fund of stories. Macaulay.
Sinking fund, the aggregate of sums of money set apart and invested,
usually at fixed intervals, for the extinguishment of the debt of a
government, or of a corporation, by the accumulation of interest.
Fund
Fund, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Funded; p. pr. & vb. n. Funding.]
1. To provide and appropriate a fund or permanent revenue for the
payment of the interest of; to make permanent provision of resources
(as by a pledge of revenue from customs) for discharging the interest
of or principal of; as, to fund government notes.
2. To place in a fund, as money.
3. To put into the form of bonds or stocks bearing regular interest;
as, to fund the floating debt.
Fundable
Fund"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being funded, or converted into a fund;
convertible into bonds.
Fundament
Fun"da*ment (?), n. [OE. fundament, fundement, fondement, OF.
fundement, fondement, F. fondement, fr. L. fundamentum foundation, fr.
fundare to lay the bottom, to found, fr. fundus bottom. See Fund.]
1. Foundation. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. The part of the body on which one sits; the buttocks; specifically
(Anat.), the anus. Hume.
Fundamental
Fun`da*men"tal (?), a. [Cf. F. fondamental.] Pertaining to the
foundation or basis; serving for the foundation. Hence: Essential, as
an element, principle, or law; important; original; elementary; as, a
fundamental truth; a fundamental axiom.
The fundamental reasons of this war. Shak.
Some fundamental antithesis in nature. Whewell.
Fundamental bass (Mus.), the root note of a chord; a bass formed of
the roots or fundamental tones of the chords. -- Fundamental chord
(Mus.), a chord, the lowest tone of which is its root. -- Fundamental
colors, red, green, and violet-blue. See Primary colors, under Color.
Fundamental
Fun"da*men`tal, n. A leading or primary principle, rule, law, or
article, which serves as the groundwork of a system; essential part,
as, the fundamentals of the Christian faith.
Fundamentally
Fun`da*men"tal*ly, adv. Primarily; originally; essentially; radically;
at the foundation; in origin or constituents. "Fundamentally
defective." Burke.
Funded
Fund"ed (?), a.
1. Existing in the form of bonds bearing regular interest; as, funded
debt.
2. Invested in public funds; as, funded money.
Fundholder
Fund"hold"er (?), a. One who has money invested in the public funds.
J. S. Mill.
Funding
Fund"ing, a.
1. Providing a fund for the payment of the interest or principal of a
debt.
2. Investing in the public funds.
Funding system, a system or scheme of finance or revenue by which
provision is made for paying the interest or principal of a public
debt.
Funuless
Funu"less, a. Destitute of funds.
Fundus
Fun"dus (?), n. [L., bottom.] (Anat.) The bottom or base of any hollow
organ; as, the fundus of the bladder; the fundus of the eye.
Funebrial
Fu*ne"bri*al (?), a. [L. funebris belonging to a funeral, fr. funus
funeral.] Pertaining to a funeral or funerals; funeral; funereal.
[Obs.] [Written also funebral.] Sir T. Browne.
Funebrious
Fu*ne"bri*ous (?), a. Funebrial. [Obs.]
Funeral
Fu"ner*al (?), n. [LL. funeralia, prop. neut. pl. of funeralis of a
funeral, fr. L. funus, funeris, funeral: cf. F. fun\'82railles.]
1. The solemn rites used in the disposition of a dead human body,
whether such disposition be by interment, burning, or otherwise; esp.,
the ceremony or solemnization of interment; obsequies; burial; --
formerly used in the plural.
King James his funerals were performed very solemnly in the
collegiate church at Westminster. Euller.
2. The procession attending the burial of the dead; the show and
accompaniments of an interment. "The long funerals." Pope.
3. A funeral sermon; -- usually in the plural. [Obs.]
Mr. Giles Lawrence preached his funerals. South.
Funeral
Fu"ner*al, a. [LL. funeralis. See Funeral, n.] Per. taining to a
funeral; used at the interment of the dead; as, funeral rites, honors,
or ceremonies. Shak. Funeral pile, a structure of combustible
material, upon which a dead body is placed to be reduced to ashes, as
part of a funeral rite; a pyre. -- Fu"ner*al*ly, adv. [Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.
Funerate
Fu"ner*ate (?), v. t. [L. funeratus, p. p. of funerare to funerate,
fr. funus. See Funeral.] To bury with funeral rites. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Funeration
Fu`ner*a"tion (?), n. [L. funeratio.] The act of burying with funeral
rites. [Obs.] Knatchbull.
Funereal
Fu*ne"re*al (?), a. [L. funereus, fr. fentus a funeral.] Suiting a
funeral; pertaining to burial; solemn. Hence: Dark; dismal; mournful.
Jer. Taylor.
What seem to us but sad funereal tapers May be heaven's distant
lamps. Longfellow.
-- Fu*ne"re*al*ly, adv.
Funest
Fu*nest" (?), a. [L. funestus, fr. funus a funeral, destruction: cf.
F. funeste.] Lamentable; doleful. [R.] "Funest and direful deaths."
Coleridge.
A forerunner of something very funest. Evelyn.
Fungal
Fun"gal (?), a. Of or pertaining to fungi.
Fungate
Fun"gate (?), n. [Cf. F. fongate.] (Chem.) A salt of fungic acid.
[Formerly written also fungiate.]
Funge
Funge (?), n. [L. fungus mushroom, dolt.] A blockhead; a dolt; a fool.
[Obs.] Burton.
Fungi
Fun"gi (?), n. pl. (Bot.) See Fungus.
Fungia
Fun"gi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. fungus mushroom: cf. F. fongie.]
(Zo\'94l.) A genus of simple, stony corals; -- so called because they
are usually flat and circular, with radiating plates, like the gills
of a mushroom. Some of them are eighteen inches in diameter.
Fungian
Fun"gi*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Fungid\'91, a
family of stony corals. -- n. One of the Fungid\'91.
Fungibles
Fun"gi*bles (?), n. pl. [LL. (res) fungibiles, probably fr. L. fungi
to discharge. "A barbarous term, supposed to have originated in the
use of the words functionem recipere in the Digeste." Bouvier. "Called
fungibiles, quia una alterius vice fungitur." John Taylor (1755). Cf.
Function.]
1. (Civ. Law) Things which may be furnished or restored in kind, as
distinguished from specific things; -- called also fungible things.
Burrill.
2. (Scots Law) Movable goods which may be valued by weight or measure,
in contradistinction from those which must be judged of individually.
Jamieson.
Fungic
Fun"gic (?), a. [L. fungus mushroom: cf. F. fungique, fongique.]
(Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, mushrooms; as, fungic acid.
Fungicide
Fun"gi*cide` (?), n. [Fungi + -cide, fr. L. caedere to kill.] Anything
that kills fungi. -- Fun`gi*ci"dal (#), n.
Fungiform
Fun"gi*form (?), a. [Eungus + -form: cf. F. fongiforme.] Shaped like a
fungus or mushroom. Fungiform papill\'91 (Anat.), numerous small,
rounded eminences on the upper surface of the tongue.
Fungilliform
Fun*gil"li*form (?), a. Shaped like a small fungus.
Fungin
Fun"gin (?), n. [L. fungus mushroom: cf. F, fongine, fungine.] (Chem.)
A name formerly given to cellulose found in certain fungi and
mushrooms.
Fungite
Fun"gite (?), n. [L. fungus mushroom: cf. F. pongite.] (Paleon.) A
fossil coral resembling Fungia.
Fungivorous
Fun*giv"o*rous (?), a. [L. fungus + vorare to eat freedily: cf. F.
fangivore.] (Zo\'94l.) Eating fungi; -- said of certain insects and
snails.
Fungoid
Fun"goid (?), a. [Fungus + -oil: cf. F. fongo\'8bde.] Like a fungus;
fungous; spongy.
Fungologist
Fun*gol"o*gist (?), n. A mycologist.
Fungology
Fun*gol"o*gy (?), n. [Fungus + --logy.] Mycology.
Fungosity
Fun*gos"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. fungosit\'82, fongosit\'82.] The quality
of that which is fungous; fungous excrescence. Dunglison.
Fungous
Fun"gous (?), a. [L. fungosus: cf. F. fungueux.]
1. Of the nature of fungi; spongy.
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2. Growing suddenly, but not substantial or durable.
Fungus
Fun"gus (?), n.; pl. L. Fungi (#), E. Funguses (#). [L., a mushroom;
perh. akin to a doubtful Gr. sponge.]
1. (Bot.) Any one of the Fungi, a large and very complex group of
thallophytes of low organization, -- the molds, mildews, rusts, smuts,
mushrooms, toadstools, puff balls, and the allies of each.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fu ngi ar e al l de stitute of ch orophyll, and,
therefore, to be supplied with elaborated nourishment, must live as
saprophytes or parasites. They range in size from single
microscopic cells to systems of entangled threads many feet in
extent, which develop reproductive bodies as large as a man's head.
The vegetative system consists of septate or rarely unseptate
filaments called hyph&ae;; the aggregation of hyph&ae; into
structures of more or less definite form is known as the mycelium.
See Fungi, in the Supplement.
2. (Med.) A spongy, morbid growth or granulation in animal bodies, as
the proud flesh of wounds. Hoblyn.
Funic
Fu"nic (?), a. (Anat.) Funicular.
Funicle
Fu"ni*cle (?), n. [L. funiculus, dim. of funis cord, rope: cf. F.
funicule funicle (in sense 2). Cf. Funambulo.] (Bot.)
1. A small cord, ligature, or fiber.
2. (Bot.) The little stalk that attaches a seed to the placenta.
Funicular
Fu*nic"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. funiculaire.]
1. Consisting of a small cord or fiber.
2. Dependent on the tension of a cord.
3. (Anat.) Pertaining to a funiculus; made up of, or resembling, a
funiculus, or funiculi; as, a funicular ligament.
Funicular action (Mech.), the force or action exerted by a rope in
drawing together the supports to which its ends are Fastened, when
acted upon by forces applied in a direction transverse to the rope, as
in the archer's bow. -- Funicular curve. Same as Catenary. --
Funicular machine (Mech.), an apparatus for illustrating certain
principles in statics, consisting of a cord or chain attached at one
end to a fixed point, and having the other passed over a pulley and
sustaining a weight, while one or more other weights are suspended
from the cord at points between the fixed support and the pulley. --
Funicular polygon (Mech.), the polygonal figure assumed by a cord
fastened at its extremities, and sustaining weights at different
points.
Funiculate
Fu*nic"u*late (?), a. Forming a narrow ridge.
Funiculus
Fu*nic"u*lus (?), n.; pl. Funiculi (#). [L., a little cord. See
Funicle.]
1. (Anat.) A cord, baud, or bundle of fibers; esp., one of the small
bundles of fibers, of which large nerves are made up; applied also to
different bands of white matter in the brain and spinal cord.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A short cord which connects the embryo of some
myriapods with the amnion. (b) In Bryozoa, an organ extending back
from the stomach. See Bryozoa, and Phylactolema.
Funiliform
Fu*nil"i*form (?), a. [L. funis rope + -form.] (Bot.) Resembling a
cord in toughness and flexibility, as the roots of some endogenous
trees.
Funis
Fu"nis (?), n. [L., a rope. ] A cord; specifically, the umbilical cord
or navel string.
Funk
Funk (?), n. [OE. funke a little fire; akin to Prov. E. funk
touchwood, G. funke spark, and perh. to Goth. f fire.] An offensive
smell; a stench. [Low]
Funk
Funk, v. t. To envelop with an offensive smell or smoke. [Obs.] King.
Funk
Funk, v. i.
1. To emit an offensive smell; to stink.
2. To be frightened, and shrink back; to flinch; as, to funk at the
edge of a precipice. [Colloq.] C. Kingsley.
To funk out, to back out in a cowardly fashion. [Colloq.]
To funk right out o' political strife. Lowell (Biglow Papers).
Funk, Funking
Funk, Funk"ing, n. A shrinking back through fear. [Colloq.] "The
horrid panic, or funk (as the men of Eton call it)." De Quincey.
Funky
Funk"y (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, great fear, or
funking. [Colloq. Eng.]
Funnel
Fun"nel (?), n. [OE. funel, fonel, prob. through OF. fr, L.
fundibulum, infundibulum, funnel, fr. infundere to pour in; in in +
fundere to pour; cf. Armor. founil funnel, W. ffynel air hole,
chimney. See Fuse, v. t.]
1. A vessel of the shape of an inverted hollow cone, terminating below
in a pipe, and used for conveying liquids into a close vessel; a
tunnel.
2. A passage or avenue for a fluid or flowing substance; specifically,
a smoke flue or pipe; the iron chimney of a steamship or the like.
Funnel box (Mining), an apparatus for collecting finely crushed ore
from water. Knight. -- Funnel stay (Naut.), one of the ropes or rods
steadying a steamer's funnel.
Funnelform
Fun"nel*form` (?), a. (Bot.) Having the form of a funnel, or tunnel;
that is, expanding gradually from the bottom upward, as the corolla of
some flowers; infundibuliform.
Funny
Fun"ny (?), a. [Compar. Funnier (?); superl. Funniest.] [From Fun.]
Droll; comical; amusing; laughable. Funny bone. See crazy bone, under
Crazy.
Funny
Fun"ny, n.; pl. Funnies (. A clinkerbuit, narrow boat for sculling.
[Eng.]
Fur
Fur (?), n. [OE. furre, OF. forre, fuerre, sheatth, case, of German
origin; cf. OHG. fuotar lining, case, G. futter; akin to Icel. f
lining, Goth. f, scabbard; cf. Skr. p vessel, dish. The German and
Icel. words also have the sense, fodder, but this was probably a
different word originally. Cf. Fodder food, Fother, v. t., Forel, n.]
1. The short, fine, soft hair of certain animals, growing thick on the
skin, and distinguished from the hair, which is longer and coarser.
2. The skins of certain wild animals with the fur; peltry; as, a cargo
of furs.
3. Strips of dressed skins with fur, used on garments for warmth or
for ornament.
4. pl. Articles of clothing made of fur; as, a set of furs for a lady
(a collar, tippet, or cape, muff, etc.).
Wrapped up in my furs. Lady M. W. Montagu.
5. Any coating considered as resembling fur; as: (a) A coat of morbid
matter collected on the tongue in persons affected with fever. (b) The
soft, downy covering on the skin of a peach. (c) The deposit formed on
the interior of boilers and other vessels by hard water.
6. (Her.) One of several patterns or diapers used as tinctures. There
are nine in all, or, according to some writers, only six. See
Tincture.
Fur
Fur (?), a. Of or pertaining to furs; bearing or made of fur; as, a
fur cap; the fur trade. Fur seal (Zo\'94l.) one of several species of
seals of the genera Callorhinus and Arclocephalus, inhabiting the
North Pacific and the Antarctic oceans. They have a coat of fine and
soft fur which is highly prized. The northern fur seal (Callorhinus
ursinus) breeds in vast numbers on the Prybilov Islands, off the coast
of Alaska; -- called also sea bear.
Fur
Fur, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Furring.]
1. To line, face, or cover with fur; as, furred robes. "You fur your
gloves with reason." Shak.
2. To cover with morbid matter, as the tongue.
3. (Arch.) To nail small strips of board or larger scantling upon, in
order to make a level surface for lathing or boarding, or to provide
for a space or interval back of the plastered or boarded surface, as
inside an outer wall, by way of protection against damp. Gwill.
Furacious
Fu*ra"cious (?), a. [L. furax, -racis thievish, from fur thief.] Given
to theft; thievish. [Obs.]
Furacity
Fu*rac"i*ty (?), n. [L. furacitas.] Addictedness to theft;
thievishness. [Obs.]
Furbelow
Fur"be*low (?), n. [Prov. F. farbala, equiv. to F. falbala, It.
falbal\'85.] A plaited or gathered flounce on a woman's garment.
Furhelow
Fur"he*low, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furbelowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Furbelowing.] To put a furbelow on; to ornament.
Furbish
Fur"bish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furbished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Furbishing.] [OE. forbischen, OF. forbir, furbir, fourbir, F. fourbir,
fr. OHG. furban to clean. See -ish.] To rub or scour to brightness; to
clean; to burnish; as, to furbish a sword or spear. Shak.
Furbish new the name of John a Gaunt. Shak.
Furbishable
Fur"bish*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being furbished.
Furbisher
Fur"bish*er (?), n. [Cf. F. fourbisseur.] One who furbishes; esp., a
sword cutler, who finishes sword blades and similar weapons.
Furcate, Furcated
Fur"cate (?), Fur"ca*ted (?), a. [L. furca fork. See Fork.] Forked;
branching like a fork; as, furcate twigs.
Furcation
Fur*ca"tion (?), n. A branching like a. fork.
Furciferous
Fur*cif"er*ous (?), a. [L. furcifer yoke bearer, scoundrel; furca
fork, yoke, fork-shaped instrument of punishment + ferre to bear.]
Rascally; scandalous. [R.] "Furciferous knaves." De Quincey.
Furcula
Fur"cu*la (?), n. [L., a forked prop, dim. of furca a fork.] (Anat.) A
forked process; the wishbone or furculum.
Furcular
Fur"cu*lar (?), a. Shaped like a fork; furcate.
Furculum
Fur"cu*lum (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. furca a fork.] (Anat.) The
wishbone or merrythought of birds, formed by the united clavicles.
Furdle
Fur"dle (?), v. t. [See Fardel, and cf. Furl.] To draw up into a
bundle; to roll up. [Ods.]
Furfur
Fur"fur (?), n. [L.] Scurf; dandruff.
Furfuraceous
Fur"fu*ra"ceous (?), a. [L. furfuraceus.] Made of bran; like bran;
scurfy.
Furfuran
Fur"fu*ran (?), n. [L. furfur bran.] (Chem.) A colorless, oily
substance, C4H4O, obtained by distilling certain organic substances,
as pine wood, salts of pyromucic acid, etc.; -- called also
tetraphenol.<-- = furan -->
Furfuration
Fur"fu*ra"tion (?), n. [L. furfur bran, scurf.] Falling of scurf from
the head; desquamation.
Furfurine
Fur"fu*rine (?), n. (Chem.) A white, crystalline base, obtained
indirectly from furfurol.
Furfurol
Fur"fu*rol (?), n. [L. furfur bran + oleum oil.] (Chem.) A colorless
oily liquid, C4H3O.CHO, of a pleasant odor, obtained by the
distillation of bran, sugar, etc., and regarded as an aldehyde
derivative of furfuran; -- called also furfural.
Furfurous
Fur"fu*rous (?), a. Made of bran; furfuraceous. [R.] "Furfurous
bread." Sydney Smith.
Furial
Fu"ri*al (?), a. [L. furialis: cf. OF. furial.] Furious; raging;
tormenting. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Furibundal
Fu`ri*bun"dal (?), a. [L. furibundus, fr. furere to rage.] Full of
rage. [Obs.] G. Harvey.
Furies
Fu"ries (?), n. pl. See Fury, 3.
Furile
Fu"rile (?), n. [Furfurol + benzile.] (Chem.) A yellow, crystalline
substance, (C4H3O)2.C2O2, obtained by the oxidation of furoin.
[Written also furil.]
Furilic
Fu*ril"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, furile; as,
furilic acid.
Furioso
Fu"ri*o"so (?), a.& adv. [It.] (Mus.) With great force or vigor;
vehemently.
Furious
Fu"ri*ous (?), a. [L. furiosus, fr. furia rage, fury: cf. F. furieux.
See Fury.]
1. Transported with passion or fury; raging; violent; as, a furious
animal.
2. Rushing with impetuosity; moving with violence; as, a furious
stream; a furious wind or storm. Syn. -- Impetuous; vehement;
boisterous; fierce; turbulent; tumultuous; angry; mad; frantic;
frenzied. -- Fu"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Fu"ri*ous*ness, n.
Furl
Furl (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furld (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Furling.]
[Contr. fr. furdle, fr. fardel bundle: cf. F. ferler to furl, OF.
fardeler to pack. See Furdle, Fardel, and cf. Farl.] To draw up or
gather into close compass; to wrap or roll, as a sail, close to the
yard, stay, or mast, or, as a flag, close to or around its staff,
securing it there by a gasket or line. Totten.
Furlong
Fur"long (?), n. [OE. furlong, furlang, AS. furlang, furlung, prop.,
the length of a furrow; furh furrow + lang long. See Furrow, and Long,
a.] A measure of length; the eighth part of a mile; forty rods; two
hundred and twenty yards.
Furlough
Fur"lough (?), n. [Prob. fr. D. verlof, fr. a prefix akin to E. for +
the root of E. lief, and akin to Dan. forlov, Sw. f\'94rlof, G.
verlaub permission. See Life, a.] (Mil.) Leave of abserice;
especially, leave given to an offcer or soldier to be absent from
service for a certain time; also, the document granting leave of
absence.
Furlough
Fur"lough, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furloughed (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Furloughing.] (Mil.) To furnish with a furlough; to grant leave of
absence to, as to an offcer or soldier.
Furmonty, Furmity
Fur"mon*ty (?), Fur"mi*ty (?) n. Same as Frumenty.
Furnace
Fur"nace (?), n. [OE. fornais, forneis, OF. fornaise, F. fournaise,
from L. fornax; akin to furnus oven, and prob. to E. forceps.]
1. An inclosed place in which heat is produced by the combustion of
fuel, as for reducing ores or melting metals, for warming a house, for
baking pottery, etc.; as, an iron furnace; a hot-air furnace; a glass
furnace; a boiler furnace, etc.
NOTE: &hand; Fu rnaces are classified as wind or air. furnaces when
the fire is urged only by the natural draught; as blast furnaces,
when the fire is urged by the injection artificially of a forcible
current of air; and as reverberatory furnaces, when the flame, in
passing to the chimney, is thrown down by a low arched roof upon
the materials operated upon.
2. A place or time of punishment, affiction, or great trial; severe
experience or discipline. Deut. iv. 20.
Bustamente furnace, a shaft furnace for roasting quicksilver ores. --
Furnace bridge, Same as Bridge wall. See Bridge, n., 5. -- Furnace
cadmiam OR cadmia, the oxide of zinc which accumulates in the chimneys
of furnaces smelting zinciferous ores. Raymond. -- Furnace hoist (Iron
Manuf.), a lift for raising ore, coal, etc., to the mouth of a blast
furnace.
Furnace
Fur"nace, n.
1. To throw out, or exhale, as from a furnace; also, to put into a
furnace. [Obs. or R.]
He furnaces The thick sighe from him. Shak.
Furniment
Fur"ni*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. fourniment. See Furnish.] Furniture.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Furnish
Fur"nish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furnished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Furnishing.] [OF. furnir, fornir, to furnish, finish, F. fournir; akin
to Pr. formir, furmir, fromir, to accomplish, satisfy, fr. OHG.
frumjan to further, execute, do, akin to E. frame. See Frame, v. t.,
and -ish.]
1. To supply with anything necessary, useful, or appropriate; to
provide; to equip; to fit out, or fit up; to adorn; as, to furnish a
family with provisions; to furnish one with arms for defense; to
furnish a Cable; to furnish the mind with ideas; to furnish one with
knowledge or principles; to furnish an expedition or enterprise, a
room or a house.
That the man of God may be perfect, thoroughly furnished unto all
good works. 2 Tim. iii. 17,
2. To offer for use; to provide (something); to give (something); to
afford; as, to furnish food to the hungry: to furnish arms for
defense.
Ye are they . . . that furnish the drink offering unto that number.
Is. lxv. 11.
His writings and his life furnish abundant proofs that he was not a
man of strong sense. Macaulay.
Furnish
Fur"nish, n. That which is furnished as a specimen; a sample; a
supply. [Obs.] Greene.
Furnisher
Fur"nish*er (?), n. One who supplies or fits out.
Furnishment
Fur"nish*ment (?), n. The act of furnishing, or of supplying
furniture; also, furniture. [Obs.] Daniel.
Furniture
Fur"ni*ture (?), n. [F. fourniture. See Furnish, v. t.]
1. That with which anything is furnished or supplied; supplies;
outfit; equipment.
The form and all the furniture of the earth. Tillotson.
The thoughts which make the furniture of their minds. M. Arnold.
2. Articles used for convenience or decoration in a house or
apartment, as tables, chairs, bedsteads, sofas, carpets, curtains,
pictures, vases, etc.
3. The necessary appendages to anything, as to a machine, a carriage,
a ship, etc. (a) (Naut.) The masts and rigging of a ship. (b) (Mil.)
The mountings of a gun. (c) Builders' hardware such as locks, door and
window trimmings. (d) (Print) Pieces of wood or metal of a lesser
height than the type, placed around the pages or other matter in a
form, and, with the quoins, serving to secure the form in its place in
the chase.
4. (Mus.) A mixed or compound stop in an organ; -- sometimes called
mixture.
Furoin
Fu"ro*in (?), n. [See Furfurol.] (Chem.) A colorless, crystalline
substance, C10H8O4, from furfurol.
Furore
Fu*ro"re (?), n. [It.] Excitement; commotion; enthusiasm.
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Furrier
Fur"ri*er (?), n. [Cf. F. fourreur.] A dealer in furs; one who makes
or sells fur goods.
Furriery
Fur"ri*er*y (?), n.
1. Furs, in general. Tooke.
2. The business of a furrier; trade in furs.
Furring
Fur"ring (?), n.
1. (Carp.) (a) The leveling of a surface, or the preparing of an air
space, by means of strips of board or of larger pieces. See Fur, v.
t., 3. (b) The strips thus laid on.
2. (Shipbuilding) Double planking of a ship's side.
3. A deposit from water, as on the inside of a boiler; also, the
operation of cleaning away this deposit.
Furrow
Fur"row (?), n. [OE. forow, forgh, furgh, AS. furh; akin to D. voor,
OHG. furuh, G. furche, Dan. fure, Sw. f, Icel. for drain, L. porca
ridge between two furrows.]
1. A trench in the earth made by, or as by, a plow.
2. Any trench, channel, or groove, as in wood or metal; a wrinkle on
the face; as, the furrows of age.
Farrow weed a weed which grows on plowed land. Shak. -- To draw a
straight furrow, to live correctly; not to deviate from the right line
of duty. Lowell.
Furrow
Fur"row, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furrowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Furrowing.]
[From Furrow, n.; cf. AS. fyrian.]
1. To cut a furrow in; to make furrows in; to plow; as, to furrow the
ground or sea. Shak.
2. To mark with channels or with wrinkles.
Thou canst help time to furrow me with age. Shak.
Fair cheeks were furrowed with hot tears. Byron.
Furrowy
Fur"row*y (?), a. Furrowed. [R.] Tennyson.
Furry
Fur"ry (?), a. [From Fur.]
1. Covered with fur; dressed in fur. "Furry nations." Thomson.
2. Consisting of fur; as, furry spoils. Dryden.
3. Resembling fur.
Further
Fur"ther (?), adv. [A comparative of forth; OE. further, forther, AS.
fur, far; akin to G. f\'81rder. See Forth, adv.] To a greater
distance; in addition; moreover. See Farther.
Carries us, I know not how much further, into familiar company. M.
Arnold.
They sdvanced us far as Eleusis and Thria; but no further. Jowett
(Thucyd. ).
Further off, not so near; apart by a greater distance.
Further
Fur"ther, a. compar. [Positive wanting; superl. Furthest.]
1. More remote; at a greater distance; more in advance; farther; as,
the further end of the field. See Farther.
2. Beyond; additional; as, a further reason for this opinion; nothing
further to suggest.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fo rms fu rther an d fa rther ar e in general not
differentiated by writers, but further is preferred by many when
application to quantity or degree is implied.
Further
Fur"ther", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furthered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Furthering.] [OE. furthren, forthren, AS. fyr&edh;ran, fyr&edh;rian.
See Further, adv.] To help forward; to promote; to advance; to
forward; to help or assist.
This binds thee, then, to further my design. Dryden.
I should nothing further the weal public. Robynsom (More's Utopia).
Furtherance
Fur"ther*ance (?), n. The act of furthering or helping forward;
promotion; advancement; progress.
I know that I shall abide and continue with you all for your
furthersnce and joy of faith. Phil. i. 25.
Built of furtherance and pursuing, Not of spent deeds, but of
doing. Emerson.
Fartherer
Far"ther*er (?), n. One who furthers. or helps to advance; a promoter.
Shak.
Furthermore
Fur"ther*more" (?), adv. or conj. Moreover; besides; in addition to
what has been said.
Furthermost
Fur"ther*most" (?), a. Most remote; furthest.
Furthersome
Fur"ther*some (?), a. Tending to further, advance, or promote;
helpful; advantageous. [R.]
You will not find it furthersome. Carlyle.
Furthest
Fur"thest (?), a. superl. Most remote; most in advance; farthest. See
Further, a.
Furthest
Fur"thest, adv. At the greatest distance; farthest.
Furtive
Fur"tive (?), a. [L. furtivus, fr. furtum theft, fr. fur thief, akin
to ferre to bear: cf. F. furtif. See Fertile.] Stolen; obtained or
characterized by stealth; sly; secret; stealthy; as, a furtive look.
Prior.
A hasty and furtive ceremony. Hallam.
Furtively
Fur"tive*ly, adv. Stealthily by theft. Lover.
Furuncle
Fu"run*cle (?), n. [L. furunculus a petty thief, a boil, dim. of fur
thief: cf. F. furoncle.] (Med.) A superficial, inflammatory tumor,
suppurating with a central core; a boil.
Faruncular
Fa*run"cu*lar (?), a. Of or pertaining to a furuncle; marked by the
presence of furuncles.
Fury
Fu"ry (?), n. [L. fur.] A thief. [Obs.]
Have an eye to your plate, for there be furies. J. Fleteher.
Fury
Fu"ry, n.; pl. Furies (#). [L. furia, fr. furere to rage: cf. F.
furie. Cf. Furor.]
1. Violent or extreme excitement; overmastering agitation or
enthusiasm. Her wit began to be with a divine fury inspired. Sir P.
Sidney.
2. Violent anger; extreme wrath; rage; -- sometimes applied to
inanimate things, as the wind or storms; impetuosity; violence. "Fury
of the wind." Shak.
I do oppose my patience to his fury. Shak.
3. pl. (Greek Myth.) The avenging deities, Tisiphone, Alecto, and
Meg\'91ra; the Erinyes or Eumenides.
The Furies, they said, are attendants on justice, and if the sun in
heaven should transgress his path would punish him. Emerson.
4. One of the Parc\'91, or Fates, esp. Atropos. [R.]
Comes the blind Fury with the abhorred shears, And slits the
thin-spun life. Milton.
5. A stormy, turbulent violent woman; a hag; a vixen; a virago; a
termagant. Syn. -- Anger; indignation; resentment; wrath; ire; rage;
vehemence; violence; fierceness; turbulence; madness; frenzy. See
Anger.
Furze
Furze (?), n. [OE. firs, As. fyrs.] (Bot.) A thorny evergreen shrub
(Ulex Europ\'91us), with beautiful yellow flowers, very common upon
the plains and hills of Great Britain; -- called also gorse, and whin.
The dwarf furze is Ulex nanus.
Furzechat
Furze"chat" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The whinchat; -- called also
furzechuck.
Furzeling
Furze"ling (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An English warbler (Melizophilus
provincialis); -- called also furze wren, and Dartford warbler.
Furzen
Furz"en (?), a. Furzy; gorsy. [Obs.] Holland.
Furzy
Furz"y (?), a. a.bounding in, or overgrown with, furze; characterized
by furze. Gay.
Fusain
Fu"sain" (?), n. [F., the spindle tree; also, charcoal made from it.]
(Eine Arts) (a) Fine charcoal of willow wood, used as a drawing
implement. (b) A drawing made with it. See Charcoal, n. 2, and
Charcoal drawing, under Charcoal.
Fusarole
Fu"sa*role (?), n. [F. fusarolle, fr. It. fusaruolo, fr. fuso spindle,
shaft of a column. See Fusee a conical wheel.] (Arch.) A molding
generally placed under the echinus or quarter round of capitals in the
Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders of architecture.
Fuscation
Fus*ca"tion (?), n. [L. fuscare, fuscatum, to make dark, fr. fuscus
dark.] A darkening; obscurity; obfuscation. [R.] Blount.
Fuscin
Fus"cin (?), n. [L. fuscus dark-colored, tawny.] (Physiol. Chem.) A
brown, nitrogenous pigment contained in the retinal epithelium; a
variety of melanin.
Fuscine
Fus"cine (?), n. (Chem.) A dark-colored substance obtained from
empyreumatic animal oil. [R.]
Fuscous
Fus"cous (?), a. [L. fuscus.] Brown or grayish black; darkish.
Sad and fuscous colors, as black or brown, or deep purple and the
like. Burke.
Fuse
Fuse (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fused (fuzd); p. pr. & vb. n. Fusing.]
[L. fusus, p. p. of fundere to pour, melt, cast. See Foundo to cast,
and cf. Futile.]
1. To liquefy by heat; to render fiuid; to dissolve; to melt.
2. To unite or blend, as if melted together.
Whose fancy fuses old and new. Tennyson.
Fuse
Fuse, v. i.
1. To be reduced from a solid to a Quid state by heat; to be melted;
to melt.
2. To be blended, as if melted together.
Fusing point, the degree of temperature at which a substance melts;
the point of fusion.
Fuse
Fuse, n. [For fusee, fusil. See 2d Fusil.] (Gunnery, Mining, etc.) A
tube or casing filled with combustible matter, by means of which a
charge of powder is ignited, as in blasting; -- called also fuzee. See
Fuze. Fuse hole, the hole in a shell prepared for the reception of the
fuse. Farrow.
Fusee
Fu*see" (?), n. [See 2d Fusil, and cf. Fuse, n.]
1. A flintlock gun. See 2d Fusil. [Obs.]
2. A fuse. See Fuse, n.
3. A kind of match for lighting a pipe or cigar. <-- 4. A red signal
flare. It is used esp. as a warning signal for trains or road
vehicles, indicating an obstruction or accident ahead. 5. (Railroad) A
small packet of explosive material with wire appendages allowing it to
be conveniently attached to a railroad track. It will explode with a
loud report when run over by a train, and is used to provide a warning
signal to the engineer. -->
Fusee
Fu*see", n. [Etymol. uncertain.] The track of a buck. Ainsworth.
Fusee
Fu*see", n. [F. fus\'82e a spindleful, fusee, LL. fusata, fr. fusare
to use a spindle, L. fusus spindle.] (a) The cone or conical wheel of
a watch or clock, designed to equalize the power of the mainspring by
having the chain from the barrel which contains the spring wind in a
spiral groove on the surface of the cone in such a manner that the
diameter of the cone at the point where the chain acts may correspond
with the degree of tension of the spring. (b) A similar wheel used in
other machinery.
Fusel, n., Fusel oil
Fu"sel (?), n., Fu"sel oil. [G. fusel bad liquor.] (Chem.) A hot,
acrid, oily liquid, accompanying many alcoholic liquors (as potato
whisky, corn whisky, etc.), as an undesirable ingredient, and
consisting of several of the higher alcohols and compound ethers, but
particularly of amyl alcohol; hence, specifically applied to amyl
alcohol.
Fusibility
Fu"si*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. fusibilit\'82.] The quality of being
fusible.
Fusible
Fu"si*ble (?), a. [F. fusible. See Fuse, v. t.] CapabIe of being
melted or liquefied. Fusible metal, any alloy of different metals
capable of being easily fused, especially an alloy of five parts of
bismuth, three of lead, and two of tin, which melts at a temperature
below that of boiling water. Ure. -- Fusible plug (Steam Boiler), a
piece of easily fusible alloy, placed in one of the sheets and
intended to melt and blow off the steam in case of low water.
Fusiform
Fu"si*form (?), a. [L. fusus spindle + -form: cf. F. fusiforme.]
Shaped like a spindle; tapering at each end; as, a fusiform root; a
fusiform cell.
Fusil
Fu"sil (?), a. [L. fusilis molten, fluid, fr. fundere, fusum, to pour,
cast. See Fuse, v. t.]
1. Capable of being melted or rendered fluid by heat; fusible. [R.] "A
kind of fusil marble" Woodward.
2. Running or flowing, as a liquid. [R.] "A fusil sea." J. Philips.
3. Formed by melting and pouring into a mold; cast; founded. [Obs.]
Milton.
Fusil
Fu"sil (?), n. [F. fusil, LL. fosile a steel for kindling fire, from
L. focus hearth, fireplace, in LLL. fire. See Focus, and cf. Fusee a
firelock.] A light kind of flintlock musket, formerly in use.
Fusil
Fu"sil, n. [See 3d Fusee.] (Her.) A bearing of a rhomboidal figure; --
named from its shape, which resembles that of a spindle.
NOTE: &hand; It di ffers fr om a lo zenge in be ing lo nger in
proportion to its width.
Fusile
Fu"sile (?), a. Same as Fusil, a.
Fusileer, Fusilier
Fu"sil*eer", Fu"sil*ier" (?), n. [F. fusilier, fr. fusil.] (Mil.) (a)
Formerly, a soldier armed with a fusil. Hence, in the plural: (b) A
title now borne by some regiments and companies; as, "The Royal
Fusiliers," etc.
Fusillade
Fu"sil*lade" (?), n. [F. fusillade, cf. It. fucilata. See Fusil a
firelock.] (Mil.) A simultaneous discharge of firearms.
Fusillade
Fu"sil*lade" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fusillader; p. pr. & vb. n.
Fusillading.] To shoot down of shoot at by a simultaneous discharge of
firearms.
Fusion
Fu"sion (?), n. [L. fusio, fr. fundere, fusum to pour, melt: cf. F.
fusion. See Fuse, v. t., aud cf, Foison.]
1. The act or operation of melting or rendering fluid by heat; the act
of melting together; as, the fusion of metals.
2. The state of being melted or dissolved by heat; a state of fluidity
or flowing in consequence of heat; as, metals in fusion.
3. The union or blending together of things, as, melted together.
The universal fusion of races, languages, and customs . . . had
produced a corresponding fusion of creeds. C. Kingsley.
Watery fusion (Chem.) the melting of certain crystals by heat in their
own water of crystallization.
4. (Biol.) The union, or binding together, of adjacent parts or
tissues.
Fusome
Fu"some (?), a. [AS. f to hasten, fr. f ready, prompt, quick; akin to
OS. f, OHG. funs, Icel. fuss willing; prob. from the root of E. find.]
Handy; reat; handsome; notable. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Fuss
Fuss (?), n. [Cf. Fusome.]
1. A tumult; a bustle; unnecessary or annoying ado about trifles.
Byron.
Zealously, assiduously, and with a minimum of fuss or noise
Carlyle.
2. One who is unduly anxious about trifles. [R.]
I am a fuss and I don't deny it. W. D. Howell.
Fuss
Fuss, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fussed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fussing.] To be
overbusy or unduly anxious about trifles; to make a bustle or ado. Sir
W. Scott.
Fussily
Fuss"i*ly (?), adv. In a fussy manner. Byron.
Fussiness
Fuss"i*ness, n. The quality of being fussy.
Fussy
Fuss"y (?), a. [Compar. Fussier (?); superl Fussiest.] Making a fuss;
disposed to make an unnecessary ado about trifles; overnice; fidgety.
Not at all fussy about his personal appearance. R. G. White.
Fast
Fast (?), n. [OF. fust, F. f, fr. L. fustis stick staff.] (Arch.) The
shaft of a column, or trunk of pilaster. Gwilt.
Fust
Fust, n. [OF. fust cask, F. f cask, taste or smell of the caak,
fustiness, cf. sentir le f to taste of the cask. See 1st Fust.] A
strong, musty smell; mustiness.
Fust
Fust, v. i. To become moldy; to smell ill. [Obs.]
Fusted
Fust"ed, a. Moldy; ill-smelling. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Fusteric
Fus"ter*ic (?), n. The coloring matter of fustet. Ure.
Fustet
Fus"tet (?), n. [F. fustet (cf. Sp. & Pg. fustete), LL. fustetus, fr.
L. fustis stick, in LL., tree, See 1st Fust, and cf. Fustic.] The wood
of the Rhus Cptinus or Venice sumach, a shrub of Southern Europe,
which yields a fine orange color, which, however, is not durable
without a mordant. Ure.
Fustian
Fus"tian (?), n. [OE. fustan, fustian, OF. fustaine, F. futaine, It.
fustagno, fr. LL. fustaneum, fustanum; cf. Pr. fustani, Sp. fustan. So
called from Fust\'bet, i. e., Cairo, where it was made.]
1. A kind of coarse twilled cotton or cotton and linen stuff,
including corduroy, velveteen, etc.
2. An inflated style of writing; a kind of writing in which
high-sounding words are used,' above the dignity of the thoughts or
subject; bombast.
Claudius . . . has run his description into the most wretched
fustian. Addison.
Fustian
Fus"tian, a.
1. Made of fustian.
2. Pompous; ridiculously tumid; inflated; bombastic; as, fustian
history. Walpole.
Fustianist
Fus"tian*ist, n. A writer of fustian. [R.] Milton.
Fustic
Fus"tic (?), n. [F. fustoc, Sp. fustoc. Cf. Fustet.] The wood of the
Maclura tinctoria, a tree growing in the West Indies, used in dyeing
yellow; -- called also old fustic. [Written also fustoc.]
NOTE: &hand; Other kinds of yellow wood are often called fustic; as
that of species of Xanthoxylum, and especially the Rhus Cotinus,
which is sometimes called young fustic to distinguish it from the
Maclura. See Fustet.
Fustigate
Fus"ti*gate (?), v. t. [L. fustigare, fr. fustis stick. See 1st Fust.]
To cudgel. [R.] Bailey.
Fustigation
Fus"ti*ga"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. fustigation.] A punishment by beating
with a stick or club; cudgeling.
This satire, composed of actual fustigation. Motley.
Fastilarian
Fas"ti*la"ri*an (?), n. [From Fusty.] A low fellow; a stinkard; a
scoundrel. [Obs.] Shak.
Fustilug
Fus"ti*lug` (, Fus"ti*lugs` (?), n. [Fusty + lug someting heavy, to be
drawn or carried.] A gross, fat, unwieldy person. [Obs.] F. Junius.
Fusiness
Fus"i*ness (?), n. A fusty state or quality; moldiness; mustiness; an
ill smell from moldiness.
Fusty
Fusty (?), a. [Compar. Fustier (#); superl Fustiest.] [See 2d Fust.]
1. Moldy; musty; ill-smelling; rank. "A fusty plebeians." Shak.
2. Moping. [Archaic]
A melancholy, fusty humor. Pepys.
Fussure
Fus"sure (?), n. [L. fusura, fr. fundere, fusum. See Fuse, v. t.] Act
of fusing; fusion. [R.]
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Futchel
Futch"el (?), n. The jaws between which the hinder end of a carriage
tongue is inserted. Knight.
Futile
Fu"tile (?; 277), a. [L. futilis that easily pours out, that easily
lets loose, vain, worthless, from the root of fundere to pour out: cf.
F. futile. See Fuse, v. t.]
1. Talkative; loquacious; tattling. [Obs.]
Talkers and futile persons. Bacon.
2. Of no importance; answering no useful end; useless; vain;
worthless. "Futile theories." I. Taylor.
His reasoning . . . was singularly futile. Macaulay.
Futilely
Fu"tile*ly, adv. In a futile manner.
Futility
Fu"til`i*ty (?), n. [L. futilitas: cf. F. futilit\'82.]
1. The quality of being talkative; talkativeness; loquaciousness;
loquacity. [Obs.]
2. The quality of producing no valuable effect, or of coming to
nothing; uselessness.
The futility of this mode of philosophizing. Whewell.
Futilous
Fu"til*ous (?), a. Futile; trifling. [Obs.]
Futtock
Fu"ttock (?), n. [Prob. corrupted fr. foothook.] (Naut.) One of the
crooked timbers which are scarfed together to form the lower part of
the compound rib of a vessel; one of the crooked transverse timbers
passing across and over the keel. Futtock plates (Naut.), plates of
iron to which the dead-eyes of the topmast rigging are secured. --
Futtock shrouds, short iron shrouds leading from the upper part of the
lower mast or of the main shrouds to the edge of the top, or through
it, and connecting the topmast rigging with the lower mast. Totten.
Futurable
Fu"tur*a*ble (?; 135), a. Capable of being future; possible to occur.
[R.]
Not only to things future, but futurable. Fuller.
Future
Fu"ture (?; 135), a. [F. futur, L. futurus, used as fut. p. of esse to
be, but from the same root as E. be. See Be, v. i.] That is to be or
come hereafter; that will exist at any time after the present; as, the
next moment is future, to the present. Future tense (Gram.), the tense
or modification of a verb which expresses a future act or event.
Future
Fu"ture (?), n. [Cf. F. futur. See Future, a.]
1. Time to come; time subsequent to the present (as, the future shall
be as the present); collectively, events that are to happen in time to
come. "Lay the future open." Shak.
2. The possibilities of the future; -- used especially of prospective
success or advancement; as, he had great future before him.
3. (Gram.) A future tense.
To deal in futures, to speculate on the future values of merchandise
or stocks. [Brokers' cant]
Futureless
Fu"ture*less, a. Without prospect of betterment in the future. W. D.
Howells.
Futurely
Fu"ture*ly, adv. In time to come. [Obs.] Raleigh.
Futurist
Fu"tur*ist, n.
1. One whose chief interests are in what is to come; one who
anxiously, eagerly, or confidently looks forward to the future; an
expectant.
2. (Theol.) One who believes or maintains that the fulfillment of the
prophecies of the Bible is to be in the future.
Futuritial
Fu`tu*ri"tial (?; 135), a. Relating to what is to come; pertaining to
futurity; future. [R.]
Futurition
Fu`tu*ri"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. futurition.] The state of being future;
futurity. [R.]
Nothing . . . can have this imagined futurition, but as it is
decreed. Coleridge.
Futurity
Fu*tu"ri*ty (?), n.; pl. Futurities (.
1. State of being that is yet to come; future state.
2. Future time; time to come; the future.
3. Event to come; a future event.
All futurities are naked before the All-seeing Eye. South.
Fuze
Fuze (?), n. A tube, filled with combustible matter, for exploding a
shell, etc. See Fuse, n. Chemical fuze, a fuze in which substances
separated until required for action are then brought into contact, and
uniting chemically, produce explosion. -- Concussion fuze, a fuze
ignited by the striking of the projectile. -- Electric fuze, a fuze
which is ignited by heat or a spark produced by an electric current.
-- Friction fuze, a fuze which is ignited by the heat evolved by
friction. -- Percussion fuze, a fuze in which the ignition is produced
by a blow on some fulminating compound. -- Time fuze, a fuze adapted,
either by its length or by the character of its composition, to burn a
certain time before producing an explosion.
Fuzz
Fuzz (?), v. t. To make drunk. [Obs.] Wood.
Fuzz
Fuzz, n. [Cf. Prov. E. fuzzy that ravels (of silk or cotton), D. voos
spongy, fungous, G. faser filament. E. feaze to untwist.] Fine, light
particles or fibers; loose, volatile matter. Fuzz ball, a kind of
fungus or mushroom, which, when pressed, bursts and scatters a fine
dust; a puffball.
Fuzz
Fuzz, v. i. To fly off in minute particles.
Fuzzle
Fuz"zle (?), v. t. [Cf. LG. fuseln to drink common liquor, fr. fusel
bad liquor.] To make drunk; to intoxicate; to fuddle. [Obs.] Burton.
Fuzzy
Fuzz"y (?), a. [See Fuzz, n.]
1. Not firmly woven; that ravels. [Written also fozy.] [Prov. Eng.]
2. Furnished with fuzz; having fuzz; like fuzz; as, the fuzzy skin of
a peach.
-fy
-fy (?). [Through French verbs in -fier, L. -ficare, akin to facere to
do, make. See Fact.] A suffix signifying to make, to form into, etc.;
as, acetify, amplify, dandify, Frenchify, etc.
Fy
Fy (?), interj. [See Fie, interj.] A word which expresses blame,
dislike, disapprobation, abhorrence, or contempt. See Fie.
Fyke
Fyke (?), n. [D. fuik a bow net.] A long bag net distended by hoops,
into which fish can pass easily, without being able to return; --
called also fyke net. Cozzens.
Fyllot
Fyl"lot (?), n. [Prov. fr. AS. fy, fierf, fe\'a2werf. See Four, and
Foot, n.] A rebated cross, formerly used as a secret emblem, and a
common ornament. It is also called gammadion, and swastika. <--
Illustr. of two types of fyllot. -->
Fyrd, Fyrdung
Fyrd (?), Fyr"dung (, n. [AS.; akin to E. fare, v. i.] (Old. Eng.
Hist.) The military force of the whole nation, consisting of all men
able to bear arms.
The national fyrd or militia. J. R. Green.
Fytte
Fytte (?), n. See Fit a song. [Archaic] G.