Unabridged Dictionary - Letter A

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*The Project Gutenberg Etext of Webster's Unabridged Dictionary*
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   A.

                                       A

   A  (named  \'be  in  the  English,  and  most  commonly  \'84 in other
   languages).  The  first  letter  of  the  English  and  of  many other
   alphabets.  The  capital  A  of  the  alphabets  of Middle and Western
   Europe,  as  also  the  small letter (a), besides the forms in Italic,
   black  letter, etc., are all descended from the old Latin A, which was
   borrowed  from  the  Greek  Alpha, of the same form; and this was made
   from the first letter (Aleph, and itself from the Egyptian origin. The
   Aleph  was  a  consonant letter, with a guttural breath sound that was
   not  an  element  of  Greek  articulation;  and  the Greeks took it to
   represent  their  vowel  Alpha  with  the \'84 sound, the Ph\'d2nician
   alphabet having no vowel symbols. This letter, in English, is used for
   several  different vowel sounds. See Guide to pronunciation, §§ 43-74.
   The regular long a, as in fate, etc., is a comparatively modern sound,
   and has taken the place of what, till about the early part of the 17th
   century, was a sound of the quality of \'84 (as in far).

   2. (Mus.) The name of the sixth tone in the model major scale (that in
   C),  or the first tone of the minor scale, which is named after it the
   scale in A minor. The second string of the violin is tuned to the A in
   the  treble  staff.  --  A  sharp  (A#)  is the name of a musical tone
   intermediate  between  A  and  B. -- A flat (Ab) is the name of a tone
   intermediate between A and G.
   A per se (L. per se by itself), one pre\'89minent; a nonesuch. [Obs.]

     O  fair  Creseide,  the  flower  and  A  per se Of Troy and Greece.
     Chaucer.

                                       A

   A (# emph. #).

   1.  [Shortened  form  of  an.  AS.  \'ben one. See One.] An adjective,
   commonly called the indefinite article, and signifying one or any, but
   less emphatically. "At a birth"; "In a word"; "At a blow". Shak.

     NOTE: It is  placed before nouns of the singular number denoting an
     individual  object,  or a quality individualized, before collective
     nouns,  and  also before plural nouns when the adjective few or the
     phrase great many or good many is interposed; as, a dog, a house, a
     man;  a  color;  a sweetness; a hundred, a fleet, a regiment; a few
     persons,  a  great  many  days.  It is used for an, for the sake of
     euphony,  before  words  beginning  with  a  consonant  sound  [for
     exception  of certain words beginning with h, see An]; as, a table,
     a  woman,  a  year, a unit, a eulogy, a ewe, a oneness, such a one,
     etc. Formally an was used both before vowels and consonants.

   2.  [Originally  the preposition a (an, on).] In each; to or for each;
   as,  "twenty  leagues  a  day", "a hundred pounds a year", "a dollar a
   yard", etc.

                                       A

   A (#), prep. [Abbreviated form of an (AS. on). See On.]

   1.  In;  on;  at; by. [Obs.] "A God's name." "Torn a pieces." "Stand a
   tiptoe."  "A  Sundays"  Shak. "Wit that men have now a days." Chaucer.
   "Set them a work." Robynson (More's Utopia)

   2.  In  process  of;  in  the  act  of;  into; to; -- used with verbal
   substantives in -ing which begin with a consonant. This is a shortened
   form of the preposition an (which was used before the vowel sound); as
   in a hunting, a building, a begging. "Jacob, when he was a dying" Heb.
   xi. 21. "We'll a birding together." " It was a doing." Shak. "He burst
   out  a  laughing."  Macaulay. The hyphen may be used to connect a with
   the verbal substantive (as, a-hunting, a-building) or the words may be
   written  separately.  This form of expression is now for the most part
   obsolete,  the a being omitted and the verbal substantive treated as a
   participle.

                                       A

   A.  [From  AS.  of  off, from. See Of.] Of. [Obs.] "The name of John a
   Gaunt." "What time a day is it ?" Shak. "It's six a clock." B. Jonson.

                                       A

   A.  A  barbarous corruption of have, of he, and sometimes of it and of
   they. "So would I a done" "A brushes his hat." Shak.

                                       A

   A. An expletive, void of sense, to fill up the meter

     A merry heart goes all the day, Your sad tires in a mile-a. Shak.

                                      A-.

   A-.  A, as a prefix to English words, is derived from various sources.
   (1)  It  frequently  signifies  on or in (from an, a forms of AS. on),
   denoting  a state, as in afoot, on foot, abed, amiss, asleep, aground,
   aloft,  away (AS. onweg), and analogically, ablaze, atremble, etc. (2)
   AS. of off, from, as in adown (AS. ofd\'81ne off the dun or hill). (3)
   AS.  \'be-  (Goth.  us-,  ur-,  Ger. er-), usually giving an intensive
   force,  and sometimes the sense of away, on, back, as in arise, abide,
   ago.  (4)  Old  English  y-  or i- (corrupted from the AS. inseparable
   particle  ge-,  cognate  with  OHG.  ga-, gi-, Goth. ga-), which, as a
   prefix,  made  no  essential addition to the meaning, as in aware. (5)
   French \'85 (L. ad to), as in abase, achieve. (6) L. a, ab, abs, from,
   as  in avert. (7) Greek insep. prefix a without, or privative, not, as
   in abyss, atheist; akin to E. un-.

     NOTE: Besides th ese, there are other sources from which the prefix
     a takes its origin.

                                      A 1

   A  1  (#).  A  registry  mark given by underwriters (as at Lloyd's) to
   ships  in  first-class condition. Inferior grades are indicated by A 2
   and A 3.

     NOTE: A 1  is  al so ap plied colloquially to other things to imply
     superiority; prime; first-class; first-rate.

                                      Aam

   Aam  (#),  n.  [D. aam, fr. LL. ama; cf. L. hama a water bucket, Gr. A
   Dutch  and  German  measure  of  liquids, varying in different cities,
   being  at  Amsterdam  about  41  wine  gallons,  at Antwerp 36\'ab, at
   Hamburg 38\'ac. [Written also Aum and Awm.]

                                   Aard-vark

   Aard"-vark` (#), n. [D., earth-pig.] (Zo\'94l.) An edentate mammal, of
   the genus Orycteropus, somewhat resembling a pig, common in some parts
   of  Southern  Africa.  It burrows in the ground, and feeds entirely on
   ants, which it catches with its long, slimy tongue.

                                   Aard-wolf

   Aard"-wolf` (#), n. [D, earth-wolf] (Zo\'94l.) A carnivorous quadruped
   (Proteles  Lalandii),  of  South Africa, resembling the fox and hyena.
   See Proteles.

                              Aaronic, Aaronical

   Aa*ron"ic  (#),  Aa*ron"ic*al  (#),  a. Pertaining to Aaron, the first
   high priest of the Jews.

                                  Aaron's rod

   Aar"on's rod` (#). [See Exodus vii. 9 and Numbers xvii. 8]

   1.  (Arch.)  A  rod  with one serpent twined around it, thus differing
   from the caduceus of Mercury, which has two.

   2.  (Bot.) A plant with a tall flowering stem; esp. the great mullein,
   or hag-taper, and the golden-rod.

                                      Ab-

   Ab- (#). [Latin prep., etymologically the same as E. of, off. See Of.]
   A  prefix  in  many  words  of Latin origin. It signifies from, away ,
   separating, or departure, as in abduct, abstract, abscond. See A-(6).

                                      Ab

   Ab  (#),  n.  [Of  Syriac  origin.] The fifth month of the Jewish year
   according  to  the ecclesiastical reckoning, the eleventh by the civil
   computation, coinciding nearly with August. W. Smith.

                                     Abaca

   Ab"a*ca  (#),  n.  [The  native  name.]  The  Manila-hemp  plant (Musa
   textilis); also, its fiber. See Manila hemp under Manila.

                                   Abacinate

   A*bac"i*nate  (#),  v.t.  [LL. abacinatus, p.p. of abacinare; ab off +
   bacinus  a  basin.]  To blind by a red-hot metal plate held before the
   eyes. [R.]

                                  Abacination

   A*bac`i*na"tion (#), n. The act of abacinating. [R.]

                                   Abaciscus

   Ab`a*cis"cus  (#), n. [Gr.Abacus.] (Arch.) One of the tiles or squares
   of a tessellated pavement; an abaculus.

                                    Abacist

   Ab"a*cist (#), n. [LL abacista, fr. abacus.] One who uses an abacus in
   casting accounts; a calculator.

                                     Aback

   A*back"  (#),  adv.  [Pref. a- + back; AS. on b\'91c at, on, or toward
   the back. See Back.]

   1.  Toward  the back or rear; backward. "Therewith aback she started."
   Chaucer.

   2. Behind; in the rear. Knolles. 

   3.  (Naut.)  Backward against the mast;-said of the sails when pressed
   by the wind. Totten.
   To be taken aback. (a) To be driven backward against the mast; -- said
   of  the sails, also of the ship when the sails are thus driven. (b) To
   be suddenly checked, baffled, or discomfited. Dickens.

                                     Aback

   Ab"ack (#), n. An abacus. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

                                   Abactinal

   Ab*ac"ti*nal  (#),  a.  [L. ab + E. actinal.] (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to
   the  surface  or  end  opposite  to  the mouth in a radiate animal; --
   opposed to actinal. "The aboral or abactinal area." L. Agassiz.

                                   Abaction

   Ab*ac"tion (#), n. Stealing cattle on a large scale. [Obs.]

                                    Abactor

   Ab*ac"tor  (#), n. [L., fr. abigere to drive away; ab+agere to drive.]
   (Law)  One  who  steals  and  drives away cattle or beasts by herds or
   droves. [Obs.]

                                   Abaculus

   A*bac"u*lus  (#), n.; pl. Abaculi (#). [L., dim. of abacus.] (Arch.) A
   small  tile  of  glass, marble, or other substance, of various colors,
   used in making ornamental patterns in mosaic pavements. Fairholt.

                                    Abacus

   Ab"a*cus  (#),  n.>;  E.  pl. Abacuses ; L. pl. Abaci (#). [L. abacus,
   abax, Gr.

   1.  A  table  or  tray  strewn  with sand, anciently used for drawing,
   calculating, etc. [Obs.]

   2.  A  calculating  table  or  frame;  an  instrument  for  performing
   arithmetical  calculations  by  balls sliding on wires, or counters in
   grooves,  the  lowest  line representing units, the second line, tens,
   etc. It is still employed in China.

   3.  (Arch.)  (a)  The uppermost member or division of the capital of a
   column,  immediately  under  the architrave. See Column. (b) A tablet,
   panel, or compartment in ornamented or mosaic work.

   4.  A board, tray, or table, divided into perforated compartments, for
   holding  cups,  bottles,  or  the like; a kind of cupboard, buffet, or
   sideboard.
   Abacus harmonicus (Mus.), an ancient diagram showing the structure and
   disposition of the keys of an instrument. Crabb.

                                     Abada

   Ab"a*da  (#),  n. [Pg., the female rhinoceros.] The rhinoceros. [Obs.]
   Purchas.

                                    Abaddon

   A*bad"don  (#), n. [Heb. \'bebadd\'d3n destruction, abyss, fr. \'bebad
   to be lost, to perish.]

   1.  The  destroyer,  or  angel  of  the bottomless pit; -- the same as
   Apollyon and Asmodeus.

   2. Hell; the bottomless pit. [Poetic]

     In all her gates, Abaddon rues Thy bold attempt. Milton.

                                     Abaft

   A*baft"  (#),  prep.  [Pref.  a-on  +  OE.  baft, baften, biaften, AS.
   be\'91ftan;  be  by  +  \'91ftan  behind. See After, Aft, By.] (Naut.)
   Behind;  toward  the  stern  from; as, abaft the wheelhouse. Abaft the
   beam. See under Beam.

                                     Abaft

   A*baft", adv. (Naut.) Toward the stern; aft; as, to go abaft.

                                   Abaisance

   A*bai"sance  (#),  n.  [For  obeisance;  confused with F. abaisser, E.
   abase] Obeisance. [Obs.] Jonson.

                                    Abaiser

   A*bai"ser (#), n. Ivory black or animal charcoal. Weale.
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                                    Abaist

   A*baist" (#), p.p. Abashed; confounded; discomfited. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Abalienate

   Ab*al"ien*ate  (#),  v.t.  [L.  abalienatus,  p.p. of abalienare; ab +
   alienus foreign, alien. See Alien.]

   1.  (Civil  Law)  To  transfer  the  title  of from one to another; to
   alienate.

   2. To estrange; to withdraw. [Obs.]

   3. To cause alienation of (mind). Sandys.

                                 Abalienation

   Ab*al`ien*a"tion  (#),  n.  [L. abalienatio: cf. F. abalianation.] The
   act of abalienating; alienation; estrangement. [Obs.]

                                    Abalone

   Ab`a*lo"ne  (#),  n.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  univalve  mollusk  of  the  genus
   Haliotis.  The  shell  is  lined  with  mother-of-pearl,  and used for
   ornamental  purposes;  the sea-ear. Several large species are found on
   the coast of California, clinging closely to the rocks.

                                     Aband

   A*band" (#), v.t. [Contracted from abandon.]

   1. To abandon. [Obs.]

     Enforced the kingdom to aband. Spenser.

   2. To banish; to expel. [Obs.] Mir. for Mag.

                                    Abandon

   A*ban"don  (#),  v.t.  [imp.  &  p.p.  Abandoned  (#);  p.pr.  & vb.n.
   Abandoning.]   [OF.   abandoner,   F.abandonner;   a   (L.  ad)+bandon
   permission,   authority,  LL.  bandum,  bannum,  public  proclamation,
   interdiction,  bannire  to  proclaim,  summon: of Germanic origin; cf.
   Goth.  bandwjan  to  show by signs, to designate OHG. banproclamation.
   The word meant to proclaim, put under a ban, put under control; hence,
   as  in OE., to compel, subject, or to leave in the control of another,
   and hence, to give up. See Ban.]

   1. To cast or drive out; to banish; to expel; to reject. [Obs.]

     That he might . . . abandon them from him. Udall.

     Being all this time abandoned from your bed. Shak.

   2.  To  give up absolutely; to forsake entirely ; to renounce utterly;
   to  relinquish  all  connection  with  or  concern on; to desert, as a
   person to whom one owes allegiance or fidelity; to quit; to surrender.

     Hope was overthrown, yet could not be abandoned. I. Taylor.

   3.   Reflexively  :  To  give  (one's  self)  up  without  attempt  at
   self-control  ;  to  yield (one's self) unrestrainedly ; -- often in a
   bad sense.

     He abandoned himself . . . to his favorite vice. Macaulay.

   4.  (Mar.  Law)  To  relinquish  all claim to; -- used when an insured
   person gives up to underwriters all claim to the property covered by a
   policy,  which  may  remain  after  loss  or damage by a peril insured
   against.  Syn.  -- To give up; yield; forego; cede; surrender; resign;
   abdicate;  quit; relinquish; renounce; desert; forsake; leave; retire;
   withdraw  from.  --  To Abandon, Desert, Forsake. These words agree in
   representing  a person as giving up or leaving some object, but differ
   as  to  the mode of doing it. The distinctive sense of abandon is that
   of  giving  up  a  thing  absolutely and finally; as, to abandon one's
   friends, places, opinions, good or evil habits, a hopeless enterprise,
   a  shipwrecked  vessel. Abandon is more widely applicable than forsake
   or  desert.  The  Latin  original  of  desert  appears  to  have  been
   originally  applied  to  the  case of deserters from military service.
   Hence, the verb, when used of persons in the active voice, has usually
   or  always a bad sense, implying some breach of fidelity, honor, etc.,
   the  leaving  of something which the person should rightfully stand by
   and  support;  as,  to  desert  one's colors, to desert one's post, to
   desert  one's  principles or duty. When used in the passive, the sense
   is  not  necessarily  bad;  as,  the  fields were deserted, a deserted
   village,  deserted halls. Forsake implies the breaking off of previous
   habit,  association,  personal  connection, or that the thing left had
   been  familiar  or  frequented; as, to forsake old friends, to forsake
   the  paths  of rectitude, the blood forsook his cheeks. It may be used
   either in a good or in a bad sense.

                                    Abandon

   A*ban"don,   n.   [F.   abandon.  fr.  abandonner.  See  Abandon,  v.]
   Abandonment; relinquishment. [Obs.]

                                    Abandon

   A`ban`don"  (#),  n. [F. See Abandon.] A complete giving up to natural
   impulses;  freedom  from  artificial  constraint;  careless freedom or
   ease.

                                   Abandoned

   A*ban"doned (#), a.

   1. Forsaken, deserted. "Your abandoned streams." Thomson.

   2.  Self-abandoned,  or given up to vice; extremely wicked, or sinning
   without  restraint;  irreclaimably  wicked ; as, an abandoned villain.
   Syn.  -- Profligate; dissolute; corrupt; vicious; depraved; reprobate;
   wicked;  unprincipled;  graceless;  vile.  --  Abandoned,  Profligate,
   Reprobate.  These  adjectives  agree  in  expressing the idea of great
   personal  depravity.  Profligate  has  reference to open and shameless
   immoralities,  either  in  private  life  or  political conduct; as, a
   profligate  court,  a  profligate ministry. Abandoned is stronger, and
   has  reference  to  the  searing  of conscience and hardening of heart
   produced by a man's giving himself wholly up to iniquity; as, a man of
   abandoned  character. Reprobate describes the condition of one who has
   become  insensible  to  reproof, and who is morally abandoned and lost
   beyond hope of recovery.

     God gave them over to a reprobate mind. Rom. i. 28.

                                  Abandonedly

   A*ban"doned*ly, adv. Unrestrainedly.

                                   Abandonee

   A*ban`don*ee" (#), n. (Law) One to whom anything is legally abandoned.

                                   Abandoner

   A*ban"don*er (#), n. One who abandons. Beau. & Fl.

                                  Abandonment

   A*ban"don*ment (#), n. [Cf. F. abandonnement.]

   1.  The  act  of  abandoning,  or  the state of being abandoned; total
   desertion; relinquishment.

     The abandonment of the independence of Europe. Burke.

   2. (Mar. Law) The relinquishment by the insured to the underwriters of
   what  may  remain  of the property insured after a loss or damage by a
   peril insured against.

   3.  (Com. Law) (a) The relinquishment of a right, claim, or privilege,
   as  to  mill  site, etc. (b) The voluntary leaving of a person to whom
   one  is  bound  by  a  special relation, as a wife, husband, or child;
   desertion.

   4. Careless freedom or ease; abandon. [R.] Carlyle.

                                    Abandum

   A*ban"*dum  (#),  n.  [LL.  See  Abandon.] (Law) Anything forfeited or
   confiscated.

                                    Abanet

   Ab"a*net (#), n. See Abnet.

                                    Abanga

   A*ban"ga  (#),  n.  [Name  given  by  the negroes in the island of St.
   Thomas.] A West Indian palm; also the fruit of this palm, the seeds of
   which are used as a remedy for diseases of the chest.

                            Abannation, Abannition

   Ab`an*na"tion  (#),  Ab`an*nition  (#),  n.  [LL.  abannatio; ad + LL.
   bannire to banish.] (Old Law) Banishment. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                Abarticulation

   Ab`ar*tic`u*la"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ab  +  E.  articulation  :  cf. F.
   abarticulation.  See Article.] (Anat.) Articulation, usually that kind
   of articulation which admits of free motion in the joint; diarthrosis.
   Coxe.

                                     Abase

   A*base"  (#), v.t. [imp.&p.p. Abased (#); p.pr. & vb. n. Abasing.] [F.
   abaisser,  LL. abassare, abbassare ; ad + bassare, fr. bassus low. See
   Base, a.]

   1.  To  lower or depress; to throw or cast down; as, to abase the eye.
   [Archaic] Bacon.

     Saying so, he abased his lance. Shelton.

   2.  To cast down or reduce low or lower, as in rank, office, condition
   in  life,  or  estimation  of  worthiness;  to  depress; to humble; to
   degrade.

     Whosoever exalteth himself shall be abased. Luke xiv. ll.

   Syn.  --  To  Abase, Debase, Degrade. These words agree in the idea of
   bringing down from a higher to a lower state. Abase has reference to a
   bringing  down in condition or feelings; as to abase one's self before
   God.  Debase  has reference to the bringing down of a thing in purity,
   or  making  it base. It is, therefore, always used in a bad sense, as,
   to  debase  the  coin  of  the  kingdom, to debase the mind by vicious
   indulgence,  to  debase  one's  style by coarse or vulgar expressions.
   Degrade  has  reference  to  a bringing down from some higher grade or
   from  some  standard.  Thus,  a  priest  is degraded from the clerical
   office.  When  used  in  a  moral sense, it denotes a bringing down in
   character  and  just  estimation;  as,  degraded  by  intemperance,  a
   degrading  employment,  etc. "Art is degraded when it is regarded only
   as a trade."

                                    Abased

   A*based" (#), a.

   1. Lowered; humbled.

   2.  (Her.)  [F.  abaiss\'82.] Borne lower than usual, as a fess; also,
   having  the ends of the wings turned downward towards the point of the
   shield.

                                   Abasedly

   A*bas"ed*ly (#), adv. Abjectly; downcastly.

                                   Abasement

   A*base"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  abaissement.]  The  act  of  abasing,
   humbling,  or  bringing  low;  the  state  of being abased or humbled;
   humiliation.

                                    Abaser

   A*bas"er (#), n. He who, or that which, abases.

                                     Abash

   A*bash"  (#), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abashed (#); p.pr. & vb. n. Abashing.]
   [OE.  abaissen,  abaisshen,  abashen,  OF.esbahir,  F.  \'82bahir,  to
   astonish,  fr.  L. ex + the interjection bah, expressing astonishment.
   In  OE.  somewhat  confused  with  abase.  Cf. Finish.] To destroy the
   self-possession  of; to confuse or confound, as by exciting suddenly a
   consciousness  of  guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to put to shame; to
   disconcert; to discomfit.

     Abashed, the devil stood, And felt how awful goodness is. Milton.

     He was a man whom no check could abash. Macaulay.

   Syn. -- To confuse; confound; disconcert; shame. -- To Abash, Confuse,
   Confound.  Abash is a stronger word than confuse, but not so strong as
   confound.  We are abashed when struck either with sudden shame or with
   a humbling sense of inferiority; as, Peter was abashed in the presence
   of  those  who  are  greatly his superiors. We are confused when, from
   some  unexpected or startling occurrence, we lose clearness of thought
   and  self-possession.  Thus,  a  witness is often confused by a severe
   cross-examination;  a timid person is apt to be confused in entering a
   room  full  of  strangers.  We  are  confounded  when  our  minds  are
   overwhelmed,  as  it  were,  by  something wholly unexpected, amazing,
   dreadful,  etc.,  so  that we have nothing to say. Thus, a criminal is
   usually confounded at the discovery of his guilt.

     Satan stood Awhile as mute, confounded what to say. Milton.

                                   Abashedly

   A*bash"ed*ly (#), adv. In an abashed manner.

                                   Abashment

   A*bash"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  \'82bahissement.]  The state of being
   abashed; confusion from shame.

                                Abassi, Abassis

   A*bas"si  (#),  A*bas"sis (#), n. [Ar.& Per. ab\'bes\'c6, belonging to
   Abas  (a king of Persia).] A silver coin of Persia, worth about twenty
   cents.

                                   Abatable

   A*bat"a*ble  (#),  a. Capable of being abated; as, an abatable writ or
   nuisance.

                                     Abate

   A*bate"  (#),  v.t.  [imp.&  p.p. Abated, p.pr. & vb.n. Abating.] [OF.
   abatre  to  beat  down,  F.  abattre,  LL. abatere; ab or ad + batere,
   battere (popular form for L. batuere to beat). Cf. Bate, Batter.]

   1. To beat down; to overthrow. [Obs.]

     The King of Scots . . . sore abated the walls. Edw. Hall.

   2.  To bring down or reduce from a higher to a lower state, number, or
   degree;  to  lessen;  to  diminish; to contract; to moderate; toto cut
   short; as, to abate a demand; to abate pride, zeal, hope.

     His eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated. Deut. xxxiv. 7.

   3. To deduct; to omit; as, to abate something from a price.

     Nine thousand parishes, abating the odd hundreds. Fuller.

   4. To blunt. [Obs.]

     To abate the edge of envy. Bacon.

   5. To reduce in estimation; to deprive. [Obs.]

     She hath abated me of half my train. Shak.

   6. (Law) (a) To bring entirely down or put an end to; to do away with;
   as,  to abate a nuisance, to abate a writ. (b) (Eng. Law) To diminish;
   to reduce. Legacies are liable to be abated entirely or in proportion,
   upon a deficiency of assets.
   To abate a tax, to remit it either wholly or in part.

                                     Abate

   A*bate" (#), v.i. [See Abate, v.t.]

   1.  To  decrease,  or  become  less  in strength or violence; as, pain
   abates, a storm abates.

     The fury of Glengarry . . . rapidly abated. Macaulay.

   2.  To be defeated, or come to naught; to fall through; to fail; as, a
   writ abates.
   To  abate  into  a  freehold, To abate in lands (Law), to enter into a
   freehold  after  the  death of the last possessor, and before the heir
   takes  possession.  See  Abatement,  4.  Syn. -- To subside; decrease;
   intermit;  decline;  diminish;  lessen.  --  To  Abate, Subside. These
   words,  as  here  compared,  imply  a coming down from some previously
   raised  or  exited  state. Abate expresses this in respect to degrees,
   and  implies  a  diminution  of  force  or of intensity; as, the storm
   abates,  the  cold  abates, the force of the wind abates; or, the wind
   abates,  a  fever  abates. Subside (to settle down) has reference to a
   previous  state of agitation or commotion; as, the waves subside after
   a  storm,  the  wind  subsides  into  a  calm. When the words are used
   figuratively,  the same distinction should be observed. If we conceive
   of  a  thing as having different degrees of intensity or strength, the
   word to be used is abate. Thus we say, a man's anger abates, the ardor
   of  one's  love abates, "Winter rage abates". But if the image be that
   of  a  sinking down into quiet from preceding excitement or commotion,
   the word to be used is subside; as, the tumult of the people subsides,
   the  public mind subsided into a calm. The same is the case with those
   emotions  which  are  tumultuous  in  their  nature;  as,  his passion
   subsides, his joy quickly subsided, his grief subsided into a pleasing
   melancholy.  Yet  if, in such cases, we were thinking of the degree of
   violence of the emotion, we might use abate; as, his joy will abate in
   the progress of time; and so in other instances.

                                     Abate

   A*bate (#), n. Abatement. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                   Abatement

   A*bate"ment (#), n. [OF. abatement, F. abattement.]

   1.  The  act  of  abating,  or the state of being abated; a lessening,
   diminution,  or  reduction;  removal  or  putting  an  end to; as, the
   abatement of a nuisance is the suppression thereof.

   2.  The  amount  abated; that which is taken away by way of reduction;
   deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount allowed.

   3. (Her.) A mark of dishonor on an escutcheon.

   4. (Law) The entry of a stranger, without right, into a freehold after
   the  death  of  the  last  possessor,  before  the  heir  or  devisee.
   Blackstone.
   Defense  in  abatement,  Plea  in abatement, (Law), plea to the effect
   that from some formal defect (e.g. misnomer, want of jurisdiction) the
   proceedings should be abated.

                                    Abater

   A*bat"er (#), n. One who, or that which, abates.

                                Abatis, Abattis

   Ab"a*tis, Aba"t*tis, (#) n. [F. abatis, abattis, mass of things beaten
   or  cut  down,  fr.  abattre.  See  Abate.] (Fort.) A means of defense
   formed  by  felled trees, the ends of whose branches are sharpened and
   directed outwards, or against the enemy.

                                   Abatised

   Ab"a*tised (#), a. Provided with an abatis.

                                    Abator

   A*ba"tor  (#),  n.  (Law)  (a) One who abates a nuisance. (b) A person
   who,  without  right,  enters into a freehold on the death of the last
   possessor, before the heir or devisee. Blackstone.

                                   Abattoir

   A`bat`toir" (#), n.; pl. Abattoirs (#). [F., fr. abattre to beat down.
   See Abate.] A public slaughterhouse for cattle, sheep, etc.

                                    Abature

   Ab"a*ture  (#),  n.  [F.  abatture, fr. abattre. See Abate.] Grass and
   sprigs beaten or trampled down by a stag passing through them. Crabb.

                                   Abatvoix

   A`bat`voix"  (#),  n.  [F.  abattre  to  beat  down + voix voice.] The
   sounding-board over a pulpit or rostrum.

                                    Abawed

   Ab*awed"  (#), p.p. [Perh. p.p. of a verb fr. OF. abaubir to frighten,
   disconcert,  fr.  L.  ad  +  balbus  stammering.] Astonished; abashed.
   [Obs.] Chaucer.

                               Abaxial, Abaxile

   Ab*ax"i*al  (#),  Ab*ax"ile  (#),  a. [L. ab + axis axle.] (Bot.) Away
   from the axis or central line; eccentric. Balfour.

                                     Abay

   A*bay"  (#), n. [OF. abay barking.] Barking; baying of dogs upon their
   prey. See Bay. [Obs.]

                                      Abb

   Abb  (#),  n.  [AS.  \'beweb,  \'beb;  pref. a- + web. See Web.] Among
   weaves, yarn for the warp. Hence, abb wool is wool for the abb.

                                     Abba

   Ab"ba  (#),  n.  [Syriac abb\'be father. See Abbot.] Father; religious
   superior;  --  in  the  Syriac, Coptic, and Ethiopic churches, a title
   given to the bishops, and by the bishops to the patriarch.

                                    Abbacy

   Ab"ba*cy  (#),  n.; pl. Abbacies (#). [L. abbatia, fr. abbas, abbatis,
   abbot. See Abbey.] The dignity, estate, or jurisdiction of an abbot.

                                   Abbatial

   Ab*ba"tial (#), a. [LL. abbatialis : cf. F. abbatial.] Belonging to an
   abbey; as, abbatial rights.

                                   Abbatical

   Ab*bat"ic*al (#), a. Abbatial. [Obs.]

                                    Abb\'82

   Ab"b\'82` (#), n.[F. abb\'82. See Abbot.] The French word answering to
   the  English  abbot,  the  head  of  an abbey; but commonly a title of
   respect  given  in  France to every one vested with the ecclesiastical
   habit or dress.

     NOTE: \'b5 Af ter th e 16 th century, the name was given, in social
     parlance, to candidates for some priory or abbey in the gift of the
     crown.  Many  of  these aspirants became well known in literary and
     fashionable life. By further extension, the name came to be applied
     to unbeneficed secular ecclesiastics generally.

   Littr\'82.

                                    Abbess

   Ab"bess  (#),  n. [OF.abaesse, abeesse, F. abbesse, L. abbatissa, fem.
   of  abbas,  abbatis, abbot. See Abbot.] A female superior or governess
   of  a  nunnery, or convent of nuns, having the same authority over the
   nuns which the abbots have over the monks. See Abbey.

                                     Abbey

   Ab"bey  (#), n.; pl. Abbeys (#). [OF. aba\'8be, F. abbaye, L. abbatia,
   fr. abbas abbot. See Abbot.]

   1.  A monastery or society of persons of either sex, secluded from the
   world  and  devoted  to  religion  and  celibacy;  also,  the monastic
   building or buildings.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e me n ar e called monks, and governed by an abbot;
     the women are called nuns, and governed by an abbess.

   2. The church of a monastery.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 3

     NOTE: In Lo  ndon, th e Ab bey me ans We stminster Ab bey, an d in 
     Scotland,  the precincts of the Abbey of Holyrood. The name is also
     retained  for  a  private  residence  on  the site of an abbey; as,
     Newstead Abbey, the residence of Lord Byron.

   Syn. -- Monastery; convent; nunnery; priory; cloister. See Cloister.

                                     Abbot

   Ab"bot  (#),  n.  [AS.  abbod,  abbad,  L. abbas, abbatis, Gr. abb\'be
   father. Cf. Abba, Abb\'90.]

   1. The superior or head of an abbey.

   2.  One  of a class of bishops whose sees were formerly abbeys. Encyc.
   Brit.
   Abbot  of  the  people.  a  title  formerly  given to one of the chief
   magistrates  in  Genoa.  --  Abbot of Misrule (or Lord of Misrule), in
   medi\'91val  times, the master of revels, as at Christmas; in Scotland
   called the Abbot of Unreason. Encyc. Brit.

                                   Abbotship

   Ab"bot*ship (#), n. [Abbot + -ship.] The state or office of an abbot.

                                  Abbreviate

   Ab*bre"vi*ate  (#),  v.t.  [imp. & p.p. Abbreviated (#); p.pr. & vb.n.
   Abbreviating.]  [L.  abbreviatus, p.p. of abbreviare; ad + breviare to
   shorten, fr. brevis short. See Abridge.]

   1.  To  make briefer; to shorten; to abridge; to reduce by contraction
   or omission, especially of words written or spoken.

     It  is  one  thing to abbreviate by contracting, another by cutting
     off. Bacon.

     2. (Math.) To reduce to lower terms, as a fraction.

                                  Abbreviate

     Ab*bre"vi*ate (#), a. [L. abbreviatus, p.p.]

     1.  Abbreviated;  abridged;  shortened. [R.] "The abbreviate form."
     Earle.

     2.  (Biol.) Having one part relatively shorter than another or than
     the ordinary type.

                                  Abbreviate

     Ab*bre"vi*ate, n. An abridgment. [Obs.] Elyot.

                                  Abbreviated

     Ab*bre"vi*a`ted (#), a. Shortened; relatively short; abbreviate.

                                 Abbreviation

     Ab*bre`vi*a"tion (#), n. [LL. abbreviatio: cf. F. abbr\'82viation.]

     1. The act of shortening, or reducing.

     2. The result of abbreviating; an abridgment. Tylor.

     3. The form to which a word or phrase is reduced by contraction and
     omission;  a  letter  or  letters, standing for a word or phrase of
     which  they  are  a  part;  as, Gen. for Genesis; U.S.A. for United
     States of America.

     4.  (Mus.)  One dash, or more, through the stem of a note, dividing
     it  respectively  into  quavers,  semiquavers, or demi-semiquavers.
     Moore.

                                  Abbreviator

     Ab*bre"vi*a`tor (#), n. [LL.: cf. F. abbr\'82viateur.]

     1. One who abbreviates or shortens.

     2.  One  of  a  college  of seventy-two officers of the papal court
     whose  duty  is to make a short minute of a decision on a petition,
     or  reply of the pope to a letter, and afterwards expand the minute
     into official form.

                                 Abbreviatory

     Ab*bre"vi*a*to*ry   (#),  a.  Serving  or  tending  to  abbreviate;
     shortening; abridging.

                                 Abbreviature

     Ab*bre"vi*a*ture (#), n.

     1. An abbreviation; an abbreviated state or form. [Obs.]

     2. An abridgment; a compendium or abstract.

     This is an excellent abbreviature of the whole duty of a Christian.
     Jer. Taylor.

                                   Abb wool

     Abb" wool (#). See Abb.

                                     A B C

     A B C" (#).

     1.  The  first  three  letters  of the alphabet, used for the whole
     alphabet.

     2.  A  primer  for  teaching  the  alphabet  and  first elements of
     reading. [Obs.]

     3. The simplest rudiments of any subject; as, the A B C of finance.

   A B C book, a primer. Shak.

                                     Abdal

   Ab"dal  (#),  n.  [Ar.  bad\'c6l,  pl. abd\'bel, a substitute, a good,
   religious  man,  saint, fr. badala to change, substitute.] A religious
   devotee or dervish in Persia.

                                   Abderian

   Ab*de"ri*an  (#),  a.  [From  Abdera, a town in Thrace, of which place
   Democritus,   the  Laughing  Philosopher,  was  a  native.]  Given  to
   laughter; inclined to foolish or incessant merriment.

                                   Abderite

   Ab*de"rite (#), n. [L. Abderita, Abderites, fr. Gr. ' An inhabitant of
   Abdera, in Thrace. The Abderite, Democritus, the Laughing Philosopher.

                                    Abdest

   Ab"dest  (#),  n. [Per. \'bebdast; ab water + dast hand.] Purification
   by washing the hands before prayer; -- a Mohammedan rite. Heyse.

                                   Abdicable

   Ab"di*ca*ble (#), a. Capable of being abdicated.

                                   Abdicant

   Ab"di*cant  (#),  a.  [L.  abdicans,  p.pr.  of abdicare.] Abdicating;
   renouncing; -- followed by of.

     Monks abdicant of their orders. Whitlock.

                                   Abdicant

   Ab"di*cant, n. One who abdicates. Smart.

                                   Abdicate

   Ab"di*cate  (#),  v.t.  [imp.  &  p.p.  Abdicated  (#);  p.pr. & vb.n.
   Abdicating.] [L. abdicatus, p.p. of abdicare; ab + dicare to proclaim,
   akin to dicere to say. See Diction.]

   1.  To  surrender  or  relinquish,  as  sovereign  power;  to withdraw
   definitely  from  filling  or  exercising,  as a high office, station,
   dignity; as, to abdicate the throne, the crown, the papacy.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd ab dicate wa s held to mean, in the case of
     James II., to abandon without a formal surrender.

     The cross-bearers abdicated their service. Gibbon.

   2.  To  renounce;  to relinquish; -- said of authority, a trust, duty,
   right, etc.

     He abdicates all right to be his own governor. Burke.

     The understanding abdicates its functions. Froude.

   3. To reject; to cast off. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

   4.  (Civil Law) To disclaim and expel from the family, as a father his
   child;  to  disown;  to  disinherit. Syn. -- To give up; quit; vacate;
   relinquish;   forsake;   abandon;  resign;  renounce;  desert.  --  To
   Abdicate,  Resign. Abdicate commonly expresses the act of a monarch in
   voluntary  and  formally  yielding  up  sovereign  authority;  as,  to
   abdicate  the  government. Resign is applied to the act of any person,
   high  or  low, who gives back an office or trust into the hands of him
   who  conferred  it.  Thus,  a  minister  resigns,  a  military officer
   resigns,  a  clerk  resigns.  The  expression,  "The king resigned his
   crown,"  sometimes  occurs  in  our later literature, implying that he
   held it from his people. -- There are other senses of resign which are
   not here brought into view.

                                   Abdicate

   Ab"di*cate (#), v.i. To relinquish or renounce a throne, or other high
   office or dignity.

     Though  a  king may abdicate for his own person, he cannot abdicate
     for the monarchy. Burke.

                                  Abdication

   Ab`di*ca"tion  (#),  n.  [L. abdicatio: cf. F. abdication.] The act of
   abdicating;  the  renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by
   its  holder;  commonly  the voluntary renunciation of sovereign power;
   as, abdication of the throne, government, power, authority.

                                  Abdicative

   Ab"di*ca*tive   (#),   a.  [L.  abdicativus.]  Causing,  or  implying,
   abdication. [R.] Bailey.

                                   Abdicator

   Ab"di*ca`tor (#), n. One who abdicates.

                                   Abditive

   Ab"di*tive  (#),  a.  [L.  abditivus,  fr. abdere to hide.] Having the
   quality of hiding. [R.] Bailey.

                                   Abditory

   Ab"di*to*ry  (#), n. [L. abditorium.] A place for hiding or preserving
   articles of value. Cowell.

                                    Abdomen

   Ab*do"men  (#),  n.  [L. abdomen (a word of uncertain etymol.): cf. F.
   abdomen.]

   1.  (Anat.) The belly, or that part of the body between the thorax and
   the  pelvis.  Also,  the  cavity  of  the belly, which is lined by the
   peritoneum,  and  contains  the stomach, bowels, and other viscera. In
   man,  often  restricted  to  the  part  between  the diaphragm and the
   commencement  of  the  pelvis,  the  remainder being called the pelvic
   cavity.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) The posterior section of the body, behind the thorax, in
   insects, crustaceans, and other Arthropoda.

                                   Abdominal

   Ab*dom"i*nal (#), a. [Cf. F. abdominal.]

   1.  Of  or  pertaining  to  the  abdomen;  ventral;  as, the abdominal
   regions, muscles, cavity.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) Having abdominal fins; belonging to the Abdominales; as,
   abdominal fishes.
   Abdominal ring (Anat.), a fancied ringlike opening on each side of the
   abdomen,  external  and superior to the pubes; -- called also inguinal
   ring.
   
                                   Abdominal
                                       
   Ab*dom"i*nal, n.; E. pl. Abdominals, L. pl. Abdominales. A fish of the
   group Abdominales. 

                                  Abdominales

   Ab*dom`i*na"les  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  masc.  pl.]  (Zo\'94l.) A group
   including  the  greater  part  of  fresh-water fishes, and many marine
   ones, having the ventral fins under the abdomen behind the pectorals.

                                  Abdominalia

   Ab*dom`i*na"li*a  (#),  n.  pl. [NL., neut. pl.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   cirripeds having abdominal appendages.

                                 Abdominoscopy

   Ab*dom`i*nos"co*py (#), n. [L. abdomen + Gr. (Med.) Examination of the
   abdomen to detect abdominal disease.

                               Abdominothoracic

   Ab*dom`i*no*tho*rac"ic (#), a. Relating to the abdomen and the thorax,
   or chest.

                                  Abdominous

   Ab*dom"i*nous (#), a. Having a protuberant belly; pot-bellied.

     Gorgonius sits, abdominous and wan, Like a fat squab upon a Chinese
     fan. Cowper.

                                    Abduce

   Ab*duce"  (#), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abduced (#); p.pr. & vb.n. Abducing.]
   [L.  abducere  to  lead  away;  ab + ducere to lead. See Duke, and cf.
   Abduct.]  To draw or conduct away; to withdraw; to draw to a different
   part. [Obs.]

     If  we  abduce  the  eye  unto  either  corner, the object will not
     duplicate. Sir T. Browne.

                                    Abduct

   Ab*duct"   (#),  v.t.  [imp.  &  p.p.  Abducted  (#);  p.pr.  &  vb.n.
   Abducting.] [L. abductus, p.p. of abducere. See Abduce.]

   1.  To  take  away  surreptitiously  by  force; to carry away (a human
   being) wrongfully and usually by violence; to kidnap.

   2. To draw away, as a limb or other part, from its ordinary position.

                                   Abduction

   Ab*duc"tion (#), n. [L. abductio: cf. F. abduction.]

   1. The act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; a carrying away.
   Roget.

   2.  (Physiol.)  The movement which separates a limb or other part from
   the axis, or middle line, of the body.

   3.  (Law)  The  wrongful,  and usually the forcible, carrying off of a
   human  being;  as,  the  abduction  of  a  child,  the abduction of an
   heiress.

   4.  (Logic)  A  syllogism  or  form  of argument in which the major is
   evident, but the minor is only probable.

                                   Abductor

   Ab*duc"tor (#), n. [NL.]

   1. One who abducts.

   2.  (Anat.)  A  muscle  which  serves  to draw a part out, or form the
   median  line  of the body; as, the abductor oculi, which draws the eye
   outward.

                                     Abeam

   A*beam"  (#), adv. [Pref. a- + beam.] (Naut.) On the beam, that is, on
   a line which forms a right angle with the ship's keel; opposite to the
   center of the ship's side.

                                     Abear

   A*bear" (#), v.t. [AS. \'beberan; pref. \'be- + beran to bear.]

   1. To bear; to behave. [Obs.]

     So did the faery knight himself abear. Spenser.

   2. To put up with; to endure. [Prov.] Dickens.

                                   Abearance

   A*bear"ance (#), n. Behavior. [Obs.] Blackstone.

                                   Abearing

   A*bear"ing, n. Behavior. [Obs.] Sir. T. More.

                                  Abecedarian

   A`be*ce*da"ri*an  (#),  n. [L. abecedarius. A word from the first four
   letters of the alphabet.]

   1. One who is learning the alphabet; hence, a tyro.

   2. One engaged in teaching the alphabet. Wood.

                            Abecedarian, Abecedary

   A`be*ce*da"ri*an,  A`be*ce"da*ry  (#), a. Pertaining to, or formed by,
   the   letters   of   the  alphabet;  alphabetic;  hence,  rudimentary.
   Abecedarian psalms, hymns, etc., compositions in which (like the 119th
   psalm  in Hebrew) distinct portions or verses commence with successive
   letters of the alphabet. Hook.

                                   Abecedary

   A`be*ce"da*ry  (#),  n.  A  primer; the first principle or rudiment of
   anything. [R.] Fuller.

                                     Abed

   A*bed" (#), adv. [Pref. a- in, on + bed.]

   1. In bed, or on the bed.

     Not to be abed after midnight. Shak.

   2.  To childbed (in the phrase "brought abed," that is, delivered of a
   child). Shak.

                                    Abegge

   A*beg"ge (#). Same as Aby. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Abele

   A*bele" (#), n. [D. abeel (abeel-boom), OF. abel, aubel, fr. a dim. of
   L. albus white.] The white polar (Populus alba).

     Six abeles i' the churchyard grow. Mrs. Browning.

                          Abelian, Abelite, Abelonian

   A*bel"i*an (#), A"bel*ite (#), A`bel*o"ni*an (#), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One
   of  a  sect  in  Africa (4th century), mentioned by St. Augustine, who
   states  that  they married, but lived in continence, after the manner,
   as they pretended, of Abel.

                                   Abelmosk

   A"bel*mosk`  (#),  n.  [NL.  abelmoschus, fr. Ar. abu-l-misk father of
   musk,  i.e.,  producing  musk.  See  Musk.]  (Bot.) An evergreen shrub
   (Hibiscus  --  formerly  Abelmoschus-moschatus),  of the East and West
   Indies  and  Northern  Africa, whose musky seeds are used in perfumery
   and to flavor coffee; -- sometimes called musk mallow.

                                 Ab er-de-vine

   Ab`  er-de-vine"  (#),  n.  (Zo\'94l.)  The European siskin (Carduelis
   spinus), a small green and yellow finch, related to the goldfinch.

                                     Aberr

   Ab*err"  (#),  v.i.  [L. aberrare. See Aberrate.] To wander; to stray.
   [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                             Aberrance, Aberrancy

   Ab*er"rance  (#),  Ab*er"ran*cy  (#),  n.  State  of being aberrant; a
   wandering  from  the  right way; deviation from truth, rectitude, etc.
   Aberrancy  of  curvature  (Geom.),  the  deviation  of  a curve from a
   circular form.

                                   Aberrant

   Ab*er"rant  (#),  a.  [L.  aberrans,  -rantis, p.pr. of aberrare.] See
   Aberr.]

   1. Wandering; straying from the right way.

   2.  (Biol.)  Deviating from the ordinary or natural type; exceptional;
   abnormal.

     The  more  aberrant  any  form  is,  the greater must have been the
     number   of  connecting  forms  which,  on  my  theory,  have  been
     exterminated. Darwin.

                                   Aberrate

   Ab"er*rate  (#), v.i. [L. aberratus, p.pr. of aberrare; ab + errare to
   wander. See Err.] To go astray; to diverge. [R.]

     Their own defective and aberrating vision. De Quincey.

                                  Aberration

   Ab`er*ra"tion (#), n. [L. aberratio: cf. F. aberration. See Aberrate.]

   1.  The  act  of  wandering; deviation, especially from truth or moral
   rectitude,  from the natural state, or from a type. "The aberration of
   youth." Hall. "Aberrations from theory." Burke.

   2.   A  partial  alienation  of  reason.  "Occasional  aberrations  of
   intellect." Lingard.

     Whims,  which  at first are the aberrations of a single brain, pass
     with heat into epidemic form. I. Taylor.

   3.  (Astron.)  A  small periodical change of position in the stars and
   other  heavenly  bodies,  due  to the combined effect of the motion of
   light  and  the motion of the observer; called annual aberration, when
   the  observer's motion is that of the earth in its orbit, and dairy or
   diurnal  aberration,  when  of  the  earth on its axis; amounting when
   greatest,  in the former case, to 20.4'', and in the latter, to 0.3''.
   Planetary aberration is that due to the motion of light and the motion
   of the planet relative to the earth.

   4.  (Opt.)  The convergence to different foci, by a lens or mirror, of
   rays  of light emanating from one and the same point, or the deviation
   of  such  rays  from a single focus; called spherical aberration, when
   due  to  the  spherical  form  of the lens or mirror, such form giving
   different   foci   for   central  and  marginal  rays;  and  chromatic
   aberration, when due to different refrangibilities of the colored rays
   of the spectrum, those of each color having a distinct focus.

   5.  (Physiol.)  The  passage  of  blood  or other fluid into parts not
   appropriate for it.

   6.  (Law)  The producing of an unintended effect by the glancing of an
   instrument,  as when a shot intended for A glances and strikes B. Syn.
   --   Insanity;   lunacy;   madness;  derangement;  alienation;  mania;
   dementia; hallucination; illusion; delusion. See Insanity.

                                 Aberrational

   Ab`er*ra"tion*al (#), a. Characterized by aberration.

                                  Aberuncate

   Ab`e*run"cate   (#),   v.t.   [L.  aberuncare,  for  aberruncare.  See
   Averruncate.] To weed out. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                  Aberuncator

   Ab`e*run"ca*tor (#), n. A weeding machine.

                                     Abet

   A*bet"  (#),  v.t.  [imp. & p.p. Abetted (#); p.pr. & vb.n. Abetting.]
   [OF. abeter; a (L. ad) + beter to bait (as a bear), fr. Icel. beita to
   set  dogs on, to feed, originally, to cause to bite, fr. Icel. b\'c6ta
   to bite, hence to bait, to incite. See Bait, Bet.]

   1.  To  instigate or encourage by aid or countenance; -- used in a bad
   sense of persons and acts; as, to abet an ill-doer; to abet one in his
   wicked  courses;  to  abet  vice;  to abet an insurrection. "The whole
   tribe abets the villany." South.

     Would  not  the  fool abet the stealth, Who rashly thus exposed his
     wealth? Gay.

   2.  To  support,  uphold,  or  aid;  to  maintain; -- in a good sense.
   [Obs.].

     Our duty is urged, and our confidence abetted. Jer. Taylor.

   3.   (Law)To  contribute,  as  an  assistant  or  instigator,  to  the
   commission  of  an  offense. Syn. -- To incite; instigate; set on; egg
   on;  foment;  advocate;  countenance;  encourage; second; uphold; aid;
   assist; support; sustain; back; connive at.

                                     Abet

   A*bet"  (#),  n.  [OF. abet, fr. abeter.] Act of abetting; aid. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                   Abetment

   A*bet"ment  (#),  n.  The act of abetting; as, an abetment of treason,
   crime, etc.

                                    Abettal

   A*bet"tal (#), n. Abetment. [R.]
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   Page 4

                               Abetter, Abettor

   A*bet"ter,  A*bet*tor  (#),  n.  One  who  abets;  an instigator of an
   offense or an offender.

     NOTE: &hand; The form abettor is the legal term and also in general
     use.

   Syn.  --  Abettor, Accessory, Accomplice. These words denote different
   degrees  of  complicity  in  some deed or crime. An abettor is one who
   incites  or encourages to the act, without sharing in its performance.
   An  accessory  supposes  a  principal offender. One who is neither the
   chief actor in an offense, nor present at its performance, but accedes
   to  or  becomes  involved  in  its  guilt,  either by some previous or
   subsequent act, as of instigating, encouraging, aiding, or concealing,
   etc.,  is  an  accessory. An accomplice is one who participates in the
   commission  of  an offense, whether as principal or accessory. Thus in
   treason,  there are no abettors or accessories, but all are held to be
   principals or accomplices.

                                 Abevacuation

   Ab`e*vac"u*a"tion  (#),  n. [Pref. ab- + evacuation.] (Med.) A partial
   evacuation. Mayne.

                                   Abeyance

   A*bey"ance  (#),  n.  [OF.  abeance  expectation, longing; a (L. ad) +
   baer, beer, to gape, to look with open mouth, to expect, F. bayer, LL.
   badare to gape.]

   1. (Law) Expectancy; condition of being undetermined.

     NOTE: &hand; Wh en th ere is  no  pe rson in  ex istence in whom an
     inheritance  (or a dignity) can vest, it is said to be in abeyance,
     that   is,  in  expectation;  the  law  considering  it  as  always
     potentially  existing,  and  ready  to vest whenever a proper owner
     appears.

   Blackstone.

   2. Suspension; temporary suppression.

     Keeping  the  sympathies of love and admiration in a dormant state,
     or state of abeyance. De Quincey.

                                   Abeyancy

   A*bey"an*cy (#), n. Abeyance. [R.] Hawthorne.

                                    Abeyant

   A*bey"ant (#), a. Being in a state of abeyance.

                                     Abhal

   Ab"hal (#), n. The berries of a species of cypress in the East Indies.

                                  Abhominable

   Ab*hom"i*na*ble (#), a. Abominable.

     NOTE: [A fa lse or thography an ciently us ed; h  wa s foisted into
     various words; hence abholish, for abolish, etc.]

     This  is  abhominable, which he [Don Armado] would call abominable.
     Shak. Love's Labor's Lost, v. 1.

                                   Abhominal

   Ab*hom`i*nal  (#), a. [L. ab away from + homo, hominis, man.] Inhuman.
   [Obs.] Fuller.

                                     Abhor

   Ab*hor"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Abhorred (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abhorring.]  [L.  abhorrere; ab + horrere to bristle, shiver, shudder:
   cf. F. abhorrer. See Horrid.]

   1.  To  shrink  back  with  shuddering  from; to regard with horror or
   detestation;  to  feel  excessive  repugnance  toward;  to  detest  to
   extremity; to loathe.

     Abhor  that  which is evil; cleave to that which is good. Rom. xii.
     9.

   2. To fill with horror or disgust. [Obs.]

     It doth abhor me now I speak the word. Shak.

   3. (Canon Law) To protest against; to reject solemnly. [Obs.]

     I utterly abhor, yea, from my soul Refuse you for my judge. Shak.

   Syn. -- To hate; detest; loathe; abominate. See Hate.

                                     Abhor

   Ab*hor",  v. i. To shrink back with horror, disgust, or dislike; to be
   contrary  or averse; -- with from. [Obs.] "To abhor from those vices."
   Udall.

     Which is utterly abhorring from the end of all law. Milton.

                                  Abhorrence

   Ab*hor"rence  (#),  n.  Extreme  hatred or detestation; the feeling of
   utter dislike.

                                  Abhorrency

   Ab*hor"ren*cy (#), n. Abhorrence. [Obs.] Locke.

                                   Abhorrent

   Ab*hor"rent (#), a. [L. abhorens, -rentis, p. pr. of abhorrere.]

   1.  Abhorring;  detesting;  having  or  showing  abhorrence; loathing;
   hence, strongly opposed to; as, abhorrent thoughts.

     The persons most abhorrent from blood and treason. Burke.

     The arts of pleasure in despotic courts I spurn abhorrent. Clover.

   2. Contrary or repugnant; discordant; inconsistent; -- followed by to.
   "Injudicious  profanation,  so  abhorrent to our stricter principles."
   Gibbon.

   3. Detestable. "Pride, abhorrent as it is." I. Taylor.

                                  Abhorrently

   Ab*hor"rent*ly, adv. With abhorrence.

                                   Abhorrer

   Ab*hor"rer (#), n. One who abhors. Hume.

                                  Abhorrible

   Ab*hor"ri*ble (#), a. Detestable. [R.]

                                   Abhorring

   Ab*hor"ring (#), n.

   1. Detestation. Milton.

   2. Object of abhorrence. Isa. lxvi. 24.

                                     Abib

   A"bib  (#),  n.  [Heb.  ab\'c6b, lit. an ear of corn. The month was so
   called  from barley being at that time in ear.] The first month of the
   Jewish  ecclesiastical  year, corresponding nearly to our April. After
   the Babylonish captivity this month was called Nisan. Kitto.

                                   Abidance

   A*bid"ance   (#),   n.  The  state  of  abiding;  abode;  continuance;
   compliance (with).

     The  Christians  had  no  longer  abidance  in  the  holy  hill  of
     Palestine. Fuller.

     A judicious abidance by rules. Helps.

                                     Abide

   A*bide" (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Abode (#), formerly Abid(#); p. pr. &
   vb. n. Abiding (#).] [AS. \'beb\'c6dan; pref. \'be- (cf. Goth. us-, G.
   er-, orig. meaning out) + b\'c6dan to bide. See Bide.]

   1. To wait; to pause; to delay. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2.  To stay; to continue in a place; to have one's abode; to dwell; to
   sojourn;  --  with  with  before  a person, and commonly with at or in
   before a place.

     Let the damsel abide with us a few days. Gen. xxiv. 55.

   3.  To remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to continue;
   to remain.

     Let every man abide in the same calling. 1 Cor. vii. 20.

   Followed by by: To abide by. (a) To stand to; to adhere; to maintain.

     The  poor  fellow  was obstinate enough to abide by what he said at
     first. Fielding.

   (b)  To  acquiesce;  to  conform  to; as, to abide by a decision or an
   award.

                                     Abide

   A*bide", v. t.

   1.  To  wait  for;  to  be prepared for; to await; to watch for; as, I
   abide my time. "I will abide the coming of my lord." Tennyson.

     NOTE: [[Obs.], with a personal object.

     Bonds and afflictions abide me. Acts xx. 23.

   2. To endure; to sustain; to submit to.

     [Thou] shalt abide her judgment on it. Tennyson.

   3. To bear patiently; to tolerate; to put up with.

     She could not abide Master Shallow. Shak.

   4.

     NOTE: [Confused with aby to pay for. See Aby.]

   To stand the consequences of; to answer for; to suffer for.

     Dearly I abide that boast so vain. Milton.

                                    Abider

   A*bid"er (#), n.

   1.  One  who  abides,  or  continues.  [Obs.] "Speedy goers and strong
   abiders." Sidney.

   2. One who dwells; a resident. Speed.

                                    Abiding

   A*bid"ing, a. Continuing; lasting.

                                   Abidingly

   A*bid"ing*ly, adv. Permanently. Carlyle.

                                     Abies

   A"bi*es  (#),  n.  [L., fir tree.] (Bot.) A genus of coniferous trees,
   properly called Fir, as the balsam fir and the silver fir. The spruces
   are sometimes also referred to this genus.

                                   Abietene

   Ab"i*e*tene  (#),  n.  [L. abies, abietis, a fir tree.] A volatile oil
   distilled  from  the resin or balsam of the nut pine (Pinus sabiniana)
   of California.

                                    Abietic

   Ab`i*et"ic  (#),  a. Of or pertaining to the fir tree or its products;
   as, abietic acid, called also sylvic acid. Watts.

                               Abietin, Abietine

   Ab"i*e*tin,  Ab"i*e*tine  (#),  n.  [See Abietene.] (Chem.) A resinous
   obtained  from  Strasburg  turpentine  or Canada balsam. It is without
   taste  or  smell,  is  insoluble  in  water,  but  soluble  in alcohol
   (especially  at  the  boiling  point),  in  strong acetic acid, and in
   ether. Watts.

                                   Abietinic

   Ab`i*e*tin"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to abietin; as, abietinic acid.

                                   Abietite

   Ab"i*e*tite  (#),  n. (Chem.) A substance resembling mannite, found in
   the needles of the common silver fir of Europe (Abies pectinata). Eng.
   Cyc.

                                    Abigail

   Ab"i*gail  (#),  n. [The proper name used as an appellative.] A lady's
   waiting-maid. Pepys.

     Her  abigail reported that Mrs. Gutheridge had a set of night curls
     for sleeping in. Leslie.

                                   Abiliment

   A*bil"i*ment (#), n. Habiliment. [Obs.]

                                    Ability

   A*bil"i*ty   (#),  n.;  pl.  Abilities(#).  [F.  habilet\'82,  earlier
   spelling  habilit\'82 (with silent h), L. habilitas aptitude, ability,
   fr.  habilis apt. See Able.] The quality or state of being able; power
   to  perform,  whether  physical, moral, intellectual, conventional, or
   legal;   capacity;  skill  or  competence  in  doing;  sufficiency  of
   strength, skill, resources, etc.; -- in the plural, faculty, talent.

     Then  the disciples, every man according to his ability, determined
     to send relief unto the brethren. Acts xi. 29.

     Natural  abilities  are  like  natural plants, that need pruning by
     study. Bacon.

     The public men of England, with much of a peculiar kind of ability.
     Macaulay.

   Syn. -- Capacity; talent; cleverness; faculty; capability; efficiency;
   aptitude; aptness; address; dexterity; skill. Ability, Capacity. These
   words  come  into  comparison  when applied to the higher intellectual
   powers. Ability has reference to the active exercise of our faculties.
   It  implies  not  only  native  vigor  of  mind,  but  that  ease  and
   promptitude  of  execution  which arise from mental training. Thus, we
   speak  of  the  ability  with  which  a  book  is written, an argument
   maintained,  a  negotiation carried on, etc. It always something to be
   done,  and  the  power  of  doing  it.  Capacity  has reference to the
   receptive  powers. In its higher exercises it supposes great quickness
   of  apprehension  and  breadth of intellect, with an uncommon aptitude
   for  acquiring  and  retaining knowledge. Hence it carries with it the
   idea  of  resources  and  undeveloped  power.  Thus  we  speak  of the
   extraordinary  capacity  of such men as Lord Bacon, Blaise Pascal, and
   Edmund Burke. "Capacity," says H. Taylor, "is requisite to devise, and
   ability  to  execute,  a great enterprise." The word abilities, in the
   plural,  embraces  both  these  qualities,  and  denotes  high  mental
   endowments.

                                Abime or Abyme

   A*bime" or A*byme" (#), n. [F. ab\'8cme. See Abysm.] A abyss. [Obs.]

                                  Abiogenesis

   Ab`i*o*gen"e*sis  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Biol.)  The supposed origination of
   living  organisms  from  lifeless  matter;  such  genesis  as does not
   involve  the  action  of  living  parents;  spontaneous generation; --
   called also abiogeny, and opposed to biogenesis.

     I  shall call the . . . doctrine that living matter may be produced
     by not living matter, the hypothesis of abiogenesis. Huxley, 1870.

                                  Abiogenetic

   Ab`i*o*ge*net"ic  (#),  a.  (Biol.)  Of  or pertaining to abiogenesis.
   Ab`i*o*ge*net"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                  Abiogenist

   Ab`i*og"e*nist  (#),  n.  (Biol.)  One  who  believes that life can be
   produced independently of antecedent. Huxley.

                                  Abiogenous

   Ab`i*og"e*nous (#), a. (Biol.) Produced by spontaneous generation.

                                   Abiogeny

   Ab`i*og"e*ny (#), n. (Biol.) Same as Abiogenesis.

                                  Abiological

   Ab`i*o*log"ic*al  (#), a. [Gr. biological.] Pertaining to the study of
   inanimate things.

                                  Abirritant

   Ab*ir"ri*tant (#), n. (Med.) A medicine that diminishes irritation.

                                  Abirritate

   Ab*ir"ri*tate  (#),  v.  t. [Pref. ab- + irritate.] (Med.) To diminish
   the sensibility of; to debilitate.

                                 Abirritation

   Ab*ir`ri*ta"tion  (#),  n. (Med.) A pathological condition opposite to
   that of irritation; debility; want of strength; asthenia.

                                 Abirritative

   Ab*ir"ri*ta*tive  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Characterized  by  abirritation or
   debility.

                                     Abit

   A*bit" (#), 3d sing. pres. of Abide. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Abject

   Ab"ject  (#),  a.  [L. abjectus, p. p. of abjicere to throw away; ab +
   jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.]

   1. Cast down; low-lying. [Obs.]

     From  the  safe  shore  their floating carcasses And broken chariot
     wheels;  so  thick bestrown Abject and lost lay these, covering the
     flood. Milton.

   2. Sunk to a law condition; down in spirit or hope; degraded; servile;
   groveling;  despicable;  as,  abject posture, fortune, thoughts. "Base
   and abject flatterers." Addison. "An abject liar." Macaulay.

     And banish hence these abject, lowly dreams. Shak.

   Syn.  --  Mean;  groveling; cringing; mean-spirited; slavish; ignoble;
   worthless; vile; beggarly; contemptible; degraded.

                                    Abject

   Ab*ject"  (#),  v. t. [From Abject, a.] To cast off or down; hence, to
   abase; to degrade; to lower; to debase. [Obs.] Donne.

                                    Abject

   Ab"ject  (#), n. A person in the lowest and most despicable condition;
   a castaway. [Obs.]

     Shall  these abjects, these victims, these outcasts, know any thing
     of pleasure? I. Taylor.

                                 Abjectedness

   Ab*ject"ed*ness  (#),  n.  A very abject or low condition; abjectness.
   [R.] Boyle.

                                   Abjection

   Ab*jec"tion (#), n. [F. abjection, L. abjectio.]

   1.  The  act  of bringing down or humbling. "The abjection of the king
   and his realm." Joe.

   2. The state of being rejected or cast out. [R.]

     An  adjection  from  the beatific regions where God, and his angels
     and saints, dwell forever. Jer. Taylor.

   3.   A   low   or  downcast  state;  meanness  of  spirit;  abasement;
   degradation.

     That  this  should  be  termed  baseness,  abjection  of  mind,  or
     servility, is it credible? Hooker.

                                   Abjectly

   Ab"ject*ly (#), adv. Meanly; servilely.

                                  Abjectness

   Ab"ject*ness,  n.  The  state  of  being  abject; abasement; meanness;
   servility. Grew.

                                    Abjudge

   Ab*judge"  (#),  v. t. [Pref. ab- + judge, v. Cf. Abjudicate.] To take
   away by judicial decision. [R.]

                                  Abjudicate

   Ab*ju"di*cate  (#),  v.  t. [L. abjudicatus, p. p. of abjudicare; ab +
   judicare. See Judge, and cf. Abjudge.] To reject by judicial sentence;
   also, to abjudge. [Obs.] Ash.

                                 Abjudication

   Ab*ju`di*ca"tion (#), n. Rejection by judicial sentence. [R.] Knowles.

                                   Abjugate

   Ab"ju*gate  (#),  v.  t. [L. abjugatus, p. p. of abjugare.] To unyoke.
   [Obs.] Bailey.

                                  Abjunctive

   Ab*junc"tive  (#),  a. [L. abjunctus, p. p. of abjungere; ab + jungere
   to join.] Exceptional. [R.]

     It  is this power which leads on from the accidental and abjunctive
     to the universal. I. Taylor.

                                  Abjuration

   Ab`ju*ra"tion (#), n. [L. abjuratio: cf. F. abjuration.]

   1.  The  act of abjuring or forswearing; a renunciation upon oath; as,
   abjuration  of  the  realm, a sworn banishment, an oath taken to leave
   the country and never to return.

   2. A solemn recantation or renunciation; as, an abjuration of heresy.
   Oath  of  abjuration, an oath asserting the right of the present royal
   family  to  the crown of England, and expressly abjuring allegiance to
   the descendants of the Pretender. Brande & C.

                                  Abjuratory

   Ab*ju"ra*to*ry (#), a. Containing abjuration.

                                    Abjure

   Ab*jure"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Abjured (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abjuring  (#).]  [L. abjurare to deny upon oath; ab + jurare to swear,
   fr. jus, juris, right, law; cf. F. abjurer. See Jury.]

   1.  To  renounce  upon  oath;  to  forswear; to disavow; as, to abjure
   allegiance to a prince. To abjure the realm, is to swear to abandon it
   forever.

   2.  To  renounce  or  reject  with  solemnity;  to  recant; to abandon
   forever;  to  reject;  repudiate;  as, to abjure errors. "Magic I here
   abjure." Shak. Syn. -- See Renounce.

                                    Abjure

   Ab*jure", v. i. To renounce on oath. Bp. Burnet.

                                  Abjurement

   Ab*jure"ment (#), n. Renunciation. [R.]

                                    Abjurer

   Ab*jur"er (#), n. One who abjures.

                                   Ablactate

   Ab*lac"tate  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  ablactatus,  p.  p. of ablactare; ab +
   lactare to suckle, fr. lac milk.] To wean. [R.] Bailey.

                                  Ablactation

   Ab`lac*ta"tion (#). n.

   1.  The  weaning  of  a child from the breast, or of young beasts from
   their dam. Blount.

   2.  (Hort.)  The process of grafting now called inarching, or grafting
   by approach.

                                  Ablaqueate

   Ab*la"que*ate (#), v. t. [L. ablaqueatus, p. p. of. ablaqueare; fr. ab
   +  laqueus  a  noose.]  To  lay  bare,  as the roots of a tree. [Obs.]
   Bailey.

                                 Ablaqueation

   Ab*la`que*a"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ablaqueatio.]  The  act or process of
   laying  bare  the  roots of trees to expose them to the air and water.
   [Obs.] Evelyn.

                                  Ablastemic

   Ab`las*tem"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Non-germinal.

                                   Ablation

   Ab*la"tion  (#), n. [L. ablatio, fr. ablatus p. p. of auferre to carry
   away;  ab  +  latus,  p.  p.  of  ferre  carry:  cf.  F. ablation. See
   Tolerate.]

   1. A carrying or taking away; removal. Jer. Taylor.

   2. (Med.) Extirpation. Dunglison.

   3. (Geol.) Wearing away; superficial waste. Tyndall.

                                  Ablatitious

   Ab`la*ti"tious  (#),  a. Diminishing; as, an ablatitious force. Sir J.
   Herschel.

                                   Ablative

   Ab"la*tive  (#),  a.  [F. ablatif, ablative, L. ablativus fr. ablatus.
   See Ablation.]

   1. Taking away or removing. [Obs.]

     Where the heart is forestalled with misopinion, ablative directions
     are  found  needful  to  unteach error, ere we can learn truth. Bp.
     Hall.

   2.  (Gram.)  Applied to one of the cases of the noun in Latin and some
   other languages, -- the fundamental meaning of the case being removal,
   separation, or taking away.

                                   Ablative

   Ab"la*tive,   (Gram.)   The   ablative   case.  ablative  absolute,  a
   construction  in  Latin,  in  which  a noun in the ablative case has a
   participle  (either expressed or implied), agreeing with it in gender,
   number,  and case, both words forming a clause by themselves and being
   unconnected,  grammatically,  with  the  rest  of  the  sentence;  as,
   Tarquinio  regnante,  Pythagoras  venit,  i.  e., Tarquinius reigning,
   Pythagoras came.
   
                                    Ablaut
                                       
   Ab"laut  (#), n. [Ger., off-sound; ab off + laut sound.] (Philol.) The
   substitution  of  one  root  vowel  for  another,  thus  indicating  a
   corresponding  modification  of use or meaning; vowel permutation; as,
   get, gat, got; sing, song; hang, hung. Earle. <-- p. 5 -->
   
                                    Ablaze
                                       
   A*blaze" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + blaze.]
   
   1. On fire; in a blaze, gleaming. Milman.
   
     All ablaze with crimson and gold. Longfellow.

   2. In a state of glowing excitement or ardent desire.

     The  young  Cambridge democrats were all ablaze to assist Torrijos.
     Carlyle.

                                     Able

   A"ble  (#),  a. [Comp. Abler (#); superl. Ablest (#).] [OF. habile, L.
   habilis  that may be easily held or managed, apt, skillful, fr. habere
   to have, hold. Cf. Habile and see Habit.]

   1. Fit; adapted; suitable. [Obs.]

     A many man, to ben an abbot able. Chaucer.

   2.   Having  sufficient  power,  strength,  force,  skill,  means,  or
   resources   of  any  kind  to  accomplish  the  object;  possessed  of
   qualifications rendering competent for some end; competent; qualified;
   capable;  as,  an able workman, soldier, seaman, a man able to work; a
   mind  able  to  reason;  a  person able to be generous; able to endure
   pain; able to play on a piano.

   3.  Specially:  Having  intellectual  qualifications, or strong mental
   powers;  showing ability or skill; talented; clever; powerful; as, the
   ablest man in the senate; an able speech.

     No man wrote abler state papers. Macaulay.

   4. (Law) Legally qualified; possessed of legal competence; as, able to
   inherit or devise property.

     NOTE:

   Able for, is Scotticism.

     "Hardly able for such a march." Robertson.

   Syn.  --  Competent; qualified; fitted; efficient; effective; capable;
   skillful; clever; vigorous; powerful.

                                     Able

   A"ble, v. t. [See Able, a.] [Obs.]

   1. To make able; to enable; to strengthen. Chaucer.

   2. To vouch for. "I 'll able them." Shak.

                                     able

   *a*ble (#). [F. -able, L. -abilis.] An adjective suffix now usually in
   a  passive  sense;  able  to  be;  fit  to  be; expressing capacity or
   worthiness  in  a  passive  sense;  as,  movable,  able  to  be moved;
   amendable, able to be amended; blamable, fit to be blamed; salable.

     NOTE: The form ible is used in the same sense.

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  di fficult to say when we are not to use -able
     instead of -ible. "Yet a rule may be laid down as to when we are to
     use  it.  To all verbs, then, from the Anglo-Saxon, to all based on
     the  uncorrupted  infinitival  stems  of  Latin  verbs of the first
     conjugation, and to all substantives, whencesoever sprung, we annex
     -able only."

   Fitzed. Hall.

                                  Able-bodied

   A`ble-bod"ied   (#),  a.  Having  a  sound,  strong  body;  physically
   competent;     robust.     "Able-bodied     vagrant."    Froude.    --
   A`ble-bod"ied*ness, n..

                                   Ablegate

   Ab"le*gate (#), v. t. [L. ablegatus, p. p. of ablegare; ab + legare to
   send with a commission. See Legate.] To send abroad. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                   Ablegate

   Ab"le*gate  (#),  n.  (R. C. Ch.) A representative of the pope charged
   with  important  commissions  in  foreign countries, one of his duties
   being to bring to a newly named cardinal his insignia of office.

                                  Ablegation

   Ab`le*ga"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ablegatio.]  The  act of sending abroad.
   [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

                                  Able-minded

   A`ble-mind"ed   (#),   a.   Having   much   intellectual   power.   --
   A`ble-mind"ed*ness, n.

                                   Ableness

   A"ble*ness (#), n. Ability of body or mind; force; vigor. [Obs. or R.]

                                    Ablepsy

   Ab"lep*sy (#), n. [Gr. Blindness. [R.] Urquhart.

                                     Abler

   A"bler (#), a., comp. of Able. -- A"blest (#), a., superl. of Able.

                                 Ablet, Ablen

   Ab"let  (#),  Ab"len  [F.  ablet,  ablette,  a dim. fr. LL. abula, for
   albula,   dim.   of  albus  white.  Cf.  Abele.]  (Zo\'94l.)  A  small
   fresh-water fish (Leuciscus alburnus); the bleak.

                                   Abligate

   Ab"li*gate  (#),  v.  t. [L. ab + ligatus, p. p. of ligare to tie.] To
   tie up so as to hinder from. [Obs.]

                                 Abligurition

   Ab*lig`u*ri"tion  (#),  n.  [L. abligurito, fr. abligurire to spend in
   luxurious  indulgence;  ab  +  ligurire  to  be lickerish, dainty, fr.
   lingere to lick.] Prodigal expense for food. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                    Ablins

   A"blins (#), adv. [See Able.] Perhaps. [Scot.]

                                    Abloom

   A*bloom" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + bloom.] In or into bloom; in a blooming
   state. Masson.

                                    Ablude

   Ab*lude"  (#), v. t. [L. abludere; ab + ludere to play.] To be unlike;
   to differ. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

                                    Abluent

   Ab"lu*ent  (#),  a. [L. abluens, p. pr. of. abluere to wash away; ab +
   luere   (lavere,  lavare).  See  Lave.]  Washing  away;  carrying  off
   impurities; detergent. -- n. (Med.) A detergent.

                                    Ablush

   A*blush" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + blush.] Blushing; ruddy.

                                   Ablution

   Ab*lu`tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ablutio,  fr. abluere: cf. F. ablution. See
   Abluent.]

   1.  The  act of washing or cleansing; specifically, the washing of the
   body, or some part of it, as a religious rite.

   2.  The  water  used  in  cleansing. "Cast the ablutions in the main."
   Pope.

   3.  (R.  C.  Ch.) A small quantity of wine and water, which is used to
   wash  the  priest's  thumb  and  index finger after the communion, and
   which   then,  as  perhaps  containing  portions  of  the  consecrated
   elements, is drunk by the priest.

                                  Ablutionary

   Ab*lu"tion*a*ry (#), a. Pertaining to ablution.

                                   Abluvion

   Ab*lu"vi*on  (#),  n. [LL. abluvio. See Abluent.] That which is washed
   off. [R.] Dwight.

                                     Ably

   A"bly  (#), adv. In an able manner; with great ability; as, ably done,
   planned, said.

                                     -ably

   -a*bly(#).  A  suffix  composed of -able and the adverbial suffix -ly;
   as, favorably.

                                   Abnegate

   Ab"ne*gate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Abnegated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abnegating.] [L. abnegatus,p. p. of abnegare; ab + negare to deny. See
   Deny.] To deny and reject; to abjure. Sir E. Sandys. Farrar.

                                  Abnegation

   Ab`ne*ga"tion  (#), n. [L. abnegatio: cf. F. abn\'82gation.] a denial;
   a renunciation.

     With  abnegation  of  God,  of his honor, and of religion, they may
     retain the friendship of the court. Knox.

                                  Abnegative

   Ab"ne*ga*tive (#), a. [L. abnegativus.] Denying; renouncing; negative.
   [R.] Clarke.

                                   Abnegator

   Ab"ne*ga`tor(#),  n.  [L.]  One  who  abnegates,  denies,  or  rejects
   anything. [R.]

                                     Abnet

   Ab"net (#), n. [Heb.] The girdle of a Jewish priest or officer.

                                   Abnodate

   Ab"no*date  (#),  v.  t.  [L. abnodatus, p. p. of abnodare; ab + nodus
   knot.] To clear (tress) from knots. [R.] Blount.

                                  Abnodation

   Ab`no*da"tion (#), n. The act of cutting away the knots of trees. [R.]
   Crabb.

                                   Abnormal

   Ab*nor"mal  (#), a. [For earlier anormal.F. anormal, LL. anormalus for
   anomalus,  Gr.  abnormis.  See  Anomalous,  Abnormous,  Anormal.]  Not
   conformed  to  rule  or  system;  deviating  from the type; anomalous;
   irregular.  "That  deviating  from  the  type; anomalous; irregular. "
   Froude.

                                  Abnormality

   Ab`nor*mal"i*ty (#), n.; pl. Abnormalities (#).

   1.  The  state  or quality of being abnormal; variation; irregularity.
   Darwin.

   2. Something abnormal.

                                  Abnormally

   Ab*nor"mal*ly (#), adv. In an abnormal manner; irregularly. Darwin.

                                   Abnormity

   Ab*nor"mi*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Abnormities  (#).  [LL.  abnormitas. See
   Abnormous.]   Departure   from   the   ordinary   type;  irregularity;
   monstrosity.  "An  abnormity  .  . . like a calf born with two heads."
   Mrs. Whitney.

                                   Abnormous

   Ab*nor"mous  (#),  a.  [L.  abnormis;  ab  +  norma rule. See Normal.]
   Abnormal; irregular. Hallam.

     A  character  of  a  more abnormous cast than his equally suspected
     coadjutor. State Trials.

                                    Aboard

     A*board"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a- on, in + board.] On board; into or
     within a ship or boat; hence, into or within a railway car.

     2. Alongside; as, close aboard. Naut.:

   To  fall  aboard  of,  to strike a ship's side; to fall foul of. -- To
   haul the tacks aboard, to set the courses. -- To keep the land aboard,
   to  hug  the shore. -- To lay (a ship) aboard, to place one's own ship
   close alongside of (a ship) for fighting.

                                    Aboard

   A*board", prep.

   1. On board of; as, to go aboard a ship.

   2. Across; athwart. [Obs.]

     Nor  iron  bands  aboard  The  Pontic  Sea by their huge navy cast.
     Spenser.

                                   Abodance

   A*bod"ance (#), n. [See Bode.] An omen; a portending. [Obs.]

                                     Abode

   A*bode" (#), pret. of Abide.

                                     Abode

   A*bode",  n. [OE. abad, abood, fr. abiden to abide. See Abide. For the
   change of vowel, cf. abode, imp. of abide.]

   1. Act of waiting; delay. [Obs.] Shak.

     And with her fled away without abode. Spenser.

   2. Stay or continuance in a place; sojourn.

     He waxeth at your abode here. Fielding.

   3.   Place  of  continuance,  or  where  one  dwells;  abiding  place;
   residence; a dwelling; a habitation.

     Come, let me lead you to our poor abode. Wordsworth.

                                     Abode

   A*bode", n. [See Bode, v. t.] An omen. [Obs.]

     High-thundering  Juno's  husband  stirs my spirit with true abodes.
     Chapman.

                                     Abode

   A*bode", v. t. To bode; to foreshow. [Obs.] Shak.

                                     Abode

   A*bode", v. i. To be ominous. [Obs.] Dryden.

                                   Abodement

   A*bode"ment (#), n. A foreboding; an omen. [Obs.] "Abodements must not
   now affright us." Shak.

                                    Aboding

   A*bod"ing (#), n. A foreboding. [Obs.]

                                    Abolish

   A*bol"ish  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Abolished (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abolishing.] [F. abolir, L. abolere, aboletum; ab + olere to grow. Cf.
   Finish.]

   1.  To  do  away with wholly; to annul; to make void; -- said of laws,
   customs,  institutions,  governments, etc.; as, to abolish slavery, to
   abolish folly.

   2.  To  put an end to, or destroy, as a physical objects; to wipe out.
   [Archaic]

     And with thy blood abolish so reproachful blot. Spenser.

     His  quick  instinctive hand Caught at the hilt, as to abolish him.
     Tennyson.

   Syn.  -- To Abolish, Repeal, Abrogate, Revoke, Annul, Nullify, Cancel.
   These  words  have  in  common  the  idea  of  setting  aside  by some
   overruling  act. Abolish applies particularly to things of a permanent
   nature,  such  as  institutions, usages, customs, etc.; as, to abolish
   monopolies,  serfdom,  slavery.  Repeal describes the act by which the
   legislature  of  a  state  sets  aside  a  law which it had previously
   enacted. Abrogate was originally applied to the repeal of a law by the
   Roman  people; and hence, when the power of making laws was usurped by
   the  emperors,  the term was applied to their act of setting aside the
   laws.  Thus  it  came  to  express that act by which a sovereign or an
   executive   government   sets  aside  laws,  ordinances,  regulations,
   treaties,  conventions,  etc. Revoke denotes the act or recalling some
   previous  grant  which  conferred,  privilege,  etc.;  as, to revoke a
   decree,  to revoke a power of attorney, a promise, etc. Thus, also, we
   speak  of  the  revocation  of the Edict of Nantes. Annul is used in a
   more  general  sense,  denoting  simply  to  make void; as, to annul a
   contract,  to  annul  an  agreement. Nullify is an old word revived in
   this  country,  and  applied  to the setting of things aside either by
   force or by total disregard; as, to nullify an act of Congress. Cancel
   is  to  strike  out  or  annul,  by  a  deliberate  exercise of power,
   something which has operative force.

                                  Abolishable

   A*bol"ish*a*ble  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  abolissable.]  Capable  of  being
   abolished.

                                   Abolisher

   A*bol"ish*er (#), n. One who abolishes.

                                  Abolishment

   A*bol"ish*ment  (#),  n. [Cf. F. abolissement.] The act of abolishing;
   abolition; destruction. Hooker.

                                   Abolition

   Ab"o*li"tion  (#), n. [L. abolitio, fr. abolere: cf. F. abolition. See
   Abolish.]  The  act of abolishing, or the state of being abolished; an
   annulling; abrogation; utter destruction; as, the abolition of slavery
   or  the  slave  trade;  the  abolition  of  laws, decrees, ordinances,
   customs, taxes, debts, etc.

     NOTE: &hand; The application of this word to persons is now unusual
     or obsolete

                                 Abolitionism

   Ab`o*li"tion*ism  (#), n. The principles or measures of abolitionists.
   Wilberforce.

                                 Abolitionist

   Ab`o*li"tion*ist,  n.  A  person  who  favors  the  abolition  of  any
   institution, especially negro slavery.

                                 Abolitionize

   Ab`o*li`tion*ize   (#),   v.  t.  To  imbue  with  the  principles  of
   abolitionism. [R.] Bartlett.

                                     Aboma

   A*bo"ma (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large South American serpent (Boa aboma).

                              Abomasum, Abomasus

   Ab`o*ma"sum  (#),  Ab`o*ma"sus  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr. L. ab + omasum (a
   Celtic  word.]  (Anat.) The fourth or digestive stomach of a ruminant,
   which leads from the third stomach omasum. See Ruminantia.

                                  Abominable

   A*bom"i*na*ble (#), a. [F. abominable. L. abominalis. See Abominate.]

   1.  Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing of evil omen; odious
   in the utmost degree; very hateful; detestable; loathsome; execrable.

   2. Excessive; large; -- used as an intensive. [Obs.]

     NOTE: &hand; Ju liana Be rners .  .  .  informs us that in her time
     [15th  c.], "abomynable syght of monkes" was elegant English for "a
     large company of friars."

   G. P. Marsh.

                                Abominableness

   A*bom"i*na*ble*ness,  n.  The  quality  or  state of being abominable;
   odiousness. Bentley.

                                  Abominably

   A*bom"i*na*bly  (#),  adv.  In  an  abominable  manner; very odiously;
   detestably.

                                   Abominate

   A*bom"i*nate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Abominated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abominating.]  [L.  abominatus,  p.  p.  or  abominari to deprecate as
   ominous,  to  abhor,  to  curse; ab + omen a foreboding. See Omen.] To
   turn  from  as  ill-omened;  to hate in the highest degree, as if with
   religious  dread;  loathe;  as,  to  abominate all impiety. Syn. -- To
   hate; abhor; loathe; detest. See Hate.

                                  Abomination

   A*bom`i*na"tion  (#),  n. [OE. abominacioun, -cion, F. abominatio. See
   Abominate.]

   1. The feeling of extreme disgust and hatred; abhorrence; detestation;
   loathing; as, he holds tobacco in abomination.

   2.  That  which is abominable; anything hateful, wicked, or shamefully
   vile; an object or state that excites disgust and hatred; a hateful or
   shameful vice; pollution.

     Antony, most large in his abominations. Shak.

   3.  A cause of pollution or wickedness. Syn. -- Detestation; loathing;
   abhorrence;  disgust;  aversion;  loathsomeness;  odiousness.  Sir  W.
   Scott.

                                     Aboon

   A*boon" (#), prep. and adv. Above. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

     Aboon the pass of Bally-Brough. Sir W. Scott.

     The ceiling fair that rose aboon. J. R. Drake.

                                    Aboral

   Ab*o"ral  (#), a. [L. ab. + E. oral.] (Zo\'94l.) Situated opposite to,
   or away from, the mouth.

                                     Abord

   A*bord"  (#),  n.  [F.]  Manner  of approaching or accosting; address.
   Chesterfield.

                                     Abord

   A*bord" (#), v. t. [F. aborder, \'85 (L. ad) + bord rim, brim, or side
   of a vessel. See Border, Board.] To approach; to accost. [Obs.] Digby.

                                  Aboriginal

   Ab`o*rig"i*nal (#), a. [See Aborigines.]

   1.  First; original; indigenous; primitive; native; as, the aboriginal
   tribes of America. "Mantled o'er with aboriginal turf." Wordsworth.

   2. Of or pertaining to aborigines; as, a Hindoo of aboriginal blood.

                                  Aboriginal

   Ab`o*rig"i*nal, n.

   1. An original inhabitant of any land; one of the aborigines.

   2. An animal or a plant native to the region.

     It  may well be doubted whether this frog is an aboriginal of these
     islands. Darwin.

                                 Aboriginality

   Ab`o*rig`i*nal"i*ty  (#),  n.  The quality of being aboriginal. Westm.
   Rev.

                                 Aboriginally

   Ab`o*rig"i*nal*ly (#), adv. Primarily.

                                  Aboriginess

   Ab`o*rig"i*ness (#), n. pl. [L. Aborigines; ab + origo, especially the
   first  inhabitants  of  Latium,  those  who  originally  (ab  origine)
   inhabited Latium or Italy. See Origin.]

   1. The earliest known inhabitants of a country; native races.

   2. The original fauna and flora of a geographical area

                                  Aborsement

   A*borse"ment (#), n. Abortment; abortion. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

                                   Aborsive

   A*bor"sive (#), a. Abortive. [Obs.] Fuller.

                                     Abort

   A*bort"  (#),  v. i. [L. abortare, fr. abortus, p. p. of aboriri; ab +
   oriri to rise, to be born. See Orient.]

   1. To miscarry; to bring forth young prematurely.

   2.  (Biol.)  To  become checked in normal development, so as either to
   remain rudimentary or shrink away wholly; to become sterile.

                                     Abort

   A*bort", n. [L. abortus, fr. aboriri.]

   1. An untimely birth. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

   2. An aborted offspring. [Obs.] Holland.

                                    Aborted

   A*bort"ed, a.

   1. Brought forth prematurely.

   2.  (Biol.)  Rendered  abortive  or  sterile;  undeveloped; checked in
   normal  development  at  a  very  early  stage; as, spines are aborted
   branches.

     The  eyes of the cirripeds are more or less aborted in their mature
     state. Owen.

                                  Aborticide

   A*bor"ti*cide  (#),  n.  [L.  abortus  +  caedere to kill. See Abort.]
   (Med.) The act of destroying a fetus in the womb; feticide.

                                 Abortifacient

   A*bor`ti*fa"cient  (#),  a.  [L. abortus (see Abort, v.) + faciens, p.
   pr.  of  facere  to  make.]  Producing miscarriage. -- n. A drug or an
   agent that causes premature delivery.

                                   Abortion

   A*bor"tion (#), n. [L. abortio, fr. aboriri. See Abort.]

   1.  The  act of giving premature birth; particularly, the expulsion of
   the  human  fetus  prematurely,  or before it is capable of sustaining
   life; miscarriage.

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  so metimes used for the offense of procuring a
     premature   delivery,  but  strictly  the  early  delivery  is  the
     abortion,  "causing  or procuring abortion" is the full name of the
     offense.

   Abbott.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 6

   2. The immature product of an untimely birth.

   3.  (Biol.)  Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains an
   imperfect formation or is absorbed.

   4.  Any  fruit  or produce that does not come to maturity, or anything
   which  in  its  progress,  before it is matured or perfect; a complete
   failure; as, his attempt. proved an abortiori.

                                  Abortional

   A*bor"tion*al  (#),  a. Pertaining to abortion; miscarrying; abortive.
   Carlyle.

                                  Abortionist

   A*bor"tion*ist, n. One who procures abortion or miscarriage.

                                   Abortive

   A*bor"tive (#), a. [L. abortivus, fr. aboriri. See Abort, v.]

   1. Produced by abortion; born prematurely; as, an abortive child. [R.]

   2.  Made  from  the  skin of a still-born animal; as, abortive vellum.
   [Obs.]

   3.  Rendering  fruitless  or  ineffectual.  [Obs.]  "Plunged  in  that
   abortive gulf." Milton.

   4.  Coming  to  naught; failing in its effect; miscarrying; fruitless;
   unsuccessful;  as,  an  abortive  attempt.  "An  abortive enterprise."
   Prescott.

   5.  (Biol.) Imperfectly formed or developed; rudimentary; sterile; as,
   an abortive organ, stamen, ovule, etc.

   6.  (Med.)  (a)  Causing  abortion;  as, abortive medicines. Parr. (b)
   Cutting short; as, abortive treatment of typhoid fever.

                                   Abortive

   A*bor"tive, n.

   1.  That  which  is  born  or  brought forth prematurely; an abortion.
   [Obs.] Shak.

   2. A fruitless effort or issue. [Obs.]

   3.  A  medicine  to  which  is  attributed  the  property  of  causing
   abortion.<-- now usu. abortifacient. --> Dunglison.

                                  Abortively

   A*bor"tive*ly,  adv.  In  an  abortive or untimely manner; immaturely;
   fruitlessly.

                                 Abortiveness

   A*bor"tive*ness, n. The quality of being abortive.

                                   Abortment

   A*bort"ment (#), n. Abortion. [Obs.]

                                    Abought

   A*bought" (#), imp. & p. p. of Aby. [Obs.]

                                    Abound

   A*bound"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Abounded;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Abounding.]  [OE.  abounden,  F. abonder, fr. L. abundare to overflow,
   abound; ab + unda wave. Cf. Undulate.]

   1. To be in great plenty; to be very prevalent; to be plentiful.

     The  wild  boar  which  abounds  in  some parts of the continent of
     Europe. Chambers.

     Where sin abounded grace did much more abound. Rom. v. 20.

   2. To be copiously supplied; -- followed by in or with.
   To  abound  in, to posses in such abundance as to be characterized by.
   -- To abound with, to be filled with; to possess in great numbers.

     Men abounding in natural courage. Macaulay.

     A faithful man shall abound with blessings. Prov. xxviii. 20.

     It abounds with cabinets of curiosities. Addison.

                                     About

   A*bout"  (#),  prep.  [OE.  aboute,  abouten,  abuten;  AS. \'bebutan,
   onbutan;  on + butan, which is from be by + utan outward, from ut out.
   See But, Out.]

   1.  Around; all round; on every side of. "Look about you." Shak. "Bind
   them about thy neck." Prov. iii. 3.

   2.  In  the  immediate neighborhood of; in contiguity or proximity to;
   near, as to place; by or on (one's person). "Have you much money about
   you?" Bulwer.

   3.  Over  or  upon  different  parts  of;  through  or over in various
   directions; here and there in; to and fro in; throughout.

     Lampoons . . . were handed about the coffeehouses. Macaulay.

     Roving still about the world. Milton.

   4.  Near;  not  far  from;  --  determining  approximately time, size,
   quantity.  "To-morrow,  about  this  time."  Exod.  ix.  18. "About my
   stature." Shak.

     He went out about the third hour. Matt. xx. 3.

     NOTE: &hand; This use passes into the adverbial sense.

   5. In concern with; engaged in; intent on.

     I must be about my Father's business. Luke ii. 49.

   6.  Before  a  verbal noun or an infinitive: On the point or verge of;
   going; in act of.

     Paul was now aboutto open his mouth. Acts xviii. 14.

   7.  Concerning;  with  regard  to;  on account of; touching. "To treat
   about thy ransom." Milton.

     She must have her way about Sarah. Trollope.

                                     About

   A*bout", adv.

   1. On all sides; around.

     'Tis time to look about. Shak.

   2.  In  circuit;  circularly; by a circuitous way; around the outside;
   as, a mile about, and a third of a mile across.

   3. Here and there; around; in one place and another.

     Wandering about from house to house. 1 Tim. v. 13.

   4.  Nearly;  approximately;  with  close  correspondence,  in quality,
   manner,  degree,  etc.;  as,  about as cold; about as high; -- also of
   quantity,  number,  time. "There fell . . . about three thousand men."
   Exod. xxii. 28.

   5.  To  a reserved position; half round; in the opposite direction; on
   the opposite tack; as, to face about; to turn one's self about.
   To  bring  about,  to  cause  to take place; to accomplish. -- To come
   about, to occur; to take place. See under Come. -- To go about, To set
   about,  to undertake; to arrange; to prepare. "Shall we set about some
   revels? Shak. -- Round about, in every direction around.

                                 About-sledge

   A*bout"-sledge" (#), n. The largest hammer used by smiths. Weale.

                                     Above

   A*bove"  (#), prep. [OE. above, aboven, abuffe, AS. abufon; an (or on)
   on + be by + ufan upward; cf. Goth. uf under. \'fb199. See Over.]

   1. In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface;
   over; -- opposed to below or beneath.

     Fowl that may fly above the earth. Gen. i. 20.

   2.  Figuratively, higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing;
   beyond;   higher   in   measure  or  degree  than;  as,  things  above
   comprehension;  above mean actions; conduct above reproach. "Thy worth
   . . . is actions above my gifts." Marlowe.

     I  saw  in  the way a light from heaven above the brightness of the
     sun. Acts xxxvi. 13.

   3.  Surpassing  in number or quantity; more than; as, above a hundred.
   (Passing into the adverbial sense. See Above, adv., 4.)
   above all, before every other consideration; chiefly; in preference to
   other things. Over and above, prep. or adv., besides; in addition to.

                                     Above

   A*bove" (#), adv.

   1.  In  a  higher place; overhead; into or from heaven; as, the clouds
   above.

   2.  Earlier  in  order; higher in the same page; hence, in a foregoing
   page. "That was said above." Dryden.

   3. Higher in rank or power; as, he appealed to the court above.

   4. More than; as, above five hundred were present.

     NOTE: Above is  often used elliptically as an adjective by omitting
     the   word   mentioned,   quoted,   or  the  like;  as,  the  above
     observations,  the above reference, the above articles. -- Above is
     also  used  substantively.  "The waters that come down from above."
     Josh.  iii.  13. It is also used as the first part of a compound in
     the  sense of before, previously; as, above-cited, above-described,
     above-mentioned,     above-named,     abovesaid,    abovespecified,
     above-written, above-given.

                                  Aboveboard

   A*bove"board`  (#),  adv.  Above  the  board  or table. Hence: in open
   sight;   without   trick,   concealment,   or   deception.  "Fair  and
   aboveboard." Burke.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is ex pression is  sa id by  Jo hnson to  have been
     borrowed  from  gamesters,  who,  when they change their cards, put
     their hands under the table.

                                  Above-cited

   A*bove"-cit`ed  (#),  a. Cited before, in the preceding part of a book
   or writing.

                                   Abovedeck

   A*bove"deck`  (#),  a.  On  deck;  and hence, like aboveboard, without
   artifice. Smart.

                         Above-mentioned, Above-named

   A*bove"-men`tioned  (#),  A*bove"-named`(#),  a.  Mentioned  or  named
   before; aforesaid.

                                   Abovesaid

   A*bove"said` (#), a. Mentioned or recited before.

                                     Abox

   A*box" (#), adv. & a. (Naut.) Braced aback.

                                  Abracadabra

   Ab`ra*ca*dab"ra  (#),  n.  [L.  Of unknown origin.] A mystical word or
   collocation  of letters written as in the figure. Worn on an amulet it
   was supposed to ward off fever. At present the word is used chiefly in
   jest to denote something without meaning; jargon.

                                   Abradant

   Ab*ra"dant  (#),  n.  A  material  used  for grinding, as emery, sand,
   powdered glass, etc.

                                    Abrade

   Ab*rade"  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abraded; p. pr. & vb. n. Abrading.]
   [L. abradere, abrasum, to scrape off; ab + radere to scrape. See Rase,
   Raze.]  To  rub or wear off; to waste or wear away by friction; as, to
   abrade rocks. Lyell.

                                    Abrade

   A*brade" (#), v. t. Same as Abraid. [Obs.]

                                   Abrahamic

   A`bra*ham"ic  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to Abraham, the patriarch; as, the
   Abrachamic covenant.

                               Abrahamitic, ical

   A`bra*ham*it"ic, *ic*al(#), a. Relating to the patriarch Abraham.

                           Abraham-man or Abram-man

   A"bra*ham-man`(#)  or  A"bram-man`(#), n. [Possibly in allusion to the
   parable  of the beggar Lazarus in Luke xvi. Murray (New Eng. Dict. ).]
   One  of  a  set  of  vagabonds  who  formerly  roamed through England,
   feigning  lunacy  for  the  sake  of  obtaining  alms.  Nares. To sham
   Abraham, to feign sickness. Goldsmith.

                                    Abraid

   A*braid"  (#), v. t. & i. [OE. abraiden, to awake, draw (a sword), AS.
   \'bebredgan  to  shake,  draw;  pref.  \'be- (cf. Goth. us-, Ger. er-,
   orig. meaning out) + bregdan to shake, throw. See Braid.] To awake; to
   arouse; to stir or start up; also, to shout out. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Abranchial

   A*bran"chi*al (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Abranchiate.

                                  Abranchiata

   A*bran`chi*a"ta  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  from  Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   annelids,  so  called because the species composing it have no special
   organs of respiration.

                                  Abranchiate

   A*bran"chi*ate (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Without gills.

                                    Abrase

   Ab*rase"  (#),  a. [L. abrasus, p. p. of abradere. See Abrade.] Rubbed
   smooth. [Obs.] "An abrase table." B. Jonson.

                                   Abrasion

   Ab*ra"sion (#), n. [L. abrasio, fr. abradere. See Abrade.]

   1.  The  act of abrading, wearing, or rubbing off; the wearing away by
   friction; as, the abrasion of coins.

   2. The substance rubbed off. Berkeley.

   3.  (Med.) A superficial excoriation, with loss of substance under the
   form of small shreds. Dunglison.

                                   Abrasive

   Ab*ra"sive (#), a. Producing abrasion. Ure.

                            Abraum or Abraum salts

   A*braum"  or A*braum" salts (#), n. [Ger., fr. abr\'84umen to remove.]
   A  red  ocher  used  to  darken  mahogany  and  for making chloride of
   potassium.

                                    Abraxas

   A*brax"as  (#),  n. [A name adopted by the Egyptian Gnostic Basilides,
   containing   the   Greek   letters  \'3ca\'3e,  \'3cb\'3e,  \'3cr\'3e,
   \'3ca\'3e,   \'3cx\'3e,  \'3ca\'3e,  \'3cs\'3e,  which,  as  numerals,
   amounted  to 365. It was used to signify the supreme deity as ruler of
   the  365  heavens  of his system.] A mystical word used as a charm and
   engraved on gems among the ancients; also, a gem stone thus engraved.

                                     Abray

   A*bray"  (#), v. [A false form from the preterit abraid, abrayde.] See
   Abraid. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Abreast

   A*breast" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + breast.]

   1.  Side  by  side,  with breasts in a line; as, "Two men could hardly
   walk abreast." Macaulay.

   2.  (Naut.) Side by side; also, opposite; over against; on a line with
   the vessel's beam; -- with of.

   3.  Up  to  a  certain  level  or  line; equally advanced; as, to keep
   abreast of [or with] the present state of science.

   4. At the same time; simultaneously. [Obs.]

     Abreast therewith began a convocation. Fuller.

                                    Abregge

   A*breg"ge (#), v. t. See Abridge. [Obs.]

                                  Abrenounce

   Ab`re*nounce"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  abrenuntiare;  ab  + renuntiare. See
   Renounce.]  To  renounce.  [Obs.] "They abrenounce and cast them off."
   Latimer.

                                Abrenunciation

   Ab`re*nun`ci*a"tion  (#),  n.  [LL.  abrenuntiatio.  See  Abrenounce.]
   Absolute renunciation or repudiation. [Obs.]

     An abrenunciation of that truth which he so long had professed, and
     still believed. Fuller.

                                   Abreption

   Ab*rep"tion (#), n. [L. abreptus, p. p. of abripere to snatch away; ab
   + rapere to snatch.] A snatching away. [Obs.]

                                   Abreuvoir

   A`breu`voir"  (#),  n.  [F., a watering place.] (Masonry) The joint or
   interstice between stones, to be filled with mortar. Gwilt.

                                   Abricock

   A"bri*cock (#), n. See Apricot. [Obs.]

                                    Abridge

   A*bridge"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Abridged (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abridging.]   [OE.  abregen,  OF.  abregier,  F.  abr\'82ger,  fr.  L.
   abbreviare; ad + brevis short. See Brief and cf. Abbreviate.]

   1. To make shorter; to shorten in duration; to lessen; to diminish; to
   curtail;  as,  to  abridge  labor;  to  abridge  power or rights. "The
   bridegroom . . . abridged his visit." Smollett.

     She  retired  herself to Sebaste, and abridged her train from state
     to necessity. Fuller.

   2.  To  shorten  or  contract  by using fewer words, yet retaining the
   sense;  to  epitomize;  to  condense;  as,  to  abridge  a  history or
   dictionary.

   3.  To  deprive;  to cut off; -- followed by of, and formerly by from;
   as, to abridge one of his rights.

                                   Abridger

   A*bridg"er (#), n. One who abridges.

                                  Abridgment

   A*bridg"ment (#), n. [OE. abregement. See Abridge.]

   1.  The  act  abridging,  or  the state of being abridged; diminution;
   lessening; reduction or deprivation; as, an abridgment of pleasures or
   of expenses.

   2.  An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened or abridged form;
   an abbreviation.

     Ancient coins as abridgments of history. Addison.

   3.  That  which  abridges  or cuts short; hence, an entertainment that
   makes the time pass quickly. [Obs.]

     What  abridgment  have you for this evening? What mask? What music?
     Shak.

   Syn.  --  Abridgment,  Compendium,  Epitome,  Abstract,  Synopsis.  An
   abridgment is made by omitting the less important parts of some larger
   work;  as,  an  abridgment  of  a  dictionary. A compendium is a brief
   exhibition  of a subject, or science, for common use; as, a compendium
   of  American  literature.  An epitome corresponds to a compendium, and
   gives briefly the most material points of a subject; as, an epitome of
   history.  An  abstract  is  a  brief  statement of a thing in its main
   points.  A synopsis is a bird's-eye view of a subject, or work, in its
   several parts.

                                    Abroach

   A*broach" (#), v. t. [OE. abrochen, OF. abrochier. See Broach.] To set
   abroach; to let out, as liquor; to broach; to tap. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Abroach

   A*broach", adv. [Pref. a- + broach.]

   1.  Broached;  in a condition for letting out or yielding liquor, as a
   cask which is tapped.

     Hogsheads of ale were set abroach. Sir W. Scott.

   2.  Hence:  In  a  state  to  be diffused or propagated; afoot; astir.
   "Mischiefs that I set abroach." Shak.

                                    Abroad

   A*broad" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + broad.]

   1.  At  large;  widely; broadly; over a wide space; as, a tree spreads
   its branches abroad.

     The fox roams far abroad. Prior.

   2.  Without  a  certain  confine;  outside  the house; away from one's
   abode; as, to walk abroad.

     I  went  to  St.  James',  where another was preaching in the court
     abroad. Evelyn.

   3.  Beyond  the bounds of a country; in foreign countries; as, we have
   broils  at  home  and enemies abroad. "Another prince . . . was living
   abroad." Macaulay.

   4.  Before  the public at large; throughout society or the world; here
   and there; widely.

     He  went out, and began to publish it much, and to blaze abroad the
     matter. Mark i. 45.

   To  be abroad. (a) To be wide of the mark; to be at fault; as, you are
   all abroad in your guess. (b) To be at a loss or nonplused.
   
                                   Abrogable
                                       
   Ab"ro*ga*ble (#), a. Capable of being abrogated. 

                                   Abrogate

   Ab"ro*gate  (#), a. [L. abrogatus, p. p.] Abrogated; abolished. [Obs.]
   Latimer.

                                   Abrogate

   Ab"ro*gate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Abrogated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abrogating.]  [L.  abrogatus,  p.  p. of abrogare; ab + rogare to ask,
   require, propose. See Rogation.]

   1.  To  annul  by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of
   the  maker  or  his  successor; to repeal; -- applied to the repeal of
   laws, decrees, ordinances, the abolition of customs, etc.

     Let  us  see  whether  the  New  Testament  abrogates  what  we  so
     frequently see in the Old. South.

     Whose laws, like those of the Medes and Persian, they can not alter
     or abrogate. Burke.

   2. To put an end to; to do away with. Shak. Syn. -- To abolish; annul;
   do away; set aside; revoke; repeal; cancel; annihilate. See Abolish.

                                  Abrogation

   Ab`ro*ga"tion (#), n. [L. abrogatio, fr. abrogare: cf. F. abrogation.]
   The act of abrogating; repeal by authority. Hume.

                                  Abrogative

   Ab"ro*ga*tive  (#),  a.  Tending  or  designed  to  abrogate;  as,  an
   abrogative law.

                                   Abrogator

   Ab"ro*ga`tor (#), n. One who repeals by authority.

                                    Abrood

   A*brood"  (#), adv. [Pref. a- + brood.] In the act of brooding. [Obs.]
   Abp. Sancroft.

                                    Abrook

   A*brook" (#), v. t. [Pref. a- + brook, v.] To brook; to endure. [Obs.]
   Shak.

                                    Abrupt

   Ab*rupt"  (#),  a. [L. abruptus, p. p. of abrumpere to break off; ab +
   rumpere to break. See Rupture.]

   1.  Broken  off;  very  steep, or craggy, as rocks, precipices, banks;
   precipitous;   steep;  as,  abrupt  places.  "Tumbling  through  ricks
   abrupt," Thomson.

   2.  Without  notice  to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty;
   unceremonious. "The cause of your abrupt departure." Shak.

   3. Having sudden transitions from one subject to another; unconnected.

     The abrupt style, which hath many breaches. B. Jonson.
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   4.  (Bot.)  Suddenly terminating, as if cut off. Gray. Syn. -- Sudden;
   unexpected;   hasty;   rough;   curt;  unceremonious;  rugged;  blunt;
   disconnected; broken.

                                    Abrupt

   Ab*rupt" (#), n. [L. abruptum.] An abrupt place. [Poetic]

     "Over the vast abrupt." Milton.

                                    Abrupt

   Ab*rupt",  v.  t.  To  tear off or asunder. [Obs.] "Till death abrupts
   them." Sir T. Browne.

                                   Abruption

   Ab*rup"tion  (#), n. [L. abruptio, fr. abrumpere: cf. F. abruption.] A
   sudden breaking off; a violent separation of bodies. Woodward.

                                   Abruptly

   Ab*rupt"ly, adv.

   1.  In  an  abrupt manner; without giving notice, or without the usual
   forms; suddenly.

   2. Precipitously.
   Abruptly  pinnate  (Bot.),  pinnate  without  an odd leaflet, or other
   appendage, at the end. Gray.

                                  Abruptness

   Ab*rupt"ness, n.

   1.  The  state  of  being  abrupt  or broken; craggedness; ruggedness;
   steepness.

   2.  Suddenness;  unceremonious  haste  or vehemence; as, abruptness of
   style or manner.

                                    Abscess

   Ab"scess  (#),  n.;  pl.  Abscesses  (#).  [L. abscessus a going away,
   gathering  of  humors, abscess, fr. abscessus, p. p. of absedere to go
   away;  ab,  abs  +  cedere  to  go  off,  retire.  See Cede.] (Med.) A
   collection  of  pus  or  purulent matter in any tissue or organ of the
   body, the result of a morbid process. Cold abscess, an abscess of slow
   formation,  unattended  with  the  pain  and  heat  characteristic  of
   ordinary  abscesses,  and  lasting  for  years  without exhibiting any
   tendency towards healing; a chronic abscess.

                                  Abscession

   Ab*sces"sion  (#),  n.  [L.  abscessio a separation; fr. absedere. See
   Abscess.]  A  separating;  removal;  also,  an abscess. [Obs.] Gauden.
   Barrough.

                                    Abscind

   Ab*scind"  (#),  v.  t. [L. absindere; ab + scindere to rend, cut. See
   Schism.]  To  cut  off.  [R.]  "Two syllables . . . abscinded from the
   rest." Johnson.

                                   Abscision

   Ab*sci"sion (#), n. [L. abscisio.] See Abscission.

                                    Absciss

   Ab"sciss (#), n.; pl. Abscisses (#). See Abscissa.

                                   Abscissa

   Ab*scis"sa (#), n.; E. pl. Abscissas, L. pl. Absciss\'91. [L., fem. of
   abscissus,  p. p. of absindere to cut of. See Abscind.] (Geom.) One of
   the elements of reference by which a point, as of a curve, is referred
   to a system of fixed rectilineal co\'94rdinate axes.

     NOTE: When re ferred to  tw o intersecting axes, one of them called
     the  axis  of  abscissas,  or  of  X,  and  the  other  the axis of
     ordinates,  or  of Y, the abscissa of the point is the distance cut
     off  from  the axis of X by a line drawn through it and parallel to
     the  axis  of  Y.  When  a point in space is referred to three axes
     having  a  common  intersection,  the  abscissa may be the distance
     measured parallel to either of them, from the point to the plane of
     the  other  two  axes.  Abscissas  and ordinates taken together are
     called  co\'94rdinates.  -- OX or PY is the abscissa of the point P
     of  the curve, OY or PX its ordinate, the intersecting lines OX and
     OY  being the axes of abscissas and ordinates respectively, and the
     point O their origin.

                                  Abscission

   Ab*scis"sion (#), n. [L. abscissio. See Abscind.]

   1.  The  act  or  process of cutting off. "Not to be cured without the
   abscission of a member." Jer. Taylor.

   2. The state of being cut off. Sir T. Browne.

   3.  (Rhet.) A figure of speech employed when a speaker having begun to
   say  a  thing  stops abruptly: thus, "He is a man of so much honor and
   candor, and of such generosity -- but I need say no more."

                                    Abscond

   Ab*scond"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Absconded;  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Absconding.]  [L. abscondere to hide; ab, abs + condere to lay up; con
   + d\'ddre (only in comp.) to put. Cf. Do.]

   1. To hide, withdraw, or be concealed.

     The marmot absconds all winter. Ray.

   2.  To  depart  clandestinely; to steal off and secrete one's self; --
   used  especially of persons who withdraw to avoid a legal process; as,
   an absconding debtor.

     That  very  homesickness  which,  in regular armies, drives so many
     recruits to abscond. Macaulay.

                                    Abscond

   Ab*scond", v. t. To hide; to conceal. [Obs.] Bentley.

                                  Abscondence

   Ab*scond"ence (#), n. Fugitive concealment; secret retirement; hiding.
   [R.] Phillips.

                                   Absconder

   Ab*scond"er (#), n. One who absconds.

                                    Absence

   Ab"sence (#), n. [F., fr. L. absentia. See Absent.]

   1.  A  state  of  being  absent  or  withdrawn  from  a  place or from
   companionship; -- opposed to presence.

     Not  as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence. Phil.
     ii. 12.

   2.  Want;  destitution;  withdrawal.  "In  the absence of conventional
   law." Kent.

   3.  Inattention  to things present; abstraction (of mind); as, absence
   of  mind.  "Reflecting  on  the  little  absences  and distractions of
   mankind." Addison.

     To conquer that abstraction which is called absence. Landor.

                                    Absent

   Ab"sent (#), a. [F., fr. absens, absentis, p. pr. of abesse to be away
   from; ab + esse to be. Cf. Sooth.]

   1.  Being  away  from  a  place;  withdrawn from a place; not present.
   "Expecting absent friends." Shak.

   2. Not existing; lacking; as, the part was rudimental or absent.

   3.  Inattentive to what is passing; absent-minded; preoccupied; as, an
   absent air.

     What  is  commonly  called  an absent man is commonly either a very
     weak or a very affected man. Chesterfield.

   Syn. -- Absent, Abstracted. These words both imply a want of attention
   to  surrounding objects. We speak of a man as absent when his thoughts
   wander  unconsciously  from  present scenes or topics of discourse; we
   speak  of him as abstracted when his mind (usually for a brief period)
   is   drawn  off  from  present  things  by  some  weighty  matter  for
   reflection.  Absence  of mind is usually the result of loose habits of
   thought;  abstraction commonly arises either from engrossing interests
   and cares, or from unfortunate habits of association.

                                    Absent

   Ab*sent"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Absented;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Absenting.] [Cf. F. absenter.]

   1.  To  take or withdraw (one's self) to such a distance as to prevent
   intercourse; -- used with the reflexive pronoun.

     If after due summons any member absents himself, he is to be fined.
     Addison.

   2. To withhold from being present. [Obs.] "Go; for thy stay, not free,
   absents thee more." Milton.

                                 Absentaneous

   Ab`sen*ta"ne*ous  (#),  a. [LL. absentaneus. See absent] Pertaining to
   absence. [Obs.]

                                  Absentation

   Ab`sen*ta"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of  absenting  one's  self. Sir W.
   Hamilton.

                                   Absentee

   Ab`sen*tee"  (#), n. One who absents himself from his country, office,
   post,  or  duty; especially, a landholder who lives in another country
   or  district  than  that  where  his  estate is situated; as, an Irish
   absentee. Macaulay.

                                  Absenteeism

   Ab`sen*tee"ism  (#), n. The state or practice of an absentee; esp. the
   practice  of  absenting  one's self from the country or district where
   one's estate is situated.

                                   Absenter

   Ab*sent"er (#), n. One who absents one's self.

                                   Absently

   Ab"sent*ly (#), adv. In an absent or abstracted manner.

                                  Absentment

   Ab*sent"ment  (#),  n.  The  state  of  being absent; withdrawal. [R.]
   Barrow.

                                 Absent-minded

   Ab`sent-mind"ed(#),  a.  Absent  in  mind; abstracted; preoccupied. --
   Ab`sent-mind"ed*ness, n. -- Ab`sent-mind"ed*ly, adv.

                                  Absentness

   Ab"sent*ness (#), n. The quality of being absent-minded. H. Miller.

                                  Absey-book

   Ab"sey-book`(#), n. An A-B-C book; a primer. [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Absinthate

   Ab"sin"thate  (#),  n.  (Chem.) A combination of absinthic acid with a
   base or positive radical.

                               Absinth, Absinthe

   Ab"sinth`, Ab"sinthe` (#), n. [F. absinthe. See Absinthium.]

   1. The plant absinthium or common wormwood.

   2.  A  strong  spirituous  liqueur  made  from  wormwood and brandy or
   alcohol.

                                  Absinthial

   Ab*sin"thi*al (#), a. Of or pertaining to wormwood; absinthian.

                                  Absinthian

   Ab*sin"thi*an   (#),   n.  Of  the  nature  of  wormwood.  "Absinthian
   bitterness." T. Randolph.

                                  Absinthiate

   Ab"sin"thi*ate  (#),  v.  t. [From L. absinthium: cf. L. absinthiatus,
   a.] To impregnate with wormwood.

                                 Absinthiated

   Ab*sin"thi*a`ted  (#),  a. Impregnated with wormwood; as, absinthiated
   wine.

                                   Absinthic

   Ab*sin"thic  (#),  a. (Chem.) Relating to the common wormwood or to an
   acid obtained from it.

                                   Absinthin

   Ab*sin"thin   (#),   n.  (Chem.)  The  bitter  principle  of  wormwood
   (Artemisia absinthium). Watts.

                                  Absinthism

   Ab"sin*thism  (#), n. The condition of being poisoned by the excessive
   use of absinth.

                                  Absinthium

   Ab*sin"thi*um  (#),  n.  [L.,  from  Gr.  (Bot.)  The  common wormwood
   (Artemisia absinthium), an intensely bitter plant, used as a tonic and
   for making the oil of wormwood.

                                     Absis

   Ab"sis (#), n. See Apsis.

                                    Absist

   Ab*sist"  (#),  v. i. [L. absistere, p. pr. absistens; ab + sistere to
   stand,  causal  of  stare.]  To  stand  apart  from; top leave off; to
   desist. [Obs.] Raleigh.

                                  Absistence

   Ab*sist"ence (#), n. A standing aloof. [Obs.]

                                   Absolute

   Ab"so*lute  (#),  a. [L. absolutus, p. p. of absolvere: cf. F. absolu.
   See Absolve.]

   1.   Loosed   from   any   limitation   or   condition;  uncontrolled;
   unrestricted;   unconditional;   as,   absolute  authority,  monarchy,
   sovereignty,  an  absolute  promise  or  command;  absolute  power; an
   absolute monarch.

   2.  Complete  in  itself; perfect; consummate; faultless; as, absolute
   perfection; absolute beauty.

     So absolute she seems, And in herself complete. Milton.

   3.  Viewed  apart from modifying influences or without comparison with
   other  objects;  actual; real; -- opposed to relative and comparative;
   as, absolute motion; absolute time or space.

     NOTE: Absolute ri ghts an d du ties are such as pertain to man in a
     state  of  nature  as  contradistinguished from relative rights and
     duties, or such as pertain to him in his social relations.

   4.  Loosed  from,  or  unconnected  by, dependence on any other being;
   self-existent; self-sufficing.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th is se nse Go d is  ca lled th e Absolute by the
     Theist.  The term is also applied by the Pantheist to the universe,
     or  the total of all existence, as only capable of relations in its
     parts  to  each  other  and  to the whole, and as dependent for its
     existence  and  its  phenomena on its mutually depending forces and
     their laws.

   5.   Capable   of   being   thought  or  conceived  by  itself  alone;
   unconditioned; non-relative.

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  in dispute among philosopher whether the term,
     in  this  sense,  is  not  applied  to  a  mere  logical fiction or
     abstraction,  or  whether  the  absolute,  as  thus defined, can be
     known, as a reality, by the human intellect.

     To  Cusa  we  can  indeed  articulately  trace, word and thing, the
     recent philosophy of the absolute. Sir W. Hamilton.

   6. Positive; clear; certain; not doubtful. [R.]

     I am absolute 't was very Cloten. Shak.

   7. Authoritative; peremptory. [R.]

     The  peddler  stopped,  and  tapped  her on the head, With absolute
     forefinger, brown and ringed. Mrs. Browning.

   8. (Chem.) Pure; unmixed; as, absolute alcohol.

   9.  (Gram.)  Not  immediately  dependent  on  the  other  parts of the
   sentence  in government; as, the case absolute. See Ablative absolute,
   under Ablative.
   Absolute  curvature  (Geom.),  that  curvature  of  a  curve of double
   curvature,  which is measured in the osculating plane of the curve. --
   Absolute  equation  (Astron.),  the  sum  of  the  optic and eccentric
   equations.  --  Absolute  space  (Physics),  space  considered without
   relation  to  material  limits  or objects. -- Absolute terms. (Alg.),
   such  as  are  known,  or  which  do not contain the unknown quantity.
   Davies  &  Peck. -- Absolute temperature (Physics), the temperature as
   measured  on  a  scale  determined  by  certain general thermo-dynamic
   principles,  and  reckoned  from  the  absolute zero. -- Absolute zero
   (Physics),  the  be  ginning,  or zero point, in the scale of absolute
   temperature.   It   is  equivalent  to  -273°  centigrade  or  -459.4°
   Fahrenheit.  Syn.  --  Positive;  peremptory;  certain; unconditional;
   unlimited; unrestricted; unqualified; arbitrary; despotic; autocratic.

                                   Absolute

   Ab"so*lute  (#),  n.  (Geom.)  In  a plane, the two imaginary circular
   points at infinity; in space of three dimensions, the imaginary circle
   at infinity.

                                  Absolutely

   Ab"so*lute*ly,  adv.  In  an  absolute,  independent, or unconditional
   manner; wholly; positively.

                                 Absoluteness

   Ab"so*lute*ness,  n.  The  quality  of being absolute; independence of
   everything  extraneous;  unlimitedness;  absolute  power;  independent
   reality; positiveness.

                                  Absolution

   Ab`so*lu"tion  (#),  n. [F. absolution, L. absolutio, fr. absolvere to
   absolve. See Absolve.]

   1.  An  absolving,  or  setting  free  from  guilt,  sin,  or penalty;
   forgiveness  of  an  offense. "Government . . . granting absolution to
   the nation." Froude.

   2.  (Civil  Law)  An  acquittal,  or sentence of a judge declaring and
   accused person innocent. [Obs.]

   3.  (R. C. Ch.) The exercise of priestly jurisdiction in the sacrament
   of  penance, by which Catholics believe the sins of the truly penitent
   are forgiven.

     NOTE: &hand; In the English and other Protestant churches, this act
     regarded as simply declaratory, not as imparting forgiveness.

   4. (Eccl.) An absolving from ecclesiastical penalties, -- for example,
   excommunication. P. Cyc.

   5. The form of words by which a penitent is absolved. Shipley.

   6. Delivery, in speech. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
   Absolution day (R. C. Ch.), Tuesday before Easter.

                                  Absolutism

   Ab"so*lu`tism (#), n.

   1.  The  state  of  being  absolute;  the  system  or  doctrine of the
   absolute;   the  principles  or  practice  of  absolute  or  arbitrary
   government; despotism.

     The element of absolutism and prelacy was controlling. Palfrey.

   2. (Theol.) Doctrine of absolute decrees. Ash.

                                  Absolutist

   Ab"so*lu`tist (#), n.

   1. One who is in favor of an absolute or autocratic government.

   2.  (Metaph.)  One  who  believes  that  it  is  possible to realize a
   cognition or concept of the absolute. Sir. W. Hamilton.

                                  Absolutist

   Ab"so*lu`tist, a. Of or pertaining to absolutism; arbitrary; despotic;
   as, absolutist principles.

                                 Absolutistic

   Ab`so*lu*tis"tic (#), a. Pertaining to absolutism; absolutist.

                                  Absolutory

   Ab*sol"u*to*ry  (#),  a.  [L. absolutorius, fr. absolvere to absolve.]
   Serving to absolve; absolving. "An absolutory sentence." Ayliffe.

                                  Absolvable

   Ab*solv"a*ble (#), a. That may be absolved.

                                  Absolvatory

   Ab*solv"a*to*ry (#), a. Conferring absolution; absolutory.

                                    Absolve

   Ab*solve"  (#; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Absolved (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Absolving.]  [L.  absolvere  to  set free, to absolve; ab + solvere to
   loose. See Assoil, Solve.]

   1.  To  set  free,  or  release,  as  from  some  obligation, debt, or
   responsibility,  or  from the consequences of guilt or such ties as it
   would  be sin or guilt to violate; to pronounce free; as, to absolve a
   subject  from his allegiance; to absolve an offender, which amounts to
   an acquittal and remission of his punishment.

     Halifax was absolved by a majority of fourteen. Macaulay.

   2. To free from a penalty; to pardon; to remit (a sin); -- said of the
   sin or guilt.

     In his name I absolve your perjury. Gibbon.

   3. To finish; to accomplish. [Obs.]

     The work begun, how soon absolved. Milton.

   4. To resolve or explain. [Obs.] "We shall not absolve the doubt." Sir
   T. Browne.
   Syn.  --  To Absolve, Exonerate, Acquit. We speak of a man as absolved
   from  something  that  binds his conscience, or involves the charge of
   wrongdoing;  as,  to absolve from allegiance or from the obligation of
   an  oath, or a promise. We speak of a person as exonerated, when he is
   released  from some burden which had rested upon him; as, to exonerate
   from  suspicion, to exonerate from blame or odium. It implies a purely
   moral  acquittal.  We  speak of a person as acquitted, when a decision
   has been made in his favor with reference to a specific charge, either
   by  a  jury  or  by disinterested persons; as, he was acquitted of all
   participation in the crime.

                                   Absolvent

   Ab*solv"ent  (#),  a.  [L. absolvens, p. pr. of absolvere.] Absolving.
   [R.] Carlyle.

                                   Absolvent

   Ab*solv"ent, n. An absolver. [R.] Hobbes.

                                   Absolver

   Ab*solv"er (#), n. One who absolves. Macaulay.

                                   Absonant

   Ab"so*nant  (#),  a.  [L.  ab  +  sonans,  p. pr. of sonare to sound.]
   Discordant;  contrary;  -- opposed to consonant. "Absonant to nature."
   Quarles.

                                   Absonous

   Ab"so*nous  (#),  a.  [L.  absonus;  ab  +  sonus  sound.] Discordant;
   inharmonious; incongruous. [Obs.] "Absonous to our reason." Glanvill.

                                    Absorb

   Ab*sorb"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Absorbed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Absorbing.]  [L.  absorbere;  ab  +  sorbere  to  suck in, akin to Gr.
   absorber.]

   1. To swallow up; to engulf; to overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if
   by  swallowing  up; to use up; to include. "Dark oblivion soon absorbs
   them all." Cowper.

     The large cities absorb the wealth and fashion. W. Irving.

   2.  To suck up; to drink in; to imbibe; as a sponge or as the lacteals
   of the body. Bacon.

   3. To engross or engage wholly; to occupy fully; as, absorbed in study
   or the pursuit of wealth.

   4.  To take up by cohesive, chemical, or any molecular action, as when
   charcoal  absorbs  gases. So heat, light, and electricity are absorbed
   or  taken up in the substances into which they pass. Nichol. p. 8 Syn.
   --  To  Absorb,  Engross, Swallow up, Engulf. These words agree in one
   general idea, that of completely taking up. They are chiefly used in a
   figurative  sense  and  may  be  distinguished by a reference to their
   etymology. We speak of a person as absorbed (lit., drawn in, swallowed
   up)  in  study  or  some  other employment of the highest interest. We
   speak  of  a  person  as ebgrossed (lit., seized upon in the gross, or
   wholly)  by  something  which occupies his whole time and thoughts, as
   the  acquisition  of wealth, or the attainment of honor. We speak of a
   person (under a stronger image) as swallowed up and lost in that which
   completely  occupies  his  thoughts  and  feelings, as in grief at the
   death  of  a friend, or in the multiplied cares of life. We speak of a
   person  as engulfed in that which (like a gulf) takes in all his hopes
   and interests; as, engulfed in misery, ruin, etc.

     That grave question which had begun to absorb the Christian mind --
     the marriage of the clergy. Milman.

     Too  long  hath  love  engrossed  Britannia's  stage,  And  sunk to
     softness all our tragic rage. Tickell.

     Should not the sad occasion swallow up My other cares? Addison.

     And in destruction's river Engulf and swallow those. Sir P. Sidney.

                                 Absorbability

   Ab*sorb`a*bil"i*ty  (#),  n. The state or quality of being absorbable.
   Graham (Chemistry).

                                  Absorbable

   Ab*sorb"a*ble,  a.  [Cf.  F. absorbable.] Capable of being absorbed or
   swallowed up. Kerr.

                                  Absorbedly

   Ab*sorb"ed*ly, adv. In a manner as if wholly engrossed or engaged.

                                  Absorbency

   Ab*sorb"en*cy (#), n. Absorptiveness.

                                   Absorbent

   Ab*sorb"ent  (#),  a.  [L. absorbens, p. pr. of absorbere.] Absorbing;
   swallowing;  absorptive.  Absorbent ground (Paint.), a ground prepared
   for  a  picture, chiefly with distemper, or water colors, by which the
   oil is absorbed, and a brilliancy is imparted to the colors.

                                   Absorbent

   Ab*sorb"ent, n.

   1. Anything which absorbs.

     The ocean, itself a bad absorbent of heat. Darwin.

   2.  (Med.)  Any  substance which absorbs and neutralizes acid fluid in
   the  stomach and bowels, as magnesia, chalk, etc.; also a substance e.
   g.,  iodine)  which  acts  on  the  absorbent  vessels so as to reduce
   enlarged and indurated parts.

   3. pl. (Physiol.) The vessels by which the processes of absorption are
   carried on, as the lymphatics in animals, the extremities of the roots
   in plants.

                                   Absorber

   Ab*sorb"er (#), n. One who, or that which, absorbs.

                                   Absorbing

   Ab*sorb"ing,  a.  Swallowing, engrossing; as, an absorbing pursuit. --
   Ab*sorb"ing, adv.

                                  Absorbition

   Ab`sor*bi"tion (#), n. Absorption. [Obs.]

                                    Absorpt

   Ab*sorpt`  (#), a. [L. absorptus, p. p.] Absorbed. [Arcahic.] "Absorpt
   in care." Pope.

                                  Absorption

   Ab*sorp"tion (#), n. [L. absorptio, fr. absorbere. See Absorb.]

   1. The act or process of absorbing or sucking in anything, or of being
   absorbed  and  made  to  disappear;  as, the absorption of bodies in a
   whirlpool, the absorption of a smaller tribe into a larger.

   2. (Chem. & Physics) An imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical
   action; as, the absorption of light, heat, electricity, etc.

   3.  (Physiol.) In living organisms, the process by which the materials
   of  growth  and nutrition are absorbed and conveyed to the tissues and
   organs.

   4.  Entire  engrossment  or  occupation of the mind; as, absorption in
   some employment.

                                  Absorptive

   Ab*sorp"tive  (#), a. Having power, capacity, or tendency to absorb or
   imbibe. E. Darwin.

                                Absorptiveness

   Ab*sorp"tive*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being absorptive; absorptive
   power.

                                 Absorptivity

   Ab`sorp*tiv"i*ty (#), n. Absorptiveness.

                                 Absquatulate

   Ab*squat"u*late  (#),  v.  i.  To  take  one's self off; to decamp. [A
   jocular word. U. S.]

                                  Absque hoc

   Abs"que  hoc  (#).  [L.,  without  this.] (Law) The technical words of
   denial used in traversing what has been alleged, and is repeated.

                                    Abstain

   Ab*stain"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  & p. p. Abstained (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abstaining.]  [OE.  absteynen,  abstenen,  OF.  astenir,  abstenir, F.
   abstenir,  fr.  L.  abstinere, abstentum, v. t. & v. i., to keep from;
   ab,  abs  + tenere to hold. See Tenable.] To hold one's self aloof; to
   forbear  or  refrain voluntarily, and especially from an indulgence of
   the passions or appetites; -- with from.

     Not a few abstained from voting. Macaulay.

     Who abstains from meat that is not gaunt? Shak.

   Syn.  --  To  refrain;  forbear;  withhold;  deny one's self; give up;
   relinquish.

                                    Abstain

   Ab*stain", v. t. To hinder; to withhold.

     Whether he abstain men from marrying. Milton.

                                   Abstainer

   Ab*stain"er  (#), n. One who abstains; esp., one who abstains from the
   use of intoxicating liquors.

                                  Abstemious

   Ab*ste"mi*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  abstemius;  ab,  abs  +  root of temetum
   intoxicating drink.]

   1. Abstaining from wine. [Orig. Latin sense.]

     Under  his  special  eye  Abstemious  I  grew up and thrived amain.
     Milton.

   2.  Sparing  in  diet;  refraining  from a free use of food and strong
   drinks;  temperate;  abstinent;  sparing  in  the  indulgence  of  the
   appetite or passions.

     Instances of longevity are chiefly among the abstemious. Arbuthnot.

   3.  Sparingly  used;  used  with  temperance  or  moderation;  as,  an
   abstemious diet. Gibbon.

   4.  Marked  by,  or spent in, abstinence; as, an abstemious life. "One
   abstemious day." Pope.

   5. Promotive of abstemiousness. [R.]

     Such is the virtue of the abstemious well. Dryden.

                                Abstemiousness

   Ab*ste"mi*ous*ness,  n. The quality of being abstemious, temperate, or
   sparing  in  the use of food and strong drinks. It expresses a greater
   degree of abstinence than temperance.

                                  Abstention

   Ab*sten"tion  (#),  a.  [F.  See  Abstain.]  The  act of abstaining; a
   holding aloof. Jer. Taylor.

                                  Abstentious

   Ab*sten"tious  (#),  a. Characterized by abstinence; self-restraining.
   Farrar.

                                   Absterge

   Ab*sterge  (#),  v. t. [L. abstergere, abstersum; ab, abs + tergere to
   wipe.  Cf.  F  absterger.]  To  make clean by wiping; to wipe away; to
   cleanse; hence, to purge. [R.] Quincy.

                                  Abstergent

   Ab*ster"gent (#), a. [L. abstergens, p. pr. of abstergere.] Serving to
   cleanse, detergent.

                                  Abstergent

   Ab*ster"gent,  n. A substance used in cleansing; a detergent; as, soap
   is an abstergent.

                                   Absterse

   Ab*sterse"  (#),  v. t. To absterge; to cleanse; to purge away. [Obs.]
   Sir T. Browne.

                                  Abstersion

   Ab*ster"sion  (#),  n.  [F.  abstersion.  See Absterge.] Act of wiping
   clean; a cleansing; a purging.

     The task of ablution and abstersion being performed. Sir W. Scott.

                                  Abstersive

   Ab*ster"sive  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  abstersif. See Absterge.] Cleansing;
   purging. Bacon.

                                  Abstersive

   Ab*ster"sive, n. Something cleansing.

     The strong abstersive of some heroic magistrate. Milton.

                                Abstersiveness

   Ab*ster"sive*ness, n. The quality of being abstersive. Fuller.

                                  Abstinence

   Ab"sti*nence  (#),  n.  [F. abstinence, L. abstinentia, fr. abstinere.
   See Abstain.]

   1.  The  act  or  practice of abstaining; voluntary forbearance of any
   action,  especially  the refraining from an indulgence of appetite, or
   from  customary  gratifications  of  animal  or  sensual propensities.
   Specifically,  the practice of abstaining from intoxicating beverages,
   -- called also total abstinence.

     The  abstinence  from  a  present  pleasure that offers itself is a
     pain, nay, oftentimes, a very great one. Locke.

   2.  The  practice  of  self-denial  by depriving one's self of certain
   kinds of food or drink, especially of meat.

     Penance,  fasts,  and  abstinence,  To punish bodies for the soul's
     offense. Dryden.

                                  Abstinency

   Ab"sti*nen*cy (#), n. Abstinence. [R.]

                                   Abstinent

   Ab"sti*nent  (#), a. [F. abstinent, L. abstinens, p. pr. of abstinere.
   See   Abstain.]   Refraining  from  indulgence,  especially  from  the
   indulgence of appetite; abstemious; continent; temperate. Beau. & Fl.

                                   Abstinent

   Ab"sti*nent, n.

   1. One who abstains.

   2. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect who appeared in France and Spain in the
   3d century.

                                  Abstinently

   Ab"sti*nent*ly, adv. With abstinence.

                                   Abstorted

   Ab*stort"ed (#), a. [As if fr. abstort, fr. L. ab, abs + tortus, p. p.
   of torquere to twist.] Wrested away. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                   Abstract

   Ab"stract`  (#;  277),  a. [L. abstractus, p. p. of abstrahere to draw
   from, separate; ab, abs + trahere to draw. See Trace.]

   1. Withdraw; separate. [Obs.]

     The more abstract . . . we are from the body. Norris.

   2.  Considered  apart  from  any  application  to a particular object;
   separated  from  matter; exiting in the mind only; as, abstract truth,
   abstract numbers. Hence: ideal; abstruse; difficult.

   3.  (Logic)  (a)  Expressing a particular property of an object viewed
   apart  from  the  other  properties which constitute it; -- opposed to
   concrete;  as,  honesty is an abstract word. J. S. Mill. (b) Resulting
   from  the  mental  faculty  of  abstraction;  general  as  opposed  to
   particular; as, "reptile" is an abstract or general name. Locke.

     A  concrete  name  is  a name which stands for a thing; an abstract
     name which stands for an attribute of a thing. A practice has grown
     up  in  more  modern  times, which, if not introduced by Locke, has
     gained  currency  from  his  example,  of  applying  the expression
     "abstract  name"  to  all names which are the result of abstraction
     and  generalization, and consequently to all general names, instead
     of confining it to the names of attributes. J. S. Mill.

   4. Abstracted; absent in mind. "Abstract, as in a trance." Milton.
   An  abstract  idea (Metaph.), an idea separated from a complex object,
   or  from  other ideas which naturally accompany it; as the solidity of
   marble  when  contemplated apart from its color or figure. -- Abstract
   terms,  those  which  express  abstract  ideas,  as beauty, whiteness,
   roundness,  without  regarding  any  object  in  which  they exist; or
   abstract  terms  are the names of orders, genera or species of things,
   in  which  there  is  a  combination of similar qualities. -- Abstract
   numbers  (Math.), numbers used without application to things, as 6, 8,
   10;  but  when  applied  to  any thing, as 6 feet, 10 men, they become
   concrete. -- Abstract OR Pure mathematics. See Mathematics.

                                   Abstract

   Ab*stract"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Abstracted; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abstracting.] [See Abstract, a.]

   1. To withdraw; to separate; to take away.

     He  was  incapable  of forming any opinion or resolution abstracted
     from his own prejudices. Sir W. Scott.

   2. To draw off in respect to interest or attention; as, his was wholly
   abstracted by other objects.

     The young stranger had been abstracted and silent. Blackw. Mag.

   3. To separate, as ideas, by the operation of the mind; to consider by
   itself; to contemplate separately, as a quality or attribute. Whately.

   4. To epitomize; to abridge. Franklin.

   5.  To take secretly or dishonestly; to purloin; as, to abstract goods
   from a parcel, or money from a till.

     Von  Rosen  had  quietly  abstracted  the  bearing-reins  from  the
     harness. W. Black.

   6.  (Chem.)  To  separate,  as the more volatile or soluble parts of a
   substance,  by distillation or other chemical processes. In this sense
   extract is now more generally used.

                                   Abstract

   Ab*stract", v. t. To perform the process of abstraction. [R.]

     I own myself able to abstract in one sense. Berkeley.

                                   Abstract

   Ab"stract` (#), n. [See Abstract, a.]

   1.  That  which  comprises  or  concentrates  in  itself the essential
   qualities  of  a  larger  thing  or of several things. Specifically: A
   summary  or an epitome, as of a treatise or book, or of a statement; a
   brief.

     An abstract of every treatise he had read. Watts.

     Man,  the  abstract  Of  all  perfection,  which the workmanship Of
     Heaven hath modeled. Ford.

   2.  A state of separation from other things; as, to consider a subject
   in the abstract, or apart from other associated things.

   3. An abstract term.

     The concretes "father" and "son" have, or might have, the abstracts
     "paternity" and "filiety." J. S. Mill.

   4. (Med.) A powdered solid extract of a vegetable substance mixed with
   sugar  of  milk  in  such  proportion  that  one  part of the abstract
   represents two parts of the original substance.
   Abstract  of  title  (Law),  an epitome of the evidences of ownership.
   Syn. -- Abridgment; compendium; epitome; synopsis. See Abridgment.

                                  Abstracted

   Ab*stract"ed (#), a.

   1. Separated or disconnected; withdrawn; removed; apart.

     The evil abstracted stood from his own evil. Milton.

   2. Separated from matter; abstract; ideal. [Obs.]

   3. Abstract; abstruse; difficult. [Obs.] Johnson.

   4.  Inattentive to surrounding objects; absent in mind. "An abstracted
   scholar." Johnson.

                                 Abstractedly

   Ab*stract"ed*ly,  adv.  In  an  abstracted  manner;  separately;  with
   absence of mind.

                                Abstractedness

   Ab*stract"ed*ness,   n.   The  state  of  being  abstracted;  abstract
   character.

                                  Abstracter

   Ab*stract"er (#), n. One who abstracts, or makes an abstract.

                                  Abstraction

   Ab*strac"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. abstraction. See Abstract, a.]

   1. The act of abstracting, separating, or withdrawing, or the state of
   being withdrawn; withdrawal.

     A  wrongful  abstraction  of  wealth  from  certain  members of the
     community. J. S. Mill.

   2.  (Metaph.)  The  act process of leaving out of consideration one or
   more  properties  of  a  complex  object  so  as  to attend to others;
   analysis.  Thus, when the mind considers the form of a tree by itself,
   or  the color of the leaves as separate from their size or figure, the
   act  is  called  abstraction.  So,  also, when it considers whiteness,
   softness, virtue, existence, as separate from any particular objects.

     NOTE: &hand; Ab straction is  necessary to classification, by which
     things  are arranged in genera and species. We separate in idea the
     qualities  of  certain  objects,  which  are of the same kind, from
     others which are different, in each, and arrange the objects having
     the same properties in a class, or collected body.

     Abstraction  is  no  positive  act:  it  is  simply the negative of
     attention. Sir W. Hamilton.

   3.  An  idea  or  notion of an abstract, or theoretical nature; as, to
   fight for mere abstractions.

   4.  A  separation from worldly objects; a recluse life; as, a hermit's
   abstraction.

   5. Absence or absorption of mind; inattention to present objects.

   6.  The  taking surreptitiously for one's own use part of the property
   of another; purloining. [Modern]

   7.  (Chem.) A separation of volatile parts by the act of distillation.
   Nicholson.

                                 Abstractional

   Ab*strac"tion*al (#), a. Pertaining to abstraction.

                                Abstractionist

   Ab*strac"tion*ist, n. An idealist. Emerson.

                                Abstractitious

   Ab`strac*ti"tious (#), a. Obtained from plants by distillation. [Obs.]
   Crabb.

                                  Abstractive

   Ab*strac"tive  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  abstractif.]  Having  the  power of
   abstracting;  of  an abstracting nature. "The abstractive faculty." I.
   Taylor.

                                 Abstractively

   Ab*strac"tive*ly,  adv.  In  a  abstract  manner; separately; in or by
   itself. Feltham.

                                Abstractiveness

   Ab*strac"tive*ness,  n.  The quality of being abstractive; abstractive
   property.

                                  Abstractly

   Ab"stract`ly   (#;   277),  adv.  In  an  abstract  state  or  manner;
   separately; absolutely; by itself; as, matter abstractly considered.

                                 Abstractness

   Ab"stract`ness, n. The quality of being abstract. "The abstractness of
   the ideas." Locke.

                                   Abstringe

   Ab*stringe"  (#),  v.  t.  [L  ab  +  stringere,  strictum,  to  press
   together.] To unbind. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                   Abstrude

   Ab*strude"  (#),  v. t. [L. abstrudere. See Abstruse.] To thrust away.
   [Obs.] Johnson.

                                   Abstruse

   Ab*struse"  (#), a. [L. abstrusus, p. p. of abstrudere to thrust away,
   conceal; ab, abs + trudere to thrust; cf. F. abstrus. See Threat.]

   1. Concealed or hidden out of the way. [Obs.]

     The eternal eye whose sight discerns Abstrusest thoughts. Milton.

   2.   Remote   from  apprehension;  difficult  to  be  comprehended  or
   understood; recondite; as, abstruse learning.

     Profound and abstruse topics. Milman.

                                  Abstrusely

   Ab*struse"ly, adv. In an abstruse manner.

                                 Abstruseness

   Ab*struse"ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  abstruse;  difficulty of
   apprehension. Boyle.

                                  Abstrusion

   Ab*stru"sion  (#),  n.  [L.  abstrusio.  See  Abstruse.]  The  act  of
   thrusting away. [R.] Ogilvie.

                                  Abstrusity

   Ab*stru"si*ty  (#),  n. Abstruseness; that which is abstruse. [R.] Sir
   T. Browne.

                                    Absume

   Ab*sume"  (#), v. t. [L. absumere, absumptum; ab + sumere to take.] To
   consume gradually; to waste away. [Obs.] Boyle.

                                  Absumption

   Ab*sump"tion  (#;  215), n. [L. absumptio. See Absume.] Act of wasting
   away; a consuming; extinction. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                    Absurd

   Ab*surd" (#), a. [L. absurdus harsh-sounding; ab + (prob) a derivative
   fr. a root svar to sound; not connected with surd: cf. F. absurde. See
   Syringe.]  Contrary  to  reason  or  propriety;  obviously  and fiatly
   opposed  to  manifest  truth;  inconsistent with the plain dictates of
   common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; as, an
   absurd person, an absurd opinion; an absurd dream.

     This proffer is absurd and reasonless. Shak.

     'This phrase absurd to call a villain great. Pope.

   p.   9   Syn.   --   Foolish;  irrational;  ridiculous;  preposterous;
   inconsistent;    incongruous.    --   Absurd,   Irrational,   Foolish,
   Preposterous. Of these terms, irrational is the weakest, denoting that
   which  is  plainly inconsistent with the dictates of sound reason; as,
   an irrational course of life. Foolish rises higher, and implies either
   a  perversion  of  that faculty, or an absolute weakness or fatuity of
   mind;  as,  foolish  enterprises.  Absurd rises still higher, denoting
   that  which  is  plainly  opposed to received notions of propriety and
   truth;  as,  an  absurd  man,  project, opinion, story, argument, etc.
   Preposterous rises still higher, and supposes an absolute inversion in
   the order of things; or, in plain terms, a "putting of the cart before
   the  horse;"  as,  a  preposterous suggestion, preposterous conduct, a
   preposterous regulation or law.

                                    Absurd

   Ab*surd" (#), n. An absurdity. [Obs.] Pope.

                                   Absurdity

   Ab*surd"i*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Absurdities  (#). [L. absurditas: cf. F.
   absurdite.]

   1.  The  quality  of  being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth,
   reason,  or  sound  judgment.  "The absurdity of the actual idea of an
   infinite number." Locke.

   2. That which is absurd; an absurd action; a logical contradiction.

     His travels were full of absurdities. Johnson.

                                   Absurdly

   Ab*surd"ly, adv. In an absurd manner.

                                  Absurdness

   Ab*surd"ness, n. Absurdity. [R.]

                                     Abuna

   A*bu"na  (#), n. [Eth. and Ar., our father.] The Patriarch, or head of
   the Abyssinian Church.

                                   Abundance

   A*bun"dance  (#),  n.  [OE.  (h)abudaunce, abundance, F. abundance, F.
   abondance,  L.  abundantia,  fr. abundare. See Abound.] An overflowing
   fullness;  ample sufficiency; great plenty; profusion; copious supply;
   superfluity;  wealth:  --  strictly  applicable  to quantity only, but
   sometimes used of number.

     It  is  lamentable  to  remember what abundance of noble blood hath
     been shed with small benefit to the Christian state. Raleigh.

   Syn.  --  Exuberance;  plenteousness;  plenty;  copiousness; overflow;
   riches;  affluence;  wealth.  --  Abundance, Plenty, Exuberance. These
   words  rise upon each other in expressing the idea of fullness. Plenty
   denotes a sufficiency to supply every want; as, plenty of food, plenty
   of  money,  etc.  Abundance  express  more,  and  gives  the  idea  of
   superfluity  or  excess;  as, abundance of riches, an abundance of wit
   and  humor;  often,  however, it only denotes plenty in a high degree.
   Exuberance  rises  still higher, and implies a bursting forth on every
   side,  producing great superfluity or redundance; as, an exuberance of
   mirth, an exuberance of animal spirits, etc.

                                   Abundant

   A*bun"dant  (#),  a.  [OE. (h)abundant, aboundant, F. abondant, fr. L.
   abudans, p. pr. of abundare. See Abound.] Fully sufficient; plentiful;
   in  copious  supply;  --  followed by in, rarely by with. "Abundant in
   goodness  and  truth."  Exod.  xxxiv.  6.  Abundant  number (Math.), a
   number,  the  sum  of  whose  aliquot parts exceeds the number itself.
   Thus, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, the aliquot parts of 12, make the number 16. This
   is opposed to a deficient number, as 14, whose aliquot parts are 1, 2,
   7,  the sum of which is 10; and to a perfect number, which is equal to
   the  sum of its aliquot parts, as 6, whose aliquot parts are 1, 2., 3.
   Syn.  -- Ample; plentiful; copious; plenteous; exuberant; overflowing;
   rich; teeming; profuse; bountiful; liberal. See Ample.
   
                                  Abundantly
                                       
   A*bun"dant*ly, adv. In a sufficient degree; fully; amply; plentifully;
   in large measure.
   
                                    Aburst
                                       
   A*burst" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + burst.] In a bursting condition.
   
                                   Abusable
                                       
   A*bus"a*ble (#), a. That may be abused. 

                                    Abusage

   A*bus"age (#), n. Abuse. [Obs.] Whately (1634).

                                     Abuse

   A*buse" (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abused (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Abusing.]
   [F.  abuser;  L.  abusus, p. p. of abuti to abuse, misuse; ab + uti to
   use. See Use.]

   1. To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to misuse; to put to a bad use;
   to  use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert; as, to abuse inherited
   gold; to make an excessive use of; as, to abuse one's authority.

     This  principle  (if one may so abuse the word) shoots rapidly into
     popularity. Froude.

   2. To use ill; to maltreat; to act injuriously to; to punish or to tax
   excessively;  to  hurt; as, to abuse prisoners, to abuse one's powers,
   one's patience.

   3. To revile; to reproach coarsely; to disparage.

     The . . . tellers of news abused the general. Macaulay.

   4. To dishonor. "Shall flight abuse your name?" Shak.

   5. To violate; to ravish. Spenser.

   6. To deceive; to impose on. [Obs.]

     Their  eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud, and abused
     by a double object. Jer. Taylor.

   Syn.  --  To  maltreat;  injure; revile; reproach; vilify; vituperate;
   asperse; traduce; malign.

                                     Abuse

   A*buse" (#), n. [F. abus, L. abusus, fr. abuti. See Abuse, v. t.]

   1.  Improper  treatment or use; application to a wrong or bad purpose;
   misuse;  as, an abuse of our natural powers; an abuse of civil rights,
   or of privileges or advantages; an abuse of language.

     Liberty  may  be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by
     the abuses of power. Madison.

   2.  Physical  ill  treatment;  injury.  "Rejoice . . . at the abuse of
   Falstaff." Shak.

   3. A corrupt practice or custom; offense; crime; fault; as, the abuses
   in the civil service.

     Abuse after disappeared without a struggle.. Macaulay.

   4.  Vituperative  words;  coarse,  insulting speech; abusive language;
   virulent condemnation; reviling.

     The  two  parties,  after  exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to
     blows. Macaulay.

   5. Violation; rape; as, abuse of a female child. [Obs.]

     Or is it some abuse, and no such thing? Shak.

   Abuse  of  distress  (Law),  a  wrongful using of an animal or chattel
   distrained, by the distrainer. Syn. -- Invective; contumely; reproach;
   scurrility;   insult;   opprobrium.  --  Abuse,  Invective.  Abuse  is
   generally  prompted  by anger, and vented in harsh and unseemly words.
   It  is  more personal and coarse than invective. Abuse generally takes
   place in private quarrels; invective in writing or public discussions.
   Invective  may  be  conveyed  in  refined  language  and  dictated  by
   indignation against what is blameworthy. C. J. Smith.

                                   Abuseful

   A*buse"ful  (#), a. Full of abuse; abusive. [R.] "Abuseful names." Bp.
   Barlow.

                                    Abuser

   A*bus"er (#), n. One who abuses [in the various senses of the verb].

                                    Abusion

   A*bu"sion  (#),  n. [OE. abusion, abusioun, OF. abusion, fr. L. abusio
   misuse  of  words,  f. abuti. See Abuse, v. t.] Evil or corrupt usage;
   abuse; wrong; reproach; deception; cheat. Chaucer.

                                    Abusive

   A*bu"sive (#), a. [Cf. F. abusif, fr. L. abusivus.]

   1. Wrongly used; perverted; misapplied.

     I  am  .  .  .  necessitated to use the word Parliament improperly,
     according to the abusive acceptation thereof. Fuller.

   2.  Given  to  misusing;  also, full of abuses. [Archaic] "The abusive
   prerogatives of his see." Hallam.

   3.  Practicing abuse; prone to ill treat by coarse, insulting words or
   by other ill usage; as, an abusive author; an abusive fellow.

   4.   Containing   abuse,  or  serving  as  the  instrument  of  abuse;
   vituperative; reproachful; scurrilous. "An abusive lampoon." Johnson.

   5.  Tending  to  deceive;  fraudulent;  cheating.  [Obs.]  "An abusive
   treaty."   Bacon.   Syn.   --  Reproachful;  scurrilous;  opprobrious;
   insolent; insulting; injurious; offensive; reviling.

                                   Abusively

   A*bu"sive*ly,   adv.  In  an  abusive  manner;  rudely;  with  abusive
   language.

                                  Abusiveness

   A*bu"sive*ness, n. The quality of being abusive; rudeness of language,
   or violence to the person.

     Pick  out  mirth,  like  stones  out  of  thy  ground, Profaneness,
     filthiness, abusiveness. Herbert.

                                     Abut

   A*but"  (#),  v.  i. [imp. & p. p. Abutted; p. pr. & vb. n. Abutting.]
   [OF. abouter, aboter; cf. F. aboutir, and also abuter; a (L. ad) + OF.
   boter,  buter,  to  push:  cf.  F. bout end, and but end, purpose.] To
   project;  to  terminate  or border; to be contiguous; to meet; -- with
   on, upon, or against; as, his land abuts on the road.

                                   Abutilon

   A*bu"ti*lon  (#),  n.  [Ar.  aub\'d4t\'c6l\'d4n.]  (Bot.)  A  genus of
   malvaceous  plants  of many species, found in the torrid and temperate
   zones of both continents; -- called also Indian mallow.

                                   Abutment

   A*but"ment (#), n.

   1. State of abutting.

   2.  That  on  or against which a body abuts or presses; as (a) (Arch.)
   The  solid  part of a pier or wall, etc., which receives the thrust or
   lateral  pressure  of  an  arch, vault, or strut. Gwilt. (b) (mech.) A
   fixed  point or surface from which resistance or reaction is obtained,
   as  the  cylinder head of a steam engine, the fulcrum of a lever, etc.
   (c)  In  breech-loading  firearms,  the  block behind the barrel which
   receives the pressure due to recoil.

                                    Abuttal

   A*but"tal (#), n. The butting or boundary of land, particularly at the
   end; a headland. Spelman.

                                    Abutter

   A*but"ter  (#),  n.  One  who, or that which, abuts. Specifically, the
   owner of a contiguous estate; as, the abutters on a street or a river.

                                     Abuzz

   A*buzz"  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  +  buzz.] In a buzz; buzzing. [Colloq.]
   Dickens.

                                   Aby, Abye

   A*by",  A*bye"  (#),  v.  t.  &  i.  [imp.  & p. p. Abought (#).] [AS.
   \'bebycgan  to  pay  for;  pref. \'be- (cf. Goth. us-, Ger. er-, orig.
   meaning out) + bycgan to buy. See Buy, and cf. Abide.]

   1.  To  pay  for;  to suffer for; to atone for; to make amends for; to
   give satisfaction. [Obs.]

     Lest to thy peril thou aby it dear. Shak.

   2. To endure; to abide. [Obs.]

     But nought that wanteth rest can long aby. Spenser.

                                     Abysm

   A*bysm"  (#), n. [OF. abisme; F. abime, LL. abyssimus, a superl. of L.
   abyssus; Gr. Abyss.] An abyss; a gulf. "The abysm of hell." Shak.

                                    Abysmal

   A*bys"mal  (#), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, an abyss; bottomless;
   unending; profound.

     Geology  gives  one  the same abysmal extent of time that astronomy
     does of space. Carlyle.

                                   Abysmally

   A*bys"mal*ly,  adv.  To  a  fathomless  depth;  profoundly. "Abysmally
   ignorant." G. Eliot.

                                     Abyss

   A*byss" (#), n. [L. abyssus a bottomless gulf, fr. Gr.

   1.  A bottomless or unfathomed depth, gulf, or chasm; hence, any deep,
   immeasurable, and, specifically, hell, or the bottomless pit.

     Ye powers and spirits of this nethermost abyss. Milton.

     The throne is darkness, in the abyss of light. Dryden.

   2. Infinite time; a vast intellectual or moral depth.

     The abysses of metaphysical theology. Macaulay.

     In unfathomable abysses of disgrace. Burke.

   3. (Her.) The center of an escutcheon.

     NOTE: &hand; This word, in its leading uses, is associated with the
     cosmological notions of the Hebrews, having reference to a supposed
     illimitable mass of waters from which our earth sprung, and beneath
     whose profound depths the wicked were punished.

   Encyc. Brit.

                                    Abyssal

   A*byss"al  (#),  a.  [Cf.  Abysmal.]  Belonging  to, or resembling, an
   abyss;  unfathomable.  Abyssal zone (Phys. Geog.), one of the belts or
   zones  into  which  Sir  E.  Forbes  divides  the bottom of the sea in
   describing  its  plants, animals, etc. It is the one furthest from the
   shore,  embracing  all beyond one hundred fathoms deep. Hence, abyssal
   animals, plants, etc.
   
                                  Abyssinian
                                       
   Ab`ys*sin"i*an (#), a. Of or pertaining to Abyssinia. Abyssinian gold,
   an alloy of 90.74 parts of copper and 8.33 parts of zink. Ure.

                                  Abyssinian

   Ab`ys*sin"i*an, n.

   1. A native of Abyssinia.

   2. A member of the Abyssinian Church.

                                    Acacia

   A*ca"ci*a  (#),  n. (Antiq.) A roll or bag, filled with dust, borne by
   Byzantine  emperors,  as  a memento of mortality. It is represented on
   medals.

                                    Acacia

   A*ca"cia  (#),  n.; pl. E. Acacias (#), L. Acaci\'91 (#). [L. from Gr.
   ak to be sharp. See Acute.]

   1.  A  genus  of  leguminous  trees and shrubs. Nearly 300 species are
   Australian  or  Polynesian,  and  have terete or vertically compressed
   leaf stalks, instead of the bipinnate leaves of the much fewer species
   of America, Africa, etc. Very few are found in temperate climates.

   2.  (Med.)  The  inspissated  juice  of  several species of acacia; --
   called also gum acacia, and gum arabic.

                                Acacin, Acacine

   Ac"a*cin, Ac"a*cine (#), n. Gum arabic.

                                    Academe

   Ac`a*deme"  (#),  n.  [L. academia. See Academy.] An academy. [Poetic]
   Shak.

                                   Academial

   Ac`a*de"mi*al (#), a. Academic. [R.]

                                   Academian

   Ac`a*de"mi*an (#), n. A member of an academy, university, or college.

                             Academic, Academical

   Ac`a*dem"ic  (#),  Ac`a*dem"ic*al  (#),  a.  [L.  academicus:  cf.  F.
   acad\'82migue. See Academy.]

   1.  Belonging  to  the school or philosophy of Plato; as, the Academic
   sect or philosophy.

   2.  Belonging  to  an academy or other higher institution of learning;
   scholarly;  literary  or  classical,  in  distinction from scientific.
   "Academic courses." Warburton. "Academical study." Berkeley.

                                   Academic

   Ac`a*dem"ic, n.

   1.  One  holding  the  philosophy  of Socrates and Plato; a Platonist.
   Hume.

   2. A member of an academy, college, or university; an academician.

                                 Academically

   Ac`a*dem`ic*al*ly, adv. In an academical manner.

                                  Academicals

   Ac`a*dem"ic*als  (#), n. pl. The articles of dress prescribed and worn
   at some colleges and universities.

                                  Academician

   Ac`a*de*mi"cian (#; 277), n. [F. acad\'82micien. See Academy.]

   1.  A  member of an academy, or society for promoting science, art, or
   literature, as of the French Academy, or the Royal Academy of arts.

   2. A collegian. [R.] Chesterfield.

                                  Academicism

   Ac`a*dem"i*cism (#), n.

   1. A tenet of the Academic philosophy.

   2. A mannerism or mode peculiar to an academy.

                                   Academism

   A*cad"e*mism  (#), n. The doctrines of the Academic philosophy. [Obs.]
   Baxter.

                                   Academist

   A*cad"e*mist (#), n. [F. academiste.]

   1. An Academic philosopher.

   2. An academician. [Obs.] Ray.

                                    Academy

   A*cad"e*my  (#),  n.; pl. Academies (#). [F. acad\'82mie, L. academia.
   Cf. Academe.]

   1.  A  garden  or grove near Athens (so named from the hero Academus),
   where  Plato  and  his followers held their philosophical conferences;
   hence, the school of philosophy of which Plato was head.

   2.  An  institution  for  the study of higher learning; a college or a
   university.  Popularly,  a  school, or seminary of learning, holding a
   rank between a college and a common school.

   3. A place of training; a school. "Academies of fanaticism." Hume.

   4. A society of learned men united for the advancement of the arts and
   sciences,  and  literature, or some particular art or science; as, the
   French  Academy;  the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; academies
   of literature and philology.

   5.  A school or place of training in which some special art is taught;
   as,  the military academy at West Point; a riding academy; the Academy
   of Music.
   Academy  figure  (Paint.), a drawing usually half life-size, in crayon
   or pencil, after a nude model.

                                    Acadian

   A*ca"di*an  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  Acadie,  or Nova Scotia.
   "Acadian farmers." Longfellow. -- n. A native of Acadie. Acadian epoch
   (Geol.), an epoch at the beginning of the American paleozoic time, and
   including  the  oldest  American  rocks known to be fossiliferous. See
   Geology.  --  Acadian  owl  (Zo\'94l.),  a  small  North  American owl
   (Nyctule Acadica); the saw-whet.

                                    Acajou

   Ac"a*jou  (#),  n.  [F. See Cashew.] (Bot.) (a) The cashew tree; also,
   its fruit. See Cashew. (b) The mahogany tree; also, its timber.

                              Acaleph, Acalephan

   Ac"a*leph  (#), Ac`a*le"phan (#) n.; pl. Acalephs (#), Acalephans (#).
   [See Acaleph\'91.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Acaleph\'91.

                                  Acaleph\'91

   Ac`a*le"ph\'91  (#),  n. pl. [NL., from Gr. A group of C\'d2lenterata,
   including  the  Medus\'91  or  jellyfishes, and hydroids; -- so called
   from the stinging power they possess. Sometimes called sea nettles.

                                  Acalephoid

   Ac`ale"phoid  (#),  a.  [Acaleph  +  -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to or
   resembling the Acaleph\'91 or jellyfishes.

                            Acalycine, Acalysinous

   A*cal"y*cine (#), Ac`a*lys`i*nous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Without a calyx,
   or outer floral envelope.

                                    Acanth

   A*canth" (#), n. Same as Acanthus.

                                    Acantha

   A*can"tha (#), n. [Gr. Acute.]

   1. (Bot.) A prickle.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) A spine or prickly fin.

   3.  (Anat.)  The  vertebral column; the spinous process of a vertebra.
   Dunglison.

                                 Acanthaceous

   Ac"an*tha"ceous (#), a.

   1. Armed with prickles, as a plant.

   2.  (Bot.)  Of,  pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of
   which the acanthus is the type.
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                                   Acanthine

   A*can"thine  (#), a. [L. acanthinus, Gr. Acanthus.] Of, pertaining to,
   or resembling, the plant acanthus.

                                Acanthocarpous

   A*can`tho*car"pous  (#),  a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having the fruit covered with
   spines.

                                Acanthocephala

   A*can`tho*ceph"a*la  (#),  n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   intestinal worms, having the proboscis armed with recurved spines.

                               Acanthocephalous

   A*can`tho*ceph"a*lous  (#),  a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a spiny head, as one
   of the Acanthocephala.

                                Acanthophorous

   Ac`an*thoph"o*rous (#), a. [Gr. Spine-bearing. Gray.

                                Acanthopodious

   A*can`tho*po"di*ous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having spinous petioles.

                                 Acanthopteri

   Ac`an*thop"ter*i  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   teleostean fishes having spiny fins. See Acanthopterygii.

                                Acanthopterous

   Ac`an*thop"ter*ous (#), a. [Gr.

   1. (Zo\'94l.) Spiny-winged.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) Acanthopterygious.

                               Acanthopterygian

   Ac`an*thop`ter*yg"i*an  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the order of
   fishes having spinose fins, as the perch. -- n. A spiny-finned fish.

                                Acanthopterygii

   Ac`an*thop`ter*yg"i*i  (#),  n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order
   of  fishes  having  some  of the rays of the dorsal, ventral, and anal
   fins unarticulated and spinelike, as the perch.

                               Acanthopterygious

   Ac`an*thop`ter*yg"i*ous  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.) Having fins in which the
   rays are hard and spinelike; spiny-finned.

                                   Acanthus

   A*can"thus  (#),  n.; pl. E. Acanthuses (#), L. Acanthi (#). [L., from
   Gr. Acantha.]

   1.  (Bot.) A genus of herbaceous prickly plants, found in the south of
   Europe, Asia Minor, and India; bear's-breech.

   2.  (Arch.)  An  ornament  resembling  the  foliage  or  leaves of the
   acanthus   (Acanthus  spinosus);  --  used  in  the  capitals  of  the
   Corinthian and Composite orders.

                                  A cappella

   A  cap*pel"la  (#).  [It.  See Chapel.] (Mus.) (a) In church or chapel
   style;  --  said of compositions sung in the old church style, without
   instrumental accompaniment; as, a mass a capella, i. e., a mass purely
   vocal. (b) A time indication, equivalent to alla breve.

                                   Acapsular

   A*cap"su*lar  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not  + capsular.] (Bot.) Having no
   capsule.

                                   Acardiac

   A*car"di*ac (#), a. [Gr. Without a heart; as, an acardiac fetus.

                                   Acaridan

   A*car"i*dan  (#),  n.  [See  Acarus.]  (Zo\'94l.)  One  of  a group of
   arachnids, including the mites and ticks.

                                    Acarina

   Ac`a*ri"na  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  from  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  The  group of
   Arachnida  which  includes  the  mites  and  ticks.  Many  species are
   parasitic, and cause diseases like the itch and mange.

                                    Acarine

   Ac"a*rine  (#),  a. (Med.) Of or caused by acari or mites; as, acarine
   diseases.

                                    Acaroid

   Ac"a*roid  (#), a. [NL., acarus a mite + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Shaped like
   or resembling a mite.

                                  Acarpellous

   Ac`ar*pel"lous  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not  + carpel.] (Bot.) Having no
   carpels.

                                   Acarpous

   A*car"pous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Not producing fruit; unfruitful.

                                    Acarus

   Ac"a*rus  (#),  n.;  pl.  Acari (#). [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus
   including many species of small mites.

                                  Acatalectic

   A*cat`a*lec"tic  (#), a. [L. acatalecticus, Gr. (Pros.) Not defective;
   complete;  as,  an  acatalectic  verse.  --  n.  A verse which has the
   complete number of feet and syllables.

                                  Acatalepsy

   A*cat"a*lep`sy   (#),  n.  [Gr.  Incomprehensibility  of  things;  the
   doctrine   held  by  the  ancient  Skeptic  philosophers,  that  human
   knowledge never amounts to certainty, but only to probability.

                                  Acataleptic

   A*cat`a*lep"tic   (#),   a.  [Gr.  Incapable  of  being  comprehended;
   incomprehensible.

                                    Acater

   A*ca"ter (#), n. See Caterer. [Obs.]

                                    Acates

   A*cates" (#), n. pl. See Cates. [Obs.]

                                   Acaudate

   A*cau"date (#), a. [Pref. a- not + caudate.] Tailless.

                                  Acaulescent

   Ac`au*les"cent  (#),  a. [Pref. a- not + caulescent.] (Bot.) Having no
   stem  or  caulis,  or  only  a very short one concealed in the ground.
   Gray.

                                   Acauline

   A*cau"line   (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not  +  cauline.]  (Bot.)  Same  as
   Acaulescent.

                              Acaulose, Acaulous

   A*cau"lose  (#),  A*cau"lous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  caulis stalk. See Cole.]
   (Bot.) Same as Acaulescent.

                                   Accadian

   Ac*ca"di*an  (#), a. [From the city Accad. See Gen. x. 10.] Pertaining
   to  a  race  supposed  to  have lived in Babylonia before the Assyrian
   conquest. -- Ac*ca"di*an, n., Ac"cad (#), n. Sayce.

                                    Accede

   Ac*cede"  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Acceded; p. pr. & vb. n. Acceding.]
   [L.  accedere  to approach, accede; ad + cedere to move, yield: cf. F.
   acc\'82dere. See Cede.]

   1. To approach; to come forward; -- opposed to recede. [Obs.] T. Gale.

   2. To enter upon an office or dignity; to attain.

     Edward  IV.,  who  had  acceded  to the throne in the year 1461. T.
     Warton.

     If Frederick had acceded to the supreme power. Morley.

   3.  To  become  a party by associating one's self with others; to give
   one's adhesion. Hence, to agree or assent to a proposal or a view; as,
   he acceded to my request.

     The  treaty  of Hanover in 1725 . . . to which the Dutch afterwards
     acceded. Chesterfield.

   Syn. -- To agree; assent; consent; comply; acquiesce; concur.

                                   Accedence

   Ac*ced"ence (#), n. The act of acceding.

                                    Acceder

   Ac*ced"er (#), n. One who accedes.

                                  Accelerando

   Ac*cel`er*an"do  (#),  a.  [It.]  (Mus.)  Gradually  accelerating  the
   movement.

                                  Accelerate

   Ac*cel"er*ate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accelerated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Accelerating.] [L. acceleratus, p. p. of accelerare; ad + celerare
   to hasten; celer quick. See Celerity.]

   1.  To  cause  to move faster; to quicken the motion of; to add to the
   speed of; -- opposed to retard.

   2.  To  quicken the natural or ordinary progression or process of; as,
   to accelerate the growth of a plant, the increase of wealth, etc.

   3.  To  hasten,  as  the  occurence of an event; as, to accelerate our
   departure.
   Accelerated  motion  (Mech.),  motion  with  a  continually increasing
   velocity.  --  Accelerating  force, the force which causes accelerated
   motion.  Nichol.  Syn.  --  To  hasten;  expedite;  quicken; dispatch;
   forward; advance; further.

                                 Acceleration

   Ac*cel`er*a"tion  (#), n. [L. acceleratio: cf. F. acc\'82l\'82ration.]
   The  act  of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase
   of motion or action; as, a falling body moves toward the earth with an
   acceleration of velocity; -- opposed to retardation.

     A  period  of  social  improvement, or of intellectual advancement,
     contains within itself a principle of acceleration. I. Taylor.

   (Astr.  &  Physics.)  Acceleration  of  the  moon, the increase of the
   moon's mean motion in its orbit, in consequence of which its period of
   revolution  is  now shorter than in ancient times. -- Acceleration and
   retardation  of the tides. See Priming of the tides, under Priming. --
   Diurnal  acceleration  of  the  fixed stars, the amount by which their
   apparent  diurnal  motion  exceeds  that of the sun, in consequence of
   which they daily come to the meridian of any place about three minutes
   fifty-six  seconds of solar time earlier than on the day preceding. --
   Acceleration  of the planets, the increasing velocity of their motion,
   in proceeding from the apogee to the perigee of their orbits.

                                 Accelerative

   Ac*cel"er*a*tive (#), a. Relating to acceleration; adding to velocity;
   quickening. Reid.

                                  Accelerator

   Ac*cel"er*a`tor  (#),  n. One who, or that which, accelerates. Also as
   an adj.; as, accelerator nerves.

                                 Acceleratory

   Ac*cel"er*a*to*ry (#), a. Accelerative.

                                 Accelerograph

   Ac*cel"er*o*graph  (#),  n. [Accelerate + -graph.] (Mil.) An apparatus
   for studying the combustion of powder in guns, etc.

                                 Accelerometer

   Ac*cel`er*om"e*ter  (#),  n.  [Accelerate  + -meter.] An apparatus for
   measuring the velocity imparted by gunpowder.

                                    Accend

   Ac*cend"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  accendere,  accensum,  to  kindle;  ad  +
   cand\'cbre  to  kindle  (only  in compounds); rel. to cand\'c7re to be
   white,  to  gleam.  See  Candle.]  To  set  on fire; to kindle. [Obs.]
   Fotherby.

                                 Accendibility

   Ac*cend`i*bil"i*ty  (#),  n. Capacity of being kindled, or of becoming
   inflamed; inflammability.

                                  Accendible

   Ac*cend"i*ble   (#),   a.   Capable  of  being  inflamed  or  kindled;
   combustible; inflammable. Ure.

                                   Accension

   Ac*cen"sion (#), n. The act of kindling or the state of being kindled;
   ignition. Locke.

                                   Accensor

   Ac*cen"sor (#), n. [LL., from p. p. accensus. See Accend.] (R. C. Ch.)
   One of the functionaries who light and trim the tapers.

                                    Accent

   Ac"cent`  (#),  n.  [F.  accent,  L.  accentus; ad + cantus a singing,
   canere to sing. See Cant.]

   1.  A  superior  force  of  voice  or of articulative effort upon some
   particular  syllable of a word or a phrase, distinguishing it from the
   others.

     NOTE: &hand; Ma ny En glish words have two accents, the primary and
     the  secondary;  the primary being uttered with a greater stress of
     voice than the secondary; as in as\'b7pira\'b6tion, where the chief
     stress  is  on  the  third  syllable,  and a slighter stress on the
     first.      Some     words,     as     an\'b7tiap\'b7o-plec\'b6tic,
     in-com\'b7pre-hen\'b7si-bil\'b6i-ty,  have  two  secondary accents.
     See Guide to Pron., \'c5\'c5 30-46.

   2.  A  mark  or character used in writing, and serving to regulate the
   pronunciation;  esp.:  (a)  a mark to indicate the nature and place of
   the  spoken accent; (b) a mark to indicate the quality of sound of the
   vowel marked; as, the French accents.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th e ancient Greek the acute accent (\'b7) meant a
     raised  tone  or pitch, the grave (`), the level tone or simply the
     negation of accent, the circumflex ( ~ or ^) a tone raised and then
     depressed. In works on elocution, the first is often used to denote
     the  rising  inflection  of  the  voice;  the  second,  the falling
     inflection;  and  the third (^), the compound or waving inflection.
     In  dictionaries, spelling books, and the like, the acute accent is
     used  to  designate the syllable which receives the chief stress of
     voice.

   3.  Modulation  of  the  voice  in  speaking;  manner  of  speaking or
   pronouncing;  peculiar  or  characteristic  modification of the voice;
   tone; as, a foreign accent; a French or a German accent. "Beguiled you
   in a plain accent." Shak. "A perfect accent." Thackeray.

     The tender accent of a woman's cry. Prior.

   4. A word; a significant tone; (pl.) expressions in general; speech.

     Winds!  on  your  wings  to  Heaven her accents bear, Such words as
     Heaven alone is fit to hear. Dryden.

   5. (Pros.) Stress laid on certain syllables of a verse.

   6.  (Mus.)  (a) A regularly recurring stress upon the tone to mark the
   beginning,  and,  more  feebly,  the  third part of the measure. (b) A
   special  emphasis  of  a tone, even in the weaker part of the measure.
   (c)  The  rythmical  accent,  which  marks  phrases  and sections of a
   period.  (d)  The  expressive emphasis and shading of a passage. J. S.
   Dwight.

   7.  (Math.)  (a)  A  mark  placed at the right hand of a letter, and a
   little above it, to distinguish magnitudes of a similar kind expressed
   by  the  same letter, but differing in value, as y\'b7, y\'b7\'b7. (b)
   (Trigon.)  A mark at the right hand of a number, indicating minutes of
   a  degree,  seconds, etc.; as, 12\'b727\'b7\'b7, i. e., twelve minutes
   twenty  seven  seconds.  (c)  (Engin.)  A mark used to denote feet and
   inches; as, 6\'b7 10\'b7\'b7 is six feet ten inches.

                                    Accent

   Ac*cent"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Accented;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Accenting.] [OF. accenter, F. accentuer.]

   1.  To  express  the  accent of (either by the voice or by a mark); to
   utter or to mark with accent.

   2. To mark emphatically; to emphasize.

                                  Accentless

   Ac"cent`less (#), a. Without accent.

                                   Accentor

   Ac*cen"tor (#), n. [L. ad. + cantor singer, canere to sing.]

   1.  (Mus.)  One  who  sings  the leading part; the director or leader.
   [Obs.]

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  genus  of European birds (so named from their sweet
   notes),  including  the hedge warbler. In America sometimes applied to
   the water thrushes.

                                  Accentuable

   Ac*cen"tu*a*ble (#), a. Capable of being accented.

                                   Accentual

   Ac*cen"tu*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining to accent; characterized or
   formed by accent.

                                 Accentuality

   Ac*cen`tu*al"i*ty (#), n. The quality of being accentual.

                                  Accentually

   Ac*cen"tu*al*ly  (#),  adv. In an accentual manner; in accordance with
   accent.

                                  Accentuate

   Ac*cen"tu*ate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accentuated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Accentuating.]  [LL.  accentuatus,  p.  p.  of  accentuare, fr. L.
   accentus: cf. F. accentuer.]

   1. To pronounce with an accent or with accents.

   2. To bring out distinctly; to make prominent; to emphasize.

     In  Bosnia,  the  struggle  between  East  and  West  was even more
     accentuated. London Times.

   3. To mark with the written accent.

                                 Accentuation

   Ac*cen`tu*a"tion  (#),  n. [LL. accentuatio: cf. F. accentuation.] Act
   of  accentuating; applications of accent. Specifically (Eccles. Mus.),
   pitch or modulation of the voice in reciting portions of the liturgy.

                                    Accept

   Ac*cept"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Accepted;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Accepting.] [F. accepter, L. acceptare, freq. of accipere; ad + capere
   to take; akin to E. heave.]

   1.  To  receive  with  a  consenting  mind (something offered); as, to
   accept a gift; -- often followed by of.

     If you accept them, then their worth is great. Shak.

     To accept of ransom for my son. Milton.

     She accepted of a treat. Addison.

   2. To receive with favor; to approve.

     The Lord accept thy burnt sacrifice. Ps. xx. 3.

     Peradventure he will accept of me. Gen. xxxii. 20.

     3.  To  receive  or  admit and agree to; to assent to; as, I accept
     your proposal, amendment, or excuse.

     4.  To  take by the mind; to understand; as, How are these words to
     be accepted?

     5.  (Com.)  To  receive  as  obligatory  and promise to pay; as, to
     accept a bill of exchange. Bouvier.

     6.  In  a  deliberate  body,  to  receive  in acquittance of a duty
     imposed;  as,  to  accept the report of a committee. [This makes it
     the  property  of  the  body,  and  the  question  is  then  on its
     adoption.]

     To accept a bill

   (Law),  to agree (on the part of the drawee) to pay it when due. -- To
   accept  service  (Law),  to  agree  that  a  writ  or process shall be
   considered as regularly served, when it has not been. -- To accept the
   person  (Eccl.),  to show favoritism. "God accepteth no man's person."
   Gal. ii. 6. Syn. -- To receive; take; admit. See Receive.
   
                                    Accept
                                       
   Ac*cept", a. Accepted. [Obs.] Shak.
   
                                 Acceptability
                                       
   Ac*cept`a*bil"i*ty  (#), n. [LL. acceptabilitas.] The quality of being
   acceptable;   acceptableness.   "Acceptability  of  repentance."  Jer.
   Taylor.
   
                                  Acceptable
                                       
   Ac*cept"a*ble (#), a. [F. acceptable, L. acceptabilis, fr. acceptare.]
   Capable,  worthy, or sure of being accepted or received with pleasure;
   pleasing  to  a  receiver;  gratifying;  agreeable;  welcome;  as,  an
   acceptable present, one acceptable to us. 

                                Acceptableness

   Ac*cept"a*ble*ness  (#),  n.  The  quality  of  being  acceptable,  or
   suitable to be favorably received; acceptability.

                                  Acceptably

   Ac*cept"a*bly,  adv. In an acceptable manner; in a manner to please or
   give satisfaction.

                                  Acceptance

   Ac*cept"ance (#), n.

   1.   The   act  of  accepting;  a  receiving  what  is  offered,  with
   approbation, satisfaction, or acquiescence; esp., favorable reception;
   approval; as, the acceptance of a gift, office, doctrine, etc.

     They shall come up with acceptance on mine altar. Isa. lx. 7.

   2.  State  of  being  accepted;  acceptableness.  "Makes it assured of
   acceptance." Shak.

   3. (Com.) (a) An assent and engagement by the person on whom a bill of
   exchange  is  drawn,  to pay it when due according to the terms of the
   acceptance. (b) The bill itself when accepted.

   4.  An  agreeing to terms or proposals by which a bargain is concluded
   and  the  parties are bound; the reception or taking of a thing bought
   as that for which it was bought, or as that agreed to be delivered, or
   the taking possession as owner.

   5. (Law) An agreeing to the action of another, by some act which binds
   the person in law.

     NOTE: &hand; Wh at acts shall amount to such an acceptance is often
     a question of great nicety and difficulty. Mozley & W.

   <-- p. 11 -->

     NOTE: &hand; In  mo dern la w, pr oposal an d ac ceptance ar e th e
     constituent elements into which all contracts are resolved.

   Acceptance  of  a  bill  of  exchange,  check,  draft, OR order, is an
   engagement  to  pay  it  according  to  the  terms. This engagement is
   usually  made  by  writing  the word "accepted" across the face of the
   bill.  Acceptance  of  goods,  under  the  statute  of  frauds,  is an
   intelligent   acceptance   by  a  party  knowing  the  nature  of  the
   transaction.

   6. Meaning; acceptation. [Obs.]
   Acceptance of persons, partiality, favoritism. See under Accept.

                                  Acceptancy

   Ac*cept"an*cy (#), n. Acceptance. [R.]

     Here's  a  proof  of gift, But here's no proof, sir, of acceptancy.
     Mrs. Browning.

                                   Acceptant

   Ac*cept"ant (#), a. Accepting; receiving.

                                   Acceptant

   Ac*cept"ant, n. An accepter. Chapman.

                                  Acceptation

   Ac`cep*ta"tion (#), n.

   1.  Acceptance;  reception;  favorable  reception  or regard; state of
   being acceptable. [Obs.]

     This is saying worthy of all acceptation. 1 Tim. i. 15.

     Some  things  .  .  .  are  notwithstanding of so great dignity and
     acceptation with God. Hooker.

   2.  The  meaning  in  which  a  word  or  expression is understood, or
   generally  received;  as,  term  is  to be used according to its usual
   acceptation.

     My words, in common acceptation, Could never give this provocation.
     Gay.

                                  Acceptedly

   Ac*cept"ed*ly (#), adv. In a accepted manner; admittedly.

                                   Accepter

   Ac*cept"er (#), n.

   1. A person who accepts; a taker.

   2. A respecter; a viewer with partiality. [Obs.]

     God is no accepter of persons. Chillingworth.

   3. (Law) An acceptor.

                                 Acceptilation

   Ac*cep`ti*la"tion  (#), n. [L. acceptilatio entry of a debt collected,
   acquittance,  fr.  p.  p. of accipere (cf. Accept) + latio a carrying,
   fr. latus, p. p. of ferre to carry: cf. F. acceptilation.] (Civil Law)
   Gratuitous  discharge;  a  release  from  debt  or  obligation without
   payment; free remission.

                                   Acception

   Ac*cep"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  acceptio  a  receiving,  accepting: cf. F.
   acception.] Acceptation; the received meaning. [Obs.]

     Here  the word "baron" is not to be taken in that restrictive sense
     to which the modern acception hath confined it. Fuller.

   Acception  of persons or faces (Eccl.), favoritism; partiality. [Obs.]
   Wyclif.

                                   Acceptive

   Ac*cept"ive (#), a.

   1. Fit for acceptance.

   2. Ready to accept. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

                                   Acceptor

   Ac*cept"or  (#;  277),  n.  [L.]  One who accepts; specifically (Law &
   Com.),  one who accepts an order or a bill of exchange; a drawee after
   he has accepted.

                                    Access

   Ac*cess"  (#;  277),  n.  [F. acc\'8as, L. accessus, fr. accedere. See
   Accede.]

   1.   A   coming   to,   or   near   approach;  admittance;  admission;
   accessibility; as, to gain access to a prince.

     I did repel his letters, and denied His access to me. Shak.

   2.  The  means,  place,  or  way  by  which a thing may be approached;
   passage  way;  as,  the  access  is by a neck of land. "All access was
   thronged." Milton.

   3. Admission to sexual intercourse.

     During  coverture,  access of the husband shall be presumed, unless
     the contrary be shown. Blackstone.

   4.  Increase by something added; addition; as, an access of territory.
   [In this sense accession is more generally used.]

     I, from the influence of thy looks, receive Access in every virtue.
     Milton.

   5. An onset, attack, or fit of disease.

     The first access looked like an apoplexy. Burnet.

   6.  A  paroxysm; a fit of passion; an outburst; as, an access of fury.
   [A Gallicism]

                                  Accessarily

   Ac*ces"sa*ri*ly (#), adv. In the manner of an accessary.

                                 Accessariness

   Ac*ces"sa*ri*ness, n. The state of being accessary.

                                   Accessary

   Ac*ces"sa*ry  (#; 277), a. Accompanying, as a subordinate; additional;
   accessory;  esp.,  uniting in, or contributing to, a crime, but not as
   chief actor. See Accessory.

     To both their deaths thou shalt be accessary. Shak.

     Amongst  many secondary and accessary causes that support monarchy,
     these are not of least reckoning. Milton.

                                   Accessary

   Ac*ces"sa*ry  (277),  n.;  pl. Accessaries (#). [Cf. Accessory and LL.
   accessarius.]  (Law)  One  who,  not  being present, contributes as an
   assistant  or  instigator  to  the commission of an offense. Accessary
   before  the  fact  (Law), one who commands or counsels an offense, not
   being present at its commission. -- Accessary after the fact, one who,
   after  an offense, assists or shelters the offender, not being present
   at the commission of the offense.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd, as  us ed in  la w, is spelt accessory by
     Blackstone and many others; but in this sense is spelt accessary by
     Bouvier,  Burrill,  Burns, Whishaw, Dane, and the Penny Cyclopedia;
     while  in  other senses it is spelt accessory. In recent text-books
     on  criminal  law  the  distinction  is not preserved, the spelling
     being either accessary or accessory.

                                 Accessibility

   Ac*cess`i*bil"i*ty    (#),    n.    [L.    accessibilitas:    cf.   F.
   accessibilit\'82.]  The  quality  of being accessible, or of admitting
   approach; receptibility. Langhorne.

                                  Accessible

   Ac*cess"i*ble   (#),   a.  [L.  accessibilis,  fr.  accedere:  cf.  F.
   accessible. See Accede.]

   1. Easy of access or approach; approachable; as, an accessible town or
   mountain, an accessible person.

   2. Open to the influence of; -- with to. "Minds accessible to reason."
   Macaulay.

   3. Obtainable; to be got at.

     The best information . . . at present accessible. Macaulay.

                                  Accessibly

   Ac*cess"i*bly (#), adv. In an accessible manner.

                                   Accession

   Ac*ces"sion  (#), n. [L. accessio, fr. accedere: cf. F. accession. See
   Accede.]

   1.  A coming to; the act of acceding and becoming joined; as, a king's
   accession to a confederacy.

   2. Increase by something added; that which is added; augmentation from
   without; as, an accession of wealth or territory.

     The only accession which the Roman empire received was the province
     of Britain. Gibbon.

   3.  (Law)  (a)  A  mode of acquiring property, by which the owner of a
   corporeal substance which receives an addition by growth, or by labor,
   has  a  right to the part or thing added, or the improvement (provided
   the thing is not changed into a different species). Thus, the owner of
   a  cow  becomes  the owner of her calf. (b) The act by which one power
   becomes  party  to  engagements already in force between other powers.
   Kent.

   4.  The  act of coming to or reaching a throne, an office, or dignity;
   as, the accession of the house of Stuart; -- applied especially to the
   epoch of a new dynasty.

   5.  (Med.) The invasion, approach, or commencement of a disease; a fit
   or paroxysm. Syn. -- Increase; addition; augmentation; enlargement.

                                  Accessional

   Ac*ces"sion*al  (#),  a. Pertaining to accession; additional. [R.] Sir
   T. Browne.

                                   Accessive

   Ac*ces"sive (#), a. Additional.

                                  Accessorial

   Ac`ces*so"ri*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  an  accessory;  as,
   accessorial agency, accessorial guilt.

                                  Accessorily

   Ac*ces"so*ri*ly (#), adv. In the manner of an accessory; auxiliary.

                                 Accessoriness

   Ac*ces"so*ri*ness,  n.  The  state  of  being  accessory, or connected
   subordinately.

                                   Accessory

   Ac*ces"so*ry  (#;  277),  a.  [L.  accessorius.  See  Access,  and cf.
   Accessary.]  Accompanying as a subordinate; aiding in a secondary way;
   additional;  connected  as  an incident or subordinate to a principal;
   contributing or contributory; said of persons and things, and, when of
   persons,  usually  in  a  bad sense; as, he was accessory to the riot;
   accessory sounds in music.

     NOTE: &hand; As h accents the antepenult; and this is not only more
     regular,  but  preferable, on account of easiness of pronunciation.
     Most orho\'89pists place the accent on the first syllable.

   Syn.    --    Accompanying;   contributory;   auxiliary;   subsidiary;
   subservient; additional; acceding.

                                   Accessory

   Ac*ces"so*ry, n.; pl. Accessories (#).

   1.  That  which  belongs  to  something  else  deemed  the  principal;
   something additional and subordinate. "The aspect and accessories of a
   den of banditti." Carlyle.

   2. (Law) Same as Accessary, n.

   3.  (Fine  Arts) Anything that enters into a work of art without being
   indispensably  necessary,  as  mere  ornamental  parts. Elmes. Syn. --
   Abettor; accomplice; ally; coadjutor. See Abettor.

                                 Acciaccatura

   Ac*ciac`ca*tu"ra  (#),  n.  [It.,  from acciaccare to crush.] (Mus.) A
   short grace note, one semitone below the note to which it is prefixed;
   -- used especially in organ music. Now used as equivalent to the short
   appoggiatura.

                                   Accidence

   Ac"ci*dence  (#), n. [A corruption of Eng. accidents, pl. of accident.
   See Accident, 2.]

   1.  The  accidents, of inflections of words; the rudiments of grammar.
   Milton.

   2. The rudiments of any subject. Lowell.

                                   Accident

   Ac"ci*dent  (#),  n. [F. accident, fr. L. accidens, -dentis, p. pr. of
   accidere to happen; ad + cadere to fall. See Cadence, Case.]

   1.  Literally,  a  befalling;  an event that takes place without one's
   foresight or expectation; an undesigned, sudden, and unexpected event;
   chance; contingency; often, an undesigned and unforeseen occurrence of
   an  afflictive  or unfortunate character; a casualty; a mishap; as, to
   die by an accident.

     Of moving accidents by flood and field. Shak.

     Thou  cam'st not to thy place by accident: It is the very place God
     meant for thee. Trench.

   2.  (Gram.) A property attached to a word, but not essential to it, as
   gender, number, case.

   3.  (Her.)  A point or mark which may be retained or omitted in a coat
   of arms.

   4.  (Log.) (a) A property or quality of a thing which is not essential
   to it, as whiteness in paper; an attribute. (b) A quality or attribute
   in distinction from the substance, as sweetness, softness.

   5.  Any  accidental  property,  fact,  or  relation;  an accidental or
   nonessential; as, beauty is an accident.

     This  accident,  as  I call it, of Athens being situated some miles
     from the sea. J. P. Mahaffy.

   6. Unusual appearance or effect. [Obs.] Chaucer.

     NOTE: &hand; Ac cident, in  La w, is  eq uivalent to casus, or such
     unforeseen, extraordinary, extraneous interference as is out of the
     range of ordinary calculation.

                                  Accidental

   Ac`ci*den"tal (#), a. [Cf. F. accidentel, earlier accidental.]

   1. Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not according to
   the  usual  course  of  things;  casual; fortuitous; as, an accidental
   visit.

   2.   Nonessential;   not  necessary  belonging;  incidental;  as,  are
   accidental to a play.
   Accidental  chords  (Mus.),  those  which  contain  one  or more tones
   foreign  to  their proper harmony. -- Accidental colors (Opt.), colors
   depending  on  the  hypersensibility  of  the  retina  of  the eye for
   complementary  colors.  They are purely subjective sensations of color
   which  often result from the contemplation of actually colored bodies.
   --  Accidental  point (Persp.), the point in which a right line, drawn
   from  the  eye,  parallel  to a given right line, cuts the perspective
   plane;  so called to distinguish it from the principal point, or point
   of  view,  where  a  line  drawn  from  the  eye  perpendicular to the
   perspective  plane  meets  this  plane. -- Accidental lights (Paint.),
   secondary  lights; effects of light other than ordinary daylight, such
   as  the rays of the sun darting through a cloud, or between the leaves
   of  trees;  the  effect  of moonlight, candlelight, or burning bodies.
   Fairholt.   Syn.   --   Casual;  fortuitous;  contingent;  occasional;
   adventitious.   --   Accidental,   Incidental,   Casual,   Fortuitous,
   Contingent.  We speak of a thing as accidental when it falls out as by
   chance,  and  not  in  the regular course of things; as, an accidental
   meeting, an accidental advantage, etc. We call a thing incidental when
   it  falls,  as  it  were,  into  some regular course of things, but is
   secondary,  and  forms  no  essential part thereof; as, an incremental
   remark, an incidental evil, an incidental benefit. We speak of a thing
   as  casual,  when it falls out or happens, as it were, by mere chance,
   without  being  prearranged  or  premeditated;  as, a casual remark or
   encounter;  a  casual observer. An idea of the unimportant is attached
   to  what  is  casual. Fortuitous is applied to what occurs without any
   known  cause,  and  in  opposition  to  what  has been foreseen; as, a
   fortuitous  concourse  of atoms. We call a thing contingent when it is
   such  that,  considered  in  itself,  it may or may not happen, but is
   dependent  for  its  existence  on  something else; as, the time of my
   coming will be contingent on intelligence yet to be received.

                                  Accidental

   Ac`ci*den"tal (#), n.

   1.  A  property  which  is  not  essential;  a  nonessential; anything
   happening accidentally.

     He  conceived  it  just that accidentals . . . should sink with the
     substance of the accusation. Fuller.

   2.  pl.  (Paint.)  Those  fortuitous effects produced by luminous rays
   falling  on certain objects so that some parts stand forth in abnormal
   brightness and other parts are cast into a deep shadow.

   3. (Mus.) A sharp, flat, or natural, occurring not at the commencement
   of a piece of music as the signature, but before a particular note.

                                 Accidentalism

   Ac`ci*den"tal*ism (#), n. Accidental character or effect. Ruskin.

                                 Accidentality

   Ac`ci*den*tal"i*ty   (#),   n.   The   quality  of  being  accidental;
   accidentalness. [R.] Coleridge.

                                 Accidentally

   Ac`ci*den"tal*ly  (#),  adv. In an accidental manner; unexpectedly; by
   chance; unintentionally; casually; fortuitously; not essentially.

                                Accidentalness

   Ac`ci*den"tal*ness, n. The quality of being accidental; casualness.

                                    Accidie

   Ac"ci*die  (#),  n. [OF. accide, accidie, LL. accidia, acedia, fr. Gr.
   Sloth; torpor. [Obs.] "The sin of accidie." Chaucer.

                                  Accipenser

   Ac`ci*pen"ser (#), n. See Acipenser.

                                   Accipient

   Ac*cip"i*ent (#), n. [L. accipiens, p. pr. of accipere. See Accept.] A
   receiver. [R.] Bailey

                                   Accipiter

   Ac*cip"i*ter  (#),  n.; pl. E. Accipiters (#). L. Accipitres (#). [L.,
   hawk.]

   1.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  genus  of rapacious birds; one of the Accipitres or
   Raptores.

   2.  (Surg.)  A bandage applied over the nose, resembling the claw of a
   hawk.

                                  Accipitral

   Ac*cip"i*tral  (#), n. Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a falcon or
   hawk; hawklike. Lowell.

                                  Accipitres

   Ac*cip"i*tres  (#),  n.  pl.  [L.,  hawks.]  (Zo\'94l.) The order that
   includes rapacious birds. They have a hooked bill, and sharp, strongly
   curved  talons. There are three families, represented by the vultures,
   the falcons or hawks, and the owls.

                                  Accipitrine

   Ac*cip"i*trine  (#;  277),  a. [Cf. F. accipitrin.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or
   belonging to the Accipitres; raptorial; hawklike.

                                   Accismus

   Ac*cis"mus (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) Affected refusal; coyness.

                                    Accite

   Ac*cite" (#), v. t. [L. accitus, p. p. of accire, accere, to call for;
   ad + ciere to move, call. See Cite.] To cite; to summon. [Obs.]

     Our  heralds  now  accited  all  that were Endamaged by the Elians.
     Chapman.

                                    Acclaim

   Ac*claim"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  acclamare;  ad + clamare to cry out. See
   Claim, Clamor.] [R.]

   1. To applaud. "A glad acclaiming train." Thomson.

   2. To declare by acclamations.

     While the shouting crowd Acclaims thee king of traitors. Smollett.

   3. To shout; as, to acclaim my joy.

                                    Acclaim

   Ac*claim", v. i. To shout applause.

                                    Acclaim

   Ac*claim", n. Acclamation. [Poetic] Milton.

                                   Acclaimer

   Ac*claim"er (#), n. One who acclaims.

                                  Acclamation

   Ac`cla*ma"tion (#), n. [L. acclamatio: cf. F. acclamation.]

   1.  A  shout  of  approbation,  favor,  or assent; eager expression of
   approval; loud applause.

     On  such  a  day,  a  holiday  having been voted by acclamation, an
     ordinary walk would not satisfy the children. Southey.

   2.  (Antiq.)  A  representation,  in sculpture or on medals, of people
   expressing joy.
   Acclamation  medals  are  those  on  which  laudatory acclamations are
   recorded. Elmes.

                                  Acclamatory

   Ac*clam"a*to*ry  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to,  or expressing approval by,
   acclamation.

                                 Acclimatable

   Ac*cli"ma*ta*ble (#), a. Capable of being acclimated.

                                 Acclimatation

   Ac*cli`ma*ta"tion   (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  acclimation.  See  Acclimate.]
   Acclimatization.

                                   Acclimate

   Ac*cli"mate (#; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acclimated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Acclimating.]  [F.  acclimater; \'85 (l. ad) + climat climate. See
   Climate.]  To habituate to a climate not native; to acclimatize. J. H.
   Newman.

                                 Acclimatement

   Ac*cli"mate*ment (#), n. Acclimation. [R.]

                                  Acclimation

   Ac`cli*ma"tion (#), n. The process of becoming, or the state of being,
   acclimated, or habituated to a new climate; acclimatization.

                                Acclimatizable

   Ac*cli"ma*ti`za*ble (#), a. Capable of being acclimatized.
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                                Acclimatization

   Ac*cli"ma*ti*za"tion  (#), n. The act of acclimatizing; the process of
   inuring to a new climate, or the state of being so inured. Darwin.

                                  Acclimatize

   Ac*cli"ma*tize (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acclimatized (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Acclimatizing  (#).]  To inure or habituate to a climate different
   from that which is natural; to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign
   or strange climate; said of man, the inferior animals, or plants.

                                  Acclimature

   Ac*cli"ma*ture  (#;  135),  n. The act of acclimating, or the state of
   being acclimated. [R.] Caldwell.

                                    Acclive

   Ac*clive" (#), a. Acclivous. [Obs.]

                                 Accliffitous

   Ac*cliff"i*tous (#), a. Acclivous. I. Taylor.

                                   Acclivity

   Ac*cliv"i*ty,  n.;  pl. Acclivities (#). [L. acclivitas, fr. acclivis,
   acclivus,  ascending; ad + clivus a hill, slope, fr. root kli to lean.
   See Lean.] A slope or inclination of the earth, as the side of a hill,
   considered as ascending, in opposition to declivity, or descending; an
   upward slope; ascent.

                                   Acclivous

   Ac*cli"vous  (#;  277), a. [L. acclivis and acclivus.] Sloping upward;
   rising as a hillside; -- opposed to declivous.

                                    Accloy

   Ac*cloy" (#), v. t. [OF. encloyer, encloer, F. enclouer, to drive in a
   nail,  fr. L. in + clavus nail.] To fill to satiety; to stuff full; to
   clog; to overload; to burden. See Cloy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Accoast

   Ac*coast"  (#),  v.  t. & i. [See Accost, Coast.] To lie or sail along
   the coast or side of; to accost. [Obs.]

     Whether high towering or accosting low. Spenser.

                                    Accoil

   Ac*coil"  (#),  v. t. [OE. acoillir to receive, F. accueillir; L. ad +
   colligere to collect. See Coil.]

   1. To gather together; to collect. [Obs.] Spenser.

   2. (Naut.) To coil together. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

                                   Accolade

   Ac`co*lade"  (#; 277), n. [F. accolade, It. accolata, fr. accollare to
   embrace; L. ad + collum neck.]

   1.  A  ceremony  formerly used in conferring knighthood, consisting am
   embrace,  and  a slight blow on the shoulders with the flat blade of a
   sword.

   2. (Mus.) A brace used to join two or more staves.

                                 Accombination

   Ac*com*bi*na"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ad  +  E.  combination.] A combining
   together. [R.]

                                 Accommodable

   Ac*com"mo*da*ble   (#),   a.   [Cf.  F.  accommodable.]  That  may  be
   accommodated, fitted, or made to agree. [R.] I. Watts.

                               Accommodableness

   Ac*com"mo*dable*ness,   n.   The   quality   or   condition  of  being
   accommodable. [R.] Todd.

                                  Accommodate

   Ac*com"mo*date (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accommodated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Accommodating  (#).]  [L. accommodatus, p. p. of accommodare; ad +
   commodare  to  make  fit,  help; con- + modus measure, proportion. See
   Mode.]

   1.  To  render  fit, suitable, or correspondent; to adapt; to conform;
   as,  to accommodate ourselves to circumstances. "They accomodate their
   counsels to his inclination." Addison.

   2.  To  bring  into agreement or harmony; to reconcile; to compose; to
   adjust; to settle; as, to accommodate differences, a dispute, etc.

   3. To furnish with something desired, needed, or convenient; to favor;
   to oblige; as, to accommodate a friend with a loan or with lodgings.

   4. To show the correspondence of; to apply or make suit by analogy; to
   adapt  or fit, as teachings to accidental circumstances, statements to
   facts,  etc.;  as, to accommodate prophecy to events. Syn. -- To suit;
   adapt; conform; adjust; arrange.

                                  Accommodate

   Ac*com"mo*date,  v.  i.  To  adapt  one's  self;  to be conformable or
   adapted. [R.] Boyle.

                                  Accommodate

   Ac*com"mo*date   (#),  a.  [L.  accommodatus,  p.p.  of  accommodare.]
   Suitable;  fit;  adapted;  as,  means  accommodate  to  end. [Archaic]
   Tillotson.

                                 Accommodately

   Ac*com"mo*date*ly, adv. Suitably; fitly. [R.]

                                Accommodateness

   Ac*com"mo*date*ness, n. Fitness. [R.]

                                 Accommodating

   Ac*com"mo*da`ting   (#),   a.   Affording,   or  disposed  to  afford,
   accommodation; obliging; as an accommodating man, spirit, arrangement.

                                 Accommodation

   Ac*com`mo*da"tion  (#),  n.  [L. accommodatio, fr. accommodare: cf. F.
   accommodation.]

   1.  The  act  of  fitting or adapting, or the state of being fitted or
   adapted;  adaptation; adjustment; -- followed by to. "The organization
   of the body with accommodation to its functions." Sir M. Hale.

   2. Willingness to accommodate; obligingness.

   3.   Whatever  supplies  a  want  or  affords  ease,  refreshment,  or
   convenience;  anything furnished which is desired or needful; -- often
   in  the plural; as, the accomodations -- that is, lodgings and food --
   at an inn. Sir W. Scott.

   4.  An  adjustment of differences; state of agreement; reconciliation;
   settlement. "To come to terms of accommodation." Macaulay.

   5.  The  application of a writer's language, on the ground of analogy,
   to something not originally referred to or intended.

     Many  of  those  quotations  from  the  Old Testament were probably
     intended as nothing more than accommodations. Paley.

   6. (Com.) (a) A loan of money. (b) An accommodation bill or note.
   Accommodation  bill, or note (Com.), a bill of exchange which a person
   accepts,  or  a note which a person makes and delivers to another, not
   upon a consideration received, but for the purpose of raising money on
   credit.  --  Accommodation  coach,  or  train, one running at moderate
   speed  and  stopping  at  all or nearly all stations. -- Accommodation
   ladder  (Naut.),  a  light  ladder hung over the side of a ship at the
   gangway, useful in ascending from, or descending to, small boats.

                                 Accommodator

   Ac*com"mo*da`tor   (#),  n.  He  who,  or  that  which,  accommodates.
   Warburton.

                                 Accompanable

   Ac*com"pa*na*ble (#), a. Sociable. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

                                  Accompanier

   Ac*com"pa*ni*er (#), n. He who, or that which, accompanies. Lamb.

                                 Accompaniment

   Ac*com"pa*ni*ment (#), n. [F. accompagnement.] That which accompanies;
   something  that  attends  as a circumstance, or which is added to give
   greater completeness to the principal thing, or by way of ornament, or
   for  the  sake  of  symmetry. Specifically: (Mus.) A part performed by
   instruments,  accompanying  another part or parts performed by voices;
   the  subordinate part, or parts, accompanying the voice or a principal
   instrument; also, the harmony of a figured bass. P. Cyc.

                                  Accompanist

   Ac*com"pa*nist   (#),   n.  The  performer  in  music  who  takes  the
   accompanying part. Busby.

                                   Accompany

   Ac*com"pa*ny (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accompanied (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Accompanying  (#)]  [OF.  aacompaignier,  F. accompagner, to associate
   with, fr. OF. compaign, compain, companion. See Company.]

   1.  To  go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company
   with;  to go along with; -- followed by with or by; as, he accompanied
   his speech with a bow.

     The  Persian dames, . . . In sumptuous cars, accompanied his march.
     Glover.

     They  are never alone that are accompanied with noble thoughts. Sir
     P. Sidney.

     He  was  accompanied  by  two  carts  filled  with  wounded rebels.
     Macaulay.

   2.  To cohabit with. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert. Syn. -- To attend; escort;
   go with. -- To Accompany, Attend, Escort. We accompany those with whom
   we  go  as  companions.  The  word  imports an equality of station. We
   attend  those whom we wait upon or follow. The word conveys an idea of
   subordination. We escort those whom we attend with a view to guard and
   protect.  A  gentleman  accompanies  a friend to some public place; he
   attends or escorts a lady.

                                   Accompany

   Ac*com"pa*ny, v. i.

   1. To associate in a company; to keep company. [Obs.] Bacon.

     Men  say  that  they  will  drive  away  one another, . . . and not
     accompany together. Holland.

   2. To cohabit (with). [Obs.] Milton.

   3. (Mus.) To perform an accompanying part or parts in a composition.

                                 Accompletive

   Ac*com"ple*tive  (#),  a.  [L.  ad + complere, completum, to fill up.]
   Tending to accomplish. [R.]

                                  Accomplice

   Ac*com"plice  (#), n. [Ac- (perh. for the article a or for L. ad) + E.
   complice. See Complice.]

   1. A cooperator. [R.]

     Success unto our valiant general, And happiness to his accomplices!
     Shak.

   2.  (Law) An associate in the commission of a crime; a participator in
   an offense, whether a principal or an accessory. "And thou, the cursed
   accomplice of his treason." Johnson.

     NOTE: It is  fo llowed by  with or of before a person and by in (or
     sometimes  of)  before the crime; as, A was an accomplice with B in
     the  murder of C. Dryden uses it with to before a thing. "Suspected
     for accomplice to the fire." Dryden.

   Syn.   --   Abettor;  accessory;  assistant;  associate;  confederate;
   coadjutor; ally; promoter. See Abettor.

                                Accompliceship

   Ac*com"plice*ship  (#),  n. The state of being an accomplice. [R.] Sir
   H. Taylor.

                                 Accomplicity

   Ac`com*plic"i*ty (#), n. The act or state of being an accomplice. [R.]

                                  Accomplish

   Ac*com"plish  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accomplished (#), p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Accomplishing.]  [OE. acomplissen, OF. accomplir, F. accomplir; L.
   ad + complere to fill up, complete. See Complete, Finish.]

   1. To complete, as time or distance.

     That  He  would  accomplish  seventy  years  in  the desolations of
     Jerusalem. Dan. ix. 2.

     He had accomplished half a league or more. Prescott.

   2.  To  bring  to  an issue of full success; to effect; to perform; to
   execute  fully;  to  fulfill; as, to accomplish a design, an object, a
   promise.

     This that is written must yet be accomplished in me. Luke xxii. 37.

   3. To equip or furnish thoroughly; hence, to complete in acquirements;
   to render accomplished; to polish.

     The armorers accomplishing the knights. Shak.

     It  [the  moon]  is  fully accomplished for all those ends to which
     Providence did appoint it. Wilkins.

     These  qualities  .  .  .  go to accomplish a perfect woman. Cowden
     Clarke.

   4.  To  gain; to obtain. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- To do; perform; fulfill;
   realize;  effect;  effectuate; complete; consummate; execute; achieve;
   perfect;  equip;  furnish. -- To Accomplish, Effect, Execute, Achieve,
   Perform. These words agree in the general idea of carrying out to some
   end  proposed.  To  accomplish  (to  fill  up  to  the  measure of the
   intention) generally implies perseverance and skill; as, to accomplish
   a  plan  proposed  by one's self, an object, a design, an undertaking.
   "Thou shalt accomplish my desire." 1 Kings v. 9.

     He  .  . . expressed his desire to see a union accomplished between
     England and Scotland. Macaulay.

   To  effect  (to  work out) is much like accomplish. It usually implies
   some   degree  of  difficulty  contended  with;  as,  he  effected  or
   accomplished  what  he  intended,  his  purpose,  but little. "What he
   decreed, he effected." Milton.

     To  work in close design by fraud or guile What force effected not.
     Milton.

   To  execute  (to  follow out to the end, to carry out, or into effect)
   implies a set mode of operation; as, to execute the laws or the orders
   of  another;  to  execute a work, a purpose, design, plan, project. To
   perform  is much like to do, though less generally applied. It conveys
   a  notion  of  protracted  and  methodical  effort;  as,  to perform a
   mission,  a  part,  a  task,  a  work.  "Thou  canst best perform that
   office." Milton.

     The  Saints,  like  stars,  around  his  seat Perform their courses
     still. Keble.

   To  achieve  (to  come  to the end or arrive at one's purpose) usually
   implies  some enterprise or undertaking of importance, difficulty, and
   excellence.

                                Accomplishable

   Ac*com"plish*a*ble (#), a. Capable of being accomplished; practicable.
   Carlyle.

                                 Accomplished

   Ac*com"plished (#), a.

   1. Completed; effected; established; as, an accomplished fact.

   2.  Complete  in  acquirements  as  the result usually of training; --
   commonly in a good sense; as, an accomplished scholar, an accomplished
   villain.

     They . . . show themselves accomplished bees. Holland.

     Daughter of God and man, accomplished Eve. Milton.

                                 Accomplisher

   Ac*com"plish*er (#), n. One who accomplishes.

                                Accomplishment

   Ac*com"plish*ment (#), n. [F. accomplissement, fr. accomplir.]

   1.   The   act   of  accomplishing;  entire  performance;  completion;
   fulfillment;  as,  the accomplishment of an enterprise, of a prophecy,
   etc.

   2.  That which completes, perfects, or equips thoroughly; acquirement;
   attainment;  that which constitutes excellence of mind, or elegance of
   manners,  acquired by education or training. "My new accomplishment of
   dancing." Churchill. "Accomplishments befitting a station." Thackeray.

     Accomplishments  have taken virtue's place, And wisdom falls before
     exterior grace. Cowper.

                                    Accompt

   Ac*compt" (#; formerly #), n. See Account.

     NOTE: &hand; Accompt, accomptant, etc., are archaic forms.

                                  Accomptable

   Ac*compt"a*ble (#), a. See Accountable.

                                  Accomptant

   Ac*compt"ant (#), n. See Accountant.

                                    Accord

   Ac*cord" (#), n. [OE. acord, accord, OF. acort, acorde, F. accord, fr.
   OF. acorder, F. accorder. See Accord, v. t.]

   1.  Agreement  or  concurrence of opinion, will, or action; harmony of
   mind; consent; assent.

     A mediator of an accord and peace between them. Bacon.

     These all continued with one accord in prayer. Acts i. 14.

   2.  Harmony  of  sounds; agreement in pitch and tone; concord; as, the
   accord of tones.

     Those sweet accords are even the angels' lays. Sir J. Davies.

     3.  Agreement,  harmony,  or just correspondence of things; as, the
     accord of light and shade in painting.

     4.  Voluntary  or spontaneous motion or impulse to act; -- preceded
     by own; as, of one's own accord.

     That  which groweth of its own accord of thy harvest thou shalt not
     reap. Lev. xxv. 5.

     Of his own accord he went unto you. 2 Cor. vii. 17.

     5.  (Law)  An  agreement  between  parties in controversy, by which
     satisfaction for an injury is stipulated, and which, when executed,
     bars a suit. Blackstone.

   With one accord, with unanimity.

     They rushed with one accord into the theater. Acts xix. 29.

                                    Accord

   Ac*cord",  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Accorded; p. pr. & vb. n. According.]
   [OE.  acorden,  accorden, OF. acorder, F. accorder, fr. LL. accordare;
   L. ad + cor, cordis, heart. Cf. Concord, Discord, and see Heart.]

   1.  To  make  to agree or correspond; to suit one thing to another; to
   adjust; -- followed by to. [R.]

     Her hands accorded the lute's music to the voice. Sidney.

   2.  To  bring  to  an  agreement, as persons; to reconcile; to settle,
   adjust,  harmonize,  or  compose,  as  things;  as, to accord suits or
   controversies.

     When they were accorded from the fray. Spenser.

     All  which  particulars, being confessedly knotty and difficult can
     never  be  accorded  but by a competent stock of critical learning.
     South.

   3. To grant as suitable or proper; to concede; to award; as, to accord
   to one due praise. "According his desire." Spenser.

                                    Accord

   Ac*cord", v. i.

   1.  To  agree;  to  correspond; to be in harmony; -- followed by with,
   formerly also by to; as, his disposition accords with his looks.

     My heart accordeth with my tongue. Shak.

     Thy actions to thy words accord. Milton.

   2. To agree in pitch and tone.

                                  Accordable

   Ac*cord"a*ble (#), a. [OF. acordable, F. accordable.]

   1. Agreeing. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. Reconcilable; in accordance.

                                  Accordance

   Ac*cord"ance  (#), n. [OF. acordance.] Agreement; harmony; conformity.
   "In  strict  accordance  with  the  law."  Macaulay.  Syn. -- Harmony;
   unison; coincidence.

                                  Accordancy

   Ac*cord"an*cy (#), n. Accordance. [R.] Paley.

                                   Accordant

   Ac*cord"ant (#), a. [OF. acordant, F. accordant.] Agreeing; consonant;
   harmonious; corresponding; conformable; -- followed by with or to.

     Strictly accordant with true morality. Darwin.

     And now his voice accordant to the string. Coldsmith.

                                  Accordantly

   Ac*cord"ant*ly,   adv.   In   accordance   or   agreement;  agreeably;
   conformably; -- followed by with or to.

                                   Accorder

   Ac*cord"er (#), n. One who accords, assents, or concedes. [R.]

                                   According

   Ac*cord"ing,  p.  a.  Agreeing;  in  agreement or harmony; harmonious.
   "This  according  voice  of  national  wisdom."  Burke. "Mind and soul
   according well." Tennyson.

     According to him, every person was to be bought. Macaulay.

     Our zeal should be according to knowledge. Sprat.

     NOTE: &hand; Ac cording to  has been called a prepositional phrase,
     but  strictly  speaking,  according is a participle in the sense of
     agreeing, acceding, and to alone is the preposition.

   According  as,  precisely as; the same as; corresponding to the way in
   which. According as is an adverbial phrase, of which the propriety has
   been doubted; but good usage sanctions it. See According, adv.
   
     Is all things well, According as I gave directions? Shak.
     
     The  land  which  the  Lord  will  give  you  according  as he hath
     promised. Ex. xii. 25.
     
   p. 13 

                                   According

   Ac*cord"ing (#), adv. Accordingly; correspondingly. [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Accordingly

   Ac*cord"ing*ly, adv.

   1. Agreeably; correspondingly; suitably; in a manner conformable.

     Behold, and so proceed accordingly. Shak.

   2.  In  natural  sequence;  consequently;  so.  Syn.  -- Consequently;
   therefore;   wherefore;   hence;  so.  --  Accordingly,  Consequently,
   indicate  a connection between two things, the latter of which is done
   on  account  of the former. Accordingly marks the connection as one of
   simple  accordance or congruity, leading naturally to the result which
   followed;  as,  he was absent when I called, and I accordingly left my
   card; our preparations were all finished, and we accordingly set sail.
   Consequently  all  finished, and we accordingly set sail. Consequently
   marks a closer connection, that of logical or causal sequence; as, the
   papers were not ready, and consequently could not be signed.

                                   Accordion

   Ac*cor"di*on  (#),  n.  [See  Accord.] (Mus.) A small, portable, keyed
   wind  instrument,  whose  tones are generated by play of the wind upon
   free metallic reeds.

                                 Accordionist

   Ac*cor"di*on*ist, n. A player on the accordion.

                                  Accordment

   Ac*cord"ment  (#),  n.  [OF.  acordement.  See  Accord, v.] Agreement;
   reconcilement. [Obs.] Gower.

                                  Accorporate

   Ac*cor"po*rate  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  accorporare; ad + corpus, corporis,
   body.] To unite; to attach; to incorporate. [Obs.] Milton.

                                    Accost

   Ac*cost"  (#;  115),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Accosted; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Accosting.] [F. accoster, LL. accostare to bring side by side; L. ad +
   costa rib, side. See Coast, and cf. Accoast.]

   1.  To join side to side; to border; hence, to sail along the coast or
   side of. [Obs.] "So much [of Lapland] as accosts the sea." Fuller.

   2. To approach; to make up to. [Archaic] Shak.

   3. To speak to first; to address; to greet. "Him, Satan thus accosts."
   Milton.

                                    Accost

   Ac*cost",  v. i. To adjoin; to lie alongside. [Obs.] "The shores which
   to the sea accost." Spenser.

                                    Accost

   Ac*cost", n. Address; greeting. [R.] J. Morley.

                                  Accostable

   Ac*cost"a*ble (#), a. [Cf. F. accostable.] Approachable; affable. [R.]
   Hawthorne.

                                   Accosted

   Ac*cost"ed,  a. (Her.) Supported on both sides by other charges; also,
   side by side.

                                 Accouchement

   Ac*couche"ment  (#;  277),  n. [F., fr. accoucher to be delivered of a
   child,  to  aid  in  delivery, OF. acouchier orig. to lay down, put to
   bed,  go  to  bed; L. ad + collocare to lay, put, place. See Collate.]
   Delivery in childbed

                                  Accoucheur

   Ac*cou*cheur" (#), n. [F., fr. accoucher. See Accouchement.] A man who
   assists women in childbirth; a man midwife; an obstetrician.

                                  Accoucheuse

   Ac*cou*cheuse"  (#),  n. [F.., fem. of accoucher.] A midwife. [Recent]
   Dunglison.

                                    Account

   Ac*count"  (#),  n.  [OE.  acount,  account,  accompt,  OF. acont, fr.
   aconter. See Account, v. t., Count, n., 1.]

   1.  A  reckoning;  computation;  calculation; enumeration; a record of
   some reckoning; as, the Julian account of time.

     A beggarly account of empty boxes. Shak.

   2.  A  registry  of  pecuniary  transactions;  a  written  or  printed
   statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of other
   things  subjected  to a reckoning or review; as, to keep one's account
   at the bank.

   3.   A  statement  in  general  of  reasons,  causes,  grounds,  etc.,
   explanatory  of some event; as, no satisfactory account has been given
   of  these  phenomena. Hence, the word is often used simply for reason,
   ground,  consideration,  motive,  etc.;  as,  on  no account, on every
   account, on all accounts.

   4.  A  statement  of  facts or occurrences; recital of transactions; a
   relation  or  narrative;  a report; a description; as, an account of a
   battle. "A laudable account of the city of London." Howell.

   5.  A  statement  and explanation or vindication of one's conduct with
   reference to judgment thereon.

     Give an account of thy stewardship. Luke xvi. 2.

   6.  An  estimate or estimation; valuation; judgment. "To stand high in
   your account." Shak.

   7.  Importance;  worth;  value;  advantage;  profit. "Men of account."
   Pope. "To turn to account." Shak.
   Account  current,  a  running or continued account between two or more
   parties,  or  a statement of the particulars of such an account. -- In
   account  with,  in  a  relation requiring an account to be kept. -- On
   account of, for the sake of; by reason of; because of. -- On one's own
   account, for one's own interest or behalf. -- To make account, to have
   an opinion or expectation; to reckon. [Obs.]

     s  other  part . . . makes account to find no slender arguments for
     this  assertion  out  of  those  very scriptures which are commonly
     urged against it. Milton.

   --  To make account of, to hold in estimation; to esteem; as, he makes
   small  account  of  beauty.  --  To  take  account of, or to take into
   account,  to take into consideration; to notice. "Of their doings, God
   takes  no  account."  Milton. -- A writ of account (Law), a writ which
   the  plaintiff  brings  demanding  that the defendant shall render his
   just  account,  or  show good cause to the contrary; -- called also an
   action  of  account.  Cowell.  Syn. -- Narrative; narration; relation;
   recital;  description;  explanation; rehearsal. -- Account, Narrative,
   Narration,  Recital.  These  words  are  applied to different modes of
   rehearsing  a series of events. Account turns attention not so much to
   the  speaker  as to the fact related, and more properly applies to the
   report  of  some single event, or a group of incidents taken as whole;
   as,  an  account  of  a  battle, of a shipwreck, etc. A narrative is a
   continuous story of connected incidents, such as one friend might tell
   to  another;  as, a narrative of the events of a siege, a narrative of
   one's  life,  etc.  Narration is usually the same as narrative, but is
   sometimes used to describe the mode of relating events; as, his powers
   of  narration are uncommonly great. Recital denotes a series of events
   drawn  out into minute particulars, usually expressing something which
   peculiarly  interests  the feelings of the speaker; as, the recital of
   one's wrongs, disappointments, sufferings, etc.

   1. To reckon; to compute; to count. [Obs.]

     The  motion  of  .  . . the sun whereby years are accounted. Sir T.
     Browne.

   2.  To  place to one's account; to put to the credit of; to assign; --
   with to. [R.] Clarendon.

   3.  To  value,  estimate, or hold in opinion; to judge or consider; to
   deem.

     Accounting that God was able to raise him up. Heb. xi. 19.

   4. To recount; to relate. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Account

   Ac*count", v. i.

   1.  To render or receive an account or relation of particulars; as, an
   officer must account with or to the treasurer for money received.

   2.  To  render  an account; to answer in judgment; -- with for; as, we
   must account for the use of our opportunities.

   3. To give a satisfactory reason; to tell the cause of; to explain; --
   with for; as, idleness accounts for poverty.
   To  account  of,  to  esteem; to prize; to value. Now used only in the
   passive. "I account of her beauty." Shak.
   
     Newer  was  preaching  more  accounted  of  than  in  the sixteenth
     century. Canon Robinson.
     
                              Accountabilability

   Ac*count"a*bil`a*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  The  state  of being accountable;
   liability  to be called on to render an account; accountableness. "The
   awful idea of accountability." R. Hall.

                                  Accountable

   Ac*count"a*ble (#), a.

   1.  Liable to be called on to render an account; answerable; as, every
   man is accountable to God for his conduct.

   2. Capable of being accounted for; explicable. [R.]

     True religion . . . intelligible, rational, and accountable, -- not
     a burden but a privilege. B. Whichcote.

   Syn. -- Amenable; responsible; liable; answerable.

                               Accountable ness

   Ac*count"a*ble  ness,  n.  The  quality or state of being accountable;
   accountability.

                                  Accountably

   Ac*count"a*bly, adv. In an accountable manner.

                                  Accountancy

   Ac*count"an*cy (#), n. The art or employment of an accountant.

                                  Accountant

   Ac*count"ant (#), n. [Cf. F. accomptant, OF. acontant, p. pr.]

   1. One who renders account; one accountable.

   2. A reckoner.

   3. One who is skilled in, keeps, or adjusts, accounts; an officer in a
   public office, who has charge of the accounts.
   Accountatn  general,  the head or superintending accountant in certain
   public  offices.  Also,  formerly,  an officer in the English court of
   chancery  who  received  the moneys paid into the court, and deposited
   them in the Bank of England.

                                  Accountant

   Ac*count"ant, a. Accountable. [Obs.] Shak.

                                Accountantship

   Ac*count"ant*ship   (#),  n.  [Accountant  +  -ship.]  The  office  or
   employment of an accountant.

                                 Account book

   Ac*count" book` (#). A book in which accounts are kept. Swift.

                                   Accouple

   Ac*cou"ple  (#),  v.  t.  [OF.  acopler, F. accoupler. See Couple.] To
   join; to couple. [R.]

     The Englishmen accoupled themselves with the Frenchmen. Hall.

                                 Accouplement

   Ac*cou"ple*ment (#), n. [Cf. F. accouplement.]

   1.  The  act  of  coupling, or the state of being coupled; union. [R.]
   Caxton.

   2. That which couples, as a tie or brace. [R.]

                                   Accourage

   Ac*cour"age  (#),  v.  t.  [OF.  acoragier; \'85 (L. ad) + corage. See
   Courage.] To encourage. [Obs.]

                                    Accourt

   Ac*court"   (#),  v.  t.  [Ac-,  for  L.  ad.  See  Court.]  To  treat
   courteously; to court. [Obs.] Spenser.

                              Accouter, Accoutre

   Ac*cou"ter,  Ac*cou"tre  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Accoutered or
   Accoutred  (#);  p.  pr.  &  vb.  n.  Accoutering  or Accoutring.] [F.
   accouter,  OF. accoutrer, accoustrer; \'85 (L. ad) + perh. LL. custor,
   for  custos  guardian,  sacristan  (cf.  Custody), or perh. akin to E.
   guilt.]  To furnish with dress, or equipments, esp. those for military
   service; to equip; to attire; to array.

     Bot accoutered like young men. Shak.

     For this, in rags accoutered are they seen. Dryden.

     Accoutered with his burden and his staff. Wordsworth.

                         Accouterments, Accoutrements

   Ac*cou"ter*ments,  Ac*cou"tre*ments  (#),  n.  pl.  [F.  accoutrement,
   earlier also accoustrement, earlier also accoustrement. See Accouter.]
   Dress;  trappings; equipment; specifically, the devices and equipments
   worn by soldiers.

     How gay with all the accouterments of war!

                                     Accoy

     Ac*coy" (#), v. t. [OF. acoyer; ac-, for L. ad. See Coy.]

     1. To render quiet; to soothe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

     2. To subdue; to tame; to daunt. [Obs.]

     Then is your careless courage accoyed. Spenser.

                                   Accredit

     Ac*cred"it  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Accredited; p. pr. & vb. n.
     Accrediting.]  [F.  accr\'82diter; \'85 (L. ad) + cr\'82dit credit.
     See Credit.]

     1. To put or bring into credit; to invest with credit or authority;
     to sanction.

     His censure will . . . accredit his praises. Cowper.

     These  reasons  .  .  .  which  accredit  and fortify mine opinion.
     Shelton.

     2.  To  send  with  letters credential, as an ambassador, envoy, or
     diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or delegate.

     Beton . . . was accredited to the Court of France. Froude.

     3. To believe; to credit; to put trust in.

     The  version  of  early  Roman  history which was accredited in the
     fifth century. Sir G. C. Lewis.

     He  accredited  and repeated stories of apparitions and witchcraft.
     Southey.

     4.  To  credit;  to  vouch  for  or  consider  (some  one) as doing
     something, or (something) as belonging to some one.

   To accredit (one) with (something), to attribute something to him; as,
   Mr.  Clay  was  accredited  with these views; they accredit him with a
   wise saying.

                                 Accreditation

   Ac*cred`i*ta"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of  accrediting; as, letters of
   accreditation.

                                Accrementitial

   Ac`cre*men*ti"tial (#), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to accremention.

                                Accrementition

   Ac`cre*men*ti"tion  (#),  n. [See Accresce, Increment.] (Physiol.) The
   process of generation by development of blastema, or fission of cells,
   in  which the new formation is in all respect like the individual from
   which it proceeds.

                                   Accresce

   Ac*cresce" (#), v. i. [L. accrescere. See Accrue.]

   1. To accrue. [R.]

   2. To increase; to grow. [Obs.] Gillespie.

                                  Accrescence

   Ac*cres"cence  (#),  n.  [LL.  accrescentia.]  Continuous  growth;  an
   accretion. [R.]

     The  silent accrescence of belief from the unwatched depositions of
     a general, never contradicted hearsy. Coleridge.

                                  Accrescent

   Ac*cres"cent  (#), a. [L. accrescens, -entis, p. pr. of accrescere; ad
   + crescere to grow. See Crescent.]

   1. Growing; increasing. Shuckford.

   2. (Bot.) Growing larger after flowering. Gray.

                                    Accrete

   Ac*crete"  (#),  v.  i.  [From  L.  accretus,  p.  p. of accrescere to
   increase.]

   1. To grow together.

   2. To adhere; to grow (to); to be added; -- with to.

                                    Accrete

   Ac*crete", v. t. To make adhere; to add. Earle.

                                    Accrete

   Ac*crete", a.

   1. Characterized by accretion; made up; as, accrete matter.

   2. (Bot.) Grown together. Gray.

                                   Accretion

   Ac*cre"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  accretio,  fr. accrescere to increase. Cf.
   Crescent, Increase, Accrue.]

   1.  The  act  of  increasing  by  natural growth; esp. the increase of
   organic  bodies  by  the  internal accession of parts; organic growth.
   Arbuthnot.

   2.  The  act  of  increasing,  or the matter added, by an accession of
   parts externally; an extraneous addition; as, an accretion of earth.

     A mineral . . . augments not by grown, but by accretion. Owen.

     To strip off all the subordinate parts of his as a later accretion.
     Sir G. C. Lewis.

   3.  Concretion;  coherence of separate particles; as, the accretion of
   particles so as to form a solid mass.

   4.  A  growing together of parts naturally separate, as of the fingers
   toes. Dana.

   5.  (Law) (a) The adhering of property to something else, by which the
   owner of one thing becomes possessed of a right to another; generally,
   gain  of  land  by  the  washing  up of sand or sail from the sea or a
   river,  or  by  a  gradual  recession  of  the  water  from  the usual
   watermark.  (b) Gain to an heir or legatee, failure of a coheir to the
   same succession, or a co-legatee of the same thing, to take his share.
   Wharton. Kent.

                                   Accretive

   Ac*cre"tive  (#),  a. Relating to accretion; increasing, or adding to,
   by growth. Glanvill.

                                  Accriminate

   Ac*crim"i*nate  (#), v. t. [L. ac- (for ad to) + criminari.] To accuse
   of a crime. [Obs.] -- Ac*crim`i*na"tion (#), n. [Obs.]

                                   Accroach

   Ac*croach"  (#),  v.  t.  [OE.  acrochen,  accrochen,  to  obtain, OF.
   acrochier, F. accrocher; \'85 (L. ad) + croc hook (E. crook).]

   1. To hook, or draw to one's self as with a hook. [Obs.]

   2. To usurp, as jurisdiction or royal prerogatives.

     They had attempted to accroach to themselves royal power. Stubbs.

                                 Accroachment

   Ac*croach"ment   (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  accrochement.]  An  encroachment;
   usurpation. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                    Accrual

   Ac*cru"al (#), n. Accrument. [R.]

                                    Accrue

   Ac*crue"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Accrued (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Accruing.] [See Accrue, n., and cf. Accresce, Accrete.]

   1. To increase; to augment.

     And though power failed, her courage did accrue. Spenser.

   2.  To  come  to by way of increase; to arise or spring as a growth or
   result;  to be added as increase, profit, or damage, especially as the
   produce of money lent. "Interest accrues to principal." Abbott.

     The  great  and  essential  advantages accruing to society from the
     freedom of the press. Junius.

                                    Accrue

   Ac*crue",  n.  [F.  accr\'96,  OF.  acre\'81,  p. p. of accroitre, OF.
   acroistre  to  increase;  L. ad + crescere to increase. Cf. Accretion,
   Crew.  See  Crescent.]  Something  that  accrues;  advantage accruing.
   [Obs.]

                                    Accruer

   Ac*cru"er  (#),  n. (Law) The act of accruing; accretion; as, title by
   accruer.

                                   Accrument

   Ac*cru"ment  (#),  n.  The  process  of  accruing,  or  that which has
   accrued; increase. Jer. Taylor.

                                  Accubation

   Ac`cu*ba"tion  (#),  n.  [L. accubatio, for accubatio, fr. accubare to
   recline;  ad  + cubare to lie down. See Accumb.] The act or posture of
   reclining on a couch, as practiced by the ancients at meals.

                                    Accumb

   Ac*cumb" (#), v. i. [L. accumbere; ad + cumbere (only in compounds) to
   lie down.] To recline, as at table. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                  Accumbency

   Ac*cum"ben*cy (#), n. The state of being accumbent or reclining. [R.]

                                   Accumbent

   Ac*cum"bent (#), a.

   1. Leaning or reclining, as the ancients did at their meals.

     The Roman.. accumbent posture in eating. Arbuthnot.

   2.  (Bot.)  Lying  against  anything,  as  one  part of a leaf against
   another leaf. Gray.

     Accumbent  cotyledons have their edges placed against the caulicle.
     Eaton.

                                   Accumbent

   Ac*cum"bent, n. One who reclines at table.

                                   Accumber

   Ac*cum"ber (#), v. t. To encumber. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Accumulate

   Ac*cu"mu*late  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accumulated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Accumulating.] [L. accumulatus, p. p. of accumulare; ad + cumulare
   to  heap.  See Cumulate.] To heap up in a mass; to pile up; to collect
   or bring together; to amass; as, to accumulate a sum of money. Syn. --
   To  collect;  pile up; store; amass; gather; aggregate; heap together;
   hoard. <-- p. 14 -->

                                  Accumulate

   Ac*cu"mu*late (#), v. i. To grow or increase in quantity or number; to
   increase greatly.

     Ill  fares  the  land,  to  hastening  ills  a  prey,  Where wealth
     accumulates, and men decay. Goldsmith.

                                  Accumulate

   Ac*cu"mu*late   (#),   a.  [L.  accumulatus,  p.  p.  of  accumulare.]
   Collected; accumulated. Bacon.

                                 Accumulation

   Ac*cu`mu*la"tion (#), n. [L. accumulatio; cf. F. accumulation.]

   1.  The  act  of accumulating, the state of being accumulated, or that
   which is accumulated; as, an accumulation of earth, of sand, of evils,
   of wealth, of honors.

   2. (Law) The concurrence of several titles to the same proof.
   Accumulation  of  energy  or  power, the storing of energy by means of
   weights  lifted  or  masses  put  in motion; electricity stored. -- An
   accumulation  of degrees (Eng. Univ.), the taking of several together,
   or at smaller intervals than usual or than is allowed by the rules.

                                 Accumulative

   Ac*cu"mu*la*tive  (#),  a.  Characterized  by accumulation; serving to
   collect or amass; cumulative; additional. -- Ac*cu"mu*la*tive*ly, adv.
   -- Ac*cu"mu*la*tive*ness, n.

                                  Accumulator

   Ac*cu"mu*la`tor (#), n. [L.]

   1. One who, or that which, accumulates, collects, or amasses.

   2.  (Mech.)  An  apparatus  by  means  of which energy or power can be
   stored,  such  as the cylinder or tank for storing water for hydraulic
   elevators,  the secondary or storage battery used for accumulating the
   energy of electrical charges, etc.

   3.  A  system of elastic springs for relieving the strain upon a rope,
   as in deep-sea dredging.

                                   Accuracy

   Ac"cu*ra*cy  (#; 277), n. [See Accurate.] The state of being accurate;
   freedom  from mistakes, this exemption arising from carefulness; exact
   conformity  to  truth,  or  to  a rule or model; precision; exactness;
   nicety;  correctness;  as,  the  value  of  testimony  depends  on its
   accuracy.

     The  professed  end  [of logic] is to teach men to think, to judge,
     and to reason, with precision and accuracy. Reid.

     The accuracy with which the piston fits the sides. Lardner.

                                   Accurate

   Ac"cu*rate  (#),  a. [L. accuratus, p. p. and a., fr. accurare to take
   care of; ad + curare to take care, cura care. See Cure.]

   1.  In  exact  or  careful conformity to truth, or to some standard of
   requirement, the result of care or pains; free from failure, error, or
   defect;  exact;  as,  an  accurate  calculator;  an  accurate measure;
   accurate expression, knowledge, etc.

   2. Precisely fixed; executed with care; careful. [Obs.]

     Those  conceive  the celestial bodies have more accurate influences
     upon these things below. Bacon.

   Syn.  -- Correct; exact; just; nice; particular. -- Accurate, Correct,
   Exact,  Precise. We speak of a thing as correct with reference to some
   rule  or  standard  of  comparison;  as,  a correct account, a correct
   likeness, a man of correct deportment. We speak of a thing as accurate
   with  reference  to  the  care  bestowed  upon  its execution, and the
   increased  correctness  to  be  expected  therefrom;  as,  an accurate
   statement,  an  accurate detail of particulars. We speak of a thing as
   exact with reference to that perfected state of a thing in which there
   is  no  defect  and no redundance; as, an exact coincidence, the exact
   truth, an exact likeness. We speak of a thing as precise when we think
   of  it  as  strictly  conformed  to some rule or model, as if cut down
   thereto; as a precise conformity instructions; precisely right; he was
   very precise in giving his directions.

                                  Accurately

   Ac"cu*rate*ly, adv. In an accurate manner; exactly; precisely; without
   error or defect.

                                 Accurateness

   Ac"cu*rate*ness,  n. The state or quality of being accurate; accuracy;
   exactness; nicety; precision.

                                    Accurse

   Ac*curse"  (#),  v.  t.  [OE. acursien, acorsien; pref. a + cursien to
   curse.  See  Curse.]  To devote to destruction; to imprecate misery or
   evil upon; to curse; to execrate; to anathematize.

     And the city shall be accursed. Josh. vi. 17.

     Thro' you, my life will be accurst. Tennyson.

                               Accursed, Accurst

   Ac*cursed"  (#),  Ac*curst"  (#),  p. p. & a. Doomed to destruction or
   misery;  cursed;  hence,  bad enough to be under the curse; execrable;
   detestable;  exceedingly  hateful;  --  as, an accursed deed. Shak. --
   Ac*curs"ed*ly, adv. -- Ac*curs"ed*ness, n.

                                   Accusable

   Ac*cus"a*ble  (#), a. [L. accusabilis: cf. F. accusable.] Liable to be
   accused  or  censured;  chargeable with a crime or fault; blamable; --
   with of.

                                    Accusal

   Ac*cus"al (#), n. Accusation. [R.] Byron.

                                   Accusant

   Ac*cus"ant (#), n. [L. accusans, p. pr. of accusare: cf. F. accusant.]
   An accuser. Bp. Hall.

                                  Accusation

   Ac`cu*sa"tion (#), n. [OF. acusation, F. accusation, L. accusatio, fr.
   accusare. See Accuse.]

   1.  The  act  of  accusing  or charging with a crime or with a lighter
   offense.

     We come not by the way of accusation To taint that honor every good
     tongue blesses. Shak.

   2. That of which one is accused; the charge of an offense or crime, or
   the declaration containing the charge.

     [They] set up over his head his accusation. Matt. xxvii. 37.

   Syn. -- Impeachment; crimination; censure; charge.

                                  Accusatival

   Ac*cu`sa*ti"val (#), a. Pertaining to the accusative case.

                                  Accusative

   Ac*cu"sa*tive  (#), a. [F. accusatif, L. accusativus (in sense 2), fr.
   accusare. See Accuse.]

   1.   Producing   accusations;  accusatory.  "This  hath  been  a  very
   accusative age." Sir E. Dering.

   2.  (Gram.) Applied to the case (as the fourth case of Latin and Greek
   nouns)  which  expresses  the  immediate object on which the action or
   influence  of a transitive verb terminates, or the immediate object of
   motion  or  tendency to, expressed by a preposition. It corresponds to
   the objective case in English.

                                  Accusative

   Ac*cu"sa*tive, n. (Gram.) The accusative case.

                                 Accusatively

   Ac*cu"sa*tive*ly, adv.

   1. In an accusative manner.

   2. In relation to the accusative case in grammar.

                                 Accusatorial

   Ac*cu`sa*to"ri*al (#), a. Accusatory.

                                Accusatorially

   Ac*cu`sa*to"ri*al*ly, adv. By way accusation.

                                  Accusatory

   Ac*cu"sa*to*ry (#), a. [L. accusatorius, fr. accusare.] Pertaining to,
   or containing, an accusation; as, an accusatory libel. Grote.

                                    Accuse

   Ac*cuse" (#), n. Accusation. [Obs.] Shak.

                                    Accuse

   Ac*cuse",  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accused (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Accusing.]
   [OF. acuser, F. accuser, L. accusare, to call to account, accuse; ad +
   causa cause, lawsuit. Cf. Cause.]

   1.  To  charge with, or declare to have committed, a crime or offense;
   (Law) to charge with an offense, judicially or by a public process; --
   with of; as, to accuse one of a high crime or misdemeanor.

     Neither  can they prove the things whereof they now accuse me. Acts
     xxiv. 13.

     We are accused of having persuaded Austria and Sardinia to lay down
     their arms. Macaulay.

   2. To charge with a fault; to blame; to censure.

     Their thoughts the meanwhile accusing or else excusing one another.
     Rom. ii. 15.

   3. To betray; to show. [L.] Sir P. Sidney.
   Syn.  --  To  charge;  blame;  censure;  reproach;  criminate; indict;
   impeach;  arraign. -- To Accuse, Charge, Impeach, Arraign. These words
   agree  in  bringing  home to a person the imputation of wrongdoing. To
   accuse  is  a  somewhat formal act, and is applied usually (though not
   exclusively)  to  crimes; as, to accuse of treason. Charge is the most
   generic.  It  may  refer  to  a crime, a dereliction of duty, a fault,
   etc.;  more  commonly  it refers to moral delinquencies; as, to charge
   with dishonesty or falsehood. To arraign is to bring (a person) before
   a  tribunal for trial; as, to arraign one before a court or at the bar
   public opinion. To impeach is officially to charge with misbehavior in
   office;  as,  to  impeach  a minister of high crimes. Both impeach and
   arraign convey the idea of peculiar dignity or impressiveness.

                                    Accused

   Ac*cused" (#), a. Charged with offense; as, an accused person.

     NOTE: Commonly us ed su bstantively; as , th e accused, one charged
     with an offense; the defendant in a criminal case.

                                  Accusement

   Ac*cuse"ment  (#),  n. [OF. acusement. See Accuse.] Accusation. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                    Accuser

   Ac*cus"er  (#),  n.  [OE.  acuser,  accusour;  cf. OF. acuseor, fr. L.
   accusator,  fr. accusare.] One who accuses; one who brings a charge of
   crime or fault.

                                  Accusingly

   Ac*cus"ing*ly, adv. In an accusing manner.

                                   Accustom

   Ac*cus"tom  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Accustomed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Accustoming.] [OF. acostumer, acustumer, F. accoutumer; \'85 (L. ad) +
   OF. costume, F. coutume, custom. See Custom.] To make familiar by use;
   to habituate, familiarize, or inure; -- with to.

     I  shall  always  fear  that  he  who accustoms himself to fraud in
     little  things,  wants  only opportunity to practice it in greater.
     Adventurer.

   Syn. -- To habituate; inure; exercise; train.

                                   Accustom

   Ac*cus"tom, v. i.

   1. To be wont. [Obs.] Carew.

   2. To cohabit. [Obs.]

     We  with  the  best men accustom openly; you with the basest commit
     private adulteries. Milton.

                                   Accustom

   Ac*cus"tom, n. Custom. [Obs.] Milton.

                                 Accustomable

   Ac*cus"tom*a*ble  (#),  a.  Habitual; customary; wonted. "Accustomable
   goodness." Latimer.

                                 Accustomably

   Ac*cus"tom*a*bly,  adv.  According to custom; ordinarily; customarily.
   Latimer.

                                 Accustomance

   Ac*cus"tom*ance  (#), n. [OF. accoustumance, F. accoutumance.] Custom;
   habitual use. [Obs.] Boyle.

                                 Accustomarily

   Ac*cus"tom*a*ri*ly (#), adv. Customarily. [Obs.]

                                  Accustomary

   Ac*cus"tom*a*ry (#), a. Usual; customary. [Archaic] Featley.

                                  Accustomed

   Ac*cus"tomed (#), a.

   1.  Familiar  through  use;  usual; customary. "An accustomed action."
   Shak.

   2. Frequented by customers. [Obs.] "A well accustomed shop." Smollett.

                                Accustomedness

   Ac*cus"tomed*ness, n. Habituation.

     Accustomedness to sin hardens the heart. Bp. Pearce.

                                      Ace

   Ace  (#),  n.;  pl. Aces (#). [OE. as, F. as, fr. L. as, assis, unity,
   copper coin, the unit of coinage. Cf. As.]

   1. A unit; a single point or spot on a card or die; the card or die so
   marked; as, the ace of diamonds.

   2. Hence: A very small quantity or degree; a particle; an atom; a jot.

     I 'll not wag an ace further. Dryden.

   To  bate  an ace, to make the least abatement. [Obs.]M/mark> -- Within
   an ace of, very near; on the point of. W. Irving.

                                   Aceldama

   A*cel"da*ma  (#),  n. [Gr. \'d3k\'c7l dam\'d3 the field of blood.] The
   potter's  field,  said to have lain south of Jerusalem, purchased with
   the  bribe  which  Judas  took for betraying his Master, and therefore
   called the field of blood. Fig.: A field of bloodshed.

     The  system  of  warfare  . . . which had already converted immense
     tracts into one universal aceldama. De Quincey.

                                   Acentric

   A*cen"tric (#), a. [Gr. Not centered; without a center.

                                    Acephal

   Ac"e*phal  (#), n. [Gr. ac\'82phale, LL. acephalus.] (Zo\'94l.) One of
   the Acephala.

                                   Acephala

   A*ceph"a*la  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  Acephal.] (Zo\'94l.) That
   division  of  the Mollusca which includes the bivalve shells, like the
   clams  and  oysters;  --  so called because they have no evident head.
   Formerly  the  group included the Tunicata, Brachiopoda, and sometimes
   the Bryozoa. See Mollusca.

                                   Acephalan

   A*ceph"a*lan (#), n. Same as Acephal.

                                   Acephalan

   A*ceph"a*lan, a. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Acephala.

                                   Acephali

   A*ceph"a*li (#), n. pl. [LL., pl. of acephalus. See Acephal.]

   1. A fabulous people reported by ancient writers to have heads.

   2.  (Eccl.  Hist.)  (a) A Christian sect without a leader. (b) Bishops
   and certain clergymen not under regular diocesan control.

   3. A class of levelers in the time of K. Henry I.

                                  Acephalist

   A*ceph"a*list  (#),  n.  One who acknowledges no head or superior. Dr.
   Gauden.

                                 Acephalocyst

   A*ceph"a*lo*cyst  (#),  n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A larval entozo\'94n in the
   form of a subglobular or oval vesicle, or hy datid, filled with fluid,
   sometimes  found  in  the  tissues of man and the lower animals; -- so
   called  from  the  absence of a head or visible organs on the vesicle.
   These cysts are the immature stages of certain tapeworms. Also applied
   to similar cysts of different origin.

                                Acephalocystic

   A*ceph`a*lo*cys"tic   (#),   a.  Pertaining  to,  or  resembling,  the
   acephalocysts.

                                  Acephalous

   A*ceph"a*lous (#), a. [See Acephal.]

   1. Headless.

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  Without  a distinct head; -- a term applied to bivalve
   mollusks.

   3.  (Bot.)  Having the style spring from the base, instead of from the
   apex, as is the case in certain ovaries.

   4. Without a leader or chief.

   5. Wanting the beginning.

     A false or acephalous structure of sentence. De Quincey.

   6. (Pros.) Deficient and the beginning, as a line of poetry. Brande.

                                    Acerate

   Ac"er*ate  (#),  n. [See Aceric.] (Chem.) A combination of aceric acid
   with a salifiable base.

                                    Acerate

   Ac"er*ate, a. Acerose; needle-shaped.

                                     Acerb

   A*cerb"  (#),  a.  [L.  acerbus,  fr.  acer  sharp: cf. F. acerbe. See
   Acrid.]  Sour,  bitter, and harsh to the taste, as unripe fruit; sharp
   and harsh.

                                   Acerbate

   A*cerb"ate  (#), v. t. [L. acerbatus, p. p. of acerbare, fr. acerbus.]
   To sour; to imbitter; to irritate.

                                    Acerbic

   A*cerb"ic (#), a. Sour or severe.

                                  Acerbitude

   A*cerb"i*tude  (#),  n.  [L.  acerbitudo,  fr.  acerbus.] Sourness and
   harshness. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                   Acerbity

   A*cerb"i*ty  (#),  n.  [F. acerbit\'82, L. acerbitas, fr. acerbus. See
   Acerb.]

   1.  Sourness  of  taste, with bitterness and astringency, like that of
   unripe fruit.

   2.  Harshness,  bitterness,  or  severity;  as, acerbity of temper, of
   language, of pain. Barrow.

                                    Aceric

   A*cer"ic (#), a. [L. acer maple.] Pertaining to, or obtained from, the
   maple; as, aceric acid. Ure.

                                    Acerose

   Ac"er*ose`  (#),  a.  [(a)  L. acerosus chaffy, fr. acus, gen. aceris,
   chaff;  (b)  as  if fr. L. acus needle: cf. F. ac\'82reux.] (Bot.) (a)
   Having the nature of chaff; chaffy. (b) Needle-shaped, having a sharp,
   rigid point, as the leaf of the pine.

                                    Acerous

   Ac"er*ous (#), a. Same as Acerose.

                                    Acerous

   Ac"er*ous,  a.  [Gr.  &a;  priv.  +  &keras;  a  horn.] (Zo\'94l.) (a)
   Destitute  of  tentacles, as certain mollusks. (b) Without antenn\'91,
   as some insects.

                                    Acerval

   A*cer"val  (#),  a.  [L. acervalis, fr. acervus heap.] Pertaining to a
   heap. [Obs.]

                                   Acervate

   A*cer"vate (#), v. t. [L. acervatus, p. p. of acervare to heap up, fr.
   acervus heap.] To heap up. [Obs.]

                                   Acervate

   A*cer"vate  (#),  a. Heaped, or growing in heaps, or closely compacted
   clusters.

                                  Acervation

   Ac`er*va"tion (#), n. [L. acervatio.] A heaping up; accumulation. [R.]
   Johnson.

                                  Acervative

   A*cer"va*tive (#), a. Heaped up; tending to heap up.

                                   Acervose

   A*cer"vose (#), a. Full of heaps. [R.] Bailey.

                                  Acervuline

   A*cer"vu*line (#), a. Resembling little heaps.

                             Acescence, Acescency

   A*ces"cence   (#),   A*ces"cen*cy  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  acescence.  See
   Acescent.]  The  quality  of  being  acescent;  the process of acetous
   fermentation; a moderate degree of sourness. Johnson.

                                   Acescent

   A*ces"cent  (#),  a.  [L. acescens, -entis, p. pr. of acescere to turn
   sour;  inchoative  of  acere  to  be sour: cf. F. acescent. See Acid.]
   Turning sour; readily becoming tart or acid; slightly sour. Faraday.

                                   Acescent

   A*ces"cent, n. A substance liable to become sour.

                                   Acetable

   Ac"e*ta*ble  (#),  n.  An  acetabulum;  or about one eighth of a pint.
   [Obs.] Holland.

                                  Acetabular

   Ac`e*tab"u*lar (#), a. Cup-shaped; saucer-shaped; acetabuliform.

                                 Acetabulifera

   Ac`e*tab`u*lif"e*ra  (#), n. pl. [NL. See Acetabuliferous.] (Zo\'94l.)
   The  division  of  Cephalopoda  in  which  the arms are furnished with
   cup-shaped  suckers,  as  the  cuttlefishes,  squids, and octopus; the
   Dibranchiata. See Cephalopoda.

                                Acetabuliferous

   Ac`e*tab`u*lif"er*ous  (#),  a. [L. acetablum a little cup + -ferous.]
   Furnished with fleshy cups for adhering to bodies, as cuttlefish, etc.

                                 Acetabuliform

   Ac`e*tab"u*li*form (#), a. [L. acetabulum + -form.] (Bot.) Shaped like
   a shallow; saucer-shaped; as, an acetabuliform calyx. Gray.

                                  Acetabulum

   Ac`e*tab"u*lum  (#),  n.  [L., a little saucer for vinegar, fr. acetum
   vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.]

   1.  (Rom.  Antiq.) A vinegar cup; socket of the hip bone; a measure of
   about one eighth of a pint, etc.

   2. (Anat.) (a) The bony cup which receives the head of the thigh bone.
   (b)  The  cavity  in  which  the  leg  of an insect is inserted at its
   articulation  with  the  body. (c) A sucker of the sepia or cuttlefish
   and  related  animals.  (d) The large posterior sucker of the leeches.
   (e) One of the lobes of the placenta in ruminating animals.

                                    Acetal

   Ac"e*tal  (#),  n.  [Acetic  +  alcohol.] (Chem.) A limpid, colorless,
   inflammable  liquid  from  the  slow  oxidation  of  alcohol under the
   influence of platinum black.

                                 Acetaldehyde

   Ac`et*al"de*hyde (#), n. Acetic aldehyde. See Aldehyde.

                                   Acetamide

   Ac`et*am"ide  (#),  n.  [Acetyl  + amide.] (Chem.) A white crystalline
   solid,  from  ammonia  by  replacement of an equivalent of hydrogen by
   acetyl.

                                  Acetanilide

   Ac`et*an"i*lide  (#),  n.  [Acetyl  +  anilide.]  (Med.) A compound of
   aniline  with  acetyl,  used  to  allay  fever or pain; -- called also
   antifebrine.

                                  Acetarious

   Ac`e*ta"ri*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  acetaria,  n.  pl.,  salad,  fr. acetum
   vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.] Used in salads; as, acetarious plants.
   <-- p. 15 -->

                                    Acetary

   Ac"e*ta*ry (#), n. [L. acetaria salad plants.] An acid pulp in certain
   fruits, as the pear. Grew.

                                    Acetate

   Ac"e*tate (#), n. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.] (Chem.) A
   salt  formed  by  the  union  of  acetic  acid with a base or positive
   radical; as, acetate of lead, acetate of potash.

                                   Acetated

   Ac"e*ta`ted (#), a. Combined with acetic acid.

                                    Acetic

   A*ce"tic  (#;  277),  a.  [L.  acetum  vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.]
   (Chem.)  (a)  Of a pertaining to vinegar; producing vinegar; producing
   vinegar;  as,  acetic  fermentation. (b) Pertaining to, containing, or
   derived  from, acetyl, as acetic ether, acetic acid. The latter is the
   acid to which the sour taste of vinegar is due.

                                 Acetification

   A*cet`i*fi*ca"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of making acetous or sour; the
   process of converting, or of becoming converted, into vinegar.

                                   Acetifier

   A*cet"i*fi`er  (#),  n.  An  apparatus  for  hastening  acetification.
   Knight.

                                    Acetify

   A*cet"i*fy  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Acetified (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Acetifying  (#).]  [L. acetum vinegar + -fly.] To convert into acid or
   vinegar.

                                    Acetify

   A*cet"i*fy, v. i. To turn acid. Encyc. Dom. Econ.

                                  Acetimeter

   Ac`e*tim"e*ter   (#),   n.   [L.  acetum  vinegar  +  -meter:  cf.  F.
   ac\'82tim\'8atre.]  An  instrument for estimating the amount of acetic
   acid in vinegar or in any liquid containing acetic acid.

                                  Acetimetry

   Ac`e*tim"e*try  (#), n. The act or method of ascertaining the strength
   of vinegar, or the proportion of acetic acid contained in it. Ure.

                                    Acetin

   Ac"e*tin  (#),  n. (Chem.) A combination of acetic acid with glycerin.
   Brande & C.

                                    Acetize

   Ac"e*tize (#), v. i. To acetify. [R.]

                                  Acetometer

   Ac`e*tom"e*ter (#), n. Same as Acetimeter. Brande & C.

                                    Acetone

   Ac"e*tone  (#),  n. [See Acetic.] (Chem.) A volatile liquid consisting
   of  three  parts  of  carbon,  six  of  hydrogen,  and  one of oxygen;
   pyroacetic   spirit,  --  obtained  by  the  distillation  of  certain
   acetates,  or  by the destructive distillation of citric acid, starch,
   sugar, or gum, with quicklime.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm in  al so ap plied to a number of bodies of
     similar constitution, more frequently called ketones. See Ketone.

                                   Acetonic

   Ac`e*ton"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to acetone; as, acetonic bodies.

                                    Acetose

   Ac"e*tose (#), a. Sour like vinegar; acetous.

                                   Acetosity

   Ac`e*tos"i*ty  (#),  n.  [LL. acetositas. See Acetous.] The quality of
   being acetous; sourness.

                                    Acetous

   A*ce"tous (#; 277), a. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.]

   1.  Having  a  sour  taste; sour; acid. "An acetous spirit." Boyle. "A
   liquid of an acetous kind." Bp. Lowth.

   2.   Causing,   or   connected   with,   acetification;   as,  acetous
   fermentation.
   Acetous  acid,  a  name  formerly  given  to vinegar<-- which contains
   acetic acid -->.

                                    Acetyl

   Ac"e*tyl  (#),  n.  [L.  acetum vinegar + Gr. -yl.] (Chem.) A complex,
   hypothetical  radical,  composed  of  two  parts of carbon to three of
   hydrogen and one of oxygen. Its hydroxide is acetic acid.

                                   Acetylene

   A*cet"y*lene  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  A  gaseous  compound  of  carbon  and
   hydrogen,  in  the proportion of two atoms of the former to two of the
   latter.  It  is a colorless gas, with a peculiar, unpleasant odor, and
   is  produced  for  use as an illuminating gas in a number of ways, but
   chiefly  by  the action of water on calcium carbide. Its light is very
   brilliant. Watts.

                                   Ach, Ache

   Ach, Ache (#), n. [F. ache, L. apium parsley.] A name given to several
   species of plants; as, smallage, wild celery, parsley. [Obs.] Holland.

                              Ach\'91an, Achaian

   A*ch\'91"an  (#),  A*cha"ian  (#)  a.  [L. Achaeus, Achaius; Gr. Of or
   pertaining  to  Achaia  in  Greece;  also,  Grecian. -- n. A native of
   Achaia; a Greek.

                                  Acharnement

   A*char"ne*ment (#), n. [F.] Savage fierceness; ferocity.

                                    Achate

   Ach"ate (#), n. An agate. [Obs.] Evelyn.

                                    Achate

   A*chate" (#), n. [F. achat purchase. See Cates.]

   1. Purchase; bargaining. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. pl. Provisions. Same as Cates. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                   Achatina

   Ach`a*ti"na  (#), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of land snails,
   often large, common in the warm parts of America and Africa.

                                   Achatour

   A*cha*tour" (#), n. [See Cater.] Purveyor; acater. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Ache

   Ache  (#),  n. [OE. ache, AS. \'91ce, ece, fr. acan to ache. See Ache,
   v.  i.]  Continued  pain,  as  distinguished  from  sudden twinges, or
   spasmodic pain. "Such an ache in my bones." Shak.

     NOTE: &hand; Often used in composition, as, a headache, an earache,
     a toothache.

                                     Ache

   Ache  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ached (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Aching (#).]
   [OE.  aken,  AS.  acan, both strong verbs, AS. acan, imp. \'d3c, p. p.
   acen,  to  ache;  perh.  orig. to drive, and akin to agent.] To suffer
   pain; to have, or be in, pain, or in continued pain; to be distressed.
   "My old bones ache." Shak.

     The sins that in your conscience ache. Keble.

                                    Achean

   A*che"an (#), a & n. See Ach\'91an, Achaian.

                               Achene, Achenium

   A*chene" (#), A*che"ni*um (#) n. [Gr. (Bot.) A small, dry, indehiscent
   fruit,  containing  a  single  seed,  as in the buttercup; -- called a
   naked   seed  by  the  earlier  botanists.  [Written  also  akene  and
   ach\'91nium.]

                                   Achenial

   A*che"ni*al (#), a. Pertaining to an achene.

                                    Acheron

   Ach"e*ron  (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Myth.) A river in the Nether World or
   infernal  regions;  also,  the infernal regions themselves. By some of
   the English poets it was supposed to be a flaming lake or gulf. Shak.

                                  Acherontic

   Ach`e*ron"tic  (#),  a.  Of or pertaining to Acheron; infernal; hence,
   dismal, gloomy; moribund.

                                  Achievable

   A*chiev"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being achieved. Barrow.

                                  Achievance

   A*chiev"ance  (#),  n. [Cf. OF. achevance.] Achievement. [Obs.] Sir T.
   Elyot.

                                    Achieve

   A*chieve"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Achieved (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Achieving  (#).]  [OE.  acheven, OF. achever, achiever, F. achever, to
   finish;  \'85  (L.  ad)  + OF. chief, F. chef, end, head, fr. L. caput
   head. See Chief.]

   1.  To carry on to a final close; to bring out into a perfected state;
   to  accomplish;  to  perform; -- as, to achieve a feat, an exploit, an
   enterprise.

     Supposing  faculties  and  powers  to  be the same, far more may be
     achieved  in  any line by the aid of a capital, invigorating motive
     than without it. I. Taylor.

   2.  To  obtain,  or  gain,  as  the  result of exertion; to succeed in
   gaining; to win.

     Some are born great, some achieve greatness. Shak.

     Thou hast achieved our liberty. Milton.

     NOTE: [[Obs]., with a material thing as the aim.]

     Show all the spoils by valiant kings achieved. Prior.

     He hath achieved a maid That paragons description. Shak.

   3.  To  finish;  to  kill. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- To accomplish; effect;
   fulfill; complete; execute; perform; realize; obtain. See Accomplish.

                                  Achievement

   A*chieve"ment (#), n. [Cf. F. ach\'8avement, E. Hatchment.]

   1.  The  act  of  achieving  or  performing; an obtaining by exertion;
   successful  performance;  accomplishment;  as,  the achievement of his
   object.

   2.  A great or heroic deed; something accomplished by valor, boldness,
   or praiseworthy exertion; a feat.

     [The  exploits] of the ancient saints . . . do far surpass the most
     famous achievements of pagan heroes. Barrow.

     The highest achievements of the human intellect. Macaulay.

   3.  (Her.)  An escutcheon or ensign armorial; now generally applied to
   the funeral shield commonly called hatchment. Cussans.

                                   Achiever

   A*chiev"er (#), n. One who achieves; a winner.

                                   Achillean

   Ach`il*le"an  (#),  a.  Resembling  Achilles,  the  hero of the Iliad;
   invincible.

                               Achilles' tendon

   A*chil"les'  ten"don  (#),  n. [L. Achillis tendo.] (Anat.) The strong
   tendon  formed  of the united tendons of the large muscles in the calf
   of  the  leg, an inserted into the bone of the heel; -- so called from
   the  mythological  account  of  Achilles  being  held by the heel when
   dipped in the River Styx.

                                   Achilous

   A*chi"lous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Without a lip.

                                    Aching

   Ach"ing  (#),  a.  That  aches;  continuously  painful.  See  Ache. --
   Ach"ing*ly, adv.

     The aching heart, the aching head. Longfellow.

                                    Achiote

   A`chi*o"te  (#),  n.  [Sp.  achiote, fr. Indian achiotl.] Seeds of the
   annotto tree; also, the coloring matter, annotto.

                                  Achlamydate

   A*chlam"y*date  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) Not possessing a mantle; --
   said of certain gastropods.

                                 Achlamydeous

   Ach`la*myd"e*ous  (#),  a.  (Bot.)  Naked;  having no floral envelope,
   neither calyx nor corolla.

                                    Acholia

   A*cho"li*a (#), n. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) Deficiency or want of bile.

                                   Acholous

   Ach"o*lous (#), a. (Med.) Lacking bile.

                                  Achromatic

   Ach`ro*mat"ic (#), a. [Gr. achromatique.]

   1.  (Opt.)  Free from color; transmitting light without decomposing it
   into its primary colors.

   2.  (Biol.)  Uncolored;  not  absorbing color from a fluid; -- said of
   tissue.
   Achromatic  lens  (Opt.),  a  lens  composed  usually  of two separate
   lenses,   a   convex  and  concave,  of  substances  having  different
   refractive  and  dispersive powers, as crown and flint glass, with the
   curvatures  so  adjusted that the chromatic aberration produced by the
   one  is  corrected  by other, and light emerges from the compound lens
   undecomposed. -- Achromatic prism. See Prism. -- Achromatic telescope,
   or  microscope,  one  in  which the chromatic aberration is corrected,
   usually  by  means of a compound or achromatic object glass, and which
   gives images free from extraneous color.

                                Achromatically

   Ach`ro*mat"ic*al*ly (#), adv. In an achromatic manner.

                                 Achromaticity

   Ach`ro*ma*tic"i*ty (#), n. Achromatism.

                                  Achromatin

   A*chro"ma*tin  (#),  n.  (Biol.)  Tissue which is not stained by fluid
   dyes. W. Flemming.

                                  Achromatism

   A*chro"ma*tism  (#), n. [Cf. F. achromatisme.] The state or quality of
   being  achromatic;  as,  the  achromatism  of  a  lens; achromaticity.
   Nichol.

                                Achromatization

   A*chro`ma*ti*za"tion  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  achromatisation.] The act or
   process of achromatizing.

                                  Achromatize

   A*chro"ma*tize (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Achromatized (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n. Achromatizing (#).] [Gr. To deprive of color; to make achromatic.

                                 Achromatopsy

   A*chro"ma*top"sy   (#),   n.   [Gr.   Color  blindness;  inability  to
   distinguish colors; Daltonism.

                                   Achronic

   A*chron"ic (#), a. See Acronyc.

                               Achro\'94dextrin

   Ach`ro*\'94*dex"trin  (#),  n. [Gr. dextrin.] (Physiol. Chem.) Dextrin
   not colorable by iodine. See Dextrin.

                                   Achroous

   Ach"ro*ous (#), a. [Gr. Colorless; achromatic.

                                   Achylous

   A*chy"lous (#), a. [Gr. (Physiol.) Without chyle.

                                   Achymous

   A*chy"mous (#), a. [Gr. (Physiol.) Without chyme.

                                    Acicula

   A*cic"u*la (#), n.; pl. Acicul\'91 (#). [L., a small needle, dimin. of
   acus needle.] (Nat. Hist.) One of the needlelike or bristlelike spines
   or prickles of some animals and plants; also, a needlelike crystal.

                                   Acicular

   A*cic"u*lar  (#),  a. Needle-shaped; slender like a needle or bristle,
   as  some  leaves or crystals; also, having sharp points like needless.
   A*cic"u*lar*ly, adv.

                             Aciculate, Aciculated

   A*cic"u*late  (#),  A*cic"u*la"ted  (#)  a. (Nat. Hist.) (a) Furnished
   with  acicul\'91. (b) Acicular. (c) Marked with fine irregular streaks
   as if scratched by a needle. Lindley.

                                  Aciculiform

   A*cic"u*li*form  (#),  a.  [L. acicula needle + -form.] Needle-shaped;
   acicular.

                                   Aciculite

   A*cic"u*lite (#), n. (Min.) Needle ore. Brande & C.

                                     Acid

   Ac"id  (#),  a.  [L.  acidus sour, fr. the root ak to be sharp: cf. F.
   acide. Cf. Acute.]

   1.  Sour,  sharp,  or  biting  to the taste; tart; having the taste of
   vinegar: as, acid fruits or liquors. Also fig.: Sour-tempered.

     He was stern and his face as acid as ever. A. Trollope.

   2. Of or pertaining to an acid; as, acid reaction.

                                     Acid

   Ac"id, n.

   1. A sour substance.

   2.  (Chem.)  One  of  a  class  of compounds, generally but not always
   distinguished  by their sour taste, solubility in water, and reddening
   of vegetable blue or violet colors. They are also characterized by the
   power  of  destroying the distinctive properties of alkalies or bases,
   combining  with  them to form salts, at the same time losing their own
   peculiar  properties.  They  all  contain hydrogen, united with a more
   negative  element  or  radical,  either  alone, or more generally with
   oxygen,  and  take  their names from this negative element or radical.
   Those  which  contain  no  oxygen  are  sometimes  called hydracids in
   distinction from the others which are called oxygen acids or oxacids.

     NOTE: &hand; In  certain cases, sulphur, selenium, or tellurium may
     take  the  place  of  oxygen,  and  the corresponding compounds are
     called respectively sulphur acids or sulphacids, selenium acids, or
     tellurium  acids.  When  the  hydrogen  of an acid is replaced by a
     positive  element or radical, a salt is formed, and hence acids are
     sometimes  named  as  salts  of  hydrogen;  as hydrogen nitrate for
     nitric  acid, hydrogen sulphate for sulphuric acid, etc. In the old
     chemistry  the  name acid was applied to the oxides of the negative
     or nonmetallic elements, now sometimes called anhydrides.

                                    Acidic

   A*cid"ic  (#),  a.  (Min.)  Containing a high percentage of silica; --
   opposed  to basic. <-- 2. of or relating to acid; having the character
   of an acid, as an acidic solution. -->

                                  Acidiferous

   Ac`id*if"er*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  acidus  sour + -ferous.] Containing or
   yielding an acid.

                                  Acidifiable

   A*cid"i*fi`a*ble (#), a. Capable of being acidified, or converted into
   an acid.

                                   Acidific

   Ac`id*if"ic (#), a. Producing acidity; converting into an acid. Dana.

                                 Acidification

   A*cid`i*fi*ca"tion  (#), n. [Cf. F. acidification.] The act or process
   of acidifying, or changing into an acid.

                                   Acidifier

   A*cid"i*fi`er  (#),  n.  (Chem.) A simple or compound principle, whose
   presence  is  necessary  to  produce  acidity,  as  oxygen,  chlorine,
   bromine, iodine, etc.

                                    Acidify

   A*cid"i*fy  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Acidified (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Acidifying (#).] [L. acidus sour, acid + -fy: cf. F. acidifier.]

   1. To make acid; to convert into an acid; as, to acidify sugar.

   2. To sour; to imbitter.

     His thin existence all acidified into rage. Carlyle.

                                  Acidimeter

   Ac`id*im"e*ter   (#),  n.  [L.  acidus  acid  +  -meter.]  (Chem.)  An
   instrument for ascertaining the strength of acids. Ure.

                                  Acidimetry

   Ac`id*im"e*try  (#),  n.  [L.  acidus  acid  +  -metry.]  (Chem.)  The
   measurement of the strength of acids, especially by a chemical process
   based  on  the  law  of  chemical  combinations,  or the fact that, to
   produce  a  complete reaction, a certain definite weight of reagent is
   required. -- Ac`id*i*met"ric*al (#), a.

                                    Acidity

   A*cid"i*ty  (#),  n.  [L. acidites, fr. acidus: cf. F. acidit\'82. See
   Acid.] The quality of being sour; sourness; tartness; sharpness to the
   taste; as, the acidity of lemon juice.

                                    Acidly

   Ac"id*ly (#), adv. Sourly; tartly.

                                   Acidness

   Ac"id*ness (#), n. Acidity; sourness.

                                   Acidulate

   A*cid"u*late  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acidulated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Acidulating  (#).]  [Cf.  F. aciduler. See Acidulous.] To make sour or
   acid in a moderate degree; to sour somewhat. Arbuthnot.

                                   Acidulent

   A*cid"u*lent  (#),  a.  Having an acid quality; sour; acidulous. "With
   anxious, acidulent face." Carlyle.

                                   Acidulous

   A*cid"u*lous (#), a. [L. acidulus, dim. of acidus. See Acid.] Slightly
   sour;   sub-acid;  sourish;  as,  an  acidulous  tincture.  E.  Burke.
   Acidulous mineral waters, such as contain carbonic anhydride.

                                   Acierage

   Ac`i*er*age  (#), n. [F. aci\'82rage, fr. acier steel.] The process of
   coating  the  surface  of  a  metal plate (as a stereotype plate) with
   steellike iron by means of voltaic electricity; steeling.

                                    Aciform

   Ac"i*form (#), a. [L. acus needle + -form.] Shaped like a needle.

                                  Acinaceous

   Ac"i*na"ceous   (#),  a.  [L.  acinus  a  grape,  grapestone.]  (Bot.)
   Containing seeds or stones of grapes, or grains like them.

                                   Acinaces

   A*cin"a*ces (#), n. [L., from Gr. (Anc. Hist.) A short sword or saber.

                                  Acinaciform

   Ac`i*nac"i*form  (#),  a.  [L.  acinaces a short sword + -form: cf. F.
   acinaciforme.] (Bot.) Scimeter-shaped; as, an acinaciform leaf.

                                   Acinesia

   Ac`i*ne"si*a (#), n. (Med.) Same as Akinesia.

                                  Acinet\'91

   Ac`i*ne"t\'91  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  group of
   suctorial  Infusoria,  which  in  the  adult stage are stationary. See
   Suctoria.

                                  Acinetiform

   Ac`i*net"i*form  (#),  a.  [Acinet\'91 + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling
   the Acinet\'91.

                                   Aciniform

   A*cin"i*form  (#),  a.  [L. acinus a grape, grapestone + -form: cf. F.
   acinoforme.]

   1. Having the form of a cluster of grapes; clustered like grapes.

   2. Full of small kernels like a grape.

                               Acinose, Acinous

   Ac"i*nose` (#), Ac"i*nous (#) a. [L. acinosus, fr. acinus grapestone.]
   Consisting  of  acini,  or minute granular concretions; as, acinose or
   acinous glands. Kirwan.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 16

                                    Acinus

   Ac"i*nus (#), n.; pl. Acini (#). [L., grape, grapestone.]

   1.  (Bot.) (a) One of the small grains or drupelets which make up some
   kinds of fruit, as the blackberry, raspberry, etc. (b) A grapestone.

   2.  (Anat.)  One of the granular masses which constitute a racemose or
   compound gland, as the pancreas; also, one of the saccular recesses in
   the lobules of a racemose gland. Quain.

                                   Acipenser

   Ac`i*pen"ser  (#),  n. [L., the name of a fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
   ganoid  fishes,  including  the  sturgeons, having the body armed with
   bony  scales,  and  the  mouth  on  the  under  side  of the head. See
   Sturgeon.

                                    Aciurgy

   Ac"i*ur`gy (#), n. [Gr. Operative surgery.

                                    Acknow

   Ac*know" (#), v. t. [Pref. a- + know; AS. oncn\'bewan.]

   1. To recognize. [Obs.] "You will not be acknown, sir." B. Jonson.

   2. To acknowledge; to confess. [Obs.] Chaucer.
   To  be  acknown  (often  with  of  or on), to acknowledge; to confess.
   [Obs.]
   
     We say of a stubborn body that standeth still in the denying of his
     fault,  This man will not acknowledge his fault, or, He will not be
     acknown of his fault. Sir T. More.
     
                                  Acknowledge
                                       
   Ac*knowl"edge  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acknowledged (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Acknowledging  (#).] [Prob. fr. pref. a- + the verb knowledge. See
   Knowledge, and ci. Acknow.]
   
   1.  To  of or admit the knowledge of; to recognize as a fact or truth;
   to declare one's belief in; as, to acknowledge the being of a God.
   
     I acknowledge my transgressions. Ps. li. 3.

     For ends generally acknowledged to be good. Macaulay.

   2.  To  own or recognize in a particular character or relationship; to
   admit the claims or authority of; to give recognition to.

     In all thy ways acknowledge Him. Prov. iii. 6.

     By my soul, I'll ne'er acknowledge thee. Shak.

   3.  To  own  with  gratitude  or as a benefit or an obligation; as, to
   acknowledge a favor, the receipt of a letter.

     They his gifts acknowledged none. Milton.

   4.  To own as genuine; to assent to, as a legal instrument, to give it
   validity;  to  avow  or admit in legal form; as, to acknowledgea deed.
   Syn.  --  To  avow;  proclaim;  recognize; own; admit; allow; concede;
   confess.  --  Acknowledge,  Recognize.  Acknowledge is opposed to keep
   back,  or  conceal,  and  supposes  that something had been previously
   known  to us (though perhaps not to others) which we now feel bound to
   lay  open  or make public. Thus, a man acknowledges a secret marriage;
   one who has done wrong acknowledges his fault; and author acknowledges
   his  obligation  to  those  who  have  aided  him;  we acknowledge our
   ignorance. Recognize supposes that we have either forgotten or not had
   the  evidence  of a thing distinctly before our minds, but that now we
   know  it  (as  it were) anew, or receive and admit in on the ground of
   the  evidence  it  brings.  Thus,  we  recognize a friend after a long
   absence.  We  recognize  facts,  principles,  truths, etc., when their
   evidence  is  brought  up  fresh  to  the  mind;  as,  bad men usually
   recognize  the  providence  of  God  in  seasons  of danger. A foreign
   minister,  consul,  or agent, of any kind, is recognized on the ground
   of his producing satisfactory credentials. See also Confess.

                                Acknowledgedly

   Ac*knowl"edged*ly (#), adv. Confessedly.

                                 Acknowledger

   Ac*knowl"edg*er (#), n. One who acknowledges.

                                Acknowledgment

   Ac*knowl"edg*ment (#), n.

   1.  The  act  of acknowledging; admission; avowal; owning; confession.
   "An acknowledgment of fault." Froude.

   2.  The  act  of  owning  or  recognized  in a particular character or
   relationship;  recognition as regards the existence, authority, truth,
   or genuineness.

     Immediately  upon  the  acknowledgment  of the Christian faith, the
     eunuch was baptized by Philip. Hooker.

   3. The owning of a benefit received; courteous recognition; expression
   of thanks. Shak.

   4.  Something  given  or  done  in  return  for a favor, message, etc.
   Smollett.

   5.  A  declaration  or  avowal  of  one's  own  act,  to give it legal
   validity;  as,  the  acknowledgment of a deed before a proper officer.
   Also, the certificate of the officer attesting such declaration.
   Acknowledgment money, in some parts of England, a sum paid by copyhold
   tenants,  on  the  death  of  their landlords, as an acknowledgment of
   their  new lords. Cowell. Syn. -- Confession; concession; recognition;
   admission; avowal; recognizance.

                                    Aclinic

   A*clin"ic  (#),  a. [Gr. (Physics.) Without inclination or dipping; --
   said  the magnetic needle balances itself horizontally, having no dip.
   The aclinic line is also termed the magnetic equator. Prof. August.

                                     Acme

   Ac"me (#), n. [Gr.

   1. The top or highest point; the culmination.

     The very acme and pitch of life for epic poetry. Pope.

     The  moment when a certain power reaches the acme of its supremacy.
     I. Taylor.

   2. (Med.) The crisis or height of a disease.

   3. Mature age; full bloom of life. B. Jonson.

                                     Acne

   Ac"ne  (#),  n.  [NL.,  prob.  a  corruption  of Gr. (Med.) A pustular
   affection of the skin, due to changes in the sebaceous glands.

                                    Acnodal

   Ac*no"dal (#), a. Pertaining to acnodes.

                                    Acnode

   Ac"node  (#), n. [L. acus needle + E. node.] (Geom.) An isolated point
   not upon a curve, but whose co\'94rdinates satisfy the equation of the
   curve so that it is considered as belonging to the curve.

                                     Acock

   A*cock" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + cock.] In a cocked or turned up fashion.

                                   Acockbill

   A*cock"bill`  (#),  adv.  [Prefix  a- + cock + bill: with bills cocked
   up.]  (Naut.)  (a)  Hanging  at  the  cathead,  ready to let go, as an
   anchor. (b) Topped up; having one yardarm higher than the other.

                                     Acold

   A*cold"  (#),  a. [Prob. p. p. of OE. acolen to grow cold or cool, AS.
   \'bec\'d3lian  to  grow  cold;  pref. a- (cf. Goth. er-, orig. meaning
   out)  + c\'d3lian to cool. See Cool.] Cold. [Obs.] "Poor Tom's acold."
   Shak.

                                   Acologic

   Ac`o*log"ic (#), a. Pertaining to acology.

                                    Acology

   A*col"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -logy.]  Materia  medica;  the  science of
   remedies.

                                  Acolothist

   A*col"o*thist (#), n. See Acolythist.

                                  Acolyctine

   Ac`o*lyc"tine (#), n. [From the name of the plant.] (Chem.) An organic
   base,   in  the  form  of  a  white  powder,  obtained  from  Aconitum
   lycoctonum. Eng. Cyc.

                                    Acolyte

   Ac`o*lyte (#), n. [LL. acolythus, acoluthus, Gr. acolyte.]

   1.  (Eccl.)  One who has received the highest of the four minor orders
   in the Catholic church, being ordained to carry the wine and water and
   the lights at the Mass.

   2.  One  who  attends; an assistant. "With such chiefs, and with James
   and John as acolytes." Motley.

                                    Acolyth

   Ac"o*lyth (#), n. Same as Acolyte.

                                  Acolythist

   A*col"y*thist (#), n. An acolyte. [Obs.]

                            Aconddylose, Acondylous

   A*cond"dy*lose`  (#),  A*con"dy*lous  (#),  a. [Gr. (Nat. Hist.) Being
   without joints; jointless.

                                   Aconital

   Ac`o*ni"tal (#), a. Of the nature of aconite.

                                    Aconite

   Ac"o*nite (#), n. [L. aconitum, Gr. aconit.]

   1. (Bot.) The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; -- applied to any plant of
   the  genus  Aconitum  (tribe  Hellebore), all the species of which are
   poisonous.

   2.  An  extract or tincture obtained from Aconitum napellus, used as a
   poison and medicinally.
   Winter aconite, a plant (Eranthis hyemalis) allied to the aconites.

                                   Aconitia

   Ac`o*ni"ti*a (#), n. (Chem.) Same as Aconitine.

                                   Aconitic

   Ac`o*nit"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to aconite.

                                   Aconitine

   A*con"i*tine   (#),   n.  (Chem.)  An  intensely  poisonous  alkaloid,
   extracted from aconite.

                                   Aconitum

   Ac`o*ni"tum  (#),  n.  [L.  See  Aconite.] The poisonous herb aconite;
   also, an extract from it.

     Strong As aconitum or rash gunpowder. Shak.

                                    Acontia

   A*con"ti*a  (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Threadlike defensive
   organs,  composed  largely of nettling cells (cnid\'91), thrown out of
   the mouth or special pores of certain Actini\'91 when irritated.

                                   Acontias

   A*con"ti*as  (#),  n.  [NL.,  from  Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Anciently, a snake,
   called  dart  snake; now, one of a genus of reptiles closely allied to
   the lizards.

                                    Acopic

   A*cop"ic (#), a. [Gr. priv. + (Med.) Relieving weariness; restorative.

                                     Acorn

   A"corn (#), n. [AS. \'91cern, fr. \'91cer field, acre; akin to D. aker
   acorn,  Ger.  ecker,  Icel. akarn, Dan. agern, Goth. akran fruit, akrs
   field; -- orig. fruit of the field. See Acre.]

   1.  The  fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup or
   cupule.

   2.  (Naut.)  A  cone-shaped  piece of wood on the point of the spindle
   above the vane, on the mast-head.

   3. (Zo\'94l.) See Acorn-shell.

                                   Acorn cup

   A"corn cup (#). The involucre or cup in which the acorn is fixed.

                                    Acorned

   A"corned (#), a.

   1. Furnished or loaded with acorns.

   2. Fed or filled with acorns. [R.] Shak.

                                  Acorn-shell

   A"corn-shell`  (#),  n.  (Zo\'94l.)  One  of  the sessile cirripeds; a
   barnacle of the genus Balanus. See Barnacle.

                                   Acosmism

   A*cos"mism  (#),  n. [Gr. A denial of the existence of the universe as
   distinct from God.

                                   Acosmist

   A*cos"mist (#), n. [See Acosmism.] One who denies the existence of the
   universe, or of a universe as distinct from God. G. H. Lewes.

                                  Acotyledon

   A*cot`y*le"don  (#; 277), n. [Gr. Cotyledon.] (Bot.) A plant which has
   no cotyledons, as the dodder and all flowerless plants.

                                 Acotyledonous

   A*cot`y*led"on*ous  (#;  277), a. Having no seed lobes, as the dodder;
   also  applied  to  plants  which have no true seeds, as ferns, mosses,
   etc.

                                    Acouchy

   A*cou"chy   (#),  n.  [F.  acouchi,  from  the  native  name  Guiana.]
   (Zo\'94l.) A small species of agouti (Dasyprocta acouchy).

                                   Acoumeter

   A*cou"me*ter  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -meter.]  (Physics.)  An  instrument for
   measuring the acuteness of the sense of hearing. Itard.

                                   Acoumetry

   A*cou"me*try  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -metry.]  The  measuring of the power or
   extent of hearing.

                                   Acoustic

   A*cous"tic (#; 277), a. [F. acoustique, Gr. Pertaining to the sense of
   hearing,  the  organs  of hearing, or the science of sounds; auditory.
   Acoustic  duct,  the auditory duct, or external passage of the ear. --
   Acoustic  telegraph,  a telegraph making audible signals; a telephone.
   -- Acoustic vessels, brazen tubes or vessels, shaped like a bell, used
   in  ancient  theaters  to  propel  the  voices of the actors, so as to
   render them audible to a great distance.

                                   Acoustic

   A*cous"tic, n. A medicine or agent to assist hearing.

                                  Acoustical

   A*cous"tic*al (#), a. Of or pertaining to acoustics.

                                 Acoustically

   A*cous"tic*al*ly  (#),  adv.  In  relation  to  sound  or  to hearing.
   Tyndall.

                                  Acoustician

   Ac`ous*ti"cian (#), n. One versed in acoustics. Tyndall.

                                   Acoustics

   A*cous"tics  (#;  277),  n. [Names of sciences in -ics, as, acoustics,
   mathematics,  etc.,  are  usually  treated  as  singular.  See  -ics.]
   (Physics.)  The  science  of sounds, teaching their nature, phenomena,
   and laws.

     Acoustics,  then,  or  the science of sound, is a very considerable
     branch of physics. Sir J. Herschel.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e sc ience is , by  so me wr iters, di vided, in to
     diacoustics,   which  explains  the  properties  of  sounds  coming
     directly  from the ear; and catacoustica, which treats of reflected
     sounds or echoes.

                                   Acquaint

   Ac*quaint"  (#),  a.  [OF.  acoint.  See  Acquaint, v. t.] Acquainted.
   [Obs.]

                                   Acquaint

   Ac*quaint",  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Acquainted;  p.  pr.  &  vb. n.
   Acquainting.]   [OE.   aqueinten,   acointen,   OF.   acointier,   LL.
   adcognitare, fr. L. ad + cognitus, p. p. of cognoscere to know; con- +
   noscere to know. See Quaint, Know.]

   1.  To  furnish  or  give  experimental knowledge of; to make (one) to
   know; to make familiar; -- followed by with.

     Before  a  man  can  speak  on  any  subject, it is necessary to be
     acquainted with it. Locke.

     A man of sorrows and acquainted with grief. Isa. liii. 3.

   2. To communicate notice to; to inform; to make cognizant; -- followed
   by  with  (formerly,  also,  by  of),  or  by  that,  introducing  the
   intelligence; as, to acquaint a friend with the particulars of an act.

     Acquaint her here of my son Paris' love. Shak.

     I  must  acquaint  you  that I have received New dated letters from
     Northumberland. Shak.

   3. To familiarize; to accustom. [Obs.] Evelyn.
   To be acquainted with, to be possessed of personal knowledge of; to be
   cognizant  of;  to  be  more  or less familiar with; to be on terms of
   social  intercourse  with.  Syn.  --  To inform; apprise; communicate;
   advise.

                                 Acquaintable

   Ac*quaint"a*ble  (#),  a.  [Cf. OF. acointable]. Easy to be acquainted
   with; affable. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

                                 Acquaintance

   Ac*quaint"ance   (#),   n.   [OE.  aqueintance,  OF.  acointance,  fr.
   acointier. See Acquaint.]

   1.  A  state  of being acquainted, or of having intimate, or more than
   slight   or  superficial,  knowledge;  personal  knowledge  gained  by
   intercourse  short  of  that of friendship or intimacy; as, I know the
   man; but have no acquaintance with him.

     Contract  no friendship, or even acquaintance, with a guileful man.
     Sir W. Jones.

   2. A person or persons with whom one is acquainted.

     Montgomery was an old acquaintance of Ferguson. Macaulay.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th is se nse th e collective term acquaintance was
     formerly both singular and plural, but it is now commonly singular,
     and has the regular plural acquaintances.

   To  be  of acquaintance, to be intimate. -- To take acquaintance of or
   with,  to  make  the  acquaintance  of.  [Obs.]  Syn.  -- Familiarity;
   intimacy;   fellowship;   knowledge.   --  Acquaintance,  Familiarity,
   Intimacy.  These  words  mark different degrees of closeness in social
   intercourse.  Acquaintance arises from occasional intercourse; as, our
   acquaintance  has  been  a  brief  one. We can speak of a slight or an
   intimate   acquaintance.   Familiarity  is  the  result  of  continued
   acquaintance. It springs from persons being frequently together, so as
   to  wear  off  all  restraint  and reserve; as, the familiarity of old
   companions. Intimacy is the result of close connection, and the freest
   interchange of thought; as, the intimacy of established friendship.

     Our admiration of a famous man lessens upon our nearer acquaintance
     with him. Addison.

     We  contract  at  last  such  a  familiarity  with them as makes it
     difficult and irksome for us to call off our minds. Atterbury.

     It is in our power to confine our friendships and intimacies to men
     of virtue. Rogers.

                               Acquaintanceship

   Ac*quaint"ance*ship,  n.  A  state  of being acquainted; acquaintance.
   Southey.

                                  Acquaintant

   Ac*quaint"ant (#), n. [Cf. F. acointant, p. pr.] An acquaintance. [R.]
   Swift.

                                  Acquainted

   Ac*quaint"ed,  a.  Personally  known;  familiar.  See To be acquainted
   with, under Acquaint, v. t.

                                Acquaintedness

   Ac*quaint"ed*ness,   n.   State   of   being   acquainted;  degree  of
   acquaintance. [R.] Boyle.

                                    Acquest

   Ac*quest"  (#),  n.  [OF.  aquest,  F.  acqu\'88t,  fr. LL. acquestum,
   acquis\'c6tum,  for  L.  acquis\'c6tum,  p. p. (used substantively) of
   acquirere to acquire. See Acquire.]

   1. Acquisition; the thing gained. [R.] Bacon.

   2.  (Law)  Property  acquired  by purchase, gift, or otherwise than by
   inheritance. Bouvier.

                                   Acquiesce

   Ac`qui*esce"  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Acquiesced (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Acquiescing  (#)]  [L.  acquiescere;  ad  + quiescere to be quiet, fr.
   quies rest: cf. F. acquiescer. See Quiet.]

   1.  To  rest  satisfied,  or  apparently satisfied, or to rest without
   opposition  and  discontent  (usually  implying previous opposition or
   discontent); to accept or consent by silence or by omitting to object;
   -- followed by in, formerly also by with and to.

     They were compelled to acquiesce in a government which they did not
     regard as just. De Quincey.

   2.  To  concur  upon  conviction;  as,  to acquiesce in an opinion; to
   assent  to;  usually, to concur, not heartily but so far as to forbear
   opposition.  Syn. -- To submit; comply; yield; assent; agree; consent;
   accede; concur; conform; accept tacitly.

                                 Acquiescence

   Ac`qui*es"cence (#), n. [Cf. F. acquiescence.]

   1.  A  silent  or  passive  assent or submission, or a submission with
   apparent  content;  --  distinguished  from  avowed consent on the one
   hand,  and  on  the  other,  from opposition or open discontent; quiet
   satisfaction.

   2.  (Crim.  Law) (a) Submission to an injury by the party injured. (b)
   Tacit concurrence in the action of another. Wharton. p. 17

                                 Acquiescency

   Ac`qui*es"cen*cy   (#),   n.   The   quality   of  being  acquiescent;
   acquiescence.

                                  Acquiescent

   Ac`qui*es"cent  (#),  a. [L. acquiescens, -; p. pr.] Resting satisfied
   or   submissive;   disposed  tacitly  to  submit;  assentive;  as,  an
   acquiescent policy.

                                 Acquiescently

   Ac`qui*es"cent*ly, adv. In an acquiescent manner.

                                    Acquiet

   Ac*qui"et  (#),  v.  t. [LL. acquietare; L. ad + quies rest. See Quiet
   and cf. Acquit.] To quiet. [Obs.]

     Acquiet  his  mind from stirring you against your own peace. Sir A.
     Sherley.

                                 Acquirability

     Ac*quir"a*bil"i*ty   (#),  n.  The  quality  of  being  acquirable;
     attainableness. [R.] Paley.

                                  Acquirable

     Ac*quir"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being acquired.

                                    Acquire

     Ac*quire"  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Acquired (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
     Acquiring  (#).]  [L.  acquirere,  acquisitum; ad + quarere to seek
     for.  In OE. was a verb aqueren, fr. the same, through OF. aquerre.
     See  Quest..]  To  gain,  usually by one's own exertions; to get as
     one's  own;  as, to acquire a title, riches, knowledge, skill, good
     or bad habits.

     No virtue is acquired in an instant, but step by step. Barrow.

     Descent  is  the title whereby a man, on the death of his ancestor,
     acquires  his  estate,  by  right of representation, as his heir at
     law. Blackstone.

     Syn.  --  To  obtain; gain; attain; procure; win; earn; secure. See
     Obtain.

                                  Acquirement

     Ac*quire"ment  (#),  n.  The  act  of  acquiring,  or that which is
     acquired;  attainment.  "Rules  for  the  acquirement  of a taste."
     Addison.

     His  acquirements  by  industry were . . . enriched and enlarged by
     many excellent endowments of nature. Hayward.

     Syn. -- Acquisition, Acquirement. Acquirement is used in opposition
     to  a natural gift or talent; as, eloquence, and skill in music and
     painting,  are  acquirements;  genius  is  the gift or endowment of
     nature.  It  denotes especially personal attainments, in opposition
     to  material  or  external  things  gained,  which are more usually
     called acquisitions; but this distinction is not always observed.

                                   Acquirer

     Ac*quir"er (#), n. A person who acquires.

                                    Acquiry

     Ac*quir"y (#), n. Acquirement. [Obs.] Barrow.

                                   Acquisite

     Ac"qui*site  (#),  a.  [L.  acquisitus,  p.  p.  of  acquirere. See
     Acquire.] Acquired. [Obs.] Burton.

                                  Acquisition

     Ac`qui*si"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  acquisitio,  fr.  acquirere:  cf. F.
     acquisition. See Acquire.]

     1. The act or process of acquiring.

     The acquisition or loss of a province. Macaulay.

     2.  The  thing  acquired  or  gained;  an  acquirement; a gain; as,
     learning is an acquisition. Syn. -- See Acquirement.

                                  Acquisitive

     Ac*quis"i*tive (#), a.

     1. Acquired. [Obs.]

     He died not in his acquisitive, but in his native soil. Wotton.

     2.  Able  or  disposed  to  make  acquisitions;  acquiring;  as, an
     acquisitive person or disposition.

                                 Acquisitively

     Ac*quis"i*tive*ly, adv. In the way of acquisition.

                                Acquisitiveness

     Ac*quis"i*tive*ness, n.

     1.   The  quality  of  being  acquisitive;  propensity  to  acquire
     property; desire of possession.

     2.  (Phren.)  The  faculty to which the phrenologists attribute the
     desire of acquiring and possessing. Combe.

                                  Acquisitor

     Ac*quis"i*tor (#), n. One who acquires.

                                    Acquist

     Ac*quist" (#), n. [Cf. Acquest.] Acquisition; gain. Milton.

                                    Acquit

     Ac*quit" (#), p. p. Acquitted; set free; rid of. [Archaic] Shak.

                                    Acquit

     Ac*quit",  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Acquitted;  p.  pr.  &  vb. n.
     Acquitting.] [OE. aquiten, OF. aquiter, F. acquitter; (L. ad) + OF.
     quiter, F. quitter, to quit. See Quit, and cf. Acquiet.]

     1.  To  discharge, as a claim or debt; to clear off; to pay off; to
     requite.

     A responsibility that can never be absolutely acquitted. I. Taylor.

     2. To pay for; to atone for. [Obs.] Shak.

     3.  To  set  free,  release  or discharge from an obligation, duty,
     liability, burden, or from an accusation or charge; -- now followed
     by  of  before the charge, formerly by from; as, the jury acquitted
     the prisoner; we acquit a man of evil intentions.

     4.  Reflexively:  (a) To clear one's self.k. (b) To bear or conduct
     one's  self;  to  perform  one's  part;  as,  the soldier acquitted
     himself  well  in battle; the orator acquitted himself very poorly.
     Syn.   --  To  absolve;  clear;  exonerate;  exonerate;  exculpate;
     release; discharge. See Absolve.

                                  Acquitment

     Ac*quit"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  OF.  aquitement.]  Acquittal.  [Obs.]
     Milton.

                                   Acquittal

     Ac*quit"tal (#), n.

     1.  The  act  of  acquitting;  discharge  from  debt or obligation;
     acquittance.

     2.  (Law)  A  setting  free,  or  deliverance from the charge of an
     offense, by verdict of a jury or sentence of a court. Bouvier.

                                  Acquittance

     Ac*quit"tance (#), n. [OF. aquitance, fr. aquiter. See Acquit.]

     1.  The  clearing off of debt or obligation; a release or discharge
     from debt or other liability.

     2.  A  writing which is evidence of a discharge; a receipt in full,
     which bars a further demand.

     You can produce acquittances For such a sum, from special officers.
     Shak.

                                  Acquittance

     Ac*quit"tance, v. t. To acquit. [Obs.] Shak.

                                   Acquitter

     Ac*quit"ter (#), n. One who acquits or releases.

                                    Acrania

     A*cra"ni*a (#), n. [NL., from Gr.

     1. (Physiol.) Partial or total absence of the skull.

     2.  pl.  (Zo\'94l.)  The  lowest group of Vertebrata, including the
     amphioxus, in which no skull exists.

                                   Acranial

     A*cra"ni*al (#), a. Wanting a skull.

                                Acrase, Acraze

     A*crase",  A*craze"  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref.  a-  +  crase;  or cf. F.
     \'82craser to crush. See Crase, Craze.]

     1. To craze. [Obs.] Grafton.

     2. To impair; to destroy. [Obs.] Hacket.

                                Acrasia, Acrasy

     A*cra"si*a   (#),   Ac"ra*sy   (#)   n.   [Gr.   akrasia.]  Excess;
     intemperance. [Obs. except in Med.] Farindon.

                                   Acraspeda

     A*cras"pe*da  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) A group of
     acalephs, including most of the larger jellyfishes; the Discophora.

                                     Acre

     A"cre  (#),  n.  [OE.  aker,  AS.  \'91cer; akin to OS. accar, OHG.
     achar,  Ger.  acker, Icel. akr, Sw. \'86ker, Dan. ager, Goth. akrs,
     L. ager, Gr. ajra. \'fb2, 206.]

     1. Any field of arable or pasture land. [Obs.]

     2.  A  piece  of  land, containing 160 square rods, or 4,840 square
     yards,  or  43,560  square  feet. This is the English statute acre.
     That  of  the  United States is the same. The Scotch acre was about
     1.26 of the English, and the Irish 1.62 of the English.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e acre was limited to its present definite quantity
     by statutes of Edward I., Edward III., and Henry VIII.

   Broad  acres,  many  acres,  much landed estate. [Rhetorical] -- God's
   acre, God's field; the churchyard.

     I  like  that  ancient Saxon phrase, which calls The burial ground,
     God's acre. Longfellow.

                                   Acreable

   A"cre*a*ble (#), a. Of an acre; per acre; as, the acreable produce.

                                    Acreage

   A"cre*age  (#),  n. Acres collectively; as, the acreage of a farm or a
   country.

                                     Acred

   A"cred  (#),  a.  Possessing  acres  or  landed  property;  -- used in
   composition; as, large-acred men.

                                     Acrid

   Ac"rid  (#), a. [L. acer sharp; prob. assimilated in form to acid. See
   Eager.]

   1.  Sharp  and  harsh,  or  bitter and not, to the taste; pungent; as,
   acrid salts.

   2. Causing heat and irritation; corrosive; as, acrid secretions.

   3.  Caustic;  bitter;  bitterly  irritating;  as,  acrid temper, mind,
   writing.
   Acrid  poison,  a poison which irritates, corrodes, or burns the parts
   to which it is applied.

                              Acridity, Acridness

   A*crid"i*ty  (#),  Ac"rid*ness  (#)  n.  The quality of being acrid or
   pungent;  irritant  bitterness; acrimony; as, the acridity of a plant,
   of a speech.

                                    Acridly

   Ac"rid*ly (#), adv. In an acid manner.

                                  Acrimonious

   Ac"ri*mo"ni*ous (#), a. [Cf. LL. acrimonious, F. acrimonieux.]

   1. Acrid; corrosive; as, acrimonious gall. [Archaic] Harvey.

   2.  Caustic;  bitter-tempered'  sarcastic;  as,  acrimonious  dispute,
   language, temper.

                                 Acrimoniously

   Ac`ri*mo"ni*ous*ly, adv. In an acrimonious manner.

                                Acrimoniousness

   Ac`ri*mo"ni*ous*ness,  n.  The quality of being acrimonious; asperity;
   acrimony.

                                   Acrimony

   Ac"ri*mo*ny  (#),  n.;  pl.  Acrimonies  (#). [L. acrimonia, fr. acer,
   sharp: cf. F. acrimonie.]

   1.  A  quality  of  bodies  which corrodes or destroys others; also, a
   harsh  or  biting sharpness; as, the acrimony of the juices of certain
   plants. [Archaic] Bacon.

   2.  Sharpness  or  severity,  as  of  language  or  temper; irritating
   bitterness of disposition or manners.

     John  the Baptist set himself with much acrimony and indignation to
     baffle this senseless arrogant conceit of theirs. South.

   Syn.  --  Acrimony, Asperity, Harshness, Tartness. These words express
   different degrees of angry feeling or language. Asperity and harshness
   arise from angry feelings, connected with a disregard for the feelings
   of  others.  Harshness  usually  denotes needless severity or an undue
   measure  of  severity.  Acrimony  is a biting sharpness produced by an
   imbittered  spirit.  Tartness denotes slight asperity and implies some
   degree  of  intellectual  readiness.  Tartness  of reply; harshness of
   accusation; acrimony of invective.

     In  his  official  letters  he  expressed, with great acrimony, his
     contempt for the king's character. Macaulay.

     It  is no very cynical asperity not to confess obligations where no
     benefit has been received. Johnson.

     A  just  reverence  of mankind prevents the growth of harshness and
     brutality. Shaftesbury.

                                Acrisia, Acrisy

   A*cris"i*a (#), Ac"ri*sy (#), n. [LL. acrisia, Gr.

   1. Inability to judge.

   2. (Med.) Undecided character of a disease. [Obs.]

                                    Acrita

   Ac"ri*ta  (#),  n.  pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The lowest groups of
   animals, in which no nervous system has been observed.

                                    Acritan

   Ac"ri*tan  (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Acrita. -- n. An
   individual of the Acrita.

                                    Acrite

   Ac"rite (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Acritan. Owen.

                                   Acritical

   A*crit"ic*al   (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Med.)  Having  no  crisis;  giving  no
   indications of a crisis; as, acritical symptoms, an acritical abscess.

                                Acritochromacy

   Ac`ri*to*chro"ma*cy (#), n. [Gr. Color blindness; achromatopsy.

                                   Acritude

   Ac"ri*tude  (#), n. [L. acritudo, from acer sharp.] Acridity; pungency
   joined with heat. [Obs.]

                                    Acrity

   Ac"ri*ty  (#),  n.  [L. acritas, fr. acer sharp: cf. F. \'83cret\'82.]
   Sharpness; keenness. [Obs.]

                           Acroamatic, Acroamatical

   Ac`ro*a*mat"ic   (#),  Ac`ro*a*mat"ic*al  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Communicated
   orally; oral; -- applied to the esoteric teachings of Aristotle, those
   intended  for  his genuine disciples, in distinction from his exoteric
   doctrines,  which  were  adapted to outsiders or the public generally.
   Hence: Abstruse; profound.

                                   Acroatic

   Ac`ro*at"ic (#), a. [Gr. Same as Acroamatic.

                                    Acrobat

   Ac"ro*bat  (#),  n.  [F.  acrobate,  fr.  Gr.  One  who practices rope
   dancing, high vaulting, or other daring gymnastic feats.

                                   Acrobatic

   Ac`ro*bat"ic  (#),  a. [Cf. F. acrobatique.] Pertaining to an acrobat.
   -- Ac`ro*bat"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                  Acrobatism

   Ac"ro*bat*ism  (#),  n.  Feats of the acrobat; daring gymnastic feats;
   high vaulting.

                                  Acrocarpous

   Ac`ro*car"pous   (#),   a.   [Gr.   (Bot.)   (a)   Having  a  terminal
   fructification;  having  the fruit at the end of the stalk. (b) Having
   the fruit stalks at the end of a leafy stem, as in certain mosses.

                                 Acrocephalic

   Ac`ro*ce*phal"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Cephalic.]  Characterized  by a high
   skull.

                                  Acrocephaly

   Ac`ro*ceph"a*ly (#), n. Loftiness of skull.

                                 Acroceraunian

   Ac`ro*ce*rau"ni*an (#), a. [L. acroceraunius, fr. Gr. Of or pertaining
   to  the  high  mountain range of "thunder-smitten" peaks (now Kimara),
   between Epirus and Macedonia. Shelley.

                                 Acrodactylum

   Ac`ro*dac"tyl*um  (#),  n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The upper surface
   of the toes, individually.

                                   Acrodont

   Ac"ro*dont  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of a group of lizards having
   the  teeth immovably united to the top of the alveolar ridge. -- a. Of
   or pertaining to the acrodonts.

                                    Acrogen

   Ac"ro*gen (#), n. [Gr. -gen.]

                                    Acrogen

   Ac"ro*gen  (#),  n. [Gr. -gen.] (Bot.) A plant of the highest class of
   cryptograms,  including  the  ferns,  etc. See Cryptogamia. The Age of
   Acrogens (Geol.), the age of coal plants, or the carboniferous era.

                                  Acrogenous

   Ac*rog"e*nous  (#), a. (Bot.) Increasing by growth from the extremity;
   as, an acrogenous plant.

                                   Acrolein

   A*cro"le*in  (#),  n.  [L.  acer sharp + ol\'c7re to smell.] (Chem.) A
   limpid, colorless, highly volatile liquid, obtained by the dehydration
   of   glycerin,   or  the  destructive  distillation  of  neutral  fats
   containing glycerin. Its vapors are intensely irritating. Watts.

                                   Acrolith

   Ac"ro*lith  (#),  n.  [L.  acrolthus, Gr. with the ends made of stone;
   (Arch.  &  Sculp.)  A statue whose extremities are of stone, the trunk
   being generally of wood. Elmes.

                            Acrolithan, Acrolithic

   A*crol"i*than  (#),  Ac`ro*lith"ic  (#), a. Pertaining to, or like, an
   acrolith.

                                  Acromegaly

   Ac`ro*meg"a*ly  (#),  n.  [NL.  acromegalia,  fr.  Gr.  (Med.) Chronic
   enlargement of the extremities and face.

                                   Acromial

   A*cro"mi*al (#), a. [Cf. F. acromial.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the
   acromion. Dunglison.

                                   Acromion

   A*cro"mi*on (#), n. [Gr. acromion.] (Anat.) The outer extremity of the
   shoulder blade.

                               Acromonogrammatic

   Ac`ro*mon`o*gram*mat"ic  (#), a. [Gr. Having each verse begin with the
   same letter as that with which the preceding verse ends.

                              Acronyc, Acronychal

   A*cron"yc  (#),  A*cron"ych*al (#), a. [Gr. (Astron.) Rising at sunset
   and setting at sunrise, as a star; -- opposed to cosmical.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd is sometimes incorrectly written acronical,
     achronychal, acronichal, and acronical.

                                  Acronycally

   A*cron"yc*al*ly,  adv. In an acronycal manner as rising at the setting
   of the sun, and vise vers\'83.

                                  Acronyctous

   Ac"ro*nyc"tous (#), a. [Gr. (Astron.) Acronycal.

                                    Acrook

   A*crook" (#), adv. Crookedly. [R.] Udall.

                                   Acropetal

   A*crop"e*tal  (#),  a.  [Gr.  petere  to seek.] (Bot.) Developing from
   below  towards the apex, or from the circumference towards the center;
   centripetal; -- said of certain inflorescence.

                                  Achrophony

   A*chroph"o*ny (#), n. [Gr. The use of a picture symbol of an object to
   represent phonetically the initial sound of the name of the object.

                                  Acropodium

   Ac`ro*po"di*um (#), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The entire upper surface of the
   foot.

                                   Acropolis

   A*crop"o*lis (#), n. [Gr. The upper part, or the citadel, of a Grecian
   city; especially, the citadel of Athens.

                                  Acropolitan

   Ac"ro*pol"i*tan (#), a. Pertaining to an acropolis.

                                   Acrospire

   Ac"ro*spire  (#),  n. [Gr. (Bot.) The sprout at the end of a seed when
   it  begins to germinate; the plumule in germination; -- so called from
   its spiral form.

                                   Acrospire

   Ac"ro*spire, v. i. To put forth the first sprout.

                                   Acrospore

   Ac"ro*spore  (#), n. [Gr. (Bot.) A spore borne at the extremity of the
   cells of fructification in fungi.

                                  Acrosporous

   Ac"ro*spor"ous (#), a. Having acrospores.

                                    Across

   A*cross"  (#;  115),  prep.  [Pref.  a-  + cross: cf. F. en croix. See
   Cross,  n.]  From  side to side; athwart; crosswise, or in a direction
   opposed  to  the length; quite over; as, a bridge laid across a river.
   Dryden. To come across, to come upon or meet incidentally. Freeman. --
   To  go  across  the  country, to go by a direct course across a region
   without following the roads.

                                    Across

   A*cross", adv.

   1. From side to side; crosswise; as, with arms folded across. Shak.

   2. Obliquely; athwart; amiss; awry. [Obs.]

     The squint-eyed Pharisees look across at all the actions of Christ.
     Bp. Hall.

                                   Acrostic

   A*cros"tic (#) (#), n. [Gr.

   1.  A  composition,  usually  in verse, in which the first or the last
   letters of the lines, or certain other letters, taken in order, form a
   name, word, phrase, or motto.

   2.  A Hebrew poem in which the lines or stanzas begin with the letters
   of the alphabet in regular order (as Psalm cxix.). See Abecedarian.
   Double acrostic, a species of enigma<-- crossword puzzle -->, in which
   words  are  to  be  guessed whose initial and final letters form other
   words.

                              Acrostic, Acrostial

   A*cros"tic  (#),  A*cros"ti*al (#), n. Pertaining to, or characterized
   by, acrostics.

                                 Acrostically

   A*cros"tic*al*ly, adv. After the manner of an acrostic.

                                  Acrotarsium

   Ac`ro*tar"si*um  (#), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The instep or front
   of the tarsus. <-- p. 18 -->

                                 Acroteleutic

   Ac`ro*te*leu"tic  (#),  n. [Gr. (Eccles.) The end of a verse or psalm,
   or  something  added  thereto,  to  be sung by the people, by way of a
   response.

                                    Acroter

   Ac"ro*ter  (#),  n.  [F. acrot\'8are. See Acroterium.] (Arch.) Same as
   Acroterium.

                                  Acroterial

   Ac`ro*te"ri*al  (#), a. Pertaining to an acroterium; as, ornaments. P.
   Cyc.

                                  Acroterium

   Ac`ro*te`ri*um  (#),  n.; pl. Acrotplwia (#). [L., fr. Gr. (Arch.) (a)
   One  of the small pedestals, for statues or other ornaments, placed on
   the  apex  and  at  the basal angles of a pediment. Acroteria are also
   sometimes placed upon the gables in Gothic architecture. J. H. Parker.
   (b)  One  of  the pedestals, for vases or statues, forming a part roof
   balustrade.

                                    Acrotic

   A*crot"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Med.) Pertaining to or affecting the surface.

                                   Acrotism

   Ac"ro*tism (#), n. [Gr. (Med.) Lack or defect of pulsation.

                                  Acrotomous

   A*crot"o*mous  (#), a. [Gr. (Min.) Having a cleavage parallel with the
   base.

                                    Acrylic

   A*cryl"ic  (#),  a.  (Chem.)  Of or containing acryl, the hypothetical
   radical of which acrolein is the hydride; as, acrylic acid.

                                      Act

   Act  (#),  n.  [L.  actus,  fr.  agere  to drive, do: cf. F. acte. See
   Agent.]

   1.  That which is done or doing; the exercise of power, or the effect,
   of which power exerted is the cause; a performance; a deed.

     That  best  portion  of  a  good  man's life, His little, nameless,
     unremembered acts Of kindness and of love. Wordsworth.

   Hence,  in  specific  uses: (a) The result of public deliberation; the
   decision  or  determination  of  a legislative body, council, court of
   justice,  etc.;  a decree, edit, law, judgment, resolve, award; as, an
   act  of  Parliament,  or  of  Congress.  (b)  A formal solemn writing,
   expressing  that something has been done. Abbott. (c) A performance of
   part  of  a play; one of the principal divisions of a play or dramatic
   work  in which a certain definite part of the action is completed. (d)
   A  thesis  maintained  in  public,  in some English universities, by a
   candidate for a degree, or to show the proficiency of a student.

   2. A state of reality or real existence as opposed to a possibility or
   possible existence. [Obs.]

     The  seeds  of  plants are not at first in act, but in possibility,
     what they afterward grow to be. Hooker.

   3.  Process  of doing; action. In act, in the very doing; on the point
   of (doing). "In act to shoot." Dryden.

     This woman was taken . . . in the very act. John viii. 4.

   Act  of attainder. (Law) See Attainder. -- Act of bankruptcy (Law), an
   act of a debtor which renders him liable to be adjudged a bankrupt. --
   Act  of  faith. (Ch. Hist.) See Auto-da-F\'82. -- Act of God (Law), an
   inevitable  accident;  such  extraordinary  interruption  of the usual
   course  of  events  as is not to be looked for in advance, and against
   which  ordinary  prudence  could  not  guard.  --  Act  of  grace,  an
   expression  often used to designate an act declaring pardon or amnesty
   to  numerous  offenders, as at the beginning of a new reign. -- Act of
   indemnity,  a  statute  passed  for  the  protection of those who have
   committed  some  illegal  act subjecting them to penalties. Abbott. --
   Act  in  pais,  a thing done out of court (anciently, in the country),
   and not a matter of record. Syn. -- See Action.
   
                                      Act
                                       
   Act, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acted; p. pr. & vb. n. Acting.] [L. actus, p.
   p. of agere to drive, lead, do; but influenced by E. act, n.] 

   1. To move to action; to actuate; to animate. [Obs.]

     Self-love, the spring of motion, acts the soul. Pope.

   2. To perform; to execute; to do. [Archaic]

     That  we act our temporal affairs with a desire no greater than our
     necessity. Jer. Taylor.

     Industry  doth  beget  by  producing  good  habits, and facility of
     acting things expedient for us to do. Barrow.

     Uplifted hands that at convenient times Could act extortion and the
     worst of crimes. Cowper.

   3. To perform, as an actor; to represent dramatically on the stage.

   4. To assume the office or character of; to play; to personate; as, to
   act the hero.

   5. To feign or counterfeit; to simulate.

     With acted fear the villain thus pursued. Dryden.

   To act a part, to sustain the part of one of the characters in a play;
   hence,  to  simulate; to dissemble. -- To act the part of, to take the
   character of; to fulfill the duties of.

                                      Act

   Act, v. i.

   1.  To  exert  power;  to produce an effect; as, the stomach acts upon
   food.

   2.  To  perform actions; to fulfill functions; to put forth energy; to
   move,  as  opposed  to  remaining  at  rest;  to  carry  into effect a
   determination of the will.

     He hangs between, in doubt to act or rest. Pope.

   3.  To  behave  or  conduct,  as  in morals, private duties, or public
   offices;  to  bear  or  deport  one's self; as, we know not why he has
   acted so.

   4. To perform on the stage; to represent a character.

     To show the world how Garrick did not act. Cowper.

   To  act  as  OR  for, to do the work of; to serve as. -- To act on, to
   regulate  one's  conduct  according  to.  -- To act up to, to equal in
   action;  to fulfill in practice; as, he has acted up to his engagement
   or his advantages.<-- to act up, to misbehave -->

                                    Actable

   Act"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being acted. Tennyson.

                                    Actinal

   Ac"ti*nal  (#), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the part of a radiate
   animal which contains the mouth. L. Agassiz.

                                   Actinaria

   Ac`ti*na"ri*a  (#),  n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A large division
   of  Anthozoa,  including  those which have simple tentacles and do not
   form  stony  corals.  Sometimes,  in a wider sense, applied to all the
   Anthozoa, expert the Alcyonaria, whether forming corals or not.

                                    Acting

   Act"ing (#), a.

   1. Operating in any way.

   2. Doing duty for another; officiating; as, an superintendent.

                                    Actinia

   Ac*tin"i*a (#), n.; pl. L. Actini\'91 (#), E. Actinias (#). [Latinized
   fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  (a)  An animal of the class Anthozoa, and family
   Actinid\'91. From a resemblance to flowers in form and color, they are
   often  called  animal  flowers  and  sea anemones. [See Polyp.]. (b) A
   genus in the family Actinid\'91.

                                    Actinic

   Ac*tin"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to actinism; as, actinic rays.

                                  Actiniform

   Ac*tin"i*form  (#), a. [Gr. -form.] Having a radiated form, like a sea
   anemone.

                                   Actinism

   Ac"tin*ism  (#), n. [Gr. The property of radiant energy (found chiefly
   in solar or electric light) by which chemical changes are produced, as
   in photography.

                                   Actinium

   Ac*tin"i*um  (#), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A supposed metal, said by Phipson to
   be  contained  in commercial zinc; -- so called because certain of its
   compounds are darkened by exposure to light.

                               Actino-chemistry

   Ac`ti*no-chem"is*try  (#),  n. Chemistry in its relations to actinism.
   Draper.

                                  Actinograph

   Ac*tin"o*graph  (#),  n. [Gr. -graph.] An instrument for measuring and
   recording  the  variations in the actinic or chemical force of rays of
   light. Nichol.

                                   Actinoid

   Ac"tin*oid  (#),  a. [Gr. -oid.] Having the form of rays; radiated, as
   an actinia.

                                  Actinolite

   Ac*tin"o*lite  (#),  n.  [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A bright green variety of
   amphibole occurring usually in fibrous or columnar masses.

                                  Actinolitic

   Ac`tin*o*lit"ic  (#),  a.  (Min.)  Of  the  nature  of, or containing,
   actinolite.

                                  Actinology

   Ac`ti*nol"o*gy  (#),  n. [Gr. -logy.] The science which treats of rays
   of light, especially of the actinic or chemical rays.

                                  Actinomere

   Ac*tin"o*mere  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  One  of the radial segments
   composing the body of one of the C\'d2lenterata.

                                  Actinometer

   Ac`ti*nom"e*ter  (#),  n. [Gr. -meter] (a) An instrument for measuring
   the  direct  heating  power  of  the sun's rays. (b) An instrument for
   measuring the actinic effect of rays of light.

                                 Actinometric

   Ac`ti*no*met"ric   (#),  a.  Pertaining  to  the  measurement  of  the
   intensity of the solar rays, either (a) heating, or (b) actinic.

                                  Actinometry

   Ac`ti*nom"e*try (#), n.

   1. The measurement of the force of solar radiation. Maury.

   2. The measurement of the chemical or actinic energy of light. Abney.

                                 Actinophorous

   Ac`ti*noph"o*rous (#), a. [Gr. Having straight projecting spines.

                                  Actinosome

   Ac*tin"o*some   (#),   n.   [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  The  entire  body  of  a
   c\'d2lenterate.

                                   Actinost

   Ac"tin*ost  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Anat.)  One of the bones at the base of a
   paired fin of a fish.

                                  Actinostome

   Ac*tin"o*stome  (#),  n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The mouth or anterior opening
   of a c\'d2lenterate animal.

                                 Actinotrocha

   Ac`ti*not"ro*cha  (#),  n.  pl. [NL.; Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar larval
   form of Phoronis, a genus of marine worms, having a circle of ciliated
   tentacles.

                                   Actinozoa

   Ac"ti*no*zo"a  (#),  n. pl. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of C\'d2lenterata,
   comprising  the Anthozoa Ctenophora. The sea anemone, or actinia, is a
   familiar example.

                                  Actinozoal

   Ac`ti*no*zo"al (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Actinozoa.

                                 Actinozo\'94n

   Ac"ti*no*zo"\'94n (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Actinozoa.

                                   Actinula

   Ac*tin"u*la  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of embryo of
   certain hydroids (Tubularia), having a stellate form.

                                    Action

   Ac"tion (#), n. [OF. action, L. actio, fr. agere to do. See Act.]

   1. A process or condition of acting or moving, as opposed to rest; the
   doing  of something; exertion of power or force, as when one body acts
   on  another;  the  effect  of  power  exerted  on one body by another;
   agency; activity; operation; as, the action of heat; a man of action.

     One wise in council, one in action brave. Pope.

   2. An act; a thing done; a deed; an enterprise. (pl.): Habitual deeds;
   hence, conduct; behavior; demeanor.

     The  Lord is a Good of knowledge, and by him actions are weighed. 1
     Sam. ii. 3.

   3.  The event or connected series of events, either real or imaginary,
   forming  the  subject  of  a  play,  poem,  or  other composition; the
   unfolding of the drama of events.

   4. Movement; as, the horse has a spirited action.

   5. (Mech.) Effective motion; also, mechanism; as, the breech action of
   a gun.

   6. (Physiol.) Any one of the active processes going on in an organism;
   the  performance  of  a  function;  as,  the  action of the heart, the
   muscles, or the gastric juice.

   7.  (Orat.)  Gesticulation; the external deportment of the speaker, or
   the  suiting of his attitude, voice, gestures, and countenance, to the
   subject, or to the feelings.

   8.  (Paint. & Sculp.) The attitude or position of the several parts of
   the body as expressive of the sentiment or passion depicted.

   9.  (Law)  (a) A suit or process, by which a demand is made of a right
   in a court of justice; in a broad sense, a judicial proceeding for the
   enforcement  or  protection of a right, the redress or prevention of a
   wrong,  or  the punishment of a public offense. (b) A right of action;
   as, the law gives an action for every claim.

   10. (Com.)A share in the capital stock of a joint-stock company, or in
   the  public  funds;  hence,  in  the  plural, equivalent to stocks. [A
   Gallicism] [Obs.]

     The Euripus of funds and actions. Burke.

   11.  An  engagement between troops in war, whether on land or water; a
   battle; a fight; as, a general action, a partial action.

   12.  (Music)  The mechanical contrivance by means of which the impulse
   of  the  player's finger is transmitted to the strings of a pianoforte
   or to the valve of an organ pipe. Grove.
   Chose in action. (Law) See Chose. -- Quantity of action (Physics), the
   product  of  the  mass of a body by the space it runs through, and its
   velocity.  Syn.  --  Action,  Act.  In  many  cases action and act are
   synonymous;  but  some  distinction is observable. Action involves the
   mode  or  process  of  acting, and is usually viewed as occupying some
   time  in doing. Act has more reference to the effect, or the operation
   as complete.

     To poke the fire is an act, to reconcile friends who have quarreled
     is a praiseworthy action. C. J. Smith.

                                  Actionable

   Ac"tion*a*ble  (#), a. [Cf. LL. actionabilis. See Action.] That may be
   the  subject of an action or suit at law; as, to call a man a thief is
   actionable.

                                  Actionably

   Ac"tion*a*bly, adv. In an actionable manner.

                             Actionary, Actionist

   Ac"tion*a*ry  (#),  Ac"tion*ist (#), n. [Cf. F. actionnaire.] (Com.) A
   shareholder in joint-stock company. [Obs.]

                                  Actionless

   Ac"tion*less, a. Void of action.

                                   Activate

   Ac"ti*vate (#), v. t. To make active. [Obs.]

                                    Active

   Ac"tive (#), a. [F. actif, L. activus, fr. agere to act.]

   1.   Having   the   power   or  quality  of  acting;  causing  change;
   communicating  action  or  motion; acting; -- opposed to passive, that
   receives; as, certain active principles; the powers of the mind.

   2.  Quick in physical movement; of an agile and vigorous body; nimble;
   as, an active child or animal.

     Active and nervous was his gait. Wordsworth.

   3.  In  action;  actually proceeding; working; in force; -- opposed to
   quiescent,  dormant,  or extinct; as, active laws; active hostilities;
   an active volcano.

   4. Given to action; constantly engaged in action; energetic; diligent;
   busy;  -- opposed to dull, sluggish, indolent, or inert; as, an active
   man of business; active mind; active zeal.

   5.  Requiring  or implying action or exertion; -- opposed to sedentary
   or to tranquil; as, active employment or service; active scenes.

   6. Given to action rather than contemplation; practical; operative; --
   opposed  to  speculative  or  theoretical; as, an active rather than a
   speculative statesman.

   7. Brisk; lively; as, an active demand for corn.

   8.  Implying  or  producing  rapid  action;  as, an active disease; an
   active remedy.

   9.  (Gram.)  (a) Applied to a form of the verb; -- opposed to passive.
   See  Active voice, under Voice. (b) Applied to verbs which assert that
   the  subject  acts  upon  or  affects  something else; transitive. (c)
   Applied  to  all  verbs  that  express  action  as  distinct from mere
   existence or state.
   Active  capital, Active wealth, money, or property that may readily be
   converted  into  money. Syn. -- Agile; alert; brisk; vigorous; nimble;
   lively; quick; sprightly; prompt; energetic.

                                   Actively

   Ac"tive*ly, adv.

   1. In an active manner; nimbly; briskly; energetically; also, by one's
   own action; voluntarily, not passively.

   2. (Gram.) In an active signification; as, a word used actively.

                                  Activeness

   Ac"tive*ness, n. The quality of being active; nimbleness; quickness of
   motion; activity.

                                   Activity

   Ac*tiv"i*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Activities  (#). [Cf. F. activit\'82, LL.
   activitas.] The state or quality of being active; nimbleness; agility;
   vigorous  action or operation; energy; active force; as, an increasing
   variety  of human activities. "The activity of toil." Palfrey. Syn. --
   Liveliness; briskness; quickness.

                                    Actless

   Act"less (#), a. Without action or spirit. [R.]

                                     Acton

   Ac"ton  (#),  n. [OF. aketon, auqueton, F. hoqueton, a quilted jacket,
   fr.  Sp.  alcoton, algodon, cotton. Cf. Cotton.] A stuffed jacket worn
   under  the  mail,  or (later) a jacket plated with mail. [Spelled also
   hacqueton.] [Obs.] Halliwell. Sir W. Scott.

                                     Actor

   Ac"tor (#), n. [L. actor, fr. agere to act.]

   1. One who acts, or takes part in any affair; a doer.

   2. A theatrical performer; a stageplayer.

     After a well graced actor leaves the stage. Shak.

   3. (Law) (a) An advocate or proctor in civil courts or causes. Jacobs.
   (b) One who institutes a suit; plaintiff or complainant.

                                    Actress

   Ac`tress (#), n. [Cf. F. actrice.]

   1. A female actor or doer. [Obs.] Cockeram.

   2. A female stageplayer; a woman who acts a part.

                                    Actual

   Ac"tu*al  (#;  135), a. [OE. actuel, F. actuel, L. actualis, fr. agere
   to do, act.]

   1. Involving or comprising action; active. [Obs.]

     Her walking and other actual performances. Shak.

     Let  your  holy  and  pious intention be actual; that is . . . by a
     special prayer or action, . . . given to God. Jer. Taylor.

   2.  Existing in act or reality; really acted or acting; in fact; real;
   --  opposed  to potential, possible, virtual, speculative, coceivable,
   theoretical, or nominal; as, the actual cost of goods; the actual case
   under discussion.

   3.  In  action  at the time being; now exiting; present; as the actual
   situation of the country.
   Actual  cautery.  See under Cautery. -- Actual sin (Theol.), that kind
   of  sin  which  is done by ourselves in contradistinction to "original
   sin."  Syn.  --  Real; genuine; positive; certain. See Real. <-- p. 19
   -->
   
                                    Actual
                                       
   Ac"tu*al  (#),  n.  (Finance)  Something  actually  received; real, as
   distinct from estimated, receipts. [Cant] 

     The  accounts  of  revenues  supplied . . . were not real receipts:
     not,  in  financial  language,  "actuals," but only Egyptian budget
     estimates. Fortnightly Review.

                                   Actualist

   Ac"tu*al*ist,  n.  One  who  deals with or considers actually existing
   facts  and  conditions, rather than fancies or theories; -- opposed to
   idealist. J. Grote.

                                   Actuality

   Ac`tu*al"i*ty (#), n.; pl. Actualities (#). The state of being actual;
   reality; as, the actuality of God's nature. South.

                                 Actualization

   Ac`tu*al*i*za"tion  (#),  n.  A making actual or really existent. [R.]
   Emerson.

                                   Actualize

   Ac"tu*al*ize  (#),  v.  t.  To make actual; to realize in action. [R.]
   Coleridge.

                                   Actually

   Ac"tu*al*ly, adv.

   1. Actively. [Obs.] "Neither actually . . . nor passively." Fuller.

   2. In act or in fact; really; in truth; positively.

                                  Actualness

   Ac"tu*al*ness, n. Quality of being actual; actuality.

                                   Actuarial

   Ac`tu*a"ri*al (#), a. Of or pertaining to actuaries; as, the actuarial
   value of an annuity.

                                    Actuary

   Ac"tu*a*ry  (#),  n.; pl. Actuaries (#). [L. actuarius copyist, clerk,
   fr. actus, p. p. of agere to do, act.]

   1.  (Law)  A  registar or clerk; -- used originally in courts of civil
   law  jurisdiction,  but  in  Europe  used  for  a  clerk  or  registar
   generally.

   2.   The  computing  official  of  an  insurance  company;  one  whose
   profession  it  is  to calculate for insurance companies the risks and
   premiums for life, fire, and other insurances.

                                    Actuate

   Ac"tu*ate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Actuated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Actuating (#).] [LL. actuatus, p. p. of actuare, fr. L. actus act.]

   1.  To  put  into  action  or  motion; to move or incite to action; to
   influence  actively;  to  move as motives do; -- more commonly used of
   persons.

     Wings,  which  others  were  contriving to actuate by the perpetual
     motion. Johnson.

     Men of the greatest abilities are most fired with ambition; and, on
     the  contrary,  mean and narrow minds are the least actuated by it.
     Addison.

   2.  To  carry out in practice; to perform. [Obs.] "To actuate what you
   command."  Jer.  Taylor.  Syn.  --  To  move;  impel;  incite;  rouse;
   instigate; animate.

                                    Actuate

   Ac"tu*ate  (#),  a.  [LL.  actuatus, p. p. of actuare.] Put in action;
   actuated. [Obs.] South.

                                   Actuation

   Ac`tu*a"tion  (#),  n.  [Cf.  LL.  actuatio.]  A bringing into action;
   movement. Bp. Pearson.

                                   Actuator

   Ac"tu*a`tor  (#),  n.  One  who  actuates,  or  puts into action. [R.]
   Melville.

                                    Actuose

   Ac"tu*ose` (#), a. [L. actuosus.] Very active. [Obs.]

                                   Actuosity

   Ac`tu*os"i*ty (#), n. Abundant activity. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

                                    Acture

   Ac"ture (#), n. Action. [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Acturience

   Ac*tu"ri*ence  (#), n. [A desid. of L. agere, actum, to act.] Tendency
   or impulse to act. [R.]

     Acturience, or desire of action, in one form or another, whether as
     restlessness,   ennui,   dissatisfaction,  or  the  imagination  of
     something desirable. J. Grote.

                                    Acuate

   Ac"u*ate  (#), v. t. [L. acus needle.] To sharpen; to make pungent; to
   quicken. [Obs.] "[To] acuate the blood." Harvey.

                                    Acuate

   Ac"u*ate (#), a. Sharpened; sharp-pointed.

                                   Acuation

   Ac`u*a"tion (#), n. Act of sharpening. [R.]

                                   Acuition

   Ac`u*i"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  acutus,  as if acuitus, p. p. of acuere to
   sharpen.] The act of sharpening. [Obs.]

                                    Acuity

   A*cu"i*ty  (#),  n.  [LL.  acuitas:  cf.  F.  acuit\'82.] Sharpness or
   acuteness, as of a needle, wit, etc.

                                   Aculeate

   A*cu"le*ate (#), a. [L. aculeatus, fr. aculeus, dim. of acus needle.]

   1.  (Zo\'94l.)  Having  a  sting;  covered with prickles; sharp like a
   prickle.

   2. (Bot.) Having prickles, or sharp points; beset with prickles.

   3. Severe or stinging; incisive. [R.] Bacon.

                                   Aculeated

   A*cu"le*a`ted  (#),  a.  Having  a  sharp  point; armed with prickles;
   prickly; aculeate.

                                  Aculeiform

   A*cu"le*i*form (#), a. Like a prickle.

                                  Aculeolate

   A*cu"le*o*late  (#),  a.  [L.  aculeolus little needle.] (Bot.) Having
   small prickles or sharp points. Gray.

                                   Aculeous

   A*cu"le*ous (#), a. Aculeate. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                    Aculeus

   A*cu"le*us (#), n.; pl. Aculei (#). [L., dim. of acus needle.]

   1.  (Bot.)  A  prickle  growing  on  the bark, as in some brambles and
   roses. Lindley.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) A sting.

                                    Acumen

   A*cu"men  (#),  n.  [L.  acumen,  fr.  acuere  to sharpen. Cf. Acute.]
   Quickness  of  perception  or  discernment;  penetration  of mind; the
   faculty  of  nice discrimination. Selden. Syn. -- Sharpness; sagacity;
   keenness; shrewdness; acuteness.

                                   Acuminate

   A*cu"mi*nate  (#),  a.  [L. acuminatus, p. p. of acuminare to sharpen,
   fr.  acumen.  See Acumen.] Tapering to a point; pointed; as, acuminate
   leaves, teeth, etc.

                                   Acuminate

   A*cu"mi*nate  (#),  v.  t. To render sharp or keen. [R.] "To acuminate
   even despair." Cowper.

                                   Acuminate

   A*cu"mi*nate, v. i. To end in, or come to, a sharp point. "Acuminating
   in a cone of prelacy." Milton.

                                  Acumination

   A*cu`mi*na"tion  (#), n. A sharpening; termination in a sharp point; a
   tapering point. Bp. Pearson.

                                   Acuminose

   A*cu"mi*nose` (#), a. Terminating in a flat, narrow end. Lindley.

                                   Acuminous

   A*cu"mi*nous (#), a. Characterized by acumen; keen. Highmore.

                                  Acupressure

   Ac`u*pres"sure  (#), n. [L. acus needle + premere, pressum, to press.]
   (Surg.)  A  mode  of  arresting  hemorrhage  resulting  from wounds or
   surgical operations, by passing under the divided vessel a needle, the
   ends  of  which  are left exposed externally on the cutaneous surface.
   Simpson.

                                Acupuncturation

   Ac`u*punc`tu*ra"tion (#), n. See Acupuncture.

                                  Acupuncture

   Ac`u*punc"ture  (#),  n.  [L.  acus  needle + punctura a pricking, fr.
   pungere  to  prick:  cf.  F.  acuponcture.]  Pricking with a needle; a
   needle  prick.  Specifically (Med.): The insertion of needles into the
   living tissues for remedial purposes.

                                  Acupuncture

   Ac`u*punc"ture (#), v. t. To treat with acupuncture.

                                 Acustumaunce

   A*cus"tum*aunce (#), n. See Accustomance. [Obs.]

                                  Acutangular

   A*cut"an`gu*lar (#), a. Acute-angled.

                                     Acute

   A*cute"  (#), a. [L. acutus, p. p. of acuere to sharpen, fr. a root ak
   to be sharp. Cf. Ague, Cute, Edge.]

   1.  Sharp  at the end; ending in a sharp point; pointed; -- opposed to
   blunt or obtuse; as, an acute angle; an acute leaf.

   2.  Having  nice discernment; perceiving or using minute distinctions;
   penetrating;  clever;  shrewd;  --  opposed  to dull or stupid; as, an
   acute observer; acute remarks, or reasoning.

   3.   Having   nice   or   quick  sensibility;  susceptible  to  slight
   impressions;  acting keenly on the senses; sharp; keen; intense; as, a
   man of acute eyesight, hearing, or feeling; acute pain or pleasure.

   4.  High,  or  shrill,  in  respect to some other sound; -- opposed to
   grave or low; as, an acute tone or accent.

   5.  (Med.)  Attended  with  symptoms  of  some degree of severity, and
   coming  speedily  to  a  crisis;  --  opposed to chronic; as, an acute
   disease.
   Acute  angle  (Geom.),  an  angle  less  than  a  right angle. Syn. --
   Subtile; ingenious; sharp; keen; penetrating; sagacious; sharp-witted;
   shrewd; discerning; discriminating. See Subtile.

                                     Acute

   A*cute",  v.  t.  To  give an acute sound to; as, he acutes his rising
   inflection too much. [R.] Walker.

                                  Acuteangled

   A*cute"*an`gled  (#),  a.  Having  acute  angles;  as, an acute-angled
   triangle,  a  triangle  with every one of its angles less than a right
   angle.

                                    Acutely

   A*cute"ly,  adv.  In  an  acute  manner;  sharply;  keenly;  with nice
   discrimination.

                                   Acuteness

   A*cute"ness, n.

   1. The quality of being acute or pointed; sharpness; as, the acuteness
   of an angle.

   2.  The  faculty  of nice discernment or perception; acumen; keenness;
   sharpness;   sensitiveness;   --   applied   to  the  senses,  or  the
   understanding.  By  acuteness of feeling, we perceive small objects or
   slight  impressions:  by  acuteness  of  intellect,  we  discern  nice
   distinctions.

     Perhaps,  also,  he  felt  his professional acuteness interested in
     bringing it to a successful close. Sir W. Scott.

   3. Shrillness; high pitch; -- said of sounds.

   4. (Med.) Violence of a disease, which brings it speedily to a crisis.
   Syn.   --  Penetration;  sagacity;  keenness;  ingenuity;  shrewdness;
   subtlety; sharp-wittedness.

                                 Acutifoliate

   A*cu`ti*fo"li*ate  (#),  a.  [L.  acutus  sharp + folium leaf.] (Bot.)
   Having sharp-pointed leaves.

                                  Acutilobate

   A*cu`ti*lo"bate  (#),  a.  [L.  acutus sharp + E. lobe.] (Bot.) Having
   acute lobes, as some leaves.

                                      Ad-

   Ad- (#). [A Latin preposition, signifying to. See At.] As a prefix ad-
   assumes  the  forms  ac-,  af-,  ag-,  al-,  an-,  ap-, ar-, as-, at-,
   assimilating  the  d with the first letter of the word to which ad- is
   prefixed.  It  remains unchanged before vowels, and before d, h, j, m,
   v.  Examples: adduce, adhere, adjacent, admit, advent, accord, affect,
   aggregate, allude, annex, appear, etc. It becomes ac- before qu, as in
   acquiesce.

                                     Adact

   Ad*act"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adactus,  p. p. of adigere.] To compel; to
   drive. [Obs.] Fotherby.

                              Adactyl, Adactylous

   A*dac"tyl  (#),  A*dac"tyl*ous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) (a) Without
   fingers or without toes. (b) Without claws on the feet (of crustaceous
   animals).

                                     Adage

   Ad"age  (#),  n.  [F. adage, fr. L. adagium; ad + the root of L. aio I
   say.] An old saying, which has obtained credit by long use; a proverb.

     Letting  "I dare not" wait upon "I would," Like the poor cat i' the
     adage. Shak.

   Syn.  --  Axiom;  maxim; aphorism; proverb; saying; saw; apothegm. See
   Axiom.

                                    Adagial

   A*da"gi*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to  an  adage;  proverbial. "Adagial
   verse." Barrow.

                                    Adagio

   A*da"gio (#), a. & adv. [It. adagio; ad (L. ad) at + agio convenience,
   leisure,   ease.  See  Agio.]  (Mus.)  Slow;  slowly,  leisurely,  and
   gracefully.  When repeated, adagio, adagio, it directs the movement to
   be very slow.

                                    Adagio

   A*da"gio,  n. A piece of music in adagio time; a slow movement; as, an
   adagio of Haydn.

                                     Adam

   Ad"am (#), n.

   1. The name given in the Bible to the first man, the progenitor of the
   human race.

   2. (As a symbol) "Original sin;" human frailty.

     And whipped the offending Adam out of him. Shak.

   Adam's ale, water. [Coll.] -- Adam's apple.

   1.  (Bot.)  (a)  A  species of banana (Musa paradisiaca). It attains a
   height  of twenty feet or more. Paxton]. (b) A species of lime (Citris
   limetta).

   2.  The  projection formed by the thyroid cartilage in the neck. It is
   particularly  prominent  in males, and is so called from a notion that
   it was caused by the forbidden fruit (an apple) sticking in the throat
   of our first parent. --
   Adam's  flannel  (Bot.),  the  mullein  (Verbascum thapsus). -- Adam's
   needle  (Bot.),  the  popular  name  of  a genus (Yucca) of liliaceous
   plants.

                                    Adamant

   Ad"a*mant  (#),  n.  [OE.  adamaunt,  adamant,  diamond,  magnet,  OF.
   adamant,  L.  adamas, adamantis, the hardest metal, fr. Gr. adamare to
   love,  be  attached  to, the word meant also magnet, as in OF. and LL.
   See Diamond, Tame.]

   1.  A  stone  imagined  by some to be of impenetrable hardness; a name
   given  to  the diamond and other substance of extreme hardness; but in
   modern  minerology  it  has  no  technical  signification. It is now a
   rhetorical  or  poetical  name  for  the  embodiment  of  impenetrable
   hardness.

     Opposed the rocky orb Of tenfold adamant, his ample shield. Milton.

   2. Lodestone; magnet. [Obs.] "A great adamant of acquaintance." Bacon.

     As true to thee as steel to adamant. Greene.

                                  Adamantean

   Ad`a*man*te"an  (#),  a.  [L.  adamant\'c7us.]  Of  adamant;  hard  as
   adamant. Milton.

                                  Adamantine

   Ad`a*man"tine (#), a. [L. adamantinus, Gr.

   1.  Made  of adamant, or having the qualities of adamant; incapable of
   being  broken,  dissolved,  or  penetrated;  as,  adamantine  bonds or
   chains.

   2. (Min.) Like the diamond in hardness or luster.

                                 Adambulacral

   Ad`am*bu*la"cral  (#),  a. [L. ad + E. ambulacral.] (Zo\'94l.) Next to
   the ambulacra; as, the adambulacral ossicles of the starfish.

                               Adamic, Adamical

   A*dam"ic  (#),  A*dam"ic*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to Adam, or
   resembling  him. Adamic earth, a name given to common red clay, from a
   notion that Adam means red earth.
   
                                    Adamite
                                       
   Ad"am*ite (#), n. [From Adam.]
   
   1. A descendant of Adam; a human being.
   
   2.  (Eccl.  Hist.)  One  of  a sect of visionaries, who, professing to
   imitate  the  state  of  Adam,  discarded  the  use  of dress in their
   assemblies.
   
                                 Adam's apple

   Ad"am's ap"ple (#). See under Adam.

                                    Adance

   A*dance" (#), adv. Dancing. Lowell.

                                    Adangle

   A*dan"gle (#), adv. Dangling. Browning.

                                   Adansonia

   Ad`an*so"ni*a  (#),  n.  [From  Adanson,  a French botanist.] (Bot.) A
   genus  of great trees related to the Bombax. There are two species, A.
   digitata,  the  baobab  or  monkey-bread  of  Africa and India, and A.
   Gregorii,  the  sour  gourd or cream-of-tartar tree of Australia. Both
   have  a  trunk  of  moderate  height,  but of enormous diameter, and a
   wide-spreading  head.  The fruit is oblong, and filled with pleasantly
   acid  pulp. The wood is very soft, and the bark is used by the natives
   for making ropes and cloth. D. C. Eaton.

                                     Adapt

   A*dapt" (#), a. Fitted; suited. [Obs.] Swift.

                                     Adapt

   A*dapt",  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Adapted; p. pr. & vb. n. Adapting.] [L.
   adaptare; ad + aptare to fit; cf. F. adapter. See Apt, Adept.] To make
   suitable;  to fit, or suit; to adjust; to alter so as to fit for a new
   use; -- sometimes followed by to or for.

     For  nature,  always  in the right, To your decays adapts my sight.
     Swift.

     Appeals adapted to his [man's] whole nature. Angus.

     Streets ill adapted for the residence of wealthy persons. Macaulay.

                          Adaptability, Adaptableness

   A*dapt`a*bil"i*ty  (#), A*dapt"a*ble*ness (#), n. The quality of being
   adaptable;  suitableness.  "General  adaptability  for every purpose."
   Farrar.

                                   Adaptable

   A*dapt"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being adapted.

                                  Adaptation

   Ad`ap*ta"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. adaptation, LL. adaptatio.]

   1.  The  act or process of adapting, or fitting; or the state of being
   adapted  or  fitted;  fitness.  "Adaptation  of the means to the end."
   Erskine.

   2. The result of adapting; an adapted form.

                                  Adaptative

   A*dapt"a*tive (#), a. Adaptive. Stubbs.

                                  Adaptedness

   A*dapt"ed*ness  (#),  n.  The  state  or  quality  of  being  adapted;
   suitableness; special fitness.

                                    Adapter

   A*dapt"er (#), n.

   1. One who adapts.

   2. (Chem.) A connecting tube; an adopter. <-- 2. any device connecting
   two  parts  of  an  apparatus  (e.g.  tubes of different diameters, or
   electric  cords  with  different  plug  types);  a  device allowing an
   apparatus to be used for purposes other than originally intended -->

                                   Adaption

   A*dap"tion (#), n. Adaptation. Cheyne.

                                   Adaptive

   A*dapt"ive   (#),   a.  Suited,  given,  or  tending,  to  adaptation;
   characterized  by  adaptation;  capable  of  adapting.  Coleridge.  --
   A*dapt"ive*ly, adv.

                                 Adaptiveness

   A*dapt"ive*ness, n. The quality of being adaptive; capacity to adapt.

                                    Adaptly

   A*dapt"ly, adv. In a suitable manner. [R.] Prior.

                                   Adaptness

   A*dapt"ness, n. Adaptedness. [R.]

                                  Adaptorial

   Ad`ap*to"ri*al (#), a. Adaptive. [R.]

                                     Adar

   A"dar  (#),  n.  [Heb.  ad\'84r.]  The  twelfth  month  of  the Hebrew
   ecclesiastical  year,  and  the  sixth  of  the civil. It corresponded
   nearly with March.

                                    Adarce

   A*dar"ce (#), n. [L. adarce, adarca, Gr. A saltish concretion on reeds
   and grass in marshy grounds in Galatia. It is soft and porous, and was
   formerly  used  for  cleansing the skin from freckles and tetters, and
   also in leprosy. Dana.

                                    Adatis

   Ad"a*tis (#), n. A fine cotton cloth of India.

                                    Adaunt

   A*daunt"  (#), v. t. [OE. adaunten to overpower, OF. adonter; \'85 (L.
   ad)  +  donter,  F.  dompter.  See  Daunt.]  To  daunt;  to subdue; to
   mitigate. [Obs.] Skelton.

                                     Adaw

   A*daw"  (#),  v. t. [Cf. OE. adawe of dawe, AS. of dagum from days, i.
   e., from life, out of life.] To subdue; to daunt. [Obs.]

     The sight whereof did greatly him adaw. Spenser.

                                     Adaw

   A*daw",  v. t. & i. [OE. adawen to wake; pref. a- (cf. Goth. us-, Ger.
   er-) + dawen, dagon, to dawn. See Daw.] To awaken; to arouse. [Obs.]

     A  man that waketh of his sleep He may not suddenly well taken keep
     Upon  a  thing,  ne seen it parfitly Till that he be adawed verily.
     Chaucer.

                                     Adays

   A*days"  (#),  adv.  [Pref. a- (for on) + day; the final s was orig. a
   genitive ending, afterwards forming adverbs.] By day, or every day; in
   the daytime. [Obs.] Fielding.

                                 Ad captandum

   Ad  cap*tan"dum  (#).  [L.,  for  catching.] A phrase used adjectively
   sometimes of meretricious attempts to catch or win popular favor.

                                      Add

   Add  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Added; p. pr. & vb. n. Adding.] [L.
   addere; ad + dare to give, put. Cf. Date, Do.]

   1.  To  give  by  way  of increased possession (to any one); to bestow
   (on).

     The Lord shall add to me another son. Gen. xxx. 24.
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   Page 20

   2.  To  join  or  unite,  as  one  thing  to  another,  or  as several
   particulars,  so  as  to  increase  the  number, augment the quantity,
   enlarge  the magnitude, or so as to form into one aggregate. Hence: To
   sum  up;  to  put  together  mentally; as, to add numbers; to add up a
   column.

     Back to thy punishment, False fugitive, and to thy speed add wings.
     Milton.

     As  easily  as  he  can  add  together the ideas of two days or two
     years. Locke.

   3. To append, as a statement; to say further.

     He added that he would willingly consent to the entire abolition of
     the tax. Macaulay.

   Syn.  --  To  Add,  Join,  Annex,  Unite, Coalesce. We add by bringing
   things together so as to form a whole. We join by putting one thing to
   another  in  close or continuos connection. We annex by attaching some
   adjunct to a larger body. We unite by bringing things together so that
   their  parts adhere or intermingle. Things coalesce by coming together
   or mingling so as to form one organization. To add quantities; to join
   houses;  to  annex  territory;  to  unite  kingdoms;  to  make parties
   coalesce.

                                      Add

   Add (#), v. i.

   1.  To  make  an  addition. To add to, to augment; to increase; as, it
   adds to our anxiety. "I will add to your yoke." 1 Kings xii. 14.

   2.  To  perform  the  arithmetical  operation of addition; as, he adds
   rapidly.

                                    Addable

   Add"a*ble (#), a. [Add, v. + -able.] Addible.

                                     Addax

   Ad"dax  (#),  n.  [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the largest African
   antelopes (Hippotragus, OR Oryx, nasomaculatus).

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  no w be lieved to be the Strepsiceros (twisted
     horn)  of  the  ancients. By some it is thought to be the pygarg of
     the Bible.

                                    Addeem

   Ad*deem"  (#),  v.  t. [Pref. a- + deem.] To award; to adjudge. [Obs.]
   "Unto him they did addeem the prise." Spenser.

                                   Addendum

   Ad*den"dum  (#), n.; pl. Addenda (#). [L., fr. addere to add.] A thing
   to  be  added;  an  appendix or addition. Addendum circle (Mech.), the
   circle  which  may  be  described around a circular spur wheel or gear
   wheel, touching the crests or tips of the teeth. Rankine.

                                     Adder

   Add"er  (#),  n.  [See  Add.]  One  who,  or that which, adds; esp., a
   machine for adding numbers.

                                     Adder

   Ad"der,  n.  [OE.  addere, naddere, eddre, AS. n\'91dre, adder, snake;
   akin to OS. nadra, OHG. natra, natara, Ger. natter, Goth. nadrs, Icel.
   na\'ebr,  masc.,  na\'ebra,  fem.:  cf.  W.  neidr,  Gorn. naddyr, Ir.
   nathair, L. natrix, water snake. An adder is for a nadder.]

   1. A serpent. [Obs.] "The eddre seide to the woman." Wyclif. Gen. iii.
   4. )

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  (a)  A small venomous serpent of the genus Vipera. The
   common European adder is the Vipera (or Pelias) berus. The puff adders
   of  Africa are species of Clotho. (b) In America, the term is commonly
   applied  to several harmless snakes, as the milk adder, puffing adder,
   etc. (c) Same as Sea Adder.

     NOTE: &hand; In  the sculptures the appellation is given to several
     venomous serpents, -- sometimes to the horned viper (Cerastles).

                                  Adder fly/

   Ad"der fly/ (#). A dragon fly.

                                Adder's-tongue

   Ad"der's-tongue`  (#),  n. (Bot.) (a) A genus of ferns (Ophioglossum),
   whose seeds are produced on a spike resembling a serpent's tongue. (b)
   The yellow dogtooth violet. Gray.

                                   Adderwort

   Ad"der*wort` (#), n. (Bot.) The common bistort or snakeweed (Polygonum
   bistorta).

                                  Addibility

   Add`i*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  The quantity of being addible; capability of
   addition. Locke.

                                    Addible

   Add"i*ble (#), a. Capable of being added. "Addible numbers." Locke.

                                    Addice

   Ad"dice (#), n. See Adze. [Obs.] Moxon.

                                    Addict

   Ad*dict" (#), p. p. Addicted; devoted. [Obs.]

                                    Addict

   Ad*dict",  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Addicted; p. pr. & vb. n. Addicting.]
   [L.  addictus,  p.  p.  of addicere to adjudge, devote; ad + dicere to
   say. See Diction.]

   1.  To  apply  habitually;  to devote; to habituate; -- with to. "They
   addict themselves to the civil law." Evelyn.

     He is addicted to his study. Beau. & Fl.

     That  part  of  mankind  that  addict  their minds to speculations.
     Adventurer.

     His genius addicted him to the study of antiquity. Fuller.

     A man gross . . . and addicted to low company. Macaulay.

   2. To adapt; to make suitable; to fit. [Obs.]

     The land about is exceedingly addicted to wood, but the coldness of
     the place hinders the growth. Evelyn.

   Syn. -- Addict, Devote, Consecrate, Dedicate. Addict was formerly used
   in  a  good sense; as, addicted to letters; but is now mostly employed
   in  a  bad sense or an indifferent one; as, addicted to vice; addicted
   to  sensual  indulgence.  "Addicted  to  staying at home." J. S. Mill.
   Devote   is   always  taken  in  a  good  sense,  expressing  habitual
   earnestness  in  the  pursuit  of some favorite object; as, devoted to
   science.  Consecrate  and  dedicate express devotion of a higher kind,
   involving  religious  sentiment; as, consecrated to the service of the
   church; dedicated to God.

                                 Addictedness

   Ad*dict"ed*ness,   n.   The   quality  or  state  of  being  addicted;
   attachment.

                                   Addiction

   Ad*dic"tion (#), n. [Cf. L. addictio an adjudging.] The state of being
   addicted;  devotion; inclination. "His addiction was to courses vain."
   Shak.

                               Addison's disease

   Ad"di*son's  dis*ease"  (#).  [Named  from  Thomas  Addison, M. D., of
   London,  who  first described it.] (Med.) A morbid condition causing a
   peculiar brownish discoloration of the skin, and thought, at one time,
   to  be  due to disease of the suprarenal capsules (two flat triangular
   bodies  covering  the upper part of the kidneys), but now known not to
   be dependent upon this causes exclusively. It is usually fatal.

                                  Additament

   Ad*dit"a*ment  (#),  n. [L. additamentum, fr. additus, p. p. of addere
   to add.] An addition, or a thing added. Fuller.

     My  persuasion  that  the  latter  verses  of  the  chapter were an
     additament of a later age. Coleridge.

                                   Addition

   Ad*di"tion (#), n. [F. addition, L. additio, fr. addere to add.]

   1.  The  act  of  adding  two  or  more things together; -- opposed to
   subtraction  or  diminution.  "This  endless addition or addibility of
   numbers." Locke.

   2. Anything added; increase; augmentation; as, a piazza is an addition
   to a building.

   3. (Math.) That part of arithmetic which treats of adding numbers.

   4.  (Mus.) A dot at the right side of a note as an indication that its
   sound is to be lengthened one half. [R.]

   5.  (Law)  A  title  annexed  to  a  man's  name, to identify him more
   precisely; as, John Doe, Esq.; Richard Roe, Gent.; Robert Dale, Mason;
   Thomas Way, of New York; a mark of distinction; a title.

   6.  (Her.)  Something  added to a coat of arms, as a mark of honor; --
   opposed to abatement.
   Vector  addition  (Geom.),  that  kind  of  addition  of two lines, or
   vectors,  AB  and  BC,  by which their sum is regarded as the line, or
   vector,  AC.  Syn.  --  Increase;  accession; augmentation; appendage;
   adjunct.

                                  Additional

   Ad*di"tion*al (#), a. Added; supplemental; in the way of an addition.

                                  Additional

   Ad*di"tion*al, n. Something added. [R.] Bacon.

                                 Additionally

   Ad*di"tion*al*ly, adv. By way of addition.

                                  Additionary

   Ad*di"tion*a*ry (#), a. Additional. [R.] Herbert.

                                  Addititious

   Ad`di*ti"tious (#), a. [L. addititius, fr. addere.] Additive. [R.] Sir
   J. Herschel.

                                   Additive

   Ad"di*tive  (#),  a.  [L.  additivus.]  (Math.)  Proper  to  be added;
   positive; -- opposed to subtractive.

                                   Additory

   Ad"di*to*ry  (#),  a.  Tending  to  add;  making  some  addition. [R.]
   Arbuthnot.

                                     Addle

   Ad"dle (#), n. [OE. adel, AS. adela, mud.]

   1. Liquid filth; mire. [Obs.]

   2. Lees; dregs. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

                                     Addle

   Ad"dle, a. Having lost the power of development, and become rotten, as
   eggs;  putrid.  Hence:  Unfruitful  or  confused,  as brains; muddled.
   Dryden.

                                     Addle

   Ad"dle,  v.  t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Addled (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Addling
   (#).]  To  make  addle;  to  grow  addle; to muddle; as, he addled his
   brain. "Their eggs were addled." Cowper.

                                     Addle

   Ad"dle,  v.  t.  &  i. [OE. adlen, adilen, to gain, acquire; prob. fr.
   Icel.  \'94\'eblask to acquire property, akin to o\'ebal property. Cf.
   Allodial.]

   1. To earn by labor. [Prov. Eng.] Forby.

   2. To thrive or grow; to ripen. [Prov. Eng.]

     Kill ivy, else tree will addle no more. Tusser.

                      Addle-brain, Addle-head, Addle-pate

   Ad"dle-brain`  (#), Ad"dle-head` (#), Ad"dle-pate (#), n. A foolish or
   dull-witted fellow. [Colloq.]

                   Addle-brained, Addle-headed, Addle-pated

   Ad"dle-brained`   (#),   Ad"dle-head`ed  (#),  Ad"dle-pa`ted  (#),  a.
   Dull-witted; stupid. "The addle-brained Oberstein." Motley.

     Dull and addle-pated. Dryden.

                                Addle-patedness

   Ad"dle-pa`ted*ness (#), n. Stupidity.

                                   Addlings

   Ad"dlings  (#),  n.  pl.  [See Addle, to earn.] Earnings. [Prov. Eng.]
   Wright.

                                    Addoom

   Ad*doom" (#), v. t. [Pref. a- + doom.] To adjudge. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                   Addorsed

   Ad*dorsed"  (#),  a.  [L. ad + dorsum, back: cf. F. adoss\'82.] (Her.)
   Set or turned back to back.

                                    Address

   Ad*dress"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Addressed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Addressing.]  [OE.  adressen  to  raise erect, adorn, OF. adrecier, to
   straighten,  address,  F. adresser, fr. \'85 (L. ad) + OF. drecier, F.
   dresser, to straighten, arrange. See Dress, v.]

   1. To aim; to direct. [Obs.] Chaucer.

     And this good knight his way with me addrest. Spenser.

   2. To prepare or make ready. [Obs.]

     His foe was soon addressed. Spenser.

     Turnus addressed his men to single fight. Dryden.

     The  five  foolish virgins addressed themselves at the noise of the
     bridegroom's coming. Jer. Taylor.

   3.  Reflexively:  To  prepare  one's  self;  to  apply  one's skill or
   energies (to some object); to betake.

     These men addressed themselves to the task. Macaulay.

   4. To clothe or array; to dress. [Archaic]

     Tecla . . . addressed herself in man's apparel. Jewel.

   5.  To  direct,  as  words  (to  any  one or any thing); to make, as a
   speech, petition, etc. (to any one, an audience).

     The young hero had addressed his players to him for his assistance.
     Dryden.

   6.  To direct speech to; to make a communication to, whether spoken or
   written;  to  apply  to  by  words, as by a speech, petition, etc., to
   speak to; to accost.

     Are not your orders to address the senate? Addison.

     The representatives of the nation addressed the king. Swift.

   7. To direct in writing, as a letter; to superscribe, or to direct and
   transmit; as, he addressed a letter.

   8. To make suit to as a lover; to court; to woo.

   9.  (Com.)  To  consign or intrust to the care of another, as agent or
   factor; as, the ship was addressed to a merchant in Baltimore.
   To  address  one's  self  to.  (a) To prepare one's self for; to apply
   one's self to. (b) To direct one's speech or discourse to.

                                    Address

   Ad*dress" (#), v. i.

   1.  To  prepare one's self. [Obs.] "Let us address to tend on Hector's
   heels." Shak.

   2. To direct speech. [Obs.]

     Young Turnus to the beauteous maid addrest. Dryden.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e in transitive us es come from the dropping out of
     the reflexive pronoun.

                                    Address

   Ad*dress, n. [Cf. F. adresse. See Address, v. t.]

   1. Act of preparing one's self. [Obs.] Jer Taylor.

   2. Act of addressing one's self to a person; verbal application.

   3.  A  formal  communication, either written or spoken; a discourse; a
   speech;  a  formal  application  to  any  one;  a  petition;  a formal
   statement  on  some  subject  or  special  occasion; as, an address of
   thanks, an address to the voters.

   4.  Direction  or  superscription of a letter, or the name, title, and
   place of residence of the person addressed.

   5.  Manner  of speaking to another; delivery; as, a man of pleasing or
   insinuating address.

   6. Attention in the way one's addresses to a lady. Addison.

   7.  Skill; skillful management; dexterity; adroitness. Syn. -- Speech;
   discourse; harangue; oration; petition; lecture; readiness; ingenuity;
   tact; adroitness.

                                   Addressee

   Ad`dress*ee" (#), n. One to whom anything is addressed.

                                  Addression

   Ad*dres"sion  (#), n. The act of addressing or directing one's course.
   [Rare & Obs.] Chapman.

                                    Adduce

   Ad*duce"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Adduced (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adducing  (#).]  [L.  adducere,  adductum,  to  lead or bring to; ad +
   ducere  to lead. See Duke, and cf. Adduct.] To bring forward or offer,
   as  an  argument, passage, or consideration which bears on a statement
   or case; to cite; to allege.

     Reasons . . . were adduced on both sides. Macaulay.

     Enough could not be adduced to satisfy the purpose of illustration.
     De Quincey.

   Syn.  -- To present; allege; advance; cite; quote; assign; urge; name;
   mention.

                                   Adducent

   Ad*du"cent  (#),  a.  [L.  addunces,  p.  pr. of adducere.] (Physiol.)
   Bringing together or towards a given point; -- a word applied to those
   muscles  of  the  body which pull one part towards another. Opposed to
   abducent.

                                    Adducer

   Ad*du"cer (#), n. One who adduces.

                                   Adducible

   Ad*du"ci*ble (#), a. Capable of being adduced.

     Proofs innumerable, and in every imaginable manner diversified, are
     adducible. I. Taylor.

                                    Adduct

   Ad*duct"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adductus, p. p. of adducere. See Adduce.]
   (Physiol.) To draw towards a common center or a middle line. Huxley.

                                   Adduction

   Ad*duc"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. adduction. See Adduce.]

   1. The act of adducing or bringing forward.

     An adduction of facts gathered from various quarters. I. Taylor.

   2.  (Physiol.)  The  action  by  which the parts of the body are drawn
   towards its axis]; -- opposed to abduction. Dunglison.

                                   Adductive

   Ad*duc"tive (#), a. Adducing, or bringing towards or to something.

                                   Adductor

   Ad*duc"tor  (#), n. [L., fr. adducere.] (Anat.) A muscle which draws a
   limb or part of the body toward the middle line of the body, or closes
   extended  parts  of the body; -- opposed to abductor; as, the adductor
   of the eye, which turns the eye toward the nose.

     In  the  bivalve  shells, the muscles which close the values of the
     shell are called adductor muscles. Verrill.

                                    Addulce

   Ad*dulce"  (#), v. t. [Like F. adoucir; fr. L. ad. + dulcis sweet.] To
   sweeten; to soothe. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                     Adeem

   A*deem"  (#), v. t. [L. adimere. See Ademption.] (Law) To revoke, as a
   legacy, grant, etc., or to satisfy it by some other gift.

                                 Adelantadillo

   A`de*lan`ta*dil"lo  (#), n. [Sp.] A Spanish red wine made of the first
   ripe grapes.

                                  Adelantado

   A`de*lan*ta"do  (#),  n.  [Sp.,  prop.  p. of adelantar to advance, to
   promote.] A governor of a province; a commander. Prescott.

                                   Adelaster

   Ad*e*las"ter  (#), n. [Gr. (Bot.) A provisional name for a plant which
   has  not  had  its flowers botanically examined, and therefore has not
   been referred to its proper genus.

                                    Adeling

   Ad"el*ing (#), n. Same as Atheling.

                                 Adelocodonic

   A*del`o*co*don"ic  (#), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Applied to sexual zooids of
   hydroids,  that have a saclike form and do not become free; -- opposed
   to phanerocodonic.

                                   Adelopod

   A*del"o*pod (#), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An animal having feet that are not
   apparent.

                                   Adelphia

   A*del"phi*a  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  A "brotherhood," or collection of
   stamens  in  a  bundle; -- used in composition, as in the class names,
   Monadelphia, Diadelphia, etc.

                                   Adelphous

   A*del"phous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  Having  coalescent  or  clustered
   filaments;  --  said  of  stamens;  as,  adelphous stamens. Usually in
   composition; as, monadelphous. Gray.

                                    Adempt

   A*dempt"  (#),  p.  p.  [L.  ademptus, p. p. of adimere to take away.]
   Takes away. [Obs.]

     Without  any  sinister suspicion of anything being added or adempt.
     Latimn.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 21

                                   Ademption

   A*demp"tion (#), n. [L. ademptio, fr. adimere, ademptum, to take away;
   ad + emere to buy, orig. to take.] (Law) The revocation or taking away
   of a grant donation, legacy, or the like. Bouvier.

                                Aden- or Adeno-

   Aden-  or Adeno-. [Gr. Combining forms of the Greek word for gland; --
   used  in  words  relating  to  the  structure,  diseases, etc., of the
   glands.

                              Adenalgia, Adenalgy

   Ad`e*nal"gi*a (#), Ad"e*nal`gy (#), n. [Gr. (Med.) Pain in a gland.

                                   Adeniform

   A*den"i*form  (#),  a.  [Aden- + -form.] Shaped like a gland; adenoid.
   Dunglison.

                                   Adenitis

   Ad`e*ni"tis  (#),  n.  [Aden- + -itis.] (Med.) Glandular inflammation.
   Dunglison.

                                 Adenographic

   Ad`e*no*graph"ic (#), a. Pertaining to adenography.

                                  Adenography

   Ad`e*nog"ra*phy (#), n. [Adeno- + -graphy.] That part of anatomy which
   describes the glands.

                              Adenoid, Adenoidal

   Ad"e*noid (#), Ad`e*noid"al (#) a. Glandlike; glandular.

                                 Adenological

   Ad`e*no*log"ic*al (#), a. Pertaining to adenology.

                                   Adenology

   Ad`e*nol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Adeno- + -logy.] The part of physiology that
   treats of the glands.

                                 Adenophorous

   Ad`e*noph"o*rous (#), a. [Adeno- + Gr. (Bot.) Producing glands.

                                 Adenophyllous

   Ad`e*noph"yl*lous  (#),  a.  [Adeno- + Gr. (Bot.) Having glands on the
   leaves.

                                    Adenose

   Ad"e*nose`  (?;  277),  a.  Like  a gland; full of glands; glandulous;
   adenous.

                                  Adenotomic

   Ad`e*no*tom"ic (#), a. Pertaining to adenotomy.

                                   Adenotomy

   Ad`e*not"o*my (#), n. [Adeno- + Gr. (Anat.) Dissection of, or incision
   into, a gland or glands.

                                    Adenous

   Ad"e*nous (#), a. Same as Adenose.

                                     Adeps

   Ad"eps (#), n. [L.] Animal fat; lard.

                                     Adept

   A*dept" (#), n. [L. adeptus obtained (sc. artem), adipsci to arrive ad
   + apisci to pursue. See Apt, and cf. Adapt.] One fully skilled or well
   versed in anything; a proficient; as, adepts in philosophy.

                                     Adept

   A*dept", a. Well skilled; completely versed; thoroughly proficient.

     Beaus adept in everything profound. Cowper.

                                   Adeption

   A*dep"tion   (#),  n.  [L.  adeptio.  See  Adept,  a.]  An  obtaining;
   attainment. [Obs.]

     In the wit and policy of the capitain consisteth the chief adeption
     of the victory. Grafton.

                                   Adeptist

   A*dept"ist, n. A skilled alchemist. [Obs.]

                                   Adeptness

   A*dept"ness, n. The quality of being adept; skill.

                                   Adequacy

   Ad"e*qua*cy  (#),  n.  [See  Adequate.]  The state or quality of being
   adequate, proportionate, or sufficient; a sufficiency for a particular
   purpose; as, the adequacy of supply to the expenditure.

                                   Adequate

   Ad"e*quate  (#),  a.  [L. adaequatus, p. p. of adaequare to make equal
   to;  ad  +  aequare  to make equal, aequus equal. See Equal.] Equal to
   some  requirement;  proportionate, or correspondent; fully sufficient;
   as, powers adequate to a great work; an adequate definition.

     Ireland had no adequate champion. De Quincey.

   Syn.  -- Proportionate; commensurate; sufficient; suitable; competent;
   capable.

                                   Adequate

   Ad"e*quate (#), v. t. [See Adequate, a.]

   1. To equalize; to make adequate. [R.] Fotherby.

   2. To equal. [Obs.]

     It  [is]  an  impossibility for any creature to adequate God in his
     eternity. Shelford.

                                  Adequately

   Ad"e*quate*ly (#), adv. In an adequate manner.

                                 Adequateness

   Ad"e*quate*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  adequate; suitableness;
   sufficiency; adequacy.

                                  Adequation

   Ad`e*qua"tion  (#),  n. [L. adaequatio.] The act of equalizing; act or
   result of making adequate; an equivalent. [Obs.] Bp. Barlow.

                                    Adesmy

   A*des"my (#), n. [Gr. (Bot.) The division or defective coherence of an
   organ that is usually entire.

                                 Adessenarian

   Ad*es`se*na"ri*an  (#),  n.  [Formed fr. L. adesse to be present; ad +
   esse  to be.] (Eccl. Hist.) One who held the real presence of Christ's
   body in the eucharist, but not by transubstantiation.

                                   Adfected

   Ad*fect"ed  (#),  a.  [L. adfectus or affectus. See Affect, v.] (Alg.)
   See Affected, 5.

                                  Adfiliated

   Ad*fil"i*a`ted (#), a. See Affiliated. [Obs.]

                                  Adfiliation

   Ad*fil`i*a"tion (#), n. See Affiliation. [Obs.]

                                   Adfluxion

   Ad*flux"ion (#), n. See Affluxion.

                                   Adhamant

   Ad*ha"mant  (#),  a.  [From  L.  adhamare  to catch; ad + hamus hook.]
   Clinging, as by hooks.

                                    Adhere

   Ad*here"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Adhered (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adhering  (#).] [L. adhaerere, adhaesum; ad + haerere to stick: cf. F.
   adh\'82rer. See Aghast.]

   1.  To  stick fast or cleave, as a glutinous substance does; to become
   joined or united; as, wax to the finger; the lungs sometimes adhere to
   the pleura.

   2.  To  hold,  be  attached,  or  devoted;  to remain fixed, either by
   personal  union or conformity of faith, principle, or opinion; as, men
   adhere to a party, a cause, a leader, a church.

   3.  To  be consistent or coherent; to be in accordance; to agree. "Nor
   time  nor place did then adhere." Every thing adheres together." Shak.
   Syn. -- To attach; stick; cleave; cling; hold

                                   Adherence

   Ad*her"ence (#), n. [Cf. F. adh\'82rence, LL. adhaerentia.]

   1. The quality or state of adhering.

   2.   The   state  of  being  fixed  in  attachment;  fidelity;  steady
   attachment; adhesion; as, adherence to a party or to opinions. Syn. --
   Adherence, Adhesion. These words, which were once freely interchanged,
   are  now  almost  entirely  separated.  Adherence is no longer used to
   denote physical union, but is applied, to mental states or habits; as,
   a  strict  adherence  to  one's duty; close adherence to the argument,
   etc. Adhesion is now confined chiefly to the physical sense, except in
   the phrase "To give in one's adhesion to a cause or a party."

                                   Adherency

   Ad*her"en*cy (#), n.

   1. The state or quality of being adherent; adherence. [R.]

   2. That which adheres. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

                                   Adherent

   Ad*her"ent (#), a. [L. adhaerens, -entis, p. pr.: cf. F. adh\'82rent.]

   1. Sticking; clinging; adhering. Pope.

   2. Attached as an attribute or circumstance.

   3.  (Bot.) Congenitally united with an organ of another kind, as calyx
   with ovary, or stamens with petals.

                                   Adherent

   Ad*her"ent, n.

   1.  One who adheres; one who adheres; one who follows a leader, party,
   or  profession;  a  follower,  or partisan; a believer in a particular
   faith or church.

   2.  That  which  adheres; an appendage. [R.] Milton. Syn. -- Follower;
   partisan; upholder; disciple; supporter; dependent; ally; backer.

                                  Adherently

   Ad*her"ent*ly, adv. In an adherent manner.

                                    Adherer

   Ad*her"er (#), n. One who adheres; an adherent.

                                   Adhesion

   Ad*he"sion (#), n. [L. adhaesio, fr. adhaerere: cf. F. adh\'82sion.]

   1.  The  action  of  sticking;  the  state of being attached; intimate
   union;  as the adhesion of glue, or of parts united by growth, cement,
   or the like.

   2.  Adherence; steady or firm attachment; fidelity; as, to error, to a
   policy.

     His  adhesion to the Tories was bounded by his approbation of their
     foreign policy. De Quincey.

   3. Agreement to adhere; concurrence; assent.

     To that treaty Spain and England gave in their adhesion. Macaulay.

   4.  (Physics)  The  molecular  attraction  exerted  between  bodies in
   contact. See Cohesion.

   5. (Med.) Union of surface, normally separate, by the formation of new
   tissue resulting from an inflammatory process.

   6. (Bot.) The union of parts which are separate in other plants, or in
   younger  states  of  the  same  plant.  Syn.  -- Adherence; union. See
   Adherence.

                                   Adhesive

   Ad*he"sive (#), a. [Cf. F. adh\'82sif.]

   1. Sticky; tenacious, as glutinous substances.

   2. Apt or tending to adhere; clinging. Thomson.
   Adhesive   attraction.   (Physics)   See   Attraction.   --   Adhesive
   inflammation  (Surg.),  that  kind of inflammation which terminates in
   the reunion of divided parts without suppuration. -- Adhesive plaster,
   a sticking; a plaster containing resin, wax, litharge, and olive oil.

                                  Adhesively

   Ad*he"sive*ly, adv. In an adhesive manner.

                                 Adhesiveness

   Ad*he"sive*ness, n.

   1. The quality of sticking or adhering; stickiness; tenacity of union.

   2.  (Phren.)  Propensity  to form and maintain attachments to persons,
   and to promote social intercourse.

                                    Adhibit

   Ad*hib"it (#), v. t. [L. adhibitus, p. p. of adhibere to hold to; ad +
   habere to have.]

   1. To admit, as a person or thing; to take in. Muirhead.

   2. To use or apply; to administer. Camden.

   3. To attach; to affix. Alison.

                                  Adhibition

   Ad`hi*bi"tion   (#),   n.  [L.  adhibitio.]  The  act  of  adhibiting;
   application; use. Whitaker.

                                  Ad hominem

   Ad  hom"i*nem  (#). [L., to the man.] ` phrase applied to an appeal or
   argument addressed to the principles, interests, or passions of a man.

                                    Adhort

   Ad*hort"  (#),  v.  t.  [L. adhortari. See Adhortation.] To exhort; to
   advise. [Obs.] Feltham.

                                  Adhortation

   Ad`hor*ta"tion  (#),  n. [L. adhortatio, fr. adhortari to advise; ad +
   hortari to exhort.] Advice; exhortation. [Obs.] Peacham.

                                  Adhortatory

   Ad*hor"ta*to*ry  (#),  a.  Containing  counsel  or warning; hortatory;
   advisory. [Obs.] Potter.

                                   Adiabatic

   Ad`i*a*bat"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Physics) Not giving out or receiving heat.
   --   Ad`i*a*bat`ic*al*ly,  adv.  Adiabatic  line  or  curve,  a  curve
   exhibiting  the  variations  of pressure and volume of a fluid when it
   expands without either receiving or giving out heat. Rankine.

                                  Adiactinic

   Ad`i*ac*tin"ic  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not  +  diactinic.]  (Chem.) Not
   transmitting the actinic rays.

                                   Adiantum

   Ad`i*an"tum  (#),  n. [L., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of ferns, the leaves
   of which shed water; maidenhair. Also, the black maidenhair, a species
   of spleenwort.

                                  Adiaphorism

   Ad`i*aph"o*rism (#), n. Religious indifference.

                                  Adiaphorist

   Ad`i*aph"o*rist  (#),  n.  [See Adiaphorous.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of the
   German  Protestants  who,  with  Melanchthon,  held  some opinions and
   ceremonies  to  be indifferent or nonessential, which Luther condemned
   as sinful or heretical. Murdock.

                                 Adiaphoristic

   Ad`i*aph`o*ris"tic  (#), a. Pertaining to matters indifferent in faith
   and practice. Shipley.

                                  Adiaphorite

   Ad`i*aph"o*rite (#), n. Same as Adiaphorist.

                                  Adiaphorous

   Ad`i*aph"o*rous (#), a. [Gr.

   1. Indifferent or neutral. Jer. Taylor.

   2.  (Med.)  Incapable of doing either harm or good, as some medicines.
   Dunglison.

                                   Adiaphory

   Ad`i*aph"o*ry, n. [Gr. Indifference. [Obs.]

                                  Adiathermic

   Ad`i*a*ther"mic (#), a. [Gr. Not pervious to heat.

                                     Adieu

   A*dieu"  (#), interj. & adv. [OE. also adew, adewe, adue, F. dieu, fr.
   L.  ad to + deus God.] Good-by; farewell; an expression of kind wishes
   at parting.

                                     Adieu

   A*dieu",  n.;  pl. Adieus (#). A farewell; commendation to the care of
   God at parting. Shak.

                                    Adight

   A*dight"  (#),  v.  t.  [p.  p.  Adight.]  [Pref. a- (intensive) + OE.
   dihten.  See Dight.] To set in order; to array; to attire; to deck, to
   dress. [Obs.]

                                 Ad infinitum

   Ad in`fi*ni"tum (#). [L., to infinity.] Without limit; endlessly.

                                  Ad interim

   Ad in"ter*im (#)[L.] Meanwhile; temporary.

                                  Adepescent

   Ad`e*pes"cent  (#),  a.  [L.  adeps,  adipis, fat + -escent.] Becoming
   fatty.

                                    Adipic

   A*dip"ic  (#),  a.  [L. adeps, adipis, fat.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or
   derived  from,  fatty  or oily substances; -- applied to certain acids
   obtained from fats by the action of nitric acid. <-- 2. adipic acid. a
   dicarboxylic acid containing six carbon atoms in a linear chain -->

                                  Adipocerate

   Ad`i*poc"er*ate (#), v. t. To convert adipocere.

                                 Adipoceration

   Ad`i*poc`er*a"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  or  process  of  changing into
   adipocere.

                                   Adipocere

   Ad"i*po*cere`  (#),  n.  [L.  adeps,  adipis,  fat  + cera wax: cf. F.
   adipocere.]  A  soft,  unctuous,  or  waxy substance, of a light brown
   color,  into  which the fat and muscle tissue of dead bodies sometimes
   are  converted,  by  long  immersion  in  water  or by burial in moist
   places. It is a result of fatty degeneration.

                                 Adipoceriform

   Ad`i*po*cer"i*form  (#),  a.  [Adipocere  + -form.] Having the form or
   appearance of adipocere; as, an adipoceriform tumor.

                                  Adipocerous

   Ad`i*poc"er*ous (#), a. Like adipocere.

                                    Adipose

   Ad"i*pose`  (?;  277),  a.  [L.  adeps,  adipis,  fat,  grease.] Of or
   pertaining  to  animal  fat;  fatty.  Adipose  fin  (Zo\'94l.), a soft
   boneless  fin.  --  Adipose tissue (Anat.), that form of animal tissue
   which forms or contains fat.

                            Adiposeness, Adiposity

   Ad"i*pose`ness  (#),  Ad`i*pos"i*ty  (#),  n.  The state of being fat;
   fatness.

                                    Adipous

   Ad"i*pous (#), a. Fatty; adipose. [R.]

                                   Adipsous

   A*dip"sous (#), a. [Gr. Quenching thirst, as certain fruits.

                                    Adipsy

   Ad"ip*sy (#), n. [Gr. (Med.) Absence of thirst.

                                     Adit

   Ad"it (#), n. [L. aditus, fr. adire, , to go to; ad + ire to go.]

   1. An entrance or passage. Specifically: The nearly horizontal opening
   by  which  a  mine  is entered, or by which water and ores are carried
   away; -- called also drift and tunnel.

   2. Admission; approach; access. [R.]

     Yourself and yours shall have Free adit. Tennyson.

                             Adjacence, Adjacency

   Ad"ja"cence (#), Ad*ja"cen*cy (#),[Cf. LL. adjacentia.]

   1.  The  state  of  being  adjacent or contiguous; contiguity; as, the
   adjacency of lands or buildings.

   2. That which is adjacent.[R.] Sir T. Browne.

                                   Adjacent

   Ad*ja"cent  (#),  a.  [L. adjacens, -centis, p. pr. of adjacere to lie
   near;  ad  +  jac  to  lie:  cf.  F.  adjacent.] Lying near, close, or
   contiguous;  neighboring;  bordering  on;  as, a field adjacent to the
   highway.  "The  adjacent  forest."  B.  Jonson. Adjacent or contiguous
   angle.  (Geom.)  See  Angle.  Syn.  -- Adjoining; contiguous; near. --
   Adjacent,  Adjoining,  Contiguous.  Things  are adjacent when they lie
   close  each  other,  not  necessary  in  actual  contact; as, adjacent
   fields, adjacent villages, etc.

     I  find  that  all  Europe  with her adjacent isles is peopled with
     Christians. Howell.

   Things are adjoining when they meet at some line or point of junction;
   as,  adjoining  farms,  an  adjoining  highway.  What  is spoken of as
   contiguous  should  touch with some extent of one side or the whole of
   it; as, a row of contiguous buildings; a wood contiguous to a plain.

                                   Adjacent

   Ad*ja"cent, n. That which is adjacent. [R.] Locke.

                                  Adjacently

   Ad*ja"cent*ly, adv. So as to be adjacent.

                                    Adject

   Ad*ject"  (#),  v.  t. [L. adjectus, p. p. of adjicere to throw to, to
   add  to; ad + ac to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.] To add or annex;
   to join. Leland.

                                   Adjection

   Ad*jec"tion  (#), n. [L. adjectio, fr. adjicere: cf. F. adjection. See
   Adject.]  The  act  or  mode of adding; also, the thing added. [R.] B.
   Jonson.

                                  Adjectional

   Ad*jec"tion*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining to adjection; that is, or may be,
   annexed. [R.] Earle.

                                 Adjectitious

   Ad`jec*ti"tious (#), [L. adjectitius.] Added; additional. Parkhurst.

                                  Adjectival

   Ad`jec*ti"val (#), a. Of or relating to the relating to the adjective;
   of the nature of an adjective; adjective. W. Taylor (1797)

                                 Adjectivally

   Ad`jec*ti"val*ly,  adv.  As,  or  in  the  manner  of,  an  adjective;
   adjectively.

                                   Adjective

   Ad"jec*tive (#), a. [See Adjective, n.]

   1.  Added  to  a  substantive  as  an  attribute;  of the nature of an
   adjunct; as, an word sentence.

   2. Not standing by itself; dependent.
   Adjective color, a color which requires to be fixed by some mordant or
   base to give it permanency.

   3.  Relating  to  procedure.  "The  whole English law, substantive and
   adjective." Macaulay.

                                   Adjective

   Ad"jec*tive,  n.  [L. adjectivum (sc. nomen), neut. of adjectivus that
   is added, fr. adjicere: cf. F. adjectif. See Adject.]

   1.  (Gram.)  A  word  used  with  a noun, or substantive, to express a
   quality of the thing named, or something attributed to it, or to limit
   or  define  it,  or  to  specify or describe a thing, as distinct from
   something  else.  Thus,  in  phrase,  "a  wise  ruler,"  wise  is  the
   adjective, expressing a property of ruler.

   2. A dependent; an accessory. Fuller.

                                   Adjective

   Ad"jec*tive,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Adjectived (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adjectiving  (#).]  To make an adjective of; to form or change into an
   adjective. [R.]

     Language   has   as   much   occasion  to  adjective  the  distinct
     signification  of  the  verb, and to adjective also the mood, as it
     has to adjective time. It has . . . adjectived all three. Tooke.

                                  Adjectively

   Ad"jec*tive*ly,  adv.  In  the manner of an adjective; as, a word used
   adjectively.

                                    Adjoin

   Ad*join"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Adjoined (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adjoining.]   [OE.   ajoinen,  OF.  ajoindre,  F.  adjoindre,  fr.  L.
   adjungere;  ad  + jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Adjunct.] To join
   or  unite  to; to lie contiguous to; to be in contact with; to attach;
   to append.

     Corrections  .  . . should be, as remarks, adjoined by way of note.
     Watts.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 22

                                    Adjoin

   Ad*join" (#), v. i.

   1.  To lie or be next, or in contact; to be contiguous; as, the houses
   adjoin.

     When one man's land adjoins to another's. Blackstone.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e co nstruction with to, on, or with is obsolete or
     obsolescent.

   2. To join one's self. [Obs.]

     She lightly unto him adjoined side to side. Spenser.

                                   Adjoinant

   Ad*join"ant (#), a. Contiguous. [Obs.] Carew.

                                   Adjoining

   Ad*join"ing,  a.  Joining  to;  contiguous; adjacent; as, an adjoining
   room. "The adjoining fane." Dryden.

     Upon the hills adjoining to the city. Shak.

   Syn.  -- Adjacent; contiguous; near; neighboring; abutting; bordering.
   See Adjacent.

                                    Adjoint

   Ad"joint (#), n. An adjunct; a helper. [Obs.]

                                    Adjourn

   Ad*journ  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Adjourned (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adjourning  (#).] [OE. ajornen, OF. ajoiner, ajurner, F. ajourner; OF.
   a  (L. ad) + jor, jur, jorn, F. jour, day, fr. L. diurnus belonging to
   the  day,  fr. dies day. Cf. Journal, Journey.] To put off or defer to
   another day, or indefinitely; to postpone; to close or suspend for the
   day; -- commonly said of the meeting, or the action, of convened body;
   as, to adjourn the meeting; to adjourn a debate.

     It  is  a common practice to adjourn the reformation of their lives
     to a further time. Barrow.

     'Tis a needful fitness That we adjourn this court till further day.
     Shak.

   Syn.  --  To  delay; defer; postpone; put off; suspend. -- To Adjourn,
   Prorogue,  Dissolve.  These words are used in respect to public bodies
   when  they  lay  aside  business  and separate. Adjourn, both in Great
   Britain and this country, is applied to all cases in which such bodies
   separate  for  a  brief period, with a view to meet again. Prorogue is
   applied  in  Great Britain to that act of the executive government, as
   the  sovereign,  which  brings a session of Parliament to a close. The
   word  is  not used in this country, but a legislative body is said, in
   such  a  case,  to  adjourn  sine  die.  To  dissolve  is to annul the
   corporate  existence  of a body. In order to exist again the body must
   be reconstituted.

                                    Adjourn

   Ad*journ",  v.  i.To  suspend  business for a time, as from one day to
   another,  or for a longer period, or indefinitely; usually, to suspend
   public  business,  as  of  legislatures  and courts, or other convened
   bodies;  as,  congress  adjourned at four o'clock; the court adjourned
   without day.

                                   Adjournal

   Ad*journ"al  (#),  n. Adjournment; postponement. [R.] "An adjournal of
   the Diet." Sir W. Scott.

                                  Adjournment

   Ad*journ"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  f.  adjournement,  OF.  ajornement. See
   Adjourn.]

   1.  The  act  of  adjourning; the putting off till another day or time
   specified, or without day.

   2.  The  time  or  interval  during  which  a public body adjourns its
   sittings or postpones business.

                                    Adjudge

   Ad*judge"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Adjudged (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adjudging  (#).]  [OE.  ajugen,  OF.  ajugier, fr. L. adjudicare; ad +
   judicare to judge. See Judge, and cf. Adjudicate.]

   1. To award judicially in the case of a controverted question; as, the
   prize was adjudged to the victor.

   2.  To determine in the exercise of judicial power; to decide or award
   judicially;  to  adjudicate; as, the case was adjudged in the November
   term.

   3. To sentence; to condemn.

     Without  reprieve,  adjudged  to death For want of well pronouncing
     Shibboleth. Milton.

   4. To regard or hold; to judge; to deem.

     He adjudged him unworthy of his friendship. Knolles.

   Syn. -- To decree; award; determine; adjudicate; ordain; assign.

                                   Adjudger

   Ad*judg"er (#), n. One who adjudges.

                                  Adjudgment

   Ad*judg"ment   (#),  n.  The  act  of  adjudging;  judicial  decision;
   adjudication. Sir W. Temple.

                                  Adjudicate

   Ad*ju"di*cate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjudicated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Adjudicating  (#)]  [L.  adjudicatus,  p.  p.  of  adjudicare. See
   Adjudge.]  To  adjudge; to try and determine, as a court; to settle by
   judicial decree.

                                  Adjudicate

   Ad*ju"di*cate,  v.  i.  To  come to a judicial decision; as, the court
   adjudicated upon the case.

                                 Adjudication

   Ad*ju`di*ca"tion (#), n. [L. adjudicatio: cf. F. adjudication.]

   1.  The  act  of  adjudicating;  the  act  or  process  of  trying and
   determining judicially.

   2.  A  deliberate  determination  by  the  judicial  power; a judicial
   decision  or  sentence.  "An adjudication in favor of natural rights."
   Burke.

   3.  (Bankruptcy  practice)  The decision upon the question whether the
   debtor is a bankrupt. Abbott.

   4.  (Scots  Law)  A  process  by which land is attached security or in
   satisfaction of a debt.

                                 Adjudicative

   Ad*ju"di*ca*tive (#), a. Adjudicating.

                                  Adjudicator

   Ad*ju"di*ca`tor (#), n. One who adjudicates.

                                 Adjudicature

   Ad*ju"di*ca*ture (#), n. Adjudication.

                                   Adjugate

   Ad"ju*gate  (#),  v. t. [L. adjugatus, p. p. of adjugare; ad + jugum a
   yoke.] To yoke to. [Obs.]

                                   Adjument

   Ad"ju*ment  (#),  n. [L. adjumentum, for adjuvamentum, fr. adjuvare to
   help;  ad  +  juvare  to  help.] Help; support; also, a helper. [Obs.]
   Waterhouse.

                                    Adjunct

   Ad"junct`  (#),  a.  [L.  adjunctus,  p. p. of adjungere. See Adjoin.]
   Conjoined; attending; consequent.

     Though that my death were adjunct to my act. Shak.

   Adjunct  notes  (Mus.),  short  notes  between  those essential to the
   harmony; auxiliary notes; passing notes.

                                    Adjunct

   Ad"junct`, n.

   1.  Something  joined or added to another thing, but not essentially a
   part of it.

     Learning is but an adjunct to our self. Shak.

   2. A person joined to another in some duty or service; a colleague; an
   associate. Wotton.

   3.  (Gram.)  A  word or words added to quality or amplify the force of
   other  words;  as,  the  History of the American Revolution, where the
   words in italics are the adjunct or adjuncts of "History."

   4.  (Metaph.)  A  quality or property of the body or the mind, whether
   natural or acquired; as, color, in the body, judgment in the mind.

   5.  (Mus.)  A  key or scale closely related to another as principal; a
   relative  or  attendant key. [R.] See Attendant keys, under Attendant,
   a.

                                  Adjunction

   Ad*junc"tion  (#), n. [L. adjunctio, fr. adjungere: cf. F. adjonction,
   and see Adjunct.] The act of joining; the thing joined or added.

                                  Adjunctive

   Ad*junc"tive  (#),  a.  [L.  adjunctivus, fr. adjungere. See Adjunct.]
   Joining; having the quality of joining; forming an adjunct.

                                  Adjunctive

   Ad*junc"tive, n. One who, or that which, is joined.

                                 Adjunctively

   Ad*junc"tive*ly, adv. In an adjunctive manner.

                                   Adjunctly

   Ad*junct"ly  (#),  adv.  By  way of addition or adjunct; in connection
   with.

                                  Adjuration

   Ad`ju*ra"tion  (#), n. [L. adjuratio, fr. adjurare: cf. F. adjuration.
   See Adjure.]

   1.  The  act  of  adjuring;  a  solemn  charging on oath, or under the
   penalty of a curse; an earnest appeal.

     What an accusation could not effect, an adjuration shall. Bp. Hall.

   2. The form of oath or appeal.

     Persons who . . . made use of prayer and adjurations. Addison.

                                  Adjuratory

   Ad*ju"ra*to*ry (#), a. [L. adjuratorius.] Containing an adjuration.

                                    Adjure

   Ad*jure"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Adjured (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adjuring (#)]. [L. adjurare, adjurdium, to swear to; later, to adjure:
   cf.  F.  adjurer. See Jury.] To charge, bind, or command, solemnly, as
   if  under  oath,  or under the penalty of a curse; to appeal to in the
   most solemn or impressive manner; to entreat earnestly.

     Joshua  adjured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man before
     the  Lord, that riseth up and buildeth this city Jericho. Josh. vi.
     26.

     The  high  priest . . . said . . . I adjure thee by the living God,
     that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ. Matt. xxvi. 63.

     The  commissioners  adjured  them  not  to let pass so favorable an
     opportunity of securing their liberties. Marshall.

                                    Adjurer

   Ad*jur"er (#), n. One who adjures.

                                    Adjust

   Ad*just"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Adjusted;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Adjusting.]  [OF.  ajuster,  ajoster  (whence  F. ajouter to add), LL.
   adjuxtare  to  fit;  fr. L. ad + juxta near; confused later with L. ad
   and  justus  just, right, whence F. ajuster to adjust. See Just, v. t.
   and cf. Adjute.]

   1.  To  make  exact;  to fit; to make correspondent or conformable; to
   bring  into  proper relations; as, to adjust a garment to the body, or
   things to a standard.

   2. To put in order; to regulate, or reduce to system.

     Adjusting the orthography. Johnson.

   3.  To  settle  or  bring to a satisfactory state, so that parties are
   agreed  in  the  result;  as,  to adjust accounts; the differences are
   adjusted.

   4.  To  bring  to  a  true  relative  position,  as  the  parts  of an
   instrument;  to  regulate  for  use;  as,  to  adjust  a  telescope or
   microscope.  Syn.  --  To adapt; suit; arrange; regulate; accommodate;
   set right; rectify; settle.

                                  Adjustable

   Ad*just"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being adjusted.

                                   Adjustage

   Ad*just"age (#), n. [Cf. Ajutage.] Adjustment. [R.]

                                   Adjuster

   Ad*just"er (#), n. One who, or that which, adjusts.

                                   Adjustive

   Ad*just"ive (#), a. Tending to adjust. [R.]

                                  Adjustment

   Ad*just"ment (#), n. [Cf. F. ajustement. See Adjust.]

   1.  The  act  of  adjusting,  or  condition  of being adjusted; act of
   bringing into proper relations; regulation.

     Success  depends on the nicest and minutest adjustment of the parts
     concerned. Paley.

   2. (Law) Settlement of claims; an equitable arrangement of conflicting
   claims,  as  in  set-off,  contribution, exoneration, subrogation, and
   marshaling. Bispham.

   3.  The  operation  of  bringing  all the parts of an instrument, as a
   microscope  or telescope, into their proper relative position for use;
   the condition of being thus adjusted; as, to get a good adjustment; to
   be  in  or  out  of adjustment. Syn. -- Suiting; fitting; arrangement;
   regulation; settlement; adaptation; disposition.

                                   Adjutage

   Ad"ju*tage (#), n. Same as Ajutage.

                                   Adjutancy

   Ad"ju*tan*cy (#), n. [See Adjutant.]

   1. The office of an adjutant.

   2. Skillful arrangement in aid; assistance.

     It was, no doubt, disposed with all the adjutancy of definition and
     division. Burke.

                                   Adjutant

   Ad"ju*tant (#), n. [L. adjutans, p. pr. of adjutare to help. See Aid.]

   1. A helper; an assistant.

   2.  (Mil.)  A  regimental  staff  officer, who assists the colonel, or
   commanding  officer  of  a  garrison  or  regiment,  in the details of
   regimental and garrison duty.
   Adjutant  general  (a) (Mil.), the principal staff officer of an army,
   through whom the commanding general receives communications and issues
   military orders. In the U. S. army he is brigadier general. (b) (Among
   the  Jesuits), one of a select number of fathers, who resided with the
   general  of the order, each of whom had a province or country assigned
   to his care.

   3. (Zo\'94l.) A species of very large stork (Ciconia argala), a native
   of  India;  --  called also the gigantic crane, and by the native name
   argala. It is noted for its serpent-destroying habits.

                                   Adjutator

   Ad"ju*ta`tor (#), n. (Eng. Hist.) A corruption of Agitator.

                                    Adjute

   Ad*jute"  (#),  v. t. [F. ajouter; confused with L. adjutare.] To add.
   [Obs.]

                                    Adjutor

   Ad*ju"tor  (#), n. [L., fr. adjuvare. See Aid.] A helper or assistant.
   [Archaic] Drayton.

                                   Adjutory

   Ad*ju"to*ry  (#),  a.  [L.  adjutorius.]  Serving  to  help or assist;
   helping. [Obs.]

                                   Adjutrix

   Ad*ju"trix  (#),  n.  [L.  See Adjutor.] A female helper or assistant.
   [R.]

                                   Adjuvant

   Ad"ju*vant  (#),  a.  [L.  adjuvans, p. pr. of adjuvare to aid: cf. F.
   adjuvant.  See  Aid.]  Helping;  helpful;  assisting.  [R.]  "Adjuvant
   causes." Howell.

                                   Adjuvant

   Ad"ju*vant, n.

   1. An assistant. [R.] Yelverton.

   2. (Med.) An ingredient, in a prescription, which aids or modifies the
   action of the principal ingredient.

                                  Adlegation

   Ad`le*ga"tion  (#),  n.  [L. adlegatio, allegatio, a sending away; fr.
   adlegare,  allegare,  to send away with a commission; ad in addition +
   legare  to  send  as  ambassador.  Cf.  Allegation.]  A right formerly
   claimed  by  the  states  of  the  German  Empire of joining their own
   ministers   with   those   of  the  emperor  in  public  treaties  and
   negotiations to the common interest of the empire. Encyc. Brit.

                                  Ad libitum

   Ad lib"i*tum (#). At one's pleasure; as one wishes.

                                  Adlocution

   Ad`lo*cu"tion (#), n. See Allocution. [Obs.]

                                  Admarginate

   Ad*mar"gin*ate  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref.  ad-  +  margin.] To write in the
   margin. [R.] Coleridge.

                                  Admaxillary

   Ad*max"il*la*ry  (#),  a. [Pref. ad- + maxillary.] (Anat.) Near to the
   maxilla or jawbone.

                                   Admeasure

   Ad*meas"ure  (?;  135),  v. t. [Cf. OF. amesurer, LL. admensurare. See
   Measure.]

   1. To measure.

   2.   (Law)   To   determine   the  proper  share  of,  or  the  proper
   apportionment; as, to admeasure dower; to admeasure common of pasture.
   Blackstone.

   2. The measure of a thing; dimensions; size.

   3.  (Law)  Formerly, the adjustment of proportion, or ascertainment of
   shares,  as  of  dower  or pasture held in common. This was by writ of
   admeasurement, directed to the sheriff.

                                  Admeasurer

   Ad*meas"ur*er (#), n. One who admeasures.

                                 Admensuration

   Ad*men`su*ra"tion  (#),  n.  [LL.  admensuratio;  L. ad + mensurare to
   measure. See Mensuration.] Same as Admeasurement.

                                   Adminicle

   Ad*min"i*cle  (#), n. [L. adminculum support, orig., that on which the
   hand rests; ad + manus hand + dim. ending -culym.]

   1. Help or support; an auxiliary. Grote.

   2. (Law) Corroborative or explanatory proof.

     NOTE: In Sc ots law, any writing tending to establish the existence
     or terms of a lost deed. Bell.

                                  Adminicular

   Ad`mi*nic"u*lar  (#),  a.  Supplying  help;  auxiliary; corroborative;
   explanatory; as, adminicular evidence. H. Spencer.

                                 Adminiculary

   Ad`mi*nic"u*la*ry (#), a. Adminicular.

                                  Administer

   Ad*min"is*ter  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Administered (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n. Administering.] [OE. aministren, OF. aministrer, F. administer, fr.
   L. administrare; ad + ministrare to serve. See Minister.]

   1.  To  manage or conduct, as public affairs; to direct or superintend
   the  execution,  application,  or  conduct  of;  as, to administer the
   government or the state.

     For  forms  of  government  let  fools  contest:  Whate'er  is best
     administered is best. Pope.

   2.  To  dispense;  to serve out; to supply; execute; as, to administer
   relief, to administer the sacrament.

     [Let zephyrs] administer their tepid, genial airs. Philips.

     Justice  was  administered  with an exactness and purity not before
     known. Macaulay.

   3.  To apply, as medicine or a remedy; to give, as a dose or something
   beneficial or suitable. Extended to a blow, a reproof, etc.

     A noxious drug had been administered to him. Macaulay.

   4. To tender, as an oath.

     Swear . . . to keep the oath that we administer. Shak.

   5.  (Law)  To settle, as the estate of one who dies without a will, or
   whose will fails of an executor. Syn. -- To manage; conduct; minister;
   supply; dispense; give out; distribute; furnish.

                                  Administer

   Ad*min"is*ter, v. i.

   1. To contribute; to bring aid or supplies; to conduce; to minister.

     A  fountain . . . administers to the pleasure as well as the plenty
     of the place. Spectator.

   2.  (Law)  To  perform the office of administrator; to act officially;
   as, A administers upon the estate of B.

                                  Administer

   Ad*min"is*ter, n. Administrator. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                 Administerial

   Ad*min`is*te"ri*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to administration, or to the
   executive part of government.

                                 Administrable

   Ad*min"is*tra*ble  (#),  a.  Capable  of  being  administered;  as, an
   administrable law.

                                 Administrant

   Ad*min"is*trant  (#),  a. [F., p. pr. of administrer. See Administer.]
   Executive; acting; managing affairs. -- n. One who administers.

                                 Administrate

   Ad*min"is*trate  (#), v. t. [L. administratus, p. p. of administrare.]
   To administer. [R.] Milman.

                                Administration

   Ad*min`is*tra"tion    (?;    277),   n.   [OE.   administracioun,   L.
   administratio: cf. F. administration.]

   1. The act of administering; government of public affairs; the service
   rendered,  or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the conducting of
   any office or employment; direction; management.

     His  financial  administration  was  of  a  piece with his military
     administration. Macaulay.

   2.  The executive part of government; the persons collectively who are
   intrusted with the execution of laws and the superintendence of public
   affairs;  the  chief  magistrate  and  his  cabinet or council; or the
   council, or ministry, alone, as in Great Britain.

     A mild and popular administration. Macaulay.

     The administration has been opposed in parliament. Johnson.

   3.  The  act  of  administering,  or  tendering  something to another;
   dispensation;  as,  the  administration  of a medicine, of an oath, of
   justice, or of the sacrament.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 23

   4.  (Law)  (a)  The management and disposal, under legal authority, of
   the  estate  of  an  intestate,  or  of a testator having no competent
   executor.  (b)  The management of an estate of a deceased person by an
   executor, the strictly corresponding term execution not being in use.
   Administration with the will annexed, administration granted where the
   testator  has  appointed  no  executor, or where his appointment of an
   executor  for any cause has failed, as by death, incompetency, refusal
   to  act,  etc.  Syn.  --  Conduct;  management; direction; regulation;
   execution; dispensation; distribution.

                                Administrative

   Ad*min"is*tra`tive (#), a. [L. administrativus: cf. F. administratif.]
   Pertaining   to   administration;  administering;  executive;  as,  an
   administrative  body,  ability,  or  energy. -- Ad*min"is*tra`tive*ly,
   adv.

                                 Administrator

   Ad*min`is*tra"tor (#), n. [L.]

   1. One who administers affairs; one who directs, manages, executes, or
   dispenses,  whether  in  civil, judicial, political, or ecclesiastical
   affairs; a manager.

   2.  (Law)  A man who manages or settles the estate of an intestate, or
   of  a  testator  when  there is no competent executor; one to whom the
   right of administration has been committed by competent authority.

                               Administratorship

   Ad*min`is*tra"tor*ship, n. The position or office of an administrator.

                                Administratrix

   Ad*min`is*tra"trix  (#),  n.  [NL.] A woman who administers; esp., one
   who  administers  the  estate  of  an intestate, or to whom letters of
   administration have been granted; a female administrator.

                                 Admirability

   Ad`mi*ra*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  [L.  admirabilitac.]  Admirableness. [R.]
   Johnson.

                                   Admirable

   Ad"mi*ra*ble (#), a. [L. admirabilis: cf. F. admirable.]

   1. Fitted to excite wonder; wonderful; marvelous. [Obs.]

     In  man  there is nothing admirable but his ignorance and weakness.
     Jer. Taylor.

   2.   Having  qualities  to  excite  wonder  united  with  approbation;
   deserving  the  highest  praise; most excellent; -- used of persons or
   things.  "An admirable machine." "Admirable fortitude." Macaulay. Syn.
   --    Wonderful;   marvelous;   surprising;   excellent;   delightful;
   praiseworthy.

                                 Admirableness

   Ad"mi*ra*ble*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  admirable;  wonderful
   excellence.

                                   Admirably

   Ad"mi*ra*bly, adv. In an admirable manner.

                                    Admiral

   Ad"mi*ral (#), n. [OE. amiral, admiral, OF. amiral, ultimately fr. Ar.
   am\'c6r-al-bahr  commander of the sea; Ar. am\'c6r is commander, al is
   the  Ar. article, and am\'c6r-al, heard in different titles, was taken
   as  one  word.  Early  forms  of  the  word  show  confusion  with  L.
   admirabilis admirable, fr. admirari to admire. It is said to have been
   introduced  into  Europe  by  the Genoese or Venetians, in the 12th or
   13th century. Cf. Ameer, Emir.]

   1.  A naval officer of the highest rank; a naval officer of high rank,
   of  which there are different grades. The chief gradations in rank are
   admiral,  vice admiral, and rear admiral. The admiral is the commander
   in chief of a fleet or of fleets.

   2.  The  ship  which  carries the admiral; also, the most considerable
   ship of a fleet.

     Like  some mighty admiral, dark and terrible, bearing down upon his
     antagonist  with  all his canvas straining to the wind, and all his
     thunders roaring from his broadsides. E. Everett.

   3.  (Zo\'94l.)  A handsome butterfly (Pyrameis Atalanta) of Europe and
   America. The larva feeds on nettles.
   Admiral shell (Zo\'94l.), the popular name of an ornamental cone shell
   (Conus  admiralis).  Lord  High Admiral, a great officer of state, who
   (when  this  rare  dignity  is  conferred) is at the head of the naval
   administration of Great Britain.

                                  Admiralship

   Ad"mi*ral*ship,  n.  The  office or position oaf an admiral; also, the
   naval skill of an admiral.

                                   Admiralty

   Ad"mi*ral*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Admiralties (#). [F. amiraut\'82, for an
   older  amiralt\'82,  office  of  admiral,  fr.  LL.  admiralitas.  See
   Admiral.]

   1. The office or jurisdiction of an admiral. Prescott.

   2.  The  department  or  officers  having authority over naval affairs
   generally.

   3.  The  court  which  has  jurisdiction  of  maritime  questions  and
   offenses.

     NOTE: &hand; In England, admiralty jurisdiction was formerly vested
     in the High Court of Admiralty, which was held before the Lord High
     Admiral,  or  his  deputy,  styled  the Judge of the Admiralty; but
     admiralty  jurisdiction  is now vested in the probate, divorce, and
     admiralty  division  of  the High Justice. In America, there are no
     admiralty  courts  distinct from others, but admiralty jurisdiction
     is  vested  in the district courts of the United States, subject to
     revision  by the circuit courts and the Supreme Court of the United
     States.   Admiralty   jurisprudence   has  cognizance  of  maritime
     contracts  and  torts,  collisions  at  sea, cases of prize in war,
     etc.,  and  in  America, admiralty jurisdiction is extended to such
     matters, arising out of the navigation of any of the public waters,
     as the Great Lakes and rivers.

   4. The system of jurisprudence of admiralty courts.

   5.  The  building  in  which  the  lords of the admiralty, in England,
   transact business.

                                   Admirance

   Ad*mir"ance (#), n. [Cf. OF. admirance.] Admiration. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                  Admiration

   Ad`mi*ra"tion (#), n. [F., fr. L. admiratio. See Admire.]

   1. Wonder; astonishment. [Obs.]

     Season your admiration for a while. Shak.

   2. Wonder mingled with approbation or delight; an emotion excited by a
   person  or  thing  possessed  of  wonderful  or  high  excellence; as,
   admiration of a beautiful woman, of a landscape, of virtue.

   3.  Cause  of  admiration;  something  to  excite  wonder,  or pleased
   surprise; a prodigy.

     Now, good Lafeu, bring in the admiration. Shak.

   Note  of admiration, the mark (!), called also exclamation point. Syn.
   -- Wonder; approval; appreciation; adoration; reverence; worship.

                                  Admirative

   Ad*mir"a*tive  (#), a. Relating to or expressing admiration or wonder.
   [R.] Earle.

                                    Admire

   Ad*mire"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Admired (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Admiring  (#).]  [F.  admirer, fr. L. admirari; ad + mirari to wonder,
   for smirari, akin to Gr. smi, and E. smile.]

   1.  To  regard  with wonder or astonishment; to view with surprise; to
   marvel at. [Archaic]

     Examples rather to be admired than imitated. Fuller.

   2.  To  regard  with wonder and delight; to look upon with an elevated
   feeling of pleasure, as something which calls out approbation, esteem,
   love,  or  reverence;  to  estimate  or  prize highly; as, to admire a
   person of high moral worth, to admire a landscape.

     Admired as heroes and as gods obeyed. Pope.

     NOTE: &hand; Ad mire fo llowed by  th e in finitive is  obsolete or
     colloquial; as, I admire to see a man consistent in his conduct.

   Syn. -- To esteem; approve; delight in.

                                    Admire

   Ad*mire",  v. i.To wonder; to marvel; to be affected with surprise; --
   sometimes with at.

     To wonder at Pharaoh, and even admire at myself. Fuller.

                                    Admired

   Ad*mired" (#), a.

   1.  Regarded  with  wonder  and delight; highly prized; as, an admired
   poem.

   2.  Wonderful;  also,  admirable. [Obs.] "Admired disorder." " Admired
   Miranda." Shak.

                                    Admirer

   Ad*mir"er  (#),  n. One who admires; one who esteems or loves greatly.
   Cowper.

                                   Admiring

   Ad*mir"ing,  a.  Expressing  admiration;  as,  an  admiring glance. --
   Ad*mir"ing*ly, adv. Shak.

                                 Admissibility

   Ad*mis`si*bil"i*ty  (#),  n. [Cf. F. admissibilit\'82.] The quality of
   being admissible; admissibleness; as, the admissibility of evidence.

                                  Admissible

   Ad*mis"si*ble  (#),  a.  [F. admissible, LL. admissibilis. See Admit.]
   Entitled  to  be  admitted,  or  worthy of being admitted; that may be
   allowed   or  conceded;  allowable;  as,  the  supposition  is  hardly
   admissible. -- Ad*mis"si*ble*ness, n. -- Ad*mis"si*bly, adv.

                                   Admission

   Ad*mis"sion (#), n. [L. admissio: cf. F. admission. See Admit.]

   1. The act or practice of admitting.

   2.  Power  or permission to enter; admittance; entrance; access; power
   to approach.

     What numbers groan for sad admission there! Young.

   3.  The  granting of an argument or position not fully proved; the act
   of acknowledging something

     The too easy admission of doctrines. Macaulay.

   4.  (Law)  Acquiescence or concurrence in a statement made by another,
   and distinguishable from a confession in that an admission presupposes
   prior  inquiry  by  another, but a confession may be made without such
   inquiry.

   5.  A  fact,  point,  or statement admitted; as, admission made out of
   court are received in evidence.

   6.  (Eng. Eccl. Law) Declaration of the bishop that he approves of the
   presentee  as a fit person to serve the cure of the church to which he
   is presented. Shipley. Syn. -- Admittance; concession; acknowledgment;
   concurrence; allowance. See Admittance.

                                   Admissive

   Ad*mis"sive (#), a.Implying an admission; tending to admit. [R.] Lamb.

                                   Admissory

   Ad*mis"so*ry (#), a. Pertaining to admission.

                                     Admit

   Ad*mit" (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Admitting.]
   [OE.  amitten,  L.  admittere,  admissum; ad + mittere to send: cf. F.
   admettre, OF. admettre, OF. ametre. See Missile.]

   1.  To  suffer  to  enter; to grant entrance, whether into a place, or
   into  the  mind,  or consideration; to receive; to take; as, they were
   into  his  house;  to  admit a serious thought into the mind; to admit
   evidence in the trial of a cause.

   2. To give a right of entrance; as, a ticket one into a playhouse.

   3.  To  allow  (one) to enter on an office or to enjoy a privilege; to
   recognize  as  qualified  for a franchise; as, to admit an attorney to
   practice law; the prisoner was admitted to bail.

   4.  To  concede as true; to acknowledge or assent to, as an allegation
   which it is impossible to deny; to own or confess; as, the argument or
   fact is admitted; he admitted his guilt.

   5.  To  be  capable  of;  to permit; as, the words do not admit such a
   construction.  In this sense, of may be used after the verb, or may be
   omitted.

     Both  Houses  declared  that they could admit of no treaty with the
     king. Hume.

                                  Admittable

   Ad*mit"ta*ble (#), a. Admissible. Sir T. Browne.

                                  Admittance

   Ad*mit"tance (#), n.

   1. The act of admitting.

   2.  Permission  to enter; the power or right of entrance; also, actual
   entrance; reception.

     To gain admittance into the house. South.

     He desires admittance to the king. Dryden.

     To give admittance to a thought of fear. Shak.

   3.   Concession;  admission;  allowance;  as,  the  admittance  of  an
   argument. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

   4. Admissibility. [Obs.] Shak.

   5.  (Eng.  Law)  The  act  of  giving possession of a copyhold estate.
   Bouvier.   Syn.   --   Admission;  access;  entrance;  initiation.  --
   Admittance,  Admission. These words are, to some extent, in a state of
   transition  and  change.  Admittance  is  now  chiefly confined to its
   primary sense of access into some locality or building. Thus we see on
   the  doors of factories, shops, etc. "No admittance." Its secondary or
   moral  sense,  as  "admittance to the church," is almost entirely laid
   aside.  Admission  has  taken  to  itself  the secondary or figurative
   senses;  as,  admission to the rights of citizenship; admission to the
   church;  the  admissions  made by one of the parties in a dispute. And
   even  when  used  in  its  primary  sense,  it  is  not identical with
   admittance. Thus, we speak of admission into a country, territory, and
   other larger localities, etc., where admittance could not be used. So,
   when  we speak of admission to a concert or other public assembly, the
   meaning is not perhaps exactly that of admittance, viz., access within
   the  walls  of the building, but rather a reception into the audience,
   or  access  to  the performances. But the lines of distinction on this
   subject are one definitely drawn.

                                  Admittatur

   Ad`mit*ta"tur  (#),  n.  [L., let him be admitted.] The certificate of
   admission given in some American colleges.

      Admitted, a. Received as true or valid; acknowledged. -- Admittedly

   Ad*mit"ted  (#),  a.  Received  as  true  or  valid;  acknowledged. --
   Ad*mit"ted*ly adv. Confessedly.

                                   Admitter

   Ad*mit"ter (#), n. One who admits.

                                     Admix

   Ad*mix"  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref.  ad-  +  mix:  cf. L. admixtus, p. p. of
   admiscere. See Mix.] To mingle with something else; to mix. [R.]

                                   Admixtion

   Ad*mix"tion  (?;  106),  n.  [L.  admixtio.]  A  mingling of different
   things; admixture. Glanvill.

                                   Admixture

   Ad*mix"ture  (?;  135),  n.  [L.  admiscere,  admixtum, to admix; ad +
   miscere to mix. See Mix.]

   1. The act of mixing; mixture.

   2. The compound formed by mixing different substances together.

   3. That which is mixed with anything.

                                   Admonish

   Ad*mon"ish  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Admonished (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Admonishing.]  [OE.  amonesten,  OF.  amonester,  F. admonester, fr. a
   supposed  LL.  admonesstrare,  fr.  L.  admonere to remind, warn; ad +
   monere to warn. See Monition.]

   1.  To  warn  or  notify  of a fault; to reprove gently or kindly, but
   seriously; to exhort. "Admonish him as a brother." 2 Thess. iii. 15.

   2.  To  counsel  against wrong practices; to cation or advise; to warn
   against  danger  or  an  offense;  --  followed  by  of, against, or a
   subordinate clause.

     Admonishing one another in psalms and hymns. Col. iii. 16.

     I  warned  thee,  I  admonished  thee, foretold The danger, and the
     lurking enemy. Milton.

   3. To instruct or direct; to inform; to notify.

     Moses  was  admonished  of  God,  when  he  was  about  to make the
     tabernacle. Heb. viii. 5.

                                  Admonisher

   Ad*mon"ish*er (#), n. One who admonishes.

                                 Admonishment

   Ad*mon"ish*ment   (#),   n.  [Cf.  OF.  amonestement,  admonestement.]
   Admonition. [R.] Shak.

                                  Admonition

   Ad`mo*ni"tion  (#),  n. [OE. amonicioun, OF. amonition, F. admonition,
   fr.  L.  admonitio,  fr.  admonere.  See Admonish.] Gentle or friendly
   reproof;   counseling   against   a  fault  or  error;  expression  of
   authoritative advice; friendly caution or warning. Syn. -- Admonition,
   Reprehension, Reproof. Admonition is prospective, and relates to moral
   delinquencies;   its  object  is  to  prevent  further  transgression.
   Reprehension  and  reproof  are retrospective, the former being milder
   than  the  latter.  A  person  of  any age or station may be liable to
   reprehension  in  case  of  wrong conduct; but reproof is the act of a
   superior.  It  is  authoritative fault-finding or censure addressed to
   children or to inferiors.

                                 Admonitioner

   Ad`mo*ni"tion*er (#), n. Admonisher. [Obs.]

                                  Admonitive

   Ad*mon"i*tive  (#),  a.  Admonitory. [R.] Barrow. -- Ad*mon"i*tive*ly,
   adv.

                                   Admonitor

   Ad*mon"i*tor (#), n. [L.] Admonisher; monitor.

     Conscience  is at most times a very faithful and prudent admonitor.
     Shenstone.

                                 Admonitorial

   Ad*mon`i*to"ri*al  (#),  a.  Admonitory.  [R.] "An admonitorial tone."
   Dickens.

                                  Admonitory

   Ad*mon"i*to*ry  (#),  a.  [LL. admonitorius.] That conveys admonition;
   warning  or reproving; as, an admonitory glance. -- Ad*mon"i*to*ri*ly,
   (#), adv.

                                  Admonitrix

   Ad*mon"i*trix (#), n. [L.] A female admonitor.

                                 Admortization

   Ad*mor`ti*za"tion  (#), n. [LL. admortizatio. Cf. Amortization.] (Law)
   The reducing or lands or tenements to mortmain. See Mortmain.

                                    Admove

   Ad*move"  (#), v. t. [L. admovere. See Move.] To move or conduct to or
   toward. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                   Adnascent

   Ad*nas"cent  (#),  a.  [L.  adnascens,  p.  pr. of adnasci to be born,
   grow.] Growing to or on something else. "An adnascent plant." Evelyn.

                                    Adnate

   Ad"nate  (#), a. [L. adnatus, p. p. of adnasci. See Adnascent, and cf.
   Agnate.]

   1. (Physiol.) Grown to congenitally.

   2. (Bot.) Growing together; -- said only of organic cohesion of unlike
   parts.

     An anther is adnate when fixed by its whole length to the filament.
     Gray.

   3.  (Zo\'94l.)  Growing  with  one  side adherent to a stem; -- a term
   applied to the lateral zooids of corals and other compound animals.

                                   Adnation

   Ad*na"tion (#), n. (Bot.) The adhesion or cohesion of different floral
   verticils or sets of organs.

                                   Adnominal

   Ad*nom"i*nal  (#),  a.  [L. ad + nomen noun.] (Gram.) Pertaining to an
   adnoun;  adjectival;  attached  to  a noun. Gibbs. -- Ad*nom"i*nal*ly,
   adv.

                                    Adnoun

   Ad"noun`  (#),  n.  [Pref.  ad-  +  noun.]  (Gram.)  An  adjective, or
   attribute. [R.] Coleridge.

                                  Adnubilated

   Ad*nu"bi*la`ted  (#),  a.  [L.  adnubilatus,  p.  p.  of  adnubilare.]
   Clouded; obscured. [R.]

                                      Ado

   A*do"  (#),  (1)  v. inf., (2) n. [OE. at do, northern form for to do.
   Cf. Affair.]

   1.  To  do;  in  doing;  as,  there is nothing. "What is here ado?" J.
   Newton.

   2. Doing; trouble; difficulty; troublesome business; fuss; bustle; as,
   to make a great ado about trifles.

     With much ado, he partly kept awake. Dryden.

     Let's follow to see the end of this ado. Shak.

                                     Adobe

   A*do"be  (#), n. [Sp.] An unburnt brick dried in the sun; also used as
   an adjective, as, an adobe house, in Texas or New Mexico.

                                  Adolescence

   Ad`o*les"cence  (#),  n.  [Fr.,  fr.  L.  adolescentia.]  The state of
   growing  up  from  childhood  to  manhood  or womanhood; youth, or the
   period  of  life between puberty and maturity, generally considered to
   be,  in the male sex, from fourteen to twenty-one. Sometimes used with
   reference to the lower animals.

                                  Adolescency

   Ad`o*les"cen*cy (#), n. The quality of being adolescent; youthfulness.
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   Page 24

                                  Adolescent

   Ad`o*les"cent  (#), a. [L. adolescens, p. pr. of adolescere to grow up
   to;  ad  +  the  inchoative  olescere  to grow: cf. F. adolescent. See
   Adult.] Growing; advancing from childhood to maturity.

     Schools,   unless  discipline  were  doubly  strong,  Detain  their
     adolescent charge too long. Cowper.

                                  Adolescent

   Ad`o*les"cent, n. A youth.

                                    Adonean

   Ad`o*ne"an  (#),  a.  [L.  Adon.]  Pertaining to Adonis; Adonic. "Fair
   Adonean Venus." Faber.

                                    Adonic

   A*don"ic  (#),  a.  [F. adonique: cf. L. Adonius.] Relating to Adonis,
   famed  for  his  beauty.  -- n. An Adonic verse. Adonic verse, a verse
   consisting of a dactyl and spondee (#).

                                    Adonis

   A*do"nis (#), n. [L., gr. Gr.

   1.  (Gr. Myth.) A youth beloved by Venus for his beauty. He was killed
   in the chase by a wild boar.

   2. A pre\'89minently beautiful young man; a dandy.

   3.  (Bot.) A genus of plants of the family Ranunculace\'91, containing
   the  pheasaut's  eye  (Adonis autumnalis); -- named from Adonis, whose
   blood was fabled to have stained the flower.

                                    Adonist

   A*do"nist  (#),  n.  [Heb. my Lords.] One who maintains that points of
   the  Hebrew  word  translated "Jehovah" are really the vowel points of
   the word "Adonai." See Jehovist.

                                    Adonize

   Ad"o*nize  (#),  v.  t. [Cf. F. adoniser, fr. Adonis.] To beautify; to
   dandify.

     I  employed  three  good  hours at least in adjusting and adonozing
     myself. Smollett.

                                 Adoor, Adoors

   A*door  (#),  A*doors  (#),At  the  door; of the door; as, out adoors.
   Shak.

     I took him in adoors. Vicar's Virgil (1630).

                                     Adopt

   A*dopt"  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adopted; p. pr. & vb. n. Adopting.]
   [L.  adoptare;  ad  +  optare  to  choose, desire: cf. F. adopter. See
   Option.]

   1.  To  take  by  choice  into  relationship, as, child, heir, friend,
   citizen, etc. ; esp. to take voluntarily (a child of other parents) to
   be in the place of, or as, one's own child.

   2. To take or receive as one's own what is not so naturally; to select
   and take or approve; as, to adopt the view or policy of another; these
   resolutions were adopted.

                                   Adoptable

   A*dopt"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being adopted.

                                    Adopted

   A*dopt"ed  (#),  a.  Taken  by adoption; taken up as one's own; as, an
   adopted son, citizen, country, word. -- A*dopt"ed*ly, adv.

                                    Adopter

   A*dopt"er (#), n.

   1. One who adopts.

   2.  (Chem.) A receiver, with two necks, opposite to each other, one of
   which  admits the neck of a retort, and the other is joined to another
   receiver.  It  is used in distillations, to give more space to elastic
   vapors,  to  increase  the length of the neck of a retort, or to unite
   two  vessels  whose  openings  have different diameters. [Written also
   adapter.]

                                   Adoption

   A*dop"tion  (#),  n.  [L. adoptio, allied to adoptare to adopt: cf. F.
   adoption.]

   1.  The  act  of  adopting,  or  state  of  being  adopted;  voluntary
   acceptance  of  a  child  of other parents to be the same as one's own
   child.

   2.  Admission to a more intimate relation; reception; as, the adoption
   of  persons  into  hospitals  or  monasteries,  or of one society into
   another.

   3.  The  choosing and making that to be one's own which originally was
   not so; acceptance; as, the adoption of opinions. Jer. Taylor.

                                  Adoptionist

   A*dop"tion*ist,  n.  (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect which maintained that
   Christ was the Son of God not by nature but by adoption.

                                   Adoptious

   A*dop"tious (#), a. Adopted. [Obs.]

                                   Adoptive

   A*dopt"ive  (#),  a.  [L.  adoptivus:  cf.  F. adoptif.] Pertaining to
   adoption;  made  or  acquired  by  adoption;  fitted  to adopt; as, an
   adoptive  father,  an  child;  an adoptive language. -- A*dopt"ive*ly,
   adv.

                                  Adorability

   A*dor`a*bil"i*ty (#), n. Adorableness.

                                   Adorable

   A*dor"a*ble (#), a. [L. adorabilis, fr. adorare: cf. F. adorable.]

   1. Deserving to be adored; worthy of divine honors.

     The adorable Author of Christianity. Cheyne.

   2. Worthy of the utmost love or respect.

                                 Adorableness

   A*dor"a*ble*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  adorable, or worthy of
   adoration. Johnson.

                                   Adorably

   A*dor"a*bly, adv. In an adorable manner.

                                   Adoration

   Ad`o*ra"tion (#), n. [L. adoratio, fr. adorare: cf. F. adoration.]

   1.  The  act  of  playing honor to a divine being; the worship paid to
   God; the act of addressing as a god.

     The  more  immediate  objects  of  popular  adoration  amongst  the
     heathens were deified human beings. Farmer.

   2.  Homage  paid  to  one in high esteem; profound veneration; intense
   regard and love; fervent devotion.

   3.  A  method  of electing a pope by the expression of homage from two
   thirds of the conclave.

     [Pole] might have been chosen on the spot by adoration. Froude.

                                     Adore

   A*dore"  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adored (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Adoring
   (#).]  [OE. aouren, anouren, adoren, OF. aorer, adorer, F. adorer, fr.
   L.  adorare;  ad  +  orare  to  speak,  pray,  os, oris, mouth. In OE.
   confused  with  honor, the French prefix a- being confused with OE. a,
   an, on. See Oral.]

   1.  To  worship  with  profound reverence; to pay divine honors to; to
   honor as deity or as divine.

     Bishops  and  priests,  .  .  .  bearing  the host, which he [James
     adored. Smollett.

   2. To love in the highest degree; to regard with the utmost esteem and
   affection; to idolize.

     The  great  mass  of  the  population  abhorred  Popery  and adored
     Montouth. Macaulay.

                                     Adore

   A*dore", v. t. To adorn. [Obs.]

     Congealed little drops which do the morn adore. Spenser.

                                   Adorement

   A*dore"ment  (#),  n.  The  act  of  adoring; adoration. [Obs.] Sir T.
   Browne.

                                    Adorer

   A*dor"er (#), n. One who adores; a worshiper; one who admires or loves
   greatly; an ardent admirer. "An adorer of truth." Clarendon.

     I profess myself her adorer, not her friend. Shak.

                                   Adoringly

   A*dor"ing*ly, adv. With adoration.

                                     Adorn

   A*dorn"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Adorned  (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adorning.]  [OE.  aournen,  anournen,  adornen,  OF.  aorner,  fr.  L.
   aaornare;  ad  +  ornare to furnish, embellish. See Adore, Ornate.] To
   deck  or  dress with ornaments; to embellish; to set off to advantage;
   to render pleasing or attractive.

     As a bride adorneth herself with her jewels. Isa. lxi. 10.

     At  church,  with  meek and unaffected grace, His looks adorned the
     venerable place. Goldsmith.

   Syn.  --  To  deck;  decorate;  embellish;  ornament; beautify; grace;
   dignify;  exalt; honor. -- To Adorn, Ornament, Decorate, Embellish. We
   decorate  and  ornament by putting on some adjunct which is attractive
   or beautiful, and which serves to heighten the general effect. Thus, a
   lady's  head-dress  may  be  ornament  or  decorated  with  flowers or
   jewelry;  a hall may be decorated or ornament with carving or gilding,
   with wreaths of flowers, or with hangings. Ornament is used in a wider
   sense  than  decorate. To embellish is to beautify or ornament richly,
   not  so  much  by  mere additions or details as by modifying the thing
   itself as a whole. It sometimes means gaudy and artificial decoration.
   We  embellish a book with rich engravings; a style is embellished with
   rich  and beautiful imagery; a shopkeeper embellishes his front window
   to  attract  attention. Adorn is sometimes identical with decorate, as
   when  we say, a lady was adorned with jewels. In other cases, it seems
   to  imply  something more. Thus, we speak of a gallery of paintings as
   adorned  with  the works of some of the great masters, or adorned with
   noble statuary and columns. Here decorated and ornamented would hardly
   be  appropriate. There is a value in these works of genius beyond mere
   show  and  ornament.  Adorn may be used of what is purely moral; as, a
   character  adorned  with every Christian grace. Here neither decorate,
   nor ornament, nor embellish is proper.

                                     Adorn

   A*dorn", n. Adornment. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                     Adorn

   A*dorn", a. Adorned; decorated. [Obs.] Milton.

                                  Adornation

   Ad`or*na"tion (#), n. Adornment. [Obs.]

                                    Adorner

   A*dorn"er (#), n. He who, or that which, adorns; a beautifier.

                                  Adorningly

   A*dorn"ing*ly, adv. By adorning; decoratively.

                                   Adornment

   A*dorn"ment  (#),  n. [Cf. OF. adornement. See Adorn.] An adorning; an
   ornament; a decoration.

                                 Adosculation

   Ad*os"cu*la"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  adosculari, adosculatum, to kiss. See
   Osculate.]   (Biol.)   Impregnation   by   external  contact,  without
   intromission.

                                     Adown

   A*down"  (#),  adv.  [OE.  adun,  adoun, adune. AS. of d\'d4ne off the
   hill.  See  Down.] From a higher to a lower situation; downward; down,
   to or on the ground. [Archaic] "Thrice did she sink adown." Spenser.

                                     Adown

   A*down", prep. Down. [Archaic & Poetic]

     Her hair adown her shoulders loosely lay displayed. Prior.

                                    Adpress

   Ad*press"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adpressus,  p.  p.  of  adprimere.]  See
   Appressed. -- Ad*pressed", (#), a.

                                     Adrad

   A*drad"  (#),  p.  a.  [P. p. of adread.] Put in dread; afraid. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                   Adragant

   Ad"ra*gant  (#),  n. [F., a corruption of tragacanth.] Gum tragacanth.
   Brande & C.

                                    Adread

   A*dread" (#), v. t. & i. [AS. andr\'91dan, ondr\'91; pref. a- (for and
   against)  +  dr\'91den  to  dread. See Dread.] To dread. [Obs.] Sir P.
   Sidney.

                                   Adreamed

   A*dreamed" (#), p. p. Visited by a dream; -- used in the phrase, To be
   adreamed, to dream. [Obs.]

                                    Adrenal

   Ad*re"nal (#), a. [Pref. ad- + renal.] (Anat.) Suprarenal.

                                    Adrian

   A"dri*an  (#),  a. [L. Hadrianus.] Pertaining to the Adriatic Sea; as,
   Adrian billows.

                                   Adriatic

   A`dri*at"ic  (#), a. [L. Adriaticus, Hadriaticus, fr. Adria or Hadria,
   a  town  of  the  Veneti.]  Of  or  pertaining  to a sea so named, the
   northwestern part of which is known as the Gulf of Venice.

                                    Adrift

   A*drift"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref.  a- (for on) + drift.] Floating at
   random;  in a drifting condition; at the mercy of wind and waves. Also
   fig.

     So on the sea shall be set adrift. Dryden.

     Were from their daily labor turned adrift. Wordsworth.

                                     Adrip

   A*drip"  (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- in + drip.] In a dripping state; as,
   leaves all adrip. D. G. Mitchell.

                                   Adrogate

   Ad"ro*gate  (#),  v.  t. [See Arrogate.] (Rom. Law) To adopt (a person
   who is his own master).

                                  Adrogation

   Ad`ro*ga"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  adrogatio,  arrogatio, fr. adrogare. See
   Arrogate.]  (Rom.  Law)  A  kind  of  adoption  in  ancient  Rome. See
   Arrogation.

                                    Adroit

   A*droit" (#), a. [F. adroit; \'85 (L. ad) = droit straight, right, fr.
   L.  directus,  p. p. of dirigere. See Direct.] Dexterous in the use of
   the hands or in the exercise of the mental faculties; exhibiting skill
   and  readiness  in  avoiding  danger  or escaping difficulty; ready in
   invention  or  execution;  --  applied  to persons and to acts; as, an
   adroit  mechanic,  an  adroit reply. "Adroit in the application of the
   telescope  and  quadrant."  Horsley.  "He  was  adroit  in  intrigue."
   Macaulay.  Syn.  --  Dexterous; skillful; expert; ready; clever; deft;
   ingenious; cunning; ready-witted.

                                   Adroitly

   A*droit"ly, adv. In an adroit manner.

                                  Adroitness

   A*droit"ness,  n.  The  quality  of being adroit; skill and readiness;
   dexterity.

     Adroitness was as requisite as courage. Motley.

   Syn. -- See Skill.

                                     Adry

   A*dry"  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  (for  on)  +  dry.]  In a dry or thirsty
   condition. "A man that is adry." Burton.

                                 Adscititious

   Ad`sci*ti"tious  (#), a. [L. adscitus, p. p. of adsciscere, asciscere,
   to  take  knowingly;  ad + sciscere to seek to know, approve, scire to
   know.]    Supplemental;    additional;    adventitious;   ascititious.
   "Adscititious evidence." Bowring. -- Ad`sci*ti"tious*ly, adv.

                                   Adscript

   Ad"script  (#),  a. [L. adscriptus, p. p. of adscribere to enroll. See
   Ascribe.]  Held  to service as attached to the soil; -- said of feudal
   serfs.

                                   Adscript

   Ad"script  (#),  n.  One  held  to service as attached to the glebe or
   estate; a feudal serf. Bancroft.

                                  Adscriptive

   Ad*scrip"tive  (#),  a.[L.  adscriptivus.  See  Adscript.] Attached or
   annexed to the glebe or estate and transferable with it. Brougham.

                                Adsignification

   Ad*sig`ni*fi*ca"tion (#), n. Additional signification. [R.] Tooke.

                                   Adsignify

   Ad*sig"ni*fy  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adsignificare  to  show.]  To  denote
   additionally. [R.] Tooke.

                                   Adstrict

   Ad*strict"  (#),  v.  t.  --  Ad*stric"tion,  (#)  n. See Astrict, and
   Astriction.

                                  Adstrictory

   Ad*stric"to*ry (#), a. See Astrictory.

                                  Adstringent

   Ad*strin"gent (#), a. See Astringent.

                                   Adularia

   Ad`u*la"ri*a  (#),  n.  [From  Adula,  a mountain peak in Switzerland,
   where  fine  specimens are found.] (Min.) A transparent or translucent
   variety  of  common  feldspar, or orthoclase, which often shows pearly
   opalescent reflections; -- called by lapidaries moonstone.

                                    Adulate

   Ad"u*late  (#), v. t. [L. adulatus, p. p. of adulari.] To flatter in a
   servile way. Byron.

                                   Adulation

   Ad`u*la"tion  (#),  n.  [F.  adulation,  fr. L. adulatio, fr. adulari,
   adulatum,  to  flatter.] Servile flattery; praise in excess, or beyond
   what is merited.

     Think'st  thou  the  fiery fever will go out With titles blown from
     adulation? Shak.

   Syn.  --  Sycophancy; cringing; fawning; obsequiousness; blandishment.
   --  Adulation,  Flattery,  Compliment.  Men deal in compliments from a
   desire to please; they use flattery either from undue admiration, or a
   wish  to  gratify vanity; they practice adulation from sordid motives,
   and  with  a mingled spirit of falsehood and hypocrisy. Compliment may
   be  a  sincere  expression  of  due  respect  and esteem, or it may be
   unmeaning;  flattery  is  apt  to  become  gross;  adulation is always
   servile, and usually fulsome.

                                   Adulator

   Ad"u*la`tor  (#), n. [L., fr. adulari: cf. F. adulateur.] A servile or
   hypocritical flatterer. Carlyle.

                                   Adulatory

   Ad"u*la*to*ry   (#),   a.   [L.  adulatorius,  fr.  adulari:  cf.  OF.
   adulatoire.]  Containing  excessive  praise  or  compliment; servilely
   praising; flattering; as, an adulatory address.

     A mere rant of adulatory freedom. Burke.

                                  Adulatress

   Ad"u*la`tress (#), n. A woman who flatters with servility.

                                     Adult

   A*dult"  (#),  a.  [L.  adultus, p. p. of adolescere, akin to alere to
   nourish:  cf.  F.  adulte.  See  Adolescent,  Old.]  Having arrived at
   maturity,  or  to full size and strength; matured; as, an adult person
   or plant; an adult ape; an adult age.

                                     Adult

   A*dult",  n.  A  person,  animal,  or  plant  grown  to  full size and
   strength; one who has reached maturity.

     NOTE: &hand; In the common law, the term is applied to a person who
     has attained full age or legal majority; in the civil law, to males
     after the age of fourteen, and to females after twelve.

                                    Adulter

   A*dul"ter  (#), v. i. [L. adulterare.] To commit adultery; to pollute.
   [Obs.] B. Jonson.

                                  Adulterant

   A*dul"ter*ant  (#),  n.  [L.  adulterans,  p. pr. of adulterare.] That
   which  is  used  to  adulterate  anything.  --  a.  Adulterating;  as,
   adulterant agents and processes.

                                  Adulterate

   A*dul"ter*ate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adulterated (#); p. pr. & vb. n
   Adulterating  (#).]  [L. adulteratus, p. p. of adulterare, fr. adulter
   adulterer,  prob.  fr.  ad  + alter other, properly one who approaches
   another on account of unlawful love. Cf. Advoutry.]

   1. To defile by adultery. [Obs.] Milton.

   2.  To corrupt, debase, or make impure by an admixture of a foreign or
   a baser substance; as, to adulterate food, drink, drugs, coin, etc.

     The  present  war  has  .  .  . adulterated our tongue with strange
     words. Spectator.

   Syn.   --   To   corrupt;   defile;   debase;   contaminate;  vitiate;
   sophisticate.

                                  Adulterate

   A*dul"ter*ate, v. i. To commit adultery. [Obs.]

                                  Adulterate

   A*dul"ter*ate (#), a.

   1. Tainted with adultery.

   2.  Debased  by  the  admixture  of  a foreign substance; adulterated;
   spurious. -- A*dul"ter*ate*ly, adv. -- A*dul"ter*ate*ness, n.

                                 Adulteration

   A*dul`ter*a"tion (#), n. [L. adulteratio.]

   1. The act of adulterating; corruption, or debasement (esp. of food or
   drink) by foreign mixture.

     The shameless adulteration of the coin. Prescott.

   2. An adulterated state or product.

                                  Adulterator

   A*dul"ter*a`tor  (#),  n.  [L.]  One who adulterates or corrupts. [R.]
   Cudworth.

                                   Adulterer

   A*dul"ter*er  (#), n. [Formed fr. the verb adulter, with the E. ending
   -er. See Advoutrer.]

   1.  A  man  who  commits  adultery;  a  married  man  who  has  sexual
   intercourse with a woman not his wife.

   2. (Script.) A man who violates his religious covenant. Jer. ix. 2.

                                  Adulteress

   A*dul"ter*ess (#), n. [Fem. from L. adulter. Cf. Advoutress.]

   1. A woman who commits adultery.

   2. (Script.) A woman who violates her religious engagements. James iv.
   4.

                                  Adulterine

   A*dul"ter*ine  (#),  a.[L.  adulterinus, fr. adulter.] Proceeding from
   adulterous  intercourse.  Hence: Spurious; without the support of law;
   illegal.

     When  any  particular class of artificers or traders thought proper
     to  act  as  a  corporation  without  a  charter,  such were called
     adulterine guilds. Adam Smith.

                                  Adulterine

   A*dul"ter*ine, n. An illegitimate child. [R.]

                                  Adulterize

   A*dul"ter*ize (#), v. i. To commit adultery. Milton.

                                  Adulterous

   A*dul"ter*ous (#), a.

   1.  Guilty of, or given to, adultery; pertaining to adultery; illicit.
   Dryden.

   2.  Characterized  by adulteration; spurious. "An adulterous mixture."
   [Obs.] Smollett.

                                 Adulterously

   A*dul"ter*ous*ly, adv. In an adulterous manner.

                                   Adultery

   A*dul"ter*y (#), n.; pl. Adulteries(#). [L. adulterium. See Advoutry.]

   1.  The unfaithfulness of a married person to the marriage bed; sexual
   intercourse  by a married man with another than his wife, or voluntary
   sexual intercourse by a married woman with another than her husband.
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   Page 25

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  adultery on the part of the married wrongdoer.
     The word has also been used to characterize the act of an unmarried
     participator,  the  other  being  married. In the United States the
     definition  varies  with  the  local statutes. Unlawful intercourse
     between  two  married  persons is sometimes called double adultery;
     between a married and an unmarried person, single adultery.

   2. Adulteration; corruption. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

   3.  (Script.) (a) Lewdness or unchastity of thought as well as act, as
   forbidden  by  the seventh commandment. (b) Faithlessness in religion.
   Jer. iii. 9.

   4. (Old Law) The fine and penalty imposed for the offense of adultery.

   5.  (Eccl.) The intrusion of a person into a bishopric during the life
   of the bishop.

   6. Injury; degradation; ruin. [Obs.]

     You  might  wrest  the  caduceus out of my hand to the adultery and
     spoil of nature. B. Jonson.

                                   Adultness

   A*dult"ness (#), n. The state of being adult.

                                   Adumbrant

   Ad*um"brant  (#),  a.  [L.  adumbrans,  p. pr. of adumbrare.] Giving a
   faint shadow, or slight resemblance; shadowing forth.

                                   Adumbrate

   Ad*um"brate  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adumbratus,  p.  p. of adumbrare; ad +
   umbrare to shade; umbra shadow.]

   1.  To give a faint shadow or slight representation of; to outline; to
   shadow forth.

     Both  in  the vastness and the richness of the visible universe the
     invisible God is adumbrated. L. Taylor.

   2. To overshadow; to shade.

                                  Adumbration

   Ad`um*bra"tion (#), n. [L. adumbratio.]

   1. The act of adumbrating, or shadowing forth.

   2.   A   faint   sketch;   an   outline;  an  imperfect  portrayal  or
   representation of a thing.

     Elegant adumbrations of sacred truth. Bp. Horsley.

   3. (Her.) The shadow or outlines of a figure.

                                  Adumbrative

   Ad*um"bra*tive (#), a. Faintly representing; typical. Carlyle.

                                   Adunation

   Ad`u*na"tion  (#),  n. [L. adunatio; ad + unus one.] A uniting; union.
   Jer. Taylor.

                                Adunc, Adunque

   A*dunc",  A*dunque"  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.)  Hooked; as, a parrot has an
   adunc bill.

                                   Aduncity

   A*dun"ci*ty  (#),  n. [L. aduncitas. See Aduncous.] Curvature inwards;
   hookedness.

     The aduncity of the beaks of hawks. Pope.

                                   Aduncous

   A*dun"cous  (#),  a.  [L.  aduncus;  ad  + uncus hooked, hook.] Curved
   inwards; hooked.

                                     Adure

   A*dure"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adurere;  ad + urere to burn.] To burn up.
   [Obs.] Bacon.

                                     Adust

   A*dust" (#), a. [L. adustus, p. p. of adurere: cf. F. aduste.]

   1. Inflamed or scorched; fiery. "The Libyan air adust." Milton.

   2. Looking as if or scorched; sunburnt.

     A tall, thin man, of an adust complexion. Sir W. Scott.

   3. (Med.) Having much heat in the constitution and little serum in the
   blood. [Obs.] Hence: Atrabilious; sallow; gloomy.

                                    Adusted

   A*dust"ed, a. Burnt; adust. [Obs.] Howell.

                                   Adustible

   A*dust"i*ble (#), a. That may be burnt. [Obs.]

                                   Adustion

   A*dus"tion  (?;  106),  n.  [L.  adustio, fr. adurere, adustum: cf. F.
   adustion.]

   1.  The act of burning, or heating to dryness; the state of being thus
   heated or dried. [Obs.] Harvey.

   2. (Surg.) Cauterization. Buchanan.

                                  Ad valorem

   Ad  va*lo"rem (#). [L., according to the value.] (Com.) A term used to
   denote  a  duty  or charge laid upon goods, at a certain rate per cent
   upon  their  value,  as stated in their invoice, -- in opposition to a
   specific  sum  upon a given quantity or number; as, an ad valorem duty
   of twenty per cent.

                                    Advance

   Ad*vance"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Advanced (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Advancing  (#)(#).] [OE. avancen, avauncen, F. avancer, fr. a supposed
   LL.  abantiare; ab + ante (F. avant) before. The spelling with d was a
   mistake, a- being supposed to be fr. L. ad. See Avaunt.]

   1.  To  bring forward; to move towards the van or front; to make to go
   on.

   2. To raise; to elevate. [Archaic]

     They . . . advanced their eyelids. Shak.

   3. To raise to a higher rank; to promote.

     Ahasueres  .  .  .  advanced  him,  and  set his seat above all the
     princes. Esther iii. 1.

   4.  To  accelerate  the growth or progress; to further; to forward; to
   help on; to aid; to heighten; as, to advance the ripening of fruit; to
   advance one's interests.

   5.  To  bring  to view or notice; to offer or propose; to show; as, to
   advance an argument.

     Some ne'er advance a judgment of their own. Pope.

   6. To make earlier, as an event or date; to hasten.

   7.  To  furnish, as money or other value, before it becomes due, or in
   aid  of  an  enterprise; to supply beforehand; as, a merchant advances
   money on a contract or on goods consigned to him.

   8.  To  raise  to a higher point; to enhance; to raise in rate; as, to
   advance the price of goods.

   9. To extol; to laud. [Obs.]

     Greatly advancing his gay chivalry. Spenser.

   Syn.  --  To  raise;  elevate;  exalt;  aggrandize; improve; heighten;
   accelerate; allege; adduce; assign.

                                    Advance

   Ad*vance", v. i.

   1. To move or go forward; to proceed; as, he advanced to greet me.

   2.  To  increase  or  make  progress in any respect; as, to advance in
   knowledge, in stature, in years, in price.

   3.  To  rise  in  rank,  office,  or  consequence;  to be preferred or
   promoted.

     Advanced to a level with ancient peers. Prescott.

                                    Advance

   Ad*vance", n. [Cf. F. avance, fr. avancer. See Advance, v.]

   1. The act of advancing or moving forward or upward; progress.

   2.  Improvement  or  progression,  physically,  mentally,  morally, or
   socially; as, an advance in health, knowledge, or religion; an advance
   in rank or office.

   3. An addition to the price; rise in price or value; as, an advance on
   the prime cost of goods.

   4. The first step towards the attainment of a result; approach made to
   gain  favor, to form an acquaintance, to adjust a difference, etc.; an
   overture; a tender; an offer; -- usually in the plural.

     [He] made the like advances to the dissenters. Swift.

   5.  A  furnishing  of  something  before an equivalent is received (as
   money  or  goods),  towards  a  capital  or stock, or on loan; payment
   beforehand; the money or goods thus furnished; money or value supplied
   beforehand.

     I shall, with pleasure, make the necessary advances. Jay.

     The  account was made up with intent to show what advances had been
     made. Kent.

   In  advance (a) In front; before. (b) Beforehand; before an equivalent
   is received. (c) In the state of having advanced money on account; as,
   A is advance to B a thousand dollars or pounds.
   
                                    Advance
                                       
   Ad*vance"  (#), a. Before in place, or beforehand in time; -- used for
   advanced;  as, an advance guard, or that before the main guard or body
   of  an  army;  advance payment, or that made before it is due; advance
   proofs,  advance  sheets,  pages  of a forthcoming volume, received in
   advance of the time of publication. 

                                   Advanced

   Ad*vanced" (#), a.

   1. In the van or front.

   2.  In  the  front or before others, as regards progress or ideas; as,
   advanced opinions, advanced thinkers.

   3. Far on in life or time.

     A  gentleman  advanced  in years, with a hard experience written in
     his wrinkles. Hawthorne.

   Advanced guard, a detachment of troops which precedes the march of the
   main body.

                                  Advancement

   Ad*vance"ment  (#), n. [OE. avancement, F. avancement. See Advance, v.
   t.]

   1.  The act of advancing, or the state of being advanced; progression;
   improvement;  furtherance; promotion to a higher place or dignity; as,
   the advancement of learning.

     In  heaven . . . every one (so well they love each other) rejoiceth
     and hath his part in each other's advancement. Sir T. More.

     True  religion  . . . proposes for its end the joint advancement of
     the virtue and happiness of the people. Horsley.

   2. An advance of money or value; payment in advance. See Advance, 5.

   3. (Law) Property given, usually by a parent to a child, in advance of
   a future distribution.

   4. Settlement on a wife, or jointure. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                   Advancer

   Ad*van"cer (#), n.

   1. One who advances; a promoter.

   2. A second branch of a buck's antler. Howell.

                                   Advancive

   Ad*van"cive (#), a. Tending to advance. [R.]

                                   Advantage

   Ad*van"tage (?; 61, 48), n. [OE. avantage, avauntage, F. avantage, fr.
   avant before. See Advance, and cf. Vantage.]

   1.  Any  condition,  circumstance, opportunity, or means, particularly
   favorable  to  success,  or to any desired end; benefit; as, the enemy
   had the advantage of a more elevated position.

     Give me advantage of some brief discourse. Shak.

     The advantages of a close alliance. Macaulay.

   2. Superiority; mastery; -- with of or over.

     Lest Satan should get an advantage of us. 2 Cor. ii. 11.

   3.  Superiority  of  state,  or  that  which  gives it; benefit; gain;
   profit; as, the advantage of a good constitution.

   4.  Interest  of  money;  increase; overplus (as the thirteenth in the
   baker's dozen). [Obs.]

     And with advantage means to pay thy love. Shak.

   Advantage  ground,  vantage  ground.  [R.]  Clarendon.  -- To have the
   advantage  of  (any one), to have a personal knowledge of one who does
   not  have  a  reciprocal  knowledge.  "You have the advantage of me; I
   don't  remember  ever  to  have  had  the honor." Sheridan. -- To take
   advantage  of, to profit by; (often used in a bad sense) to overreach,
   to  outwit.  Syn.  -- Advantage, Advantageous, Benefit, Beneficial. We
   speak  of  a  thing  as a benefit, or as beneficial, when it is simply
   productive  of  good;  as,  the  benefits  of  early  discipline;  the
   beneficial  effects of adversity. We speak of a thing as an advantage,
   or  as  advantageous, when it affords us the means of getting forward,
   and  places  us on a "vantage ground" for further effort. Hence, there
   is  a  difference  between  the  benefits  and the advantages of early
   education;  between  a  beneficial  and  an advantageous investment of
   money.

                                   Advantage

   Ad*van"tage,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Advantaged (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Advantaging  (#).]  [F. avantager, fr. avantage. See Advance.] To give
   an advantage to; to further; to promote; to benefit; to profit.

     The  truth  is,  the  archbishop's  own stiffness and averseness to
     comply  with  the court designs, advantaged his adversaries against
     him. Fuller.

     What  is  a  man  advantaged,  if he gain the whole world, and lose
     himself, or be cast away? Luke ix. 25.

   To advantage one's self of, to avail one's self of. [Obs.]

                                 Advantageable

   Ad*van"tage*a*ble (#), a. Advantageous. [Obs.]

                                 Advantageous

   Ad`van*ta"geous  (#),  a.  [F.  avantageux,  fr.  avantage.]  Being of
   advantage;   conferring   advantage;   gainful;   profitable;  useful;
   beneficial;  as,  an advantageous position; trade is advantageous to a
   nation.

     Advabtageous comparison with any other country. Prescott.

     You  see  . . . of what use a good reputation is, and how swift and
     advantageous a harbinger it is, wherever one goes. Chesterfield.

                                Advantageously

   Ad`van*ta"geous*ly, adv. Profitably; with advantage.

                               Advantageousness

   Ad`van*ta"geous*ness, n. Profitableness.

                                    Advene

   Ad*vene"  (#), v. i. [L. advenire; ad + venire to come: cf. F. avenir,
   advenir.  See Come.] To accede, or come (to); to be added to something
   or become a part of it, though not essential. [R.]

     Where no act of the will advenes as a coefficient. Coleridge.

                                   Advenient

   Ad*ven"ient  (#),  a. [L. adviens, p. pr.] Coming from outward causes;
   superadded. [Obs.]

                                    Advent

   Ad`vent  (#),  n.  [L. adventus, fr. advenire, adventum: cf. F. avent.
   See Advene.]

   1. (Eccl.) The period including the four Sundays before Christmas.
   Advent Sunday (Eccl.), the first Sunday in the season of Advent, being
   always  the  nearest  Sunday  to  the  feast  of St. Andrew (Now. 30).
   Shipley.

   2. The first or the expected second coming of Christ.

   3. Coming; any important arrival; approach.

     Death's dreadful advent. Young.

     Expecting still his advent home. Tennyson.

                                   Adventist

   Ad"vent*ist  (#),  n.  One  of  a  religious  body,  embracing several
   branches,  who  look  for  the proximate personal coming of Christ; --
   called also Second Adventists. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.

                                 Adventitious

   Ad`ven*ti"tious (#), a. [L. adventitius.]

   1.  Added  extrinsically;  not  essentially  inherent;  accidental  or
   causal; additional; supervenient; foreign.

     To  things of great dimensions, if we annex an adventitious idea of
     terror, they become without comparison greater. Burke.

   2.  (Nat.  Hist.)  Out  of the proper or usual place; as, adventitious
   buds or roots.

   3.  (Bot.)  Accidentally  or  sparingly  spontaneous  in  a country or
   district;  not  fully  naturalized;  adventive;  -- applied to foreign
   plants.

   4.  (Med.)  Acquired,  as diseases; accidental. -- Ad`ven*ti"tious*ly,
   adv. -- Ad`ven*ti"tious*ness, n.

                                   Adventive

   Ad*ven"tive (#), a.

   1. Accidental.

   2. (Bot.) Adventitious. Gray.

                                   Adventive

   Ad*ven"tive,  n.  A thing or person coming from without; an immigrant.
   [R.] Bacon.

                                   Adventual

   Ad*ven"tu*al (?; 135), a. Relating to the season of advent. Sanderson.

                                   Adventure

   Ad*ven"ture  (?;  135),  n. [OE. aventure, aunter, anter, F. aventure,
   fr.  LL. adventura, fr. L. advenire, adventum, to arrive, which in the
   Romance languages took the sense of "to happen, befall." See Advene.]

   1.  That  which  happens  without  design; chance; hazard; hap; hence,
   chance of danger or loss.

     Nay,  a  far less good to man it will be found, if she must, at all
     adventures, be fastened upon him individually. Milton.

   2. Risk; danger; peril. [Obs.]

     He was in great adventure of his life. Berners.

   3.  The  encountering  of  risks; hazardous and striking enterprise; a
   bold  undertaking,  in  which  hazards  are to be encountered, and the
   issue is staked upon unforeseen events; a daring feat.

     He loved excitement and adventure. Macaulay.

   4. A remarkable occurrence; a striking event; a stirring incident; as,
   the adventures of one's life. Bacon.

   5.  A  mercantile  or  speculative  enterprise of hazard; a venture; a
   shipment by a merchant on his own account.
   A  bill  of  adventure  (Com.), a writing setting forth that the goods
   shipped  are  at  the  owner's  risk. Syn. -- Undertaking; enterprise;
   venture; event.

                                   Adventure

   Ad*ven"ture,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Adventured (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adventuring (#).] [OE. aventuren, auntren, F. aventurer, fr. aventure.
   See Adventure, n.]

   1. To risk, or hazard; jeopard; to venture.

     He would not adventure himself into the theater. Acts xix. 31.

   2. To venture upon; to run the risk of; to dare.

     Yet they adventured to go back. Bunyan,

     Discriminations might be adventured. J. Taylor.

                                   Adventure

   Ad*ven"ture, v. i. To try the chance; to take the risk.

     I would adventure for such merchandise. Shak.

                                 Adventureful

   Ad*ven"ture*ful (#), a. Given to adventure.

                                  Adventurer

   Ad*ven"tur*er (#), n. [Cf. F. aventurier.]

   1. One who adventures; as, the merchant adventurers; one who seeks his
   fortune in new and hazardous or perilous enterprises.

   2. A social pretender on the lookout for advancement.

                                 Adventuresome

   Ad*ven"ture*some  (#),  a.  Full of risk; adventurous; venturesome. --
   Ad*ven"ture*some*ness, n.

                                  Adventuress

   Ad*ven"tur*ess  (#), n. A female adventurer; a woman who tries to gain
   position by equivocal means.

                                  Adventurous

   Ad*ven"tur*ous  (#),  a. [OE. aventurous, aunterous, OF. aventuros, F.
   aventureux, fr. aventure. See Adventure, n.]

   1.  Inclined to adventure; willing to incur hazard; prone to embark in
   hazardous enterprise; rashly daring; -- applied to persons.

     Bold deed thou hast presumed, adventurous Eve. Milton.

   2.  Full  of hazard; attended with risk; exposing to danger; requiring
   courage;  rash;  --  applied  to acts; as, an adventurous undertaking,
   deed,  song.  Syn.  --  Rash;  foolhardy;  presumptuous; enterprising;
   daring; hazardous; venturesome. See Rash.

                                 Adventurously

   Ad*ven"tur*ous*ly,  adv.  In  an  adventurous  manner;  venturesomely;
   boldly; daringly.

                                Adventurousness

   Ad*ven"tur*ous*ness,  n.  The  quality  or state of being adventurous;
   daring; venturesomeness.

                                    Adverb

   Ad"verb  (#),  n.  [L.  adverbium;  ad  +  verbum  word,  verb: cf. F.
   adverbe.]  (Gram.)  A  word  used  to  modify  the  sense  of  a verb,
   participle,  adjective,  or  other adverb, and usually placed near it;
   as, he writes well; paper extremely white.

                                   Adverbial

   Ad*ver"bi*al  (#),  a.  [L.  adverbialis:  cf.  F.  adverbial.]  Of or
   pertaining  to an adverb; of the nature of an adverb; as, an adverbial
   phrase or form.

                                 Adverbiality

   Ad*ver`bi*al"i*ty (#), n. The quality of being adverbial. Earle.

                                 Adverbialize

   Ad*ver"bi*al*ize (#), v. t. To give the force or form of an adverb to.

                                  Adverbially

   Ad*ver"bi*al*ly, adv. In the manner of an adverb.

                                  Adversaria

   Ad`ver*sa"ri*a  (#), n. pl. [L. adversaria (sc. scripta), neut. pl. of
   adversarius.]   A  miscellaneous  collection  of  notes,  remarks,  or
   selections; a commonplace book; also, commentaries or notes.

     These  parchments  are supposed to have been St. Paul's adversaria.
     Bp. Bull.

                                 Adversarious

   Ad`ver*sa"ri*ous (#), a. Hostile. [R.] Southey.

                                   Adversary

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a foe.> Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries
   (#).  [OE.  adversarie,  direct fr. the Latin, and adversaire, fr. OF.
   adversier,  aversier,  fr.  L. adversarius (a.) turned toward, (n.) an
   adversary.  See  Adverse.] One who is turned against another or others
   with a design to oppose
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 26

   or resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent;
   an antagonist; an enemy; a foe.

     His ancient knot of dangerous adversaries. Shak.

     Agree with thine adversary quickly. Matt. v. 25.

     It  may  be thought that to vindicate the permanency of truth is to
     dispute without an adversary. Beattie.

   The  Adversary,  The  Satan,  or  the Devil. Syn. -- Adversary, Enemy,
   Opponent,  Antagonist.  Enemy  is  the  only  one of these words which
   necessarily  implies  a  state  of  personal  hostility.  Men  may  be
   adversaries,  antagonists,  or  opponents  to  each  other  in certain
   respects,  and yet have no feelings of general animosity. An adversary
   may  be  simply one who is placed for a time in a hostile position, as
   in  a lawsuit, an argument, in chess playing, or at fence. An opponent
   is  one  who  is  ranged  against  another  (perhaps passively) on the
   opposing  side;  as  a  political  opponent, an opponent in debate. An
   antagonist  is  one  who struggles against another with active effort,
   either in a literal fight or in verbal debate.

                                   Adversary

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad"ver*sa*ry (#), a.

   1. Opposed; opposite; adverse; antagonistic. [Archaic] Bp. King.

   2.  (Law)  Having  an  opposing party; not unopposed; as, an adversary
   suit.

                                  Adversative

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*ver"sa*tive (#), a. [L. adversativus,
   fr. adversari.] Expressing contrariety, opposition, or antithesis; as,
   an  adversative conjunction (but, however, yet, etc. ); an adversative
   force. -- Ad*ver"sa*tive*ly, adv.

                                  Adversative

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad*ver"sa*tive, n. An adversative word.
   Harris.

                                    Adverse

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad"verse (#), a. [OE. advers, OF. avers,
   advers, fr. L. adversus, p. p. advertere to turn to. See Advert.]

   1.  Acting  against,  or  in  a contrary direction; opposed; contrary;
   opposite;  conflicting;  as, adverse winds; an adverse party; a spirit
   adverse to distinctions of caste.

   2. Opposite. "Calpe's adverse height." Byron.

   3.  In  hostile  opposition to; unfavorable; unpropitious; contrary to
   one's   wishes;  unfortunate;  calamitous;  afflictive;  hurtful;  as,
   adverse fates, adverse circumstances, things adverse.

     Happy  were  it for us all if we bore prosperity as well and wisely
     as we endure an adverse fortune. Southey.

   Adverse  possession  (Law),  a  possession  of  real property avowedly
   contrary  to  some  claim  of title in another person. Abbott. Syn. --
   Averse; reluctant; unwilling. See Averse.

                                    Adverse

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad*verse" (#), v. t. [L. adversari: cf.
   OF. averser.] To oppose; to resist. [Obs.] Gower.

                                   Adversely

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a foe.> Ad"verse*ly (277), adv. In an adverse
   manner; inimically; unfortunately; contrariwise.

                                  Adverseness

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy; a foe.> Ad"verse*ness, n. The quality or state
   of being adverse; opposition.

                        Adversifoliate, Adversifolious

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;    an    enemy;    a    foe.>   Ad*ver`si*fo"li*ate   (#),
   Ad*ver`si*fo"li*ous  (#)  a.  [L.  adver + folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having
   opposite  leaves,  as  plants which have the leaves so arranged on the
   stem.

                                   Adversion

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*ver"sion  (#), n.[L. adversio] A
   turning towards; attention. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

                                   Adversity

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;   an   enemy;   a   foe.>   Ad*ver"si*ty   (#),   n.;  pl.
   Adversities(#). [OE. adversite, F. adversit\'82, fr. L. adversitas.]

   1. Opposition; contrariety. [Obs.] Wyclif.

     Adversity is not without comforts and hopes. Bacon.

   Syn.  --  Affliction;  distress; misery; disaster; trouble; suffering;
   trial.

                                    Advert

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vert"  (#),  v. i. [imp. & p. p.
   Adverted;  p.  pr.  & vb. n. Adverting.] [L. advertere, v. t., to turn
   to;  ad + vertere to turn: cf. F. avertir. See Advertise.] To turn the
   mind  or  attention; to refer; to take heed or notice; -- with to; as,
   he adverted to what was said.

     I may again advert to the distinction. Owen.

   Syn.- To refer; allude; regard. See Refer.

                            Advertence, Advertency

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vert"ence (#), Ad*vert"en*cy (#),[OF.
   advertence,   avertence,   LL.  advertentia,  fr.  L.  advertens.  See
   Advertent.]  The  act of adverting, of the quality of being advertent;
   attention; notice; regard; heedfulness.

     To  this  difference  it  is right that advertence should be had in
     regulating taxation. J. S. Mill.

                                   Advertent

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vert"ent  (#), a. [L. advertens,
   -entis,   p.  pr.  of  advertere.  See  Advert.]  Attentive;  heedful;
   regardful. Sir M. Hale. -- Ad*vert"ent*ly, adv.

                                   Advertise

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad`ver*tise" (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p.
   p.  Advertised  (#);  p.  pr.  & vb. n. Advertising (#).] [F. avertir,
   formerly also spelt advertir, to warn, give notice to, L. advertere to
   turn to. The ending was probably influenced by the noun advertisement.
   See  Advert.]  To  give notice to; to inform or apprise; to notify; to
   make known; hence, to warn; -- often followed by of before the subject
   of information; as, to advertise a man of his loss. [Archaic]

     I will advertise thee what this people shall do. Num. xxiv. 14.

   4.  To  give public notice of; to announce publicly, esp. by a printed
   notice;  as,  to advertise goods for sale, a lost article, the sailing
   day of a vessel, a political meeting. Syn. -- To apprise; inform; make
   known; notify; announce; proclaim; promulgate; publish.

                                 Advertisement

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;   an   enemy;   a  foe.>  Ad*ver"tise*ment  (?;  277),  n.
   [F.avertisement,  formerly  also  spelled  advertissement,  a warning,
   giving notice, fr. avertir.]

   1. The act of informing or notifying; notification. [Archaic]

     An advertisement of danger. Bp. Burnet.

   2. Admonition; advice; warning. [Obs.]

     Therefore   give   me   no  counsel:  My  griefs  cry  louder  than
     advertisement. Shak.

   3.  A  public  notice,  especially a paid notice in some public print;
   anything   that   advertises;   as,   a   newspaper   containing  many
   advertisement.

                                  Advertiser

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy; a foe.> Ad`ver*tis"er (#), n. One who, or that
   which, advertises.

                                    Advice

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy; a foe.> Ad*vice" (#), n. [OE. avis, F. avis; +
   OF.  vis, fr. L. visum seemed, seen; really p. p. of videre to see, so
   that  vis meant that which has seemed best. See Vision, and cf. Avise,
   Advise.]

   1.  An  opinion  recommended  or  offered,  as  worthy to be followed;
   counsel.

     We may give advice, but we can not give conduct. Franklin.

   2. Deliberate consideration; knowledge. [Obs.]

     How  shall I dote on her with more advice, That thus without advice
     begin to love her? Shak.

   3.  Information  or  notice given; intelligence; as, late advices from
   France; -- commonly in the plural.

     NOTE: &hand; In   co  mmercial la  nguage, ad  vice us ually me ans
     information communicated by letter; -- used chiefly in reference to
     drafts or bills of exchange; as, a letter of advice.

   McElrath.

   4. (Crim. Law) Counseling to perform a specific illegal act. Wharton.
   Advice  boat, a vessel employed to carry dispatches or to reconnoiter;
   a  dispatch  boat.  --  To  take  advice. (a) To accept advice. (b) To
   consult   with   another  or  others.  Syn.  --  Counsel;  suggestion;
   recommendation; admonition; exhortation; information; notice.

                                 Advisability

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vis`a*bil"i*ty (#), n. The quality of
   being advisable; advisableness.

                                   Advisable

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vis"a*ble (#), a.

   1. Proper to be advised or to be done; expedient; prudent.

     Some  judge  it advisable for a man to account with his heart every
     day. South.

   2.  Ready  to  receive  advice. [R.] South. Syn. -- Expedient; proper;
   desirable; befitting.

                                Advisable-ness

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.> Ad*vis"a*ble-ness, n. The quality of
   being advisable or expedient; expediency; advisability.

                                   Advisably

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vis"a*bly, adv. With advice; wisely.

                                    Advise

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vise"  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p.
   Advised  (#);  p. pr. & vb. n. Advising (#).] [OE. avisen to perceive,
   consider,  inform, F. aviser, fr. LL. advisare. advisare; ad + visare,
   fr. L. videre, visum, to see. See Advice, and cf. Avise.]

   1.  To  give advice to; to offer an opinion, as worthy or expedient to
   be  followed;  to  counsel;  to  warn.  "I shall no more advise thee."
   Milton.

   2.  To give information or notice to; to inform; -- with of before the
   thing communicated; as, we were advised of the risk.
   To  advise  one's  self,  to  bethink one's self; to take counsel with
   one's self; to reflect; to consider. [Obs.]

     Bid thy master well advise himself. Shak.

   Syn. -- To counsel; admonish; apprise; acquaint.

                                    Advise

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vise", v. t.

   1. To consider; to deliberate. [Obs.]

     Advise if this be worth attempting. Milton.

   2.  To  take  counsel;  to consult; -- followed by with; as, to advise
   with friends.

                                   Advisedly

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vis"ed*ly (#), adv.

   1. Circumspectly; deliberately; leisurely. [Obs.] Shak.

   2.   With   deliberate   purpose;  purposely;  by  design.  "Advisedly
   undertaken." Suckling.

                                  Advisedness

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;   an   enemy;   a   foe.>   Ad*vis"ed*ness  n.  Deliberate
   consideration; prudent procedure; caution.

                                  Advisement

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vise"ment (#), n. [OE. avisement, F.
   avisement, fr. aviser. See Advise, and cf. Avisement.]

   1. Counsel; advise; information. [Archaic]

     And  mused  awhile,  waking  advisement takes of what had passed in
     sleep. Daniel.

   2. Consideration; deliberation; consultation.

     Tempering the passion with advisement slow. Spenser.

                                    Adviser

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vis"er (#), n. One who advises.

                                  Advisership

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vis"er*ship, n. The office of an
   adviser. [R.]

                                    Adviso

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.> Ad*vi"so (#), n. [Cf. Sp. aviso. See
   Advice.] Advice; counsel; suggestion; also, a dispatch or advice boat.
   [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                   Advisory

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vi"so*ry (#), a. Having power to
   advise;  containing  advice; as, an advisory council; their opinion is
   merely advisory.

     The General Association has a general advisory superintendence over
     all the ministers and churches. Trumbull.

                                   Advocacy

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad"vo*ca*cy (#), n. [OF. advocatie, LL.
   advocatia.  See Advocate.] The act of pleading for or supporting; work
   of advocating; intercession.

                                   Advocate

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad"vo*cate (#), n. [OE. avocat, avocet,
   OF.  avocat,  fr.  L.  advocatus,  one  summoned or called to another;
   properly  the  p.  p.  of advocare to call to, call to one's aid; ad +
   vocare to call. See Advowee, Avowee, Vocal.]

   1.  One  who pleads the cause of another. Specifically: One who pleads
   the cause of another before a tribunal or judicial court; a counselor.

     NOTE: &hand; In  the English and American Law, advocate is the same
     as  "counsel,"  "counselor,"  or  "barrister."  In  the  civil  and
     ecclesiastical  courts, the term signifies the same as "counsel" at
     the common law.

   2.  One  who defends, vindicates, or espouses any cause by argument; a
   pleader; as, an advocate of free trade, an advocate of truth.

   3. Christ, considered as an intercessor.

     We have an Advocate with the Father. 1 John ii. 1.

   Faculty  of  advocates (Scot.), the Scottish bar in Edinburgh. -- Lord
   advocate (Scot.), the public prosecutor of crimes, and principal crown
   lawyer. -- Judge advocate. See under Judge.

                                   Advocate

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad"vo*cate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p.
   Advocated  (#);  p.  pr.  & vb. n. Advocating (#).] [See Advocate, n.,
   Advoke,  Avow.]  To plead in favor of; to defend by argument, before a
   tribunal or the public; to support, vindicate, or recommend publicly.

     To advocate the cause of thy client. Bp. Sanderson (1624).

     This  is  the  only  thing  distinct  and  sensible,  that has been
     advocated. Burke.

     Eminent orators were engaged to advocate his cause. Mitford.

                                   Advocate

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a foe.> Ad"vo*cate, v. i. To act as advocate.
   [Obs.] Fuller.

                                 Advocateship

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad"vo*cate*ship, n. Office or duty of an
   advocate.

                                  Advocation

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad`vo*ca"tion (#), n. [L. advocatio: cf.
   OF. avocation. See Advowson.]

   1. The act of advocating or pleading; plea; advocacy. [Archaic]

     The  holy  Jesus . . . sits in heaven in a perpetual advocation for
     us. Jer. Taylor.

   2. Advowson. [Obs.]

     The donations or advocations of church livings. Sanderson.

   3.  (Scots Law) The process of removing a cause from an inferior court
   to the supreme court. Bell.

                                  Advocatory

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad"vo*ca*to*ry (#), a. Of or pertaining
   to an advocate. [R.]

                                    Advoke

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a foe.> Ad*voke" (#), v. t. [L. advocare. See
   Advocate.] To summon; to call. [Obs.]

     Queen Katharine had privately prevailed with the pope to advoke the
     cause to Rome. Fuller.

                                  Advolution

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.> Ad`vo*lu"tion (#), n. [L. advolvere,
   advolutum, to roll to.] A rolling toward something. [R.]

                                   Advoutrer

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vou"trer  (#),  n. [OF. avoutre,
   avoltre, fr. L. adulter. Cf. Adulterer.] An adulterer. [Obs.]

                                  Advoutress

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vou"tress (#), n. An adulteress.
   [Obs.] Bacon.

                              Advoutry, Advowtry

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vou"try, Ad*vow"try (#), n. [OE.
   avoutrie,  avouterie,  advoutrie,  OF.  avoutrie,  avulterie,  fr.  L.
   adulterium. Cf. Adultery.] Adultery. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                    Advowee

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vow*ee"  (#),  n. [OE. avowe, F.
   avou\'82, fr. L. advocatus. See Advocate, Avowee, Avoyer.] One who has
   an advowson. Cowell.

                                   Advowson

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vow"son (?; 277), n. [OE. avoweisoun,
   OF.  avo\'89son,  fr.  L.  advocatio.  Cf. Advocation.] (Eng. Law) The
   right  of  presenting  to  a  vacant benefice or living in the church.
   [Originally,  the  relation  of a patron (advocatus) or protector of a
   benefice, and thus privileged to nominate or present to it.]

     NOTE: &hand; Th e be nefices of  the Church of England are in every
     case  subjects  of  presentation. They are nearly 12,000 in number;
     the  advowson of more than half of them belongs to private persons,
     and  of  the  remainder  to the crown, bishops, deans and chapters,
     universities, and colleges.

   Amer. Cyc.

                                    Advoyer

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*voy"er (#), n. See Avoyer. [Obs.]

                                    Adward

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*ward" (#), n. Award. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                   Adynamia

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad`y*na"mi*a (#), n. [NL. adynamia, fr.
   Gr.  (Med.)  Considerable  debility of the vital powers, as in typhoid
   fever. Dunglison.

                                   Adynamic

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad`y*nam"ic (#), a. [Cf. F. adynamique.
   See Adynamy.]

   1.  (Med.)  Pertaining  to, or characterized by, debility of the vital
   powers; weak.

   2. (Physics) Characterized by the absence of power or force.
   Adynamic  fevers,  malignant  or  putrid  fevers  attended  with great
   muscular debility.

                                    Adynamy

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> A*dyn"a*my (#), n. Adynamia. [R.] Morin.

                                    Adytum

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad"y*tum (#), n. Adyta (#). [L., fr. Gr.
   The  innermost  sanctuary or shrine in ancient temples, whence oracles
   were given. Hence: A private chamber; a sanctum.

                                   Adz, Adze

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Adz, Adze (#), n. [OE. adese, adis,
   adse,  AS. adesa, adese, ax, hatchet.] A carpenter's or cooper's tool,
   formed with a thin arching blade set at right angles to the handle. It
   is used for chipping or slicing away the surface of wood.

                                      Adz

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Adz, v. t. To cut with an adz. [R.]
   Carlyle.

                                  \'92 or Ae

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.> \'92 or Ae. A diphthong in the Latin
   language;  used  also by the Saxon writers. It answers to the Gr. \'91
   was  generally  replaced  by  a, the long e or ee. In derivatives from
   Latin  words  with  ae,  it  is mostly superseded by e. For most words
   found  with this initial combination, the reader will therefore search
   under the letter E.

                                  \'92cidium

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.> \'92*cid"i*um (#), n.; pl. \'92cidia
   (#).  [NL.,  dim.  of  Gr.  (Bot.)  A  form  of  fruit in the cycle of
   development  of  the  Rusts  or  Brands,  an  order of fungi, formerly
   considered independent plants.

                                   \'92dile

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> \'92"dile (#), n. [L. aedilis, fr. aedes
   temple, public building. Cf. Edify.] A magistrate in ancient Rome, who
   had  the  superintendence  of public buildings, highways, shows, etc.;
   hence, a municipal officer.

                                 \'92dileship

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  \'92"dile*ship, n. The office of an
   \'91dile. T. Arnold.

                                   \'92gean

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> \'92*ge"an (#), a. [L. Aegeus; Gr. Of or
   pertaining  to  the  sea,  or  arm  of  the Mediterranean sea, east of
   Greece. See Archipelago.

                                 \'92gicrania

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy; a foe.> \'92`gi*cra"ni*a (#), n. pl. [NL., fr.
   Gr.  (Arch.)  Sculptured  ornaments,  used  in classical architecture,
   representing rams' heads or skulls.

                                  \'92gilops

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> \'92g"i*lops (#), n. [L. aegilopis, Gr.

   1. (Med.) An ulcer or fistula in the inner corner of the eye.

   2. (Bot.) (a) The great wild-oat grass or other cornfield weed. Crabb.
   (b) A genus of plants, called also hardgrass.

                                    \'92gis

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a foe.> \'92"gis (#), n. [L. aegis, fr. Gr. A
   shield  or  protective armor; -- applied in mythology to the shield of
   Jupiter which he gave to Minerva. Also fig.: A shield; a protection.

                                  \'92gophony

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> \'92*goph"o*ny (#), n. Same as Egophony.

                                  \'92grotat

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy; a foe.> \'92*gro"tat (#), n. [L., he is sick.]
   (Camb. Univ.) A medical certificate that a student is ill.

                                   \'92neid

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> \'92*ne"id (#), n. [L. Aeneis, Aeneidis,
   or -dos: cf. F. .] The great epic poem of Virgil, of which the hero is
   \'92neas.

                                  A\'89neous

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a foe.> A*\'89"ne*ous (#), a. [L. a\'89neus.]
   (Zo\'94l.) Colored like bronze.

                                   \'92olian

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> \'92*o"li*an (#), a. [L. Aeolius, Gr.

   1.  Of or pertaining to \'92olia or \'92olis, in Asia Minor, colonized
   by  the  Greeks,  or  to  its inhabitants; \'91olic; as, the \'92olian
   dialect.

   2. Pertaining to \'92olus, the mythic god of the winds; pertaining to,
   or produced by, the wind; a\'89rial.

     Viewless forms the \'91olian organ play. Campbell.

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 27

   volume  of  sound,  etc., by forcing a stream of air upon the strings.
   Moore.  --  >mcol>\'92olian harp, \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument
   consisting  of  a  box, on or in which are stretched strings, on which
   the  wind  acts  to  produce  the  notes; -- usually placed at an open
   window. Moore. --
   \'92olian   mode   (Mus.),   one   of  the  ancient  Greek  and  early
   ecclesiastical modes.

                                   \'92olic

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92*ol"ic  (#),  a.  [L. Aeolicus; Gr. \'92olian, 1; as, the \'92olic
   dialect; the \'92olic mode.

                           \'92olipile, \'92olipyle

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92*ol"i*pile,  \'92*ol"i*pyle  (#), n. [L. aeolipilae; Aeolus god of
   the  winds  +  pila a ball, or Gr. i. e., doorway of \'92olus); cf. F.
   \'82olipyle.] An apparatus consisting chiefly of a closed vessel (as a
   globe  or  cylinder)  with  one or more projecting bent tubes, through
   which  steam  is  made to pass from the vessel, causing it to revolve.
   [Written also eolipile.]

     NOTE: &hand; Su ch an  ap paratus wa s fi rst de scribed by Hero of
     Alexandria about 200 years b. c. It has often been called the first
     steam engine.

                                 \'92olotropic

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92`o*lo*trop"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Physics) Exhibiting differences of
   quality  or  property  in  different directions; not isotropic. Sir W.
   Thomson.

                                 \'92olotropy

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92`o*lot"ro*py  (#),  n. (Physics) Difference of quality or property
   in different directions.

                                   \'92olus

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92"o*lus  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr.  Gr. (Gr. & Rom. Myth.) The god of the
   winds.

                                    \'92on

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92"on  (#), n. A period of immeasurable duration; also, an emanation
   of the Deity. See Eon.

                                   \'92onian

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92*o"ni*an  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Eternal; everlasting. "\'92onian hills."
   Tennyson.

                                  \'92pyornis

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92`py*or"nis   (#),   n.  [Gr.  A  gigantic  bird  found  fossil  in
   Madagascar.

                                   A\'89rate

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*ate  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. A (#); p. pr. & vb. n. A (#).]
   [Cf. F. a\'82rer. See Air,v. t.]

   1.  To  combine  or  charge  with gas; usually with carbonic acid gas,
   formerly called fixed air.

     His  sparkling  sallies  bubbled  up  as  from  a\'89rated  natural
     fountains. Carlyle.

   2.  To supply or impregnate with common air; as, to a\'89rate soil; to
   a\'89rate water.

   3.  (Physiol.)  To  expose to the chemical action of air; to oxygenate
   (the blood) by respiration; to arterialize.
   A\'89rated  bread,  bread  raised by charging dough with carbonic acid
   gas, instead of generating the gas in the dough by fermentation.

                                  A\'89ration

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*a"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. a\'82ration.]

   1.  Exposure to the free action of the air; airing; as, a\'89ration of
   soil, of spawn, etc.

   2. (Physiol.) A change produced in the blood by exposure to the air in
   respiration; oxygenation of the blood in respiration; arterialization.

   3.  The  act or preparation of charging with carbonic acid gas or with
   oxygen.

                                  A\'89rator

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*a`tor  (#), n. That which supplies with air; esp. an apparatus
   used for charging mineral waters with gas and in making soda water.

                                   A\'89rial

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A*\'89"ri*al (#), a. [L. a\'89rius. See Air.]

   1.  Of  or  pertaining  to  the  air,  or  atmosphere;  inhabiting  or
   frequenting the air; produced by or found in the air; performed in the
   air;  as,  a\'89rial regions or currents. "A\'89rial spirits." Milton.
   "A\'89rial voyages." Darwin.

   2.  Consisting  of air; resembling, or partaking of the nature of air.
   Hence: Unsubstantial; unreal.

   3. Rising aloft in air; high; lofty; as, a\'89rial spires.

   4.  Growing, forming, or existing in the air, as opposed to growing or
   existing  in  earth  or water, or underground; as, a\'89rial rootlets,
   a\'89rial plants. Gray.

   5. Light as air; ethereal.
   A\'89rial  acid,  carbonic acid. [Obs.] Ure. -- A\'89rial perspective.
   See Perspective.

                                 A\'89riality

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A*\'89`ri*al"i*ty  (#),  n.  The  state  of  being  a\'89rial; [R.] De
   Quincey.

                                  A\'89rially

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A*\'89"ri*al*ly  (#),  adv.  Like,  or  from, the air; in an a\'89rial
   manner. "A murmur heard a\'89rially." Tennyson.

                                     Aerie

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   Ae"rie  (?; 277), n. [OE. aire, eire, air, nest, also origin, descent,
   OF. aire, LL. area, aera, nest of a bird of prey, perh. fr. L. area an
   open  space  (for  birds of prey like to build their nests on flat and
   open  spaces  on the top of high rocks). Cf. Area.] The nest of a bird
   of  prey,  as  of an eagle or hawk; also a brood of such birds; eyrie.
   Shak.  Also  fig.:  A human residence or resting place perched like an
   eagle's nest.

                                 A\'89riferous

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*if"er*ous   (#),   a.   [L.  a\'89r  air  +  -ferous:  cf.  F.
   a\'82rif\'8are.]  Conveying  or  containing  air; air-bearing; as, the
   windpipe is an a\'89riferous tube.

                                A\'89rification

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*i*fi*ca"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. a\'82rification. See A.]

   1.  The  act  of combining air with another substance, or the state of
   being filled with air.

   2.  The  act  of  becoming a\'89rified, or of changing from a solid or
   liquid form into an a\'89riform state; the state of being a\'89riform.

                                  A\'89riform

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*i*form   (?;   277),  a.  [L.  a\'89r  air  +  -form:  cf.  F.
   a\'82riforme.]  Having  the  form  or  nature of air, or of an elastic
   fluid; gaseous. Hence fig.: Unreal.

                                   A\'89rify

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*i*fy (#), v. t. [L. a\'89r air + -fly.]

   1. To infuse air into; to combine air with.

   2. To change into an a\'89riform state.

                                   A\'89ro-

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o-. [Gr. The combining form of the Greek word meaning air.

                                  A\'89robies

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*bies  (#),  n. pl. [A\'89ro- + Gr. (Biol.) Micro\'94rganisms
   which  live  in contact with the air and need oxygen for their growth;
   as the microbacteria which form on the surface of putrefactive fluids.

                                 A\'89robiotic

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*bi*ot"ic  (?;  101), a. (Biol.) Related to, or of the nature
   of,  a\'89robies;  as,  a\'89robiotic  plants,  which  live  only when
   supplied with free oxygen.

                                  A\'89rcyst

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*cyst (#), n. [A\'89ro- + cyst.] (Bot.) One of the air cells of
   algals.

                                A\'89rodynamic

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*dy*nam"ic (#), a. Pertaining to the force of air in motion.

                                A\'89rodynamics

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*dy*nam"ics   (#),   n.   [A\'89ro-   +   dynamics:   cf.  F.
   a\'82rodynamique.]  The  science  which  treats  of  the air and other
   gaseous  bodies  under  the  action  of force, and of their mechanical
   effects.

                                 A\'89rognosy

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*og"no*sy  (#),  n. [A\'89ro- + Gr. a\'82rognosie.] The science
   which treats of the properties of the air, and of the part it plays in
   nature. Craig.

                                A\'89rographer

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*og"ra*pher   (#),   n.   One   versed   in   a\'89ography:  an
   a\'89rologist.

                       A\'89rographic, A\'89rographical

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*graph"ic  (#),  A`\'89r*o*graph"ic*al  (#), a. Pertaining to
   a\'89rography; a\'89rological.

                                 A\'89rography

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*og"ra*phy (#), n. [A\'89ro- + -graphy: cf. F. a\'82rographie.]
   A description of the air or atmosphere; a\'89rology.

                              A\'89rohydrodynamic

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*hy`dro*dy*nam"ic  (#),  a. [A\'89ro- + hydrodynamic.] Acting
   by the force of air and water; as, an a\'89rohydrodynamic wheel.

                                  A\'89rolite

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*lite  (#),  n.  [A\'89ro-  +  -lite:  cf.  F. a\'82rolithe.]
   (Meteor.)  A  stone,  or  metallic mass, which has fallen to the earth
   from distant space; a meteorite; a meteoric stone.

     NOTE: &hand; Some writers limit the word to stony meteorites.

                                  A\'89rolith

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*lith (#), n. Same as A.

                               A\'89rolithology

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*li*thol"o*gy  (#), n. [A\'89ro- + lithology.] The science of
   a\'89rolites.

                                 A\'89rolitic

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*lit"ic  (#),  a. Of or pertaining to a\'89rolites; meteoric;
   as, a\'89rolitic iron. Booth.

                         A\'89rologic, A\'89rological

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*log"ic  (#), A`\'89r*o*log"ic*al (#), a. Of or pertaining to
   a\'89rology.

                                 A\'89rologist

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*ol"o*gist (#), n. One versed in a\'89rology.

                                  A\'89rology

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*ol"o*gy  (#), n. [A\'89ro- + -logy: cf. F. a\'82rologie.] That
   department of physics which treats of the atmosphere.

                                 A\'89romancy

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*man`cy  (#),  n.  [A\'89ro- + -mancy: cf. F. a\'82romancie.]
   Divination  from  the state of the air or from atmospheric substances;
   also, forecasting changes in the weather.

                                 A\'89rometer

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*om"e*ter  (#),  n. [A\'89ro- + -meter: cf. F. \'82rom\'8atre.]
   An instrument for ascertaining the weight or density of air and gases.

                                 A\'89rometric

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*met"ric  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  a\'89rometry; as,
   a\'89rometric investigations.

                                 A\'89rometry

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*om"e*try  (#), n. [A\'89ro- + -metry: cf. F. \'82rom\'82trie.]
   The  science  of  measuring  the  air,  including  the doctrine of its
   pressure, elasticity, rarefaction, and condensation; pneumatics.

                                  A\'89ronaut

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*naut  (?;  277),  n. [F. a\'82ronaute, fr. Gr. Nautical.] An
   a\'89rial navigator; a balloonist.

                        A\'89ronautic, A\'89ronautical

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*naut"ic   (#),   A`\'89r*o*naut"ic*al   (#),   a.   [Cf.  F.
   a\'82ronauitique.] Pertaining to a\'89ronautics, or a\'89rial sailing.

                                A\'89ronautics

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*naut"ics (#), n. The science or art of ascending and sailing
   in   the  air,  as  by  means  of  a  balloon;  a\'89rial  navigation;
   ballooning.

                          A\'89rophobia, A\'89rophoby

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*pho"bi*a  (#),  A`\'89r*oph"o*by  (#),  n.  [A\'89ro-  + Gr.
   a\'82rophobie.] (Med.) Dread of a current of air.

                                 A\'89rophyte

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*phyte  (,  n.  [A\'89ro- + Gr. a\'82rophyte.] (Bot.) A plant
   growing entirely in the air, and receiving its nourishment from it; an
   air plant or epiphyte.

                                 A\'89roplane

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*plane`  (,  n.  [A\'89ro-  +  plane.] A flying machine, or a
   small  plane  for  experiments on flying, which floats in the air only
   when propelled through it.

                                 A\'89roscope

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*scope  (,  n.  [A\'89ro- + Gr. (Biol.) An apparatus designed
   for collecting spores, germs, bacteria, etc., suspended in the air.

                                 A\'89roscopy

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*os"co*py  (,  n.  [A\'89ro- + Gr. The observation of the state
   and variations of the atmosphere.

                                   \'92rose

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92*rose"  (,  a. [L. aerosus, fr. aes, aeris, brass, copper.] Of the
   nature of, or like, copper; brassy. [R.]

                                A\'89rosiderite

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*sid"er*ite  (, n. [A\'89ro- + siderite.] (Meteor.) A mass of
   meteoric iron.

                                 A\'89rosphere

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*sphere  (,  n. [A\'89ro- + sphere: cf. F. a\'82rosph\'8are.]
   The atmosphere. [R.]

                                  A\'89rostat

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*o*stat (, n. [F. a\'82rostat, fr. Gr. Statics.]

   1. A balloon.

   2. A balloonist; an a\'89ronaut.

                                 A\'89rostatic

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*stat"ic  (,  A`\'89r*o*stat"ic*al  (,  a.  [A\'89ro-  +  Gr.
   a\'82rostatique. See Statical, Statics.]

   1. Of or pertaining to a\'89rostatics; pneumatic.

   2. A\'89ronautic; as, an a\'89rostatic voyage.

                                A\'89rostatics

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*o*stat"ics (, n. The science that treats of the equilibrium of
   elastic fluids, or that of bodies sustained in them. Hence it includes
   a\'89ronautics.

                                A\'89rostation

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89r*os*ta"tion  (,  n.  [Cf.  F.  a\'82rostation  the art of using
   a\'89rostats.]

   1.  A\'89rial  navigation;  the art of raising and guiding balloons in
   the air.

   2. The science of weighing air; a\'89rostatics. [Obs.]

                                 \'92ruginous

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92*ru"gi*nous  (, a. [L. aeruginosus, fr. aerugo rust of copper, fr.
   aes copper: cf. F. \'82rugineux.] Of the nature or color of verdigris,
   or the rust of copper.

                                   \'92rugo

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92*ru"go  (,  n. [L. aes brass, copper.] The rust of any metal, esp.
   of brass or copper; verdigris.

                                     Aery

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   Ae"ry (, n. An aerie.

                                    A\'89ry

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"\'89r*y   (,   a.   [See  Air.]  A\'89rial;  ethereal;  incorporeal;
   visionary. [Poetic] M. Arnold.

                                 \'92sculapian

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s`cu*la"pi*an  (, a. Pertaining to \'92sculapius or to the healing
   art; medical; medicinal.

                                 \'92sculapius

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s`cu*la"pi*us  (,  n.  [L.  Aesculapius,  Gr.  (Myth.)  The god of
   medicine. Hence, a physician.

                                  \'92sculin

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s"cu*lin (, n. Same as Esculin.

                              \'92sopian, Esopian

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92*so"pi*an,  E*so"pi*an  (,  a.  [L.  Aesopius,  from Gr. (.] Of or
   pertaining to \'92sop, or in his manner.

                               \'92sopic, Esopic

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92*sop"ic, E*sop"ic (, a. [L. Aesopicus, Gr. Same as \'92sopian.

                                  \'92sthesia

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s*the"si*a  (,  n.  [Gr.  (Physiol.)  Perception  by  the  senses;
   feeling; -- the opposite of an\'91sthesia.

                        \'92sthesiometer, Esthesiometer

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s*the`si*om"e*ter,  Es*the`si*om"e*ter  (,  n. [Gr. \'92sthesia) +
   \'cfmeter.]  An  instrument  to  measure  the  degree of sensation, by
   determining  at how short a distance two impressions upon the skin can
   be  distinguished,  and  thus  to  determine  whether the condition of
   tactile sensibility is normal or altered.

                                  \'92sthesis

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s*the""sis (, n. [Gr. Sensuous perception. [R.] Ruskin.

                                 \'92sthesodic

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s`the*sod"ic  (,  a.  [Gr.  esth\'82sodique.] (Physiol.) Conveying
   sensory or afferent impulses; \'d0 said of nerves.

                                  \'92sthete

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s"thete (, n. [Gr. One who makes much or overmuch of \'91sthetics.
   [Recent]

                                  \'92sthetic

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s*thet"ic   (,   \'92s*thet"ic*al   (,  a.  Of  or  Pertaining  to
   \'91sthetics;   versed   in  \'91sthetics;  as,  \'91sthetic  studies,
   emotions, ideas, persons, etc. -- \'92s*thet"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                 \'92sthetican

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s`the*ti"can (#), n. One versed in \'91sthetics.

                                \'92stheticism

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s*thet"i*cism  (#),  n.  The doctrine of \'91sthetics; \'91sthetic
   principles; devotion to the beautiful in nature and art. Lowell.

                            \'92sthetics, Esthetics

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s*thet"ics, Es*thet"ics (, n. [Gr. \'84sthetik, F. esth\'82tique.]
   The  theory  or  philosophy  of taste; the science of the beautiful in
   nature  and  art;  esp.  that  which  treats  of  the  expression  and
   embodiment of beauty by art.

                              \'92stho-physiology

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s`tho-phys`i*ol"o*gy(#),  n.  [Gr.  physiology.]  The  science  of
   sensation in relation to nervous action. H. Spenser.

                                  \'92stival

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s"ti*val  (#), a. [L. aestivalis, aestivus, fr. aestas summer.] Of
   or  belonging  to  the  summer;  as,  \'91stival diseases. [Spelt also
   estival.]

                                  \'92stivate

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s"ti*vate (#), v. i. [L. aestivare, aestivatum.]

   1. To spend the summer.

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  To  pass  the summer in a state of torpor. [Spelt also
   estivate.]

                                 \'92stivation

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s`ti*va"tion (#), n.

   1.  (Zo\'94l.)  The state of torpidity induced by the heat and dryness
   of summer, as in certain snails; -- opposed to hibernation.

   2.  (Bot.)  The  arrangement  of  the  petals  in  a flower bud, as to
   folding,   overlapping,   etc.;   prefloration.   Gray.   [Spelt  also
   estivation.]

                                  \'92stuary

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s"tu*a*ry (?; 135), n. & a. See Estuary.

                                  \'92stuous

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92s"tu*ous  (#),  a. [L. aestuosus, fr. aestus fire, glow.] Glowing;
   agitated, as with heat.

                                A\'89theogamous

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A*\'89`the*og"a*mous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Propagated in an unusual way;
   cryptogamous.

                                   \'92ther

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92"ther (#), n. See Ether.

                              \'92thiops mineral

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92"thi*ops min"er*al (#). (Chem.) Same as Ethiops mineral. [Obs.]

                                  \'92thogen

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92th"o*gen  (#),  n.  [Gr. -gen.] (Chem.) A compound of nitrogen and
   boro

                                \'92thrioscope

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92"thri*o*scope  (#),  n. [Gr. An instrument consisting in part of a
   differential   thermometer.  It  is  used  for  measuring  changes  of
   temperature produced by different conditions of the sky, as when clear
   or clouded.

                                \'92tiological

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92`ti*o*log"ic*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to \'91tiology; assigning a
   cause. -- \'92`ti*o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                  \'92tiology

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   \'92`ti*ol"o*gy (#), n. [L. aetologia, Gr. \'82tiologie.]

   1.  The  science,  doctrine,  or  demonstration  of  causes; esp., the
   investigation  of the causes of any disease; the science of the origin
   and development of things.

   2. The assignment of a cause.

                                  A\'89tites

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A`\'89*ti"tes (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. See Eaglestone.

                                     Afar

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A*far"  (#),  adv.  [Pref. a-.(for on or of) + far.] At, to, or from a
   great  distance;  far  away; -- often used with from preceding, or off
   following; as, he was seen from afar; I saw him afar off.

     The steep where Fame's proud temple shines afar. Beattie.

                                    Afeard

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A*feard"  (#),  p.  a.  [OE.  afered,  AS.  \'bef,  p.  p. of \'bef to
   frighten; \'be- (cf. Goth. us-, Ger. er-, orig. meaning out) + fran to
   frighten. See Fear.] Afraid. [Obs.]

     Be not afeard; the isle is full of noises. Shak.

                                     Afer

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   A"fer (#), n. [L.] The southwest wind. Milton.

                                  Affability

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   Af`fa*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  [L.  affabilitas: cf. F. affabilit\'82.] The
   quality  of  being  affable;  readiness  to converse; courteousness in
   receiving others and in conversation; complaisant behavior.

     Affability  is  of a wonderful efficacy or power in procuring love.
     Elyot

                                    Affable

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   Af"fa*ble  (#),  a. [F. affable, L. affabilis, fr. affari to speak to;
   ad + fari to speak. See Fable.]

   1.  Easy  to  be  spoken  to or addressed; receiving others kindly and
   conversing  with  them  in  a  free  and  friendly  manner; courteous;
   sociable.

     An affable and courteous gentleman. Shak.

     His manners polite and affable. Macaulay.

   2. Gracious; mild; benign.

     A serene and affable countenance. Tatler.

   Syn.  --  Courteous;  civil;  complaisant;  accessible;  mild; benign;
   condescending.

                                  Affableness

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   Af"fa*ble*ness, n. Affability.

                                    Affably

   \'92olian  attachment,  a  contrivance often attached to a pianoforte,
   which prolongs the vibrations, increases the 27 volume of sound, etc.,
   by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. -- >mcol>\'92olian
   harp,  \'92olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or
   in  which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the
   notes;  --  usually placed at an open window. Moore. -- \'92olian mode
   (Mus.),  one  of  the  ancient  Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.>
   Af"fa*bly, adv. In an affable manner; courteously.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 28

                                   Affabrous

   Af"fa*brous  (#), a. [L. affaber workmanlike; ad + faber.] Executed in
   a workmanlike manner; ingeniously made. [R.] Bailey.

                                    Affair

   Af*fair"  (#),  n.  [OE.  afere, affere, OF. afaire, F. affaire, fr. a
   faire to do; L.. ad + facere to do. See Fact, and cf. Ado.]

   1.  That  which  is  done  or  is  to  be done; matter; concern; as, a
   difficult   affair  to  manage;  business  of  any  kind,  commercial,
   professional,  or  public;  --  often  in  the plural. "At the head of
   affairs." Junius. "A talent for affairs." Prescott.

   2.  Any  proceeding  or  action  which  it  is  wished  to refer to or
   characterize vaguely; as, an affair of honor, i. e., a duel; an affair
   of love, i. e., an intrigue.

   3.  (Mil.)  An  action or engagement not of sufficient magnitude to be
   called a battle.

   4. Action; endeavor. [Obs.]

     And with his best affair Obeyed the pleasure of the Sun. Chapman.

   5. A material object (vaguely designated).

     A certain affair of fine red cloth much worn and faded. Hawthorne.

                                   Affamish

   Af*fam"ish  (#), v. t. & i. [F. affamer, fr. L. ad + fames hunger. See
   Famish.] To afflict with, or perish from, hunger. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                 Affamishment

   Af*fam"ish*ment (#), n. Starvation. Bp. Hall.

                                   Affatuate

   Af*fat"u*ate (#), v. t. [L. ad + fatuus foolish.] To infatuate. [Obs.]
   Milton.

                                    Affear

   Af*fear"  (#), v. t. [OE. aferen, AS. \'bef. See Afeard.] To frighten.
   [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Affect

   Af*fect"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Affected;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Affecting.]  [L.  affectus,  p.  p.  of  afficere  to affect by active
   agency;  ad + facere to make: cf. F. affectere, L. affectare, freq. of
   afficere. See Fact.]

   1. To act upon; to produce an effect or change upon.

     As might affect the earth with cold heat. Milton.

     The climate affected their health and spirits. Macaulay.

   2. To influence or move, as the feelings or passions; to touch.

     A  consideration  of the rationale of our passions seems to me very
     necessary  for  all  who  would  affect  them  upon  solid and pure
     principles.

     3. To love; to regard with affection. [Obs.]

     As  for  Queen Katharine, he rather respected than affected, rather
     honored than loved, her. Fuller.

     4.  To  show a fondness for; to like to use or practice; to choose;
     hence, to frequent habitually.

     For he does neither affect company, nor is he fit for Shak.

     Do not affect the society of your inferiors in rank, nor court that
     of the great. Hazlitt.

     5. To dispose or incline.

     Men whom they thought best affected to religion and their country's
     liberty. Milton.

     6. To aim at; to aspire; to covet. [Obs.]

     This proud man affects imperial Dryden.

     7. To tend to by affinity or disposition.

     The drops of every fluid affect a round figure. Newton.

     8. To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to assume;
     as, to affect ignorance.

     Careless  she  is  with  artful care, Affecting to seem unaffected.
     Congreve.

     Thou dost affect my manners. Shak.

     9. To assign; to appoint. [R.]

     One   of  the  domestics  was  affected  to  his  special  service.
     Thackeray.

     Syn. -- To influence; operate; act on; concern; move; melt; soften;
     subdue; overcome; pretend; assume.

                                    Affect

     Af*fect",   n.  [L.  affectus.]  Affection;  inclination;  passion;
     feeling; disposition. [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Affectation

     Af`fec*ta"tion (#), n. [L. affectatio: cf. F. affectation.]

     1.  An  attempt  to  assume or exhibit what is not natural or real;
     false  display;  artificial  show.  "An  affectation  of contempt."
     Macaulay.

     Affectation  is  an  awkward and forced imitation of what should be
     genuine  and  easy,  wanting  the  beauty  that accompanies what is
     natural what is natural. Locke.

     2. A striving after. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.

     3. Fondness; affection. [Obs.] Hooker.

                                Affectationist

     Af`fec*ta"tion*ist,  n.  One who exhibits affectation. [R.] Fitzed.
     Hall.

                                   Affected

     Af*fect"ed (#), p. p. & a.

     1. Regarded with affection; beloved. [Obs.]

     His affected Hercules. Chapman.

     2. Inclined; disposed; attached.

     How stand you affected his wish? Shak.

     3.  Given  to  false show; assuming or pretending to posses what is
     not natural or real.

     He is . . . too spruce, too affected, too odd. Shak.

     4. Assumed artificially; not natural.

     Affected coldness and indifference. Addison.

     5.  (Alg.)  Made  up  of  terms  involving  different powers of the
     unknown quantity; adfected; as, an affected equation.

                                  Affectedly

     Af*fect"ed*ly, adv.

     1.  In  an  affected  manner;  hypocritically;  with more show than
     reality.

     2. Lovingly; with tender care. [Obs.] Shak.

                                 Affectedness

     Af*fect"ed*ness, n. Affectation.

                                   Affecter

     Af*fect"er  (#),  n. One who affects, assumes, pretends, or strives
     after. "Affecters of wit." Abp. Secker.

                                 Affectibility

     Af*fect`i*bil"i*ty   (#),   n.   The  quality  or  state  of  being
     affectible. [R.]

                                   Affectibl

     Af*fect"i*bl (#), a. That may be affected. [R.]

     Lay  aside  the absolute, and, by union with the creaturely, become
     affectible. Coleridge.

                                   Affecting

     Af*fect"ing, a.

     1.  Moving  the  emotions; fitted to excite the emotions; pathetic;
     touching; as, an affecting address; an affecting sight.

     The most affecting music is generally the most simple.

     2. Affected; given to false show. [Obs.]

     A drawling; affecting rouge. Shak.

                                  Affectingly

     Af*fect"ing*ly  (#),  adv.  In  an affecting manner; is a manner to
     excite emotions.

                                   Affection

     Af*fec"tion  (#),  n. [F. affection, L. affectio, fr. afficere. See
     Affect.]

     1.  The  act  of  affecting  or  acting  upon;  the  state of being
     affected.

     2.  An  attribute;  a  quality  or  property; a condition; a bodily
     state;  as,  figure,  weight, etc. , are affections of bodies. "The
     affections of quantity." Boyle.

     And,  truly,  waking  dreams were, more or less, An old and strange
     affection of the house. Tennyson.

     3.  Bent  of  mind; a feeling or natural impulse or natural impulse
     acting  upon  and swaying the mind; any emotion; as, the benevolent
     affections,  esteem,  gratitude,  etc. ; the malevolent affections,
     hatred, envy, etc.; inclination; disposition; propensity; tendency.

     Affection  is  applicable  to  an  unpleasant as well as a pleasant
     state of the mind, when impressed by any object or quality. Cogan.

     4.  A  settled  good  will;  kind  feeling; love; zealous or tender
     attachment;  --  often  in the pl. Formerly followed by to, but now
     more  generally  by for or towards; as, filial, social, or conjugal
     affections; to have an affection for or towards children.

     All his affections are set on his own country. Macaulay.

     5. Prejudice; bias. [Obs.] Bp. Aylmer.

     6.   (Med.)  Disease;  morbid  symptom;  malady;  as,  a  pulmonary
     affection. Dunglison.

     7. The lively representation of any emotion. Wotton.

     8. Affectation. [Obs.] "Spruce affection." Shak. 

     9. Passion; violent emotion. [Obs.]

     Most  wretched  man,  That  to  affections  does  the  bridle lend.
     Spenser.

     Syn.  -- Attachment; passion; tenderness; fondness; kindness; love;
     good will. See Attachment; Disease.

                                  Affectional

     Af*fec"tion*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining to the affections; as,
     affectional impulses; an affectional nature.

                                 Affectionate

     Af*fec"tion*ate (#), a. [Cf. F. affectionn\'82.]

     1.   Having   affection  or  warm  regard;  loving;  fond;  as,  an
     affectionate brother.

     2. Kindly inclined; zealous. [Obs.] Johson.

     Man,  in  his  love God, and desire to please him, can never be too
     affectionate. Sprat.

     3.  Proceeding  from  affection;  indicating  love; tender; as, the
     affectionate  care  of a parent; affectionate countenance, message,
     language.

     4.  Strongly  inclined;  --  with to. [Obs.] Bacon. Syn. -- Tender;
     attached; loving; devoted; warm; fond; earnest; ardent.

                                 Affectionated

     Af*fec"tion*a`ted, a. Disposed; inclined. [Obs.]

     Affectionated to the people. Holinshed.

                                Affectionately

     Af*fec"tion*ate*ly,   adv.   With   affection;   lovingly;  fondly;
     tenderly; kindly.

                               Affectionateness

     Af*fec"tion*ate*ness,   n.   The  quality  of  being  affectionate;
     fondness; affection.

                                  Affectioned

     Af*fec"tioned (#), a.

     1. Disposed. [Archaic]

     Be kindly affectioned one to another. Rom. xii. 10.

     2. Affected; conceited. [Obs.] Shak.

                                   Affective

     Af*fec"tive (#), a. [Cf. F. affectif.]

     1. Tending to affect; affecting. [Obs.] Burnet.

     2.  Pertaining  to  or  exciting  emotion;  affectional; emotional.
     Rogers.

                                  Affectively

     Af*fec"tive*ly,   adv.   In   an  affective  manner;  impressively;
     emotionally.

                                  Affectuous

     Af*fec"tu*ous  (?;  135), a. [L. affectuous: cf. F. affectueux. See
     Affect.]   Full   of   passion   or  emotion;  earnest.  [Obs.]  --
     Af*fec"tu*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.] Fabyan.

                                    Affeer

     Af*feer" (#), v. t. [OF. aforer, afeurer, to tax, appraise, assess,
     fr.  L.  ad  +  forum market, court of justice, in LL. also meaning
     pri.]

     1. To confirm; to assure. [Obs.] "The title is affeered." Shak.

     2.  (Old  Law)  To  assess  or  reduce,  as an arbitrary penalty or
     amercement, to a certain and reasonable sum.

     Amercements . . . were affeered by the judges. Blackstone.

                              Affeerer, Affeeror

     Af*feer"er  (#),  Af*feer"or  (#), n. [OF. aforeur, LL. afforator.]
     (Old Law) One who affeers. Cowell.

                                  Affeerment

     Af*feer"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  OF.  aforement.] (Old Law) The act of
     affeering. Blackstone.

                                   Afferent

     Af"fer*ent  (#),  a. [L. afferens, p. pr. of afferre; ad + ferre to
     bear.] (Physiol.) Bearing or conducting inwards to a part or organ;
     --  opposed  to  efferent;  as,  afferent vessels; afferent nerves,
     which convey sensations from the external organs to the brain.

                                  Affettuoso

     Af*fet`tu*o"so (#), adv. [It.] (Mus.) With feeling.

                                   Affiance

     Af*fi"ance  (#),  n.  [OE. afiaunce trust, confidence, OF. afiance,
     fr.  afier  to  trust,  fr.  LL.  affidare to trust; ad + fidare to
     trust,  fr.  L.  fides  faith.  See Faith, and cf. Affidavit, Affy,
     Confidence.]

     1. Plighted faith; marriage contract or promise.

     2. Trust; reliance; faith; confidence.

     Such  feelings  promptly  yielded  to  his habitual affiance in the
     divine love. Sir J. Stephen.

     Lancelot,  my  Lancelot,  thou  in  whom  I  have Most joy and most
     affiance. Tennyson.

                                   Affiance

     Af*fi"ance, v. t. [imp. Affianced (#); p. pr. Affiancing (#).] [Cf.
     OF. afiancier, fr. afiance.]

     1.  To  betroth; to pledge one's faith to for marriage, or solemnly
     promise (one's self or another) in marriage.

     To me, sad maid, he was affianced. Spenser.

     2. To assure by promise. [Obs.] Pope.

                                   Affiancer

     Af*fi"an*cer  (#),  n. One who makes a contract of marriage between
     two persons.

                                    Affiant

     Af*fi"ant  (#),  n.  [From  p.  pr. of OF. afier, LL. affidare. See
     Affidavit.] (Law) One who makes an affidavit. [U. S.] Burrill. Syn.
     -- Deponent. See Deponent.

                                   Affidavit

     Af`fi*da"vit (#), n. [LL. affidavit he has made oath, perfect tense
     of  affidare.  See  Affiance,  Affy.]  (Law)  A  sworn statement in
     writing; a declaration in writing, signed and made upon oath before
     an authorized magistrate. Bouvier. Burrill.

     NOTE: &hand; It   is   al  ways ma  de ex   pa  rte, an  d wi thout
     cross-examination,  and  in  this  differs from a deposition. It is
     also applied to written statements made on affirmation.

     Syn. -- Deposition. See Deposition.

                                    Affile

     Af*file"  (#), v. t. [OF. afiler, F. affiler, to sharpen; a (L. ad)
     + fil thread, edge.] To polish. [Obs.]

                                  Affiliable

     Af*fil"i*a*ble  (#),  a.  Capable  of being affiliated to or on, or
     connected with in origin.

                                   Affiliate

     Af*fil"i*ate  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affiliated (#); p. pr. & vb.
     n. Affiliating (#).] [LL. adfiliare, affiliare, to adopt as son; ad
     + filius son: cf. F. affilier.]

     1.  To adopt; to receive into a family as a son; hence, to bring or
     receive into close connection; to ally.

     Is the soul affiliated to God, or is it estranged and in rebellion?
     I. Taylor.

     2.  To  fix the paternity of; -- said of an illegitimate child; as,
     to  affiliate  the  child  to  (or  on or upon) one man rather than
     another.

     3. To connect in the way of descent; to trace origin to.

     How  do  these  facts tend to affiliate the faculty of hearing upon
     the aboriginal vegetative processes? H. Spencer.

     4.  To  attach (to) or unite (with); to receive into a society as a
     member,  and  initiate into its mysteries, plans, etc.; -- followed
     by to or with.

     Affiliated societies

     , societies connected with a central society, or with each other.

                                   Affiliate

     Af*fil"i*ate, v. i. To connect or associate one's self; -- followed
     by with; as, they affiliate with no party.

                                  Affiliation

     Af*fil`i*a"tion (#), n. [F. affiliation, LL. affiliatio.]

     1. Adoption; association or reception as a member in or of the same
     family or society.

     2.  (Law)  The  establishment  or  ascertaining  of  parentage; the
     assignment of a child, as a bastard, to its father; filiation.

     3. Connection in the way of descent. H. Spencer.

                                    Affinal

     Af*fi"nal  (#), a. [L. affinis.] Related by marriage; from the same
     source.

                                    Affine

     Af*fine"  (#), v. t. [F. affiner to refine; (L. ad) + fin fine. See
     Fine.] To refine. [Obs.] Holland.

                                    Affined

     Af*fined" (#), a. [OF. afin\'82 related, p. p., fr. LL. affinare to
     join,  fr. L. affinis neighboring, related to; ad + finis boundary,
     limit.]  Joined  in affinity or by any tie. [Obs.] "All affined and
     kin." Shak.

                                 Affinitative

     Af*fin"i*ta*tive   (#),   a.   Of   the   nature  of  affinity.  --
     Af*fin"i*ta*tive*ly, adv.

                                  Affinitive

     Af*fin"i*tive, a. Closely connected, as by affinity.

                                   Affinity

     Af*fin"i*ty   (#),  n.;  pl.  Affinities(#).  [OF.  afinit\'82,  F.
     affinit\'82, L. affinites, fr. affinis. See Affined.]

     1.  Relationship  by  marriage (as between a husband and his wife's
     blood  relations,  or  between  a  wife  and  her  husband's  blood
     relations);   --   in   contradistinction   to   consanguinity,  or
     relationship by blood; -- followed by with, to, or between.

     Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh. 1 Kings iii. 1.

     2.   Kinship  generally;  close  agreement;  relation;  conformity;
     resemblance;  connection; as, the affinity of sounds, of colors, or
     of languages.

     There  is  a close affinity between imposture and credulity. Sir G.
     C. Lewis.

     2. Companionship; acquaintance. [Obs.]

     About  forty  years  past,  I  began  a happy affinity with William
     Cranmer. Burton.

     4.  (Chem.)  That  attraction  which  takes place, at an insensible
     distance, between the heterogeneous particles of bodies, and unites
     them  to  form  chemical  compounds;  chemism; chemical or elective
     affinity or attraction.

     5. (Nat. Hist.) A relation between species or highe

     6.  (Spiritualism)  A superior spiritual relationship or attraction
     held  to  exist  sometimes  between  persons,  esp.  persons of the
     opposite  sex;  also, the man or woman who exerts such psychical or
     spiritual attraction.

                                    Affirm

     Af*firm"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Affirmed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
     Affirming.]  [OE. affermen, OF. afermer, F. affirmer, affermir, fr.
     L. affirmare; ad + firmare to make firm, firmus firm. See Firm.]

     1.  To  make  firm; to confirm, or ratify; esp. (Law), to assert or
     confirm,  as  a  judgment,  decree,  or  order,  brought  before an
     appelate court for review.

     2.  To  assert  positively;  to  tell  with confidence; to aver; to
     maintain as true; -- opposed to deny.

     Jesus, . . . whom Paul affirmed to be alive. Acts xxv. 19.

     3.  (Law) To declare, as a fact, solemnly, under judicial sanction.
     See  Affirmation,  4. Syn. -- To assert; aver; declare; asseverate;
     assure;  pronounce; protest; avouch; confirm; establish; ratify. --
     To  Affirm,  Asseverate, Aver, Protest. We affirm when we declare a
     thing  as a fact or a proposition. We asseverate it in a peculiarly
     earnest  manner,  or with increased positiveness as what can not be
     disputed.  We  aver  it, or formally declare it to be true, when we
     have  positive  knowledge of it. We protest in a more public manner
     and  with  the  energy  of  perfect sincerity. People asseverate in
     order  to  produce  a  conviction of their veracity; they aver when
     they are peculiarly desirous to be believed; they protest when they
     wish   to  free  themselves  from  imputations,  or  to  produce  a
     conviction of their innocence.

                                    Affirm

     Af*firm", v. i.

     1. To declare or assert positively.

     Not  that  I  so  affirm,  though  so it seem To thee, who hast thy
     dwelling here on earth. Milton.

     2.  (Law)  To  make  a  solemn  declaration,  before  an authorized
     magistrate  or tribunal, under the penalties of perjury; to testify
     by affirmation.

                                  Affirmable

     Af*firm"a*ble  (#),  a.  Capable  of  being  affirmed, asserted, or
     declared;  --  followed by of; as, an attribute affirmable of every
     just man.

                                  Affirmance

     Af*firm"ance (#), n. [Cf. OF. afermance.]

     1. Confirmation; ratification; confirmation of a voidable act.

     This statute . . . in affirmance of the common law. Bacon.

     2. A strong declaration; affirmation. Cowper.
       ______________________________________________________________

     Page 29

                                   Affirmant

     Af*firm"ant (#), n. [L. affirmans, -antis, p. pr. See Affirm.]

     1. One who affirms or asserts.

     2. (Law) One who affirms of taking an oath.

                                  Affirmation

     Af`fir*ma"tion (#), n. [L. affirmatio: cf. F. affirmation.]

     1.  Confirmation  of  anything  established;  ratification; as, the
     affirmation of a law. Hooker.

     2. The act of affirming or asserting as true; assertion; -- opposed
     to negation or denial.

     3.  That  which  is  asserted;  an  assertion;  a  positive  as, an
     affirmation,  by  the  vender, of title to property sold, or of its
     quality.

     4.  (Law) A solemn declaration made under the penalties of perjury,
     by  persons  who  conscientiously  decline  taking  an  oath, which
     declaration is in law equivalent to an oath. Bouvier.

                                  Affirmative

     Af*firm"a*tive (#), a. [L. affirmativus: cf. F. affirmatif.]

     1. Confirmative; ratifying; as, an act affirmative of common law.

     2. That affirms; asserting that the fact is so; declaratory of what
     exists;  answering "yes" to a question; -- opposed to negative; as,
     an affirmative answer; an affirmative vote.

     3. Positive; dogmatic. [Obs.] J. Taylor.

     Lysicles was a little by the affirmative air of Crito. Berkeley.

     4.  (logic)  Expressing  the  agreement  of  the  two  terms  of  a
     proposition.

     5. (Alg.) Positive; -- a term applied to quantities which are to be
     added, and opposed to negative, or such as are to be subtracted.

                                  Affirmative

     Af*firm"a*tive, n.

     1.  That  which  affirms  as  opposed  to  that  which  denies;  an
     affirmative  proposition;  that  side  of question which affirms or
     maintains the proposition stated; -- opposed to negative; as, there
     were forty votes in the affirmative, and ten in the negative.

     Whether  there  are  such  beings  or  not, 't is sufficient for my
     purpose that many have believed the affirmative. Dryden.

     2. A word or phrase expressing affirmation or assent; as, yes, that
     is so, etc.

                                 Affirmatively

     Af*firm"a*tive*ly,   adv.   In   an   affirmative  manner;  on  the
     affirmative  side  of a question; in the affirmative; -- opposed to
     negatively.

                                  Affirmatory

     Af*firm"a*to*ry (#), a. Giving affirmation; assertive; affirmative.
     Massey.

                                   Affirmer

     Af*firm"er (#), n. One who affirms.

                                     Affix

     Af*fix"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Affixed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
     Affixing.]  [LL.  affixare, L. affixus, p. p. of affigere to fasten
     to;  ad  +  figere  to  fasten:  cf.  OE.  affichen,  F.  afficher,
     ultimately fr. L. affigere. See Fix.]

     1.  To subjoin, annex, or add at the close or end; to append to; to
     fix  to  any part of; as, to affix a syllable to a word; to affix a
     seal to an instrument; to affix one's name to a writing.

     2. To fix or fasten in any way; to attach physically.

     Should  they  [caterpillars]  affix  them  to the leaves of a plant
     improper for their food. Ray.

     3.  To  attach, unite, or connect with; as, names affixed to ideas,
     or ideas affixed to things; to affix a stigma to a person; to affix
     ridicule or blame to any one.

     4.  To  fix  or  fasten  figuratively; -- with on or upon; as, eyes
     affixed  upon  the  ground.  [Obs.]  Spenser.  Syn.  --  To attach;
     subjoin; connect; annex; unite.

                                     Affix

     Af"fix  (#),  n.;  pl. Affixes (#). [L. affixus, p. p. of affigere:
     cf.  F.  affixe.]  That which is affixed; an appendage; esp. one or
     more  letters  or syllables added at the end of a word; a suffix; a
     postfix.

                                   Affixion

     Af*fix"ion (#), n. [L. affixio, fr. affigere.] Affixture. [Obs.] T.
     Adams.

                                   Affixture

     Af*fix"ture (?; 135), n. The act of affixing, or the state of being
     affixed; attachment.

                                   Afflation

     Af*fla"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  afflatus,  p.  p. of afflare to blow or
     breathe  on;  ad  +  flare  to  blow.]  A  blowing or breathing on;
     inspiration.

                                   Afflatus

     Af*fla"tus (#), n. [L., fr. afflare. See Afflation.]

     1. A breath or blast of wind.

     2.   A  divine  impartation  of  knowledge;  supernatural  impulse;
     inspiration.

     A  poet  writing  against his genius will be like a prophet without
     his afflatus. Spence.

                                    Afflict

     Af*flict"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Afflicted; p. pr. & vb. n.
     Afflicting.] [L. afflictus, p. p. of affigere to cast down, deject;
     ad  +  fligere  to  strike:  cf.  OF.  aflit,  afflict,  p.  p. Cf.
     Flagellate.]

     1.  To  strike or cast down; to overthrow. [Obs.] "Reassembling our
     afflicted powers." Milton.

     2.  To  inflict  some  great injury or hurt upon, causing continued
     pain or mental distress; to trouble grievously; to torment.

     They  did  set  over  them  taskmasters  to afflict them with their
     burdens. Exod. i. 11.

     That which was the worst now least afflicts me. Milton.

     3. To make low or humble. [Obs.] Spenser.

     Men are apt to prefer a prosperous error before an afflicted truth.
     Jer. Taylor.

     Syn. -- To trouble; grieve; pain; distress; harass; torment; wound;
     hurt.

                                    Afflict

     Af*flict",  p.  p.  &  a.  [L.  afflictus, p. p.] Afflicted. [Obs.]
     Becon.

                                 Afflictedness

     Af*flict"ed*ness,  n.  The  state  of  being afflicted; affliction.
     [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

                                   Afflicter

     Af*flict"er (#), n. One who afflicts.

                                  Afflicting

     Af*flict"ing,  a.  Grievously painful; distressing; afflictive; as,
     an afflicting event. -- Af*flict"ing*ly, adv.

                                  Affliction

     Af*flic"tion (#), n. [F. affliction, L. afflictio, fr. affligere.]

     1.  The  cause  of  continued  pain  of  body or mind, as sickness,
     losses, etc.; an instance of grievous distress; a pain or grief.

     To repay that money will be a biting affliction. Shak.

     2.  The  state  of  being  afflicted; a state of pain, distress, or
     grief.

     Some virtues are seen only in affliction. Addison.

     Syn. -- Calamity; sorrow; distress; grief; pain; adversity; misery;
     wretchedness; misfortune; trouble; hardship. -- Affliction, Sorrow,
     Grief,  Distress.  Affliction  and  sorrow  are  terms  of wide and
     general   application;   grief   and  distress  have  reference  to
     particular  cases.  Affliction  is the stronger term. The suffering
     lies  deeper  in  the  soul,  and usually arises from some powerful
     cause,  such  as  the loss of what is most dear -- friends, health,
     etc.  We  do not speak of mere sickness or pain as "an affliction,"
     though  one  who  suffers  from either is said to be afflicted; but
     deprivations  of  every  kind, such as deafness, blindness, loss of
     limbs,  etc.,  are  called  afflictions,  showing that term applies
     particularly  to  prolonged  sources of suffering. Sorrow and grief
     are  much  alike  in meaning, but grief is the stronger term of the
     two,  usually  denoting poignant mental suffering for some definite
     cause,  as,  grief  for  the death of a dear friend; sorrow is more
     reflective,  and  is  tinged  with  regret, as, the misconduct of a
     child  is  looked  upon  with  sorrow.  Grief  is often violent and
     demonstrative;  sorrow  deep and brooding. Distress implies extreme
     suffering,  either  bodily  or  mental.  In  its  higher stages, it
     denotes  pain  of  a  restless,  agitating  kind, and almost always
     supposes  some  struggle  of  mind  or body. Affliction is allayed,
     grief subsides, sorrow is soothed, distress is mitigated.

                                Afflictionless

     Af*flic"tion*less (#), a. Free from affliction.

                                  Afflictive

     Af*flic"tive  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  afflictif.]  Giving pain; causing
     continued   or   repeated   pain  or  grief;  distressing.  "Jove's
     afflictive hand." Pope.

     Spreads slow disease, and darts afflictive pain. Prior.

                                 Afflictively

     Af*flic"tive*ly, adv. In an afflictive manner.

                                   Affluence

     Af"flu*ence  (#), n. [F. affluence, L. affluentia, fr. affluens, p.
     pr. of affluere to flow to; ad + fluere to flow. See Flux.]

     1. A flowing to or towards; a concourse; an influx.

     The affluence of young nobles from hence into Spain. Wotton.

     There is an unusual affluence of strangers this year. Carlyle.

     2.  An  abundant  supply,  as  of  thought,  words, feelings, etc.;
     profusion; also, abundance of property; wealth.

     And old age of elegance, affluence, and ease. Coldsmith.

     Syn.  --  Abundance; riches; profusion; exuberance; plenty; wealth;
     opulence.

                                   Affluency

     Af"flu*en*cy (#), n. Affluence. [Obs.] Addison.

                                   Affluent

     Af"flu*ent  (#),  a.  [Cf. F. affluent, L. affluens, -entis, p. pr.
     See Affluence.]

     1. Flowing to; flowing abundantly. "Affluent blood." Harvey.

     2. Abundant; copious; plenteous; hence, wealthy; abounding in goods
     or riches.

     Language . . . affluent in expression. H. Reed.

     Loaded  and  blest with all the affluent store, Which human vows at
     smoking shrines implore. Prior.

                                   Affluent

     Af"flu*ent,  n.  A  stream  or river flowing into a larger river or
     into a lake; a tributary stream.

                                  Affluently

     Af"flu*ent*ly, adv. Abundantly; copiously.

                                 Affluentness

     Af*flu*ent*ness, n. Great plenty. [R.]

                                    Afflux

     Af"flux`  (#),  n.  [L. affluxum, p. p. of affluere: cf. F. afflux.
     See  Affluence.]  A  flowing  towards;  that which flows to; as, an
     afflux of blood to the head.

                                   Affluxion

     Af*flux"ion  (#),  n.  The  act  of flowing towards; afflux. Sir T.
     Browne.

                                   Affodill

     Af"fo*dill (#), n. Asphodel. [Obs.]

                                    Afforce

     Af*force" (#), v. t. [OF. afforcier, LL. affortiare; ad + fortiare,
     fr. L. fortis strong.] To re\'89nforce; to strengthen. Hallam.

                                  Afforcement

     Af*force"ment (#), n. [OF.]

     1. A fortress; a fortification for defense. [Obs.] Bailey.

     2. A re\'89nforcement; a strengthening. Hallam.

                                 Afforciament

     Af*for"ci*a*ment (#), n. See Afforcement. [Obs.]

                                    Afford

     Af*ford"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Afforded; p. pr. & vb. n.
     Affording.]  [OE. aforthen, AS. gefor, for, to further, accomplish,
     afford,  fr. for forth, forward. The prefix ge- has no well defined
     sense. See Forth.]

     1.  To  give  forth;  to  supply,  yield, or produce as the natural
     result, fruit, or issue; as, grapes afford wine; olives afford oil;
     the  earth  affords  fruit;  the  sea affords an abundant supply of
     fish.

     2. To give, grant, or confer, with a remoter reference to its being
     the natural result; to provide; to furnish; as, a good life affords
     consolation in old age.

     His tuneful Muse affords the sweetest numbers. Addison.

     The quiet lanes . . . afford calmer retreats. Gilpin.

     3.   To  offer,  provide,  or  supply,  as  in  selling,  granting,
     expending,  with profit, or without loss or too great injury; as, A
     affords  his goods cheaper than B; a man can afford a sum yearly in
     charity.

     4.  To  incur,  stand, or bear without serious detriment, as an act
     which  might  under  other  circumstances  be injurious; -- with an
     auxiliary, as can, could, might, etc.; to be able or rich enough.

     The merchant can afford to trade for smaller profits. Hamilton.

     He   could  afford  to  suffer  With  those  whom  he  saw  suffer.
     Wordsworth.

                                  Affordable

     Af*ford"a*ble (#), a. That may be afforded.

                                  Affordment

     Af*ford"ment (#), n. Anything given as a help; bestowal. [Obs.]

                                   Afforest

     Af*for"est  (#),  v.  t.  [LL.  afforestare;  ad  +  forestare. See
     Forest.]  To  convert  into  a  forest;  as, to afforest a tract of
     country.

                                 Afforestation

     Af*for`es*ta"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of converting into forest or
     woodland. Blackstone.

                                  Afformative

     Af*form"a*tive (#), n. An affix.

                                  Affranchise

     Af*fran"chise  (#), v. t. [F. affranchir; (L. ad) + franc free. See
     Franchise and Frank.] To make free; to enfranchise. Johnson.

                                Affranchisement

     Af*fran"chise*ment  (#),  n.  [Cf. F. affranchissement.] The act of
     making free; enfranchisement. [R.]

                                    Affrap

     Af*frap"  (#),  v.  t.  & i. [Cf. It. affrappare, frappare, to cut,
     mince,  F. frapper to strike. See Frap.] To strike, or strike down.
     [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Affray

     Af*fray"  (#),  v. t. [p. p. Affrayed.] [OE. afraien, affraien, OF.
     effreer, esfreer, F. effrayer, orig. to disquiet, put out of peace,
     fr.  L.  ex + OHG. fridu peace (akin to E. free). Cf. Afraid, Fray,
     Frith inclosure.] [Archaic]

     1. To startle from quiet; to alarm.

     Smale  foules a great heap That had afrayed [affrayed] me out of my
     sleep. Chaucer.

     2. To frighten; to scare; to frighten away.

     That voice doth us affray. Shak.

                                    Affray

     Af*fray" (#), n. [OE. afrai, affrai, OF. esfrei, F. effroi, fr. OF.
     esfreer. See Affray, v. t.]

     1.  The  act  of suddenly disturbing any one; an assault or attack.
     [Obs.]

     2. Alarm; terror; fright. [Obs.] Spenser.

     3.  A  tumultuous assault or quarrel; a brawl; a fray. "In the very
     midst of the affray." Motley.

     4. (Law) The fighting of two or more persons, in a public place, to
     the terror of others. Blackstone.

     NOTE: &hand; A  fi ghting in  pr ivate is not, in a legal sense, an
     affray.

     Syn.  --  Quarrel; brawl; scuffle; encounter; fight; contest; feud;
     tumult; disturbance.

                                   Affrayer

     Af*fray"er (#), n. One engaged in an affray.

                                  Affrayment

     Af*fray"ment (#), n. Affray. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                   Affreight

     Af*freight"  (#),  v.  t. [Pref. ad- + freight: cf. F. affr\'82ter.
     See  Freight.]  To hire, as a ship, for the transportation of goods
     or freight.

                                  Affreighter

     Af*freight"er  (#),  n.  One who hires or charters a ship to convey
     goods.

                                 Affreightment

     Af*freight"ment (#), n. [Cf. F. affr\'82tement.] The act of hiring,
     or  the  contract  for the use of, a vessel, or some part of it, to
     convey cargo.

                                    Affret

     Af*fret"  (#),  n.  [Cf. It. affrettare to hasten, fretta haste.] A
     furious onset or attack. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                  Affriction

     Af*fric"tion  (#),  n.  [L. affricare to rub on. See Friction.] The
     act of rubbing against. [Obs.]

                                  Affriended

     Af*friend"ed  (#),  p.  p. Made friends; reconciled. [Obs.] "Deadly
     foes . . . affriended." Spenser.

                                   Affright

     Af*fright"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Affrighted; p. pr. & vb. n.
     Affrighting.]  [Orig.  p.  p.;  OE.  afright,  AS.  \'befyrhtan  to
     terrify;  \'be-  (cf.  Goth.  us-,  Ger.  er-, orig. meaning out) +
     fyrhto  fright.  See  Fright.]  To  impress  with  sudden  fear; to
     frighten; to alarm.

     Dreams affright our souls. Shak.

     A  drear  and  dying  sound  Affrights the flamens at their service
     quaint. Milton.

     Syn.  --  To  terrify;  frighten;  alarm;  dismay;  appall;  scare;
     startle; daunt; intimidate.

                                   Affright

     Af*fright", p. a. Affrighted. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Affright

     Af*fright", n.

     1.   Sudden  and  great  fear;  terror.  It  expresses  a  stronger
     impression than fear, or apprehension, perhaps less than terror.

     He  looks  behind  him  with  affright,  and  forward with despair.
     Goldsmith.

     2.  The  act  of frightening; also, a cause of terror; an object of
     dread. B. Jonson.

                                 Affrightedly

     Af*fright"ed*ly, adv. With fright. Drayton.

                                  Affrighten

     Af*fright"en  (#), v. t. To frighten. [Archaic] "Fit tales . . . to
     affrighten babes." Southey.

                                  Affrighter

     Af*fright"er (#), n. One who frightens. [Archaic]

                                  Affrightful

     Af*fright"ful  (#),  a. Terrifying; frightful. -- Af*fright"ful*ly,
     adv. [Archaic]

     Bugbears or affrightful apparitions. Cudworth.

                                 Affrightment

     Af*fright"ment  (#),  n.  Affright;  the state of being frightened;
     sudden fear or alarm. [Archaic]

     Passionate  words  or blows . . . fill the child's mind with terror
     and affrightment. Locke.

                                    Affront

     Af*front"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Affronted; p. pr. & vb. n.
     Affronting.]   [OF.   afronter,  F.  affronter,  to  confront,  LL.
     affrontare  to  strike  against, fr. L. ad + frons forehead, front.
     See Front.]

     1.  To  front;  to  face  in position; to meet or encounter face to
     face. [Obs.]

     All the sea-coasts do affront the Levant. Holland.

     That he, as 't were by accident, may here Affront Ophelia. Shak.

     2.  To  face  in  defiance;  to  confront;  as, to confront; as, to
     affront death; hence, to meet in hostile encounter. [Archaic]

     3.  To offend by some manifestation of disrespect; to insult to the
     face by demeanor or language; to treat with marked incivility.

     How  can  any  one  imagine  that  the  fathers would have dared to
     affront the wife of Aurelius? Addison.

     Syn.  --  TO insult; abuse; outrage; wound; illtreat; slight; defy;
     offend; provoke; pique; nettle.

                                    Affront

     Af*front", n. [Cf. F. affront, fr. affronter.]

     1. An encounter either friendly or hostile. [Obs.]

     I walked about, admired of all, and dreaded On hostile ground, none
     daring my affront. Milton.

     2.  Contemptuous  or  rude  treatment  which  excites  or justifies
     resentment; marked disrespect; a purposed indignity; insult.

     Offering an affront to our understanding. Addison.

     3.  An  offense  to  one's  self-respect; shame. Arbuthnot. Syn. --
     Affront,  Insult,  Outrage.  An  affront  is  a  designed  mark  of
     disrespect,  usually  in  the  presence  of  others. An insult is a
     personal  attack  either by words or actions, designed to humiliate
     or  degrade.  An outrage is an act of extreme and violent insult or
     abuse.  An  affront  piques  and mortifies; an insult irritates and
     provokes; an outrage wounds and injures.

     Captious  persons  construe every innocent freedom into an affront.
     When people are in a state of animosity, they seek opportunities of
     offering each other insults. Intoxication or violent passion impels
     men to the commission of outrages. Crabb.

                                  Affront\'82

     Af*fron*t\'82" (#), a. [F. affront\'82, p. p.] (Her.) Face to face,
     or front to front; facing.

                                  Affrontedly

     Af*front"ed*ly (#), adv. Shamelessly. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                   Affrontee

     Af*fron*tee", n. One who receives an affront. Lytton.

                                   Affronter

     Af*front"er (#), n. One who affronts, or insults to the face.

                                 Affrontingly

     Af*front"ing*ly, adv. In an affronting manner.

                                  Affrontive

     Af*front"ive  (#),  a.  Tending  to  affront  or offend; offensive;
     abusive.

     How affrontive it is to despise mercy. South.
       ______________________________________________________________

     Page 30

                                Affrontiveness

     Af*front"ive*ness  (#),  n.  The  quality  that gives an affront or
     offense. [R.] Bailey.

                                    Affuse

     Af*fuse"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Affused (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
     Affusing  (#).]  [L.  affusus,  p. p. of affundere to pour to; ad +
     fundere. See Fuse.] To pour out or upon. [R.]

     I first affused water upon the compressed beans. Boyle.

                                   Affusion

     Af*fu"sion  (#),  n. [Cf. F. affusion.] The act of pouring upon, or
     sprinkling  with  a  liquid,  as  water  upon  a  child in baptism.
     Specifically:  (Med) The act of pouring water or other fluid on the
     whole or a part of the body, as a remedy in disease. Dunglison.

                                     Affy

     Af*fy"  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affied (#); p. pr. Affying.] [OF.
     afier, LL. affidare. Cf. Affiance.]

     1. To confide (one's self to, or in); to trust. [Obs.]

     2. To betroth or espouse; to affiance. [Obs.] Shak.

     3. To bind in faith. [Obs.] Bp. Montagu.

                                     Affy

     Af*fy", v. i. To trust or confide. [Obs.] Shak.

                                    Afghan

     Af"ghan (#), a. Of or pertaining to Afghanistan.

                                    Afghan

     Af"ghan, n.

     1. A native of Afghanistan.

     2. A kind of worsted blanket or wrap.

                                    Afield

     A*field" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + field.]

     1. To, in, or on the field. "We drove afield." Milton.

     How jocund did they drive their team afield! Gray.

     2. Out of the way; astray.

     Why should he wander afield at the age of fifty-five! Trollope.

                                     Afire

     A*fire" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + fire.] On fire.

                                    Aflame

     A*flame"  (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + flame.] Inflames; glowing with
     light or passion; ablaze. G. Eliot.

                                     Aflat

     A*flat"  (#),  adv. [Pref. a- + flat.] Level with the ground; flat.
     [Obs.] Bacon.

                                    Aflaunt

     A*flaunt"  (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + flaunt.] In a flaunting state
     or position. Copley.

                                   Aflicker

     A*flick"er  (#),  adv.  &  a. [Pref. a- + flicker.] In a flickering
     state.

                                    Afloat

     A*float" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + float.]

     1. Borne on the water; floating; on board ship.

     On such a full sea are we now afloat. Shak.

     2. Moving; passing from place to place; in general circulation; as,
     a rumor is afloat.

     3.  Unfixed;  moving  without  guide  or  control;  adrift; as, our
     affairs are all afloat.

                                     Aflow

     A*flow" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + flow.] Flowing.

     Their founts aflow with tears. R. Browning.

                                    Aflush

     A*flush"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref. a- + flush, n.] In a flushed or
     blushing state.

                                    Aflush

     A*flush", adv. & a. [Pref. a- + flush, a.] On a level.

     The bank is . . . aflush with the sea. Swinburne.

                                   Aflutter

     A*flut"ter  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref.  a- + flutter.] In a flutter;
     agitated.

                                     Afoam

     A*foam"  (#),  adv. & a. [Pref. a- + foam.] In a foaming state; as,
     the sea is all afoam.

                                     Afoot

     A*foot" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + foot.]

     1. On foot.

     We 'll walk afoot a while. Shak.

     2. Fig.: In motion; in action; astir; in progress.

     The matter being afoot. Shak.

                                     Afore

     A*fore"  (#),  adv.  [OE.  afore, aforn, AS. onforan or \'91tforan;
     pref. a- + fore.]

     1. Before. [Obs.]

     If he have never drunk wine afore. Shak.

     2. (Naut.) In the fore part of a vessel.

                                     Afore

     A*fore", prep.

     1. Before (in all its senses). [Archaic]

     2. (Naut.) Before; in front of; farther forward than; as, afore the
     windlass.

   Afore  the  mast,  among  the  common  sailors;  --  a  phrase used to
   distinguish the ship's crew from the officers.

                                  Aforecited

   A*fore"cit`ed (#), a. Named or quoted before.

                                  Aforegoing

   A*fore"go`ing (#), a. Go\'c6ng before; foregoing.

                                   Aforehand

   A*fore"hand` (#) adv. Beforehand; in anticipation. [Archaic or Dial.]

     She is come aforehand to anoint my body. Mark xiv. 8.

                                   Aforehand

   A*fore"hand`,   a.   Prepared;  previously  provided;  --  opposed  to
   behindhand. [Archaic or Dial.]

     Aforehand in all matters of power. Bacon.

                                Aforementioned

     A*fore"men`tioned  (#),  a. Previously mentioned; before-mentioned.
     Addison.

                                  Aforenamed

     A*fore"named` (#), a. Named before. Peacham.

                                   Aforesaid

     A*fore"said`  (#),  a. Said before, or in a preceding part; already
     described or identified.

                                 Aforethought

     A*fore"thought` (#), a. Premeditated; prepense; previously in mind;
     designed;  as, malice aforethought, which is required to constitute
     murder. Bouvier.

                                 Aforethought

     A*fore"thought`, n. Premeditation.

                                   Aforetime

     A*fore"time`  (#), adv. In time past; formerly. "He prayed . . . as
     he did aforetime." Dan. vi. 10.

                                  A fortiori

     A for`ti*o"ri (#). [L.] (Logic & Math.) With stronger reason.

                                     Afoul

     A*foul"  (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + foul.] In collision; entangled.
     Totten.

   To  run  afoul  of,  to  run  against  or  come  into  collision with,
   especially so as to become entangled or to cause injury.

                                    Afraid

   A*fraid"  (#),  p.  a.  [OE.  afrayed,  affraide,  p. p. of afraien to
   affray.   See   Affray,  and  cf.  Afeard.]  Impressed  with  fear  or
   apprehension;  in  fear; apprehensive. [Afraid comes after the noun it
   limits.] "Back they recoiled, afraid." Milton.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd ex presses a  le ss de gree of  fe ar than
     terrified  or frightened. It is followed by of before the object of
     fear,  or  by  the  infinitive, or by a dependent clause; as, to be
     afraid  of  death.  "I  am  afraid  to  die."  "I am afraid he will
     chastise me." "Be not afraid that I your hand should take." Shak. I
     am afraid is sometimes used colloquially to soften a statement; as,
     I am afraid I can not help you in this matter.

   Syn. -- Fearful; timid; timorous; alarmed; anxious.

                                    Afreet

   Af"reet (#), n. Same as Afrit.

                                    Afresh

   A*fresh" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + fresh.] Anew; again; once more; newly.

     They crucify . . . the Son of God afresh. Heb. vi. 6.

                                     Afric

   Af"ric (#), a. African. -- n. Africa. [Poetic]

                                    African

   Af"ri*can  (#),  a.  [L.  Africus, Africanus, fr. Afer African.] Of or
   pertaining  to  Africa. African hemp, a fiber prerared from the leaves
   of  the  Sanseviera  Guineensis, a plant found in Africa and India. --
   African  marigold,  a  tropical  American  plant  (Tagetes erecta). --
   African  oak  OR  African  teak,  a  timber  furnished  by  Oldfieldia
   Africana,  used in ship building. <-- African violet African-American,
   a United States citizen of African descent-->

                                    African

   Af"ri*can, n. A native of Africa; also one ethnologically belonging to
   an African race.

                                  Africander

   Af`ri*can"der  (#),  n.  One  born in Africa, the offspring of a white
   father  and  a  "colored"  mother.  Also, and now commonly in Southern
   Africa, a native born of European settlers.

                                  Africanism

   Af"ri*can*ism  (#),  n.  A  word, phrase, idiom, or custom peculiar to
   Africa  or  Africans.  "The  knotty Africanisms . . . of the fathers."
   Milton.

                                  Africanize

   Af"ri*can*ize  (#), v. t. To place under the domination of Africans or
   negroes. [Amer.] Bartlett.

                             Afrit, Afrite, Afreet

   Af"rit  (#),  Af"rite(#),  Af"reet(#),  n.  [Arab. 'ifr\'c6t.] (Moham.
   Myth.) A powerful evil jinnee, demon, or monstrous giant.

                                    Afront

   A*front"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a-  + front.] In front; face to face. --
   prep. In front of. Shak.

                                      Aft

   Aft (#), adv. & a. [AS. \'91ftan behind; orig. superl. of of, off. See
   After.] (Naut.) Near or towards the stern of a vessel; astern; abaft.

                                     After

   Aft"er  (#),  a.  [AS.  \'91fter  after, behind; akin to Goth. aftaro,
   aftra,  backwards,  Icel. aptr, Sw. and Dan. efter, OHG. aftar behind,
   Dutch  and  LG.  achter,  Gr. -ter is an old comparative suffix, in E.
   generally  -ther (as in other), and after is a compar. of of, off. Of;
   cf. Aft.]

   1. Next; later in time; subsequent; succeeding; as, an after period of
   life. Marshall.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th is se nse th e wo rd is  so metimes ne edlessly
     combined  with  the  following  noun,  by  means  of  a hyphen, as,
     after-ages,  after-act,  after-days,  after-life. For the most part
     the words are properly kept separate when after has this meaning.

   2.  Hinder; nearer the rear. (Naut.) To ward the stern of the ship; --
   applied  to  any  object  in  the  rear part of a vessel; as the after
   cabin, after hatchway.

     NOTE: It is  of ten co mbined wi th it s no un; as, after-bowlines,
     after-braces,  after-sails, after-yards, those on the mainmasts and
     mizzenmasts.

   After  body (Naut.), the part of a ship abaft the dead flat, or middle
   part.

                                     After

   Aft"er, prep.

   1.  Behind  in  place;  as, men in line one after another. "Shut doors
   after you." Shak.

   2. Below in rank; next to in order. Shak.

     Codrus after PhDryden.

   3.  Later  in time; subsequent; as, after supper, after three days. It
   often  precedes  a clause. Formerly that was interposed between it and
   the clause.

     After  I  am  risen again, I will go before you into Galilee. Matt.
     xxvi. 32.

   4.  Subsequent to and in consequence of; as, after what you have said,
   I shall be careful.

   5.  Subsequent  to  and notwithstanding; as, after all our advice, you
   took that course.

   6. Moving toward from behind; following, in search of; in pursuit of.

     Ye shall not go after other gods. Deut. vi. 14.

     After whom is the king of Israel come out? 1 Sam. xxiv. 14.

   7. Denoting the aim or object; concerning; in relation to; as, to look
   after   workmen;   to   inquire   after  a  friend;  to  thirst  after
   righteousness.

   8.  In  imitation  of; in conformity with; after the manner of; as, to
   make  a  thing  after  a  model; a picture after Rubens; the boy takes
   after his father.
   To name or call after, to name like and reference to.

     Our eldest son was named George after his uncle. Goldsmith.

   9. According to; in accordance with; in conformity with the nature of;
   as, he acted after his kind.

     He shall not judge after the sight of his eyes. Isa. xi. 3.

     They that are after the flesh do mind the things of the flesh. Rom.
     viii. 5.

   10.  According  to  the  direction and influence of; in proportion to;
   befitting. [Archaic]

     He  takes greatness of kingdoms according to bulk and currency, and
     not after their intrinsic value. Bacon.

   After  all,  when  everything  has been considered; upon the whole. --
   After  (with  the  same  noun preceding and following), as, wave after
   wave,  day  after  day, several or many (waves, etc.) successively. --
   One  after  another, successively. -- To be after, to be in pursuit of
   in order to reach or get; as, he is after money.

                                     After

   Aft"er,  adv. Subsequently in time or place; behind; afterward; as, he
   follows after.

     It was about the space of three hours after. Acts. v. 7.

     NOTE: &hand; Af ter is  pr efixed to many words, forming compounds,
     but retaining its usual signification. The prefix may be adverbial,
     prepositional, or adjectival; as in after- described, after-dinner,
     after-part.  The hyphen is sometimes needlessly used to connect the
     adjective after with its noun. See Note under After, a., 1.

                                  Afterbirth

   Aft"er*birth` (#), n. (Med.) The placenta and membranes with which the
   fetus is connected, and which come away after delivery.

                                   Aftercast

   Aft"er*cast`  (#),  n. A throw of dice after the game in ended; hence,
   anything done too late. Gower.

                                   Afterclap

   Aft"er*clap`   (#),  n.  An  unexpected  subsequent  event;  something
   disagreeable  happening  after  an affair is supposed to be at an end.
   Spenser.

                                   Aftercrop

   Aft"er*crop`  (#),  n.  A  second  crop  or  harvest in the same year.
   Mortimer.

                                  After damp

   Aft"er damp` (#). An irrespirable gas, remaining after an explosion of
   fire damp in mines; choke damp. See Carbonic acid.

                                 After-dinner

   Aft"er-din`ner(#),  n.  The time just after dinner. "An after-dinner's
   sleep."  Shak.  [Obs.]  --  a. Following dinner; post-prandial; as, an
   after-dinner nap.

                                 After-eatage

   Aft"er-eat`age(#), n. Aftergrass.

                                   Aftereye

   Aft"er*eye` (#), v. t. To look after. [Poetic] Shak.

                                   Aftergame

   Aft"er*game`  (#),  n.  A  second  game; hence, a subsequent scheme or
   expedient.  Wotton.  Aftergame  at  Irish, an ancient game very nearly
   resembling backgammon. Beau. & Fl.

                                  After-glow

   Aft"er-glow(#),  n.  A  glow  of  refulgence  in the western sky after
   sunset.

                                  Aftergrass

   Aft"er*grass`  (#),  n.  The grass that grows after the first crop has
   been mown; aftermath.

                                  Aftergrowth

   Aft"er*growth`  (#),  n.  A second growth or crop, or (metaphorically)
   development. J. S. Mill.

                                  Afterguard

   Aft"er*guard`  (#),  n.  (Naut.) The seaman or seamen stationed on the
   poop or after part of the ship, to attend the after-sails. Totten.

                                  After-image

   Aft"er-im`age(#),  n.  The impression of a vivid sensation retained by
   the  retina of the eye after the cause has been removed; also extended
   to impressions left of tones, smells, etc.

                                   Afterings

   Aft"er*ings  (#),  n.  pl.  The last milk drawn in milking; strokings.
   [Obs.] Grose.

                                   Aftermath

   Aft"er*math  (#),  n.  [After  + math. See Math.] A second moving; the
   grass  which  grows  after  the  first crop of hay in the same season;
   rowen. Holland.

                                After-mentioned

   Aft"er-men`tioned(#),    a.    Mentioned   afterwards;   as,   persons
   after-mentioned (in a writing).

                                   Aftermost

   Aft"er*most  (#),  a.  superl.  [OE. eftemest, AS. \'91ftemest,akin to
   Gothic  aftumist and aftuma, the last, orig. a superlative of of, with
   the superlative endings -te, -me, -st.]

   1. Hindmost; -- opposed to foremost.

   2. (Naut.) Nearest the stern; most aft.

                                   Afternoon

   Aft"er*noon"  (#),  n. The part of the day which follows noon, between
   noon and evening.

                                  After-note

   Aft"er-note`(#),  n.  (Mus.)  One  of  the  small  notes  occur on the
   unaccented  parts of the measure, taking their time from the preceding
   note.

                                  Afterpains

   Aft"er*pains`  (#),  n. pl. (Med.) The pains which succeed childbirth,
   as in expelling the afterbirth.

                                  Afterpiece

   Aft"er*piece` (#), n.

   1.  A  piece  performed  after  a play, usually a farce or other small
   entertainment.

   2. (Naut.) The heel of a rudder.

                                  After-sails

   Aft"er-sails`(#),  n.  pl.  (Naut.) The sails on the mizzenmast, or on
   the stays between the mainmast and mizzenmast. Totten.

                                  Aftershaft

   Aft"er*shaft` (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) The hypoptilum.

                                  Aftertaste

   Aft"er*taste`  (#), n. A taste which remains in the mouth after eating
   or drinking.

                                 Afterthought

   Aft"er*thought`  (#),  n. Reflection after an act; later or subsequent
   thought or expedient.

                             Afterwards, Afterward

   Aft"er*wards (#), Aft"er*ward (#), adv. [AS. \'91fteweard, a., behind.
   See  Aft,  and -ward (suffix). The final s in afterwards is adverbial,
   orig. a genitive ending.] At a later or succeeding time.

                                   Afterwise

   Aft"er*wise` (#), a. Wise after the event; wise or knowing, when it is
   too late.

                                   After-wit

   Aft"er-wit` (#), n. Wisdom or perception that comes after it can be of
   use. "After-wit comes too late when the mischief is done." L'Estrange.

                                 After-witted

   Aft"er-wit`ted   (#),   a.  Characterized  by  afterwit;  slow-witted.
   Tyndale.

                                    Aftmost

   Aft"most (#), a. (Naut.) Nearest the stern.

                                    Aftward

   Aft"ward (#), adv. (Naut.) Toward the stern.

                                  Aga or Agha

   A*ga" or A*gha" (#), n. [Turk. adh\'be a great lord, chief master.] In
   Turkey,  a  commander  or chief officer. It is used also as a title of
   respect.

                                     Again

   A*gain"  (?;  277),  adv.  [OE.  agein,  agayn, AS. ongegn, onge\'a0n,
   against, again; on + ge\'a0n, akin to Ger. gegewn against, Icel. gegn.
   Cf. Gainsay.]

   1. In return, back; as, bring us word again.

   2. Another time; once more; anew.

     If a man die, shall he live again? Job xiv. 14.

   3.  Once  repeated;  --  of quantity; as, as large again, half as much
   again.

   4. In any other place. [Archaic] Bacon.

   5.  On  the other hand. "The one is my sovereign . . . the other again
   is my kinsman." Shak.

   6. Moreover; besides; further.

     Again, it is of great consequence to avoid, etc. Hersche

   Again  and again, more than once; often; repeatedly. -- Now and again,
   now  and  then;  occasionally.  -- To and again, to and fro. [Obs.] De
   Foe.

     NOTE: &hand; Ag ain wa s formerly used in many verbal combinations,
     as, again-witness, to witness against; again-ride, to ride against;
     again-come,  to  come  against, to encounter; again-bring, to bring
     back, etc.

                                 Again, Agains

   A*gain"  (#),  A*gains" (#), prep. Against; also, towards (in order to
   meet). [Obs.]

     Albeit that it is again his kind. Chaucer.

                                   Againbuy

   A*gain"buy` (#), v. t. To redeem. [Obs.] Wyclif.

                                   Againsay

   A*gain"say` (#), v. t. To gainsay. [Obs.] Wyclif.

                                    Against

   A*gainst"  (?;  277),  prep. [OE. agens, ageynes, AS. ongegn. The s is
   adverbial, orig. a genitive ending. See Again.]

   1.  Abreast;  opposite to; facing; towards; as, against the mouth of a
   river; -- in this sense often preceded by over.

     Jacob saw the angels of God come against him. Tyndale.

   2. From an opposite direction so as to strike or come in contact with;
   in contact with; upon; as, hail beats against the roof.

   3.  In  opposition  to,  whether  the opposition is of sentiment or of
   action;  on  the  other  side;  counter  to; in contrariety to; hence,
   adverse  to;  as,  against  reason; against law; to run a race against
   time.

     The gate would have been shut against her. Fielding.

     An argument against the use of steam. Tyndale.

   4.  By  of before the time that; in preparation for; so as to be ready
   for the time when. [Archaic or Dial.]

     Urijah  the priest made it, against King Ahaz came from Damascus. 2
     Kings xvi. 11.

   Against  the  sun,  in  a  direction contrary to that in which the sun
   appears to move.

                                  Againstand

   A*gain"stand` (#), v. t. To withstand. [Obs.]

                                   Againward

   A*gain"ward (#), adv. Back again. [Obs.]
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 31

                              Agalactia, Agalaxy

   Ag`a*lac"ti*a  (#),  Ag"a*lax`y (#), n. [Gr. (Med.) Failure of the due
   secretion of milk after childbirth.

                                  Agalactous

   Ag`a*lac"tous (#), a. Lacking milk to suckle with.

                                   Agal-agal

   A`gal-a"gal (#), n. Same as Agar-agar.

                             Agalloch, Agallochum

   Ag"al*loch   (#),   A*gal"lo*chum   (#),   n.  [Gr.  aguru,  Heb.  pl.
   ah\'bel\'c6m.]  A  soft, resinous wood (Aquilaria Agallocha) of highly
   aromatic smell, burnt by the orientals as a perfume. It is called also
   agalwood and aloes wood. The name is also given to some other species.

                                 Agalmatolite

   Ag`al*mat"o*lite  (#),  n. [Gr. -lite: cf. F. agalmatolithe.] (Min.) A
   soft,  compact  stone,  of  a  grayish,  greenish, or yellowish color,
   carved  into images by the Chinese, and hence called figure stone, and
   pagodite. It is probably a variety of pinite.

                                     Agama

   Ag"a*ma (#), n.; pl. Agamas (#). [From the Caribbean name of a species
   of  lizard.]  (Zo\'94l.) A genus of lizards, one of the few which feed
   upon vegetable substances; also, one of these lizards.

                                     Agami

   Ag"a*mi  (#),  n.;  pl.  Agamis  (#). [F. agex>, fr. the native name.]
   (Zo\'94l.)  A  South  American bird (Psophia crepitans), allied to the
   cranes,  and  easily  domesticated;  --  called also the gold-breasted
   trumpeter. Its body is about the size of the pheasant. See Trumpeter.

                                    Agamic

   A*gam"ic (#), a. [Agamous.] (a) (Biol.) Produced without sexual union;
   as,  agamic  or  unfertilized  eggs.  (b) Not having visible organs of
   reproduction, as flowerless plants; agamous.

                                  Agamically

   A*gam"ic*al*ly (#), adv. In an agamic manner.

                                    Agamist

   Ag"a*mist  (#),  n.  [See  Agamous.]  An  unmarried  person; also, one
   opposed to marriage. Foxe.

                                 Agamogenesis

   Ag`a*mo*gen"e*sis  (#), n. [Gr. (Biol.) Reproduction without the union
   of parents of distinct sexes: asexual reproduction.

                                 Agamogenetic

   Ag`a*mo*ge*net"ic  (#),  n.  (Biol.)  Reproducing  or produced without
   sexual union. -- Ag`a*mo*ge*net"ic*al*ly (#), adv.

     All  known  agamogenetic  processes end in a complete return to the
     primitive stock. Huxley.

                                    Agamous

   Ag"a*mous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Biol.)  Having  no  visible sexual organs;
   asexual. In Bo>., cryptogamous.

                                  Aganglionic

   A*gan`gli*o"nic  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not  +  ganglionic.] (Physiol.)
   Without ganglia.

                                     Agape

   A*gape"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref. a- + gape.] Gaping, as with wonder,
   expectation, or eager attention.

     Dazzles the crowd and sets them all agape. Milton.

                                     Agape

   Ag"a*pe  (#),  n.;  pl.  Agap\'91  (#).  [Gr.  The  love  feast of the
   primitive  Christians, being a meal partaken of in connection with the
   communion.

                                   Agar-agar

   A`gar-a"gar  (#),  n.  [Ceylonese local name.] A fucus or seaweed much
   used  in  the  East  for  soups  and  jellies; Ceylon moss (Gracilaria
   lichenoides).

                                    Agaric

   Ag"a*ric (?; 277), n. [L. agaricum, Gr. Agara, a town in Sarmatia.]

   1. (Bot.) A fungus of the genus Ag/xex>, of many species, of which the
   common mushroom is an example.

   2.  An old name for severwal species of Polyporus, corky fungi growing
   on decaying wood.

     NOTE: &hand; Th  e "f emale ag aric" (P olyporus of ficinalic) wa s
     renowned as a cathartic; the "male agaric" (Polyporus igniarius) is
     used for preparing touchwood, called punk of German tinder.

   Agaric  mineral,  a  light,  chalky  deposit  of  carbonate  of  lime,
   sometimes   called  rock  milk,  formed  in  caverns  or  fissures  of
   limestone.
   
                                     Agasp
                                       
   A*gasp"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [.  a-  +  gasp.]  In  a state of gasping.
   Coleridge. 

                                Agast or Aghast

   A*gast"  or  A*ghast"  (#),  v.  t.  To  affright;  to terrify. [Obs.]
   Chaucer. Spenser.

                                     Agast

   A*gast" (#), p. p. & a. See Aghast.

                                   Agastric

   A*gas"tric  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Physiol.)  Having to stomach, or distinct
   digestive canal, as the tapeworm.

                                     Agate

   A*gate" (#), adv. [Pref. a- on + gate way.] On the way; agoing; as, to
   be agate; to set the bells agate. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

                                     Agate

   Ag"ate (#), n. [F. agate, It. agata, L. achates, fr. Gr.

   1. (Min.) A semipellucid, uncrystallized variety of quartz, presenting
   various tints in the same specimen. Its colors are delicately arranged
   in stripes or bands, or blended in clouds.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e fo rtification ag ate, or Scotch pebble, the moss
     agate, the clouded agate, etc., are familiar varieties.

   2.  (Print.)  A  kind  of  type,  larger  than  pearl and smaller than
   nonpareil; in England called ruby.

     NOTE: &hand; This line is printed in the type called agate.

   3. A diminutive person; so called in allusion to the small figures cut
   in agate for rings and seals. [Obs.] Shak.

   4.  A  tool used by gold-wire drawers, bookbinders, etc.; -- so called
   from the agate fixed in it for burnishing.

                                  Agatiferous

   Ag`a*tif"er*ous  (#),  a.  [Agate  + -ferous.] Containing or producing
   agates. Craig.

                                    Agatine

   Ag"a*tine (#), a. Pertaining to, or like, agate.

                                    Agatize

   Ag"a*tize  (#),  v.  t.  [Usually  p. p. Agatized(#).] To convert into
   agate; to make resemble agate. Dana.

                                     Agaty

   Ag"a*ty (#), a. Of the nature of agate, or containing agate.

                                     Agave

   A*ga"ve  (#),  n.  [L.  Agave,  prop.  name, fr. Gr. (bot.) A genus of
   plants  (order  Amaryllidace\'91)  of  which  the chief species is the
   maguey  or  century  plant  (A. Americana), wrongly called Aloe. It is
   from  ten  to  seventy  years,  according  to  climate,  in  attaining
   maturity,  when  it  produces  a gigantic flower stem, sometimes forty
   feet in height, and perishes. The fermented juice is the pulque of the
   Mexicans;  distilled,  it  yields  mescal. A strong thread and a tough
   paper are made from the leaves, and the wood has many uses.

                                    Agazed

   A*gazed"  (#),  p.  p.  [Only  in p. p.; another spelling for aghast.]
   Gazing with astonishment; amazed. [Obs.]

     The whole army stood agazed on him. Shak.

                                      Age

   Age  (#),  n.  [OF.  aage,  eage,  F.  \'83ge,  fr. L. aetas through a
   supposed  LL. aetaticum. L. aetas is contracted fr. aevitas, fr. aevum
   lifetime, age; akin to E. aye ever. Cf. Each.]

   1.  The whole duration of a being, whether animal, vegetable, or other
   kind; lifetime.

     Mine age is as nothing before thee. Ps. xxxix. 5.

   2.  That  part  of the duration of a being or a thing which is between
   its  beginning  and  any  given time; as, what is the present age of a
   man, or of the earth?

   3.  The  latter  part  of life; an advanced period of life; seniority;
   state of being old.

     Nor wrong mine age with this indignity. Shak.

   4.  One  of the stages of life; as, the age of infancy, of youth, etc.
   Shak.

   5.  Mature age; especially, the time of life at which one attains full
   personal  rights and capacities; as, to come of age; he (or she) is of
   age. Abbott.

     NOTE: In th e United States, both males and females are of age when
     twenty-one years old.

   6.  The  time  of  life  at which some particular power or capacity is
   understood  to  become  vested;  as,  the  age  of consent; the age of
   discretion. Abbott.

   7.  A  particular  period  of  time  in history, as distinguished from
   others;  as,  the  golden age, the age of Pericles. "The spirit of the
   age." Prescott.

     Truth, in some age or other, will find her witness. Milton.

   Archeological  ages  are designated as three: The Stone age (the early
   and the later stone age, called paleolithic and neolithic), the Bronze
   age, and the Iron age. During the Age of Stone man is supposed to have
   employed  stone  for  weapons  and  implements.  See Augustan, Brazen,
   Golden, Heroic, Middle.
   
   8. A great period in the history of the Earth.
   
     NOTE: The g  eologic a ges a re a s f ollows: 1 . T he A rch\'91an,
     including  the  time  when was no life and the time of the earliest
     and  simplest  forms  of  life. 2. The age of Invertebrates, or the
     Silurian,  when  the  life  on the globe consisted distinctively of
     invertebrates.  3.  The age of Fishes, or the Devonian, when fishes
     were  the dominant race. 4. The age of Coal Plants, or Acrogens, or
     the  Carboniferous age. 5. The Mesozoic or Secondary age, or age of
     Reptiles,  when  reptiles  prevailed  in  great numbers and of vast
     size. 6. The Tertiary age, or age of Mammals, when the mammalia, or
     quadrupeds, abounded, and were the dominant race. 7. The Quaternary
     age, or age of Man, or the modern era.
     
   Dana.
   
   9. A century; the period of one hundred years.
   
     Fleury . . . apologizes for these five ages. Hallam.
     
   10.  The  people who live at a particular period; hence, a generation.
   "Ages yet unborn." Pope.
   
     The way which the age follows. J. H. Newman.
     
     Lo!  where  the  stage,  the poor, degraded stage, Holds its warped
     mirror to a gaping age. C. Sprague.
     
   11. A long time. [Colloq.] "He made minutes an age." Tennyson.
   Age of a tide, the time from the origin of a tide in the South Pacific
   Ocean  to  its  arrival at a given place. -- Moon's age, the time that
   has elapsed since the last preceding conjunction of the sun and moon.

     NOTE: &hand; Ag e is used to form the first part of many compounds;
     as, agelasting, age-adorning, age-worn, age-enfeebled, agelong.

   Syn. -- Time; period; generation; date; era; epoch.

                                      Age

   Age, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Aged (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Aging (#).] To grow
   aged; to become old; to show marks of age; as, he grew fat as he aged.

     They live one hundred and thirty years, and never age for all that.
     Holland.

     I  am  aging; that is, I have a whitish, or rather a light-colored,
     hair here and there. Landor.

                                      Age

   Age,  v. t. To cause to grow old; to impart the characteristics of age
   to; as, grief ages us.

                                     Aged

   A"ged (#), a.

   1.  Old; having lived long; having lived almost to or beyond the usual
   time allotted to that species of being; as, an aged man; an aged oak.

   2. Belonging to old age. "Aged cramps." Shak.

   3.  (#)  Having  a certain age; at the age of; having lived; as, a man
   aged forty years.

                                    Agedly

   A"ged*ly, adv. In the manner of an aged person.

                                   Agedness

   A"ged*ness, n. The quality of being aged; oldness.

     Custom without truth is but agedness of error. Milton.

                                    Ageless

   Age"less  (#), a. Without old age limits of duration; as, fountains of
   ageless youth.

                                     Agen

   A*gen" (#), adv. & prep. See Again. [Obs.]

                                    Agency

   A"gen*cy  (#),  n.; pl. Agencies (#). [agentia, fr. L. agens, agentis:
   cf. F. agence. See Agent.]

   1.  The  faculty of acting or of exerting power; the state of being in
   action; action; instrumentality.

     The  superintendence and agency of Providence in the natural world.
     Woodward.

   2. The office of an agent, or factor; the relation between a principal
   and his agent; business of one intrusted with the concerns of another.

   3.  The  place  of  business  of  am agent. Syn. -- Action; operation;
   efficiency; management.

                                     Agend

   A"gend (#), n. See Agendum. [Obs.]

                                    Agendum

   A*gen"dum  (#),  n.;  pl.  Agenda  (#). [L., neut. of the gerundive of
   agere to act.]

   1. Something to be done; in the pl., a memorandum book.

   2.  A  church  service;  a  ritual or liturgy. [In this sense, usually
   Agenda.]

                                   Agenesic

   Ag`e*nes"ic   (#),  a.  [See  Agensis.]  (Physiol.)  Characterized  by
   sterility; infecund.

                                   Agenesis

   A*gen"e*sis  (#),  n. [Gr. (Physiol.) Any imperfect development of the
   body, or any anomaly of organization.

                                   Agennesis

   Ag`en*ne"sis (#), n. [Gr. (Physiol.) Impotence; sterility.

                                     Agent

   A"gent (#), a. [L. agens, agentis, p. pr. of agere to act; akin to Gr.
   aka to drive, Skr. aj. Actingpatient, or sustaining, action. [Archaic]
   "The body agent." Bacon.

                                     Agent

   A"gent, n.

   1. One who exerts power, or has the power to act; an actor.

     Heaven made us agents, free to good or ill. Dryden.

   2.  One  who  acts for, or in the place of, another, by authority from
   him;  one  intrusted  with  the  business  of another; a substitute; a
   deputy; a factor.

   3.  An  active  power or cause; that which has the power to produce an
   effect;  as,  a  physical, chemical, or medicinal agent; as, heat is a
   powerful agent.

                                   Agential

   A*gen"tial  (#), a. Of or pertaining to an agent or an agency. Fitzed.
   Hall.

                                   Agentship

   A"gent*ship (#), n. Agency. Beau. & Fl.

                                   Ageratum

   A*ger"a*tum  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Bot.)  A genus of plants, one
   species  of  which  (A.  Mexicanum) has lavender-blue flowers in dense
   clusters.

                                 Aggeneration

   Ag*gen`er*a"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  aggenerare  to beget in addition. See
   Generate.] The act of producing in addition. [Obs.] T. Stanley.

                                     Agger

   Ag"ger (#), n. [L., a mound, fr. aggerere to bear to a place, heap up;
   ad  +  gerere  to  bear.] An earthwork; a mound; a raised work. [Obs.]
   Hearne.

                                   Aggerate

   Ag"ger*ate (#), v. t. [L. aggeratus, p. p. of aggerare. See Agger.] To
   heap up. [Obs.] Foxe.

                                  Aggeration

   Ag`ger*a"tion  (#), n. [L. aggeratio.] A heaping up; accumulation; as,
   aggerations of sand. [R.]

                                   Aggerose

   Ag`ger*ose" (#), a. In heaps; full of heaps.

                                    Aggest

   Ag*gest"  (#),  v.  t. [L. aggestus, p. p. of aggerere. See Agger.] To
   heap up. [Obs.]

     The violence of the waters aggested the earth. Fuller.

                                  Agglomerate

   Ag*glom"er*ate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agglomerated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Agglomerating  (#).]  [L. agglomeratus, p. p. of agglomerare; ad +
   glomerare to form into a ball. See Glomerate.] To wind or collect into
   a ball; hence, to gather into a mass or anything like a mass.

     Where he builds the agglomerated pile. Cowper.

                                  Agglomerate

   Ag*glom"er*ate, v. i. To collect in a mass.

                           Agglomerate, Agglomerated

   Ag*glom"er*ate (#), Ag*glom"er*a`ted (#), a.

   1. Collected into a ball, heap, or mass.

   2. (Bot.) Collected into a rounded head of flowers.

                                  Agglomerate

   Ag*glom"er*ate (#), n.

   1. A collection or mass.

   2.  (Geol.)  A  mass  of angular volcanic fragments united by heat; --
   distinguished from conglomerate.

                                 Agglomeration

   Ag*glom`er*a"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. agglom\'82ration.]

   1. The act or process of collecting in a mass; a heaping together.

     An excessive agglomeration of turrets. Warton.

   2. State of being collected in a mass; a mass; cluster.

                                 Agglomerative

   Ag*glom"er*a*tive  (#), a. Having a tendency to gather together, or to
   make collections.

     Taylor  is  eminently  discursive, accumulative, and (to use one of
     his own words) agglomerative. Coleridge.

                                  Agglutinant

   Ag*glu"ti*nant   (#),   a.   [L.   agglutinans,   -antis,  p.  pr.  of
   agglutinare.]   Uniting,  as  glue;  causing,  or  tending  to  cause,
   adhesion.  -- n. Any viscous substance which causes bodies or parts to
   adhere.

                                  Agglutinate

   Ag*glu"ti*nate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agglutinated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Agglutinating.]  [L. agglutinatus, p. p. of agglutinare to glue or
   cement  to a thing; ad + glutinare to glue; gluten glue. See Glue.] To
   unite, or cause to adhere, as with glue or other viscous substance; to
   unite by causing an adhesion of substances.

                                  Agglutinate

   Ag*glu"ti*nate (#), a.

   1. United with glue or as with glue; cemented together.

   2.  (physiol.)  Consisting  of  root words combined but not materially
   altered  as to form or meaning; as, agglutinate forms, languages, etc.
   See Agglutination, 2.

                                 Agglutination

   Ag*glu`ti*na"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. agglutination.]

   1.  The act of uniting by glue or other tenacious substance; the state
   of being thus united; adhesion of parts.

   2.  (Physiol.)  Combination in which root words are united with little
   or no change of form or loss of meaning. See Agglutinative, 2.

                                 Agglutinative

   Ag*glu"ti*na*tive (#), a. [Cf. F. agglutinatif.]

   1.  Pertaining  to agglutination; tending to unite, or having power to
   cause adhesion; adhesive.

   2.  (Philol.)  Formed or characterized by agglutination, as a language
   or a compound.

     In  agglutinative  languages  the union of words may be compared to
     mechanical   compounds,   in   inflective   languages  to  chemical
     compounds. R. Morris.

     Cf.   man-kind,   heir-loom,   war-like,  which  are  agglutinative
     compounds.  The  Finnish,  Hungarian, Turkish, the Tamul, etc., are
     agglutinative languages. R. Morris.

     Agglutinative  languages preserve the consciousness of their roots.
     Max M\'81ller.

                                    Aggrace

   Ag*grace"  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref.  a-  +  grace: cf. It. aggraziare, LL.
   aggratiare.  See  Grace.]  To  favor; to grace. [Obs.] "That knight so
   much aggraced." Spenser.
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                                    Aggrace

   Ag*grace" (#), n. Grace; favor. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                 Aggrandizable

   Ag"gran*di"za*ble (#), a. Capable of being aggrandized.

                                Aggrandization

   Ag*gran`di*za"tion (#), n. Aggrandizement. [Obs.] Waterhouse.

                                  Aggrandize

   Ag"gran*dize (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggrandized (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Aggrandizing  (#).]  [F. agrandir; \'85 (L. ad) + grandir to increase,
   L. grandire, fr. grandis great. See Grand, and cf. Finish.]

   1.  To  make  great;  to  enlarge;  to increase; as, to aggrandize our
   conceptions, authority, distress.

   2.  To  make  great  or  greater  in power, rank, honor, or wealth; --
   applied to persons, countries, etc.

     His scheme for aggrandizing his son. Prescott.

   3.  To  make  appear  great  or  greater;  to  exalt. Lamb. Syn. -- To
   augment; exalt; promote; advance.

                                  Aggrandize

   Ag"gran*dize, v. i. To increase or become great. [Obs.]

     Follies, continued till old age, do aggrandize. J. Hall.

                                Aggrandizement

   Ag*gran"dize*ment  (?;  277),  n.  [Cf. F. agrandissement.] The act of
   aggrandizing,  or  the state of being aggrandized or exalted in power,
   rank, honor, or wealth; exaltation; enlargement; as, the emperor seeks
   only  the  aggrandizement  of  his  own  family. Syn. -- Augmentation;
   exaltation; enlargement; advancement; promotion; preferment.

                                  Aggrandizer

   Ag"gran*di`zer (#), n. One who aggrandizes, or makes great.

                                    Aggrate

   Ag*grate"  (#), v. t. [It. aggratare, fr. L. ad + gratus pleasing. See
   Grate, a.] To please. [Obs.]

     Each one sought his lady to aggrate. Spenser.

                                   Aggravate

   Ag"gra*vate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggravated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Aggravating.] [L. aggravatus, p. p. of aggravare. See Aggrieve.]

   1.  To  make  heavy  or  heavier;  to  add to; to increase. [Obs.] "To
   aggravate thy store." Shak.

   2.  To  make  worse,  or more severe; to render less tolerable or less
   excusable;  to  make  more  offensive;  to  enhance; to intensify. "To
   aggravate my woes." Pope.

     To aggravate the horrors of the scene. Prescott.

     The  defense  made  by the prisioner's counsel did rather aggravate
     than extenuate his crime. Addison.

   3. To give coloring to in description; to exaggerate; as, to aggravate
   circumstances. Paley.

   4. To exasperate; to provoke; to irritate. [Colloq.]

     If  both were to aggravate her parents, as my brother and sister do
     mine. Richardson (Clarissa).

   Syn.   --  To  heighten;  intensify;  increase;  magnify;  exaggerate;
   provoke; irritate; exasperate.

                                  Aggravating

   Ag"gra*va`ting (#), a.

   1. Making worse or more heinous; as, aggravating circumstances.

   2. Exasperating; provoking; irritating. [Colloq.]

     A thing at once ridiculous and aggravating. J. Ingelow.

                                 Aggravatingly

   Ag"gra*va`ting*ly, adv. In an aggravating manner.

                                  Aggravation

   Ag`gra*va"tion (#), n. [LL. aggravatio: cf. F. aggravation.]

   1.  The act of aggravating, or making worse; -- used of evils, natural
   or  moral; the act of increasing in severity or heinousness; something
   additional  to  a  crime or wrong and enhancing its guilt or injurious
   consequences.

   2. Exaggerated representation.

     By  a  little  aggravation  of  the  features  changed  it into the
     Saracen's head. Addison.

   3.  An extrinsic circumstance or accident which increases the guilt of
   a crime or the misery of a calamity.

   4. Provocation; irritation. [Colloq.] Dickens.

                                  Aggravative

   Ag"gra*va*tive  (#), a. Tending to aggravate. Ag*gres"sive*ly, adv. --
   Ag*gres"sive*ness, n.

     No aggressive movement was made. Macaulay.

                                   Aggressor

   Ag*gres"sor  (#),  n.  [L.:  cf.  F.  agresseur.] The person who first
   attacks  or makes an aggression; he who begins hostility or a quarrel;
   an assailant.

     The  insolence  of  the  aggressor  is  usually proportioned to the
     tameness of the sufferer. Ames.

                                  Aggrievance

   Ag*griev"ance  (#),  n.  [OF.  agrevance,  fr. agrever. See Aggrieve.]
   Oppression; hardship; injury; grievance. [Archaic]

                                   Aggrieve

   Ag*grieve"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Aggrieved (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Aggrieving  (#).]  [OE.  agreven,  OF.  agrever; a (L. ad) + grever to
   burden,  injure,  L.  gravare  to  weigh  down,  fr. gravis heavy. See
   Grieve,  and  cf.  Aggravate.]  To give pain or sorrow to; to afflict;
   hence,  to oppress or injure in one's rights; to bear heavily upon; --
   now commonly used in the passive TO be aggrieved.

     Aggrieved by oppression and extortion. Macaulay.

                                   Aggrieve

   Ag*grieve", v. i. To grieve; to lament. [Obs.]

                                    Aggroup

   Ag*group"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Aggrouped (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Aggrouping.]  [F.  agrouper; \'85 (L. ad) + groupe group. See Group..]
   To bring together in a group; to group. Dryden.

                                  Aggroupment

   Ag*group"ment (#), n. Arrangement in a group or in groups; grouping.

                                 Aggry, Aggri

   Ag"gry,  Ag"gri (#), a. Applied to a kind of variegated glass beads of
   ancient  manufacture; as, aggry beads are found in Ashantee and Fantee
   in Africa.

                                    Aghast

   A*ghast" (#), v. t. See Agast, v. t. [Obs.]

                                    Aghast

   A*ghast"  (#),  a  &  p.  p.  [OE. agast, agasted, p. p. of agasten to
   terrify,  fr.  AS.  pref.  \'be- (cf. Goth. us-, G. er-, orig. meaning
   out)  +  g  to  terrify,  torment:  cf.  Goth.  usgaisjan  to terrify,
   primitively  to  fix,  to  root  to  the  spot with terror; akin to L.
   haerere  to  stick fast, cling. See Gaze, Hesitate.] Terrified; struck
   with amazement; showing signs of terror or horror.

     Aghast  he  waked; and, starting from his bed, Cold sweat in clammy
     drops his limbs o'erspread. Dryden.

     The commissioners read and stood aghast. Macaulay.

                                    Agible

   Ag"i*ble  (#),  a.  [Cf.  LL.  agibilis,  fr.  L.  agere to move, do.]
   Possible  to be done; practicable. [Obs.] "Fit for agible things." Sir
   A. Sherley.

                                     Agile

   Ag"ile  (#),  a.  [F. agile, L. agilis, fr. agere to move. See Agent.]
   Having the faculty of quick motion in the limbs; apt or ready to move;
   nimble; active; as, an agile boy; an agile tongue.

     Shaking it with agile hand. Cowper.

   Syn. -- Active; alert; nimble; brisk; lively; quick.

                                    Agilely

   Ag"ile*ly, adv. In an agile manner; nimbly.

                                   Agileness

   Ag"ile*ness, n. Agility; nimbleness. [R.]

                                    Agility

   A*gil"i*ty (#), n. [F. agili\'82, L. agilitas, fr. agilis.]

   1.  The  quality of being agile; the power of moving the limbs quickly
   and  easily;  nimbleness;  activity; quickness of motion; as, strength
   and agility of body.

     They . . . trust to the agility of their wit. Bacon.

     Wheeling with the agility of a hawk. Sir W. Scott.

   2. Activity; powerful agency. [Obs.]

     The agility of the sun's fiery heat. Holland.

                                     Agio

   Ag"i*o (#), n.; pl. Agios (#). [It. aggio exchange, discount, premium,
   the  same  word  as  agio  ease.  See  Ease.]  (Com.)  The  premium or
   percentage  on a better sort of money when it is given in exchange for
   an inferior sort. The premium or discount on foreign bills of exchange
   is sometimes called agio.

                                   Agiotage

   Ag"i*o*tage   (#),   n.   [F.   agiotage,   fr.  agioter  to  practice
   stockjobbing,  fr.  agio.]  Exchange business; also, stockjobbing; the
   maneuvers  of  speculators  to  raise  or lower the price of stocks or
   public funds.

     Vanity  and  agiotage  are to a Parisian the oxygen and hydrogen of
     life. Landor.

                                     Agist

   A*gist"  (#),  v.  t.  [OF. agister; \'85 (L. ad) + gister to assign a
   lodging,  fr. giste lodging, abode, F. g\'8cte, LL. gistum, gista, fr.
   L.  jacitum,  p.  p.  of  jac to lie: cf. LL. agistare, adgistare. See
   Gist.]  (Law)  To  take to graze or pasture, at a certain sum; -- used
   originally  of  the  feeding  of  cattle  in  the  king's forests, and
   collecting the money for the same. Blackstone.

                                   Agistator

   Ag`is*ta"tor (#), n. [LL.] See Agister.

                               Agister, Agistor

   A*gist"er,  A*gist"or  (#),  n.  [Anglo-Norman  agistour.]  (Law)  (a)
   Formerly,  an officer of the king's forest, who had the care of cattle
   agisted,  and  collected  the  money  for  the  same;  -- hence called
   gisttaker,  which  in  England is corrupted into guest-taker. (b) Now,
   one  who  agists  or  takes  in cattle to pasture at a certain rate; a
   pasturer. Mozley & W.

                                   Agistment

   A*gist"ment  (#),  n. [OF. agistement. See Agist.] (Law) (a) Formerly,
   the  taking  and  feeding of other men's cattle in the king's forests.
   (b)  The  taking  in  by  any  one of other men's cattle to graze at a
   certain  rate.  Mozley & W. (c) The price paid for such feeding. (d) A
   charge  or  rate  against lands; as, an agistment of sea banks, i. e.,
   charge for banks or dikes.

                                   Agitable

   Ag"i*ta*ble (#), a. [L. agitabilis: cf. F. agitable.] Capable of being
   agitated, or easily moved. [R.]

                                    Agitate

   Ag"i*tate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Agitated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Agitating  (#).]  [L. agitatus, p. p. of agitare to put in motion, fr.
   agere to move: cf. F. agiter. See Act, Agent.]

   1. To move with a violent, irregular action; as, the wind agitates the
   sea;  to  agitate  water  in  a vessel. "Winds . . . agitate the air."
   Cowper.

   2. To move or actuate. [R.] Thomson.

   3.  To  stir  up; to disturb or excite; to perturb; as, he was greatly
   agitated.

     The mind of man is agitated by various passions. Johnson.

   4.  To  discuss  with  great earnestness; to debate; as, a controversy
   hotly agitated. Boyle.

   5.  To  revolve  in  the mind, or view in all its aspects; to contrive
   busily; to devise; to plot; as, politicians agitate desperate designs.
   Syn.  --  To  move;  shake; excite; rouse; disturb; distract; revolve;
   discuss; debate; canvass.

                                  Agitatedly

   Ag"i*ta`ted*ly, adv. In an agitated manner.

                                   Agitation

   Ag`i*ta"tion (#), n. [L. agitatio: cf. F. agitation.]

   1.  The act of agitating, or the state of being agitated; the state of
   being  moved  with  violence, or with irregular action; commotion; as,
   the sea after a storm is in agitation.

   2. A stirring up or arousing; disturbance of tranquillity; disturbance
   of  mind  which shows itself by physical excitement; perturbation; as,
   to cause any one agitation.

   3.  Excitement of public feeling by discussion, appeals, etc.; as, the
   antislavery   agitation;   labor  agitation.  "Religious  agitations."
   Prescott.

   4.  Examination  or consideration of a subject in controversy, or of a
   plan proposed for adoption; earnest discussion; debate.

     A logical agitation of the matter. L'Estrange.

     The project now in agitation. Swift.

   Syn.   --   Emotion;   commotion;   excitement;  trepidation;  tremor;
   perturbation. See Emotion.

                                   Agitative

   Ag"i*ta*tive (#), a. Tending to agitate.

                                    Agitato

   A`gi*ta"to  (#),  a.  [It.,  agitated.]  (Med.)  Sung  or  played in a
   restless, hurried, and spasmodic manner.

                                   Agitator

   Ag"i*ta`tor (#), n. [L.]

   1. One who agitates; one who stirs up or excites others; as, political
   reformers and agitators.

   2.  (Eng.  Hist.)  One  of  a  body  of  men appointed by the army, in
   Cromwell's  time,  to  look  after  their  interests;  --  called also
   adjutators. Clarendon.

   3. An implement for shaking or mixing.

                                    Agleam

   A*gleam"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref.  a-  + gleam.] Gleaming; as, faces
   agleam. Lowell.

                                 Aglet, Aiglet

   Ag"let  (#), Aig"let (#), n. [F. aiguillette point, tagged point, dim.
   of  aiguilee  needle,  fr.  LL.  acucula  for acicula, dim. of L. acus
   needle, pinagleter to hook on. See Acute, and cf. Aiguillette.]

   1. A tag of a lace or of the points, braids, or cords formerly used in
   dress.  They  were  sometimes  formed into small images. Hence, "aglet
   baby" (Shak.), an aglet image.

   2. (Haberdashery) A round white staylace. Beck.

                                     Agley

   A*gley" (#), adv. Aside; askew. [Scotch] Burns.

                                   Aglimmer

   A*glim"mer (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + glimmer.] In a glimmering state.
   Hawthorne.

                                   Aglitter

   A*glit"ter  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref.  a- + glitter.] Clittering; in a
   glitter.

                                   Aglossal

   A*glos"sal (#), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Without tongue; tongueless.

                                     Aglow

   A*glow"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref. a- + glow.] In a glow; glowing; as,
   cheeks aglow; the landscape all aglow.

                                  Aglutition

   Ag`lu*ti"tion  (#),  n. [Pref. a- not + L. glutire to swallow.] (Med.)
   Inability to swallow.

                                    Agminal

   Ag"mi*nal  (#), a. [L. agminalis; agmen, agminis, a train.] Pertaining
   to an army marching, or to a train. [R.]

                              Agminate, Agminated

   Ag"mi*nate  (#),  Ag"mi*na`ted  (#),  a.  [L. agmen, agminis, a train,
   crowd.] (Physiol.) Grouped together; as, the agminated glands of Peyer
   in the small intestine.

                                    Agnail

   Ag"nail  (#),  n.  [AS.  angn\'91gl; ange vexation, trouble + n\'91gel
   nail. Cf. Hangnail.]

   1. A corn on the toe or foot. [Obs.]

   2. An inflammation or sore under or around the nail; also, a hangnail.

                                    Agnate

   Ag"nate  (#),  a. [L. agnatus, p. p. of agnasci to be born in addition
   to; ad + nasci (for gnasci) to be born. Cf. Adnate.]

   1.  Related  or  akin by the father's side; also, sprung from the same
   male ancestor.

   2. Allied; akin. "Agnate words." Pownall.

     Assume  more  or  less of a fictitious character, but congenial and
     agnate with the former. Landor.

                                    Agnate

   Ag"nate,  n. [Cf. F. agnat.] (Civil Law) A relative whose relationship
   can be traced exclusively through males.

                                    Agnatic

   Ag*nat"ic  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F. agnatique.] Pertaining to descent by the
   male line of ancestors. "The agnatic succession." Blackstone.

                                   Agnation

   Ag*na"tion (#), n. [L. agnatio: cf. F. agnation.]

   1. (Civil Law) Consanguinity by a line of males only, as distinguished
   from cognation. Bouvier.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 33

                                   Agnition

   Ag*ni"tion   (#),   n.   [L.  agnitio,  fr.  agnoscere.  See  Notion.]
   Acknowledgment. [Obs.] Grafton.

                                    Agnize

   Ag*nize"  (#),  v.  t.  [Formed  like recognize, fr. L. agnoscere.] To
   recognize; to acknowledge. [Archaic]

     I do agnize a natural and prompt alacrity. Shak.

                                   Agnoiolgy

   Ag`noi*ol"*gy  (#),  n. [Gr. -logy.] (Metaph.) The doctrine concerning
   those things of which we are necessarily ignorant.

                                    Agnomen

   Ag*no"men (#), n. [L.; ad + nomen name.]

   1.  An  additional  or  fourth name given by the Romans, or account of
   some remarkable exploit or event; as, Publius Caius Scipio Africanus.

   2. An additional name, or an epithet appended to a name; as, Aristides
   the Just.

                                  Agnominate

   Ag*nom"i*nate (#), v. t. To name. [Obs.]

                                 Agnomination

   Ag*nom`i*na"tion (#), n. [L. agnominatio. See Agnomen.]

   1. A surname. [R.] Minsheu.

   2. Paronomasia; also, alliteration; annomination.

                                   Agnostic

   Ag*nos"tic  (#),  a. [Gr. Professing ignorance; involving no dogmatic;
   pertaining to or involving agnosticism. -- Ag*nos"tic*al*ly (#), adv.

                                   Agnostic

   Ag*nos"tic, n. One who professes ignorance, or denies that we have any
   knowledge,  save  of  phenomena; one who supports agnosticism, neither
   affirming  nor  denying  the  existence  of a personal Deity, a future
   life, etc.

                                  Agnosticism

   Ag*nos"ti*cism  (#),  n.  That  doctrine  which, professing ignorance,
   neither  asserts  nor denies. Specifically: (Theol.) The doctrine that
   the  existence  of  a  personal  Deity,  an unseen world, etc., can be
   neither  proved  nor disproved, because of the necessary limits of the
   human mind (as sometimes charged upon Hamilton and Mansel), or because
   of  the  insufficiency  of  the  evidence  furnished  by  physical and
   physical  data,  to  warrant  a  positive conclusion (as taught by the
   school  of  Herbert Spencer); -- opposed alike dogmatic skepticism and
   to dogmatic theism.

                                     Agnus

   Ag"nus  (#),  n.; pl. E. Agnuses (#); L. Agni (#). [L., a lamb.] Agnus
   Dei.

                                 Agnus castus

   Ag"nus  cas"tus (#). [Gr. (Bot.) A species of Vitex (V. agnus castus);
   the chaste tree. Loudon.

     And wreaths of agnus castus others bore. Dryden.

                                   Agnus Dei

   Ag"nus De"i (#). [L., lamb of God.] (R. C. Ch.) (a) A figure of a lamb
   bearing a cross or flag. (b) A cake of wax stamped with such a figure.
   It  is made from the remains of the paschal candles and blessed by the
   Pope. (c) A triple prayer in the sacrifice of the Mass, beginning with
   the words "Agnus Dei."

                                      Ago

   A*go"  (#),  a.  & adv. [OE. ago, agon, p. p. of agon to go away, pass
   by, AS. \'beg\'ben to pass away; \'be- (cf. Goth. us-, Ger. er-, orig.
   meaning  out)  +  g\'ben to go. See Go.] Past; gone by; since; as, ten
   years ago; gone long ago.

                                     Agog

   A*gog" (#), a. & adv. [Cf. F. gogue fun, perhaps of Celtic origin.] In
   eager desire; eager; astir.

     All agog to dash through thick and thin. Cowper.

                                    Agoing

   A*go"ing (#), adv. [Pref. a- + p. pr. of go.] In motion; in the act of
   going; as, to set a mill agoing.

                                     Agon

   Ag"on (#), n.; pl. Agones (#). [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) A contest for a prize
   at the public games.

                                     Agone

   A*gone" (#), a. & adv. Ago. [Archaic> & Poet.]

     Three days agone I fell sick. 1 Sam. xxx. 13.

                                     Agone

   A"gone (#), n. [See Agonic.] Agonic line.

                                    Agonic

   A*gon"ic  (#), a. [Gr. Not forming an angle. Agonic line (Physics), an
   imaginary  line  on  the  earth's surface passing through those places
   where  the  magnetic  needle  points to the true north; the line of no
   magnetic  variation. There is one such line in the Western hemisphere,
   and another in the Eastern hemisphere.

                                    Agonism

   Ag"o*nism  (#),  n.  [Gr.  Agon.]  Contention  for a prize; a contest.
   [Obs.] Blount.

                                    Agonist

   Ag"o*nist (#), n. [Gr. One who contends for the prize in public games.
   [R.]

                            Agonistic, Agonistical

   Ag`o*nis"tic (#), Ag`o*nis"tic*al (#), a. [Gr. Agonism.] Pertaining to
   violent  contests, bodily or mental; pertaining to athletic or polemic
   feats; athletic; combative; hence, strained; unnatural.

     As  a  scholar,  he  [Dr.  Parr] was brilliant, but he consumed his
     power in agonistic displays. De Quincey.

                                 Agonistically

   Ag`o*nis"tic*al*ly, adv. In an agonistic manner.

                                  Agonistics

   Ag`o*nis"tics  (#), n. The science of athletic combats, or contests in
   public games.

                                    Agonize

   Ag"o*nize  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p. p. Agonized (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Agonizing (#).] [F. agoniser, LL. agonizare, fr. Gr. Agony.]

   1. To writhe with agony; to suffer violent anguish.

     To smart and agonize at every pore. Pope.

   2. To struggle; to wrestle; to strive desperately.

                                    Agonize

   Ag"o*nize, v. t. To cause to suffer agony; to subject to extreme pain;
   to torture.

     He agonized his mother by his behavior. Thackeray.

                                  Agonizingly

   Ag"o*ni`zing*ly (#), adv. With extreme anguish or desperate struggles.

                                  Agonothete

   Ag"o*no*thete`  (#), n. [Gr. [Antiq.] An officer who presided over the
   great public games in Greece.

                                  Agonothetic

   Ag`o*no*thet"ic   (#),   a.  [Gr.  Pertaining  to  the  office  of  an
   agonothete.

                                     Agony

   Ag"o*ny (#), n.; pl. Agonies (#). [L. agonia, Gr. agonie. See Agon.]

   1. Violent contest or striving.

     The world is convulsed by the agonies of great nations. Macaulay.

   2.  Pain  so  extreme as to cause writhing or contortions of the body,
   similar  to  those made in the athletic contests in Greece; and hence,
   extreme   pain   of   mind   or  body;  anguish;  paroxysm  of  grief;
   specifically, the sufferings of Christ in the garden of Gethsemane.

     Being in an agony he prayed more earnestly. Luke xxii. 44.

   3. Paroxysm of joy; keen emotion.

     With cries and agonies of wild delight. Pope.

   4.  The  last  struggle  of  life;  death  struggle.  Syn. -- Anguish;
   torment;  throe;  distress; pangs; suffering. -- Agony, Anguish, Pang.
   These  words  agree  in expressing extreme pain of body or mind. Agony
   denotes  acute  and  permanent pain, usually of the whole system., and
   often  producing  contortions.  Anguish  denotes severe pressure, and,
   considered  as bodily suffering, is more commonly local (as anguish of
   a  wound),  thus  differing  from  agony.  A  pang  is  a  paroxysm of
   excruciating pain. It is severe and transient. The agonies or pangs of
   remorse;  the  anguish  of a wounded conscience. "Oh, sharp convulsive
   pangs of agonizing pride!" Dryden.

                                    A-good

   A-good(#),  adv.  [Pref.  a-  + good.] In earnest; heartily. [Obs.] "I
   made her weep agood." Shak.

                                     Agora

   Ag"o*ra  (#),  n.  [Gr.  An  assembly;  hence,  the place of assembly,
   especially the market place, in an ancient Greek city.

                                    Agouara

   A*gou"a*ra  (#),  n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The crab-eating raccoon
   (Procyon cancrivorus), found in the tropical parts of America.

                                    Agouta

   A*gou"ta  (#),  n.  [Native  name.]  (Zo\'94l.)  A small insectivorous
   mammal  (Solenodon  paradoxus),  allied  to  the  moles, found only in
   Hayti.

                                Agouti, Agouty

   A*gou"ti,  A*gou"ty  (#), n. [F. agouti, acouti, Sp. aguti, fr. native
   name.]  (Zo\'94l.) A rodent of the genus Dasyprocta, about the size of
   a  rabbit,  peculiar  to  South  America and the West Indies. The most
   common species is the Dasyprocta agouti.

                                    Agrace

   A*grace" (#), n. & v. See Aggrace. [Obs.]

                                    Agraffe

   A*graffe"  (#),  n.  [F.  agrafe,  formerly  agraffe, OF. agrappe. See
   Agrappes.]

   1. A hook or clasp.

     The feather of an ostrich, fastened in her turban by an agraffe set
     with brilliants. Sir W. Scott.

   2. A hook, eyelet, or other device by which a piano wire is so held as
   to limit the vibration.

                                  Agrammatist

   A*gram"ma*tist (#), n. [Gr. A illiterate person. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                   Agraphia

   A*graph"i*a  (#),  n.  [Gr.  The  absence  or  loss  of  the  power of
   expressing ideas by written signs. It is one form of aphasia.

                                   Agraphic

   A*graph"ic (#), a. Characterized by agraphia.

                                   Agrappes

   A*grappes" (#), n. pl. [OF. agrappe, F. agrafe; a + grappe (see Grape)
   fr. OHG. kr\'bepfo hook.] Hooks and eyes for armor, etc. Fairholt.

                                   Agrarian

   A*gra"ri*an (#), a. [L. agrarius, fr. ager field.]

   1.  Pertaining to fields, or lands, or their tenure; esp., relating to
   am  equal  or  equitable  division  of lands; as, the agrarian laws of
   Rome,  which  distributed  the  conquered and other public lands among
   citizens.

     His  Grace's  landed  possessions  are  irresistibly inviting to an
     agrarian experiment. Burke.

   2. (Bot.) Wild; -- said of plants growing in the fields.

                                   Agrarian

   A*gra"ri*an, n.

   1. One in favor of an equal division of landed property.

   2. An agrarian law. [R.]

     An equal agrarian is perpetual law. Harrington.

                                  Agrarianism

   A*gra"ri*an*ism  (#),  n.  An  equal  or  equitable division of landed
   property;  the  principles or acts of those who favor a redistribution
   of land.

                                  Agrarianize

   A*gra"ri*an*ize  (#),  v.  t.  To distribute according to, or to imbue
   with, the principles of agrarianism.

                                  Agre, Agree

   A*gre",  A*gree"  (#), adv. [F. \'85 gr\'82. See Agree.] In good part;
   kindly. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

                                     Agree

   A*gree"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Agreed  (#);  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Agreeing.] [F. agr\'82er to accept or receive kindly, fr. \'85 gr\'82;
   \'85  (L.  ad)  +  gr\'82  good  will,  consent, liking, fr. L. gratus
   pleasing, agreeable. See Grateful.]

   1.  To  harmonize in opinion, statement, or action; to be in unison or
   concord;  to  be  or  become  united or consistent; to concur; as, all
   parties agree in the expediency of the law.

     If music and sweet poetry agree. Shak.

     Their witness agreed not together. Mark xiv. 56.

     The more you agree together, the less hurt can your enemies do you.
     Sir T. Browne.

   2.  To  yield assent; to accede; -- followed by to; as, to agree to an
   offer, or to opinion.

   3. To make a stipulation by way of settling differences or determining
   a  price;  to  exchange  promises;  to  come  to  terms or to a common
   resolve; to promise.

     Agree with thine adversary quickly. Matt. v. 25.

     Didst not thou agree with me for a penny ? Matt. xx. 13.

   4. To be conformable; to resemble; to coincide; to correspond; as, the
   picture  does  not  agree  with  the  original;  the  two scales agree
   exactly.

   5. To suit or be adapted in its effects; to do well; as, the same food
   does not agree with every constitution.

   6. (Gram.) To correspond in gender, number, case, or person.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e au xiliary forms of to be are often employed with
     the  participle  agreed. "The jury were agreed." Macaulay. "Can two
     walk  together, except they be agreed ?" Amos iii. 3. The principal
     intransitive  uses  were  probably derived from the transitive verb
     used reflexively. "I agree me well to your desire." Ld. Berners.

   Syn.  --  To  assent;  concur;  consent;  acquiesce;  accede;  engage;
   promise;  stipulate;  contract;  bargain;  correspond; harmonize; fit;
   tally; coincide; comport.

                                     Agree

   A*gree" (#), v. t.

   1. To make harmonious; to reconcile or make friends. [Obs.] Spenser.

   2.  To  admit,  or come to one mind concerning; to settle; to arrange;
   as, to agree the fact; to agree differences. [Obs.]

                                 Agreeability

   A*gree`a*bil"i*ty (#), n. [OF. agreablete.]

   1. Easiness of disposition. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2.   The   quality   of   being,  or  making  one's  self,  agreeable;
   agreeableness. Thackeray.

                                   Agreeable

   A*gree"a*ble (#), a. [F. agr\'82able.]

   1.  Pleasing,  either  to  the mind or senses; pleasant; grateful; as,
   agreeable  manners or remarks; an agreeable person; fruit agreeable to
   the taste.

     A train of agreeable reveries. Goldsmith.

   2. Willing; ready to agree or consent. [Colloq.]

     These Frenchmen give unto the said captain of Calais a great sum of
     money,  so  that he will be but content and agreeable that they may
     enter into the said town. Latimer.

   3.  Agreeing  or  suitable;  conformable;  correspondent;  concordant;
   adapted; -- followed by to, rarely by with.

     That  which  is agreeable to the nature of one thing, is many times
     contrary to the nature of another. L'Estrange.

   4.  In  pursuance,  conformity,  or  accordance; -- in this sense used
   adverbially  for agreeably; as, agreeable to the order of the day, the
   House  took  up  the  report.  Syn.  --  Pleasing;  pleasant; welcome;
   charming; acceptable; amiable. See Pleasant.

                                 Agreeableness

   A*gree"a*ble*ness, n.

   1.  The  quality  of  being  agreeable or pleasing; that quality which
   gives satisfaction or moderate pleasure to the mind or senses.

     That author . . . has an agreeableness that charms us. Pope.

   2.  The  quality  of  being  agreeable  or  suitable;  suitableness or
   conformity; consistency.

     The agreeableness of virtuous actions to human nature. Pearce.

   3. Resemblance; concordance; harmony; -- with to or between. [Obs.]

     The  agreeableness between man and the other parts of the universe.
     Grew.

                                   Agreeably

   A*gree"a*bly, adv.

   1.  In  an agreeably manner; in a manner to give pleasure; pleasingly.
   "Agreeably entertained." Goldsmith.

   2.  In accordance; suitably; consistently; conformably; -- followed by
   to and rarely by with. See Agreeable, 4.

     The  effect  of  which  is,  that  marriages  grow  less  frequent,
     agreeably to the maxim above laid down. Paley.

   3. Alike; similarly. [Obs.]

     Both clad in shepherds' weeds agreeably. Spenser.

                                  Agreeingly

   A*gree"ing*ly,  adv.  In  an  agreeing  manner  (to); correspondingly;
   agreeably. [Obs.]

                                   Agreement

   A*gree"ment (#), n. [Cf. F. agr\'82ment.]

   1.  State  of  agreeing;  harmony  of  opinion,  statement, action, or
   character;  concurrence;  concord;  conformity;  as,  a good agreement
   subsists among the members of the council.

     What agreement hath the temple of God with idols ? 2 Cor. vi. 16.

     Expansion and duration have this further agreement. Locke.

   2.  (Gram.)  Concord  or  correspondence  of  one word with another in
   gender, number, case, or person.

   3.  (Law)  (a)  A concurrence in an engagement that something shall be
   done  or  omitted;  an  exchange  of  promises;  mutual understanding,
   arrangement,  or  stipulation;  a  contract. (b) The language, oral or
   written,  embodying  reciprocal  promises. Abbott. Brande & C. Syn. --
   Bargain; contract; compact; stipulation.

                                    Agreer

   A*gre"er (#), n. One who agrees.

                                   Agrestic

   A*gres"tic (#), a. [L. agrestis, fr. ager field.] Pertaining to fields
   or  the country, in opposition to the city; rural; rustic; unpolished;
   uncouth. "Agrestic behavior." Gregory.

                                  Agrestical

   A*gres"tic*al (#), a. Agrestic. [Obs.]

                                 Agricolation

   A*gric`o*la"tion   (#),  n.  [L.,  agricolatio.]  Agriculture.  [Obs.]
   Bailey.

                                  Agricolist

   A*gric"o*list  (#),  n.  A  cultivator  of the soil; an agriculturist.
   Dodsley.

                                  Agricultor

   Ag"ri*cul`tor  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr. ager field + cultor cultivator.] An
   agriculturist; a farmer. [R.]

                                 Agricultural

   Ag`ri*cul"tur*al  (#),  a.  Of or pertaining to agriculture; connected
   with, or engaged in, tillage; as, the agricultural class; agricultural
   implements,  wages, etc. -- Ag`ri*cul"tur*al*ly, adv. Agricultural ant
   (Zo\'94l.),  a  species  of  ant  which  gathers  and  stores seeds of
   grasses,  for  food. The remarkable species (Myrmica barbata) found in
   Texas  clears  circular  areas  and  carefully cultivates its favorite
   grain, known as ant rice.

                                Agriculturalist

   Ag`ri*cul"tur*al*ist,  n.  An  agriculturist  (which  is the preferred
   form.)

                                  Agriculture

   Ag"ri*cul`ture  (?;  135),  n.  [L.  agricultura; ager field + cultura
   cultivation:  cf.  F.  agriculture.  See Acre and Culture.] The art or
   science  of cultivating the ground, including the harvesting of crops,
   and  the  rearing  and  management  of live stock; tillage; husbandry;
   farming.

                                 Agriculturism

   Ag`ri*cul"tur*ism (#), n. Agriculture. [R.]

                                 Agriculturist

   Ag`ri*cul"tur*ist,  n.  One  engaged  or  skilled  in  agriculture;  a
   husbandman.

     The  farmer  is  always  a practitioner, the agriculturist may be a
     mere theorist. Crabb.

                                    Agrief

   A*grief"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a-  +  grief.]  In  grief; amiss. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                   Agrimony

   Ag"ri*mo*ny  (#),  n. [OE. agremoyne, OF. aigremoine, L. agrimonia for
   argemonia,  fr.  Gr.  (Bot.) (a) A genus of plants of the Rose family.
   (b)  The name is also given to various other plants; as, hemp agrimony
   (Eupatorium cannabinum); water agrimony (Bidens).

     NOTE: &hand; Th  e Ag rimonia eu patoria, or  co mmon ag rimony, a 
     perennial herb with a spike of yellow flowers, was once esteemed as
     a medical remedy, but is now seldom used.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 34

                                     Agrin

   A*grin" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + grin.] In the act of grinning. "His
   visage all agrin." Tennyson.

                                  Agriologist

   Ag`ri*ol"o*gist (#), n. One versed or engaged in agriology.

                                   Agriology

   Ag`ri*ol"o*gy (#), n. [Gr. -logy.] Description or comparative study of
   the customs of savage or uncivilized tribes.

                                    Agrise

   A*grise" (#), v. i. [AS. \'begr\'c6san to dread; \'be- (cf. Goth. us-,
   Ger. er-, orig. meaning out) + gr\'c6san, for gr (only in comp.), akin
   to  OHG.  gr,  G.  grausen,  to  shudder. See Grisly.] To shudder with
   terror; to tremble with fear. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Agrise

   A*grise", v. t.

   1. To shudder at; to abhor; to dread; to loathe. [Obs.] Wyclif.

   2. To terrify; to affright. [Obs.]

     His manly face that did his foes agrise. Spenser.

                                     Agrom

   A"grom (#), n. [Native name.] (Med.) A disease occurring in Bengal and
   other parts of the East Indies, in which the tongue chaps and cleaves.

                            Agronomic, Agronomical

   Ag`ro*nom"ic   (#),   Ag`ro*nom"ic*al   (#),   [Cf.  F.  agronomique.]
   Pertaining to agronomy, of the management of farms.

                                  Agronomics

   Ag`ro*nom"ics  (#),  n. The science of the distribution and management
   of land.

                                  Agronomist

   A*gron"o*mist (#), n. One versed in agronomy; a student of agronomy.

                                   Agronomy

   A*gron"o*my  (#),  n.  [Gr.  agronomie.] The management of land; rural
   economy; agriculture.

                                    Agrope

   A*grope"  (#),  adv.  &  a. [Pref. a- + grope.] In the act of groping.
   Mrs. Browning.

                                   Agrostis

   A*gros"tis  (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. A genus of grasses, including species
   called  in  common  language  bent  grass.  Some  of  them,  as redtop
   (Agrostis vulgaris), are valuable pasture grasses.

                       Agrostographic, Agrostographical

   A*gros`to*graph"ic   (#),   A*gros`to*graph"ic*al   (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.
   agrostographique.] Pertaining to agrostography.

                                 Agrostography

   Ag`ros*tog"ra*phy (#), n. [Gr. -graphy.] A description of the grasses.

                         Agrostologic, Agrostological

   A*gros`to*log"ic   (#),  A*gros`to*log"ic*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to
   agrostology.

                                 Agrostologist

   Ag`ros*tol"o*gist (#), n. One skilled in agrostology.

                                  Agrostology

   Ag`ros*tol"ogy  (#),  n. [Gr. -logy.] That part of botany which treats
   of the grasses.

                                    Aground

   A*ground" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + ground.] On the ground; stranded;
   --  a  nautical  term  applied to a ship when its bottom lodges on the
   ground. Totten.

                                  Agroupment

   A*group"ment (#), n. See Aggroupment.

                                  Agrypnotic

   Ag`ryp*not"ic  (#),  n.  [Gr.  agrypnotique.]  Anything which prevents
   sleep, or produces wakefulness, as strong tea or coffee.

                                  Aguardiente

   A`guar*di*en"te  (#),  n.  [Sp., contr. of agua ardiente burning water
   (L. aqua water + ardens burning).]

   1. A inferior brandy of Spain and Portugal.

   2.  A  strong  alcoholic drink, especially pulque. [Mexico and Spanish
   America.]

                                     Ague

   A"gue  (#), n. [OE. agu, ague, OF. agu, F. aigu, sharp, OF. fem. ague,
   LL.  (febris)  acuta,  a  sharp, acute fever, fr. L. acutus sharp. See
   Acute.]

   1. An acute fever. [Obs.] "Brenning agues." P. Plowman.

   2.  (Med.)  An  intermittent fever, attended by alternate cold and hot
   fits.

   3.  The  cold  fit  or  rigor of the intermittent fever; as, fever and
   ague.

   4. A chill, or state of shaking, as with cold. Dryden.
   Ague  cake,  an  enlargement  of  the spleen produced by ague. -- Ague
   drop,  a  solution  of  the arsenite of potassa used for ague. -- Ague
   fit,  a fit of the ague. Shak. -- Ague spell, a spell or charm against
   ague.  Gay.  --  Ague tree, the sassafras, -- sometimes so called from
   the use of its root formerly, in cases of ague. [Obs.]

                                     Ague

   A"gue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agued (#).] To strike with an ague, or with
   a cold fit. Heywood.

                                    Aguilt

   A*guilt"  (#),  v.  t.  To be guilty of; to offend; to sin against; to
   wrong. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Aguise

   A*guise" (#), n. Dress. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

                                    Aguise

   A*guise",  v.  t.  [Pref  a-  + guise.] To dress; to attire; to adorn.
   [Obs.]

     Above all knights ye goodly seem aguised. Spenser.

                                    Aguish

   A"gu*ish (#), a.

   1.  Having  the  qualities  of  an  ague;  somewhat cold or shivering;
   chilly; shaky.

     Her aguish love now glows and burns. Granville.

   2.  Productive  of,  or affected by, ague; as, the aguish districts of
   England. T. Arnold. A"gu*ish*ness, n.

                                     Agush

   A*gush"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref.  a-  +  gush.]  In a gushing state.
   Hawthorne.

                                    Agynous

   Ag"y*nous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Without female organs; male.

                                      Ah

   Ah (#), interj. [OE. a: cf. OF. a, F. ah, L. ah, Gr. \'be, Icel. \'91,
   OHG.  \'be,  Lith.  \'a0,  \'a0\'a0.]  An  exclamation,  expressive of
   surprise,  pity,  complaint, entreaty, contempt, threatening, delight,
   triumph, etc., according to the manner of utterance.

                                      Aha

   A*ha"  (#),  interj. [Ah, interj. + ha.] An exclamation expressing, by
   different  intonations,  triumph,  mixed  with  derision  or irony, or
   simple surprise.

                                      Aha

   A*ha", n. A sunk fence. See Ha-ha. Mason.

                                     Ahead

   A*head" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + head.]

   1. In or to the front; in advance; onward.

     The island bore but a little ahead of us. Fielding.

   2. Headlong; without restraint. [Obs.] L'Estrange.
   To go ahead. (a) To go in advance. (b) To go on onward. (c) To push on
   in  an  enterprise. [Colloq] -- To get ahead of. (a) To get in advance
   of. (b) To surpass; to get the better of. [Colloq.]

                                     Aheap

   A*heap"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a-  + heap.] In a heap; huddled together.
   Hood.

                                    Aheight

   A*height"  (#), adv. [Pref. a- + height.] Aloft; on high. [Obs.] "Look
   up aheight." Shak.

                                     Ahem

   A*hem" (#), interj. An exclamation to call one's attention; hem.

                                     Ahey

   A*hey" (#), interj. Hey; ho.

                                     Ahigh

   A*high" (#), adv. On high. [Obs.] Shak.

                                     Ahold

   A*hold"  (#), adv. [Pref. a- + hold.] Near the wind; as, to lay a ship
   ahold. [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Ahorseback

   A*horse"back (#), adv. On horseback.

     Two suspicious fellows ahorseback. Smollet.

                                     Ahoy

   A*hoy"  (#),  interj.  [OE.  a, interj. + hoy.] (Naut.) A term used in
   hailing; as, "Ship ahoy."

                                    Ahriman

   Ah"ri*man  (#),  n.  [Per.] The Evil Principle or Being of the ancient
   Persians;  the  Prince  of  Darkness as opposer to Ormuzd, the King of
   Light.

                                      Ahu

   A"hu (#), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The Asiatic gazelle.

                                     Ahull

   A*hull"  (#),  adv.  [Pref. a- + hull.] (Naut.) With the sails furled,
   and the helm lashed alee; -- applied to ships in a storm. See Hull, n.

                                   Ahungered

   A*hun"gered  (#),  a. [Pref. a- + hungered.] Pinched with hunger; very
   hungry. C. Bront\'82.

                                      Ai

   A"i (#), n.; pl. Ais (#). [Braz. a\'8b, ha\'8b, from the animal's cry:
   cf.  F. a\'8b.] (Zo\'94l.) The three-toed sloth (Bradypus tridactylus)
   of South America. See Sloth.

                                Aiblins, Ablins

   Ai"blins,  A"blins  (#),  adv. [See Able.] Perhaps; possibly. [Scotch]
   Burns.

                                 Aich's metal

   Aich's  met"al  (#). A kind of gun metal, containing copper, zinc, and
   iron, but no tin.

                                      Aid

   Aid  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aided (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Aiding.] [F.
   aider, OF. aidier, fr. L. adjutare to help, freq. of adjuvare to help;
   ad  +  juvare to help. Cf. Adjutant.] To support, either by furnishing
   strength or means in co\'94peration to effect a purpose, or to prevent
   or to remove evil; to help; to assist.

     You  speedy  helpers  .  .  . Appear and aid me in this enterprise.
     Shak.

   Syn.  -- To help; assist; support; sustain; succor; relieve; befriend;
   co\'94perate; promote. See Help.

                                      Aid

   Aid, n. [F. aide, OF. a\'8bde, a\'8be, fr. the verb. See Aid, v. t.]

   1. Help; succor; assistance; relief.

     An unconstitutional mode of obtaining aid. Hallam.

   2.  The  person  or  thing that promotes or helps in something done; a
   helper; an assistant.

     It  is  not  good that man should be alone; let us make unto him an
     aid like unto himself. Tobit viii. 6.

   3.  (Eng. Hist.) A subsidy granted to the king by Parliament; also, an
   exchequer loan.

   4.  (Feudal  Law)  A pecuniary tribute paid by a vassal to his lord on
   special occasions. Blackstone.

   5. An aid-de-camp, so called by abbreviation; as, a general's aid.
   Aid  prayer  (Law),  a  proceeding  by which a defendant beseeches and
   claims  assistance  from  some one who has a further or more permanent
   interest  in  the  matter  in  suit. -- To pray in aid, to beseech and
   claim such assistance.

                                    Aidance

   Aid"ance (#), n. [Cf. OF. aidance.] Aid. [R.]

     Aidance 'gainst the enemy. Shak.

                                    Aidant

   Aid"ant  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F. aidant, p. pr. of aider to help.] Helping;
   helpful; supplying aid. Shak.

                                  Aid-de-camp

   Aid"-de-camp`  (#),  n.;  pl.  Aids-de-camp.  (#).  [F.  aide  de camp
   (literally)  camp  assistant.] (Mil.) An officer selected by a general
   to carry orders, also to assist or represent him in correspondence and
   in directing movements.

                                     Aider

   Aid"er (#), n. One who, or that which, aids.

                                    Aidful

   Aid"ful (#), a. Helpful. [Archaic.] Bp. Hall.

                                    Aidless

   Aid"less, a. Helpless; without aid. Milton.

                                   Aid-major

   Aid"-ma`jor (#), n. The adjutant of a regiment.

                                     Aiel

   Ai"el (#), n. See Ayle. [Obs.]

                                    Aiglet

   Aig"let (#), n. Same as Aglet.

                                     Aigre

   Ai"gre (#), a. [F. See Eager.] Sour. [Obs.] Shak.

                                   Aigremore

   Ai"gre*more  (#), n. [F. origin unknown.] Charcoal prepared for making
   powder.

                               Aigret, Aigrette

   Ai"gret (#), Ai*grette (#), n. [F., a sort of white heron, with a tuft
   of  feathers on its head; a tuft of feathers; dim. of the same word as
   heron. See Heron, and cf. Egret, Egrette.]

   1. (Zo\'94l.) The small white European heron. See Egret.

   2. A plume or tuft for the head composed of feathers, or of gems, etc.
   Prescott.

   3.  A  tuft  like  that of the egret. (Bot.) A feathery crown of seed;
   egret; as, the aigrette or down of the dandelion or the thistle.

                                   Aiguille

   Ai`guille" (#), n. [F., a needle. See Aglet.]

   1. A needle-shaped peak.

   2. An instrument for boring holes, used in blasting.

                                  Aiguillette

   Ai`guil*lette" (#), n. [F. See Aglet.]

   1. A point or tag at the end of a fringe or lace; an aglet.

   2.  One  of  the ornamental tags, cords, or loops on some military and
   naval uniforms.

                                    Aigulet

   Ai"gu*let (#), n. See Aglet. Spenser.

                                      Ail

   Ail  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ailed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Ailing.] [OE.
   eilen,  ailen,  AS. eglan to trouble, pain; akin to Goth. us-agljan to
   distress, agls troublesome, irksome, aglo, aglitha, pain, and prob. to
   E.  awe. To affect with pain or uneasiness, either physical or mental;
   to  trouble; to be the matter with; -- used to express some uneasiness
   or  affection,  whose  cause is unknown; as, what ails the man? I know
   not what ails him.

     What aileth thee, Hagar? Gen. xxi. 17.

     NOTE: &hand; It  is never used to express a specific disease. We do
     not say, a fever ails him; but, something ails him.

                                      Ail

   Ail,  v.  i. To be affected with pain or uneasiness of any sort; to be
   ill or indisposed or in trouble.

     When he ails ever so little . . . he is so peevish. Richardson.

                                      Ail

   Ail, n. Indisposition or morbid affection. Pope.

                                   Ailanthus

   Ai*lan"thus (#), n. Same as Ailantus.

                                   Ailantus

   Ai*lan"tus  (#),  n. [From aylanto, i. e., tree of heaven, the name of
   the  tree in the Moluccas.] (Bot.) A genus of beautiful trees, natives
   of the East Indies. The tree imperfectly di

                                    Ailette

   Ai*lette  (#),  n.  [F.  ailette,  dim. of aile wing, L. ala.] A small
   square shield, formerly worn on the shoulders of knights, -- being the
   prototype of the modern epaulet. Fairholt.

                                    Ailment

   Ail"ment  (#),  n. Indisposition; morbid affection of the body; -- not
   applied ordinarily to acute diseases. "Little ailments." Landsdowne.

                                  Ailuroidea

   Ai`lu*roid"e*a  (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   the Carnivora, which includes the cats, civets, and hyenas.

                                      Aim

   Aim  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Aimed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Aiming.] [OE.
   amen,  aimen,  eimen,  to  guess  at,  to estimate, to aim, OF. esmer,
   asmer,  fr.  L.  aestimare to estimate; or perh. fr. OF. aesmer; ad) +
   esmer. See Estimate.]

   1.  To  point or direct a missile weapon, or a weapon which propels as
   missile,  towards an object or spot with the intent of hitting it; as,
   to aim at a fox, or at a target.

   2.  To  direct the indention or purpose; to attempt the accomplishment
   of a purpose; to try to gain; to endeavor; -- followed by at, or by an
   infinitive; as, to aim at distinction; to aim to do well.

     Aim'st thou at princes? Pope.

   3. To guess or conjecture. [Obs.] Shak.

                                      Aim

   Aim, v. t. To direct or point, as a weapon, at a particular object; to
   direct,  as  a missile, an act, or a proceeding, at, to, or against an
   object;  as,  to  aim  a  musket  or  an arrow, the fist or a blow (at
   something); to aim a satire or a reflection (at some person or vice).

                                      Aim

   Aim, n. [Cf. OF. esme estimation, fr. esmer. See Aim, v. i.]

   1.  The  pointing  of  a weapon, as a gun, a dart, or an arrow, in the
   line  of  direction with the object intended to be struck; the line of
   fire;  the  direction  of anything, as a spear, a blow, a discourse, a
   remark, towards a particular point or object, with a view to strike or
   affect it.

     Each at the head leveled his deadly aim. Milton.

   2.  The point intended to be hit, or object intended to be attained or
   affected.

     To be the aim of every dangerous shot. Shak.

   3. Intention; purpose; design; scheme.

     How oft ambitious aims are crossed! Pope.

   4. Conjecture; guess. [Obs.]

     What you would work me to, I have some aim. Shak.

   To  cry aim (Archery), to encourage. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- End; object;
   scope;   drift;   design;   purpose;   intention;   scheme;  tendency;
   aspiration.

                                     Aimer

   Aim"er (#), n. One who aims, directs, or points.

                                    Aimless

   Aim"less,  a.  Without  aim  or  purpose;  as,  an  aimless  life.  --
   Aim"less*ly, adv. -- Aim"less*ness, n.

                                     Aino

   Ai"no  (#), n. [Said to be the native name for man.] One of a peculiar
   race  inhabiting  Yesso, the Kooril Islands etc., in the northern part
   of  the empire of Japan, by some supposed to have been the progenitors
   of the Japanese. The Ainos are stout and short, with hairy bodies.

                                     Ain't

   Ain't (#). A contraction for are not and am not; also used for is not.
   [Colloq. or llliterate speech]. See An't.

                                      Air

   Air  (#),  n. [OE. air, eir, F. air, L. a\'89r, fr. Gr. wind. In sense
   10  the  French has taking a meaning fr. It. aria atmosphere, air, fr.
   the  same  Latin  word; and in senses 11, 12, 13 the French meaning is
   either  fr.  L.  aria,  or  due to confusion with F. aire, in an older
   sense of origin, descent. Cf. A, Debonair, Malaria, Wind.]

   1.  The  fluid  which  we  breathe, and which surrounds the earth; the
   atmosphere.   It   is   invisible,  inodorous,  insipid,  transparent,
   compressible, elastic, and ponderable.

     NOTE: &hand; By  th e an cient philosophers, air was regarded as an
     element;  but  modern  science  has  shown that it is essentially a
     mixture  of  oxygen  and  nitrogen,  with  a small amount of carbon
     dioxide,  the  average  proportions being, by volume: oxygen, 20.96
     per  cent.;  nitrogen,  79.00  per  cent.; carbon dioxide, 0.04 per
     cent.  These  proportions are subject to a very slight variability.
     Air also always contains some vapor of water.

   2.  Symbolically:  Something unsubstantial, light, or volatile. "Charm
   ache with air." Shak.

     He was still all air and fire. Macaulay

   .  [Air  and  fire  being the finer and quicker elements as opposed to
   earth and water.]

   3.  A  particular  state  of  the  atmosphere, as respects heat, cold,
   moisture,  etc.,  or  as  affecting the sensations; as, a smoky air, a
   damp air, the morning air, etc.

   4.  Any  a\'89riform body; a gas; as, oxygen was formerly called vital
   air. [Obs.]

   5. Air in motion; a light breeze; a gentle wind.

     Let vernal airs through trembling osiers play. Pope.

   6. Odoriferous or contaminated air.

   7. That which surrounds and influences.

     The keen, the wholesome air of poverty. Wordsworth.

   8. Utterance abroad; publicity; vent.

     You gave it air before me. Dryden.

   9. Intelligence; information. [Obs.] Bacon.

   10.  (Mus.)  (a)  A musical idea, or motive, rhythmically developed in
   consecutive  single  tones,  so  as to form a symmetrical and balanced
   whole, which may be sung by a single voice to the stanzas of a hymn or
   song,  or even to plain prose, or played upon an instrument; a melody;
   a  tune;  an  aria.  (b)  In harmonized chorals, psalmody, part songs,
   etc.,  the  part  which  bears the tune or melody -- in modern harmony
   usually the upper part -- is sometimes called the air.

   11.  The  peculiar  look,  appearance,  and bearing of a person; mien;
   demeanor;  as, the air of a youth; a heavy air; a lofty air. "His very
   air." Shak.

   12. Peculiar appearance; apparent character; semblance; manner; style.

     It was communicated with the air of a secret. Pope.

   12.  pl.  An  artificial  or affected manner; show of pride or vanity;
   haughtiness; as, it is said of a person, he puts on airs. Thackeray.
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   Page 35

   14.  (Paint.)  (a) The representation or reproduction of the effect of
   the atmospheric medium through which every object in nature is viewed.
   New Am. Cyc. (b) Carriage; attitude; action; movement; as, the head of
   that portrait has a good air. Fairholt.

   15. (Man.) The artificial motion or carriage of a horse.

     NOTE: &hand; Air is much used adjectively or as the first part of a
     compound  term. In most cases it might be written indifferently, as
     a  separate  limiting word, or as the first element of the compound
     term,  with or without the hyphen; as, air bladder, air-bladder, or
     airbladder; air cell, air-cell, or aircell; air-pump, or airpump.

   Air  balloon.  See  Balloon.  --  Air  bath.  (a) An apparatus for the
   application  of  air  to  the  body.  (b)  An  arrangement  for drying
   substances  in  air  of  any  desired  temperature. -- Air castle. See
   Castle  in  the  air,  under  Castle. -- Air compressor, a machine for
   compressing  air  to  be  used  as  a motive power. -- Air crossing, a
   passage  for air in a mine. -- Air cushion, an air-tight cushion which
   can  be inflated; also, a device for arresting motion without shock by
   confined  air.  --  Air fountain, a contrivance for producing a jet of
   water  by the force of compressed air. -- Air furnace, a furnace which
   depends  on  a natural draft and not on blast. -- Air line, a straight
   line; a bee line. Hence Air-line, adj.; as, air-line road. -- Air lock
   (Hydr.  Engin.), an intermediate chamber between the outer air and the
   compressed-air  chamber  of  a  pneumatic caisson. Knight. -- Air port
   (Nav.), a scuttle or porthole in a ship to admit air. -- Air spring, a
   spring in which the elasticity of air is utilized. -- Air thermometer,
   a form of thermometer in which the contraction and expansion of air is
   made  to  measure changes of temperature. -- Air threads, gossamer. --
   Air  trap, a contrivance for shutting off foul air or gas from drains,
   sewers,  etc.;  a  stench  trap.  --  Air  trunk,  a pipe or shaft for
   conducting  foul  or  heated air from a room. -- Air valve, a valve to
   regulate  the  admission  or  egress  of air; esp. a valve which opens
   inwardly  in  a  steam  boiler  and allows air to enter. -- Air way, a
   passage  for  a  current of air; as the air way of an air pump; an air
   way  in  a mine. -- In the air. (a) Prevalent without traceable origin
   or  authority,  as  rumors.  (b)  Not  in  a fixed or stable position;
   unsettled.  (c) (Mil.) Unsupported and liable to be turned or taken in
   flank;  as,  the  army  had its wing in the air. -- To take air, to be
   divulged; to be made public. -- To take the air, to go abroad; to walk
   or ride out.

                                      Air

   Air  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aired (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Airing.] [See
   Air, n., and cf. A.]

   1.  To  expose  to  the air for the purpose of cooling, refreshing, or
   purifying; to ventilate; as, to air a room.

     It were good wisdom . . . that the jail were aired. Bacon.

     Were you but riding forth to air yourself. Shak.

   2. To expose for the sake of public notice; to display ostentatiously;
   as, to air one's opinion.

     Airing a snowy hand and signet gem. Tennyson.

   3.  To  expose  to  heat, for the purpose of expelling dampness, or of
   warming; as, to air linen; to air liquors.

                                    Air bed

   Air" bed` (#). A sack or matters inflated with air, and used as a bed.

                                  Air bladder

   Air" blad`der (#).

   1.  (Anat.)  An  air  sac, sometimes double or variously lobed, in the
   visceral  cavity  of many fishes. It originates in the same way as the
   lungs  of  air-breathing  vertebrates,  and  in the adult may retain a
   tubular connection with the pharynx or esophagus.

   2.  A  sac  or  bladder full of air in an animal or plant; also an air
   hole in a casting.

                                   Air brake

   Air"  brake`  (#).  (Mach.) A railway brake operated by condensed air.
   Knight.

                                   Air-built

   Air"-built`  (#),  a.  Erected in the air; having no solid foundation;
   chimerical; as, an air-built castle.

                                   Air cell

   Air" cell` (#).

   1.  (Bot.)  A  cavity in the cellular tissue of plants, containing air
   only.

   2.  (Anat.)  A receptacle of air in various parts of the system; as, a
   cell  or minute cavity in the walls of the air tubes of the lungs; the
   air sac of birds; a dilatation of the air vessels in insects.

                                  Air chamber

   Air" cham`ber (#).

   1. A chamber or cavity filled with air, in an animal or plant.

   2.  A cavity containing air to act as a spring for equalizing the flow
   of a liquid in a pump or other hydraulic machine.

                                   Air cock

   Air" cock` (#). A faucet to allow escape of air.

                                   Air-drawn

   Air"-drawn" (#), a. Drawn in air; imaginary.

     This is the air-drawn dagger. Shak.

                                   Air drill

   Air"  drill`  (#). A drill driven by the elastic pressure of condensed
   air; a pneumatic drill. Knight.

                                  Air engine

   Air"  engine`  (#).  An  engine driven by heated or by compressed air.
   Knight.

                                     Airer

   Air"er (#), n.

   1. One who exposes to the air.

   2. A frame on which clothes are aired or dried.

                                    Air gas

   Air" gas` (#). See under Gas.

                                    Air gun

   Air"  gun`  (#). A kind of gun in which the elastic force of condensed
   air  is  used  to discharge the ball. The air is powerfully compressed
   into  a  reservoir  attached  to the gun, by a condensing pump, and is
   controlled by a valve actuated by the trigger. <-- airhead -->

                                   Air hole

   Air" hole` (#).

   1.  A  hole to admit or discharge air; specifically, a spot in the ice
   not frozen over.

   2.  (Founding)  A  fault  in a casting, produced by a bubble of air; a
   blowhole.

                                    Airily

   Air"i*ly  (#),  adv.  In  an  airy  manner;  lightly; gaily; jauntily;
   fippantly.

                                   Airiness

   Air"i*ness, n.

   1.  The  state  or  quality of being airy; openness or exposure to the
   air; as, the airiness of a country seat.

   2.  Lightness  of  spirits;  gayety; levity; as, the airiness of young
   persons.

                                    Airing

   Air"ing (#), n.

   1.  A  walk  or a ride in the open air; a short excursion for health's
   sake.

   2.  An  exposure  to air, or to a fire, for warming, drying, etc.; as,
   the airing of linen, or of a room.

                                  Air jacket

   Air"  jack`et  (#). A jacket having air-tight cells, or cavities which
   can be filled with air, to render persons buoyant in swimming.

                                    Airless

   Air"less (#), a. Not open to a free current of air; wanting fresh air,
   or communication with the open air.

                                   Air level

   Air" lev`el (#). Spirit level. See Level.

                                    Airlike

   Air"like` (#), a. Resembling air.

                                    Airling

   Air"ling  (#), n. A thoughtless, gay person. [Obs.] "Slight airlings."
   B. Jonson.

                                   Airometer

   Air*om"e*ter (#), n. [Air + -meter.] A hollow cylinder to contain air.
   It  is  closed above and open below, and has its open end plunged into
   water.

                                   Air pipe

   Air"  pipe`  (#).  A  pipe  for the passage of air; esp. a ventilating
   pipe.

                                   Air plant

   Air"  plant`  (#). (Bot.) A plant deriving its sustenance from the air
   alone; an a\'89rophyte.

     NOTE: &hand; Th  e "F  lorida mo ss" (T illandsia), ma ny tr opical
     orchids,  and  most  mosses and lichens are air plants. Those which
     are lodged upon trees, but not parasitic on them, are epiphytes.

                                   Air poise

   Air" poise` (#). [See Poise.] A

                                   Air pump

   Air" pump` (#).

   1. (Physics) A kind of pump for exhausting air from a vessel or closed
   space; also, a pump to condense air of force in into a closed space.

   2.  (Steam  Engines)  A  pump  used  to  exhaust  from a condenser the
   condensed  steam,  the  water  used for condensing, and any commingled
   air.

                                    Air sac

   Air"  sac`  (#).  (Anat.) One of the spaces in different parts. of the
   bodies  of birds, which are filled with air and connected with the air
   passages of the lungs; an air cell.

                                   Air shaft

   Air"  shaft` (#). A passage, usually vertical, for admitting fresh air
   into a mine or a tunnel.

                                  Air-slacked

   Air"-slacked`  (#), a. Slacked, or pulverized, by exposure to the air;
   as, air-slacked lime.

                                   Air stove

   Air"  stove`  (#).  A  stove  for  heating  a  current of air which is
   directed  against  its surface by means of pipes, and then distributed
   through a building.

                                   Air-tight

   Air"-tight`  (#),  a.  So  tight  as  to be impermeable to air; as, an
   air-tight cylinder.

                                   Air-tight

   Air"-tight`, n. A stove the draft of which can be almost entirely shut
   off. [Colloq. U. S.]

                                  Air vessel

   Air"  ves`sel  (#).  A  vessel,  cell,  duct,  or  tube  containing or
   conducting  air;  as  the air vessels of insects, birds, plants, etc.;
   the  air  vessel  of  a  pump,  engine,  etc.  For the latter, see Air
   chamber.  The  air vessels of insects are called trache\'91, of plants
   spiral vessels.

                               Airward, Airwards

   Air"ward (#), Air"wards (#), adv. Toward the air; upward. [R.] Keats.

                                     Airy

   Air"y (#), a.

   1. Consisting of air; as, an airy substance; the airy parts of bodies.

   2.  Relating  or belonging to air; high in air; a\'89rial; as, an airy
   flight. "The airy region." Milton.

   3.  Open  to a free current of air; exposed to the air; breezy; as, an
   airy situation.

   4.  Resembling  air;  thin;  unsubstantial; not material; airlike. "An
   airy spirit." Shak.

   5. Relating to the spirit or soul; delicate; graceful; as, airy music.

   6.  Without  reality;  having  no  solid  foundation; empty; trifling;
   visionary. "Airy fame." Shak.

     Empty sound, and airy notions. Roscommon.

   7. Light of heart; vivacious; sprightly; flippant; superficial. "Merry
   and airy." Jer. Taylor.

   8.  Having  an affected manner; being in the habit of putting on airs;
   affectedly grand. [Colloq.]

   9.  (Paint.)  Having  the  light  and  a\'89rial tints true to nature.
   Elmes.

                                     Aisle

   Aisle  (#),  n.  [OF.  ele, F. aile, wing, wing of a building, L. ala,
   contr.  fr.  axilla.]  (Arch.)  (a)  A lateral division of a building,
   separated  from  the middle part, called the nave, by a row of columns
   or  piers, which support the roof or an upper wall containing windows,
   called  the clearstory wall. (b) Improperly used also for the have; --
   as  in  the phrases, a church with three aisles, the middle aisle. (c)
   Also  (perhaps  from  confusion  with alley), a passage into which the
   pews of a church open.

                                    Aisled

   Aisled (#), a. Furnished with an aisle or aisles.

                                    Aisless

   Ais"less (#), a. Without an aisle.

                                      Ait

   Ait (#), n. [AS. \'c6eg, \'c6g, island. See Eyot.] An islet, or little
   isle, in a river or lake; an eyot.

     The ait where the osiers grew. R. Hodges (1649).

     Among green aits and meadows. Dickens.

                                      Ait

   Ait (#), n. Oat. [Scot.] Burns.

                                     Aitch

   Aitch (#), n. The letter h or H.

                                   Aitchbone

   Aitch"bone`  (#),  n.  [For  nachebone.  For loss of n, cf. Adder. See
   Natch.]  The  bone of the rump; also, the cut of beef surrounding this
   bone. [Spelt also edgebone.]

                                   Aitiology

   Ai`ti*ol"o*gy (#), n. See \'92tiology.

                                     Ajar

   A*jar" (#), adv. [OE. on char ajar, on the turn; AS. cerr, cyrr, turn,
   akin  to  G.  kehren  to  turn,  and to D. akerre. See Char.] Slightly
   turned or opened; as, the door was standing ajar.

                                     Ajar

   A*jar"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a-  +  jar.] In a state of discord; out of
   harmony; as, he is ajar with the world.

                                     Ajog

   A*jog" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + jog.] On the jog.

                                    Ajutage

   Aj"u*tage  (#),  n. [F. ajutage, for ajoutage, fr. ajouter to add, LL.
   adjuxtare,  fr.  L. ad + juxta near to, nigh. Cf. Adjutage, Adjustage,
   Adjust.]  A tube through which is water is discharged; an efflux tube;
   as, the ajutage of a fountain.

                                      Ake

   Ake (#), n. & v. See Ache.

                                     Akene

   A*kene" (#), n. (Bot.) Same as Achene.

                                    Aketon

   Ak"e*ton (#), n. [Obs.] See Acton.

                                    Akimbo

   A*kim"bo (#), a. [Etymology unknown. Cf. Kimbo.] With a crook or bend;
   with  the  hand  on  the  hip  and elbow turned outward. "With one arm
   akimbo." Irving.

                                     Akin

   A*kin" (#), a. [Pref. a- (for of) + kin.]

   1.  Of the same kin; related by blood; -- used of persons; as, the two
   families are near akin.

   2.  Allied  by  nature;  partaking of the same properties; of the same
   kind. "A joy akin to rapture." Cowper.

     The  literary character of the work is akin to its moral character.
     Jeffrey.

     NOTE: &hand; This adjective is used only after the noun.

                                   Akinesia

   Ak`i*ne"si*a  (#),  n. [Gr. (Med.) Paralysis of the motor nerves; loss
   of movement. Foster.

                                   Akinesic

   Ak`i*ne"sic (#), a. (med.) Pertaining to akinesia.

                                     Aknee

   A*knee" (#), adv. On the knee. [R.] Southey.

                                     Aknow

   Ak*now"   (#).  Earlier  form  of  Acknow.  [Obs.]  To  be  aknow,  to
   acknowledge; to confess. [Obs.]

                                      Al

   Al (#), a. All. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                      Al-

   Al-.   A   prefix.   (a)  [AS.  eal.]  All;  wholly;  completely;  as,
   almighty,almost.  (b)  [L. ad.] To; at; on; -- in OF. shortened to a-.
   See Ad-. (c) The Arabic definite article answering to the English the;
   as, Alkoran, the Koran or the Book; alchemy, the chemistry.

                                      Al

   Al. conj. Although; if. [Obs.] See All, conj.

                                      Ala

   A"la  (#), n.; pl. Al\'91 (#). [L., a wing.] (Biol.) A winglike organ,
   or part.

                                Alabama period

   Al`a*ba"ma  pe"ri*od (#). (Geol.) A period in the American eocene, the
   lowest in the tertiary age except the lignitic.

                                   Alabaster

   Al"a*bas"ter (#), n. [L. alabaster, Gr. Alabastron, the name of a town
   in Egypt, near which it was common: cf. OF. alabastre, F. alb\'83tre.]

   1.  (Min.)  (a)  A  compact variety or sulphate of lime, or gypsum, of
   fine texture, and usually white and translucent, but sometimes yellow,
   red,  or  gray.  It is carved into vases, mantel ornaments, etc. (b) A
   hard,  compact  variety of carbonate of lime, somewhat translucent, or
   of  banded shades of color; stalagmite. The name is used in this sense
   by Pliny. It is sometimes distinguished as oriental alabaster.

   2.  A  box  or  vessel  for holding odoriferous ointments, etc.; -- so
   called from the stone of which it was originally made. Fosbroke.

                                  Alabastrian

   Al`a*bas"tri*an (#), a. Alabastrine.

                                  Alabastrine

   Al`a*bas"trine  (#),  a.  Of,  pertaining  to,  or like, alabaster; as
   alabastrine limbs.

                                  Alabastrum

   Al`a*bas"trum  (#),  n.; pl. Alabastra (#). [NL.] (Bot.) A flower bud.
   Gray.

                                     Alack

   A*lack"  (#),  interj.  [Prob.  from  ah! lack! OE. lak loss, failure,
   misfortune.  See Lack.] An exclamation expressive of sorrow. [Archaic.
   or Poet.] Shak.

                                   Alackaday

   A*lack"a*day`  (#),  interj.  [For  alack  the  day. Cf. Lackaday.] An
   exclamation expressing sorrow.

     NOTE: &hand; Sh akespeare ha s "alack the day" and "alack the heavy
     day." Compare "woe worth the day."

                                   Alacrify

   A*lac"ri*fy  (#),  v. t. [L. alacer, alacris, lively + -fly.] To rouse
   to action; to inspirit.

                                   Alacrious

   A*lac"ri*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  alacer, alacris.] Brisk; joyously active;
   lively.

     'T were well if we were a little more alacrious. Hammond.

                                  Alacriously

   A*lac"ri*ous*ly, adv. With alacrity; briskly.

                                 Alacriousness

   A*lac"ri*ous*ness, n. Alacrity. [Obs.] Hammond.

                                   Alacrity

   A*lac"ri*ty  (#),  n.  [L.  alacritas, fr. alacer lively, eager, prob.
   akin  to  Gr.  aljan  zeal.]  A  cheerful  readiness,  willingness, or
   promptitude;   joyous  activity;  briskness;  sprightliness;  as,  the
   soldiers advanced with alacrity to meet the enemy.

     I  have  not  that alacrity of spirit, Nor cheer of mind that I was
     wont to have. Shak.

                                   Aladinist

   A*lad"in*ist  (#),  n.  [From  Aladin, for Ala Eddin, i. e., height of
   religion,  a learned divine under Mohammed II. and Bajazet II.] One of
   a sect of freethinkers among the Mohammedans.

                            Alalonga, or Alilonghi

   Al`a*lon"ga  (#),  or  Al`i*lon"ghi  (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) The tunny. See
   Albicore.

                                    Alamire

   A`la*mi"re  (#),  n.  [Compounded of a la mi re, names of notes in the
   musical  scale.]  The  lowest note but one in Guido Aretino's scale of
   music.

                                  Alamodality

   Al`a*mo*dal"i*ty (#), n. The quality of being \'85 la mode; conformity
   to the mode or fashion; fashionableness. [R.] Southey.

                                    Alamode

   Al"a*mode`  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [F.  \'85  la  mode after the fashion.]
   According  to  the  fashion  or prevailing mode. "Alamode beef shops."
   Macaulay.

                                    Alamode

   Al"a*mode`,  n.  A  thin, black silk for hoods, scarfs, etc.; -- often
   called simply mode. Buchanan.

                                    Alamort

   Al`a*mort"  (#),  a. [F. \'85 la mort to the death. Cf. Amort.] To the
   death; mortally.

                                     Alan

   A*lan"  (#),  n. [OF. alan, alant; cf. Sp. alano.] A wolfhound. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                     Aland

   A*land"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a- + land.] On land; to the land; ashore.
   "Cast aland." Sir P. Sidney.

                                    Alanine

   Al"a*nine  (#),  n. [Aldehyde + the ending -ine. The -n- is a euphonic
   insertion.]  (Chem.)  A  white crystalline base, C3H7NO2, derived from
   aldehyde  ammonia.<--  one  of the amino acids found in the protein of
   most living tissues -->

                                    Alantin

   A*lan"tin  (#),  n.  [G.  alant  elecampane,  the  Inula  helenium  of
   Linn\'91us.] (Chem.) See Inulin.

                                     Alar

   A"lar (#), a. [L. alarius, fr. ala wing: cf. F. alaire.]

   1. Pertaining to, or having, wings.

   2. (Bot.) Axillary; in the fork or axil. Gray.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 36

                                     Alarm

   A*larm"  (#), n. [F. alarme, It. all' arme to arms ! fr. L. arma, pl.,
   arms. See Arms, and cf. Alarum.]

   1. A summons to arms, as on the approach of an enemy.

     Arming to answer in a night alarm. Shak.

   2.  Any  sound  or  information intended to give notice of approaching
   danger; a warming sound to arouse attention; a warning of danger.

     Sound an alarm in my holy mountain. Joel ii. 1.

   3.  A  sudden  attack;  disturbance;  broil. [R.] "These home alarms."
   Shak.

     Thy palace fill with insults and alarms. Pope.

   4.  Sudden  surprise  with  fear  or terror excited by apprehension of
   danger;  in  the  military use, commonly, sudden apprehension of being
   attacked by surprise.

     Alarm and resentment spread throughout the camp. Macaulay.

   5. A mechanical contrivance for awaking persons from sleep, or rousing
   their attention; an alarum.
   Alarm  bell,  a  bell  that  gives notice on danger. -- Alarm clock or
   watch,  a  clock  or  watch  which  can be so set as to ring or strike
   loudly at a prearranged hour, to wake from sleep, or excite attention.
   --  Alarm  gauge, a contrivance attached to a steam boiler for showing
   when the pressure of steam is too high, or the water in the boiler too
   low.  --  Alarm post, a place to which troops are to repair in case of
   an alarm. Syn. -- Fright; affright; terror; trepidation; apprehension;
   consternation;  dismay;  agitation;  disquiet;  disquietude. -- Alarm,
   Fright,  Terror,  Consternation. These words express different degrees
   of  fear  at  the approach of danger. Fright is fear suddenly excited,
   producing confusion of the senses, and hence it is unreflecting. Alarm
   is  the  hurried  agitation  of  feeling which springs from a sense of
   immediate  and  extreme  exposure.  Terror  is agitating and excessive
   fear,   which   usually   benumbs   the  faculties.  Consternation  is
   overwhelming   fear,   and  carries  a  notion  of  powerlessness  and
   amazement.   Alarm   agitates   the  feelings;  terror  disorders  the
   understanding  and affects the will; fright seizes on and confuses the
   sense;  consternation  takes  possession  of the soul, and subdues its
   faculties. See Apprehension.

                                     Alarm

   A*larm",  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Alarmed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Alarming.]
   [Alarm, n. Cf. F. alarmer.]

   1.  To  call  to  arms  for  defense;  to  give notice to (any one) of
   approaching  danger;  to  rouse to vigilance and action; to put on the
   alert.

   2. To keep in excitement; to disturb.

   3.  To  surprise  with apprehension of danger; to fill with anxiety in
   regard to threatening evil; to excite with sudden fear.

     Alarmed by rumors of military preparation. Macaulay.

                                   Alarmable

   A*larm"a*ble (#), a. Easily alarmed or disturbed.

                                    Alarmed

   A*larmed" (#), a. Aroused to vigilance; excited by fear of approaching
   danger;  agitated;  disturbed; as, an alarmed neighborhood; an alarmed
   modesty.

     The white pavilions rose and fell On the alarmed air. Longfellow.

                                   Alarmedly

   A*larm"ed*ly (#), adv. In an alarmed manner.

                                   Alarming

   A*larm"ing,  a.  Exciting,  or  calculated  to  excite, alarm; causing
   apprehension   of  danger;  as,  an  alarming  crisis  or  report.  --
   A*larm"ing*ly, adv.

                                   Alarmist

   A*larm"ist,  n.  [Cf.  F.  alarmiste.]  One  prone  to sound or excite
   alarms, especially, needless alarms. Macaulay.

                                    Alarum

   A*lar"um  (?;  277),  n.  [OE. alarom, the same word as alarm, n.] See
   Alarm. [Now Poetic]

     NOTE: &hand; Th e variant form alarum is now commonly restricted to
     an  alarm signal or the mechanism to sound an alarm (as in an alarm
     clock.)

                                     Alary

   Al"a*ry (#), a. [L. alarius, fr. ala wing.] Of or pertaining to wings;
   also, wing-shaped.

     The alary system of insects. Wollaston.

                                     Alas

   A*las" (#), interj. [OE. alas, allas, OF. alas, F. h\'82las; a interj.
   (L. ah.) + las wretched (that I am), L. lassus weary, akin to E. late.
   See  Late.] An exclamation expressive of sorrow, pity, or apprehension
   of  evil;  -- in old writers, sometimes followed by day or white; alas
   the day, like alack a day, or alas the white.

                                     Alate

   A*late" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + late.] Lately; of late. [Archaic]

     There hath been alate such tales spread abroad. Latimer.

                                 Alate, Alated

   A"late  (#),  A"la*ted  (#),  a.  [L.  alatus, from ala wing.] Winged;
   having wings, or side appendages like wings.

                              Alatern, Alaternus

   Al"a*tern  (#), Al`a*ter"nus (#), n. [L. ala wing + terni three each.]
   (Bot.)  An ornamental evergreen shrub (Rhamnus alaternus) belonging to
   the buckthorns.

                                    Alation

   A*la"tion  (#),  n.  [F.,  fr.  L.  alatus winged.] The state of being
   winged.

                                    Alaunt

   A*launt" (#), n. See Alan. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                      Alb

   Alb  (#),  n.  [OE.  albe, LL. alba, fr. L. albus white. Cf. Album and
   Aube.]  A vestment of white linen, reaching to the feet, an enveloping
   the  person;  --  in  the Roman Catholic church, worn by those in holy
   orders  when  officiating  at  mass. It was formerly worn, at least by
   clerics, in daily life.

                                   Albacore

   Al"ba*core (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Albicore.

                                     Alban

   Al"ban  (#), n. [L. albus white.] (Chem.) A white crystalline resinous
   substance  extracted  from  gutta-percha  by  the action of alcohol or
   ether.

                                   Albanian

   Al*ba"ni*an (#), a. Of or pertaining to Albania, a province of Turkey.
   -- n. A native of Albania.

                                    Albata

   Al*ba"ta (#), n. [L. albatus, p. p. of albare to make white, fr. albus
   white.]  A  white  metallic  alloy;  which is made into spoons, forks,
   teapots, etc. British plate or German silver. See German silver, under
   German.

                                   Albatross

   Al"ba*tross  (#),  n. [Corrupt. fr. Pg. alcatraz cormorant, albatross,
   or  Sp.  alcatraz  a pelican: cf. Pg. alcatruz, Sp. arcaduz, a bucket,
   fr.  Ar. al-q\'bedus the bucket, fr. Gr. ka`dos, a water vessel. So an
   Arabic  term for pelican is water-carrier, as a bird carrying water in
   its  pouch.]  (Zo\'94l.)  A web-footed bird, of the genus Diomedea, of
   which  there  are  several species. They are the largest of sea birds,
   capable  of  long-continued  flight,  and  are  often  seen  at  great
   distances  from  the  land.  They  are  found  chiefly in the southern
   hemisphere.

                                  Albe, Albee

   Al`be", Al`bee" (#), conj. [See Albeit.] Although; albeit. [Obs.]

     Albe Clarissa were their chiefest founderess. Spenser.

                                    Albedo

   Al*be"do  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr.  albus  white.] Whiteness. Specifically:
   (Astron.)  The  ratio  which  the  light  reflected from an unpolished
   surface bears to the total light falling upon that surface.

                                    Albeit

   Al`be"it  (#),  conj.  [OE. al be although it be, where al is our all.
   Cf. Although.] Even though; although; notwithstanding. Chaucer.

     Albeit so masked, Madam, I love the truth. Tennyson.

                                   Albertite

   Al"bert*ite  (#), n. (Min.) A bituminous mineral resembling asphaltum,
   found in the county of A.

                                   Albertype

   Al"ber*type  (#),  n.  [From  the  name  of  the  inventor, Albert, of
   Munich.]  A  picture printed from a kind of gelatine plate produced by
   means of a photographic negative.

                                  Albescence

   Al*bes"cence (#), n. The act of becoming white; whitishness.

                                   Albescent

   Al*bes"cent  (#), a. [L. albescens, p. pr. of albescere to grow white,
   fr. albus white.] Becoming white or whitish; moderately white.

                                   Albicant

   Al"bi*cant  (#), a. [L. albicans, p. pr. of albicare, albicatum, to be
   white, fr. albus white.] Growing or becoming white.

                                  Albication

   Al`bi*ca"tion  (#),  n.  The  process of becoming white, or developing
   white patches, or streaks.

                                   Albicore

   Al"bi*core  (#),  n.  [F.  albicore  (cf.  Sp.  albacora, Pg. albacor,
   albacora,  albecora),  fr.  Ar.  bakr, bekr, a young camel, young cow,
   heifer, and the article al: cf. Pg. bacoro a little pig.] (Zo\'94l.) A
   name  applied  to  several  large  fishes of the Mackerel family, esp.
   Orcynus  alalonga.  One  species  (Orcynus  thynnus),  common  in  the
   Mediterranean  and  Atlantic,  is  called  in  New  England  the horse
   mackerel; the tunny. [Written also albacore.]

                                 Albification

   Al`bi*fi*ca"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. albification: L. albus white + ficare
   (only in comp.), facere, to make.] The act or process of making white.
   [Obs.]

                             Albigenses, Albigeois

   Al`bi*gen"ses  (#), Al`bi`geois" (#), n. pl. [From Albi and Albigeois,
   a  town  and  its  district  in the south of France, in which the sect
   abounded.]  (Eccl. Hist.) A sect of reformers opposed to the church of
   Rome in the 12th centuries.

     NOTE: The Al bigenses we re a  branch of the Catharists (the pure).
     They  were  exterminated by crusades and the Inquisition. They were
     distinct from the Waldenses.

                                  Albigensian

   Al`bi*gen"sian (#), a. Of or pertaining to the Albigenses.

                                   Albiness

   Al*bi"ness (#), n. A female albino. Holmes.

                                   Albinism

   Al"bi*nism  (#),  n.  The  state  or  condition  of  being  an albino:
   abinoism; leucopathy.

                                  Albinistic

   Al`bi*nis"tic (#), a. Affected with albinism.

                                    Albino

   Al*bi"no  (?;  277),  n.;  pl.  Albinos (#). [Sp. or Pg. albino, orig.
   whitish,  fr.  albo white, L. albus.] A person, whether negro, Indian,
   or  white,  in whom by some defect of organization the substance which
   gives  color  to  the skin, hair, and eyes is deficient or in a morbid
   state.  An  albino  has  a  skin of a milky hue, with hair of the same
   color, and eyes with deep red pupil and pink or blue iris. The term is
   also used of the lower animals, as white mice, elephants, etc.; and of
   plants  in  a whitish condition from the absence of chlorophyll. Amer.
   Cyc.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm was originally applied by the Portuguese to
     negroes  met  with  on  the  coast of Africa, who were mottled with
     white spots.

                                   Albinoism

   Al*bi"no*ism  (#),  n.  The  state  or  condition  of being an albino;
   albinism.

                                   Albinotic

   Al`bi*not"ic (#), a. Affected with albinism.

                                    Albion

   Al"bi*on  (#),  n.  [Prob. from the same root as Gael. alp a height or
   hill.  "It  may  have been bestowed on the land lying behind the white
   cliffs  visible  from  the  coast  of  Gaul.  Albany,  the old name of
   Scotland, means probably the "hilly land." I. Taylor.] An ancient name
   of England, still retained in poetry.

     In that nook-shotten isle of Albion. Shak.

                                    Albite

   Al"bite  (#),  n.  [L.  albus white.] (Min.) A mineral of the feldspar
   family, triclinic in crystallization, and in composition a silicate of
   alumina and soda. It is a common constituent of granite and of various
   igneous rocks. See Feldspar.

                                   Albolith

   Al"bo*lith (#), n. [L. albus white + -lith.] A kind of plastic cement,
   or  artificial  stone,  consisting  chiefly of magnesia and silica; --
   called also albolite.

                                    Alborak

   Al"bo*rak  (?; 277), n. [Ar. al-bur\'beq, fr. baraqa to flash, shine.]
   The  imaginary  milk-white  animal  on which Mohammed was said to have
   been carried up to heaven; a white mule.

                                  Albugineous

   Al`bu*gin"e*ous (#), a. [See Albugo.] Of the nature of, or resembling,
   the  white  of the eye, or of an egg; albuminous; -- a term applied to
   textures, humors, etc., which are perfectly white.

                                    Albugo

   Al*bu"go (#), n.; pl. Albugines (#). [L., whiteness, fr. albus white.]
   (Med.) Same as Leucoma.

                                     Album

   Al"bum (#), n. [L., neut. of albus white: cf. F. album. Cf. Alb.]

   1.  (Rom. Antiq.) A white tablet on which anything was inscribed, as a
   list of names, etc.

   2. A register for visitors' names; a visitors' book.

   3.  A  blank  book,  in  which to insert autographs sketches, memorial
   writing of friends, photographs, etc.

                                    Albumen

   Al*bu"men (#), n. [L., fr. albus white.]

   1. The white of an egg.

   2.  (Bot.)  Nourishing  matter stored up within the integuments of the
   seed  in  many  plants,  but not incorporated in the embryo. It is the
   floury  part  in  corn, wheat, and like grains, the oily part in poppy
   seeds, the fleshy part in the cocoanut, etc.

   3. (Chem.) Same as Albumin.

                                  Albumenize

   Al*bu"men*ize  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Albumenized (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Albumenizing.] To cover or saturate with albumen; to coat or treat
   with an albuminous solution; as, to albuminize paper.

                                Album Gr\'91cum

   Al"bum  Gr\'91"cum  (#).  [L.,  Greek  white.] Dung of dogs or hyenas,
   which  becomes  white  by  exposure  to  air.  It  is used in dressing
   leather, and was formerly used in medicine.

                                    Albumin

   Al*bu"min  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  A  thick, viscous nitrogenous substance,
   which is the chief and characteristic constituent of white of eggs and
   of  the  serum of blood, and is found in other animal substances, both
   fluid  and  solid,  also  in  many  plants.  It is soluble in water is
   coagulated  by  heat  ad by certain chemical reagents. Acid albumin, a
   modification  of albumin produced by the action of dilute acids. It is
   not  coagulated by heat. -- Alkali albumin, albumin as modified by the
   action of alkaline substances; -- called also albuminate.

                                  Albuminate

   Al*bu"mi*nate (#), n. (Chem.) A substance produced by the action of an
   alkali  upon albumin, and resembling casein in its properties; also, a
   compound formed by the union of albumin with another substance.

                                Albuminiferous

   Al*bu`mi*nif"er*ous (#), a. [L. albumen + -ferous.] Supplying albumen.

                                 Albuminimeter

   Al*bu`mi*nim"e*ter  (#),  n.  [L.  albumen, albuminis + -meter: cf. F.
   albuminim\'8atre.]  An  instrument  for  ascertaining  the quantity of
   albumen in a liquid.

                                   Albuminin

   Al*bu"mi*nin  (#), n. (Chem.) The substance of the cells which inclose
   the white of birds' eggs.

                                Albuminiparous

   Al*bu`mi*nip"a*rous  (#),  a.  [L.  albumen  +  parere  to bear, bring
   forth.] Producing albumin.

                                  Albuminoid

   Al*bu"mi*noid (#), a. [L. albumen + -oid.] (Chem.) Resembling albumin.
   --  n.  One  of  a  class of organic principles (called also proteids)
   which  form  the  main  part  of  organized tissues.<-- = protein. -->
   Brunton.

                                 Albuminoidal

   Al*bu`mi*noid"al (#), a. (Chem.) Of the nature of an albuminoid.

                                  Albuminose

   Al*bu"mi*nose`  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  A  diffusible substance formed from
   albumin  by  the  action  of  natural or artificial gastric juice. See
   Peptone.  <-- *note* this term is used in this dictionary in the sense
   now expressed as "proteinaceous" -->

                            Albuminous, Albuminose

   Al*bu"mi*nous   (#),  Al*bu"mi*nose`  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  albumineux.]
   Pertaining  to,  or  containing, albumen; having the properties of, or
   resembling, albumen or albumin. -- Al*bu"mi*nous*ness, n.

                                  Albuminuria

   Al*bu`mi*nu"ri*a  (#),  n.  [NL., fr. L. albumen + Gr. (Med.) A morbid
   condition in which albumin is present in the urine.

                                   Albumose

   Al"bu*mose`  (#),  n.  [From  albumin.] (Chem.) A compound or class of
   compounds  formed  from albumin by dilute acids or by an acid solution
   of pepsin. Used also in combination, as antialbumose, hemialbumose.

                                    Alburn

   Al"burn  (#),  n.  [L.  alburnus,  fr.  L.  albus  white. Cf. Auburn.]
   (Zo\'94l.)  The  bleak,  a  small  European  fish  having  scales of a
   peculiarly silvery color which are used in making artificial pearls.

                                   Alburnous

   Al*bur"nous (#), a. Of or pertaining to alburnum; of the alburnum; as,
   alburnous substances.

                                   Alburnum

   Al*bur"num  (#), n. [L., fr. albus white.] (Bot.) The white and softer
   part  of  wood,  between  the inner bark and the hard wood or duramen;
   sapwood.

                                     Albyn

   Al"byn (#), n. [See Albion.] Scotland; esp. the Highlands of Scotland.
   T. Cambell.

                                    Alcade

   Al*cade" (#), n. Same as Alcaid.

                                   Alcahest

   Al"ca*hest (#), n. Same as Alkahest.

                                    Alcaic

   Al*ca"ic (#), a. [L. Alca\'8bcus, Gr. Pertaining to Alc\'91us, a lyric
   poet  of  Mitylene,  about 6000 b. c. -- n. A kind of verse, so called
   from  Alc\'91us.  One  variety  consists  of  five  feet, a spondee or
   iambic, an iambic, a long syllable, and two dactyls.

                                Alcaid, Alcayde

   Al*caid",  Al*cayde"  (#),  n.  [Sp.  alcaide,  fr.  Ar. al-q\'be\'c6d
   governor, fr. q\'beda to lead, govern.]

   1.   A  commander  of  a  castle  or  fortress  among  the  Spaniards,
   Portuguese, and Moors.

   2. The warden, or keeper of a jail.

                                    Alcalde

   Al*cal"de  (#), n. [Sp. alcalde, fr. Ar. al-q\'bed\'c6 judge, fr. qada
   to  decide,  judge.  Hence,  the  cadi  of  the  Turks.  Cf.  Cadi.] A
   magistrate or judge in Spain and in Spanish America, etc. Prescott.

     NOTE: &hand; Sometimes confounded with Alcaid.

                                  Alcalimeter

   Al`ca*lim"e*ter, n. See Alkalimeter.

                                    Alcanna

   Al*can"na  (#),  n. [Sp. alcana, alhe, fr. Ar. al-hinn\'be. See Henna,
   and  cf.  Alkanet.]  (Bot.)  An oriental shrub (Lawsonia inermis) from
   which henna is obtained.

                                   Alcarraza

   Al`car*ra"za  (#), n.; pl. Alcarrazas. (#) [Sp., from Ar. al-kurr\'bez
   earthen  vessel.]  A  vessel  of  porous earthenware, used for cooling
   liquids by evaporation from the exterior surface.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 37

                                    Alcayde

   Al*cayde" (#), n. Same as Alcaid.

                                    Alcazar

   Al*ca"zar  (#),  n.  [  fr.  Ar.  al  the + qacr (in pl.) a castle.] A
   fortress; also, a royal palace. Prescott.

                                    Alcedo

   Al*ce"do  (#),  n.  [L., equiv. to Gr. Halcyon.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
   perching birds, including the European kingfisher (Alcedo ispida). See
   Halcyon.

                             Alchemic, Alchemical

   Al*chem"ic  (#),  Al*chem"ic*al  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F. alchimique.] Of or
   relating to alchemy.

                                 Alchemically

   Al*chem"ic*al*ly, adv. In the manner of alchemy.

                                   Alchemist

   Al"che*mist  (#),  n.  [Cf.  OF.  alquemiste,  F. alchimiste.] One who
   practices alchemy.

     You are alchemist; make gold. Shak.

                          Alchemistic, Alchemistical

   Al`che*mis"tic   (#),   Al`che*mis"tic*al   (#),  a.  Relating  to  or
   practicing alchemy.

     Metaphysical and alchemistical legislators. Burke.

                                  Alchemistry

   Al"che*mis*try (#), n. Alchemy. [Obs.]

                                   Alchemize

   Al"che*mize (#), v. t. To change by alchemy; to transmute. Lovelace.

                                    Alchemy

   Al"che*my   (#),   n.   [OF.   alkemie,  arquemie,  F.  alchimie,  Ar.
   al-k\'c6m\'c6a,  fr.  late  Gr. alquimia, It. alchimia. Gr. fundere to
   pour,  Goth.  guitan,  AS.  ge\'a2tan, to pour, and so to E. fuse. See
   Fuse, and cf. Chemistry.]

   1.  An  imaginary  art  which aimed to transmute the baser metals into
   gold,  to  find the panacea, or universal remedy for diseases, etc. It
   led the way to modern chemistry.

   2.  A  mixed metal composed mainly of brass, formerly used for various
   utensils; hence, a trumpet. [Obs.]

     Put to their mouths the sounding alchemy. Milton.

   3.  Miraculous  power  of  transmuting something common into something
   precious.

     Kissing  with  golden  face the meadows green, Gilding pale streams
     with heavenly alchemy. Shak.

             Alchymic, a., Alchymist, n., Alchymistic, a., Alchymy

   Al*chym"ic  (#),  a.,  Al"chy*mist  (#),  n.,  Al`chy*mis"tic (#), a.,
   Al"chy*my (#), n. See Alchemic, Alchemist, Alchemistic, Alchemy.

                                     Alco

   Al"co  (#),  n.  A  small  South  American  dog,  domesticated  by the
   aborigines.

                               Alcoate, Alcohate

   Al"co*ate (#), Al"co*hate (#), n. Shortened forms of Alcoholate.

                                    Alcohol

   Al"co*hol  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  alcool,  formerly  written alcohol, Sp.
   alcohol alcohol, antimony, galena, OSp. alcofol; all fr. Ar. al-kohl a
   powder of antimony or galena, to paint the eyebrows with. The name was
   afterwards  applied,  on  account  of  the fineness of this powder, to
   highly  rectified  spirits, a signification unknown in Arabia. The Sp.
   word has bot meanings. Cf. Alquifou.]

   1. An impalpable powder. [Obs.]

   2.  The  fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by distillation. [Obs.]
   Boyle.

   3.  Pure  spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit (called also
   ethyl alcohol); the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or
   distilled   liquors,  or  more  loosely  a  liquid  containing  it  in
   considerable  quantity.  It  is  extracted by simple distillation from
   various  vegetable  juices and infusions of a saccharine nature, which
   have undergone vinous fermentation.

     NOTE: &hand; As  us ed in  th e U.  S.  "P harmacop&oe;ia, al cohol
     contains  91  per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and 9 per cent of
     water; and diluted alcohol (proof spirit) contains 45.5 per cent by
     weight of ethyl alcohol and 54.5 per cent of water.

   4.  (Organic Chem.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic alcohol in
   constitution.  Chemically  speaking,  they  are  hydroxides of certain
   organic  radicals; as, the radical ethyl forms common or ethyl alcohol
   (C2H5OH);  methyl  forms  methyl alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood spirit; amyl
   forms amyl alcohol (C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc.

                                  Alcoholate

   Al"co*hol*ate  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  alcolaie.] (Chem.) A crystallizable
   compound  of  a  salt  with  alcohol, in which the latter plays a part
   analogous to that of water of crystallization. Graham.

                                 Alcoholature

   Al`co*hol"a*ture  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F. alcoolature.] (Med.) An alcoholic
   tincture prepared with fresh plants. New Eng. Dict.

                                   Alcoholic

   Al`co*hol"ic  (#), a. [Cf. F. alcolique.] Of or pertaining to alcohol,
   or  partaking  of  its qualities; derived from, or caused by, alcohol;
   containing  alcohol;  as,  alcoholic  mixtures;  alcoholic  gastritis;
   alcoholic odor.

                                   Alcoholic

   Al`co*hol"ic, n.

   1. A person given to the use of alcoholic liquors.

   2. pl. Alcoholic liquors.

                                  Alcoholism

   Al"co*hol*ism (#), n. [Cf. F. alcoolisme.] (Med.) A diseased condition
   of  the  system,  brought  about  by  the  continued  use of alcoholic
   liquors.

                                Alcoholization

   Al`co*hol`i*za"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. alcoolisation.]

   1.  The  act  of  reducing a substance to a fine or impalpable powder.
   [Obs.] Johnson.

   2. The act rectifying spirit.

   3.  Saturation  with  alcohol;  putting  the  animal  system under the
   influence of alcoholic liquor.

                                  Alcoholize

   Al"co*hol*ize  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alcoholized (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n. Alcoholizing.] [Cf. F. alcooliser.]

   1. To reduce to a fine powder. [Obs.] Johnson.

   2.  To  convert  into  alcohol;  to  rectify;  also,  to saturate with
   alcohol.

                          Alcoholometer, Alcoholmeter

   Al`co*hol*om"e*ter  (#),  Al`co*hol"me*ter (#), n. [Alcohol + -meter.]
   (Chem.)  An instrument for determining the strength of spirits, with a
   scale  graduated  so  as  to  indicate the percentage of pure alcohol,
   either  by weight or volume. It is usually a form of hydrometer with a
   special scale.

               Alcoholometric, Alcoholometrical, Alcoholmetrical

   Al`co*hol`o*met"ric       (#),       Al`co*hol`o*met"ric*al       (#),
   Al`co*hol*met"ric*al   (#),   a.  Relating  to  the  alcoholometer  or
   alcoholometry.

     The alcoholometrical strength of spirituous liquors. Ure.

                                 Alcoholometry

   Al`co*hol"om"e*try  (#),  n. The process or method of ascertaining the
   proportion of pure alcohol which spirituous liquors contain.

                         Alcohometer, n., Alcohometric

   Al`co*hom"e*ter  (#),  n., Al`co*ho*met"ric, a. Same as Alcoholometer,
   Alcoholometric.

                                 Alco\'94metry

   Al`co*\'94m"e*try (#), n. See Alcoholometry.

     NOTE: &hand; Th  e ch  emists sa  y al com\'8atre, al coom\'8atrie,
     doubtless  by  the  suppression  of  a syllable in order to avoid a
     disagreeable sequence of sounds. (Cf. Idolatry.)

   Littr\'82.

                                    Alcoran

   Al"co*ran  (?;  277),  n. [ets>alcoran, fr. Ar. al-qor\'ben, orig. the
   reading,  the  book,  fr.  qaraa  to  read. Cf. Koran.] The Mohammedan
   Scriptures; the Koran (now the usual form). [Spelt also Alcoran.]

                                   Alcoranic

   Al`co*ran"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to the Koran.

                                  Alcoranist

   Al`co*ran"ist,  n.  One  who  adheres  to  the  letter  of  the Koran,
   rejecting all traditions.

                                    Alcove

   Al"cove  (?;  277),  n.  [F.  alc\'93ve,  Sp.  or Pg. alcoba, from Ar.
   al-quobbah arch, vault, tent.]

   1.  (Arch.) A recessed portion of a room, or a small room opening into
   a  larger one; especially, a recess to contain a bed; a lateral recess
   in a library.

   2.  A  small  ornamental  building with seats, or an arched seat, in a
   pleasure ground; a garden bower. Cowper.

   3.  Any  natural  recess  analogous  to  an  alcove  or  recess  in an
   apartment.

     The youthful wanderers found a wild alcove. Falconer.

                                    Alcyon

   Al"cy*on (#), n. See Halcyon.

                                  Alcyonacea

   Al`cy*o*na"ce*a  (#),  n.  pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of soft-bodied
   Alcyonaria,  of  which  Alcyonium  is  the  type.  See  Illust.  under
   Alcyonaria.

                                  Alcyonaria

   Al`cy*o*na"ri*a  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.]  (Zo\'94l.) One of the orders of
   Anthozoa. It includes the Alcyonacea, Pennatulacea, and Gorgonacea.

                                   Alcyones

   Al*cy"o*nes   (#),   n.  pl.  [L.,  pl.  of  Alcyon.]  (Zo\'94l.)  The
   kingfishers.

                                   Alcyonic

   Al`cy*on"ic (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Alcyonaria.

                                   Alcyonium

   Al`cy*o"ni*um  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fleshy Alcyonaria,
   its  polyps  somewhat  resembling flowers with eight fringed rays. The
   term was also formerly used for certain species of sponges.

                                   Alcyonoid

   Al"cy*o*noid  (#), a. [Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the
   Alcyonaria. -- n. A zo\'94phyte of the order Alcyonaria.

                                     Alday

   Al"day (#), adv. Continually. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Aldebaran

   Al*deb"a*ran  (#),  n.  [Ar.  al-debar\'ben,  fr.  dabar to follow; so
   called  because  this star follows upon the Pleiades.] (Astron.) A red
   star of the first magnitude, situated in the eye of Taurus; the Bull's
   Eye. It is the bright star in the group called the Hyades.

     Now  when  Aldebaran  was mounted high Above the shiny Cassiopeia's
     chair. Spenser.

                                   Aldehyde

   Al"de*hyde  (#),  n.  [Abbrev.  fr.  alcohol  dehydrogenatum,  alcohol
   deprived  of  its  hydrogen.]  (Chem.)  A  colorless, mobile, and very
   volatile liquid obtained from alcohol by certain of oxidation.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e al dehydes ar e intermediate between the alcohols
     and acids, and differ from the alcohols in having two less hydrogen
     atoms  in  the  molecule,  as  common  aldehyde (called also acetic
     aldehyde or ethyl aldehyde), C2H4O; methyl aldehyde, CH2O.

   Aldehyde  ammonia  (Chem.), a compound formed by the union of aldehyde
   with ammonia.

                                   Aldehydic

   Al`de*hy"dic  (#),  a.  (Chem.)  Of  or  pertaining  to  aldehyde; as,
   aldehydic acid. Miller.

                                     Alder

   Al"der  (#), n. [OE. aldir, aller, fr. AS. alr, aler, alor, akin to D.
   els,  G.  erle,  Icel. erlir, erli, Swed. al, Dan. elle, el, L. alnus,
   and  E.  elm.]  (Bot.)  A  tree,  usually  growing  in moist land, and
   belonging  to  the genus Alnus. The wood is used by turners, etc.; the
   bark  by  dyers  and  tanners.  In  the U. S. the species of alder are
   usually  shrubs  or  small  trees.  Black  alder. (a) A European shrub
   (Rhamnus  frangula); Alder buckthorn. (b) An American species of holly
   (Ilex verticillata), bearing red berries.

                                 Alder, Aller

   Al"der (#), Al"ler (#), a. [From ealra, alra, gen. pl. of AS. eal. The
   d  is excrescent.] Of all; -- used in composition; as, alderbest, best
   of all, alderwisest, wisest of all. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                 Alder-liefest

   Al`der-lief"est  (#),  a. [For allerliefest dearest of all. See Lief.]
   Most beloved. [Obs.] Shak.

                                   Alderman

   Al"der*man  (#),  n.;  pl.  Aldplwmen  (#).  [AS. aldormon, ealdorman;
   ealdor an elder + man. See Elder, n.]

   1. A senior or superior; a person of rank or dignity. [Obs.]

     NOTE: &hand; Th e ti tle wa s ap plied, am ong the Anglo-Saxons, to
     princes, dukes, earls, senators, and presiding magistrates; also to
     archbishops  and  bishops,  implying  superior wisdom or authority.
     Thus  Ethelstan,  duke of the East-Anglians, was called Alderman of
     all  England;  and  there  were  aldermen  of cities, counties, and
     castles, who had jurisdiction within their respective districts.

   3.  One  of a board or body of municipal officers next in order to the
   mayor  and  having  a  legislative  function. They may, in some cases,
   individually exercise some magisterial and administrative functions.

                                  Aldermancy

   Al"der*man*cy (#), n. The office of an alderman.

                                  Aldermanic

   Al"der*man"ic  (#), a. Relating to, becoming to, or like, an alderman;
   characteristic of an alderman.

                                  Aldermanity

   Al`der*man"i*ty (#), n.

   1. Aldermen collectively; the body of aldermen.

   2. The state of being an alderman. [Jocular]

                                 Aldermanlike

   Al`der*man*like` (#), a. Like or suited to an alderman.

                                  Aldermanly

   Al"der*man*ly, a. Pertaining to, or like, an alderman.

                                  Aldermanly

   Al"der*man*ly,  a. Pertaining to, or like, an alderman. "An aldermanly
   discretion." Swift.

                                  Aldermanry

   Al"der*man*ry (#), n.

   1. The district or ward of an alderman.

   2. The office or rank of an alderman. [R.] B. Jonson.

                                 Aldermanship

   Al"der*man*ship, n. The condition, position, or office of an alderman.
   Fabyan.

                                    Aldern

   Al"dern (#), a. Made of alder.

                                   Alderney

   Al"der*ney (#), n. One of a breed of cattle raised in Alderney, one of
   the  Channel  Islands.  Alderneys  are of a dun or tawny color and are
   often called Jersey cattle. See Jersey, 3.

                                    Aldine

   Al"dine  (?;  277),  a.  (Bibliog.)  An  epithet  applied  to editions
   (chiefly  of  the  classics)  which  proceeded from the press of Aldus
   Manitius,  and  his  family,  of Venice, for the most part in the 16th
   century  and known by the sign of the anchor and the dolphin. The term
   has also been applied to certain elegant editions of English works.

                                      Ale

   Ale  (#), n. [AS. ealu, akin to Icel., Sw., and Dan. \'94l, Lith. alus
   a kind of beer, OSlav. ol beer. Cf. Ir. ol drink, drinking.]

   1.   An   intoxicating  liquor  made  from  an  infusion  of  malt  by
   fermentation and the addition of a bitter, usually hops.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd al e, in  En gland an d th e United States,
     usually designates a heavier kind of fermented liquor, and the word
     beer  a  lighter  kind.  The word beer is also in common use as the
     generic name for all malt liquors.

   2.  A  festival  in  English country places, so called from the liquor
   drunk.  "At  wakes and ales." B. Jonson."On ember eves and holy ales."
   Shak.

                                     Aleak

   A*leak" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + leak.] In a leaking condition.

                                   Aleatory

   A"le*a*to*ry  (#),  a.  [L.  aleatorius,  fr. alea chance, die.] (Law)
   Depending  on  some  uncertain  contingency; as, an aleatory contract.
   Bouvier.

                                   Alebench

   Ale"bench` (#), n. A bench in or before an alehouse. Bunyan.

                                   Aleberry

   Ale"ber`ry  (#),  n.  [OE.  alebery, alebrey; ale + bre broth, fr. AS.
   br\'c6w pottage.] A beverage, formerly made by boiling ale with spice,
   sugar, and sops of bread.

     Their aleberries, caudles, possets. Beau. & Fl.

                                   Alecithal

   A*lec"i*thal  (#),  a. [Gr. (Biol.) Applied to those ova which segment
   uniformly,  and  which  have  little or no food yelk embedded in their
   protoplasm. Balfour.

                                   Aleconner

   Ale"con`ner  (#),  n.  [/Ale + con, OE. cunnen to test, AS. cunnian to
   test. See Con.] Orig., an officer appointed to look to the goodness of
   ale  and  beer;  also,  one of the officers chosen by the liverymen of
   London  to  inspect the measures used in public houses. But the office
   is a sinecure. [Also called aletaster.] [Eng.]

                                    Alecost

   Ale"cost`  (#),  n. [Ale + L. costus an aromatic plant: cf. Costmary.]
   (Bot.)  The plant costmary, which was formerly much used for flavoring
   ale.

                                  Alectorides

   Al`ec*tor"i*des  (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of birds
   including the common fowl and the pheasants.

                                 Alectoromachy

   A*lec`to*rom"a*chy (#), n. [Gr. Cockfighting.

                                 Alectoromancy

   A*lec"to*ro*man`cy (#), n. See Alectryomancy.

                                Alectryom'achy

   A*lec`try*om'a*chy (#), n. [Gr. Cockfighting.

                                 Alectryomancy

   A*lec"try*o*man`cy (#), n. [Gr. -mancy.] Divination by means of a cock
   and  grains of corn placed on the letters of the alphabet, the letters
   being  put together in the order in which the grains were eaten. Amer.
   Cyc.

                                     Alee

   A*lee"  (#),  adv.  [Pref. a- + lee.] (Naut.) On or toward the lee, or
   the  side  away from the wind; the opposite of aweather. The helm of a
   ship  is  alee  when pressed close to the lee side. Hard alee, or Luff
   alee, an order to put the helm to the lee side.

                                    Alegar

   Al"e*gar  (#), n. [Ale + eager sour, F. aigre. Cf. Vinegar.] Sour ale;
   vinegar made of ale. Cecil.

                                    Aleger

   Al"e*ger  (#),  a.  [F. all\'8agre, earlier al\'8agre, fr. L. alacer.]
   Gay; cheerful; sprightly. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                    Alegge

   A*legge"  (#), v. t. [OE. aleggen, alegen, OF. alegier, F. all\'82ger,
   fr.  LL.  alleviare, for L. allevare to lighten; ad + levis light. Cf.
   Alleviate, Allay, Allege.] To allay or alleviate; to lighten. [Obs.]

     That shall alegge this bitter blast. Spenser.

                                    Alehoof

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS. h ground ivy; the first part is
   perh. a corruption: cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove,
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 38

   ground ivy, "in old MSS. heyhowe, heyoue, haihoue, halehoue." [Prior].
   Ground ivy (Nepeta Glechoma).

                                   Alehouse

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Ale"house` (#), n. A house where ale is retailed; hence, a
   tippling house. Macaulay.

                                  Ale-knight

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Ale"-knight` (#), n. A pot companion. [Obs.]

                                   Alemannic

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>   Al`e*man"nic  (#),  a.  Belonging  to  the  Alemanni,  a
   confederacy of warlike German tribes.

                                   Alemannic

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al`e*man"nic, n. The language of the Alemanni.

     The Swabian dialect . . . is known as the Alemannic. Amer. Cyc.

                                    Alembic

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*lem"bic  (#),  n.  [F. alambic (cf. Sp. alambique), Ar.
   al-anb\'c6q,  fr.  Gr.  alembic  proper.  Cf.  Limbec.]  An  apparatus
   formerly  used in distillation, usually made of glass or metal. It has
   mostly given place to the retort and worm still.

     Used   also   metaphorically.   The   alembic  of  a  great  poet's
     imagination. Brimley.

                                   Alembroth

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> A*lem"broth (#), n. [Origin uncertain.] The salt of wisdom
   of the alchemists, a double salt composed of the chlorides of ammonium
   and mercury. It was formerly used as a stimulant. Brande & C.

                                 Alencon lace

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> A`len`con" lace" (#). See under Lace.

                                    Alength

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*length"  (#), adv. [Pref. a- + length.] At full length;
   lenghtwise. Chaucer.

                                   Alepidote

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*lep"i*dote, a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Not having scales. -- n.
   A fish without scales.

                                    Alepole

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Ale"pole`  (#),  n.  A  pole  set  up  as  the sign of an
   alehouse. [Obs.]

                                     Alert

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*lert"  (#),  a.  [F. alerte, earlier \'85 l'erte on the
   watch,  fr.  It. all' erta on the watch, prop. (standing) on a height,
   where  one can look around; erta a declivity, steep, erto steep, p. p.
   of ergere, erigere, to erect, raise, L. erigere. See Erect.]

   1. Watchful; vigilant; active in vigilance.

   2. Brisk; nimble; moving with celerity.

     An alert young fellow. Addison.

   Syn. -- Active; agile; lively; quick; prompt.

                                     Alert

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*lert",  n.  (Mil.)  An  alarm from a real or threatened
   attack; a sudden attack; also, a bugle sound to give warning. "We have
   had  an  alert." Farrow. On the alert, on the lookout or watch against
   attack or danger; ready to act.

                                    Alertly

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> A*lert"ly, adv. In an alert manner; nimbly.

                                   Alertness

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*lert"ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being alert or on the
   alert; briskness; nimbleness; activity.

                                  Ale silver

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Ale"  sil`ver  (#).  A  duty payable to the lord mayor of
   London by the sellers of ale within the city.

                                   Alestake

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Ale"stake (#), n. A stake or pole projecting from, or set
   up before, an alehouse, as a sign; an alepole. At the end was commonly
   suspended a garland, a bunch of leaves, or a "bush." [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Aletaster

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Ale"tast`er (#), n. See Aleconner. [Eng.]

                                  Alethiology

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*le`thi*ol"o*gy  (#),  n. [Gr. -logy.] The science which
   treats of the nature of truth and evidence. Sir W. Hamilton.

                                  Alethoscope

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*leth"o*scope  (#),  n.  [Gr.  An instrument for viewing
   pictures  by  means  of a lens, so as to present them in their natural
   proportions and relations.

                                  Aleuromancy

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> A*leu"ro*man`cy (#), n. [Gr. -mancy: cf. F. aleuromancie.]
   Divination by means of flour. Encyc. Brit.

                                  Aleurometer

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`eu*rom"e*ter  (#),  n. [Gr. -meter.] An instrument for
   determining  the expansive properties, or quality, of gluten in flour.
   Knight.

                                   Aleurone

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*leu"rone  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Bot.) An albuminoid substance
   which  occurs  in minute grains ("protein granules") in maturing seeds
   and tubers; -- supposed to be a modification of protoplasm.

                                   Aleuronic

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al`eu*ron"ic (#), a. (Bot.) Having the nature of aleurone.
   D. C. Eaton.

                               Aleutian, Aleutic

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*leu"tian  (#),  A*leu"tic  (#), a. [Said to be from the
   Russ.  aleut  a  bold  rock.]  Of  or pertaining to a chain of islands
   between Alaska and Kamtchatka; also, designating these islands.

                                    Alevin

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al"e*vin (#), n. [F. alevin, OF. alever to rear, fr. L. ad
   + levare to raise.] Young fish; fry.

                                     Alew

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> A*lew" (#), n. Halloo. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Alewife

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Ale"wife` (#), n.; pl. Alewives (#). A woman who keeps an
   alehouse. Gay.

                                    Alewife

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Ale"wife`, n.; pl. Alewives. [This word is properly aloof,
   the  Indian  name  of  a fish. See Winthrop on the culture of maize in
   America,  "Phil Trans." No. 142, p. 1065, and Baddam's "Memoirs," vol.
   ii. p. 131.] (Zo\'94l.) A North American fish (Clupea vernalis) of the
   Herring  family.  It  is called also ellwife, ellwhop, branch herring.
   The name is locally applied to other related species.

                            Alexanders, Alisanders

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`ex*an"ders (#), Al`i*san"ders (#), n. [OE. alisaundre,
   OF.  alissandere,  fr. Alexander or Alexandria.] (Bot) A name given to
   two  species  of  the  genus Smyrnium, formerly cultivated and used as
   celery now is; -- called also horse parsely.

                                  Alexandrian

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al`ex*an"dri*an (#), a.

   1.  Of  or  pertaining  to  Alexandria  in  Egypt; as, the Alexandrian
   library.

   2. Applied to a kind of heroic verse. See Alexandrine, n.

                                  Alexandrine

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`ex*an"drine  (?;  277),  a.  Belonging  to Alexandria;
   Alexandrian. Bancroft.

                                  Alexandrine

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`ex*an"drine  (#),  n. [F. alexandrin.] A kind of verse
   consisting in English of twelve syllables.

     The needless Alexandrine ends the song, That, like a wounded snake,
     drags its slow length along. Pope.

                         Alexipharmac, Alexipharmacal

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*lex`i*phar"mac  (#),  A*lex`i*phar"ma*cal  (#), a. & n.
   [See Alexipharmic.] Alexipharmic. [Obs.]

                         Alexipharmic, Alexipharmical

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*lex`i*phar"mic  (#),  A*lex`i*phar"mic*al  (#), a. [Gr.
   alexipharmaque.] (Med.) Expelling or counteracting poison; antidotal.

                                 Alexipharmic

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> A*lex`i*phar"mic (#), n. (Med.) An antidote against poison
   or infection; a counterpoison.

                                 Alexipyretic

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> A*lex`i*py*ret"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Med.) Serving to drive off
   fever; antifebrile. -- n. A febrifuge.

                           Alexiteric, Alexiterical

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>   A*lex`i*ter"ic   (#),  A*lex`i*ter"ic*al  (#),  a.  [Gr.
   alexit\'8are.]  (med.)  Resisting  poison;  obviating  the  effects of
   venom; alexipharmic.

                                  Alexiteric

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A*lex`i*ter"ic,  n.  [Gr. alexit\'8are, LL. alexiterium.]
   (Med.)  A preservative against contagious and infectious diseases, and
   the effects of poison in general. Brande & C.

                              Alfa or Alfa grass

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"fa  (#)  or  Al"fa  grass" (#), n. A plant (Macrochloa
   tenacissima) of North Africa; also, its fiber, used in paper making.

                                    Alfalfa

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al*fal"fa  (#),  n.  [Sp.]  (Bot.)  The  lucern (Medicago
   sativa); -- so called in California, Texas, etc.

                                   Alfenide

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"fe*nide (#), n. (Metal.) An alloy of nickel and silver
   electroplated with silver.

                                    Alferes

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al*fe"res  (#),  n.  [Sp., fr. Ar. al-f\'bers knight.] An
   ensign; a standard bearer. [Obs.] J. Fletcher.

                                     Alfet

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al"fet, n. [LL. alfetum, fr. AS. \'belf\'91t a pot to boil
   in; \'bel burning + f\'91t vat.] A caldron of boiling water into which
   an accused person plunged his forearm as a test of innocence or guilt.

                                   Alfilaria

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al*fil`a*ri"a  (#),  n.  (Bot.)  The  pin  grass (Erodium
   cicutarium), a weed in California.

                                    Alfione

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`fi*o"ne  (#),  n.  (Zo\'94l.) An edible marine fish of
   California (Rhacochilus toxotes).

                                   Alfresco

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al*fres"co  (#),  adv.  &  a. [It. al fresco in or on the
   fresh.] In the open-air. Smollett.

                                     Alga

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"ga  (#),  n.; pl. Alg\'91 (#). [L., seaweed.] (Bot.) A
   kind  of  seaweed;  pl. the class of cellular cryptogamic plants which
   includes  the  black,  red,  and  green  seaweeds, as kelp, dulse, sea
   lettuce, also marine and fresh water conferv\'91, etc.

                                     Algal

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al"gal (#), a., (Bot.) Pertaining to, or like, alg\'91.

                                   Algaroba

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`ga*ro"ba (#), n. [Sp. algarroba, fr. Ar. al-kharr. Cf.
   Carob.]  (Bot.)  (a) The Carob, a leguminous tree of the Mediterranean
   region;  also,  its edible beans or pods, called St. John's bread. (b)
   The  Honey  mesquite  (Prosopis  juliflora),  a  small tree found from
   California  to  Buenos  Ayres; also, its sweet, pulpy pods. A valuable
   gum,  resembling  gum  arabic, is collected from the tree in Texas and
   Mexico.

                               Algarot, Algaroth

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"ga*rot  (#),  Al"ga*roth (#), n. [F. algaroth, fr. the
   name of the inventor, Algarotti.] (Med.) A term used for the Powder of
   Algaroth,  a  white  powder  which  is  a  compound of trichloride and
   trioxide  of  antimony. It was formerly used in medicine as an emetic,
   purgative, and diaphoretic.

                                  Algarovilla

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`ga*ro*vil"la  (#), n. The agglutinated seeds and husks
   of  the  legumes  of  a  South  American  tree (Inga Marth\'91). It is
   valuable for tanning leather, and as a dye.

                                Algate, Algates

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"gate (#), Al"gates (#), adv. [All + gate way. The s is
   an adverbial ending. See Gate.]

   1. Always; wholly; everywhere. [Obs.]

     Ulna now he algates must forego. Spenser.

     NOTE: &hand; St ill us ed in  th e north of England in the sense of
     "everywhere."

   2. By any or means; at all events. [Obs.] Fairfax.

   3. Notwithstanding; yet. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Algazel

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"ga*zel`  (#),  n. [Ar. al the + ghaz\'bel.] (Zo\'94l.)
   The true gazelle.

                                    Algebra

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"ge*bra (#), n. [LL. algebra, fr. Ar. al-jebr reduction
   of parts to a whole, or fractions to whole numbers, fr. jabara to bind
   together,   consolidate;   al-jebr   w'almuq\'bebalah   reduction  and
   comparison (by equations): cf. F. alg\'8abre, It. & Sp. algebra.]

   1.  (Math.)  That  branch of mathematics which treats of the relations
   and  properties  of quantity by means of letters and other symbols. It
   is  applicable  to  those  relations  that  are  true of every kind of
   magnitude.

   2. A treatise on this science.

                            Algebraic, Algebraical

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al`ge*bra"ic (#), Al`ge*bra"ic*al (#), a. Of or pertaining
   to  algebra;  containing an operation of algebra, or deduced from such
   operation;  as,  algebraic characters; algebraical writings. Algebraic
   curve,  a  curve  such  that the equation which expresses the relation
   between  the  co\'94rdinates  of its points involves only the ordinary
   operations of algebra; -- opposed to a transcendental curve.
   
                                 Algebraically
                                       
   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al`ge*bra"ic*al*ly, adv. By algebraic process. 

                                  Algebraist

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al"ge*bra`ist (#), n. One versed in algebra.

                                  Algebraize

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"ge*bra*ize (#), v. t. To perform by algebra; to reduce
   to algebraic form.

                                   Algerian

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al*ge"ri*an  (#), a. Of or pertaining to Algeria. -- n. A
   native of Algeria.

                                   Algerine

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`ge*rine"  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  Algiers or
   Algeria.

                                   Algerine

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`ge*rine",  n. A native or one of the people of Algiers
   or Algeria. Also, a pirate.

                                     Algid

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"gid  (#),  a. [L. algidus cold, fr. algere to be cold:
   cf.  F.  algide.]  Cold; chilly. Bailey. Algid cholera (Med.), Asiatic
   cholera.

                                   Algidity

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al*gid"i*ty  (#),  n.  Chilliness;  coldness;  especially
   (Med.), coldness and collapse.

                                   Algidness

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al"gid*ness (#), n. Algidity. [Obs.]

                                    Algific

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al*gif"ic  (#), a. [L. algificus, fr. algus cold + facere
   to make.] Producing cold.

                                    Algoid

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"goid  (#),  a.  [L. alga + -oid.] Of the nature of, or
   resembling, an alga.

                                     Algol

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"gol  (#),  n.  [Ar.  al-gh  destruction, calamity, fr.
   gh\'bela  to  take  suddenly,  destroy.]  (Astron.)  A  fixed star, in
   Medusa's  head,  in  the  constellation  Perseus,  remarkable  for its
   periodic variation in brightness.

                                  Algological

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`go*log"ic*al (#), a. Of or pertaining to algology; as,
   algological specimens.

                                  Algologist

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al*gol"o*gist (#), n. One learned about alg\'91; a student
   of algology.

                                   Algology

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al*gol"o*gy (#), n. [L. alga seaweed + -logy.] (Bot.) The
   study or science of alg\'91 or seaweeds.

                              Algonquin, Algonkin

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al*gon"quin (#), Al*gon"kin (#), n. One of a widely spread
   family  of  Indians,  including  many  distinct tribes, which formerly
   occupied  most  of the northern and eastern part of North America. The
   name  was  originally applied to a group of Indian tribes north of the
   River St. Lawrence.

                                     Algor

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al"gor (#), n. [L.] (Med.) Cold; chilliness.

                              Algorism, Algorithm

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al"go*rism (#), Al"go*rithm (#), n. [OE. algorism, algrim,
   augrim,   OF.  algorisme,  F.  algorithme  (cf.  Sp.  algoritmo,  OSp.
   alguarismo,  LL.  algorismus),  fr.  the  Ar.  al-Khow\'berezm\'c6  of
   Khow\'berezm,  the  modern  Khiwa,  surname of Abu Ja'far Mohammed ben
   Mus\'be,  author  of  a  work  on arithmetic early in the 9th century,
   which   was  translated  into  Latin,  such  books  bearing  the  name
   algorismus.  The spelling with th is due to a supposed connection with
   Gr.

   1. The art of calculating by nine figures and zero.

   2.  The  art  of  calculating  with  any  species of notation; as, the
   algorithms of fractions, proportions, surds, etc.

                                    Algous

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"gous  (#),  a.  [L.  algosus, fr. alga seaweed.] Of or
   pertaining  to  the  alg\'91,  or  seaweeds;  abounding with, or like,
   seaweed.

                                   Alguazil

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`gua*zil" (#) (#), n. [Sp. alguacil, fr. Ar. alwaz\'c6r
   the  vizier.  Cf.  Vizier.] An inferior officer of justice in Spain; a
   warrant officer; a constable. Prescott.

                                     Algum

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>   Al"gum   (#),  n.  Same  as  Almug  (and  etymologically
   preferable). 2 Chron. ii. 8.

                                   Alhambra

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al*ham"bra  (#), n. [Ultimately fr. Ar. al the + hamr\'be
   red;  i.  e., the red (sc. house).] The palace of the Moorish kings at
   Granada.

                           Alhambraic, Alhambresque

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`ham*bra"ic  (#),  Al`ham*bresque" (?; 277), a. Made or
   decorated  after  the  fanciful  style  of  the  ornamentation  in the
   Alhambra,  which  affords an unusually fine exhibition of Saracenic or
   Arabesque architecture.

                                    Alhenna

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al*hen"na (#), n. See Henna.

                                     Alias

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A"li*as  (#),  adv.  [L., fr. alius. See Else.] (Law) (a)
   Otherwise;  otherwise  called;  -- a term used in legal proceedings to
   connect  the  different  names of any one who has gone by two or more,
   and  whose  true  name  is  for  any  cause doubtful; as, Smith, alias
   Simpson. (b) At another time.

                                     Alias

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  A"li*as,  n.; pl. Aliases (#). [L., otherwise, at another
   time.]  (Law)  (a)  A  second  or further writ which is issued after a
   first  writ  has  expired without effect. (b) Another name; an assumed
   name.

                                     Alibi

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"i*bi  (#),  n.  [L.,  elsewhere, at another place. See
   Alias.]  (Law)  The  plea  or  mode of defense under which a person on
   trial  for  a crime proves or attempts to prove that he was in another
   place  when  the alleged act was committed; as, to set up an alibi; to
   prove an alibi.

                                   Alibility

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al`i*bil"i*ty (#), n. Quality of being alible.

                                    Alible

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"i*ble  (#),  a.  [L.  alibilis, fr. alere to nourish.]
   Nutritive; nourishing.

                                    Alicant

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"i*cant (#), n. A kind of wine, formerly much esteemed;
   -- said to have been made near Alicant, in Spain. J. Fletcher.

                                    Alidade

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>   Al"i*dade  (#),  n.  [LL.  alidada,  alhidada,  fr.  Ar.
   al-'id\'beda  a  sort  of  rule:  cf.  F.  alidade.]  The portion of a
   graduated  instrument, as a quadrant or astrolabe, carrying the sights
   or  telescope,  and  showing  the  degrees  cut  off on the arc of the
   instrument Whewell.

                                     Alien

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"ien (#), a. [OF. alien, L. alienus, fr. alius another;
   properly, therefore, belonging to another. See Else.]

   1.  Not  belonging to the same country, land, or government, or to the
   citizens  or  subjects  thereof; foreign; as, alien subjects, enemies,
   property, shores.

   2.  Wholly different in nature; foreign; adverse; inconsistent (with);
   incongruous;  --  followed  by from or sometimes by to; as, principles
   alien from our religion.

     An alien sound of melancholy. Wordsworth.

   Alien enemy (Law), one who owes allegiance to a government at war with
   ours. Abbott.

                                     Alien

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al"ien, n.

   1.  A  foreigner;  one  owing  allegiance,  or  belonging,  to another
   country;  a  foreign-born  resident  of a country in which he does not
   posses the privileges of a citizen. Hence, a stranger. See Alienage.

   2.  One  excluded from certain privileges; one alienated or estranged;
   as, aliens from God's mercies.

     Aliens from the common wealth of Israel. Ephes. ii. 12.

                                     Alien

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"ien,  v. t. [F. ali\'82ner, L. alienare.] To alienate;
   to  estrange;  to transfer, as property or ownership. [R.] "It the son
   alien lands." Sir M. Hale.

     The  prince  was  totally  aliened  from  all thoughts of . . . the
     marriage. Clarendon.

                                 Alienability

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al`ien*a*bil"i*ty  (#), n. Capability of being alienated.
   "The alienability of the domain." Burke.

                                   Alienable

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).>  Al"ien*a*ble  (#),  a.  [Cf. F. ali\'82nable.] Capable of
   being  alienated,  sold,  or  transferred  to  another;  as,  land  is
   alienable according to the laws of the state.

                                   Alienage

   Ale"hoof`  (#),  n.  [AS.  h  ground  ivy;  the  first part is perh. a
   corruption:  cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, 38 ground ivy, \'bdin old MSS.
   heyhowe,  heyoue,  haihoue,  halehoue.\'b8 [Prior]. Ground ivy (Nepeta
   Glechoma).> Al"ien*age (#), n. [Cf. OF. ali\'82nage.]

   1. The state or legal condition of being an alien.

     NOTE: &hand; Th  e di  sabilities of  al ienage ar e re movable by 
     naturalization  or  by special license from the State of residence,
     and  in  some  of  the United States by declaration of intention of
     naturalization.

   Kent. Wharton.

     Estates forfeitable on account of alienage. Story.

   2. The state of being alienated or transferred to another. Brougham.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 39

                                   Alienate

   Al"ien*ate  (#), a. [L. alienatus, p. p. of alienare, fr. alienus. See
   Alien, and cf. Aliene.] Estranged; withdrawn in affection; foreign; --
   with from.

     O alienate from God. Milton.

                                   Alienate

   Al"ien*ate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Alienated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Alienating.]

   1.  To convey or transfer to another, as title, property, or right; to
   part voluntarily with ownership of.

   2.  To  withdraw,  as  the  affections; to make indifferent of averse,
   where  love  or  friendship before subsisted; to estrange; to wean; --
   with from.

     The errors which . . . alienated a loyal gentry and priesthood from
     the House of Stuart. Macaulay.

     The  recollection  of his former life is a dream that only the more
     alienates him from the realities of the present. I. Taylor.

                                   Alienate

   Al"ien*ate (#), n. A stranger; an alien. [Obs.]

                                  Alienation

   Al`ien*a"tion  (#),  n. [F. ali\'82nation, L. alienatio, fr. alienare,
   fr. alienare. See Alienate.]

   1. The act of alienating, or the state of being alienated.

   2.  (Law)  A  transfer  of title, or a legal conveyance of property to
   another.

   3. A withdrawing or estrangement, as of the affections.

     The alienation of his heart from the king. Bacon.

   4.  Mental  alienation; derangement of the mental faculties; insanity;
   as,   alienation   of   mind.   Syn.  --  Insanity;  lunacy;  madness;
   derangement; aberration; mania; delirium; frenzy; dementia; monomania.
   See Insanity.

                                   Alienator

   Al"ien*a"tor (#), n. One who alienates.

                                    Aliene

   Al*iene  (#),  v.  t.  To  alien or alienate; to transfer, as title or
   property; as, to aliene an estate.

                                    Alienee

   Al"ien*ee"  (#),  n.  (Law)  One  to  whom  the  title  of property is
   transferred; -- opposed to alienor.

     It the alienee enters and keeps possession. Blackstone.

                                   Alienism

   Al"ien*ism (#), n.

   1. The status or legal condition of an alien; alienage.

     The  law  was  very gentle in the construction of the disability of
     alienism. Kent.

   2. The study or treatment of diseases of the mind.

                                   Alienist

   Al"ien*ist  (#),  n. [F. ali\'82niste.] One who treats diseases of the
   mind. Ed. Rev.

                                    Alienor

   Al`ien*or"  (#),  n. [OF. ali\'82neur.] One who alienates or transfers
   property to another. Blackstone.

                           Aliethmoid, Aliethmoidal

   Al`i*eth"moid  (#),  Al`i*eth*moid"al  (#),  a.  [L.  ala  wing  +  E.
   ethomoid.] (Anat.) Pertaining to expansions of the ethmoid bone or

                                     Alife

   A*life"  (#), adv. [Cf. lief dear.] On my life; dearly. [Obs.] "I love
   that sport alife." Beau. & Fl.

                                   Aliferous

   A*lif"er*ous  (#),  a.  [L. ala wing + -ferous.] Having wings, winged;
   aligerous. [R.]

                                    Aliform

   Al"i*form (#), a. [L. ala wing + -form.] Wing-shaped; winglike.

                                   Aligerous

   A*lig"er*ous  (#),  a. [L. aliger; ala wing + gerere to carry.] Having
   wings; winged. [R.]

                                    Alight

   A*light"  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Alighted (#) sometimes Alit (#); p.
   pr.  &  vb.  n. Alighting.] [OE. alihten, fr. AS. \'bel\'c6htan; pref.
   \'be-  (cf.  Goth.  us-,  G.  er-,  orig. meaning out) + l\'c6htan, to
   alight,  orig.  to render light, to remove a burden from, fr. l\'c6ht,
   leoht, light. See Light, v. i.]

   1.  To spring down, get down, or descend, as from on horseback or from
   a carriage; to dismount.

   2.  To  descend  and  settle,  lodge, rest, or stop; as, a flying bird
   alights on a tree; snow alights on a roof.

   3. To come or chance (upon). [R.]

                                    Alight

   A*light", a. [Pref. a- + light.] Lighted; lighted up; in a flame. "The
   lamps were alight." Dickens.

                                     Align

   A*lign"  (#), v. t. [F. aligner; \'85 (L. ad) + ligne (L. linea) line.
   See Line, and cf. Allineate.] To adjust or form to a line; to range or
   form in line; to bring into line; to aline.

                                     Align

   A*lign", v. t. To form in line; to fall into line.

                                   Alignment

   A*lign"ment (#), n. [F. alignement.]

   1. The act of adjusting to a line; arrangement in a line or lines; the
   state  of being so adjusted; a formation in a straight line; also, the
   line  of adjustment; esp., an imaginary line to regulate the formation
   of troops or of a squadron.

   2. (Engin.) The ground-plan of a railway or other road, in distinction
   from the grades or profile.

                                     Alike

   A*like"  (#),  a.  [AS. onl\'c6c, gel\'c6c; pref. \'be + like.] Having
   resemblance or similitude; similar; without difference. [Now used only
   predicatively.]

     The darkness and the light are both alike to thee. Ps. cxxxix. 12.

                                     Alike

   A*like", adv. [AS. gel\'c6ce, onl\'c6ce.] In the same manner, form, or
   degree; in common; equally; as, we are all alike concerne.

                                 Alike-minded

   A*like"-mind`ed (#), a. Like-minded. [Obs.]

                                    Aliment

   Al"i*ment  (#),  n. [L. alimentum, fr. alere to nourish; akin to Goth.
   alan to grow, Icel. ala to nourish: cf. F. aliment. See Old.]

   1. That which nourishes; food; nutriment; anything which feeds or adds
   to  a  substance  in  natural  growth.  Hence: The necessaries of life
   generally: sustenance; means of support.

     Aliments of theiBacon.

   2. An allowance for maintenance. [Scot.]

                                    Aliment

   Al"i*ment, v. t.

   1. To nourish; to support.

   2. To provide for the maintenance of. [Scot.]

                                   Alimental

   Al`i*men"tal (#), a. Supplying food; having the quality of nourishing;
   furnishing the materials for natural growth; as, alimental sap.

                                  Alimentally

   A`li*men"tal*ly,  adv.  So  as  to  serve  for  nourishment  or  food;
   nourishing quality. Sir T. Browne.

                                Alimentariness

   Al`i*men"ta*ri*ness   (#),   n.   The  quality  of  being  alimentary;
   nourishing quality. [R.]

                                  Alimentary

   Al`i*men"ta*ry  (#),  a.  [L.  alimentarius,  fr.  alimentum:  cf.  F.
   alimentaire.]  Pertaining  to  aliment  or food, or to the function of
   nutrition;   nutritious;   alimental;   as,   alimentary   substances.
   Alimentary  canal, the entire channel, extending from the mouth to the
   anus, by which aliments are conveyed through the body, and the useless
   parts ejected.

                                 Alimentation

   Al`i*men*ta"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. alimentation, LL. alimentatio.]

   1.  The  act  or  process  of affording nutriment; the function of the
   alimentary canal.

   2. State or mode of being nourished. Bacon.

                                Alimentiveness

   Al`i*men"tive*ness  (#),  n.  The  instinct or faculty of appetite for
   food. [Chiefly in Phrenol.]

                                  Alimonious

   Al`i*mo"ni*ous  (#),  a.  Affording food; nourishing. [R.] "Alimonious
   humors." Harvey.

                                    Alimony

   Al"i*mo*ny  (#),  n. [L. alimonia, alimonium, nourishment, sustenance,
   fr. alere to nourish.]

   1. Maintenance; means of living.

   2.  (Law)  An  allowance made to a wife out of her husband's estate or
   income for her support, upon her divorce or legal separation from him,
   or during a suit for the same. Wharton. Burrill.

                                   Alinasal

   Al`i*na"sal  (#),  a.  [L. ala wing + E. nasal.] (Anat.) Pertaining to
   expansions of the nasal bone or cartilage.

                                     Aline

   A*line" (#), v. t. To range or place in a line; to bring into line; to
   align. Evelyn.

                                  Alineation

   A*lin`e*a"tion (#), n. See Allineation.

                                   Alinement

   A*line"ment (#), n. Same as Alignment.

     NOTE: [The En g. fo rm al inement is preferable to alignment, a bad
     spelling of the French].

   New Eng. Dict. (Murray).

                                    Aliner

   A*lin"er  (#),  n. One who adjusts things to a line or lines or brings
   them into line. Evelyn.

                                    Alioth

   Al"i*oth  (#),  n. [Ar. aly\'bet the tail of a fat sheep.] (Astron.) A
   star  in  the  tail  of  the  Great Bear, the one next the bowl in the
   Dipper.

                                    Aliped

   Al"i*ped  (#),  a.  [L.  alipes;  ala  wing + pes, pedis, foot: cf. F.
   alip\'8ade.] (Zo\'94l.) Wing-footed, as the bat. -- n. An animal whose
   toes are connected by a membrane, serving for a wing, as the bat.

                                   Aliquant

   Al"i*quant  (#),  a.  [L.  aliquantus  some,  moderate;  alius other +
   quantus  how  great:  cf. F. aliquante.] (Math.) An aliquant part of a
   number  or  quantity is one which does not divide it without leaving a
   remainder; thus, 5 is an aliquant part of 16. Opposed to aliquot.

                                    Aliquot

   Al"i*quot  (#),  a.  [L. aliquot some, several; alius other + quot how
   many:  cf.  F.  aliquote.]  (Math.)  An  aliquot  part  of a number or
   quantity  is  one which will divide it without a remainder; thus, 5 is
   an aliquot part of 15. Opposed to aliquant.

                                   Aliseptal

   Al`i*sep"tal  (#),  a.  [L. ala wing + E. septal.] (Anat.) Relating to
   expansions of the nasal septum.

                                     Alish

   Al"ish (#), a. Like ale; as, an alish taste.

                          Alisphenoid, Alisphenoidal

   Al`i*sphe"noid  (#),  Al`i*sphe*noid"al  (#),  a.  [L.  ala  wing + E.
   sphenoid.]  (Anat.) Pertaining to or forming the wing of the sphenoid;
   relating  to  a  bone  in the base of the skull, which in the adult is
   often   consolidated   with   the   sphenoid;  as,  alisphenoid  bone;
   alisphenoid canal.

                                  Alisphenoid

   Al`i*sphe"noid, n. (Anat.) The alisphenoid bone.

                                   Alitrunk

   Al"i*trunk  (#),  n.  [L.  ala  wing  + truncus trunk.] (Zo\'94l.) The
   segment  of the body of an insect to which the wings are attached; the
   thorax. Kirby.

                                  Aliturgical

   Al`i*tur"gic*al  (#),  a.  [Pref. a- + liturgical.] (Eccl.) Applied to
   those days when the holy sacrifice is not offered. Shipley.

                                    Aliunde

   A`li*un"de  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [L.]  (Law)  From  another source; from
   elsewhere; as, a case proved aliunde; evidence aliunde.

                                     Alive

   A*live"  (#),  a.  [OE. on live, AS. on l\'c6fe in life; l\'c6fe being
   dat. of l\'c6f life. See Life, and cf. Live, a.]

   1.  Having  life,  in  opposition to dead; living; being in a state in
   which  the  organs  perform  their functions; as, an animal or a plant
   which is alive.

   2.  In  a  state  of  action;  in  force or operation; unextinguished;
   unexpired;  existent;  as,  to  keep  the  fire  alive;  to  keep  the
   affections alive.

   3. Exhibiting the activity and motion of many living beings; swarming;
   thronged.

     The  Boyne,  for  a  quarter  of a mile, was alive with muskets and
     green boughs. Macaulay.

   4. Sprightly; lively; brisk. Richardson.

   5. Having susceptibility; easily impressed; having lively feelings, as
   opposed to apathy; sensitive.

     Tremblingly alive to nature's laws. Falconer.

   6. Of all living (by way of emphasis).

     Northumberland was the proudest man alive. Clarendon.

     NOTE: Used colloquially as an intensive; as, man alive!

     NOTE: &hand; Alive always follows the noun which it qualifies.

                                    Alizari

   A`li*za"ri (#), n. [Perh. fr. Ar. 'a juice extracted from a plant, fr.
   'a to press.] (Com.) The madder of the Levant. Brande & C.

                                   Alizarin

   A*liz"a*rin  (#),  n.  [F. alizarine, fr. alizari.] (Chem.) A coloring
   principle,   C14H6O2(OH)2,   found   in   madder,   and  now  produced
   artificially from anthracene. It produces the Turkish reds.

                                   Alkahest

   Al"ka*hest  (#),  n.  [LL.  alchahest, F. alcahest, a word that has an
   Arabic appearance, but was probably arbitrarily formed by Paracelsus.]
   The  fabled "universal solvent" of the alchemists; a menstruum capable
   of dissolving all bodies. -- Al`ka*hes"tic (#), a.

                                  Alkalamide

   Al`kal*am"ide  (#),  n.  [Alkali  + amide.] (Chem.) One of a series of
   compounds  that  may  be  regarded  as  ammonia in which a part of the
   hydrogen  has  been replaced by basic, and another part by acid, atoms
   or radicals.

                          Alkalescence, Alkalescency

   Al`ka*les`cence  (#),  Al`ka*les"cen*cy  (#),  n. A tendency to become
   alkaline;  or  the  state  of a substance in which alkaline properties
   begin to be developed, or to predominant. Ure.

                                  Alkalescent

   Al`ka*les"cent (#), a. [Cf. F. alcalescent.] Tending to the properties
   of an alkali; slightly alkaline.

                                    Alkali

   Al"ka*li  (?;  277),  n.;  pl.  Alkalis  or  Alkalies (#). [F. alcali,
   ultimately fr. Ar. alqal\'c6 ashes of the plant saltwort, fr. qalay to
   roast in a pan, fry.]

   1. Soda ash; caustic soda, caustic potash, etc.

   2.  (Chem.)  One  of  a  class of caustic bases, such as soda, potash,
   ammoma,  and lithia, whose distinguishing peculiarities are solubility
   in  alcohol  and  water,  uniting  with  oils  and  fats to form soap,
   neutralizing  and  forming  salts with acids, turning to brown several
   vegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue.
   Fixed  alkalies,  potash  and  soda.  --  Vegetable  alkalies. Same as
   Alkaloids.  -- Volatile alkali, ammonia, so called in distinction from
   the fixed alkalies.

                                 Alkalifiable

   Al"ka*li*fi`a*ble  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  alcalifiable.] Capable of being
   alkalified, or converted into an alkali.

                                   Alkalify

   Al"ka*li*fy (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alkalified (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Alkalifying.]  [Alkali + -fly: cf. F. alcalifier.] To convert into
   an alkali; to give alkaline properties to.

                                   Alkalify

   Al"ka*li*fy, v. i. To become changed into an alkali.

                                  Alkalimeter

   Al`ka*lim"e*ter  (#),  n. [Alkali + -meter. cf. F. alcalim\'8atre.] An
   instrument  to  ascertain the strength of alkalies, or the quantity of
   alkali in a mixture.

                         Alkalimetric, Alkalimetrical

   Al`ka*li*met"ric  (#), Al`ka*li*met"ric*al (#), a. Of or pertaining to
   alkalimetry.

                                  Alkalimetry

   Al`ka*lim"e*try  (#),  n. [Cf. F. alcalim\'8atrie.] (Chem.) The art or
   process  of  ascertaining  the  strength  of alkalies, or the quantity
   present in alkaline mixtures.

                                   Alkaline

   Al"ka*line  (?;  277),  a.  [Cf.  F.  alcalin.] Of or pertaining to an
   alkali  or  to  alkalies; having the properties of an alkali. Alkaline
   earths,  certain  substances, as lime, baryta, strontia, and magnesia,
   possessing  some  of  the  qualities  of alkalies. -- Alkaline metals,
   potassium, sodium, c\'91sium, lithium, rubidium. -- Alkaline reaction,
   a  reaction  indicating  alkalinity,  as  by  the  action  on  limits,
   turmeric, etc.

                                  Alkalinity

   Al`ka*lin"i*ty  (#),  n.  The  quality  which  constitutes  an alkali;
   alkaline property. Thomson.

                                   Alkalious

   Al*ka"li*ous (#), a. Alkaline. [Obs.]

                                  Alkalizate

   Al"ka*li*zate (#), a. Alkaline. [Obs.] Boyle.

                                  Alkalizate

   Al"ka*li**zate (#), v. t. To alkalizate. [R.] Johnson.

                                 Alkalization

   Al`ka*li*za"tion  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  alcalisation.] The act rendering
   alkaline  by  impregnating  with  an  alkali; a conferring of alkaline
   qualities.

                                   Alkalize

   Al"ka*lize  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Alkalized (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Alkalizing   (#).]   [Cf.   F.  alcaliser.]  To  render  alkaline;  to
   communicate the properties of an alkali to.

                             Alkaloid, Alkaloidal

   Al"ka*loid   (#),  Al`ka*loid"al  (#),  a.  [Alkali  +  -oid:  cf.  F.
   alcalo\'8bde.] Pertaining to, resembling, or containing, alkali.

                                   Alkaloid

   Al"ka*loid  (#), n. (Chem.) An organic base, especially one of a class
   of  substances occurring ready formed in the tissues of plants and the
   bodies of animals.

     NOTE: &hand; Al caloids all contain nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen,
     and  many  of  them  also  contain oxygen. They include many of the
     active  principles  in  plants;  thus,  morphine  and narcotine are
     alkaloids found in opium.

                                    Alkanet

   Al"ka*net  (#),  n.  [Dim. of Sp. alcana, alhe, in which al is the Ar.
   article. See Henna, and cf. Orchanet.]

   1.  (Chem.)  A  dyeing  matter  extracted  from  the  roots of Alkanna
   tinctoria, which gives a fine deep red color.

   2.  (Bot.)  (a)  A boraginaceous herb (Alkanna tinctoria) yielding the
   dye;  orchanet.  (b)  The  similar plant Anchusa officinalis; bugloss;
   also, the American puccoon.

                                   Alkargen

   Al*kar"gen  (#),  n.  [Alkarsin  +  oxygen.] (Chem.) Same as Cacodylic
   acid.

                                   Alkarsin

   Al*kar"sin  (#),  n. [Alkali + arsenic + -in.] (Chem.) A spontaneously
   inflammable liquid, having a repulsive odor, and consisting of cacodyl
   and its oxidation products; -- called also Cadel's fuming liquid.

                                    Alkazar

   Al*ka"zar (#). See Alcazar.

                                   Alkekengi

   Al`ke*ken"gi (#), n. [Cf. F. alk\'82kenge, Sp. alquequenje, ultimately
   fr. Ar. al-k\'bekanj a kind of resin from Herat.] (Bot.) An herbaceous
   plant  of  the  nightshade  family (Physalis alkekengi) and its fruit,
   which is a well flavored berry, the size of a cherry, loosely inclosed
   in  a  enlarged  leafy  calyx;  --  also  called winter cherry, ground
   cherry, and strawberry tomato. D. C. Eaton.

                                   Alkermes

   Al*ker"mes  (#), n. [Ar. al-qirmiz kermes. See Kermes.] (Old Pharmacy)
   A  compound  cordial,  in  the form of a confection, deriving its name
   from the kermes insect, its principal ingredient.

                                    Alkoran

   Al"ko*ran  (?; 277), n. The Mohammedan Scriptures. Same as Alcoran and
   Koran.

                                   Alkoranic

   Al`ko*ran"ic (#), a. Same as Alcoranic.

                                  Alkoranist

   Al`ko*ran"ist, n. Same as Alcoranist.

                                      All

   All  (#), a. [OE. al, pl. alle, AS. eal, pl. ealle, Northumbrian alle,
   akin  to  D.  & OHG. al, Ger. all, Icel. allr. Dan. al, Sw. all, Goth.
   alls; and perh. to Ir. and Gael. uile, W. oll.]

   1.  The  whole  quantity, extent, duration, amount, quality, or degree
   of;  the  whole; the whole number of; any whatever; every; as, all the
   wheat;  all  the  land; all the year; all the strength; all happiness;
   all  abundance;  loss  of all power; beyond all doubt; you will see us
   all (or all of us).

     Prove all things: hold fast that which is good. 1 Thess. v. 21.

   2. Any. [Obs.] "Without all remedy." Shak.

     NOTE: &hand; Wh en the definite article "the," or a possessive or a
     demonstrative  pronoun,  is  joined to the noun that all qualifies,
     all precedes the article or the pronoun; as, all the cattle; all my
     labor;  all  his  wealth;  all our families; all your citizens; all
     their property; all other joys.

     NOTE: This wo  rd, no t on ly in  po pular la nguage, bu t in  th e
     Scriptures,  often  signifies,  indefinitely,  a  large  portion or
     number,  or  a  great part. Thus, all the cattle in Egypt died, all
     Judea and all the region round about Jordan, all men held John as a
     prophet,  are  not  to  be  understood  in  a literal sense, but as
     including a large part, or very great numbers.

   3. Only; alone; nothing but.

     I was born to speak all mirth and no matter. Shak.

   All  the whole, the whole (emphatically). [Obs.] "All the whole army."
   Shak.
   
                                      All
                                       
   All, adv. 

   1.  Wholly;  completely;  altogether;  entirely;  quite; very; as, all
   bedewed; my friend is all for amusement. "And cheeks all pale." Byron.
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   Page 40

     NOTE: &hand; In  th e an cient phrases, all too dear, all too much,
     all  so  long,  etc.,  this  word  retains its appropriate sense or
     becomes intensive.

   2. Even; just. (Often a mere intensive adjunct.) [Obs. or Poet.]

     All as his straying flock he fed. Spenser.

     A damsel lay deploring All on a rock reclined. Gay.

   All  to,  OR All-to. In such phrases as "all to rent," "all to break,"
   "all-to  frozen,"  etc.,  which  are of frequent occurrence in our old
   authors,  the  all and the to have commonly been regarded as forming a
   compound  adverb,  equivalent  in  meaning  to  entirely,  completely,
   altogether.  But  the  sense of entireness lies wholly in the word all
   (as  it  does  in  "all forlorn," and similar expressions), and the to
   properly  belongs  to  the  following  word, being a kind of intensive
   prefix  (orig.  meaning  asunder  and  answering  to the LG. ter-, HG.
   zer-).  It is frequently to be met with in old books, used without the
   all.  Thus  Wyclif  says, "The vail of the temple was to rent:" and of
   Judas,  "He  was hanged and to-burst the middle:" i. e., burst in two,
   or  asunder.  --  All  along.  See  under  Along.  --  All  and  some,
   individually and collectively, one and all. [Obs.] "Displeased all and
   some."  Fairfax.  -- All but. (a) Scarcely; not even. [Obs.] Shak. (b)
   Almost;  nearly. "The fine arts were all but proscribed." Macaulay. --
   All  hollow,  entirely,  completely;  as,  to beat any one all hollow.
   [Low]  --  All one, the same thing in effect; that is, wholly the same
   thing. -- All over, over the whole extent; thoroughly; wholly; as, she
   is  her  mother  all  over.  [Colloq.]  --  All the better, wholly the
   better;  that  is,  better  by  the whole difference. -- All the same,
   nevertheless.  "There  they  [certain phenomena] remain rooted all the
   same, whether we recognize them or not." J. C. Shairp. "But Rugby is a
   very nice place all the same." T. Arnold. -- See also under All, n.
   
                                      All
                                       
   All  (#),  n. The whole number, quantity, or amount; the entire thing;
   everything  included or concerned; the aggregate; the whole; totality;
   everything or every person; as, our all is at stake.
   
     Death, as the Psalmist saith, is certain to all. Shak.
     
     All that thou seest is mine. Gen. xxxi. 43.
     
     NOTE: All is u sed  with  of, like a partitive; as, all of a thing,
     all of us.

   After all, after considering everything to the contrary; nevertheless.
   --  All  in  all,  a phrase which signifies all things to a person, or
   everything desired; (also adverbially) wholly; altogether.
   
     Thou shalt be all in all, and I in thee, Forever. Milton.
     
     Trust me not at all, or all in all. Tennyson.
     
   --  All  in  the  wind  (Naut.),  a phrase denoting that the sails are
   parallel with the course of the wind, so as to shake. -- All told, all
   counted;  in  all. -- And all, and the rest; and everything connected.
   "Bring  our  crown  and  all."  Shak. -- At all. (a) In every respect;
   wholly;  thoroughly.  [Obs.] "She is a shrew at al(l)." Chaucer. (b) A
   phrase  much  used  by  way  of  enforcement  or  emphasis, usually in
   negative  or  interrogative  sentences,  and  signifying in any way or
   respect;  in  the  least  degree or to the least extent; in the least;
   under  any  circumstances;  as,  he has no ambition at all; has he any
   property  at  all? "Nothing at all. " Shak. "It thy father at all miss
   me." 1 Sam. xx. 6. -- Over all, everywhere. [Obs.] Chaucer.
   
     NOTE: &hand; A ll i s m uch u sed i n c omposition t o e nlarge the
     meaning,  or  add  force  to  a  word.  In  some  instances,  it is
     completely  incorporated  into  words,  and  its final consonant is
     dropped,  as  in almighty, already, always: but, in most instances,
     it  is an adverb prefixed to adjectives or participles, but usually
     with  a  hyphen,  as,  all-bountiful,  all-glorious,  allimportant,
     all-surrounding,  etc.  In others it is an adjective; as, allpower,
     all-giver. Anciently many words, as, alabout, alaground, etc., were
     compounded with all, which are now written separately.
     
                                      All
                                       
   All,  conj.  [Orig.  all,  adv., wholly: used with though or if, which
   being  dropped  before  the  subjunctive  left  all as if in the sense
   although.] Although; albeit. [Obs.]
   
     All they were wondrous loth. Spenser.
     
                                  Alla breve
                                       
   Al`la  bre"ve  (#).  [It., according to the breve.] (Old Church Music)
   With  one breve, or four minims, to measure, and sung faster like four
   crotchets; in quick common time; -- indicated in the time signature by
   
                                     Allah
                                       
   Al"lah  (#),  n. [ contr. fr. the article al the + ilah God.] The name
   of  the  Supreme  Being,  in  use  among the Arabs and the Mohammedans
   generally.
   
                                  All-a-mort
                                       
   All`-a-mort" (#), a. See Alamort.
   
                                   Allanite
                                       
   Al"lan*ite  (#),  n.  [From  T. Allan, who first distinguished it as a
   species.] (min.) A silicate containing a large amount of cerium. It is
   usually  black in color, opaque, and is related to epidote in form and
   composition.
   
                                   Allantoic
                                       
   Al`lan*to"ic  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  allanto\'8bque.]  Pertaining  to, or
   contained in, the allantois. Allantoic acid. (Chem.) See Allantoin.
   
                            Allantoid, Allantoidal
                                       
   Al*lan"toid  (#), Al`lan*toid"al (#), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Of or pertaining
   to the allantois.
   
                                  Allantoidea
                                       
   Al`lan*toid"e*a   (#),   n.  pl.  [NL.]  (Zo\'94l.)  The  division  of
   Vertebrata  in  which  the  embryo  develops an allantois. It includes
   reptiles, birds, and mammals. 

                                   Allantoin

   Al*lan"to*in  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  A crystalline, transparent, colorless
   substance found in the allantoic liquid of the fetal calf; -- formerly
   called allantoic acid and amniotic acid.

                             Allantois, Allantoid

   Al*lan"to*is   (#),  Al*lan"toid  (#),  }  n..  (Anat.)  A  membranous
   appendage  of  the  embryos  of  mammals,  birds,  and reptiles, -- in
   mammals  serving  to  connect  the  fetus with the parent; the urinary
   vesicle.

                                   Allatrate

   Al"la*trate  (#), v. i. [L. allatrare. See Latrate.] To bark as a dog.
   [Obs.] Stubbes.

                                     Allay

   Al*lay"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Allayed  (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Allaying.] [OE. alaien, aleggen, to lay down, put down, humble, put an
   end  to,  AS.  \'belecgan; \'be- (cf. Goth. us-, G. er-, orig. meaning
   out)  +  lecgan  to lay; but confused with old forms of allege, alloy,
   alegge. See Lay.]

   1.  To  make  quiet or put at rest; to pacify or appease; to quell; to
   calm;  as,  to  allay  popular  excitement; to allay the tumult of the
   passions.

   2.  To  alleviate; to abate; to mitigate; as, to allay the severity of
   affliction or the bitterness of adversity.

     It would allay the burning quality of that fell poison. Shak.

   Syn. -- To alleviate; check; repress; assuage; appease; abate; subdue;
   destroy; compose; soothe; calm; quiet. See Alleviate.

                                     Allay

   Al*lay"  (#),  v.  t.  To  diminish in strength; to abate; to subside.
   "When the rage allays." Shak.

                                     Allay

   Al*lay", n. Alleviation; abatement; check. [Obs.]

                                     Allay

   Al*lay", n. Alloy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Allay

   Al*lay",  v.  t. To mix (metals); to mix with a baser metal; to alloy;
   to deteriorate. [Archaic] Fuller.

                                    Allayer

   Al*lay"er (#), n. One who, or that which, allays.

                                   Allayment

   Al*lay"ment (#), n. An allaying; that which allays; mitigation. [Obs.]

     The like allayment could I give my grief. Shak.

                                   Allecret

   Al"le*cret (#), n. [OF. alecret, halecret, hallecret.] A kind of light
   armor used in the sixteenth century, esp. by the Swiss. Fairholt.

                                    Allect

   Al*lect"  (#),  v.  t. [L. allectare, freq. of allicere, allectum.] To
   allure; to entice. [Obs.]

                                  Allectation

   Al`lec*ta"tion (#), n. [L. allectatio.] Enticement; allurement. [Obs.]
   Bailey.

                                   Allective

   Al*lec"tive (#), a. [LL. allectivus.] Alluring. [Obs.]

                                   Allective

   Al*lec"tive, n. Allurement. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

                                    Alledge

   Al*ledge" (#), v. t. See Allege. [Obs.]

     NOTE: &hand; Th is spelling, corresponding to abridge, was once the
     prevailing one.

                                  Allegation

   Al`le*ga"tion  (#), n. [L. allegatio, fr. allegare, allegatum, to send
   a  message,  cite;  later,  to  free by giving reasons; ad + legare to
   send, commission. Cf. Allege and Adlegation.]

   1. The act of alleging or positively asserting.

   2.  That  which is alleged, asserted, or declared; positive assertion;
   formal averment

     I thought their allegation but reasonable. Steele.

   3.  (Law)  A  statement  by a party of what he undertakes to prove, --
   usually  applied  to  each  separate  averment;  the  charge or matter
   undertaken to be proved.

                                    Allege

   Al*lege"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Alleged (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Alleging.]  [OE. aleggen to bring forward as evidence, OF. esligier to
   buy,  prop.  to  free  from  legal  difficulties,  fr.  an assumed LL.
   exlitigare;  L. ex + litigare to quarrel, sue (see Litigate). The word
   was  confused  with  L.  allegare  (see  Allegation), and lex law. Cf.
   Allay.]

   1.  To  bring  forward  with  positiveness;  to declare; to affirm; to
   assert; as, to allege a fact.

   2. To cite or quote; as, to allege the authority of a judge. [Archaic]

   3.  To produce or urge as a reason, plea, or excuse; as, he refused to
   lend, alleging a resolution against lending. Syn. -- To bring forward;
   adduce;  advance;  assign;  produce;  declare;  affirm;  assert; aver;
   predicate.

                                    Allege

   Al*lege",  v. t. [See Allay.] To alleviate; to lighten, as a burden or
   a trouble. [Obs.] Wyclif.

                                  Allegeable

   Al*lege"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being alleged or affirmed.

     The most authentic examples allegeable in the case. South.

                                  Allegeance

   Al*lege"ance (#), n. Allegation. [Obs.]

                                  Allegement

   Al*lege"ment (#), n. Allegation. [Obs.]

     With many complaints and allegements. Bp. Sanderson.

                                    Alleger

   Al*leg"er (#), n. One who affirms or declares.

                                    Allegge

   Al*legge" (#), v. t. See Alegge and Allay. [Obs.]

                                  Allegiance

   Al*le"giance  (#), n. [OE. alegeaunce; pref. a- + OF. lige, liege. The
   meaning  was  influenced by L. ligare to bind, and even by lex, legis,
   law. See Liege, Ligeance.]

   1.  The  tie or obligation, implied or expressed, which a subject owes
   to  his  sovereign  or government; the duty of fidelity to one's king,
   government, or state.

   2.  Devotion;  loyalty;  as,  allegiance  to science. Syn. -- Loyalty;
   fealty.  --  Allegiance,  Loyalty. These words agree in expressing the
   general  idea  of  fidelity  and  attachment  to the "powers that be."
   Allegiance is an obligation to a ruling power. Loyalty is a feeling or
   sentiment  towards  such power. Allegiance may exist under any form of
   government,  and,  in  a republic, we generally speak of allegiance to
   the  government,  to  the  state,  etc.  In well conducted monarchies,
   loyalty  is  a  warm-hearted  feeling of fidelity and obedience to the
   sovereign.  It  is  personal  in its nature; and hence we speak of the
   loyalty  of  a  wife  to  her husband, not of her allegiance. In cases
   where  we  personify,  loyalty  is  more  commonly  the word used; as,
   loyalty  to  the constitution; loyalty to the cause of virtue; loyalty
   to truth and religion, etc.

     Hear me, recreant, on thine allegiance hear me! Shak.

     So  spake  the  Seraph  Abdiel,  faithful  found,  .  . . Unshaken,
     unseduced,  unterrified,  His  loyalty he kept, his love, his zeal.
     Milton.

                                   Allegiant

   Al*le"giant (#), a. Loyal. Shak.

                            Allegoric, Allegorical

   Al`le*gor"ic  (#),  Al`le*gor"ic*al  (#),  a.  [F.  all\'82gorique, L.
   allegorius,  fr.  Gr.  Allegory.]  Belonging  to,  or  consisting  of,
   allegory;  of  the  nature of an allegory; describing by resemblances;
   figurative.   "An   allegoric   tale."   Falconer.   "An   allegorical
   application." Pope.

     Allegorical being . . . that kind of language which says one thing,
     but means another. Max Miller.

   Al`le*gor"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Al`le*gor"ic*al*ness, n.

                                  Allegorist

   Al"le*go*rist  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F. allegoriste.] One who allegorizes; a
   writer of allegory. Hume.

                                Allegorization

   Al`le*gor"i*za"tion  (#),  n.  The act of turning into allegory, or of
   understanding in an allegorical sense.

                                  Allegorize

   Al"le*go*rize  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Allegorized (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n. Allegorizing.] [Cf. F. all\'82goriser, fr. L. allegorizare.]

   1.  To  form or turn into allegory; as, to allegorize the history of a
   people.

   2. To treat as allegorical; to understand in an allegorical sense; as,
   when  a  passage in a writer may understood literally or figuratively,
   he who gives it a figurative sense is said to allegorize it.

                                  Allegorize

   Al"le*go*rize, v. t. To use allegory. Holland.

                                  Allegorizer

   Al"le*go*ri`zer  (#),  n.  One  who  allegorizes, or turns things into
   allegory; an allegorist.

                                   Allegory

   Al"le*go*ry   (#),   n.;   pl.  Allegories  (#).  [L.  allegoria,  Gr.
   all\'82gorie.]

   1.  A figurative sentence or discourse, in which the principal subject
   is  described  by  another subject resembling it in its properties and
   circumstances.  The  real subject is thus kept out of view, and we are
   left  to  collect  the  intentions  of  the  writer  or speaker by the
   resemblance of the secondary to the primary subject.

   2. Anything which represents by suggestive resemblance; an emblem.

   3.  (Paint.  &  Sculpt.)  A  figure representation which has a meaning
   beyond  notion  directly conveyed by the object painted or sculptured.
   Syn.  --  Metaphor;  fable. -- Allegory, Parable. "An allegory differs
   both  from  fable  and  parable, in that the properties of persons are
   fictitiously  represented  as attached to things, to which they are as
   it were transferred. . . . A figure of Peace and Victory crowning some
   historical  personage  is  an  allegory.  "I  am  the Vine, ye are the
   branches" [John xv. 1-6] is a spoken allegory. In the parable there is
   no  transference  of properties. The parable of the sower [Matt. xiii.
   3-23]  represents  all  things as according to their proper nature. In
   the  allegory quoted above the properties of the vine and the relation
   of  the  branches  are  transferred  to  the  person of Christ and His
   apostles and disciples." C. J. Smith.

     NOTE: An al legory is  a  pr olonged me taphor. Bunyan's "Pilgrim's
     Progress"  and Spenser's "Fa\'89rie Queene" are celebrated examples
     of the allegory.

                                  Allegresse

   Al`le`gresse"  (#),  n.  [F.  all\'82gresse, fr. L. alacer sprightly.]
   Joy; gladsomeness.

                                  Allegretto

   Al`le*gret"to  (#),  a.  [It.,  dim.  of allegro.] (Mus.) Quicker than
   andante, but not so quick as allegro. -- n. A movement in this time.

                                    Allegro

   Al*le"gro (#), a. [It., merry, gay, fr. L. alacer lively. Cf. Aleger.]
   (Mus.)  Brisk,  lively.  -- n. An allegro movement; a quick, sprightly
   strain or piece.

                              Alleluia, Alleluiah

   Al`le*lu"ia,  Al`le*lu"iah  (#), n. [L. alleluia, Gr. hall-y\'beh. See
   Hallelujah.]  An  exclamation  signifying  Praise ye Jehovah. Hence: A
   song of praise to God. See Hallelujah, the commoner form.

     I  heard  a great voice of much people in heaven, saying, Alleluia.
     Rev. xix. 1.

                                   Allemande

   Al"le*mande" (#), n. [F., fr. allemand German.]

   1.  (Mus.) A dance in moderate twofold time, invented by the French in
   the reign of Louis XIV.; -- now mostly found in suites of pieces, like
   those of Bach and Handel.

   2. A figure in dancing.

                                  Allemannic

   Al`le*man"nic (#), a. See Alemannic.

                                   Allenarly

   Al*len"ar*ly  (#),  adv.  [All  + anerly singly, fr. ane one.] Solely;
   only. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

                                     Aller

   Al"ler  (#),  a.  [For  ealra,  the  AS. gen. pl. of eal all.] Same as
   Alder, of all. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Allerion

   Al*le"ri*on  (#),  n.  [F.  al\'82rion, LL. alario a sort of eagle; of
   uncertain origin.] (Her.) Am eagle without beak or feet, with expanded
   wings. Burke.

                                   Alleviate

   Al*le"vi*ate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Alleviated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Alleviating.]  [LL.  alleviare,  fr.  L. ad + levis light. See Alegge,
   Levity.]

   1. To lighten or lessen the force or weight of. [Obs.]

     Should no others join capable to alleviate the expense. Evelyn.

     Those  large  bladders . . . conduce much to the alleviating of the
     body [of flying birds]. Ray.

   2. To lighten or lessen (physical or mental troubles); to mitigate, or
   make easier to be endured; as, to alleviate sorrow, pain, care, etc. ;
   -- opposed to aggravate.

     The calamity of the want of the sense of hearing is much alleviated
     by giving the use of letters. Bp. Horsley.

   3. To extenuate; to palliate. [R.]

     He alleviates his fault by an excuse. Johnson.

   Syn.  --  To  lessen;  diminish;  soften;  mitigate;  assuage;  abate;
   relieve;  nullify;  allay.  -- To Alleviate, Mitigate, Assuage, Allay.
   These words have in common the idea of relief from some painful state;
   and  being all figurative, they differ in their application, according
   to  the image under which this idea is presented. Alleviate supposes a
   load  which  is  lightened or taken off; as, to alleviate one's cares.
   Mitigate supposes something fierce which is made mild; as, to mitigate
   one's  anguish.  Assuage  supposes something violent which is quieted;
   as,  to  assuage  one's  sorrow.  Allay  supposes something previously
   excited,  but  now brought down; as, to allay one's suffering or one's
   thirst.   To  alleviate  the  distresses  of  life;  to  mitigate  the
   fierceness  of  passion  or  the  violence  of grief; to assuage angry
   feeling; to allay wounded sensibility.

                                  Alleviation

   Al*le`vi*a"tion (#), n. [LL. alleviatio.]

   1.  The  act  of  alleviating;  a  lightening  of  weight or severity;
   mitigation; relief.
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   Page 41

   2. That which mitigates, or makes more tolerable.

     I  have  not  wanted  such alleviations of life as friendship could
     supply. Johnson.

                                  Alleviative

   Al*le"vi*a*tive  (#),  a.  Tending  to  alleviate.  --  n.  That which
   alleviates.

                                  Alleviator

   Al*le"vi*a`tor (#), n. One who, or that which, alleviaties.

                                  Alleviatory

   Al*le"vi*a*to*ry (#), a. Alleviative. Carlyle.

                                     Alley

   Al"ley  (#),  n.;  pl.  Alleys  (#). [OE. aley, alley, OF. al\'82e, F.
   all\'82e,  a  going,  passage,  fr.  OE.  aler,  F.  aller,  to go; of
   uncertain origin: cf. Prov. anar, It. andare, Sp. andar.]

   1. A narrow passage; especially a walk or passage in a garden or park,
   bordered by rows of trees or bushes; a bordered way.

     I know each lane and every alley green. Milton.

   2.  A  narrow  passage  or  way  in  a city, as distinct from a public
   street. Gay.

   3. A passageway between rows of pews in a church.

   4.  (Persp.) Any passage having the entrance represented as wider than
   the exit, so as to give the appearance of length.

   5.  The  space  between  two rows of compositors' stands in a printing
   office.

                                     Alley

   Al"ley,  n.;  pl. Alleys (#). [A contraction of alabaster, of which it
   was originally made.] A choice taw or marble. Dickens.

                                    Alleyed

   Al"leyed  (#), a. Furnished with alleys; forming an alley. "An alleyed
   walk." Sir W. Scott.

                                   Alleyway

   Al"ley*way` (#) n. An alley.

                                All Fools' Day

   All"  Fools' Day` (#). The first day of April, a day on which sportive
   impositions are practiced.

     The  first  of April, some do say, Is set apart for All Fools' Day.
     Poor Robin's Almanack (1760).

                                   Allfours

   All`fours"  (#).  [All + four (cards).] A game at cards, called "High,
   Low, Jack, and the Game."

                                   All fours

   All`  fours"  [formerly, All` four".] All four legs of a quadruped; or
   the two legs and two arms of a person. To be, go, or run, on all fours
   (Fig.), to be on the same footing; to correspond (with) exactly; to be
   alike  in  all the circumstances to be considered. "This example is on
   all fours with the other." "No simile can go on all fours." Macaulay.
   
                                   All hail
                                       
   All`  hail"  (#).  [All  +  hail,  interj.] All health; -- a phrase of
   salutation or welcome.
   
                                   All-hail
                                       
   All`-hail", v. t. To salute; to greet. [Poet.]
   
     Whiles  I  stood  rapt  in the wonder of it, came missives from the
     king, who all-hailed me "Thane of Cawdor." Shak.
     
                                  Allhallond
                                       
   All`hal"lond (#), n. Allhallows. [Obs.] Shak.
   
                             Allhallow, Allhallows
                                       
   All`hal"low (#), All`hal"lows (#), n. 

   1. All the saints (in heaven). [Obs.]

   2.  All  Saints'  Day,  November  1st. [Archaic] <-- All Hallows Eve =
   Halloween, Dec. 31 st. -->

                                   Allhallow

   All`hal"low (#). The evening before Allhallows. See Halloween.

                                 Allhallowmas

   All`hal"low*mas (#), n. The feast of All Saints.

                                  Allhallown

   All`hal"lown  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to the time of Allhallows.
   [Obs.]  "Allhallown  summer."  Shak.  (i.  e.,  late  summer;  "Indian
   Summer").

                                 Allhallowtide

   All`hal"low*tide`  (#),  n. [AS. t\'c6d time.] The time at or near All
   Saints, or November 1st.

                                    Allheal

   All"heal (#), n. A name popularly given to the officinal valerian, and
   to some other plants.

                                   Alliable

   Al*li"a*ble (#), a. Able to enter into alliance.

                                  Alliaceous

   Al`li*a"ceous (#), a. Of or pertaining to the genus Allium, or garlic,
   onions, leeks, etc.; having the smell or taste of garlic or onions.

                                   Alliance

   Al*li"ance  (#),  n.  [OE. aliaunce, OF. aliance, F. alliance, fr. OF.
   alier, F. allier. See Ally, and cf. LL. alligantia.]

   1.  The  state of being allied; the act of allying or uniting; a union
   or  connection  of  interests between families, states, parties, etc.,
   especially between families by marriage and states by compact, treaty,
   or  league;  as, matrimonial alliances; an alliance between church and
   state; an alliance between France and England.

   2.  Any  union  resembling  that  of  families  or  states;  union  by
   relationship in qualities; affinity.

     The  alliance  of  the  principles  of  the world with those of the
     gospel. C. J. Smith.

     The alliance . . . between logic and metaphysics. Mansel.

   3. The persons or parties allied. Udall. Syn. -- Connection; affinity;
   union; confederacy; confederation; league; coalition.

                                   Alliance

   Al*li"ance, v. t. To connect by alliance; to ally. [Obs.]

                                    Alliant

   Al*li"ant  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F. alliant, p. pr.] An ally; a confederate.
   [Obs. & R.] Sir H. Wotton.

                                 Allice, Allis

   Al"lice,   Al"lis   (#),  n.  (Zo\'94l.)  The  European  shad  (Clupea
   vulgaris); allice shad. See Alose.

                                  Alliciency

   Al*li"cien*cy  (#), n. Attractive power; attractiveness. [Obs.] Sir T.
   Browne.

                                   Allicient

   Al*li"cient  (#), a. [L. alliciens, p. pr. of allicere to allure; ad +
   lacere  to  entice.]  That  attracts; attracting. -- n. That attracts.
   [Rare or Obs.]

                                    Allied

   Al*lied" (#), a. United; joined; leagued; akin; related. See Ally.

                                   Alligate

   Al*li*gate  (#), v. t. [L. alligatus, p. p. of alligare. See Ally.] To
   tie; to unite by some tie.

     Instincts alligated to their nature. Sir M. Hale.

                                  Alligation

   Al`li*ga"tion (#), n. [L. alligatio.]

   1.  The  act of tying together or attaching by some bond, or the state
   of being attached. [R.]

   2.  (Arith.)  A  rule relating to the solution of questions concerning
   the  compounding or mixing of different ingredients, or ingredients of
   different qualities or values.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e ru le is  na med fr om th e me thod of connecting
     together the terms by certain ligature-like signs. Alligation is of
     two  kinds,  medial  and  alternate;  medial teaching the method of
     finding  the  price  or  quality  of  a  mixture  of several simple
     ingredients  whose  prices  and  qualities  are  known;  alternate,
     teaching  the  amount  of  each of several simple ingredients whose
     prices  or  qualities  are  known, which will be required to make a
     mixture of given price or quality.

                                   Alligator

   Al"li*ga`tor (#), n. [Sp. el lagarto the lizard (el lagarto de Indias,
   the  cayman  or American crocodile), fr. L. lacertus, lacerta, lizard.
   See Lizard.]

   1.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  large  carnivorous reptile of the Crocodile family,
   peculiar  to  America.  It  has  a  shorter and broader snout than the
   crocodile,  and the large teeth of the lower jaw shut into pits in the
   upper  jaw,  which has no marginal notches. Besides the common species
   of  the  southern  United  States,  there  are allied species in South
   America.

   2.  (Mech.)  Any machine with strong jaws, one of which opens like the
   movable  jaw  of  an  alligator;  as,  (a)  (Metal  Working) a form of
   squeezer  for  the  puddle  ball;  (b)  (Mining)  a  rock breaker; (c)
   (Printing) a kind of job press, called also alligator press.
   Alligator  apple  (Bot.),  the  fruit  of  the Anona palustris, a West
   Indian  tree.  It is said to be narcotic in its properties. Loudon. --
   Alligator  fish  (Zo\'94l.),  a  marine  fish  of northwestern America
   (Podothecus  acipenserinus).  --  Alligator gar (Zo\'94l.), one of the
   gar  pikes  (Lepidosteus  spatula) found in the southern rivers of the
   United States. The name is also applied to other species of gar pikes.
   --  Alligator  pear (Bot.), a corruption of Avocado pear. See Avocado.
   -- Alligator snapper, Alligator tortoise, Alligator turtle (Zo\'94l.),
   a  very large and voracious turtle (Macrochelys lacertina) in habiting
   the  rivers  of  the  southern United States. It sometimes reaches the
   weight  of  two  hundred pounds. Unlike the common snapping turtle, to
   which  the  name is sometimes erroneously applied, it has a scaly head
   and  many  small scales beneath the tail. This name is sometimes given
   to  other  turtles,  as  to species of Trionyx. -- Alligator wood, the
   timber of a tree of the West Indies (Guarea Swartzii).

                                  Allignment

   Al*lign"ment (#), n. See Alignment.

                                   Allineate

   Al*lin"e*ate  (#), v. t. [L. ad + lineatus, p. p. of lineare to draw a
   line.] To align. [R.] Herschel.

                           Allineation, Alineeation

   Al*lin`e*a"tion  (#), A*line`e*a"tion (#), n. Alignment; position in a
   straight line, as of two planets with the sun. Whewell.

     The allineation of the two planets. C. A. Young.

                                   Allision

   Al*li"sion  (#),  n.  [L.  allisio,  fr.  allidere,  to strike or dash
   against; ad + laedere to dash against.] The act of dashing against, or
   striking upon.

     The boisterous allision of the sea. Woodward.

                                   Alliteral

   Al*lit"er*al (#), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by alliteration.

                                  Alliterate

   Al*lit"er*ate   (#),   v.  t.  To  employ  or  place  so  as  to  make
   alliteration. Skeat.

                                  Alliterate

   Al*lit"er*ate,  v.  i.  To compose alliteratively; also, to constitute
   alliteration.

                                 Alliteration

   Al*lit`er*a"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ad  + litera letter. See Letter.] The
   repetition  of  the  same letter at the beginning of two or more words
   immediately  succeeding  each  other, or at short intervals; as in the
   following lines: -

     Behemoth, biggest born of earth, upheaved His vastness. Milton.

     Fly o'er waste fens and windy fields. Tennyson.

     NOTE: &hand; The recurrence of the same letter in accented parts of
     words   is   also   called   alliteration.  Anglo-Saxon  poetry  is
     characterized  by alliterative meter of this sort. Later poets also
     employed it.

     In a somer seson whan soft was the sonne, I shope me in shroudes as
     I a shepe were. P. Plowman.

                                 Alliterative

   Al*lit"er*a*tive  (?;  277),  a.  Pertaining  to, or characterized by,
   alliteration; as, alliterative poetry. -- Al*lit"er*a*tive*ly, adv. --
   Al*lit"er*a*tive*ness, n.

                                  Alliterator

   Al*lit"er*a`tor (#), n. One who alliterates.

                                    Allium

   Al"li*um (#), n. [L., garlic.] (bot.) A genus of plants, including the
   onion, garlic, leek, chive, etc.

                                   Allmouth

   All"mouth` (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) The angler.

                                    Allness

   All"ness (#), n. Totality; completeness. [R.]

     The allness of God, including his absolute spirituality, supremacy,
     and eternity. R. Turnbull.

                                   Allnight

   All"night`  (#),  n.  Light, fuel, or food for the whole night. [Obs.]
   Bacon.

                                   Allocate

   Al"lo*cate  (#),  v. t. [LL. allocatus, p. p. of allocare, fr. L. ad +
   locare to place. See Allow.]

   1. To distribute or assign; to allot. Burke.

   2. To localize. [R.]

                                  Allocation

   Al`lo*ca"tion (#), n. [LL. allocatio: cf. F. allocation.]

   1.  The  act  of putting one thing to another; a placing; disposition;
   arrangement. Hallam.

   2.  An  allotment  or  apportionment; as, an allocation of shares in a
   company.

     The  allocation  of  the  particular  portions  of Palestine to its
     successive inhabitants. A. R. Stanley.

   3.  The  admission of an item in an account, or an allowance made upon
   an account; -- a term used in the English exchequer.

                                   Allocatur

   Al`lo*ca"tur  (#),  n.  [LL.,  it  is allowed, fr. allocare to allow.]
   (Law)  "Allowed."  The  word  allocatur  expresses  the allowance of a
   proceeding, writ, order, etc., by a court, judge, or judicial officer.

                                  Allochroic

   Al`lo*chro"ic (#), a. Changeable in color.

                                  Allochroite

   Al*loch"ro*ite (#), n. (Min.) See Garnet.

                                  Allochroous

   Al*loch"ro*ous (#), a. [Gr. Changing color.

                                  Allocution

   Al`lo*cu"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  allocuto,  fr. alloqui to speak to; ad +
   loqui to speak: cf. F. allocution.]

   1. The act or manner of speaking to, or of addressing in words.

   2.  An  address;  a hortatory or authoritative address as of a pope to
   his clergy. Addison.

                                     Allod

   Al"lod (#), n. See Allodium.

                                   Allodial

   Al*lo"di*al  (#),  a.  [LL. allodialis, fr. allodium: cf. F. allodial.
   See Allodium.] (Law) Pertaining to allodium; freehold; free of rent or
   service;  held  independent of a lord paramount; -- opposed to feudal;
   as, allodial lands; allodial system. Blackstone.

                                   Allodial

   Al*lo"di*al, a. Anything held allodially. W. Coxe.

                                  Allodialism

   Al*lo"di*al*ism (#), n. The allodial system.

                                  Allodialist

   Al*lo"di*al*ist, n. One who holds allodial land.

                                  Allodially

   Al*lo"di*al*ly, adv. By allodial tenure.

                                   Allodiary

   Al*lo"di*a*ry (#), n. One who holds an allodium.

                                   Allodium

   Al*lo"di*um  (#),  n. [LL. allodium, alodium, alodis, alaudis, of Ger.
   origin;  cf.  OHG.  al  all, and (AS. e\'bed) possession, property. It
   means,  therefore,  entirely  one's  property.] (Law) Freehold estate;
   land  which is the absolute property of the owner; real estate held in
   absolute  independence, without being subject to any rent, service, or
   acknowledgment  to a superior. It is thus opposed to feud. Blackstone.
   Bouvier.

                                  Allogamous

   Al*log"a*mous (#), a. (Bot.) Characterized by allogamy.

                                   Allogamy

   Al*log"a*my  (#) n. [Gr. (Bot.) Fertilization of the pistil of a plant
   by pollen from another of the same species; cross-fertilization.

                                  Allogeneous

   Al`lo*ge"ne*ous (#), a. [Gr. Different in nature or kind. [R.]

                                   Allograph

   Al"lo*graph  (#), n. [Gr. -graph.] A writing or signature made by some
   person other than any of the parties thereto; -- opposed to autograph.
   <-- Allomer; Allomeric -->

                                  Allomerism

   Al*lom"er*ism   (#),   n.   [Gr.   (Chem.)   Variability  in  chemical
   constitution without variation in crystalline form.

                                  Allomerous

   Al*lom"er*ous (#), a. (Chem.) Characterized by allomerism.

                                   Allomorph

   Al"lo*morph  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Min.) (a) Any one of two or more distinct
   crystalline  forms of the same substance; or the substance having such
   forms;  --  as, carbonate of lime occurs in the allomorphs calcite and
   aragonite. (b) A variety of pseudomorph which has undergone partial or
   complete  change  or  substitution  of  material;  -- thus limonite is
   frequently an allomorph after pyrite. G. H. Williams.

                                  Allomorphic

   Al`lo*mor"phic (#), a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to allomorphism.

                                 Allomorphism

   Al`lo*mor"phism  (#),  n.  (Min.)  The  property  which constitutes an
   allomorph; the change involved in becoming an allomorph.

                                    Allonge

   Al*longe"  (#),  n.  [F.  allonge,  earlier alonge, a lengthening. See
   Allonge, v., and cf. Lunge.]

   1. (Fencing) A thrust or pass; a lunge.

   2.  A  slip  of  paper  attached  to  a bill of exchange for receiving
   indorsements,  when  the  back  of  the bill itself is already full; a
   rider. [A French usage] Abbott.

                                    Allonge

   Al*longe",  v. i. [F. allonger; \'85 (L. ad) + long (L. longus) long.]
   To thrust with a sword; to lunge.

                                    Allonym

   Al"lo*nym (#), n. [F. allonyme, fr. Gr.

   1. The name of another person assumed by the author of a work.

   2. A work published under the name of some one other than the author.

                                  Allonymous

   Al*lon"y*mous  (#), a. Published under the name of some one other than
   the author.

                                     Alloo

   Al*loo"  (#),  v.  t. or i. [See Halloo.] To incite dogs by a call; to
   halloo. [Obs.]

                                   Allopath

   Al"lo*path (#), n. [Cf. F. allopathe.] An allopathist. Ed. Rev.

                                  Allopathic

   Al`lo*path"ic  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  allopathique.]  Of or pertaining to
   allopathy.

                                Allopathically

   Al`lo*path"ic*al*ly (#), adv. In a manner conformable to allopathy; by
   allopathic methods.

                                  Allopathist

   Al*lop"a*thist  (#), n. One who practices allopathy; one who professes
   allopathy.

                                   Allopathy

   Al*lop"a*thy (#), n. [Gr. allopathie, F. allopathie. See Pathos.] That
   system  of medical practice which aims to combat disease by the use of
   remedies  which  produce  effects different from those produced by the
   special  disease treated; -- a term invented by Hahnemann to designate
   the ordinary practice, as opposed to homeopathy.

                            Allophylic, Allophylian

   Al`lo*phyl"ic  (#),  Al`lo*phyl"i*an (#), a. [Gr. Pertaining to a race
   or a language neither Aryan nor Semitic. J. Prichard.

                                    Alloquy

   Al"lo*quy  (#),  n. [L. alloquim, fr. alloqui.] A speaking to another;
   an address. [Obs.]

                                     Allot

   Al*lot" (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Allotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Allotting.]
   [OF. aloter, F. allotir; a (L. ad) + lot lot. See Lot.]

   1. To distribute by lot.

   2. To distribute, or parcel out in parts or portions; or to distribute
   to  each  individual  concerned;  to  assign as a share or lot; to set
   apart  as  one's  share;  to  bestow on; to grant; to appoint; as, let
   every man be contented with that which Providence allots him.

     Ten years I will allot to the attainment of knowledge. Johnson.

                                  Allotheism

   Al"lo*the*ism (#), n. [Gr. The worship of strange gods. Jer. Taylor.

                                   Allotment

   Al*lot"ment (#), n. [Cf. OF. alotement, F. allotement.]

   1. The act of allotting; assignment.

   2.  That  which  is  allotted;  a  share,  part, or portion granted or
   distributed;  that  which  is  assigned  by lot, or by the act of God;
   anything set apart for a special use or to a distinct party.

     The alloments of God and nature. L'Estrange.

     A vineyard and an allotment for olives and herbs. Broome.

   3.  (law)  The  allowance  of  a  specific  amount  of  scrip  or of a
   particular thing to a particular person.
   Cottage  allotment,  an  allotment  of  a  small  portion of land to a
   country laborer for garden cultivation. [Eng.]
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   Page 42

                                 Allotriophagy

   Al`lo*tri*oph"a*gy  (#),  n.  [Gr.  allotriophagie.] (Med.) A depraved
   appetite; a desire for improper food.

                           Allotropic, Allotropical

   Al`lo*trop"ic  (#), Al`lo*trop"ic*al (#), a. [Cf. F. allotropique.] Of
   or  pertaining to allotropism. -- Al`lo*trop"ic*al*ly, adv. Allotropic
   state, the several conditions which occur in a case of allotropism.

                                 Allotropicity

   Al*lot`ro*pic"i*ty (#), n. Allotropic property or nature.

                            Allotropism, Allotropy

   Al*lot"ro*pism (#), Al*lot"ro*py (#), n. [Gr. allotropie.] (Chem.) The
   property  of  existing in two or more conditions which are distinct in
   their physical or chemical relations.

     NOTE: &hand; Th us, ca rbon oc curs crystallized in octahedrons and
     other  related  forms,  in  a  state  of  extreme  hardness, in the
     diamond;  it  occurs in hexagonal forms, and of little hardness, in
     black lead; and again occurs in a third form, with entire softness,
     in  lampblack  and  charcoal.  In  some  cases,  one  of  these  is
     peculiarly  an  active  state,  and  the other a passive one. Thus,
     ozone  is  an active state of oxygen, and is distinct from ordinary
     oxygen, which is the element in its passive state.

                                  Allotropize

   Al*lot"ro*pize  (#), v. t. To change in physical properties but not in
   substance. [R.]

                                  Allottable

   Al*lot"ta*ble (#), a. Capable of being allotted.

                                   Allottee

   Al*lot`tee"  (#),  n. One to whom anything is allotted; one to whom an
   allotment is made.

                                   Allotter

   Al*lot"ter (#), n. One who allots.

                                   Allottery

   Al*lot"ter*y (#), n. Allotment. [Obs.] Shak.

                                     Allow

   Al*low"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Allowed  (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Allowing.]  [OE. alouen, OF. alouer, aloer, aluer, F. allouer, fr. LL.
   allocare  to  admit as proved, to place, use; confused with OF. aloer,
   fr.  L. allaudare to extol; ad + laudare to praise. See Local, and cf.
   Allocate, Laud.]

   1. To praise; to approve of; hence, to sanction. [Obs. or Archaic]

     Ye allow the deeds of your fathers. Luke xi. 48.

     We  commend  his  pains, condemn his pride, allow his life, approve
     his learning. Fuller.

   2. To like; to be suited or pleased with. [Obs.]

     How allow you the model of these clothes? Massinger.

   3. To sanction; to invest; to intrust. [Obs.]

     Thou shalt be . . . allowed with absolute power. Shak.

   4.  To  grant, give, admit, accord, afford, or yield; to let one have;
   as,  to allow a servant his liberty; to allow a free passage; to allow
   one day for rest.

     He was allowed about three hundred pounds a year. Macaulay.

   5.  To own or acknowledge; to accept as true; to concede; to accede to
   an opinion; as, to allow a right; to allow a claim; to allow the truth
   of a proposition.

     I  allow,  with Mrs. Grundy and most moralists, that Miss Newcome's
     conduct . . . was highly reprehensible. Thackeray.

   6.  To  grant (something) as a deduction or an addition; esp. to abate
   or deduct; as, to allow a sum for leakage.

   7.  To  grant license to; to permit; to consent to; as, to allow a son
   to  be  absent.  Syn.  --  To  allot;  assign; bestow; concede; admit;
   permit; suffer; tolerate. See Permit.

                                     Allow

   Al*low", v. i. To admit; to concede; to make allowance or abatement.

     Allowing still for the different ways of making it. Addison.

   To allow of, to permit; to admit. Shak.

                                   Allowable

   Al*low"a*ble (#), a. [F. allouable.]

   1. Praiseworthy; laudable. [Obs.] Hacket.

   2.   Proper   to  be,  or  capable  of  being,  allowed;  permissible;
   admissible;  not  forbidden;  not  unlawful or improper; as, a certain
   degree of freedom is allowable among friends.

                                 Allowableness

   Al*low"a*ble*ness, n. The quality of being allowable; permissibleness;
   lawfulness; exemption from prohibition or impropriety. South.

                                   Allowably

   Al*low"a*bly, adv. In an allowable manner.

                                   Allowance

   Al*low"ance (#), n. [OF. alouance.]

   1. Approval; approbation. [Obs.] Crabbe.

   2.   The   act   of   allowing,  granting,  conceding,  or  admitting;
   authorization; permission; sanction; tolerance.

     Without the king's will or the state's allowance. Shak.

   3. Acknowledgment.

     The  censure  of  the  which one must in your allowance o'erweigh a
     whole theater of others. Shak.

   4. License; indulgence. [Obs.] Locke.

   5.  That  which  is allowed; a share or portion allotted or granted; a
   sum  granted  as  a reimbursement, a bounty, or as appropriate for any
   purpose;  a  stated  quantity,  as  of food or drink; hence, a limited
   quantity of meat and drink, when provisions fall short.

     I can give the boy a handsome allowance. Thackeray.

   6.  Abatement;  deduction;  the  taking  into  account  of  mitigating
   circumstances; as, to make allowance for the inexperience of youth.

     After making the largest allowance for fraud. Macaulay.

   7.  (com.)  A  customary  deduction  from  the  gross weight of goods,
   different in different countries, such as tare and tret.

                                   Allowance

   Al*low"ance, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Allowancing (#).] [See Allowance, n.]
   To  put  upon  a  fixed  allowance  (esp. of provisions and drink); to
   supply in a fixed and limited quantity; as, the captain was obliged to
   allowance his crew; our provisions were allowanced.

                                   Allowedly

   Al*low"ed*ly (#) adv. By allowance; admittedly. Shenstone.

                                    Allower

   Al*low"er (#), n.

   1. An approver or abettor. [Obs.]

   2. One who allows or permits.

                                    Alloxan

   Al*lox"an  (#),  n. [Allantoin + oxalic, as containing the elements of
   allantion and oxalic acid.] (Chem.) An oxidation product of uric acid.
   It is of a pale reddish color, readily soluble in water or alcohol.

                                  Alloxanate

   Al*lox"a*nate  (#),  n.  (Chem.) A combination of alloxanic acid and a
   base or base or positive radical.

                                   Alloxanic

   Al`lox*an"ic  (#),  a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to alloxan; -- applied
   to an acid obtained by the action of soluble alkalies on alloxan.

                                  Alloxantin

   Al`lox*an"tin (#), n. (Chem.) A substance produced by acting upon uric
   with warm and very dilute nitric acid.

                                     Alloy

   Al*loy",  n.  [OE. alai, OF. alei, F. aloyer, to alloy, alier to ally.
   See Alloy, v. t.]

   1.  Any combination or compound of metals fused together; a mixture of
   metals;  for example, brass, which is an alloy of copper and zinc. But
   when mercury is one of the metals, the compound is called an amalgam.

   2. The quality, or comparative purity, of gold or silver; fineness.

   3. A baser metal mixed with a finer.

     Fine silver is silver without the mixture of any baser metal. Alloy
     is baser metal mixed with it. Locke.

   4. Admixture of anything which lessens the value or detracts from; as,
   no  happiness is without alloy. "Pure English without Latin alloy." F.
   Harrison.

                                     Alloy

   Al*loy",  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Alloyed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Alloying.]
   [F.  aloyer,  OF.  alier,  allier,  later allayer, fr. L. aligare. See
   Alloy, n., Ally, v.t., and cf. Allay.]

   1.  To  reduce the purity of by mixing with a less valuable substance;
   as, to alloy gold with silver or copper, or silver with copper.

   2. To mix, as metals, so as to form a compound.

   3.  To  abate,  impair,  or  debase by mixture; to allay; as, to alloy
   pleasure with misfortunes.

                                     Alloy

   Al*loy", v. t. To form a metallic compound.

     Gold and iron alloy with ease. Ure.

                                   Alloyage

   Al*loy"age  (#),  n.  [F. aloyage.] The act or art of alloying metals;
   also, the combination or alloy.

                                 All-possessed

   All`-pos*sessed"  (#),  a.  Controlled  by  an  evil spirit or by evil
   passions; wild. [Colloq.]

                            All Saints, All Saints'

   All" Saints` (#), All" Saints' (#), The first day of November, called,
   also,  Allhallows  or  Hallowmas; a feast day kept in honor of all the
   saints; also, the season of this festival.

                                All Souls' Day

   All"  Souls'  Day` (#). The second day of November; a feast day of the
   Roman  Catholic  church, on which supplications are made for the souls
   of the faithful dead.

                                   Allspice

   All"spice`  (#), n. The berry of the pimento (Eugenia pimenta), a tree
   of  the  West Indies; a spice of a mildly pungent taste, and agreeably
   aromatic; Jamaica pepper; pimento. It has been supposed to combine the
   flavor  of cinnamon, nutmegs, and cloves; and hence the name. The name
   is  also  given  to  other  aromatic shrubs; as, the Carolina allspice
   (Calycanthus  floridus);  wild allspice (Lindera benzoin), called also
   spicebush, spicewood, and feverbush.

                                   Allthing

   All`thing`  (#), adv. [For in all (= every) thing.] Altogether. [Obs.]
   Shak.

                                    Allude

   Al*lude"  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Alluded; p. pr. & vb. n. Alluding.]
   [L.  alludere  to play with, to allude; ad + ludere to play.] To refer
   to  something  indirectly  or  by  suggestion;  to have reference to a
   subject not specifically and plainly mentioned; -- followed by to; as,
   the story alludes to a recent transaction.

     These  speeches  .  .  .  do  seem  to allude unto such ministerial
     garments as were then in use. Hooker.

   Syn.  --  To refer; point; indicate; hint; suggest; intimate; signify;
   insinuate; advert. See Refer.

                                    Allude

   Al*lude",  v.  t.  To  compare  allusively;  to  refer  (something) as
   applicable. [Obs.] Wither.

                                   Allumette

   Al`lu`mette  (#), n. [F., from allumer to light.] A match for lighting
   candles, lamps, etc.

                                   Alluminor

   Al*lu"mi*nor  (#),  n.  [OF.  alumineor,  fr.  L.  ad  + liminare. See
   Luminate.]  An  illuminator of manuscripts and books; a limner. [Obs.]
   Cowell.

                                   Allurance

   Al*lur"ance (#), n. Allurement. [R.]

                                    Allure

   Al*lure"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Alluded (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Alluring.]  [OF.  aleurrer,  alurer,  fr. a (L. ad) + leurre lure. See
   Lure.] To attempt to draw; to tempt by a lure or bait, that is, by the
   offer  of  some  good,  real  or  apparent;  to  invite  by  something
   flattering or acceptable; to entice; to attract.

     With promised joys allured them on. Falconer.

     The golden sun in splendor likest Heaven Allured his eye. Milton.

   Syn.  --  To  attract;  entice;  tempt;  decoy;  seduce. -- To Allure,
   Entice,  Decoy,  Seduce.  These words agree in the idea of acting upon
   the mind by some strong controlling influence, and differ according to
   the  image under which is presented. They are all used in a bad sense,
   except  allure, which has sometimes (though rarely) a good one. We are
   allured  by  the  prospect or offer (usually deceptive) of some future
   good. We are commonly enticed into evil by appeals to our passions. We
   are  decoyed  into  danger by false appearances or representations. We
   are  seduced when drawn aside from the path of rectitude. What allures
   draws  by  gentle  means;  what  entices  leads  us  by  promises  and
   persuasions;  what decoys betrays us, as it were, into a snare or net;
   what seduces deceives us by artful appeals to the passions.

                                    Allure

   Al*lure", n. Allurement. [R.] Hayward.

                                    Allure

   Al`lure" (#), n. [F.; aller to go.] Gait; bearing.

     The  swing,  the  gait, the pose, the allure of these men. Harper's
     Mag.

                                  Allurement

   Al*lure"ment (#), n.

   1. The act alluring; temptation; enticement.

     Though Adam by his wife's allurement fell. Milton.

   2.  That  which  allures;  any  real  or  apparent good held forth, or
   operating,  as a motive to action; as, the allurements of pleasure, or
   of honor.

                                    Allurer

   Al*lur"er (#), n. One who, or that which, allures.

                                   Alluring

   Al*lur"ing,  a.  That  allures;  attracting;  charming;  tempting.  --
   Al*lur"ing*ly, adv. -- Al*lur"ing*ness, n.

                                   Allusion

   Al*lu"sion  (#),  n.  [L.  allusio,  fr.  alludere  to  allude: cf. F.
   allusion.]

   1. A figurative or symbolical reference. [Obs.]

   2.  A  reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly
   mentioned; a covert indication; indirect reference; a hint.

                                   Allusive

   Al*lu"sive (#), a.

   1. Figurative; symbolical.

   2.  Having  reference  to something not fully expressed; containing an
   allusion.

                                  Allusively

   Al*lu"sive*ly,  adv.  Figuratively  [Obs.];  by  way  of  allusion; by
   implication, suggestion, or insinuation.

                                 Allusiveness

   Al*lu"sive*ness, n. The quality of being allusive.

                                   Allusory

   Al*lu"so*ry (#), a. Allusive. [R.] Warburton.

                                   Alluvial

   Al*lu"vi*al  (#),  a.  [Cf. F. alluvial. See Alluvion.] Pertaining to,
   contained  in, or composed of, alluvium; relating to the deposits made
   by flowing water; washed away from one place and deposited in another;
   as, alluvial soil, mud, accumulations, deposits.

                                   Alluvion

   Al*lu"vi*on  (#),  n.  [F.  alluvion,  L. alluvio, fr. alluere to wash
   against; ad + luere, equiv. to lavare, to wash. See Lave.]

   1. Wash or flow of water against the shore or bank.

   2. An overflowing; an inundation; a flood. Lyell.

   3.  Matter  deposited by an inundation or the action of flowing water;
   alluvium.

     The golden alluvions are there [in California and Australia] spread
     over  a  far  wider  space: they are found not only on the banks of
     rivers,  and  in  their beds, but are scattered over the surface of
     vast plains. R. Cobden.

   4. (Law) An accession of land gradually washed to the shore or bank by
   the flowing of water. See Accretion.

                                   Alluvious

   Al*lu"vi*ous  (#),  n.  [L.  alluvius.  See  Alluvion.] Alluvial. [R.]
   Johnson.

                                   Alluvium

   Al*lu"vi*um  (#),  n.; pl. E. Alluviums, L. Alluvia (#). [L., neut. of
   alluvius. See Alluvious.] (Geol.) Deposits of earth, sand, gravel, and
   other  transported  matter,  made  by rivers, floods, or other causes,
   upon  land  not  permanently  submerged beneath the waters of lakes or
   seas. Lyell.

                                   Allwhere

   All"where` (#), adv. Everywhere. [Archaic]

                                    Allwork

   All"work`  (#),  n. Domestic or other work of all kinds; as, a maid of
   allwork, that is, a general servant.

                                     Ally

   Al*ly"  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Allied (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Allying.]
   [OE.  alien,  OF.  alier,  F.  alier, fr. L. alligare to bind to; ad +
   ligare to bind. Cf. Alligate, Alloy, Allay, Ligament.]

   1.  To  unite,  or  form  a connection between, as between families by
   marriage,  or  between  princes  and  states  by  treaty,  league,  or
   confederacy; -- often followed by to or with.

     O chief! in blood, and now in arms allied. Pope.

   2.  To  connect or form a relation between by similitude, resemblance,
   friendship, or love.

     These  three  did  love  each  other  dearly well, And with so firm
     affection were allied. Spenser.

     The virtue nearest to our vice allied. Pope.

     NOTE: &hand; Al ly is  ge nerally us ed in  th e pa ssive fo rm or 
     reflexively.

                                     Ally

   Al*ly" (#), n.; pl. Allies (#). [See Ally, v.]

   1. A relative; a kinsman. [Obs.] Shak.

   2.  One  united  to another by treaty or league; -- usually applied to
   sovereigns or states; a confederate.

     The English soldiers and their French allies. Macaulay.

   3. Anything associated with another as a helper; an auxiliary.

     Science,  instead of being the enemy of religion, becomes its ally.
     Buckle.

   4. Anything akin to another by structure, etc.

                                     Ally

   Al"ly (#), n. See Alley, a marble or taw.

                                     Allyl

   Al"lyl  (#),  n. [L. allium garlic + -yl.] (Chem.) An organic radical,
   C3H5, existing especially in oils of garlic and mustard.

                                   Allylene

   Al"ly*lene  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  A gaseous hydrocarbon, C3H4, homologous
   with acetylene; propine. <-- =propyne, CH3.C.CH -->

                                  Alma, Almah

   Al"ma, Al"mah (#), n. Same as Alme.

                                  Almacantar

   Al`ma*can"tar (#), n. (Astron.) (a) Same as Almucantar. (b) A recently
   invented  instrument for observing the heavenly bodies as they cross a
   given almacantar circle. See Almucantar.

                               Almadia, Almadie

   Al`ma*di"a (#), Al"ma*die (#), n. [F. almadie (cf. Sp. & Pg. almadia),
   fr. Ar. alma'd\'c6yah a raft, float.] (Naut.) (a) A bark canoe used by
   the  Africans. (b) A boat used at Calicut, in India, about eighty feet
   long, and six or seven broad.

                                   Almagest

   Al"ma*gest  (#),  n.  [F. almageste, LL. almageste, Ar. al-majist\'c6,
   fr.  Gr.  The celebrated work of Ptolemy of Alexandria, which contains
   nearly all that is known of the astronomical observations and theories
   of the ancients. The name was extended to other similar works.

                                    Almagra

   Al*ma"gra  (#),  n. [Sp. almagra, almagre, fr. Ar. al-maghrah red clay
   or  earth.] A fine, deep red ocher, somewhat purplish, found in Spain.
   It is the sil atticum of the ancients. Under the name of Indian red it
   is used for polishing glass and silver.

                            Almain, Almayne, Alman

   Al"main  (#),  Al"mayne  (#), Al"man (#), n. [OF. Aleman, F. Allemand,
   fr. L. Alemanni, ancient Ger. tribes.] [Obs.]

   1. A German. Also adj., German. Shak.

   2. The German language. J. Foxe.

   3. A kind of dance. See Allemande.
   Almain  rivets, Almayne rivets, or Alman rivets, a sort of light armor
   from  Germany,  characterized by overlapping plates, arranged to slide
   on rivets, and thus afford great flexibility.

                                  Alma Mater

   Al"ma  Ma"ter (#). [L., fostering mother.] A college or seminary where
   one is educated.

                                    Almanac

   Al"ma*nac  (?;  277),  n. [LL. almanac, almanach: cf. F. almanach, Sp.
   almanaque,  It.  almanacco, all of uncertain origin.] A book or table,
   containing  a calendar of days, and months, to which astronomical data
   and  various  statistics  are  often  added,  such as the times of the
   rising  and setting of the sun and moon, eclipses, hours of full tide,
   stated  festivals of churches, terms of courts, etc. Nautical almanac,
   an almanac, or year book, containing astronomical calculations (lunar,
   stellar,  etc.),  and  other information useful to mariners. <-- P. 43
   -->

                                   Almandine

   Al"man*dine  (#),  n.  [LL. almandina, alamandina, for L. alabandina a
   precious  stone,  named  after Alabanda, a town in Caria, where it was
   first  and  chiefly  found:  cf.  F. almandine.] (Min.) The common red
   variety of garnet.

                                  Alme, Almeh

   Al"me,  Al"meh (#), n. [Ar. 'almah (fem.) learned, fr. 'alama to know:
   cf. F. alm\'82e.] An Egyptian dancing girl; an Alma.

     The Almehs lift their arms in dance. Bayard Taylor.

                                   Almendron

   Al`men*dron"  (#), n. [Sp., fr. almendra almond.] The lofty Brazil-nut
   tree.

                                    Almery

   Al"mer*y (#), n. See Ambry. [Obs.]

                                    Almesse

   Alm"esse (#), n. See Alms. [Obs.]

                            Almightful, Almightiful

   Al*might"ful  (#),  Al*might"i*ful  (#),  a.  All-powerful;  almighty.
   [Obs.] Udall.

                                  Almightily

   Al*might"i*ly, adv. With almighty power.

                                 Almightiness

   Al*might"i*ness,   n.   Omnipotence;   infinite  or  boundless  power;
   unlimited might. Jer. Taylor.

                                   Almighty

   Al*might"y  (#),  a.  [AS.  ealmihtig, \'91lmihtig; eal (OE. al) ail +
   mihtig mighty.]

   1. Unlimited in might; omnipotent; all-powerful; irresistible.

     I am the Almighty God. Gen. xvii. 1.

   2. Great; extreme; terrible. [Slang]

     Poor  Aroar  can  not live, and can not die, -- so that he is in an
     almighty fix. De Quincey.

   The Almighty, the omnipotent God. Rev. i. 8.

                                    Almner

   Alm"ner (#), n. An almoner. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Almond

   Alm"ond  (#),  n.  [OE.  almande,  almaunde,  alemaunde, F. amande, L.
   amygdala, fr. Gr. almendra. Cf. Amygdalate.]

   1. The fruit of the almond tree.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e di fferent kinds, as bitter, sweet, thin-shelled,
     thick-shelled  almonds,  and  Jordan  almonds,  are the products of
     different  varieties  of  the  one  species,  Amygdalus communis, a
     native of the Mediterranean region and western Asia.

   2. The tree bears the fruit; almond tree.

   3.  Anything  shaped  like an almond. Specifically: (Anat.) One of the
   tonsils.
   Almond  oil,  fixed oil expressed from sweet or bitter almonds. -- Oil
   of  bitter  almonds,  a  poisonous  volatile  oil obtained from bitter
   almonds by maceration and distillation; benzoic aldehyde. -- Imitation
   oil  of  bitter almonds, nitrobenzene. -- Almond tree (Bot.), the tree
   bearing the almond. -- Almond willow (Bot.), a willow which has leaves
   that  are  of a light green on both sides; almond-leaved willow (Salix
   amygdalina). Shenstone.

                                Almond furnace

   Al"mond  fur`nace  (#).  [Prob. a corruption of Almain furnace, i. e.,
   German  furnace.  See  Almain.] A kind of furnace used in refining, to
   separate the metal from cinders and other foreign matter. Chambers.

                                   Almondine

   Al"mon*dine (#), n. See Almandine

                                    Almoner

   Al"mon*er (#), n. [OE. aumener, aulmener, OF. almosnier, aumosnier, F.
   aum\'93nier,  fr. OF. almosne, alms, L. eleemosyna. See Alms.] One who
   distributes  alms,  esp.  the  doles  and  alms  of  religious houses,
   almshouses,  etc.;  also,  one  who dispenses alms for another, as the
   almoner of a prince, bishop, etc.

                                  Almonership

   Al"mon*er*ship, n. The office of an almoner.

                                    Almonry

   Al"mon*ry   (#),   n.;   pl.   Almonries   (#).  [OF.  aumosnerie,  F.
   aum\'93nerie,  fr.  OF.  aumosnier.  See  Almoner.] The place where an
   almoner resides, or where alms are distributed.

                                    Almose

   Al"mose (#), n. Alms. [Obs.] Cheke.

                                    Almost

   Al"most  (#),  adv.  [AS.  ealm\'91st,  \'91lm\'91st,  quite the most,
   almost  all;  eal  (OE. al) all + m most.] Nearly; well nigh; all but;
   for the greatest part.

     Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian. Acts xxvi. 28.

   Almost never, scarcely ever. -- Almost nothing, scarcely anything.

                                     Almry

   Alm"ry (#), n. See Almonry. [Obs.]

                                     Alms

   Alms  (#),  n. sing. & pl. [OE. almes, almesse, AS. \'91lmysse, fr. L.
   eleemosyna, Gr. Almonry, Eleemosynary.] Anything given gratuitously to
   relieve the poor, as money, food, or clothing; a gift of charity.

     A devout man . . . which gave much alms to the people. Acts x. 2.

     Alms are but the vehicles of prayer. Dryden.

   Tenure by free alms. See Frankalmoign. Blackstone.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is word alms is singular in its form (almesse), and
     is sometimes so used; as, "asked an alms." Acts iii. 3."Received an
     alms."  Shak.  It  is now, however, commonly a collective or plural
     noun.  It  is  much  used in composition, as almsgiver, almsgiving,
     alms bag, alms chest, etc.

                                   Almsdeed

   Alms"deed` (#), n. An act of charity. Acts ix. 36.

                                   Almsfolk

   Alms"folk`  (#),  n.  Persons  supported  by  alms; almsmen. [Archaic]
   Holinshed.

                                   Almsgiver

   Alms"giv`er (#), n. A giver of alms.

                                  Almsgiving

   Alms"giv`ing (#), n. The giving of alms.

                                   Almshouse

   Alms"house`  (#),  n.  A house appropriated for the use of the poor; a
   poorhouse.

                                    Almsman

   Alms"man (#), n.; fem. Almswoman.

   1. A recipient of alms. Shak.

   2. A giver of alms. [R.] Halliwell.

                                  Almucantar

   Al`mu*can"tar  (#),  n. [F. almucantarat, almicantarat, ultimately fr.
   Ar.  al-muqantar\'bet,  pl.,  fr.  qantara to bend, arch.] (Astron.) A
   small  circle  of  the  sphere  parallel  to  the horizon; a circle or
   parallel  of  altitude.  Two stars which have the same almucantar have
   the  same  altitude.  See  Almacantar.  [Archaic] Almucanter staff, an
   ancient instrument, having an arc of fifteen degrees, formerly used at
   sea  to  take  observations  of the sun's amplitude at the time of its
   rising or setting, to find the variation of the compass.

                                    Almuce

   Al"muce (#), n. Same as Amice, a hood or cape.

                                    Almude

   Al*mude"  (#), n. [Pg. almude, or Sp. almud, a measure of grain or dry
   fruit,  fr.  Ar.  al-mudd  a  dry  measure.]  A measure for liquids in
   several countries. In Portugal the Lisbon almude is about 4.4, and the
   Oporto  almude about 6.6, gallons U. S. measure. In Turkey the "almud"
   is about 1.4 gallons.

                                 Almug, Algum

   Al"mug  (#),  Al"gum  (#),  n.  [Heb., perh. borrowed fr. Skr. valguka
   sandalwood.]  (Script.) A tree or wood of the Bible (2 Chron. ii. 8; 1
   K. x. 11).

     NOTE: &hand; Mo st wr iters at  the present day follow Celsius, who
     takes  it  to  be  the  red  sandalwood  of  China  and  the Indian
     Archipelago.

   W. Smith.

                                    Alnage

   Al"nage (#), n., [OF. alnage, aulnage, F. aunage, fr. OF. alne ell, of
   Ger.  origin:  cf. OHG. elina, Goth. aleina, cubit. See Ell.] (O. Eng.
   Law)  Measurement  (of  cloth)  by  the  ell;  also,  a  duty for such
   measurement.

                                    Alnager

   Al"na*ger (#), n. [See Alnage.] A measure by the ell; formerly a sworn
   officer  in  England,  whose  duty  was  to inspect act measure woolen
   cloth, and fix upon it a seal.

                                     Aloe

   Al"oe (#), n.; pl. Aloes (#). [L. alo\'89, Gr. aloe, F. alo\'8as.]

   1. pl. The wood of the agalloch. [Obs.] Wyclif.

   2.  (Bot.)  A genus of succulent plants, some classed as trees, others
   as  shrubs,  but the greater number having the habit and appearance of
   evergreen  herbaceous plants; from some of which are prepared articles
   for medicine and the arts. They are natives of warm countries.

   3.  pl.  (Med.) The inspissated juice of several species of aloe, used
   as a purgative. [Plural in form but syntactically singular.]
   American aloe, Century aloe, the agave. See Agave.

                                  Aloes wood

   Al"oes wood` (#). See Agalloch.

                                    Aloetic

   Al`o*et"ic (#), a. [Cf. F. alo\'82tique.] Consisting chiefly of aloes;
   of the nature of aloes.

                                    Aloetic

   Al`o*et"ic, n. A medicine containing chiefly aloes.

                                     Aloft

   A*loft" (?; 115), adv. [Pref. a- + loft, which properly meant air. See
   Loft.]

   1.  On  high; in the air; high above the ground. "He steers his flight
   aloft." Milton.

   2.  (Naut.)  In  the  top; at the mast head, or on the higher yards or
   rigging; overhead; hence (Fig. and Colloq.), in or to heaven.

                                     Aloft

   A*loft", prep. Above; on top of. [Obs.]

     Fresh waters run aloft the sea. Holland.

                                    Alogian

   A*lo"gi*an  (#),  n.  [LL. Alogiani, Alogii, fr. Gr. (Eccl.) One of an
   ancient  sect who rejected St. John's Gospel and the Apocalypse, which
   speak of Christ as the Logos. Shipley.

                                     Alogy

   Al"o*gy (#), n. [L. alogia, Gr. Unreasonableness; absurdity. [Obs.]

                                     Aloin

   Al"o*in (#), n. (Chem.) A bitter purgative principle in aloes.

                                   Alomancy

   Al"o*man`cy  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -mancy:  cf.  F.  alomancie, halomancie.]
   Divination by means of salt. [Spelt also halomancy.] Morin.

                                     Alone

   A*lone"  (#),  a.  [All  +  one. OE. al one all allone, AS. \'ben one,
   alone. See All, One, Lone.]

   1.  Quite  by one's self; apart from, or exclusive of, others; single;
   solitary; -- applied to a person or thing.

     Alone on a wide, wide sea. Coleridge.

     It is not good that the man should be alone. Gen. ii. 18.

   2.  Of  or by itself; by themselves; without any thing more or any one
   else; without a sharer; only.

     Man shall not live by bread alone. Luke iv. 4.

     The citizens alone should be at the expense. Franklin.

   3. Sole; only; exclusive. [R.]

     God,  by  whose alone power and conversation we all live, and move,
     and have our being. Bentley.

   4. Hence; Unique; rare; matchless. Shak.

     NOTE: &hand; The adjective alone commonly follows its noun.

   To  let or leave alone, to abstain from interfering with or molesting;
   to suffer to remain in its present state.
   
                                     Alone
                                       
   A*lone", adv. Solely; simply; exclusively. 

                                    Alonely

   A*lone"ly, adv. Only; merely; singly. [Obs.]

     This  said  spirit was not given alonely unto him, but unto all his
     heirs and posterity. Latimer.

                                    Alonely

   A*lone"ly, a. Exclusive. [Obs.] Fabyan.

                                   Aloneness

   A*lone"ness,   n.   A  state  of  being  alone,  or  without  company;
   solitariness. [R.] Bp. Montagu.

                                     Along

   A*long"  (?;  115), adv. [OE. along, anlong, AS. andlang, along; pref.
   and- (akin to OFris. ond-, OHG. ant-, Ger. ent-, Goth. and-, anda-, L.
   ante, Gr. anti, over against) + lang long. See Long.]

   1. By the length; in a line with the length; lengthwise.

     Some laid along . . . on spokes of wheels are hung. Dryden.

   2. In a line, or with a progressive motion; onward; forward.

     We will go along by the king's highway. Numb. xxi. 22.

     He  struck  with  his  o'ertaking wings, And chased us south along.
     Coleridge.

   3. In company; together.

     He to England shall along with you. Shak.

   All   along,  all  trough  the  course  of;  during  the  whole  time;
   throughout.  "I  have  all along declared this to be a neutral paper."
   Addison. -- To get along, to get on; to make progress, as in business.
   "She 'll get along in heaven better than you or I." Mrs. Stowe.
   
                                     Along
                                       
   A*long",  prep. By the length of, as distinguished from across. "Along
   the lowly lands." Dryden. 

     The kine . . . went along the highway. 1 Sam. vi. 12.

                                     Along

   A*long".  [AS.  gelang  owing to.] (Now heard only in the prep. phrase
   along of.) Along of, Along on, often shortened to Long of, prep. phr.,
   owing  to; on account of. [Obs. or Low. Eng.] "On me is not along thin
   evil  fare."  Chaucer.  "And  all  this  is  long of you." Shak. "This
   increase of price is all along of the foreigners." London Punch.
   
                                  Alongshore
                                       
   A*long"shore` (#), adv. Along the shore or coast.
   
                                 Alongshoreman
                                       
   A*long"shore`man (#), n. See Longshoreman.
   
                                   Alongside
                                       
   A*long"side`  (#),  adv.  Along  or by the side; side by side with; --
   often  with  of;  as,  bring  the  boat  alongside;  alongside of him;
   alongside of the tree.
   
                                    Alongst
                                       
   A*longst"  (?;  115), prep. & adv. [Formed fr. along, like amongst fr.
   among.] Along. [Obs.]
   
                                     Aloof
                                       
   A*loof" (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Alewife.
   
                                     Aloof
                                       
   A*loof", adv. [Pref. a- + loof, fr. D. loef luff, and so meaning, as a
   nautical word, to the windward. See Loof, Luff.]
   
   1.  At  or  from  a distance, but within view, or at a small distance;
   apart; away.
   
     Our palace stood aloof from streets. Dryden.

   2. Without sympathy; unfavorably.

     To  make  the Bible as from the hand of God, and then to look at it
     aloof and with caution, is the worst of all impieties. I. Taylor.

                                     Aloof

   A*loof" (#), prep. Away from; clear from. [Obs.]

     Rivetus  .  .  .  would  fain  work  himself  aloof these rocks and
     quicksands. Milton.

                                   Aloofness

   A*loof"ness, n. State of being aloof. Rogers (1642).

     The . . . aloofness of his dim forest life. Thoreau.

                               Alopecia, Alopecy

   Al`o*pe"ci*a  (#), A*lop"e*cy (#), n. [L. alopecia, Gr. (med.) Loss of
   the hair; baldness.

                                   Alopecist

   A*lop"e*cist  (#),  n.  A  practitioner  who  tries to prevent or cure
   baldness.

                                     Alose

   A*lose" (#), v. t. [OE. aloser.] To praise. [Obs.]

                                     Alose

   A"lose  (#),  n. [F., fr. L. alosa or alausa.] (Zo\'94l.) The European
   shad  (Clupea  alosa);  --  called also allice shad or allis shad. The
   name  is  sometimes applied to the American shad (Clupea sapidissima).
   See Shad.

                                   Alouatte

   Al`ou*atte"  (#),  n.  [Of  uncertain  origin.]  (Zo\'94l.) One of the
   several species of howling monkeys of South America. See Howler, 2.

                                     Aloud

   A*loud"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a-  +  loud.] With a loud voice, or great
   noise; loudly; audibly.

     Cry aloud, spare not, lift up thy voice. Isa. lviii. 1.

                                     Alow

   A*low" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + low.] Below; in a lower part. "Aloft, and
   then alow." Dryden.

                                      Alp

   Alp (#), n. [L. Alpes the Alps, said to be of Celtic origin; cf. Gael.
   alp a high mountain, Ir. ailp any huge mass or lump: cf. F. Alpes.]

   1.  A  very  high  mountain.  Specifically, in the plural, the highest
   chain  of  mountains  in  Europe,  containing  the  lofty mountains of
   Switzerland, etc.

     Nor breath of vernal air from snowy alp. Milton.

     Hills peep o'er hills, and alps on alps arise. Pope.

   2. Fig.: Something lofty, or massive, or very hard to be surmounted.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e plural form Alps is sometimes used as a singular.
     "The Alps doth spit."

   Shak.

                                      Alp

   Alp, n. A bullfinch. Rom. of R.

                                    Alpaca

   Al*pac"a  (#),  n.  [Sp. alpaca, fr. the original Peruvian name of the
   animal. Cf. Paco.]

   1.  (Zo\'94l.) An animal of Peru (Lama paco), having long, fine, wooly
   hair, supposed by some to be a domesticated variety of the llama.

   2. Wool of the alpaca.

   3.  A  thin  kind of cloth made of the wooly hair of the alpaca, often
   mixed with silk or with cotton.

                                     Alpen

   Al"pen (#), a. Of or pertaining to the Alps. [R.] "The Alpen snow." J.
   Fletcher.

                                  Alpenstock

   Al"pen*stock`  (#), n. [G.; Alp, gen. pl. Alpen + stock stick.] A long
   staff, pointed with iron, used in climbing the Alps. Cheever.

                                  Alpestrine

   Al*pes"trine  (#), a. [L. Alpestris.] Pertaining to the Alps, or other
   high mountains; as, Alpestrine diseases, etc.

                                     Alpha

   Al"pha  (#), n. [L. alpha, Gr. 'a`lfa, from Heb. \'beleph, name of the
   first  letter  in  the alphabet, also meaning ox.] The first letter in
   the  Greek  alphabet,  answering  to  A,  and hence used to denote the
   beginning.

     In am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the
     last. Rev. xxii. 13.

     NOTE: Formerly us ed also denote the chief; as, Plato was the alpha
     of the wits.

     NOTE: &hand; In   ca taloguing st ars, th e br ightest st ar of  a 
     constellation in designated by Alpha (a); as, a Lyr\'91.

                                   Alphabet

   Al"pha*bet  (#),  n. [L. alphabetum, fr. Gr. \'beleph and beth: cf. F.
   alphabet.]

   1.  The  letters  of  a  language arranged in the customary order; the
   series  of  letters  or  signs  which  form  the  elements  of written
   language.

   2. The simplest rudiments; elements.

     The very alphabet of our law. Macaulay.

   Deaf and dumb alphabet. See Dactylology.

                                   Alphabet

   Al"pha*bet,  v.  t.  To  designate  by the letters of the alphabet; to
   arrange alphabetically. [R.]

                                 Alphabetarian

   Al`pha*bet*a"ri*an  (#), n. A learner of the alphabet; an abecedarian.
   Abp. Sancroft.

                           Alphabetic, Alphabetical

   Al`pha*bet"ic (#), Al`pha*bet"ic*al (#), a. [Cf. F. alphab\'82tique.]

   1.  Pertaining  to,  furnished with, expressed by, or in the order of,
   the  letters  of  the  alphabet;  as,  alphabetic characters, writing,
   languages, arrangement.

   2. Literal. [Obs.] "Alphabetical servility." Milton.

                                Alphabetically

   Al`pha*bet"ic*al*ly,  adv.  In  an alphabetic manner; in the customary
   order of the letters.

                                  Alphabetics

   Al`pha*bet"ics  (#),  n.  The science of representing spoken sounds by
   letters.

                                  Alphabetism

   Al"pha*bet*ism (#), n. The expression of spoken sounds by an alphabet.
   Encyc. Brit.

                                  Alphabetize

   Al"pha*bet*ize (#), v. t.

   1. To arrange alphabetically; as, to alphabetize a list of words.

   2. To furnish with an alphabet.

                                 Al-phitomancy

   Al-phit"o*man`cy (#), n. [Gr. mancy: cf. F. alphitomancie.] Divination
   by means of barley meal. Knowles.
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                                  Alphonsine

   Al*phon"sine  (#), a. Of or relating to Alphonso X., the Wise, King of
   Castile  (1252-1284).  Alphonsine tables, astronomical tables prepared
   under the patronage of Alphonso the Wise. Whewell.

                                   Alpigene

   Al"pi*gene (#), a. [L. Alpes Alps + -gen.] Growing in Alpine regions.

                                    Alpine

   Al"pine (#), a. [L. Alpinus, fr. Alpes the Alps: cf. F. Alpin.]

   1.  Of or pertaining to the Alps, or to any lofty mountain; as, Alpine
   snows; Alpine plants.

   2. Like the Alps; lofty. "Gazing up an Alpine height." Tennyson.

                                   Alpinist

   Al"pin*ist (#), n. A climber of the Alps.

                                 Alpist, Alpia

   Al"pist  (#), Al"pi*a (#), n. [F.: cf. Sp. & Pg. alpiste.] The seed of
   canary grass (Phalaris Canariensis), used for feeding cage birds.

                                   Alquifou

   Al"qui*fou   (#),   n.   [Equiv.   to  arquifoux,  F.  alquifoux,  Sp.
   alquif\'a2l, fr. the same Arabic word as alcohol. See Alcohol.] A lead
   ore  found  in  Cornwall, England, and used by potters to give a green
   glaze to their wares; potter's ore.

                                    Already

   Al*read"y  (#),  adv.  [All (OE. al) + ready.] Prior to some specified
   time,  either  past,  present,  or  future;  by this time; previously.
   "Joseph was in Egypt already." Exod. i. 5.

     I say unto you, that Elias is come already. Matt. xvii. 12.

     NOTE: &hand; It  ha s reference to past time, but may be used for a
     future  past;  as,  when  you  shall  arrive,  the business will be
     already completed, or will have been already completed.

                                      Als

   Als (#), adv.

   1. Also. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. As. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Alsatian

   Al*sa"tian (#), a. Pertaining to Alsatia.

                                   Alsatian

   Al*sa"tian,  n.  An  inhabitant of Alsatia or Alsace in Germany, or of
   Alsatia or White Friars (a resort of debtors and criminals) in London.

                                   Al segno

   Al`  se"gno (#). [It., to the mark or sign.](Mus.) A direction for the
   performer to return and recommence from the sign

                                    Alsike

   Al"sike  (#),  n.  [From  Alsike, in Sweden.] A species of clover with
   pinkish or white flowers; Trifolium hybridum.

                                     Also

   Al"so  (#),  adv.  &  conj. [All + so. OE. al so, AS. ealsw\'be, alsw,
   \'91lsw\'91; eal, al, \'91l, all + sw\'be so. See All, So, As.]

   1. In like manner; likewise. [Obs.]

   2. In addition; besides; as well; further; too.

     Lay  up  for  yourselves  treasures  in heaven . . . for where your
     treasure is, there will your heart be also. Matt. vi. 20.

   3. Even as; as; so. [Obs.] Chaucer. Syn. -- Also, Likewise, Too. These
   words  are  used  by  way  of  transition,  in leaving one thought and
   passing  to  another.  Also  is  the widest term. It denotes that what
   follows  is  all  so,  or entirely like that which preceded, or may be
   affirmed  with  the  same  truth;  as, "If you were there, I was there
   also;"  "If  our  situation  has  some  discomforts,  it has also many
   sources  of  enjoyment."  Too  is  simply less formal and pointed than
   also;  it  marks the transition with a lighter touch; as, "I was there
   too;" "a courtier yet a patriot too." Pope. Likewise denotes literally
   "in  like  manner,"  and  hence  has  been  thought by some to be more
   specific  than  also.  "It implies," says Whately, "some connection or
   agreement  between the words it unites. We may say, \'bf He is a poet,
   and likewise a musician; ' but we should not say, \'bf He is a prince,
   and  likewise  a  musician,'  because  there  is no natural connection
   between   these   qualities."  This  distinction,  however,  is  often
   disregarded.

                                      Alt

   Alt  (#), a. & n. [See Alto.] (Mus.) The higher part of the scale. See
   Alto. To be in alt, to be in an exalted state of mind.

                                Altaian, Altaic

   Al*ta"ian (#), Al*ta"ic (#), a. [Cf. F. alta\'8bque.] Of or pertaining
   to the Altai, a mountain chain in Central Asia.

                                     Altar

   Al"tar  (#), n. [OE. alter, auter, autier, fr. L. altare, pl. altaria,
   altar,  prob.  fr.  altus  high:  cf. OF. alter, autier, F. autel. Cf.
   Altitude.]

   1.  A  raised  structure  (as  a square or oblong erection of stone or
   wood) on which sacrifices are offered or incense burned to a deity.

     Noah builded an altar unto the Lord. Gen. viii. 20.

   2.  In  the  Christian church, a construction of stone, wood, or other
   material  for  the  celebration  of  the Holy Eucharist; the communion
   table.

     NOTE: &hand; Al tar is  much used adjectively, or as the first part
     of a compound; as, altar bread or altar-bread.

   Altar  cloth  or  Altar-cloth,  the  cover for an altar in a Christian
   church,  usually  richly embroidered. -- Altar cushion, a cushion laid
   upon  the  altar in a Christian church to support the service book. --
   Altar frontal. See Frontal. -- Altar rail, the railing in front of the
   altar  or  communion table. -- Altar screen, a wall or partition built
   behind  an  altar  to  protect  it from approach in the rear. -- Altar
   tomb, a tomb resembling an altar in shape, etc. -- Family altar, place
   of  family  devotions. -- To lead (as a bride) to the altar, to marry;
   -- said of a woman.

                                   Altarage

   Al"tar*age (#), n. [Cf. OF. auterage, autelage.]

   1. The offerings made upon the altar, or to a church.

   2.  The  profit  which  accrues to the priest, by reason of the altar,
   from the small tithes. Shipley.

                                   Altarist

   Al"tar*ist  (#), n. [Cf. LL. altarista, F. altariste.] (Old Law) (a) A
   chaplain. (b) A vicar of a church.

                                  Altarpiece

   Al"tar*piece`  (#),  n.  The  painting or piece of sculpture above and
   behind the altar; reredos.

                                   Altarwise

   Al"tar*wise` (#), adv. In the proper position of an altar, that is, at
   the  east  of  a  church  with  its  ends towards the north and south.
   Shipley.

                                  Altazimuth

   Alt*az"i*muth (#), n. [Alltude + azimuth.] (Astron.) An instrument for
   taking azimuths and altitudes simultaneously.

                                     Alter

   Al"ter  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Altered  (#);  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Altering.]  [F.  alt\'82rer,  LL.  alterare, fr. L. alter other, alius
   other. Cf. Else, Other.]

   1.  To  make otherwise; to change in some respect, either partially or
   wholly;  to  vary;  to modify. "To alter the king's course." "To alter
   the  condition  of  a  man."  "No power in Venice can alter a decree."
   Shak.

     It gilds all objects, but it alters none. Pope.

     My  covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing that is gone out
     of my lips. Ps. lxxxix. 34.

   2. To agitate; to affect mentally. [Obs.] Milton.

   3. To geld. [Colloq.] Syn. -- Change, Alter. Change is generic and the
   stronger  term. It may express a loss of identity, or the substitution
   of  one  thing in place of another; alter commonly expresses a partial
   change, or a change in form or details without destroying identity.

                                     Alter

   Al"ter,  v.  i.  To  become,  in some respects, different; to vary; to
   change;  as,  the weather alters almost daily; rocks or minerals alter
   by  exposure. "The law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth not."
   Dan. vi. 8.

                                 Alterability

   Al`ter*a*bil"i*ty  (#), n. [Cf. F. alt\'82rabilit\'82.] The quality of
   being alterable; alterableness.

                                   Alterable

   Al"ter*a*ble (#), a. [Cf. F. alt\'82rable.] Capable of being altered.

     Our  condition in this world is mutable and uncertain, alterable by
     a thousand accidents. Rogers.

                                 Alterableness

   Al"ter*a*ble*ness,  n.  The  quality of being alterable; variableness;
   alterability.

                                   Alterably

   Al"ter*a*bly, adv. In an alterable manner.

                                   Alterant

   Al"ter*ant  (#),  a.  [LL.  alterans,  p.  pr.:  cf.  F. alt\'82rant.]
   Altering; gradually changing. Bacon.

                                   Alterant

   Al"ter*ant, n. An alterative. [R.] Chambers.

                                  Alteration

   Al`ter*a"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. alt\'82ration.]

   1. The act of altering or making different.

     Alteration,  though  it  be  from  worse  to  better,  hath  in  it
     incoveniences. Hooker.

   2.  The state of being altered; a change made in the form or nature of
   a thing; changed condition.

     Ere long might perceive Strange alteration in me. Milton.

     Appius  Claudius  admitted  to the senate the sons of those who had
     been  slaves;  by  which,  and succeeding alterations, that council
     degenerated into a most corrupt. Swift.

                                  Alterative

   Al"ter*a*tive  (#),  a. [L. alterativus: cf. F. alt\'82ratif.] Causing
   ateration.  Specifically:  Gradually changing, or tending to change, a
   morbid state of the functions into one of health. Burton.

                                  Alterative

   Al"ter*a*tive,  n.  A  medicine or treatment which gradually induces a
   change, and restores healthy functions without sensible evacuations.

                                   Altercate

   Al"ter*cate  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p. p. Altercated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Altercating.] [L. altercatus, p. p. of altercare, altercari, fr. alter
   another. See Alter.] The contend in words; to dispute with zeal, heat,
   or anger; to wrangle.

                                  Altercation

   Al`ter*ca"tion  (?; 277), n. [F. altercation, fr. L. altercatio.] Warm
   contention   in   words;  dispute  carried  on  with  heat  or  anger;
   controversy;  wrangle; wordy contest. "Stormy altercations." Macaulay.
   Syn.  --  Altercation,  Dispute,  Wrangle. The term dispute is in most
   cases, but not necessarily, applied to a verbal contest; as, a dispute
   on  the  lawfulness of war. An altercation is an angry dispute between
   two parties, involving an interchange of severe language. A wrangle is
   a confused and noisy altercation.

     Their  whole  life  was  little else than a perpetual wrangling and
     altercation. Hakewill.

                                  Altercative

   Al"ter*ca*tive  (#),  a.  Characterized  by  wrangling; scolding. [R.]
   Fielding.

                                   Alterity

   Al*ter"i*ty (#), n. [F. alt\'82rit\'82.] The state or quality of being
   other; a being otherwise. [R.]

     For  outness  is  but  the feeling of otherness (alterity) rendered
     intuitive, or alterity visually represented. Coleridge.

                                    Altern

   Al"tern  (#),  a.  [L.  alternus,  fr. alter another: cf. F. alterne.]
   Acting by turns; alternate. Milton. Altern base (Trig.), a second side
   made base, in distinction from a side previously regarded as base.

                                   Alternacy

   Al*ter"na*cy (#), n. Alternateness; alternation. [R.] Mitford.

                                   Alternant

   Al*ter"nant  (#),  a.  [L.  alternans,  p.  pr.: cf. F. alternant. See
   Alternate, v. t.] (Geol.) Composed of alternate layers, as some rocks.

                                   Alternate

   Al*ter"nate  (?;  277),  a.  [L.  alternatus,  p. p. of alternate, fr.
   alternus. See Altern, Alter.]

   1. Being or succeeding by turns; one following the other in succession
   of  time  or  place;  by  turns  first  one and then the other; hence,
   reciprocal.

     And bid alternate passions fall and rise. Pope.

   2.  Designating  the  members  in  a series, which regularly intervene
   between  the  members of another series, as the odd or even numbers of
   the  numerals; every other; every second; as, the alternate members 1,
   3, 5, 7, etc. ; read every alternate line.

   3.  (Bot.)  Distributed, as leaves, singly at different heights of the
   stem, and at equal intervals as respects angular divergence. Gray.
   Alternate alligation. See Alligation. -- Alternate angles (Geom.), the
   internal  and angles made by two lines with a third, on opposite sides
   of  it.  It  the  parallels AB, CD, are cut by the line EF, the angles
   AGH, GHD, as also the angles BGH and GHC, are called alternate angles.
   -- Alternate generation. (Biol.) See under Generation.

                                   Alternate

   Al*ter"nate (?; 277), n.

   1. That which alternates with something else; vicissitude. [R.]

     Grateful alternates of substantial. Prior.

   2.  A  substitute;  one  designated  to  take the place of another, if
   necessary, in performing some duty.

   3.   (Math.)   A   proportion   derived  from  another  proportion  by
   interchanging the means.

                                   Alternate

   Al"ter*nate  (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alternated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Alternating.]  [L.  alternatus,  p.  p.  of alternare. See Altern.] To
   perform  by  turns, or in succession; to cause to succeed by turns; to
   interchange regularly.

     The  most  high God, in all things appertaining unto this life, for
     sundry wise ends alternates the disposition of good and evil. Grew.

                                   Alternate

   Al"ter*nate, v. i.

   1.  To  happen,  succeed,  or  act by turns; to follow reciprocally in
   place  or  time;  --  followed  by  with;  as, the flood and ebb tides
   alternate with each other.

     Rage, shame, and grief alternate in his breast. J. Philips.

     Different species alternating with each other. Kirwan.

   2.  To  vary by turns; as, the land alternates between rocky hills and
   sandy plains.

                                  Alternately

   Al*ter"nate*ly (#), adv.

   1. In reciprocal succession; succeeding by turns; in alternate order.

   2.  (Math.) By alternation; when, in a proportion, the antecedent term
   is compared with antecedent, and consequent.

                                 Alternateness

   Al*ter"nate*ness,  n.  The quality of being alternate, or of following
   by turns.

                                  Alternation

   Al`ter*na"tion (#), n. [L. alternatio: cf. F. alternation.]

   1.  The  reciprocal  succession of things in time or place; the act of
   following   and   being   followed  by  turns;  alternate  succession,
   performance, or occurrence; as, the alternation of day and night, cold
   and heat, summer and winter, hope and fear.

   2. (Math.) Permutation.

   3.  The  response  of  the  congregation speaking alternately with the
   minister. Mason.
   Alternation of generation. See under Generation.

                                  Alternative

   Al*ter"na*tive (#), a. [Cf. F. alternatif.]

   1. Offering a choice of two things.

   2. Disjunctive; as, an alternative conjunction.

   3. Alternate; reciprocal. [Obs.] Holland.

                                  Alternative

   Al*ter"na*tive, n. [Cf. F. alternative, LL. alternativa.]

   1. An offer of two things, one of which may be chosen, but not both; a
   choice  between two things, so that if one is taken, the other must be
   left.

     There  is  something  else  than  the  mere alternative of absolute
     destruction or unreformed existence. Burke.

   2.  Either of two things or propositions offered to one's choice. Thus
   when  two things offer a choice of one only, the two things are called
   alternatives.

     Having  to  choose  between  two  alternatives, safety and war, you
     obstinately prefer the worse. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

   3. The course of action or the thing offered in place of another.

     If this demand is refused the alternative is war. Lewis.

     With no alternative but death. Longfellow.

   4.  A  choice  between  more  than  two  things; one of several things
   offered to choose among.

     My decided preference is for the fourth and last of thalternatives.
     Gladstone.

                                 Alternatively

   Al*ter"na*tive*ly,  adv. In the manner of alternatives, or that admits
   the choice of one out of two things.

                                Alternativeness

   Al*ter"na*tive*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  alternative,  or of
   offering a choice between two.

                                   Alternity

   Al*ter"ni*ty   (#),   n.   [LL.   alternitas.]  Succession  by  turns;
   alternation. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

                               Alth\'91a, Althea

   Al*th\'91"a,  Al*the"a  (#),  n.  [althaea,  Gr. (Bot.) (a) A genus of
   plants  of  the Mallow family. It includes the officinal marsh mallow,
   and the garden hollyhocks. (b) An ornamental shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus)
   of the Mallow family.

                                   Altheine

   Al*the"ine (#), n. (Chem.) Asparagine.

                                     Altho

   Al*tho"  (#),  conj.  Although.  [Reformed spelling] Alt"horn` (#), n.
   [Alt  +  horn.]  (Mus.)  An  instrument  of  the  saxhorn family, used
   exclusively in military music, often replacing the French horn. Grove.

                                   Although

   Al*though" (#), conj. [All + though; OE. al thagh.] Grant all this; be
   it that; supposing that; notwithstanding; though.

     Although all shall be offended, yet will no I. Mark xiv. 29.

   Syn.  -- Although, Though. Although, which originally was perhaps more
   emphatic  than  though,  is  now  interchangeable with it in the sense
   given above. Euphonic consideration determines the choice.

                                 Altiloquence

   Al*til"o*quence (#), n. Lofty speech; pompous language. [R.] Bailey.

                                  Altiloquent

   Al*til"o*quent (#), a. [L. altus (adv. alte) high + loquens, p. pr. of
   loqui to speak.] High-sounding; pompous in speech. [R.] Bailey.

                                   Altimeter

   Al*tim"e*ter  (#),  n.  [LL.  altimeter;  altus  high  +  metrum,  Gr.
   altim\'8atre.]  An  instrument  for  taking  altitudes, as a quadrant,
   sextant, etc. Knight.

                                   Altimetry

   Al*tim"e*try  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  altim\'82trie.] The art of measuring
   altitudes, or heights.

                                   Altincar

   Al*tin"car (#), n. See Tincal.

                                   Altiscope

   Al"ti*scope  (#), n. [L. altus high + Gr. An arrangement of lenses and
   mirrors  which  enables  a  person  to  see  an  object  in  spite  of
   intervening objects. <-- p. 45 -->

                                  Altisonant

   Al*tis"o*nant  (#),  a.  [L.  altus high + sonans, p. pr. of sonare to
   sound.] High-sounding; lofty or pompous. Skelton.

                                  Altisonous

   Al*tis"o*nous (#), a. [L. altisonus.] Altisonant.

                                   Altissimo

   Al*tis"si*mo  (#), n. [It.; superl. of alto.] (Mus.) The part or notes
   situated above F in alt.

                                   Altitude

   Al"ti*tude  (#),  n. [L. altitudo, fr. altus high. Cf. Altar, Haughty,
   Enhance.]

   1.  Space  extended  upward; height; the perpendicular elevation of an
   object above its foundation, above the ground, or above a given level,
   or  of one object above another; as, the altitude of a mountain, or of
   a bird above the top of a tree.

   2.  (Astron.)  The  elevation  of a point, or star, or other celestial
   object,  above  the  horizon, measured by the arc of a vertical circle
   intercepted  between  such point and the horizon. It is either true or
   apparent;  true  when  measured  from  the  rational  or real horizon,
   apparent when from the sensible or apparent horizon.

   3. (Geom.) The perpendicular distance from the base of a figure to the
   summit,  or  to  the  side parallel to the base; as, the altitude of a
   triangle, pyramid, parallelogram, frustum, etc.

   4. Height of degree; highest point or degree.

     He is [proud] even to the altitude of his virtue. Shak.

   5. Height of rank or excellence; superiority. Swift.

   6.   pl.  Elevation  of  spirits;  heroics;  haughty  airs.  [Colloq.]
   Richardson.

     The man of law began to get into his altitude. Sir W. Scott.

   Meridian  altitude,  an  arc  of  the meridian intercepted between the
   south  point  on  the  horizon  and  any  point  on  the meridian. See
   Meridian, 3.

                                  Altitudinal

   Al`ti*tu"di*nal  (#),  a.  Of or pertaining to height; as, altitudinal
   measurements.

                                Altitudinarian

   Al`ti*tu`di*na"ri*an  (#),  a.  Lofty  in  doctrine,  aims,  etc. [R.]
   Coleridge.

                                  Altivolant

   Al*tiv"o*lant (#), a. [L. altivolans. See Volant.] Flying high. [Obs.]
   Blount.

                                     Alto

   Al"to (#), n.; pl. Altos (#). [It. alto high, fr. L. altus. Cf. Alt.]

   1.   (Mus.)   Formerly   the   part  sung  by  the  highest  male,  or
   counter-tenor,  voices;  now  the  part  sung by the lowest female, or
   contralto, voices, between in tenor and soprano. In instrumental music
   it now signifies the tenor.

   2. An alto singer.
   Alto clef (Mus.) the counter-tenor clef, or the C clef, placed so that
   the two strokes include the middle line of the staff. Moore.

                                  Altogether

   Al`to*geth"er  (#),  adv. [OE. altogedere; al all + togedere together.
   See Together.]

   1. All together; conjointly. [Obs.]

     Altogether they wenChaucer.

   2. Without exception; wholly; completely.

     Every man at his best state is altogether vanity. Ps. xxxix. 5.

                                   Altometer

   Al*tom"e*ter (#), n. [L. altus high + -meter.] A theodolite. Knight.

                                 Alto-relievo

   Al"to-re*lie"vo (#), n. Alto-rilievo.

                                 Alto-rilievo

   Al"to-ri*lie*vo  (#),  n.;  pl. Alto-rilievos (#). [It.] (Sculp.) High
   relief;  sculptured  work  in which the figures project more than half
   their   thickness;   as,   this   figure  is  an  alto-rilievo  or  in
   alto-rilievo.

     NOTE: &hand; Wh en th e fi gure st ands only half out, it is called
     mezzo-rilievo,  demi-rilievo, or medium relief; when its projection
     is less than one half, basso-rilievo, bas-relief, or low relief.

                                   Altrical

   Al"tri*cal (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like the articles.

                                   Altrices

   Al*tri"ces  (#),  n.  pl.  [L.,  nourishes, pl. of altrix.] (Zo\'94l.)
   Nursers, -- a term applied to those birds whose young are hatched in a
   very  immature  and  helpless  condition, so as to require the care of
   their parents for some time; -- opposed to pr\'91coces.

                                   Altruism

   Al"tru*ism (#), n. [F. altruisme (a word of Comte's), It. altrui of or
   to  others, fr. L. alter another.] Regard for others, both natural and
   moral;  devotion  to  the  interests of others; brotherly kindness; --
   opposed to egoism or selfishness. [Recent] J. S. Mill.

                                   Altruist

   Al"tru*ist, n. One imbued with altruism; -- opposed to egoist.

                                  Altruistic

   Al`tru*is"tic  (#), a. [Cf. F. altruiste, a. See Altruism..] Regardful
   of  others;  beneficent; unselfish; -- opposed to egoistic or selfish.
   Bain. -- Al`tru*is"tic*al*ly, adv.

                                    Aludel

   Al"u*del (#), n. [F. & Sp. aludel, fr. Ar. aluth\'bel.] (Chem.) One of
   the  pear-shaped pots open at both ends, and so formed as to be fitted
   together, the neck of one into the bottom of another in succession; --
   used in the process of sublimation. Ure.

                                     Alula

   Al"u*la  (#),  n.  [NL., dim. of L. ala a wing.] (Zo\'94l.) A false or
   bastard wing. See under Bastard.

                                    Alular

   Al"u*lar (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the alula.

                                     Alum

   Al"um (#), n. [OE. alum, alom, OF. alum, F. alun, fr. L. alumen alum.]
   (Chem.)  A  double sulphate formed of aluminium and some other element
   (esp.  an  alkali metal) or of aluminium. It has twenty-four molecules
   of water of crystallization.

     NOTE: &hand; Co mmon al um is  the double sulphate of aluminium and
     potassium.   It   is   white,  transparent,  very  astringent,  and
     crystallizes  easily  in octahedrons. The term is extended so as to
     include other double sulphates similar to alum in formula.

                                     Alum

   Al"um (#), v. t. To steep in, or otherwise impregnate with, a solution
   of alum; to treat with alum. Ure.

                                    Alumen

   A*lu"men (#), n. [L.] (Chem.) Alum.

                                    Alumina

   A*lu"mi*na (#), n. [L. alumen, aluminis. See Alum.] (Chem.) One of the
   earths,  consisting  of  two  parts  of aluminium and three of oxygen,
   Al2O3.

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  th e oxide of the metal aluminium, the base of
     aluminous  salts,  a  constituent  of  a  large  part of the earthy
     siliceous  minerals, as the feldspars, micas, scapolites, etc., and
     the characterizing ingredient of common clay, in which it exists as
     an  impure silicate with water, resulting from the decomposition of
     other  aluminous  minerals. In its natural state, it is the mineral
     corundum.

   <--  obtained  commercially  from  the mineral bauxite, mined in large
   quantities. -->

                                   Aluminate

   A*lu`mi*nate  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  A compound formed from the hydrate of
   aluminium by the substitution of a metal for the hydrogen.

                                  Aluminated

   A*lu"mi*na`ted (#). a. Combined with alumina.

                                    Alumine

   Al"u*mine (#), n. [F.] Alumina. Davy.

                                   Aluminic

   Al`u*min"ic   (#),   a.  Of  or  containing  aluminium;  as,  aluminic
   phosphate.

                                 Aluminiferous

   A*lu`mi*nif"er*ous   (#),  a.  [L.  alumen  alum  +  -ferous:  cf.  F.
   aluminif\'8are.] Containing alum.

                                  Aluminiform

   A*lu"mi*ni*form  (#),  a.  [L. alumen + -form.] pertaining the form of
   alumina.

                                   Aluminium

   Al`u*min"i*um (#), n. [L. alumen. See Alum.] (Chem.) The metallic base
   of  alumina.  This  metal  is  white,  but with a bluish tinge, and is
   remarkable  for  its  resistance  to oxidation, and for its lightness,
   pertaining  a  specific  gravity  of  about  2.6. Atomic weight 27.08.
   Symbol  Al.  Aluminium  bronze  or  gold, a pale gold-colored alloy of
   aluminium and copper, used for journal bearings, etc.

                                   Aluminize

   A*lu"mi*nize (#), v. t. To treat impregnate with alum; to alum.

                                   Aluminous

   A*lu"mi*nous   (#),  a.  [L.  aluminosus,  fr.  alumen  alum:  cf.  F.
   alumineux.]   Pertaining  to  or  containing  alum,  or  alumina;  as,
   aluminous minerals, aluminous solution.

                                   Aluminum

   A*lu"mi*num (#), n. See Aluminium.

                                    Alumish

   Al"um*ish (#), a. Somewhat like alum.

                                    Alumna

   A*lum"na  (#), n. fem.; pl. Alumn\'91 (#) . [L. See Alumnus.] A female
   pupil; especially, a graduate of a school or college.

                                    Alumnus

   A*lum"nus  (#),  n.;  pl.  Alumni  (#).  [L., fr. alere to nourish.] A
   pupil;  especially,  a  graduate  of  a  college  or other seminary of
   learning.

                                   Alum root

   Al"um  root` (#). (Bot.) A North American herb (Heuchera Americana) of
   the Saxifrage family, whose root has astringent properties.

                            Alum schist, Alum shale

   Al"um schist" (#), Al"um shale" (#), (Min.) A variety of shale or clay
   slate,  containing  iron  pyrites, the decomposition of which leads to
   the formation of alum, which often effloresces on the rock.

                                  Alum stone

   Al"um stone` (#). (Min.) A subsulphate of alumina and potash; alunite.

                                    Alunite

   Al"u*nite (#), n. (Min.) Alum stone.

                                   Alunogen

   A*lu"no*gen  (#),  n.  [F.  alun  alum + -gen.] (Min.) A white fibrous
   mineral  frequently  found on the walls of mines and quarries, chiefly
   hydrous  sulphate  of  alumina;  -- also called feather alum, and hair
   salt.

                                     Alure

   Al"ure  (#), n. [OF. alure, aleure, walk, gait, fr. aler (F. aller) to
   go.] A walk or passage; -- applied to passages of various kinds.

     The sides of every street were covered with fresh alures of marble.
     T. Warton.

                                  Alutaceous

   Al"u*ta"ceous (#), a. [L. alutacius, fr. aluta soft leather.]

   1. Leathery.

   2. Of a pale brown color; leather-yellow. Brande.

                                   Alutation

   Al`u*ta"tion  (#),  n.  [See  Alutaceous.]  The tanning or dressing of
   leather. [Obs.] Blount.

                                    Alveary

   Al"ve*a*ry  (#),  n.;  pl.  Alvearies  (#).  [L.  alvearium,  alveare,
   beehive,  fr.  alveus  a  hollow  vessel,  beehive,  from alvus belly,
   beehive.]

   1. A beehive, or something resembling a beehive. Barret.

   2. (Anat.) The hollow of the external ear. Quincy.

                                   Alveated

   Al"ve*a`ted (#), a. [L. alveatus hollowed out.] Formed or vaulted like
   a beehive.

                                   Alveolar

   Al"ve*o*lar (?; 277), a. [L. alveolus a small hollow or cavity: cf. F.
   alv\'82olaire.]  (Anat.)  Of, pertaining to, or resembling, alveoli or
   little  cells,  sacs, or sockets. Alveolar processes, the processes of
   the maxillary bones, containing the sockets of the teeth.

                                   Alveolary

   Al"ve*o*la*ry (#), a. Alveolar. [R.]

                                   Alveolate

   Al"ve*o*late  (#),  a.  [L.  alveolatus,  fr. alveolus.] (Bot.) Deeply
   pitted, like a honeycomb.

                                    Alveole

   Al"ve*ole (#), n. Same as Alveolus.

                                  Alveoliform

   Al*ve"o*li*form  (#),  a.  [L.  alvelous  + -form.] Having the form of
   alveoli, or little sockets, cells, or cavities.

                                   Alveolus

   Al*ve"o*lus  (#),  n.; pl. Alveoli (#). [L., a small hollow or cavity,
   dim. of alveus: cf. F. alv\'82ole. See Alveary.]

   1. A cell in a honeycomb.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) A small cavity in a coral, shell, or fossil

   3.  (Anat.)  A  small  depression, sac, or vesicle, as the socket of a
   tooth,  the  air  cells of the lungs, the ultimate saccules of glands,
   etc.

                                    Alveus

   Al"ve*us (#), n.; pl. Alvei (#). [L.] The channel of a river. Weate.

                                    Alvine

   Al"vine  (#),  a.  [L.  alvus  belly:  cf. F. alvin.] Of, from, in, or
   pertaining  to,  the  belly  or the intestines; as, alvine discharges;
   alvine concretions.

                                     Alway

   Al"way (#), adv. Always. [Archaic or Poetic]

     I would not live alway. Job vii. 16.

                                    Always

   Al"ways (#), adv. [All + way. The s is an adverbial (orig. a genitive)
   ending.]

   1.  At all times; ever; perpetually; throughout all time; continually;
   as, God is always the same.

     Even in Heaven his [Mammon's] looks and thoughts. Milton.

   2.   Constancy  during  a  certain  period,  or  regularly  at  stated
   intervals;   invariably;   uniformly;   --  opposed  to  sometimes  or
   occasionally.

     He always rides a black galloway. Bulwer.

                                    Alyssum

   A*lys"sum  (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of cruciferous plants;
   madwort.  The  sweet  alyssum (A. maritimum), cultivated for bouquets,
   bears small, white, sweet-scented flowers.

                                      Am

   Am  (#).  [AS.  am,  eom,  akin to Gothic im, Icel. em, Olr. am, Lith.
   esmi,  L. sum., Gr. ahmi, Skr. asmi, fr. a root as to be. Are, and cf.
   Be,  Was.] The first person singular of the verb be, in the indicative
   mode, present tense. See Be.

     God said unto Moses, I am that am. Exod. iii. 14.

                                   Amability

   Am`a*bil"i*ty (#), n. [L. amabilitas.] Lovableness. Jer. Taylor.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e New English Dictionary (Murray) says this word is
     "usefully distinct from Amiability."

                                   Amacratic

   Am`a*crat"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Photog.) Amasthenic. Sir J. Herschel.

                                   Amadavat

   Am`a*da*vat"  (#),  n. [Indian name. From Ahmedabad, a city from which
   it  was  imported to Europe.] (Zo\'94l.) The strawberry finch, a small
   Indian  song  bird  (Estrelda  amandava),  commonly caged and kept for
   fighting.  The  female  is  olive  brown;  the male, in summer, mostly
   crimson;  --  called  also  red  waxbill.  [Written  also amaduvad and
   avadavat.]

                                    Amadou

   Am"a*dou  (#), n. [F. amadou tinder, prop. lure, bait, fr. amadouer to
   allure,  caress,  perh.  fr.  Icel.  mata to feed, which is akin to E.
   meat.]  A spongy, combustible substance, prepared from fungus (Boletus
   and  Polyporus)  which grows on old trees; German tinder; punk. It has
   been  employed  as  a  styptic  by  surgeons, but its common use is as
   tinder,  for  which  purpose  it is prepared by soaking it in a strong
   solution of niter. Ure.

                                     Amain

   A*main" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + main. See 2d Main, n.]

   1. With might; with full force; vigorously; violently; exceedingly.

     They  on the hill, which were not yet come to blows, perceiving the
     fewness of their enemies, came down amain. Milton.

     That  striping  giant,  ill-bred  and  scoffing,  shouts  amain. T.
     Parker.

   2.  At  full  speed; in great haste; also, at once. "They fled amain."
   Holinshed.

                                     Amain

   A*main", v. t. [F. amener. See Amenable.] (Naut.) To lower, as a sail,
   a yard, etc.

                                     Amain

   A*main", v. i. (Naut.) To lower the topsail, in token of surrender; to
   yield.

                                    Amalgam

   A*mal"gam (#), n. [F. amalgame, prob. fr. L. malagma, Gr.

   1. An alloy of mercury with another metal or metals; as, an amalgam of
   tin, bismuth, etc.

     NOTE: &hand; Medalists apply the term to soft alloys generally.

   2. A mixture or compound of different things.

   3. (Min.) A native compound of mercury and silver.

                                    Amalgam

   A*mal"gam, v. t. [Cf. F. amalgamer] To amalgamate. Boyle. B. Jonson.

                                   Amalgama

   A*mal"ga*ma (#), n. Same as Amalgam.

     They  divided  this  their  amalgama  into  a  number of incoherent
     republics. Burke.

                                  Amalgamate

   A*mal"ga*mate  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Amalgamated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Amalgamating.]

   1.  To  compound or mix, as quicksilver, with another metal; to unite,
   combine, or alloy with mercury.

   2.  To mix, so as to make a uniform compound; to unite or combine; as,
   to amalgamate two races; to amalgamate one race with another.

     Ingratitude  is  indeed  their  four cardinal virtues compacted and
     amalgamated into one. Burke.

                                  Amalgamate

   A*mal"ga*mate, v. i.

   1.   To  unite  in  an  amalgam;  to  blend  with  another  metal,  as
   quicksilver.

   2.  To  coalesce,  as  a  result  of growth; to combine into a uniform
   whole; to blend; as, two organs or parts amalgamate.

                            Amalgamate, Amalgamated

   A*mal"ga*mate   (#),   A*mal"ga*ma`ted   (#),  a.  Coalesced;  united;
   combined.

                                 Amalgamation

   A*mal`ga*ma"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. amalgamation.]

   1.  The act or operation of compounding mercury with another metal; --
   applied particularly to the process of separating gold and silver from
   their ores by mixing them with mercury. Ure.

   2.  The  mixing  or  blending of different elements, races, societies,
   etc.;  also, the result of such combination or blending; a homogeneous
   union. Macaulay.

                                 Amalgamative

   A*mal"ga*ma*tive (#), a. Characterized by amalgamation.

                                  Amalgamator

   A*mal"ga*ma`tor   (#),   n.  One  who,  or  that  which,  amalgamates.
   Specifically:  A  machine  for  separating precious metals from earthy
   particles  by  bringing  them  in  contact with a body of mercury with
   which they form an amalgam.

                                  Amalgamize

   A*mal"ga*mize (#), v. t. To amalgamate. [R.]

                                   Amandine

   A*man"dine (#), n. [F. amande almond. See Almond.]

   1. The vegetable casein of almonds.

   2. A kind of cold cream prepared from almonds, for chapped hands, etc.

                                   Amanitine

   A*man"i*tine (#), n. [Gr. The poisonous principle of some fungi.

                                  Amanuensis

   A*man`u*en"sis  (#),  n.;  pl.  Amanuenses (#). [L., fr. a, ab + manus
   hand.] A person whose employment is to write what another dictates, or
   to copy what another has written.

                                   Amaracus

   A*mar"a*cus (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. A fragrant flower. Tennyson.

                                    Amarant

   Am"a*rant (#), n. Amaranth, 1. [Obs.] Milton.

                                 Amarantaceous

   Am`a*ran*ta"ceous (#), a. (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the
   family of plants of which the amaranth is the type.

                                   Amaranth

   Am"a*ranth (#), n. [L. amarantus, Gr. mortal; -- so called because its
   flowers  do  not  soon  wither:  cf. F. amarante. The spelling with th
   seems to be due to confusion with Gr.

   1. An imaginary flower supposed never to fade. [Poetic]

   2.  (Bot.)  A  genus  of ornamental annual plants (Amaranthus) of many
   species, with green, purplish, or crimson flowers.

   2. A color inclining to purple.

                                  Amaranthine

   Am`a*ran"thine (#), a.

   1. Of or pertaining to amaranth. "Amaranthine bowers." Pope.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 46

   2. Unfading, as the poetic amaranth; undying.

     They only amaranthine flower on earth Is virtue. Cowper.

   3. Of a purplish color. Buchanan.

                             Amaranthus, Amarantus

   Am`a*ran"thus (#), Am`a*ran"tus (#), n. Same as Amaranth.

                                    Amarine

   Am"a*rine  (#),  n.  [L.  amarus  bitter.]  (Chem.)  A  characteristic
   crystalline substance, obtained from oil of bitter almonds.

                                   Amaritude

   A*mar"i*tude  (#),  n.  [L.  amaritudo,  fr.  amarus  bitter:  cf. OF.
   amaritude.] Bitterness. [R.]

                        Amaryllidaceous, Amaryllideous

   Am`a*ryl`li*da"ceous   (#),  Am`a*ryl*lid"e*ous  (#),  a.  (Bot.)  Of,
   pertaining  to,  or  resembling, an order of plants differing from the
   lily family chiefly in having the ovary below the

                                   Amaryllis

   Am`a*ryl"lis (#), n. [L. Amaryllis, Gr.

   1. A pastoral sweetheart.

     To sport with Amaryllis in the shade. Milton.

   2.  (bot.)  (a)  A  family  of  plants much esteemed for their beauty,
   including  the  narcissus, jonquil, daffodil, agave, and others. (b) A
   genus of the same family, including the Belladonna lily.

                                     Amass

   A*mass"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Amassed  (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Amassing.]  [F.  ambusher, LL. amassare; L. ad + massa lump, mass. See
   Mass.]  To collect into a mass or heap; to gather a great quantity of;
   to accumulate; as, to amass a treasure or a fortune; to amass words or
   phrases.

     The  life Homer has been written by amassing all the traditions and
     hints the writers could meet with. Pope.

   Syn. -- To accumulate; heap up; pile.

                                     Amass

   A*mass",  n. [OF. amasse, fr. ambusher.] A mass; a heap. [Obs.] Sir H.
   Wotton.

                                   Amassable

   A*mass"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being amassed.

                                    Amasser

   A*mass"er (#), n. One who amasses.

                                   Amassette

   A`mas`sette"  (#),  n.  [F. See Amass.] An instrument of horn used for
   collecting painters' colors on the stone in the process of grinding.

                                   Amassment

   A*mass"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  OF.  amassement.]  An  amassing;  a  heap
   collected;   a   large   quantity   or  number  brought  together;  an
   accumulation.

     An amassment of imaginary conceptions. Glanvill.

                                  Amasthenic

   Am`as*then"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Photog.)  Uniting the chemical rays of
   light into one focus, as a certain kind of lens; amacratic.

                                     Amate

   A*mate"  (#), v. t. [OF. amater, amatir.] To dismay; to dishearten; to
   daunt. [Obs. or Archaic]

     The  Silures,  to  amate  the  new  general,  rumored the overthrow
     greater than was true. Milton.

                                     Amate

   A*mate",  v.  t.  [Pref. a- + mate.] To be a mate to; to match. [Obs.]
   Spenser.

                                    Amateur

   Am`a*teur"  (#),  n.  [F.,  fr. L. amator lover, fr. amare to love.] A
   person attached to a particular pursuit, study, or science as to music
   or  painting;  esp. one who cultivates any study or art, from taste or
   attachment, without pursuing it professionally.

                                  Amateurish

   Am`a*teur"ish, a. In the style of an amateur; superficial or defective
   like   the   work   of   an  amateur.  --  Am`a*teur"ish*ly,  adv.  --
   Am`a*teur"ish*ness, n.

                                  Amateurism

   Am"a*teur*ism (#), n. The practice, habit, or work of an amateur.

                                  Amateurship

   Am"a*teur`ship, n. The quality or character of an amateur.

                                    Amative

   Am"a*tive  (#),  a. [L. amatus, p. p. of amare to love.] Full of love;
   amatory.

                                  Amativeness

   Am"a*tive*ness,  n.  (Phren.) The faculty supposed to influence sexual
   desire; propensity to love. Combe.

                                   Amatorial

   Am`a*to"ri*al (#), a. [See Amatorious.] Of or pertaining to a lover or
   to love making; amatory; as, amatorial verses.

                                  Amatorially

   Am`a*to"ri*al*ly, adv. In an amatorial manner.

                                   Amatorian

   Am`a*to"ri*an (#), a. Amatory. [R.] Johnson.

                                  Amatorious

   Am`a*to"ri*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  amatorius, fr. amare to love.] Amatory.
   [Obs.] "Amatorious poem." Milton.

                                    Amatory

   Am"a*to*ry  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to, producing, or expressing, sexual
   love; as, amatory potions.

                                   Amaurosis

   Am`au*ro"sis  (#),  n. [Gr. (Med.) A loss or decay of sight, from loss
   of  power  in the optic nerve, without any perceptible external change
   in the eye; -- called also gutta serena, the "drop serene" of Milton.

                                   Amaurotic

   Am`au*rot"ic   (#),   a.   Affected   with   amaurosis;   having   the
   characteristics of amaurosis.

                                     Amaze

   A*maze" (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amazed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Amazing.]
   [Pref. a- + maze.]

   1. To bewilder; to stupefy; to bring into a maze. [Obs.]

     A labyrinth to amaze his foes. Shak.

   2.  To  confound,  as  by fear, wonder, extreme surprise; to overwhelm
   with wonder; to astound; to astonish greatly. "Amazing Europe with her
   wit." Goldsmith.

     And  all  the  people were amazed, and said, Is not this the son of
     David? Matt. xii. 23.

   Syn.  --  To astonish; astound; confound; bewilder; perplex; surprise.
   --  Amaze,  Astonish. Amazement includes the notion of bewilderment of
   difficulty  accompanied by surprise. It expresses a state in which one
   does  not know what to do, or to say, or to think. Hence we are amazed
   at what we can not in the least account for. Astonishment also implies
   surprise. It expresses a state in which one is stunned by the vastness
   or  greatness  of  something, or struck with some degree of horror, as
   when one is overpowered by the

                                     Amaze

   A*maze", v. i. To be astounded. [Archaic] B. Taylor.

                                     Amaze

   A*maze",  v.  t. Bewilderment, arising from fear, surprise, or wonder;
   amazement. [Chiefly poetic]

     The wild, bewildered Of one to stone converted by amaze. Byron.

                                   Amazedly

   A*maz"ed*ly  (#),  adv.  In amazement; with confusion or astonishment.
   Shak.

                                  Amazedness

   A*maz"ed*ness,  n. The state of being amazed, or confounded with fear,
   surprise, or wonder. Bp. Hall.

                                   Amazeful

   A*maze"ful (#), a. Full of amazement. [R.]

                                   Amazement

   A*maze"ment (#), n.

   1.  The  condition  of being amazed; bewilderment [Obs.]; overwhelming
   wonder, as from surprise, sudden fear, horror, or admiration.

     His words impression left Of much amazement. Milton.

   2. Frenzy; madness. [Obs.] Webster (1661).

                                    Amazing

   A*maz"ing  (#),  a.  Causing  amazement;  very  wonderful; as, amazing
   grace. -- A*maz"ing*ly, adv.

                                    Amazon

   Am"a*zon (#), n. [L., fr. Gr.

   1.  One  of  a  fabulous  race of female warriors in Scythia; hence, a
   female warrior.

   2. A tall, strong, masculine woman; a virago.

   3. (Zo\'94l.) A name numerous species of South American parrots of the
   genus Chrysotis
   Amazon  ant  (Zo\'94l.),  a  species  of ant (Polyergus rufescens), of
   Europe  and  America.  They  seize by conquest the larv\'91 and nymphs
   other species and make slaves of them in their own nests.

                                   Amazonian

   Am`a*zo"ni*an (#), a.

   1.  Pertaining  to  or  resembling  an  Amazon;  of masculine manners;
   warlike. Shak.

   2.  Of  or  pertaining to the river Amazon in South America, or to its
   valley.

                            Amazonite, Amazon stone

   Am"a*zon*ite  (#),  Am"a*zon  stone`  (#),  n.  [Named  from the river
   Amazon.] (Min.) A variety of feldspar, having a verdigris-green color.

                                  Amb-, Ambi-

   Amb-, Am*bi-. [L. prefix ambi-, amb-, akin to Gr. abhi, AS. embe, emb,
   OHG.  umbi, umpi, G. um, and also L. ambo both. Cf. Amphi-, Both, By.]
   A  prefix  meaning  about,  around;  -- used in words derived from the
   Latin.

                                    Ambages

   Am*ba"ges  (#), n. pl. [L. (usually in pl.); pref. ambi-, amb- + agere
   to  drive: cf. F. ambage.] A circuit; a winding. Hence: Circuitous way
   or proceeding; quibble; circumlocution; indirect mode of speech.

     After  many  ambages, perspicuously define what this melancholy is.
     Burton.

                                  Ambaginous

   Am*bag"i*nous (#), a. Ambagious. [R.]

                                   Ambagious

   Am*ba"gious (#), a. [L. ambagiosus.] Circumlocutory; circuitous. [R.]

                                  Ambagitory

   Am*bag"i*to*ry (#), a. Ambagious. [R.]

                             Ambassade, Embassade

   Am"bas*sade (#), Em"bas*sade (#), n. [F. ambassade. See Embassy.]

   1. The mission of an ambassador. [Obs.] Carew.

   2. An embassy. [Obs.] Strype.

                            Ambassador, Embassador

   Am*bas"sa*dor (#), Em*bas"sa*dor (#), n. [See Embassador.]

   1.  A  minister  of the highest rank sent a foreign court to represent
   there his sovereign or country.

     NOTE: &hand; Am bassador ar e ei ther or dinary [o r re sident] or 
     extraordinary,  that is, sent upon some special or unusual occasion
     or errand.

   Abbott.

   2. An official messenger and representative.

                                 Ambassadorial

   Am*bas`sa*do"ri*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to an ambassador. H.
   Walpole.

                                Ambassadorship

   Am*bas`sa*dor*ship  (#),  n.  The  state,  office,  or functions of an
   ambassador.

                                 Ambassadress

   Am*bas"sa*dress  (#),  n.  A  female  ambassador; also, the wife of an
   ambassador. Prescott.

                                   Ambassage

   Am"bas*sage (#), n. Same as Embassage. [Obs. or R.] Luke xiv. 32.

                                    Ambassy

   Am"bas*sy (#), n. See Embassy, the usual spelling. Helps.

                                     Amber

   Am"ber,  n.  [OE.  aumbre,  F.  ambre,  Sp. \'a0mbar, and with the Ar.
   article, al\'a0mbar, fr. Ar. 'anbar ambergris.]

   1.  (Min.)  A yellowish translucent resin resembling copal, found as a
   fossil  in alluvial soils, with beds of lignite, or on the seashore in
   many places. It takes a fine polish, and is used for pipe mouthpieces,
   beads,  etc.,  and  as  a  basis  for  a fine varnish. By friction, it
   becomes strongly electric.

   2.  Amber  color, or anything amber-colored; a clear light yellow; as,
   the amber of the sky.

   3. Ambergris. [Obs.]

     You that smell of amber at my charge. Beau. & Fl.

   4. The balsam, liquidambar.
   Black amber, and old and popular name for jet.
   
                                     Amber
                                       
   Am"ber, a. 

   1. Consisting of amber; made of amber. "Amber bracelets." Shak.

   2.  Resembling  amber,  especially in color; amber-colored. "The amber
   morn." Tennyson.

                                     Amber

   Am"ber, v. t. [p. p. & p. a. Ambered .]

   1. To scent or flavor with ambergris; as, ambered wine.

   2. To preserve in amber; as, an ambered fly.

                                  Amber fish

   Am"ber  fish  (#).  (Zo\'94l.)  A  fish of the southern Atlantic coast
   (Seriola Carolinensis.)

                                  Ambergrease

   Am"ber*grease (#), n. See Ambergris.

                                   Ambergris

   Am"ber*gris  (#),  n. [F. ambre gris, i. e., gray amber; F. gris gray,
   which is of German origin: cf. OS. gr\'8cs, G. greis, gray-haired. See
   Amber.]  A  substance of the consistence of wax, found floating in the
   Indian  Ocean  and  other  parts  of the tropics, and also as a morbid
   secretion   in   the   intestines   of   the   sperm  whale  (Physeter
   macrocephalus),  which is believed to be in all cases its true origin.
   In color it is white, ash-gray, yellow, or black, and often variegated
   like  marble.  The  floating  masses  are  sometimes from sixty to two
   hundred  and twenty-five pounds in weight. It is wholly volatilized as
   a  white  vapor at 212° Fahrenheit, and is highly valued in perfumery.
   Dana.

                                  Amber seed

   Am"ber   seed`   (#).  Seed  of  the  Hibiscus  abelmoschus,  somewhat
   resembling  millet, brought from Egypt and the West Indies, and having
   a flavor like that of musk; musk seed. Chambers.

                                  Amber tree

   Am"ber  tree`  (#).  A species of Anthospermum, a shrub with evergreen
   leaves, which, when bruised, emit a fragrant odor.

                                   Ambes-as

   Ambes"-as (#), n. Ambs-ace. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Ambidexter

   Am"bi*dex"ter  (#),  a.  [LL., fr. L. ambo both + dexter right, dextra
   (sc.  manus)  the  right  hand.]  Using  both  hands  with equal ease.
   Smollett.

                                  Ambidexter

   Am`bi*dex"ter, n.

   1. A person who uses both hands with equal facility.

   2.  Hence; A double-dealer; one equally ready to act on either side in
   party disputes.

     The rest are hypocrites, ambidexters, so many turning pictures -- a
     lion on one side, a lamb on the other. Burton.

   3.  (Law)  A  juror  who  takes money from both parties for giving his
   verdict. Cowell.

                                 Ambidexterity

   Am"bi*dex*ter"i*ty (#), n.

   1.  The  quality  of  being ambidexas, ambidexterity of argumentation.
   Sterne.

     Ignorant  I  was  of  the human frame, and of its latent powers, as
     regarded speed, force, and ambidexterity. De Quincey.

   2.  Double-dealing.  (Law)  A  juror's  taking  of money from the both
   parties for a verdict.

                                  Ambidextral

   Am`bi*dex"tral  (#),  a. Pertaining equally to the right-hand side and
   the left-hand side. Earle.

                                 Ambidextrous

   Am`bi*dex"trous (#), a.

   1.  Pertaining the faculty of using both hands with equal ease. Sir T.
   Browne.

   2. Practicing or siding with both parties.

     All false, shuffling, and ambidextrous dealings. L'Estrange.

                                Ambidextrously

   Am"bi*dex"trous*ly, adv. In an ambidextrous manner; cunningly.

                               Ambidextrousness

   Am`bi*dex"trous*ness  (#),  n.  The  quality  of  being  ambidextrous;
   ambidexterity.

                                    Ambient

   Am"bi*ent  (#),  a. [L. ambiens, p. pr. of ambire to go around; amb- +
   ire  to  go.]  Encompassing  on  all  sides;  circumfused;  investing.
   "Ambient air." Milton. "Ambient clouds." Pope.

                                    Ambient

   Am"bi*ent, n. Something that surrounds or invests; as, air . . . being
   a perpetual ambient. Sir H. Wotton.

                                  Ambigenous

   Am*big"e*nous  (#),  a.  [L.  ambo  both  + genus kind.] Of two kinds.
   (Bot.)  Partaking  of  two natures, as the perianth of some endogenous
   plants, where the outer surface is calycine, and the inner petaloid.

                                    Ambigu

   Am"bi*gu   (#),   n.  [F.,  fr.  ambigu  doubtful,  L.  ambiquus.  See
   Ambiguous.]  An entertainment at which a medley of dishes is set on at
   the same time.

                                   Ambiguity

   Am`bi*gu"i*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Ambiguities  (#).  [L.  ambiguitas, fr.
   ambiguus:  cf.  F.  ambiguit\'82.]  The  quality  or  state  of  being
   ambiguous;   doubtfulness  or  uncertainty,  particularly  as  to  the
   signification of language, arising from its admitting of more than one
   meaning; an equivocal word or expression.

     No  shadow  of ambiguity can rest upon the course to be pursued. I.
     Taylor.

     The  words  are  of  single  signification,  without any ambiguity.
     South.

                                   Ambiguous

   Am*big"u*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  ambiguus,  fr.  ambigere to wander about,
   waver;  amb- + agere to drive.] Doubtful or uncertain, particularly in
   respect to signification; capable of being understood in either of two
   or  more  possible  senses;  equivocal;  as,  an  ambiguous course; an
   ambiguous expression.

     What  have  been  thy  answers?  What but dark, Ambiguous, and with
     double sense deluding? Milton.

   Syn.   --   Doubtful;   dubious;   uncertain;  unsettled;  indistinct;
   indeterminate; indefinite. See Equivocal.

                                  Ambiguously

   Am*big"u*ous*ly, adv. In an ambiguous manner; with doubtful meaning.

                                 Ambiguousness

   Am*big"u*ous*ness, n. Ambiguity.

                                  Ambilevous

   Am`bi*le"vous  (#),  a.  [L.  ambo both + laevus left.] Left-handed on
   both sides; clumsy; -- opposed to ambidexter. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

                                   Ambiloquy

   Am*bil"o*quy (#), n. Doubtful or ambiguous language. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                  Ambiparous

   Am*bip"a*rous  (#),  a. [L. ambo both + parere to bring forth.] (Bot.)
   Characterized  by containing the rudiments of both flowers and leaves;
   -- applied to a bud.

                                     Ambit

   Am"bit  (#),  n.  [L.  ambitus  circuit,  fr. ambire to go around. See
   Ambient.] Circuit or compass.

     His great parts did not live within a small ambit. Milward.

                                   Ambition

   Am*bi"tion (#), n. [F. ambition, L. ambitio a going around, especially
   of  candidates for office is Rome, to solicit votes (hence, desire for
   office or honorambire to go around. See Ambient, Issue.]

   1. The act of going about to solicit or obtain an office, or any other
   object of desire; canvassing. [Obs.]

     [I] used no ambition to commend my deeds. Milton.

   2.  An  eager,  and  sometimes  an  inordinate, desire for preferment,
   honor, superiority, power, or the attainment of something.

     Cromwell, I charge thee, fling a way ambition: By that sin fell the
     angels. Shak.

     The pitiful ambition of possessing five or six thousand more acres.
     Burke.

                                   Ambition

   Am*bi"tion,  v.  t. [Cf. F. ambitionner.] To seek after ambitiously or
   eagerly; to covet. [R.]

     Pausanias,  ambitioning  the  sovereignty  of Greece, bargains with
     Xerxes for his daughter in marriage. Trumbull.

                                  Ambitionist

   Am*bi"tion*ist, n. One excessively ambitious. [R.]

                                 Ambitionless

   Am*bi"tion*less, a. Devoid of ambition. Pollok.

                                   Ambitious

   Am*bi"tious (#), a. [L. ambitiosus: cf. F. ambitieux. See Ambition.]

   1.  Possessing,  or  controlled  by, ambition; greatly or inordinately
   desirous of power, honor, office, superiority, or distinction.

     Yet  Brutus  says he was ambitious, And Brutus is an honorable man.
     Shak.

   2.  Strongly  desirous;  --  followed  by  of  or  the infinitive; as,
   ambitious to be or to do something.

     I was not ambitious of seeing this ceremony. Evelyn.

     Studious of song, and yet ambitious not to sing in vain. Cowper.

   3.  Springing  from, characterized by, or indicating, ambition; showy;
   aspiring; as, an ambitious style.

     A  giant  statue  . . . Pushed by a wild and artless race, From off
     wide, ambitious base. Collins.

                                  Ambitiously

   Am*bi"tious*ly, adv. In an ambitious manner. <-- p. 47 -->

                                 Ambitiousness

   Am*bi"tious*ness  (#),  n.  The  quality of being ambitious; ambition;
   pretentiousness.

                                    Ambitus

   Am"bi*tus (#), n. [L. See Ambit, Ambition.]

   1. The exterior edge or border of a thing, as the border of a leaf, or
   the outline of a bivalve shell.

   2. (Rom. Antiq.) A canvassing for votes.

                                     Amble

   Am"ble  (#),  v.  i. [imp. & p. p. Ambled (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Ambling
   (#).]  [F. ambler to amble, fr. L. ambulare to walk, in LL., to amble,
   perh.  fr.  amb-,  ambi-,  and a root meaning to go: cf. Gr. base. Cf.
   Ambulate.]

   1.  To go at the easy gait called an amble; -- applied to the horse or
   to its rider.

   2.  To  move  somewhat  like an ambling horse; to go easily or without
   hard shocks.

     The skipping king, he ambled up and down. Shak.

     Sir, your wit ambles well; it goes easily. Shak.

                                     Amble

   Am"ble, n.

   1. A peculiar gait of a horse, in which both legs on the same side are
   moved  at  the same time, alternating with the legs on the other side.
   "A fine easy amble." B. Jonson.

   2. A movement like the amble of a horse.

                                    Ambler

   Am"bler (#), n. A horse or a person that ambles.

                                   Amblingly

   Am"bling*ly, adv. With an ambling gait.

                                   Amblotic

   Am*blot"ic (#), a. [Gr. Tending to cause abortion.

                                   Amblygon

   Am"bly*gon  (#),  n. [Gr. amblygone.] (Geom.) An obtuse-angled figure,
   esp. and obtuse-angled triangle. [Obs.]

                                  Amblygonal

   Am*blyg"o*nal (#), a. Obtuse-angled. [Obs.] Hutton.

                              Amblyopia, Amblyopy

   Am`bly*o"pi*a   (#),  Am"bly*o`py  (#),  n.  [Gr.  amblyopie.]  (Med.)
   Weakness  of  sight,  without  and  opacity  of  the cornea, or of the
   interior of the eye; the first degree of amaurosis.

                                   Amblyopic

   Am"bly*op"ic (#), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to amblyopy. Quain.

                                   Amblypoda

   Am*blyp"o*da  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A group of large,
   extinct,  herbivorous mammals, common in the Tertiary formation of the
   United States.

                                     Ambo

   Am"bo (#), n.; pl. Ambos (#). [LL. ambo, Gr. ambon.] A large pulpit or
   reading desk, in the early Christian churches. Gwilt.

                                     Ambon

   Am"bon (#), n. Same as Ambo.

                                 Amboyna wood

   Am*boy"na  wood  (#).  A  beautiful  mottled  and curled wood, used in
   cabinetwork.  It  is obtained from the Pterocarpus Indicus of Amboyna,
   Borneo, etc.

                                   Ambreate

   Am"bre*ate (#), n. (Chem.) A salt formed by the combination of ambreic
   acid with a base or positive radical.

                                    Ambreic

   Am*bre"ic  (#),  a.  (Chem.) Of or pertaining to ambrein; -- said of a
   certain acid produced by digesting ambrein in nitric acid.

                                    Ambrein

   Am"bre*in  (#), n. [Cf. F. ambr\'82ine. See Amber.] (Chem.) A fragrant
   substance which is the chief constituent of ambergris.

                                    Ambrite

   Am"brite  (#),  n.  [From  amber.]  A  fossil resin occurring in large
   masses in New Zealand.

                                    Ambrose

   Am"brose  (#),  n.  A  sweet-scented  herb; ambrosia. See Ambrosia, 3.
   Turner.

                                   Ambrosia

   Am*bro"sia (?; 277), n. [L. ambrosia, Gr. mrita, L. mortuus, dead, and
   to E. mortal.]

   1.  (Myth.)  (a)  The  fabled  food  of  the gods (as nectar was their
   drink),  which conferred immortality upon those who partook of it. (b)
   An unguent of the gods.

     His dewy locks distilled ambrosia. Milton.

   2.  A  perfumed unguent, salve, or draught; something very pleasing to
   the taste or smell. Spenser.

   3.  Formerly, a kind of fragrant plant; now (Bot.), a genus of plants,
   including  some  coarse  and worthless weeds, called ragweed, hogweed,
   etc.

                                   Ambrosiac

   Am"bro"si*ac  (#), a. [L. ambrosiacus: cf. F. ambrosiaque.] Having the
   qualities of ambrosia; delicious. [R.]"Ambrosiac odors." B. Jonson.

                                   Ambrosial

   Am*bro"sial (#), a. [L. ambrosius, Gr.

   1.  Consisting of, or partaking of the nature of, ambrosia; delighting
   the   taste   or   smell;   delicious.  "Ambrosial  food."  "Ambrosial
   fragrance." Milton.

   2.  Divinely  excellent  or  beautiful.  "Shakes his ambrosial curls."
   Pope.

                                  Ambrosially

   Am*bro"sial*ly,  adv.  After  the  manner  of  ambrosia; delightfully.
   "Smelt ambrosially." Tennyson.

                                   Ambrosian

   Am*bro"sian (#), a. Ambrosial. [R.] . Jonson.

                                   Ambrosian

   Am*bro"sian,  a.  Of  or  pertaining to St. Ambrose; as, the Ambrosian
   office,  or  ritual,  a  formula  of  worship  in the church of Milan,
   instituted  by  St.  Ambrose.  Ambrosian chant, the mode of signing or
   chanting introduced by St. Ambrose in the 4th century.

                                   Ambrosin

   Am"bro*sin  (#),  n.  [LL. Ambrosinus nummus.] An early coin struck by
   the  dukes  of  Milan,  and  bearing  the  figure  of  St.  Ambrose on
   horseback.

                                   Ambrotype

   Am"bro*type  (#), n. [Gr. -type.] (Photog.) A picture taken on a place
   of  prepared glass, in which the lights are represented in silver, and
   the  shades  are  produced  by  a  dark background visible through the
   unsilvered portions of the glass.

                                     Ambry

   Am"bry  (#),  n.;  pl.  Ambries (#). [OE. aumbry, almery, OF. almarie,
   armarie,  aumaire,  F.  armoire, LL. armarium chest, cupboard, orig. a
   repository  for  arms,  fr.  L. arama arms. The word has been confused
   with almonry. See Armory.]

   1.  In  churches,  a  kind  of  closet, niche, cupboard, or locker for
   utensils, vestments, etc.

   2. A store closet, as a pantry, cupboard, etc.

   3. Almonry. [Improperly so used]

                                   Ambs-ace

   Ambs"-ace (#), n. [OF. ambesas; ambes both (fr. L. ambo) + as ace. See
   Ace.]  Double  aces, the lowest throw of all at dice. Hence: Bad luck;
   anything of no account or value.

                                  Ambulacral

   Am`bu*la"cral  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.)  Of  or  pertaining  to ambulacra;
   avenuelike;  as,  the ambulacral ossicles, plates, spines, and suckers
   of echinoderms.

                                 Ambulacriform

   Am`bu*la"cri*form  (#),  a. [Ambulacrum + -form] (Zo\'94l.) Having the
   form of ambulacra.

                                  Ambulacrum

   Am`bu*la"crum  (#),  n.;  pl.  Ambulacra (#). [L., an alley or covered
   way.]  (Zo\'94l.)  (a)  One of the radical zones of echinoderms, along
   which  run the principal nerves, blood vessels, and water tubes. These
   zones  usually  bear  rows  of  locomotive suckers or tentacles, which
   protrude  from  regular  pores. In star fishes they occupy the grooves
   along  the  under side of the rays. (b) One of the suckers on the feet
   of mites.

                                   Ambulance

   Am"bu*lance  (#),  n.  [F.  ambulance,  h\'93pital  ambulant,  fr.  L.
   ambulare  to  walk.  See  Amble.]  (Mil.)  (a)  A  field  hospital, so
   organized  as  to  follow  an  army  in its movements, and intended to
   succor the wounded as soon as possible. Often used adjectively; as, an
   ambulance   wagon;   ambulance  stretcher;  ambulance  corps.  (b)  An
   ambulance  wagon  or cart for conveying the wounded from the field, or
   to a hospital.

                                   Ambulant

   Am"bu*lant  (#),  a.  [L. ambulans, p. pr. of ambulare to walk: cf. F.
   ambulant.] Walking; moving from place to place. Gayton.

                                   Ambulate

   Am"bu*late  (#),  v.  i. [L. ambulare to walk. See Amble.] To walk; to
   move about. [R.] Southey.

                                  Ambulation

   Am`bu*la"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ambulatio.]  The  act of walking. Sir T.
   Browne.

                                  Ambulative

   Am"bu*la*tive (#), a. Walking. [R.]

                                   Ambulator

   Am"bu*la`tor (#), n.

   1. One who walks about; a walker.

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  (a) A beetle of the genus Lamia. (b) A genus of birds,
   or one of this genus.

   3. An instrument for measuring distances; -- called also perambulator.
   Knight.

                                 Ambulatorial

   Am`bu*la*to"ri*al (#), a. Ambulatory; fitted for walking. Verrill.

                                  Ambulatory

   Am"bu*la*to*ry (#), a. [L. ambulatorius.]

   1.  Of or pertaining to walking; having the faculty of walking; formed
   or fitted for walking; as, an ambulatory animal.

   2.  Accustomed  to  move from place to place; not stationary; movable;
   as, an ambulatory court, which exercises its jurisdiction in different
   places.

     The priesthood . . . before was very ambulatory, and dispersed into
     all families. Jer. Taylor.

   3. Pertaining to a walk. [R.]

     The  princess  of  whom  his  majesty had an ambulatory view in his
     travels. Sir H. Wotton.

   4. (Law) Not yet fixed legally, or settled past alteration; alterable;
   as,  the  dispositions of a will are ambulatory until the death of the
   testator.

                                  Ambulatory

   Am"bu*la*to*ry,  n.;  pl.  Ambulatories  (#).  [Cf. LL. ambulatorium.]
   (Arch.) A place to walk in, whether in the open air, as the gallery of
   a cloister, or within a building.

                                    Amburry

   Am"bur*ry (#), n. Same as Anbury.

                                   Ambuscade

   Am`bus*cade"  (#),  n.  [F.  embuscade,  fr.  It.  imboscata,  or  Sp.
   emboscada,  fr.  emboscar to ambush, fr. LL. imboscare. See Ambush, v.
   t.]

   1. A lying in a wood, concealed, for the purpose of attacking an enemy
   by  surprise.  Hence: A lying in wait, and concealed in any situation,
   for a like purpose; a snare laid for an enemy; an ambush.

   2.  A  place in which troops lie hid, to attack an enemy unexpectedly.
   [R.] Dryden.

   3. (Mil.) The body of troops lying in ambush.

                                   Ambuscade

   Am`bus*cade",  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Ambuscaded (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Ambuscading (#).]

   1. To post or conceal in ambush; to ambush.

   2. To lie in wait for, or to attack from a covert or lurking place; to
   waylay.

                                   Ambuscade

   Am`bus*cade", v. i. To lie in ambush.

                                   Ambuscado

   Am`bus*ca"do (#), n. Ambuscade. [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Ambuscadoed

   Am`bus*ca"doed (#), p. p. Posted in ambush; ambuscaded. [Obs.]

                                    Ambush

   Am"bush (#), n. [F. emb\'96che, fr. the verb. See Ambush, v. t.]

   1.  A  disposition  or  arrangement  of  troops for attacking an enemy
   unexpectedly  from  a concealed station. Hence: Unseen peril; a device
   to entrap; a snare.

     Heaven,  whose  high  walls fear no assault or siege Or ambush from
     the deep. Milton.

   2.  A concealed station, where troops or enemies lie in wait to attack
   by surprise.

     Bold in close ambush, base in open field. Dryden.

   3.  The troops posted in a concealed place, for attacking by surprise;
   liers in wait. [Obs.]

     The ambush arose quickly out of their place. Josh. viii. 19.

   To lay an ambush, to post a force in ambush.

                                    Ambush

   Am"bush  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Ambushed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Ambushing.]  [OE.  enbussen,  enbushen,  OF. embushier, embuissier, F.
   emb\'96cher,  embusquer, fr. LL. imboscare; in + LL. boscus, buscus, a
   wood; akin to G. bush, E. bush. See Ambuscade, Bu.]

   1. To station in ambush with a view to surprise an enemy.

     By ambushed men behind their temple Dryden.

   2. To attack by ambush; to waylay.

                                    Ambush

   Am"bush,  v.  i.  To  lie  in  wait,  for  the purpose of attacking by
   surprise; to lurk.

     Nor saw the snake that ambushed for his prey. Trumbull.

                                   Ambusher

   Am"bush*er (#), n. One lying in ambush.

                                  Ambushment

   Am"bush*ment  (#), n. [OF. embuschement. See Ambush, v. t.] An ambush.
   [Obs.] 2 Chron. xiii. 13.

                                   Ambustion

   Am*bus"tion  (?;  106),  n.  [L.  ambustio.]  (Med.)  A burn or scald.
   Blount.

                                    Amebean

   Am`e*be"an (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) See Am.

                                  Ameer, Amir

   A*meer", A*mir" (#), n. [See Emir.]

   1. Emir. [Obs.]

   2. One of the Mohammedan nobility of Afghanistan and Scinde.

                                     Amel

   Am"el  (#),  n. [OE. amell, OF. esmail, F. \'82mail, of German origin;
   cf. OHG. smelzi, G. schmelz. See Smelt, v. t.] Enamel. [Obs.] Boyle.

                                     Amel

   Am"el,  v. t. [OE. amellen, OF. esmailler, F. \'82mailler, OF. esmail,
   F. \'82mail.] To enamel. [Obs.]

     Enlightened all with stars, And richly ameled. Chapman.

                                   Amelcorn

   Am"el*corn` (#), n. [Ger. amelkorn: cf. MHG. amel, amer, spelt, and L.
   amylum  starch,  Gr. A variety of wheat from which starch is produced;
   -- called also French rice.

                                  Ameliorable

   A*mel"io*ra*ble (#), a. Capable of being ameliorated.

                                  Ameliorate

   A*mel"io*rate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ameliorated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.   Ameliorating.]  [L.  ad  +  meliorare  to  make  better:  cf.  F.
   am\'82liorer.   See   Meliorate.]  To  make  better;  to  improve;  to
   meliorate.

     In  every  human  being  there  is  a  wish  to  ameliorate his own
     condition. Macaulay.

                                  Ameliorate

   A*mel"io*rate,   v.   i.  To  grow  better;  to  meliorate;  as,  wine
   ameliorates by age.

                                 Amelioration

   A*mel`io*ra"tion   (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  am\'82lioration.]  The  act  of
   ameliorating,  or  the  state of being ameliorated; making or becoming
   better;  improvement; melioration. "Amelioration of human affairs." J.
   S. Mill.

                                 Ameliorative

   A*mel"io*ra*tive (#), a. Tending to ameliorate; producing amelioration
   or improvement; as, ameliorative remedies, efforts.

                                  Ameliorator

   A*mel"io*ra`tor (#), n. One who ameliorates.

                                     Amen

   A`men"  (?;  277),  interj., adv., & n. [L. amen, Gr. \'bem certainly,
   truly.]  An  expression used at the end of prayers, and meaning, So be
   it. At the end of a creed, it is a solemn asseveration of belief. When
   it  introduces a declaration, it is equivalent to truly, verily. It is
   used  as  a  noun,  to  demote:  (a)  concurrence  in  belief, or in a
   statement;  assent; (b) the final word or act; (c) Christ as being one
   who is true and faithful.

     And let all the people say, Amen. Ps. cvi. 48.

     Amen,  amen,  I say to thee, except a man be born again, he can not
     see the kingdom of God. John ii. 3. Rhemish Trans.

   To  say  amen  to,  to  approve  warmly;  to  concur  in  heartily  or
   emphatically; to ratify; as, I say Amen to all.
   
                                     Amen
                                       
   A`men", v. t. To say Amen to; to sanction fully. 

                                  Amenability

   A*me`na*bil"i*ty  (#), n. The quality of being amenable; amenableness.
   Coleridge.

                                   Amenable

   A*me"na*ble  (#),  a.  [F. amener to lead; ad) = mener to lead, fr. L.
   minare  to  drive  animals  (properly by threatening cries), in LL. to
   lead; L. minari, to threaten, minae threats. See Menace.]

   1.  (Old  Law)  Easy to be led; governable, as a woman by her husband.
   [Obs.] Jacob.

   2.  Liable  to  be  brought  to  account  or  punishment;  answerable;
   responsible; accountable; as, amenable to law.

     Nor  is  man  too  diminutive  .  .  . to be amenable to the divine
     government. I. Taylor.

   3. Liable to punishment, a charge, a claim, etc.

   4. Willing to yield or submit; responsive; tractable.

     Sterling . . . always was amenable enough to counsel. Carlyle.

                                 Amenableness

   A*me"na*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being amenable; liability
   to answer charges; answerableness.

                                   Amenably

   A*me"na*bly, adv. In an amenable manner.

                                    Amenage

   Am"e*nage  (#),  v. t. [OF. amesnagier. See Manage.] To manage. [Obs.]
   Spenser.

                                   Amenance

   Am"e*nance  (#),  n.  [OF.  See  Amenable.]  Behavior; bearing. [Obs.]
   Spenser.

                                     Amend

   A*mend"  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amended; p. pr. & vb. n. Amending.]
   [F.  amender,  L. emendare; e(ex) + mendum, menda, fault, akin to Skr.
   minda  personal  defect.  Cf. Emend, Mend.] To change or modify in any
   way  for  the  better;  as,  (a) by simply removing what is erroneous,
   corrupt,   superfluous,   faulty,  and  the  like;  (b)  by  supplying
   deficiencies;  (c) by substituting something else in the place of what
   is removed; to rectify.

     Mar not the thing that can not be amended. Shak.

     An  instant  emergency,  granting  no  possibility for revision, or
     opening for amended thought. De Quincey.

     We  shall cheer her sorrows, and amend her blood, by wedding her to
     a Norman. Sir W. Scott.

   To amend a bill, to make some change in the details or provisions of a
   bill or measure while on its passage, professedly for its improvement.
   <-- p. 48 --> Syn. -- To Amend, Emend, Correct, Reform, Rectify. These
   words  agree in the idea of bringing things into a more perfect state.
   We  correct  (literally, make straight) when we conform things to some
   standard  or  rule;  as, to correct proof sheets. We amend by removing
   blemishes, faults, or errors, and thus rendering a thing more a nearly
   perfect;  as, to amend our ways, to amend a text, the draft of a bill,
   etc.  Emend  is  only another form of amend, and is applied chiefly to
   editions  of books, etc. To reform is literally to form over again, or
   put  into  a new and better form; as, to reform one's life. To rectify
   is  to  make  right;  as,  to  rectify  a  mistake, to rectify abuses,
   inadvertencies, etc.

                                     Amend

   A*mend"  (#),  v.  i.  To grow better by rectifying something wrong in
   manners  or  morals;  to  improve.  "My  fortune . . . amends." Sir P.
   Sidney.

                                   Amendable

   A*mend"a*ble  (#),  a. Capable of being amended; as, an amendable writ
   or error. -- A*mend"a*ble*ness, n.

                                  Amendatory

   A*mend"a*to*ry  (#),  a.  Supplying amendment; corrective; emendatory.
   Bancroft.

                                    Amende

   A`mende"  (#),  n.  [F.  See Amend.] A pecuniary punishment or fine; a
   reparation  or  recantation.  Amende  honorable(#). (Old French Law) A
   species  of  infamous punishment in which the offender, being led into
   court  with  a  rope  about his neck, and a lighted torch in his hand,
   begged  pardon  of  his  God, the court, etc. In popular language, the
   phrase  now denotes a public apology or recantation, and reparation to
   an injured party, for improper language or treatment.

                                    Amender

   A*mend"er (#), n. One who amends.

                                   Amendful

   A*mend"ful (#), a. Much improving. [Obs.]

                                   Amendment

   A*mend"ment (#), n. [F. amendement, LL. amendamentum.]

   1. An alteration or change for the better; correction of a fault or of
   faults; reformation of life by quitting vices.

   2.  In public bodies; Any alternation made or proposed to be made in a
   bill or motion by adding, changing, substituting, or omitting.

   3.  (Law)  Correction  of  an  error  in  a  writ  or process. Syn. --
   Improvement; reformation; emendation.

                                    Amends

   A*mends"  (#), n. sing. & pl. [F. amendes, pl. of amende. Cf. Amende.]
   Compensation for a loss or injury; recompense; reparation. [Now const.
   with sing. verb.] "An honorable amends." Addison.

     Yet thus far fortune maketh us amends. Shak.

                                    Amenity

   A*men"i*ty   (#),   n.;  pl.  Amenities  (#).  [F.  am\'82nit\'82,  L.
   amoenitas,  fr.  amoenus  pleasant.]  The quality of being pleasant or
   agreeable,  whether  in  respect  to  situation,  climate, manners, or
   disposition; pleasantness; civility; suavity; gentleness.

     A sweetness and amenity of temper. Buckle.

     This climate has not seduced by its amenities. W. Howitt.

                                 Amenorrh\'d2a

   A*men`or*rh\'d2"a  (#), n. [Gr. am\'82norrh\'82e.] (Med.) Retention or
   suppression of the menstrual discharge.

                                Amenorrh\'d2al

   A*men`or*rh\'d2"al (#), a. Pertaining to amenorrh\'d2a.

                               A mensa et thoro

   A  men"sa  et  tho"ro  (#).  [L., from board and bed.] (Law) A kind of
   divorce  which  does  not  dissolve  the  marriage  bond,  but  merely
   authorizes a separate life of the husband and wife. Abbott.

                                     Ament

   Am"ent  (#),  n.  [L.  amentum  thong  or  strap.] (Bot.) A species of
   inflorescence; a catkin.

     The globular ament of a buttonwood. Coues.

                                  Amentaceous

   Am`en*ta"ceous  (#),  a.  [LL.  amentaceus.] (Bot.) (a) Resembling, or
   consisting of, an ament or aments; as, the chestnut has an amentaceous
   inflorescence.  (b) Bearing aments; having flowers arranged in aments;
   as, amentaceous plants.

                                    Amentia

   A*men"ti*a   (#),   n.   [L.]   (Med.)   Imbecility;   total  want  of
   understanding.

                                 Amentiferous

   Am`en*tif"er*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  amentum  +  -ferous.]  (Bot.) Bearing
   catkins. Balfour.

                                  Amentiform

   A*men"ti*form  (#),  a.  [L.  amentum  +  -form.] (Bot.) Shaped like a
   catkin.

                                    Amentum

   A*men"tum (#), n.; pl. Amenta (#). Same as Ament.

                                    Amenuse

   Am"e*nuse  (#),  v. t. [OF. amenuisier. See Minute.] To lessen. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                    Amerce

   A*merce"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Amerced (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Amercing.]  [OF.  amercier,  fr.  a merci at the mercy of, liable to a
   punishment. See Mercy.]

   1.  To punish by a pecuniary penalty, the amount of which is not fixed
   by  law,  but left to the discretion of the court; as, the amerced the
   criminal in the sum on the hundred dollars.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e pe nalty of  fi ne ma y be  ex pressed wi thout a
     preposition, or it may be introduced by in, with, or of.

   2. To punish, in general; to mulct.

     Millions of spirits for his fault amerced Of Heaven. Milton.

     Shall by him be amerced with penance due. Spenser.

                                  Amerceable

   A*merce"a*ble (#), a. Liable to be amerced.

                                  Amercement

   A*merce"ment  (#), n. [OF. amerciment.] The infliction of a penalty at
   the discretion of the court; also, a mulct or penalty thus imposed. It
   differs  from a fine,in that the latter is, or was originally, a fixed
   and certain sum prescribed by statue for an offense; but an amercement
   is  arbitrary.  Hence, the act or practice of affeering. [See Affeer.]
   Blackstone.

     NOTE: &hand; This word, in old books, is written amerciament.

   Amercement royal, a penalty imposed on an officer for a misdemeanor in
   his office. Jacobs.

                                    Amercer

   A*mer"cer (#), n. One who amerces.

                                  Amerciament

   A*mer"cia*ment (#), n. [LL. amerciamentum.] Same as Amercement. Mozley
   & W.

                                   American

   A*mer"i*can (#), a. [Named from Americus Vespucius.]

   1.  Of  or pertaining to America; as, the American continent: American
   Indians.

   2.  Of  or  pertaining  to  the United States. "A young officer of the
   American navy." Lyell.
   American   ivy.  See  Virginia  creeper.  --  American  Party  (U.  S.
   Politics),  a  party,  about  1854,  which  opposed  the  influence of
   foreign-born  citizens,  and  those  supposed  to  owe allegiance to a
   foreign  power.  -- Native american Party (U. S. Politics), a party of
   principles  similar  to  those  of  the American party. It arose about
   1843, but soon died out.

                                   American

   A*mer"i*can  (#), n. A native of America; -- originally applied to the
   aboriginal   inhabitants,  but  now  applied  to  the  descendants  of
   Europeans  born  in  America,  and  especially  to the citizens of the
   United States.

     The  name  American  must  always  exalt  the  pride of patriotism.
     Washington.

                                  Americanism

   A*mer"i*can*ism (#), n.

   1. Attachment to the United States.

   2.  A  custom peculiar to the United States or to America; an American
   characteristic or idea.

   3. A word or phrase peculiar to the United States.

                                Americanization

   A*mer`i*can*i*za"tion (#), n. The process of Americanizing.

                                  Americanize

   A*mer"i*can*ize  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Americanizer (#); p. pr. &
   vb.  n.  Americanizing.]  To  render  American;  to  assimilate to the
   Americans   in   customs,   ideas,   etc.;   to  stamp  with  American
   characteristics.

                                   Ames-ace

   Ames"-ace (#), n. Same as Ambs-ace.

                                     Amess

   Am"ess (#), n. (Eccl.) Amice, a hood or cape. See 2d Amice.

                                   Ametabola

   Am`e*tab"o*la (#), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of insects which do
   not undergo any metamorphosis. [Written also Ametabolia.]

                                  Ametabolian

   A*met`a*bo"li*an  (#),  a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to insects
   that do undergo any metamorphosis.

                            Ametabolic, Ametabolous

   A*met`a*bol"ic  (#), Am`e*tab"o*lous, a. (Zo\'94l.) Not undergoing any
   metamorphosis; as, ametabolic insects.

                                  Amethodist

   A*meth"o*dist  (#), n. [Pref. a- not + methodist.] One without method;
   a quack. [Obs.]

                                   Amethyst

   Am"e*thyst   (#),   [F.   ametiste,   amatiste,  F.  am\'82thyste,  L.
   amethystus, fr. Gr. Mead.]

   1.  (Min.)  A  variety  of  crystallized quartz, of a purple or bluish
   violet  color,  of  different  shades.  It is much used as a jeweler's
   stone.
   Oriental amethyst, the violet-blue variety of transparent crystallized
   corundum or sapphire.

   2. (Her.) A purple color in a nobleman's escutcheon, or coat of arms.

                                  Amethystine

   Am`e*thys"tine (#), a. [L. amethystinus, Gr.

   1. Resembling amethyst, especially in color; bluish violet.

   2. Composed of, or containing, amethyst.

                                   Ametropia

   Am`e*tro"pi*a  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Med.)  Any  abnormal  condition of the
   refracting powers of the eye. -- Am`e*trop"ic (#), a.

                                    Amharic

   Am*har"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to Amhara, a division of Abyssinia;
   as,  the Amharic language is closely allied to the Ethiopic. -- n. The
   Amharic language (now the chief language of Abyssinia).

                                     Amia

   Am"i*a  (#),  n. [L., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fresh-water ganoid
   fishes,  exclusively  confined to North America; called bowfin in Lake
   Champlain,  dogfish  in Lake Erie, and mudfish in South Carolina, etc.
   See Bowfin.

                                  Amiability

   A`mi*a*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  The  quality of being amiable; amiableness;
   sweetness of disposition.

     Every excellency is a degree of amiability. Jer. Taylor.

                                    Amiable

   A"mi*a*ble  (#),  a.  [F.  amiable, L. amicabilis friendly, fr. amicus
   friend,  fr.  amare  to  love.  The  meaning has been influenced by F.
   aimable,  L.  amabilis  lovable,  fr.  amare  to  love.  Cf. Amicable,
   Amorous, Amability.]

   1. Lovable; lovely; pleasing. [Obs. or R.]

     So amiable a prospect. Sir T. Herbert.

   2.  Friendly;  kindly; sweet; gracious; as, an amiable temper or mood;
   amiable ideas.

   3.  Possessing  sweetness  of disposition; having sweetness of temper,
   kind-heartedness,  etc.,  which causes one to be liked; as, an amiable
   woman.

   4. Done out of love. [Obs.]

     Lay an amiable siege to the honesty of this Ford's wife. Shak.

                                  Amiableness

   A`mi*a*ble*ness, n. The quality of being amiable; amiability.

                                    Amiably

   A"mi*a*bly, adv. In an amiable manner.

                                    Amianth

   Am"i*anth (#), n. See Amianthus. [Poetic]

                                 Amianthiform

   Am`i*an"thi*form  (#), a. [Amianthus + -form.] Resembling amianthus in
   form.

                                  Amianthoid

   Am`i*an"thoid  (#),  a.  [Amianthus  +  -oid:  cf.  F. amianto\'8bde.]
   Resembling amianthus.

                                   Amianthus

   Am`i*an"thus  (#), n. [L. amiantus, Gr. (Min.) Earth flax, or mountain
   flax; a soft silky variety of asbestus.

                                     Amic

   Am"ic  (#),  a.  [L.  ammonia  + -ic.] (Chem.) Related to, or derived,
   ammonia;  -- used chiefly as a suffix; as, amic acid; phosphamic acid.
   Amic  acid  (Chem.),  one  of  a  class of nitrogenized acids somewhat
   resembling amides.

                                  Amicability

   Am`i*ca*bil"i*ty  (#), n. The quality of being amicable; friendliness;
   amicableness. Ash.

                                   Amicable

   Am"i*ca*ble  (#),  a.  [L. amicabilis, fr. amicus friend, fr. amare to
   love.   See   Amiable.]  Friendly;  proceeding  from,  or  exhibiting,
   friendliness;  after the manner of friends; peaceable; as, an amicable
   disposition, or arrangement.

     That  which  was  most  remarkable  in  this  contest was . . . the
     amicable manner in which it was managed. Prideoux.

   Amicable action (Law.), an action commenced and prosecuted by amicable
   consent of the parties, for the purpose of obtaining a decision of the
   court  on  some  matter  of  law  involved in it. Bouvier. Burrill. --
   Amicable  numbers  (Math.), two numbers, each of which is equal to the
   sum  of  all  the  aliquot  parts  of  the  other.  Syn.  -- Friendly;
   peaceable;  kind;  harmonious. -- Amicable, Friendly. Neither of these
   words  denotes any great warmth of affection, since friendly has by no
   means  the  same  strength  as  its noun friendship. It does, however,
   imply  something  of  real  cordiality;  while  amicable supposes very
   little  more  than  that  the  parties referred to are not disposed to
   quarrel.  Hence, we speak of amicable relations between two countries,
   an  amicable adjustment of difficulties. "Those who entertain friendly
   feelings toward each other can live amicably together."

                                 Amicableness

   Am"i*ca*ble*ness (#), n. The quality of being amicable; amicability.

                                   Amicably

   Am"i*ca*bly, adv. In an amicable manner.

                                     Amice

   Am"ice  (#),  n.  [OE.  amyse, prob. for amyt, OF. amit, ameit, fr. L.
   amictus  cloak,  the word being confused with amice, almuce, a hood or
   cape.  See  next  word.]  A square of white linen worn at first on the
   head,  but  now  about the neck and shoulders, by priests of the Roman
   Catholic Church while saying Mass.

                                     Amice

   Am"ice,  n.  [OE.  amuce,  amisse, OF. almuce, aumuce, F. aumusse, LL.
   almucium,  almucia,  aumucia:  of unknown origin; cf. G. m\'81tze cap,
   prob. of the same origin. Cf. Mozetta.] (Eccl.) A hood, or cape with a
   hood,  made  of  lined  with gray fur, formerly worn by the clergy; --
   written also amess, amyss, and almuce.

                                     Amid

   A*mid" (#), prep. See Amidst.

                                     Amide

   Am"ide (?; 277), n. [Ammonia + -ide.] (Chem.) A compound formed by the
   union  of  amidogen  with  an  acid element or radical. It may also be
   regarded  as  ammonia  in  which  one or more hydrogen atoms have been
   replaced  by  an  acid atom or radical. Acid amide, a neutral compound
   formed by the substitution of the amido group for hydroxyl in an acid.

                                    Amidin

   Am"i*din (#), n. [Cf. F. amidine, fr. amido starch, fr. L. amylum, Gr.
   Meal.]  (Chem.)  Start  modified by heat so as to become a transparent
   mass, like horn. It is soluble in cold water.

                                     Amido

   A*mi"do  (#),  a.  [From  Amide.] (Chem.) Containing, or derived from,
   amidogen.  Amido  acid,  an  acid  in  which  a portion of the nonacid
   hydrogen  has  been  replaced  by the amido group. The amido acids are
   both basic and acid. -- Amido group, amidogen, NH2.

                                   Amidogen

   A*mid"o*gen  (#),  n. [Amide + -gen.] (Chem.) A compound radical, NH2,
   not yet obtained in a separate state, which may be regarded as ammonia
   from the molecule of which one of its hydrogen atoms has been removed;
   --  called also the amido group, and in composition represented by the
   form amido.

                                   Amidships

   A*mid"ships  (#), adv. (Naut.) In the middle of a ship, with regard to
   her length, and sometimes also her breadth. Totten.

                                 Amidst, Amid

   A*midst"  (#),  A*mid" (#), prep. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS.
   on  middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial
   ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a later addition, as
   in  whilst,  amongst,  alongst.  See  Mid.] In the midst or middle of;
   surrounded  or  encompassed  by;  among.  "This  fair  tree amidst the
   garden."  "Unseen  amid  the  throng."  "Amidst thick clouds." Milton.
   "Amidst acclamations." "Amidst the splendor and festivity of a court."
   Macaulay.

     But rather famish them amid their plenty. Shak.

   Syn.  --  Amidst,  Among.  These words differ to some extent from each
   other,  as  will  be  seen from their etymology. Amidst denotes in the
   midst or middle of, and hence surrounded by; as, this work was written
   amidst  many  interruptions.  Among  denotes a mingling or intermixing
   with  distinct  or  separable  objects;  as,  "He fell among thieves."
   "Blessed  art  thou  among  women."  Hence, we say, among the moderns,
   among   the  ancients,  among  the  thickest  of  trees,  among  these
   considerations, among the reasons I have to offer. Amid and amidst are
   commonly  used when the idea of separate or distinguishable objects is
   not  prominent.  Hence,  we say, they kept on amidst the storm, amidst
   the  gloom, he was sinking amidst the waves, he persevered amidst many
   difficulties;  in  none  of  which  cases could among be used. In like
   manner, Milton speaks of Abdiel, --

     The  seraph  Abdiel,  faithful  found; Among the faithless faithful
     only  he,  because he was then considered as one of the angels. But
     when the poet adds, --

     From  amidst  them  forth he passed, we have rather the idea of the
     angels as a collective body.

     Those  squalid cabins and uncleared woods amidst which he was born.
     Macaulay.

                                     Amine

     Am"ine  (?;  277),  n.  [Ammonia + -ine.] (Chem.) One of a class of
     strongly  basic  substances  derived from ammonia by replacement of
     one or more hydrogen atoms by a basic atom or radical.

                                    Amioid

     Am"i*oid  (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the Amioidei. --
     n. One of the Amioidei.

                                   Amioidei

     Am`i*oi"de*i  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr. Amia + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) An
     order  of  ganoid  fishes  of  which  Amis  is type. See Bowfin and
     Ganoidei.

                                     Amir

     A*mir" (#), n. Same as Ameer.

                                     Amiss

     A*miss"  (#), adv. [Pref. a- + miss.] Astray; faultily; improperly;
     wrongly; ill.

     What error drives our eyes and ears amiss? Shak.

     Ye ask and receive not, because ye ask amiss. James iv. 3.

     To take

   (an  act, thing) amiss, to impute a wrong motive to (an act or thing);
   to  take  offense  at'  to  take unkindly; as, you must not take these
   questions amiss. <-- p. 49 -->

                                     Amiss

   A*miss"  (#), a. Wrong; faulty; out of order; improper; as, it may not
   be amiss to ask advice.

     NOTE: [Used only in the predicate.]

   Dryden.

     His wisdom and virtue can not always rectify that which is amiss in
     himself or his circumstances. Wollaston.

                                     Amiss

   A*miss", n. A fault, wrong, or mistake. [Obs.]

     Each toy seems prologue to some great amiss. Shak.

                                 Amissibility

   A*mis`si*bil"i*ty (#), [Cf. F. amissibilit\'82. See Amit.] The quality
   of being amissible; possibility of being lost. [R.]

     Notions  of  popular rights and the amissibility of sovereign power
     for misconduct were alternately broached by the two great religious
     parties of Europe. Hallam.

                                   Amissible

   A*mis"si*ble  (#), a. [L. amissibilis: cf. F. amissible.] Liable to be
   lost. [R.]

                                   Amission

   A*mis"sion  (#),  n. [L. amissio: cf. F. amission.] Deprivation; loss.
   [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                     Amit

   A*mit"  (#), v. t. [L. amittere, amissum, to lose; a (ab) + mittere to
   send. See Missile.] To lose. [Obs.]

     A  lodestone  fired  doth  presently amit its proper virtue. Sir T.
     Browne.

                                     Amity

   Am"i*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Amities  (#).  [F. amiti\'82, OF. amisti\'82,
   amist\'82,  fr.  an assumed LL. amisitas, fr. L. amicus friendly, from
   amare  to  love. See Amiable.] Friendship, in a general sense, between
   individuals,   societies,   or   nations;   friendly  relations;  good
   understanding;  as,  a  treaty of amity and commerce; the amity of the
   Whigs and Tories.

     To live on terms of amity with vice. Cowper.

   Syn.  --  Harmony;  friendliness;  friendship;  affection;  good will;
   peace.

                                     Amma

   Am"ma  (#), n. [LL. amma, prob. of interjectional or imitative origin:
   cf.  Sp.  ama,  G.  amme,  nurse, Basque ama mother, Heb. , Ar. immun,
   ummun.] An abbes or spiritual mother.

                                    Ammeter

   Am"me*ter   (#),   n.   (Physics)  A  contraction  of  amperometer  or
   amp\'8aremeter.

                                    Ammiral

   Am"mi*ral (#), n. An obsolete form of admiral. "The mast of some great
   ammiral." Milton.

                                    Ammite

   Am"mite  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Geol.) O\'94lite or roestone; -- written also
   hammite. [Obs.]

                                   Ammodyte

   Am"mo*dyte (#), n. [L. ammodytes, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of a genus of
   fishes; the sand eel. (b) A kind of viper in southern Europe. [Obs.]

                                    Ammonia

   Am*mo"ni*a  (#), n. [From sal ammoniac, which was first obtaining near
   the  temple  of Jupiter Ammon, by burning camel's dung. See Ammoniac.]
   (Chem.)  A  gaseous  compound  of  hydrogen  and nitrogen, NH3, with a
   pungent  smell and taste: -- often called volatile alkali, and spirits
   of hartshorn.

                             Ammoniac, Ammoniacal

   Am*mo"ni*ac  (#),  Am`mo*ni"a*cal (#), a. Of or pertaining to ammonia,
   or  possessing  its  properties; as, an ammoniac salt; ammoniacal gas.
   Ammoniacal  engine, an engine in which the vapor of ammonia is used as
   the  motive  force.  --  Sal  ammoniac  [L.  sal ammoniacus], the salt
   usually called chloride of ammonium, and formerly muriate of ammonia.

                          Ammoniac [or] Gum ammoniac

   Am*mo"ni*ac (#) ([or] Gum` am*mo"ni*ac , n. [L. Ammoniacum, Gr. Ammon;
   cf.  F. ammoniac. See Ammonite.] (Med.) The concrete juice (gum resin)
   of  an  umbelliferous  plant,  the  Dorema  ammoniacum.  It is brought
   chiefly  from  Persia  in  the  form  of  yellowish tears, which occur
   singly,  or are aggregated into masses. It has a peculiar smell, and a
   nauseous,  sweet  taste,  followed by a bitter one. It is inflammable,
   partially  soluble  in  water  and  in  spirit of wine, and is used in
   medicine  as  an  expectorant  and resolvent, and for the formation of
   certain plasters.

                                  Ammoniated

   Am*mo"ni*a`ted (#), a. (Chem.) Combined or impregnated with ammonia.

                                    Ammonic

   Am*mo"nic (#), a. Of or pertaining to ammonia.

                                   Ammonite

   Am"mon*ite  (#),  n.  [L.  cornu  Ammonis born of Ammon; L. Ammon, Gr.
   Amun.]  (Paleon.)  A  fossil cephalopod shell related to the nautilus.
   There  are  many  genera and species, and all are extinct, the typical
   forms  having  existed  only  in  the  Mesozoic  age,  when  they were
   exceedingly  numerous.  They  differ  from  the  nautili in having the
   margins  of  the  septa  very much lobed or plaited, and the siphuncle
   dorsal. Also called serpent stone, snake stone, and cornu Ammonis.

                                Ammonitiferous

   Am`mon*i*tif"er*ous  (#),  a.  [Ammonite + -ferous.] Containing fossil
   ammonites.

                                 Ammonitoidea

   Am*mon`i*toid"e*a  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. Ammonite + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.)
   An  extensive  group  of  fossil  cephalopods  often  very abundant in
   Mesozoic rocks. See Ammonite.

                                   Ammonium

   Am*mo"ni*um  (#),  n.  [See Ammonia.] (Chem.) A compound radical, NH4,
   having  the  chemical  relations  of a strongly basic element like the
   alkali metals. <-- positive ion -->

                                  Ammunition

   Am`mu*ni"tion  (#),  n.  [F.  amunition, for munition, prob. caused by
   taking la munition as l'amunition. See Munition.]

   1.  Military stores, or provisions of all kinds for attack or defense.
   [Obs.]

   2.  Articles  used  in charging firearms and ordnance of all kinds; as
   powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, rockets, etc.

   3. Any stock of missiles, literal or figurative.
   Ammunition   bread,  shoes,  etc.,  such  as  are  contracted  for  by
   government, and supplied to the soldiers. [Eng.]

                                  Ammunition

   Am`mu*ni"tion  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ammunitioned (#); p pr. & vb.
   n. Ammunitioning.] To provide with ammunition.

                                    Amnesia

   Am*ne"si*a  (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Forgetfulness; also, a defect
   of  speech,  from  cerebral  disease, in which the patient substitutes
   wrong words or names in the place of those he wishes to employ. Quian.

                                    Amnesic

   Am*ne"sic  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Of  or pertaining to amnesia. "Amnesic or
   co\'94rdinate defects." Quian.

                                   Amnestic

   Am*nes"tic (#), a. Causing loss of memory.

                                    Amnesty

   Am"nes*ty  (#),  n.  [L. amnestia, Gr. amnistie, earlier amnestie. See
   Mean, v.]

   1. Forgetfulness; cessation of remembrance of wrong; oblivion.

   2.  An  act  of  the  sovereign  power granting oblivion, or a general
   pardon,   for   a  past  offense,  as  to  subjects  concerned  in  an
   insurrection.

                                    Amnesty

   Am"nes*ty,  v.  t.  [imp.  p.  p.  Amnestied  (#);  p.  pr.  &  vb. n.
   Amnestying.] To grant amnesty to.

                                  Amnicolist

   Am*nic"o*list  (#), n. [L. amnicola, amnis a river + colere to dwell.]
   One who lives near a river. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                  Amnigenous

   Am*nig"e*nous  (#),  a.  [L.  amnigena;  amnis  a  river + root gen of
   gignere  to  beget.]  Born  or  bred  in,  of, or near a river. [Obs.]
   Bailey.

                                    Amnion

   Am"ni*on  (#), n. [Gr. (Anat.) A thin membrane surrounding the embryos
   of mammals, birds, and reptiles.

                                    Amnios

   Am"ni*os (#), n. Same as Amnion.

                                    Amniota

   Am`ni*o"ta  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.  See Amnion.] (Zo\'94l.) That group of
   vertebrates  which  develops in its embryonic life the envelope called
   the amnion. It comprises the reptiles, the birds, and the mammals.

                                   Amniotic

   Am`ni*ot"ic  (#),  a. [Cf. F. amniotique.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to
   the  amnion;  characterized  by an amnion; as, the amniotic fluid; the
   amniotic sac. Amniotic acid. (Chem.) [R.] See Allantoin.

                                   Am\'d2ba

   A*m\'d2"ba (#), n; pl. L. Am\'d2b\'91 (#); E. Am\'d2bas (#). [NL., fr.
   Gr.   (Zo\'94l.)  A  rhizopod.  common  in  fresh  water,  capable  of
   undergoing many changes of form at will. See Rhizopoda.

                                 Am\'d2b\'91um

   Am`\'d2*b\'91"um  (#), n. [L. am\'d2baeus, Gr. amoebaeum carmen, Gr. A
   poem  in which persons are represented at speaking alternately; as the
   third and seventh eclogues of Virgil.

                                   Am\'d2bea

   Am`\'d2*be"a  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.]  (Zo\'94l.)  That  division  of the
   Rhizopoda which includes the am\'d2ba and similar forms.

                                  Am\'d2bean

   Am`\'d2*be"an (#), a. Alternately answering.

                                  Am\'d2bian

   A*m\'d2"bi*an (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Am\'d2bea.

                           Am\'d2biform, Am\'d2boid

   A*m\'d2"bi*form  (#), A*m\'d2"boid (#), a. [Am\'d2ba + -form or -oid.]
   (Biol.)  Resembling  an  am\'d2ba;  am\'d2ba-shaped; changing in shape
   like  an  am\'d2ba.  Am\'d2boid movement, movement produced, as in the
   am\'d2ba, by successive processes of prolongation and retraction.

                                  Am\'d2bous

   A*m\'d2"bous (#), a. Like an am\'d2ba in structure.

                                   Amolition

   Am`o*li"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  amolitio, fr. amoliri to remove; a (ab) +
   moliri  to  put  in  motion.] Removal; a putting away. [Obs.] Bp. Ward
   (1673).

                                    Amomum

   A*mo"mum  (#),  n.  [L., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of aromatic plants. It
   includes species which bear cardamoms, and grains of paradise.

                                   Amoneste

   A*mon"este (#), v. t. To admonish. [Obs.]

                                Among, Amongst

   A*mong"  (#),  A*mongst"  (#),  prep.  [OE. amongist, amonges, amonge,
   among,  AS.  onmang,  ongemang, gemang, in a crowd or mixture. For the
   ending -st see Amidst. See Mingle.]

   1. Mixed or mingled; surrounded by.

     They heard, And from his presence hid themselves among The thickest
     trees. Milton.

   2.  Conjoined, or associated with, or making part of the number of; in
   the number or class of.

     Blessed art thou among women. Luke i. 28.

   3.  Expressing  a  relation of dispersion, distribution, etc.; also, a
   relation of reciprocal action.

     What news among the merchants? Shak.

     Human sacrifices were practiced among them. Hume.

     Divide that gold amongst you. Marlowe.

     Whether  they  quarreled among themselves, or with their neighbors.
     Addison.

   Syn. -- Amidst; between. See Amidst, Between.

                                  Amontillado

   A*mon`til*la"do  (#), n. [Sp.] A dry kind of cherry, of a light color.
   Simmonds.

                                    Amoret

   Am"o*ret (#), n. [OF. amorette, F. amourette, dim. of amour.]

   1. An amorous girl or woman; a wanton. [Obs.] J. Warton.

   2.  A  love knot, love token, or love song. (pl.) Love glances or love
   tricks. [Obs.]

   3. A petty love affair or amour. [Obs.]

                                   Amorette

   Am"o*rette" (#), n. An amoret. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

                                    Amorist

   Am"o*rist  (#),  n.  [L. armor love. See Amorous.] A lover; a gallant.
   [R.] Milton.

     It  was  the  custom  for  an  amorist  to  impress the name of his
     mistress  in  the  dust, or upon the damp earth, with letters fixed
     upon his shoe. Southey.

                                  A-mornings

   A-morn"ings  (#),  adv. [See Amorwe. The -s is a genitival ending. See
   -wards.] In the morning; every morning. [Obs.]

     And  have  such  pleasant  walks  into  the  woods  A-mornings.  J.
     Fletcher.

                                    Amorosa

   Am`o*ro"sa  (#),  n.  [It.  amoroso,  fem. amorosa.] A wanton woman; a
   courtesan. Sir T. Herbert.

                                   Amorosity

   Am`o*ros"i*ty  (#),  n. The quality of being amorous; lovingness. [R.]
   Galt.

                                    Amoroso

   Am`o*ro"so  (#),  n.  [It.  amoroso,  LL.  amorosus.]  A  lover; a man
   enamored.

                                    Amoroso

   Am`o*ro"so, adv. [It.] (Mus.) In a soft, tender, amatory style.

                                    Amorous

   Am"o*rous  (#),  a. [OF. amoros, F. amoreux, LL. amorosus, fr. L. amor
   love, fr. amare to love.]

   1.  Inclined  to  love;  having  a  propensity  to  love, or to sexual
   enjoyment; loving; fond; affectionate; as, an amorous disposition.

   2. Affected with love; in love; enamored; -- usually with of; formerly
   with on.

     Thy roses amorous of the moon. Keats.

     High nature amorous of the good. Tennyson.

     Sure my brother is amorous on Hero. Shak.

   3. Of or relating to, or produced by, love. "Amorous delight." Milton.
   "Amorous  airs."  Waller.  Syn.  --  Loving; fond; tender; passionate;
   affectionate; devoted; ardent.

                                   Amorously

   Am"o*rous*ly, adv. In an amorous manner; fondly.

                                  Amorousness

   Am"o*rous*ness, n. The quality of being amorous, or inclined to sexual
   love; lovingness.

                                    Amorpha

   A*mor"pha (#), n.; pl. Amorphas (#). [Gr. (Bot.) A genus of leguminous
   shrubs,  having  long  clusters  of  purple  flowers; false or bastard
   indigo. Longfellow.

                                   Amorphism

   A*mor"phism  (#), n. [See Amorphous.] A state of being amorphous; esp.
   a  state  of  being  without  crystallization  even  in  the  minutest
   particles, as in glass, opal, etc.

     NOTE: There ar e st ony su bstances wh ich, when fused, may cool as
     glass  or  as  stone;  the  glass  state is spoken of as a state of
     amorphism.

                                   Amorphous

   A*mor"phous (#), a. [Gr.

   1. Having no determinate form; of irregular; shapeless. Kirwan.

   2.  Without  crystallization  in  the  ultimate  texture  of  a  solid
   substance; uncrystallized.

   3. Of no particular kind or character; anomalous.

     Scientific  treatises  .  .  . are not seldom rude and amorphous in
     style. Hare.

   -- A*mor"phous*ly, adv. -- A*mor"phous*ness, n.

                                  Amorphozoa

   A*mor`pho*zo"a  (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Animals without a
   mouth or regular internal organs, as the sponges.

                                  Amorphozoic

   A*mor`pho*zo"ic (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Amorphozoa.

                                    Amorphy

   A*mor"phy (#), n. [Gr. amorphie. See Amorphous.] Shapelessness. [Obs.]
   Swift.

                                     Amort

   A*mort"  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  + F. mort death, dead; all amort is for
   alamort.] As if dead; lifeless; spiritless; dejected; depressed. Shak.

         Amortise, v., Amortisation, n., Amortisable, a., Amortisement

   A*mor"tise (#), v., A*mor`ti*sa"tion (#), n., A*mor"tis*a*ble (#), a.,
   A*mor"tise*ment (#), n. Same as Amortize, Amortization, etc.

                                  Amortizable

   A*mor"tiz*a*ble  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  amortissable.]  Capable  of being
   cleared off, as a debt.

                                 Amortization

   A*mor`ti*za"tion (#), n. [LL. amortisatio, admortizatio. See Amortize,
   and cf. Admortization.]

   1.  (Law) The act or right of alienating lands to a corporation, which
   was  considered  formerly  as  transferring  them to dead hands, or in
   mortmain.

   2. The extinction of a debt, usually by means of a sinking fund; also,
   the money thus paid. Simmonds.

                                   Amortize

   A*mor"tize  (#), v. t. [OE. amortisen, LL. amortisare, admortizare, F.
   amortir  to  sell  in mortmain, to extinguish; L. ad + mors death. See
   Mortmain].

   1. To make as if dead; to destroy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. (Law) To alienate in mortmain, that is, to convey to a corporation.
   See Mortmain.

   3.  To  clear  off  or  extinguish,  as  a debt, usually by means of a
   sinking fund.

                                 Amortizement

   A*mor"tize*ment (#), n. [F. amortissement.] Same as Amortization.

                                    Amorwe

   A*mor"we (#), adv. [Pref. a- on + OE. morwe. See Morrow.]

   1. In the morning. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. On the following morning. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Amotion

   A*mo"tion (#), n. [L. amotio. See Amove.]

   1.  Removal;  ousting;  especially, the removal of a corporate officer
   from his office.

   2. Deprivation of possession.

                                    Amotus

   A*mo"tus  (#), a. [L., withdrawn (from it (Zo\'94l.) Elevated, -- as a
   toe, when raised so high that the tip does not touch the ground.

                                    Amount

   A*mount"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Amounted;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Amounting.]  [OF.  amonter  to  increase,  advance,  ascend, fr. amont
   (equiv.  to  L.  ad  montem  to  the mountain) upward, F. amont up the
   river. See Mount, n.]

   1. To go up; to ascend. [Obs.]

     So up he rose, and thence amounted straight. Spenser.

   2.  To  rise  or  reach  by  an  accumulation  of  particular  sums or
   quantities;  to  come  (to)  in  the aggregate or whole; -- with to or
   unto.

   3. To rise, reach, or extend in effect, substance, or influence; to be
   equivalent;  to  come  practically  (to); as, the testimony amounts to
   very little.

                                    Amount

   A*mount", v. t. To signify; to amount to. [Obs.]

                                    Amount

   A*mount", n.

   1. The sum total of two or more sums or quantities; the aggregate; the
   whole  quantity;  a  totality;  as,  the  amount of 7 and 9 is 16; the
   amount of a bill; the amount of this year's revenue.

   2. The effect, substance, value, significance, or result; the sum; as,
   the amount of the testimony is this.

     The whole amount of that enormous fame. Pope.

                                     Amour

   A*mour" (#), n. [F., fr. L. amor love.]

   1. Love; affection. [Obs.]

   2.  Love  making;  a  love  affair; usually, an unlawful connection in
   love; a love intrigue; an illicit love affair.
   In amours with, in love with. [Obs.]
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   Page 50

                                 Amour propre

   A"mour` pro"pre (#). [F.] Self-love; self-esteem.

                                  Amovability

   A*mov`a*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  Liability  to be removed or dismissed from
   office. [R.] T. Jefferson.

                                   Amovable

   A*mov"a*ble (#), a. [Cf. F. amovible.] Removable.

                                     Amove

   A*move"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  amovere; a- (ab) + movere to move: cf. OF.
   amover.]

   1.  To  remove,  as  a person or thing, from a position. [Obs.] Dr. H.
   More.

   2. (Law) To dismiss from an office or station.

                                     Amove

   A*move", v. t. & i. [OE. amovir, L. admovere to move to, to excite; ad
   + movere.] To move or be moved; to excite. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                   Ampelite

   Am"pe*lite  (#),  n.  [L.  ampelitis, Gr. (Min.) An earth abounding in
   pyrites,  used  by  the  ancients  to kill insects, etc., on vines; --
   applied by Brongniart to a carbonaceous alum schist.

                               Amp\'8are, Ampere

   Am`p\'8are"  (#),  Am*pere"  (#),  n.  [From  the  name  of  a  French
   electrician.]  (Elec.) The unit of electric current; -- defined by the
   International Electrical Congress in 1893 and by U. S. Statute as, one
   tenth   of   the   unit   of  current  of  the  C.  G.  S.  system  of
   electro-magnetic  units,  or the practical equivalent of the unvarying
   current  which,  when passed through a standard solution of nitrate of
   silver  in  water,  deposits  silver at the rate of 0.001118 grams per
   second. Called also the international amp\'8are.

                          Amp\'8aremeter, Amperometer

   Am`p\'8are"me`ter  (#),  Am`pe*rom"e*ter  (#), n. [Amp\'8are + meter.]
   (Physics)  An  instrument  for measuring the strength of an electrical
   current in amp\'8ares.

                                   Ampersand

   Am"per*sand  (#),  n.  [A  corruption  of and, per se and, i. e., & by
   itself makes and.] A word used to describe the character Halliwell.

                                    Amphi-

   Am*phi-.  [Gr.  A prefix in words of Greek origin, signifying both, of
   both kinds, on both sides, about, around.

                                Amphiarthrodial

   Am`phi*ar*thro"di*al    (#),   a.   [Pref.   amphi-   +   arthrodial.]
   Characterized by amphiarthrosis.

                                Amphiarthrosis

   Am`phi*ar*thro"sis   (#),   n.   [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Anat.)  A  form  of
   articulation in which the bones are connected by intervening substance
   admitting slight motion; symphysis.

                                  Amphiaster

   Am"phi*as`ter  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr. Gr. (Biol.) The achromatic figure,
   formed in mitotic cell-division, consisting of two asters connected by
   a  spindle-shaped  bundle of rodlike fibers diverging from each aster,
   and called the spindle.

                                   Amphibia

   Am*phib"i*a (#), n. pl. [See Amphibium.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the classes
   of vertebrates.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e Am phibia ar e distinguished by having usually no
     scales,  by having eggs and embryos similar to those of fishes, and
     by  undergoing  a  complete  metamorphosis, the young having gills.
     There  are  three  living  orders:  (1)  The tailless, as the frogs
     (Anura);  (2)  The  tailed  (Urodela),  as the salamanders, and the
     siren group (Sirenoidea), which retain the gills of the young state
     (hence  called  Perennibranchiata)  through  the adult state, among
     which  are  the  siren,  proteus,  etc.;  (3)  The C\'d2cilians, or
     serpentlike  Amphibia  (Ophiomorpha  or  Gymnophiona),  with minute
     scales and without limbs. The extinct Labyrinthodonts also belonged
     to  this  class.  The  term  is  sometimes  loosely applied to both
     reptiles and amphibians collectively.

                                   Amphibial

   Am*phib"i*al (-al), a. & n. Amphibian. [R.]

                                   Amphibian

   Am*phib"i*an  (-an),  a.  (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Amphibia;
   as, amphibian reptiles.

                                   Amphibian

   Am*phib"i*an, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Amphibia.

                                Amphibiological

   Am*phib`i*o*log"ic*al (#), a. Pertaining to amphibiology.

                                 Amphibiology

   Am*phib`i*ol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -logy:  cf.  F.  amphibiologie.]  A
   treatise  on  amphibious  animals;  the  department of natural history
   which treats of the Amphibia.

                                 Amphibiotica

   Am*phib`i*ot"i*ca  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of
   insects having aquatic larv\'91.

                                  Amphibious

   Am*phib"i*ous (#), a. [Gr. i. e., both on land in water;

   1.  Having  the  ability  to live both on land and in water, as frogs,
   crocodiles, beavers, and some plants.

   2. Pertaining to, adapted for, or connected with, both land and water.

     The amphibious character of the Greeks was already determined: they
     were to be lords of land and sea. Hare.

   3. Of a mixed nature; partaking of two natures.

     Not  in  free and common socage, but in this amphibious subordinate
     class of villein socage. Blackstone.

                                 Amphibiously

   Am*phib"i*ous*ly, adv. Like an amphibious being.

                                   Amphibium

   Am*phib"i*um  (#),  n.;  pl. L. Amphibia (#); E. Amphibiums (#). [NL.,
   fr. Gr. Amphibious.] An amphibian.

                                 Amphiblastic

   Am`phi*blas"tic  (#), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Segmenting unequally; -- said of
   telolecithal ova with complete segmentation.

                                   Amphibole

   Am"phi*bole  (#),  n.  [Gr. amphibole. Ha\'81y so named the genus from
   the  great  variety  of color and composition assumed by the mineral.]
   (Min.)  A common mineral embracing many varieties varying in color and
   in  composition.  It  occurs  in  monoclinic  crystals;  also massive,
   generally  with  fibrous  or columnar structure. The color varies from
   white  to gray, green, brown, and black. It is a silicate of magnesium
   and  calcium,  with  usually aluminium and iron. Some common varieties
   are  tremolite,  actinolite,  asbestus,  edenite, hornblende (the last
   name  being  also  used  as  a  general  term  for the whole species).
   Amphibole  is  a  constituent  of  many crystalline rocks, as syenite,
   diorite, most varieties of trachyte, etc. See Hornblende.

                                  Amphibolic

   Am`phi*bol"ic (#), a.

   1. Of or pertaining to amphiboly; ambiguous; equivocal.

   2. Of or resembling the mineral amphibole.

                                Amphibological

   Am*phib`o*log"ic*al   (#),   a.   Of   doubtful   meaning;  ambiguous.
   "Amphibological  expressions." Jer. Taylor. -- Am*phib`o*log"ic*al*ly,
   adv.

                                  Amphibology

   Am`phi*bol"o*gy  (#), n.; pl. Amphibologies (#). [L. amphibologia, for
   amphibolia,  fr. Gr. logia as if fr. Gr. amphibologie. See Amphiboly.]
   A    phrase,   discourse,   or   proposition,   susceptible   of   two
   interpretations;  and  hence,  of  uncertain  meaning. It differs from
   equivocation, which arises from the twofold sense of a single term.

                                  Amphibolous

   Am*phib"o*lous (#), a. [L. amphibolus, Gr. Amphibole.]

   1. Ambiguous; doubtful. [Obs.]

     Never  was  there  such  an  amphibolous  quarrel  --  both parties
     declaring themselves for the king. Howell.

   2. (Logic) Capable of two meanings.

     An amphibolous sentence is one that is capable of two meanings, not
     from  the  double sense of any of the words, but from its admitting
     of  a  double  construction;  e. g., "The duke yet lives that Henry
     shall depose." Whately.

                                   Amphiboly

   Am*phib"o*ly  (#),  n.;  pl.  Amphibolies  (#).  [L.  amphibolia,  Gr.
   amphibolie. See Amphibolous.] Ambiguous discourse; amphibology.

     If  it  oracle contrary to our interest or humor, we will create an
     amphiboly, a double meaning where there is none. Whitlock.

                                  Amphibranch

   Am"phi*branch  (#), n. [L. (Anc. Pros.) A foot of three syllables, the
   middle  one  long,  the first and last short (as, h. In modern prosody
   the  accented  syllable takes the place of the long and the unaccented
   of the short; as, pro-phet\'b6ic.

                           Amphicarpic, Amphicarpous

   Am`phi*car"pic  (#),  Am`phi*car"pous  (#),  a.  [Gr. (Bot.) Producing
   fruit of two kinds, either as to form or time of ripening.

                                  Amphichroic

   Am`phi*chro"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Chem.)  Exhibiting  or  producing two
   colors, as substances which in the color test may change red litmus to
   blue and blue litmus to red.

Amphic Am`phi*c (#), Am`phi*c (#), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having both ends concave;
                      biconcave; -- said of vertebr\'91.

                                   Amphicome

   Am"phi*come  (#),  n.  [Gr.  A kind of figured stone, rugged and beset
   with eminences, anciently used in divination. [Obs.] Encyc. Brit.

                                 Amphictyonic

   Am*phic`ty*on"ic  (#),  a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to the Amphictyons or
   their  League  or  Council;  as,  an  Amphictyonic  town or state; the
   Amphictyonic body. W. Smith.

                                  Amphictyons

   Am*phic"ty*ons  (#),  n.  pl.  [L.  Amphictyones,  Gr. (Grecian Hist.)
   Deputies  from the confederated states of ancient Greece to a congress
   or council. They considered both political and religious matters.

                                  Amphictyony

   Am*phic"ty*o*ny (#), n.; pl. Amphictyonies (#). [Gr. (Grecian Hist.) A
   league  of states of ancient Greece; esp. the celebrated confederation
   known  as  the  Amphictyonic  Council.  Its object was to maintain the
   common interests of Greece.

                                    Amphid

   Am"phid  (#),  n. [Gr. amphide.] (Chem.) A salt of the class formed by
   the  combination of an acid and a base, or by the union of two oxides,
   two  sulphides,  selenides,  or  tellurides,  as  distinguished from a
   haloid compound. [R.] Berzelius.

                                   Amphidisc

   Am"phi*disc (#), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar small siliceous spicule
   having  a  denticulated  wheel  at  each  end;  -- found in freshwater
   sponges.

                                 Amphidromical

   Am`phi*drom"ic*al  (#), a. [Gr. Pertaining to an Attic festival at the
   naming  of  a  child;  -- so called because the friends of the parents
   carried the child around the hearth and then named it.

                                  Amphigamous

   Am*phig"a*mous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  Having  a  structure  entirely
   cellular,  and  no  distinct  sexual  organs;  -- a term applied by De
   Candolle to the lowest order of plants.

                                   Amphigean

   Am`phi*ge"an  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Extending  over  all the zones, from the
   tropics to the polar zones inclusive.

                                   Amphigen

   Am"phi*gen (#), n. [Gr. -gen: cf. F. amphig\'8ane.] (Chem.) An element
   that  in  combination produces amphid salt; -- applied by Berzelius to
   oxygen, sulphur, selenium, and tellurium. [R.]

                                   Amphigene

   Am"phi*gene (#), n. (Min.) Leucite.

                                 Amphigenesis

   Am`phi*gen"e*sis (#), n. [Gr. (Biol.) Sexual generation; amphigony.

                                  Amphigenous

   Am*phig"e*nous  (#),  a.  (Bot.)  Increasing  in size by growth on all
   sides, as the lichens.

                                  Amphigonic

   Am`phi*gon"ic  (#), a. Pertaining to amphigony; sexual; as, amphigonic
   propagation. [R.]

                                  Amphigonous

   Am*phig"o*nous (#), a. [Gr. Relating to both parents. [R.]

                                   Amphigony

   Am*phig"o*ny (#), n. Sexual propagation. [R.]

                                  Amphigoric

   Am`phi*gor"ic (#), a. [See Amphigory.] Nonsensical; absurd; pertaining
   to an amphigory.

                                   Amphigory

   Am"phi*go*ry  (#),  n.  [F. amphigouri, of uncertain derivation; perh.
   fr. Gr. A nonsense verse; a rigmarole, with apparent meaning, which on
   further attention proves to be meaningless. [Written also amphigouri.]

                            Amphilogism, Amphilogy

   Am*phil"o*gism  (#),  Am*phil"o*gy  (#),  n. [Gr. -logy.] Ambiguity of
   speech; equivocation. [R.]

                                  Amphimacer

   Am*phim"a*cer (#), n. [L. amphimacru, Gr. (Anc. Pros.) A foot of three
   syllables,  the  middle  one short and the others long, as in c\'best.
   Andrews. 

                                  Amphineura

   Am`phi*neu"ra  (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of Mollusca
   remarkable   for   the  bilateral  symmetry  of  the  organs  and  the
   arrangement of the nerves.

                                   Amphioxus

   Am`phi*ox"us  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A fishlike creature
   (Amphioxus   lanceolatus),   two   or  three  inches  long,  found  in
   temperature  seas; -- also called the lancelet. Its body is pointed at
   both  ends.  It is the lowest and most generalized of the vertebrates,
   having  neither brain, skull, vertebr\'91, nor red blood. It forms the
   type of the group Acrania, Leptocardia, etc.

                                  Amphipneust

   Am*phip"neust  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  One of a tribe of Amphibia,
   which  have  both lungs and gills at the same time, as the proteus and
   siren.

                                   Amphipod

   Am"phi*pod (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Amphipoda.

                             Amphipod, Amphipodan

   Am"phi*pod  (#),  Am*phip"o*dan (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to
   the Amphipoda.

                                   Amphipoda

   Am*phip"o*da  (#), n. pl. [NL., FR. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A numerous group of
   fourteen  --  footed  Crustacea, inhabiting both fresh and salt water.
   The  body  is  usually compressed laterally, and the anterior pairs or
   legs  are  directed  downward  and forward, but the posterior legs are
   usually  turned upward and backward. The beach flea is an example. See
   Tetradecapoda and Arthrostraca.

                                  Amphipodous

   Am*phip"o*dous (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Amphipoda.

                                 Amphiprostyle

   Am*phip"ro*style  (#),  a.  [L. amphiprostylos, Gr. amphiprostyle. See
   Prostyle.]  (Arch.)  Doubly  prostyle; having columns at each end, but
   not at the sides. -- n. An amphiprostyle temple or edifice.

                                  Amphirhina

   Am`phi*rhi"na  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A name applied to
   the elasmobranch fishes, because the nasal sac is double.

                                 Amphisb\'91na

   Am`phis*b\'91"na (#), n. [L., fr. Gr.

   1.  A  fabled  serpent  with  a  head  at each end, moving either way.
   Milton.

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  genus  of  harmless  lizards,  serpentlike in form,
   without  legs,  and  with  both ends so much alike that they appear to
   have  a head at each, and ability to move either way. See Illustration
   in Appendix.

     NOTE: &hand; The Gordius aquaticus, or hairworm, has been called an
     amphisb\'91na; but it belongs among the worms.

                                Amphisb\'91noid

   Am`phis*b\'91"noid   (#),   a.  [NL.,  fr.  L.  amphisbaena  +  -oid.]
   (Zo\'94l.)   Like   or   pertaining   to  the  lizards  of  the  genus
   Amphisb\'91na.

                            Amphiscii, Amphiscians

   Am*phis"ci*i  (#),  Am*phis"cians  (#), n. pl. [Gr. The inhabitants of
   the  tropic,  whose  shadows  in  one part of the year are cast to the
   north, and in the other to the south, according as the sun is south or
   north of their zenith.

                                 Amphistomous

   Am*phis"to*mous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  Having  a  sucker at each
   extremity, as certain entozoa, by means of which they adhere.

                                  Amphistylic

   Am`phi*sty"lic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Anat.)  Having  the  mandibular  arch
   articulated with the hyoid arch and the cranium, as in the cestraciont
   sharks; -- said of a skull.

                          Amphitheater, Amphitheatre

   Am`phi*the"a*ter, Am`phi*the"a*tre, (#), n. [L. amphitheatrum, fr. Gr.
   amphith\'82\'83tre. See Theater.]

   1.  An  oval  or circular building with rising tiers of seats about an
   open space called the arena.

     NOTE: &hand; The Romans first constructed amphitheaters for combats
     of gladiators and wild beasts.

   2. Anything resembling an amphitheater in form; as, a level surrounded
   by rising slopes or hills, or a rising gallery in a theater.

                                 Amphitheatral

   Am`phi*the"a*tral    (#),    a.    [L.    amphitheatralis:    cf.   F.
   amphith\'82\'83tral.] Amphitheatrical; resembling an amphitheater.

                        Amphitheatric, Amphitheatrical

   Am`phi*the*at"ric    (#),    Am`phi*the*at"ric*al    (#),    a.    [L.
   amphitheatricus.]  Of,  pertaining to, exhibited in, or resembling, an
   amphitheater.

                               Amphitheatrically

   Am`phi*the*at"ric*al*ly,   adv.   In   the   form   or  manner  of  an
   amphitheater.

                                  Amphitrocha

   Am*phit"ro*cha  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of annelid
   larva having both a dorsal and a ventral circle of special cilia.

                           Amphitropal, Amphitropous

   Am*phit"ro*pal  (#),  Am*phit"ro*pous  (#),  a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having the
   ovule  inverted,  but with the attachment near the middle of one side;
   half anatropous.
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   Page 51

                                   Amphiuma

   Am`phi*u"ma  (#),  n. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of amphibians, inhabiting the
   Southern  United  States,  having  a  serpentlike  form, but with four
   minute limbs and two persistent gill openings; the Congo snake.

                                 Amphopeptone

   Am`pho*pep"tone (#), n. [Gr. peptone.] (Physiol.) A product of gastric
   digestion, a mixture of hemipeptone and antipeptone.

                                    Amphora

   Am"pho*ra (#), n.; pl. Amophor\'91 (#). [L., fr. Gr. Ampul.] Among the
   ancients,  a  two-handled  vessel,  tapering  at  the bottom, used for
   holding wine, oil, etc.

                                   Amphoral

   Am"pho*ral  (#),  a. [L. amphoralis.] Pertaining to, or resembling, an
   amphora.

                                   Amphoric

   Am*phor"ic  (#), a. (Med.) Produced by, or indicating, a cavity in the
   lungs,  not  filled,  and giving a sound like that produced by blowing
   into an empty decanter; as, amphoric respiration or resonance.

                                  Amphoteric

   Am`pho*ter"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr. Partly one and partly the other; neither
   acid nor alkaline; neutral. [R.] Smart.

                                     Ample

   Am"ple  (#),  a. [F. ample, L. amplus, prob. for ambiplus full on both
   sides,  the  last  syllable  akin to L. plenus full. See Full, and cf.
   Double.]  Large;  great  in size, extent, capacity, or bulk; spacious;
   roomy; widely extended.

     All  the  people  in  that  ample house Did to that image bow their
     humble knees. Spenser.

   2. Fully sufficient; abundant; liberal; copious; as, an ample fortune;
   ample justice.

   3.  Not  contracted of brief; not concise; extended; diffusive; as, an
   ample  narrative.  Johnson.  Syn.  -- Full; spacious; extensive; wide;
   capacious;  abundant;  plentiful; plenteous; copious; bountiful; rich;
   liberal;  munificent.  --  Ample,  Copious, Abundant, Plenteous. These
   words  agree  in  representing  a  thing as large, but under different
   relations,  according  to  the  image  which  is  used.  Ample implies
   largeness,  producing  a  sufficiency  or fullness of supply for every
   want;  as, ample stores or resources, ample provision. Copious carries
   with  it  the  idea of flow, or of collection at a single point; as, a
   copious  supply  of  materials.  "Copious  matter of my song." Milton.
   Abundant  and  plenteous  refer to largeness of quantity; as, abundant
   stores; plenteous harvests.

                                  Amplectant

   Am*plec"tant  (#),  a.  [L.  amplecti  to  embrace.] (Bot.) Clasping a
   support; as, amplectant tendrils. Gray.

                                   Ampleness

   Am"ple*ness  (#),  n.  The state or quality of being ample; largeness;
   fullness; completeness.

                                  Amplexation

   Am`plex*a"tion (#), n. [L. amplexari to embrace.] An embrace. [Obs.]

     An humble amplexation of those sacred feet. Bp. Hall.

                                  Amplexicaul

   Am*plex"i*caul (#), a. [L. amplexus, p. p. of amplecti to encircle, to
   embrace  +  caulis  stem:  cf.  F.  amplexicaule.]  (Bot.) Clasping or
   embracing a stem, as the base of some leaves. Gray.

                                   Ampliate

   Am"pli*ate  (#), v. t. [L. ampliatus, p. p. of ampliare to make wider,
   fr. amplus. See Ample.] To enlarge. [R.]

     To  maintain  and ampliate the external possessions of your empire.
     Udall.

                                   Ampliate

   Am"pli*ate (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the outer edge prominent; said of
   the wings of insects.

                                  Ampliation

   Am`pli*a"tion (#), n. [L. ampliatio: cf. F. ampliation.]

   1. Enlargement; amplification. [R.]

   2.  (Civil Law) A postponement of the decision of a cause, for further
   consideration or re-argument.

                                  Ampliative

   Am"pli*a*tive (#), a. (Logic) Enlarging a conception by adding to that
   which is already known or received.

     "All bodies possess power of attraction" is an ampliative judgment;
     because  we  can  think of bodies without thinking of attraction as
     one of their immediate primary attribute. Abp. W. Thomson.

                                  Amplificate

   Am*plif"i*cate  (#), v. t. [L. amplificatus, p. p. of amplificare.] To
   amplify. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                 Amplification

   Am`pli*fi*ca"tion (#), n. [L. amplificatio.]

   1.  The  act  of  amplifying  or enlarging in dimensions; enlargement;
   extension.

   2.  (Rhet.)  The  enlarging  of a simple statement by particularity of
   description, the use of epithets, etc., for rhetorical effect; diffuse
   narrative  or description, or a dilating upon all the particulars of a
   subject.

     Exaggeration is a species of amplification. Brande & C.

     I  shall  summarily, without any amplification at all, show in what
     manner defects have been supplied. Sir J. Davies.

   3.  The  matter by which a statement is amplified; as, the subject was
   presented without amplifications.

                                 Amplificative

   Am*plif"i*ca*tive (#), a. Amplificatory.

                                 Amplificatory

   Am*plif"i*ca*to*ry   (#),   a.   Serving   to   amplify   or  enlarge;
   amplificative. Morell.

                                   Amplifier

   Am"pli*fi`er (#), n. One who or that which amplifies.

                                    Amplify

   Am"pli*fy  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Amplified (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Amplifying.] [F. amplifier, L. amplificare. See Ample, -fy.]

   1.  To render larger, more extended, or more intense, and the like; --
   used especially of telescopes, microscopes, etc.

   2. (Rhet.) To enlarge by addition or discussion; to treat copiously by
   adding particulars, illustrations, etc.; to expand; to make much of.

     Troilus  and  Cressida  was  written  by a Lombard author, but much
     amplified by our English translator. Dryden.

                                    Amplify

   Am"pli*fy (#), v. i.

   1. To become larger. [Obs.]

     Strait  was  the  way at first, withouten light, But further in did
     further amplify. Fairfax.

   2.  To  speak  largely  or  copiously;  to  be  diffuse in argument or
   description; to dilate; to expatiate; -- often with on or upon. Watts.

     He  must  often  enlarge  and  amplify upon the subject he handles.
     South.

                                   Amplitude

   Am"pli*tude  (#),  n. [L. amplitudo, fr. amplus: cf. F. amplitude. See
   Ample.]

   1.  State  of  being  ample;  extent of surface or space; largeness of
   dimensions; size.

     The  cathedral  of  Lincoln  .  .  .  is  a  magnificent structure,
     proportionable to the amplitude of the diocese. Fuller.

   2. Largeness, in a figurative sense; breadth; abundance; fullness. (a)
   Of  extent  of  capacity  or intellectual powers. "Amplitude of mind."
   Milton. "Amplitude of comprehension." Macaulay. (b) Of extent of means
   or resources. "Amplitude of reward." Bacon.

   3.  (Astron.) (a) The arc of the horizon between the true east or west
   point  and the center of the sun, or a star, at its rising or setting.
   At  the rising, the amplitude is eastern or ortive: at the setting, it
   is  western,  occiduous, or occasive. It is also northern or southern,
   when north or south of the equator. (b) The arc of the horizon between
   the  true  east  or  west  point  and  the foot of the vertical circle
   passing through any star or object.

   4.  (Gun.)  The horizontal line which measures the distance to which a
   projectile is thrown; the range.

   5. (Physics) The extent of a movement measured from the starting point
   or  position  of  equilibrium;  --  applied  especially  to  vibratory
   movements.

   6.  (math.) An angle upon which the value of some function depends; --
   a term used more especially in connection with elliptic functions.
   Magnetic  amplitude,  the angular distance of a heavenly body, when on
   the  horizon, from the magnetic east or west point as indicated by the
   compass.   The  difference  between  the  magnetic  and  the  true  or
   astronomical  amplitude  (see  3  above)  is  the  "variation  of  the
   compass."

                                     Amply

   Am"ply (#), adv. In an ample manner.

                                     Ampul

   Am"pul  (#), n. [AS. ampella, ampolla, L. ampulla: cf. OF. ampolle, F.
   ampoule.] Same as Ampulla, 2.

                                    Ampulla

   Am*pul"la, n.; pl. Ampull\'91 (#). [L. ]

   1.  (Rom.  Antiq.)  A  narrow-necked  vessel  having  two  handles and
   bellying out like a jug.

   2. (Eccl.) (a) A cruet for the wine and water at Mass. (b) The vase in
   which  the  holy  oil  for  chrism,  unction,  or  coronation is kept.
   Shipley.

   3.  (Biol.)  Any  membranous bag shaped like a leathern bottle, as the
   dilated  end  of  a  vessel  or  duct; especially the dilations of the
   semicircular canals of the ear.

                                 Ampullaceous

   Am`pul*la"ceous  (#),  a. [L. ampullaceus, fr. ampulla.] Like a bottle
   or  inflated bladder; bottle-shaped; swelling. Kirby. Ampullaceous sac
   (Zo\'94l.),  one  of  the peculiar cavities in the tissues of sponges,
   containing the zooidal cells.

                              Ampullar, Ampullary

   Am"pul*lar (#), Am`pul*la*ry (#), a. Resembling an ampulla.

                             Ampullate, Ampullated

   Am"pul*late (#), Am"pul*la`ted (#) a. Having an ampulla; flask-shaped;
   bellied.

                                  Ampulliform

   Am*pul"li*form (#), a. [Ampulla + -form.] Flask-shaped; dilated.

                                   Amputate

   Am"pu*tate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Amputated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Amputating.] [L. amputatus, p. p. of amputare: amb- + putare to prune,
   putus clean, akin to E. pure. See Putative.]

   1. To prune or lop off, as branches or tendrils.

   2.  (Surg.)  To  cut  off  (a  limb  or projecting part (of the body).
   Wiseman.

                                  Amputation

   Am`pu*ta"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  amputatio:  cf.  F. amputation.] The act
   amputating; esp. the operation of cutting of a limb or projecting part
   of the body.

                                   Amputator

   Am"pu*ta"tor (#), n. One who amputates.

                                     Ampyx

   Am"pyx  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Greek Antiq.) A woman's headband (sometimes of
   metal), for binding the front hair.

                                    Amrita

   Am*ri"ta  (#),  n.  [Skr. amrita.] (Hind. Myth.) Immorality; also, the
   nectar conferring immortality. -- a. Ambrosial; immortal.

                                 Amsel, Amzel

   Am"sel,  Am"zel (#), n. [Ger. See Ousel.] (Zo\'94l.) The European ring
   ousel (Turdus torquatus).

                                     Amuck

   A*muck"  (#),  a.  &  adv.  [Malay  amoq  furious.]  In a frenzied and
   reckless.  To  run  amuck,  to  rush  out in a state of frenzy, as the
   Malays  sometimes  do under the influence of "bhang," and attack every
   one that comes in the way; to assail recklessly and indiscriminately.

     Satire's  my weapon, but I'm too discreet To run amuck, and tilt at
     all I meet. Pope.

                                    Amulet

   Am"u*let  (#), n. [L. amuletum: cf. F. amulette.] An ornament, gem, or
   scroll,  or  a  package  containing  a relic, etc., worn as a charm or
   preservative   against   evils  or  mischief,  such  as  diseases  and
   witchcraft, and generally inscribed with mystic forms or characters.

     NOTE: [Also used figuratively.]

                                   Amuletic

   Am`u*let"ic  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining to an amulet; operating as a
   charm.

                                   Amurcous

   A*mur"cous  (#),  a. [LL. amurcous, L. amurca the dregs of olives, Gr.
   Full off dregs; foul. [R.] Knowles.

                                   Amusable

   A*mus"a*ble (#), a. [Cf. F. amusable.] Capable of being amused.

                                     Amuse

   A*muse" (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amused (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Amusing.]
   [F.  amuser  to  make  stay, to detain, to amuse, ad) + OF. muser. See
   Muse, v.]

   1.  To  occupy or engage the attention of; to lose in deep thought; to
   absorb; also, to distract; to bewilder. [Obs.]

     Camillus  set  upon  the  Gauls  when they were amused in receiving
     their gold. Holland.

     Being  amused  with  grief, fear, and fright, he could not find the
     house. Fuller.

   2.  To entertain or occupy in a pleasant manner; to stir with pleasing
   or mirthful emotions; to divert.

     A  group  children  amusing themselves with pushing stones from the
     top  [of  the  cliff],  and watching as they plunged into the lake.
     Gilpin.

   3. To keep in extraction; to beguile; to delude.

     He amused his followers with idle promises. Johnson.

   Syn.  --  To  entertain;  gratify;  please;  divert; beguile; deceive;
   occupy.  --  To  Amuse, Divert, Entertain. We are amused by that which
   occupies  us  lightly and pleasantly. We are entertained by that which
   brings  our minds into agreeable contact with others, as conversation,
   or  a  book.  We  are diverted by that which turns off our thoughts to
   something  of livelier interest, especially of a sportive nature, as a
   humorous story, or a laughable incident.

     Whatever  amuses serves to kill time, to lull the faculties, and to
     banish   reflection.  Whatever  entertains  usually  a  wakens  the
     understanding or gratifies the fancy. Whatever diverts is lively in
     its nature, and sometimes tumultuous in its effects. Crabb.

                                     Amuse

   A*muse", v. i. To muse; to mediate. [Obs.]

                                    Amused

   A*mused" (#), a.

   1. Diverted.

   2. Expressing amusement; as, an amused look.

                                   Amusement

   A*muse"ment (#), n. [Cf. F. amusement.]

   1. Deep thought; muse. [Obs.]

     Here I . . . fell into a strong and deep amusement, revolving in my
     mind,  with  great  perplexity,  the amazing change of our affairs.
     Fleetwood.

   2.  The  state  of  being  amused;  pleasurable excitement; that which
   amuses; diversion.

     His favorite amusements were architecture and gardening. Macaulay.

   Syn.  --  Diversion;  entertainment;  recreation; relaxation; pastime;
   sport.

                                    Amuser

   A*mus"er (#), n. One who amuses.

                                   Amusette

   Am`u*sette"  (#), n. [F.] A light field cannon, or stocked gun mounted
   on a swivel.

                                    Amusing

   A*mus"ing  (#),  a. Giving amusement; diverting; as, an amusing story.
   -- A*mus"ing*ly, adv.

                                    Amusive

   A*mu"sive  (?;  277),  a. Having power to amuse or entertain the mind;
   fitted  to excite mirth. [R.] -- A*mu"sive*ly, adv. -- A*mu"sive*ness,
   n.

                                      Amy

   A*my" (#), n. [F. ami, fr. L. amicus.] A friend. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Amyelous

   A*my"e*lous (#), a. [Gr. (Med.) Wanting the spinal cord.

                                 Amygdalaceous

   A*myg`da*la"ceous (#), a. (Bot.) Akin to, or derived from, the almond.

                                  Amygdalate

   A*myg"da*late  (#),  a.  [L. amygdala, amygdalum, almond, Gr. Almond.]
   Pertaining to, resembling, or made of, almonds.

                                  Amygdalate

   A*myg"da*late, n.

   1. (Med.) An emulsion made of almonds; milk of almonds. Bailey. Coxe.

   2. (Chem.) A salt amygdalic acid.

                                   Amygdalic

   Am`yg*dal"ic (#), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to almonds; derived from
   amygdalin; as, amygdalic acid.

                                Amygdaliferous

   A*myg`da*lif"er*ous   (#),   a.   [L.  amygdalum  almond  +  -ferous.]
   Almond-bearing.

                                   Amygdalin

   A*myg"da*lin (#), n. (Chem.) A glucoside extracted from bitter almonds
   as a white, crystalline substance.

                                  Amygdaline

   A*myg"da*line   (#),  a.  [L.  amygdalinus.]  Of,  pertaining  to,  or
   resembling, almonds.

                                  Amygdaloid

   A*myg"da*loid  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -oid:  cf. F. amygdalo\'8bde.] (Min.) A
   variety of trap or basaltic rock, containing small cavities, occupied,
   wholly  or  in  part, by nodules or geodes of different minerals, esp.
   agates,  quartz, calcite, and the zeolites. When the imbedded minerals
   are detached or removed by decomposition, it is porous, like lava.

                           Amygdaloid, Amygdaloidal

   A*myg"da*loid (#), A*myg`da*loid"al (#), a.

   1. Almond-shaped.

   2. Pertaining to, or having the nature of, the rock amygdaloid.

                                     Amyl

   Am"yl  (#),  n.  [L.  amylum  starch  +  -yl.  Cf.  Amidin.] (Chem.) A
   hydrocarbon  radical,  C5H11,  of  the  paraffine series found in amyl
   alcohol or fusel oil, etc.

                                  Amylaceous

   Am`y*la"ceous  (#),  a.  [L. amylum starch, Gr. Amidin.] Pertaining to
   starch; of the nature of starch; starchy.

                                    Amylate

   Am"y*late  (#),  n. (Chem.) A compound of the radical amyl with oxygen
   and a positive atom or radical.

                                    Amylene

   Am"y*lene  (#),  n.  (Chem.) One of a group of metameric hydrocarbons,
   C5H10,  of the ethylene series. The colorless, volatile, mobile liquid
   commonly  called  amylene  is  a  mixture  of different members of the
   group.

                                    Amylic

   A*myl"ic  (#),  a.  (Chem.)  Pertaining to, or derived from, amyl; as,
   amylic ether. Amylic alcohol (Chem.), one of the series of alcohols, a
   transparent,  colorless  liquid,  having  a  peculiar  odor. It is the
   hydroxide  of  amyl.  --  Amylic  fermentation  (Chem.),  a process of
   fermentation  in  starch or sugar in which amylic alcohol is produced.
   Gregory.

                                  Amylobacter

   Am`y*lo*bac"ter, n. [L. amylum starch + NL. bacterium. See Bacterium.]
   (Biol.)  A  micro\'94rganism  (Bacillus amylobacter) which develops in
   vegetable tissue during putrefaction. Sternberg.

                              Amyloid, Amyloidal

   Am"y*loid  (#),  Am`y*loid"al  (#),  a.  [L.  amylum  starch  + -oid.]
   Resembling   or  containing  amyl;  starchlike.  Amyloid  degeneration
   (Med.),  a  diseased condition of various organs of the body, produced
   by  the  deposit  of an albuminous substance, giving a blue color with
   iodine   and  sulphuric  acid;  --  called  also  waxy  OR  lardaceous
   degeneration.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 52

                                    Amyloid

   Am"y*loid (#), n.

   1. A non-nitrogenous starchy food; a starchlike substance.

   2.   (Med.)   The   substance  deposited  in  the  organs  in  amyloid
   degeneration.

                                  Amylolytic

   Am`y*lo*ly"tic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Physiol.) Effecting the conversion of
   starch  into  soluble  dextrin  and  sugar; as, an amylolytic ferment.
   Foster.

                                    Amylose

   Am`y*lose"  (#),  n. (Chem.) One of the starch group (C6H10O5)n of the
   carbohydrates; as, starch, arabin, dextrin, cellulose, etc.

                                    Amyous

   Am"y*ous (#), a. [Gr. (Med.) Wanting in muscle; without flesh.

                                     Amyss

   Am"yss (#), n. Same as Amice, a hood or cape.

                                      An

   An (#). [AS. \'ben one, the same word as the numeral. See One, and cf.
   A.]  This  word  is  properly an adjective, but is commonly called the
   indefinite  article.  It  is  used before nouns of the singular number
   only,  and  signifies  one, or any, but somewhat less emphatically. In
   such  expressions  as  "twice  an  hour," "once an age," a shilling an
   ounce (see 2d A, 2), it has a distributive force, and is equivalent to
   each, every.

     NOTE: &hand; An is used before a word beginning with a vowel sound;
     as, an enemy, an hour. It in also often used before h sounded, when
     the  accent  of  the  word  falls  on  the  second syllable; as, an
     historian, an hyena, an heroic deed. Many writers use a before h in
     such  positions. Anciently an was used before consonants as well as
     vowels.

                                      An

   An,  conj.  [Shortened  fr.  and,  OE.  an., and, sometimes and if, in
   introducing  conditional clauses, like Icel. enda if, the same word as
   and.  Prob.  and  was  originally  pleonastic  before  the conditional
   clause.] If; -- a word used by old English authors. Shak.

     Nay, an thou dalliest, then I am thy foe. B. Jonson.

   An if, and if; if.

                                     Ana-

   An"a-.  [/Gr.  in  comp., on, up, upwards.] A prefix in words from the
   Greek, denoting up, upward, throughout, backward, back, again, anew.

                                      Ana

   A"na  (#),  adv.  [Gr. (Med.) Of each; an equal quantity; as, wine and
   honey,  ana (or, contracted, aa), ., that is, of wine and honey, each,
   two ounces.

     An apothecary with a . . . long bill of anas. Dryden.

                                      ana

   *a"na  (#).  [The  neut.  pl.  ending of Latin adjectives in -anus.] A
   suffix  to  names of persons or places, used to denote a collection of
   notable sayings, literary gossip, anecdotes, etc. Thus, Scaligerana is
   a  book  containing  the  sayings of Scaliger, Johnsoniana of Johnson,
   etc.

     NOTE: Used also as a substantive; as, the French anas

   .

     It has been said that the table-talk of Selden is worth all the ana
     of the Continent. Hallam.

                                  Anabaptism

   An`a*bap"tism   (#),   n.   [L.  anabaptismus,  Gr.  anabaptisme.  See
   Anabaptize.] The doctrine of the Anabaptists.

                                  Anabaptist

   An`a*bap"tist  (#),  n.  [LL.  anabaptista,  fr.  Gr.  as  if : cf. F.
   anabaptiste.] A name sometimes applied to a member of any sect holding
   that rebaptism is necessary for those baptized in infancy.

     NOTE: &hand; In  ch urch hi story, th e na me An abaptists us ually
     designates  a  sect  of fanatics who greatly disturbed the peace of
     Germany,  the Netherlands, etc., in the Reformation period. In more
     modern  times  the name has been applied to those who do not regard
     infant baptism as real and valid baptism.

                         Anabaptistic, Anabaptistical

   An`a*bap*tis"tic   (#),   An`a*bap*tis"tic*al   (#),  a.  Relating  or
   attributed to the Anabaptists, or their doctrines. Milton. Bp. Bull.

                                 Anabaptistry

   An`a*bap"tist*ry  (#),  n.  The  doctrine,  system,  or  practice,  of
   Anabaptists. [R.]

     Thus  died  this imaginary king; and Anabaptistry was suppressed in
     Munster. Pagitt.

                                  Anabaptize

   An`a*bap*tize"  (#), v. t. [Gr. Baptize.] To rebaptize; to rechristen;
   also, to rename. [R.] Whitlock.

                                    Anabas

   An"a*bas  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fishes, remarkable for
   their  power  of  living long out of water, and of making their way on
   land  for considerable distances, and for climbing trees; the climbing
   fishes.

                                   Anabasis

   A*nab"a*sis (#), n. [Gr.

   1. A journey or expedition up from the coast, like that of the younger
   Cyrus into Central Asia, described by Xenophon in his work called "The
   Anabasis."

     The anabasis of Napoleon. De Quincey.

   2.  (Med.)  The first period, or increase, of a disease; augmentation.
   [Obs.]

                                   Anabatic

   An`a*bat"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Pertaining  to  anabasis; as, an anabatic
   fever. [Obs.]

                                   Anabolic

   An`a*bol"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Physiol.)  Pertaining  to  anabolism; an
   anabolic  changes,  or  processes,  more or less constructive in their
   nature.

                                   Anabolism

   A*nab"o*lism  (#),  n.  (Physiol.)  The constructive metabolism of the
   body, as distinguished from katabolism.

                                  Anacamptic

   An`a*camp"tic  (#), a. [Gr. Reflecting of reflected; as, an anacamptic
   sound (and echo).

     NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd was formerly applied to that part of optics
     which  treats  of  reflection;  the  same  as  what  is  now called
     catoptric. See Catoptrics.

                                Anacamptically

   An`a*camp"tic*al*ly  (#),  adv.  By  reflection;  as, echoes are sound
   produced anacamptically. Hutton.

                                  Anacamptics

   An`a*camp"tics (#), n.

   1. The science of reflected light, now called catoptrics.

   2. The science of reflected sounds.

                            Anacanthini, Anacanths

   An`a*can"thi*ni  (#), An"a*canths (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.)
   A group of teleostean fishes destitute of spiny fin-rays, as the cod.

                                  Anacanthous

   An`a*can"thous (#), a. Spineless, as certain fishes.

                                Anacardiaceous

   An`a*car"di*a"ceous  (#),  a.  (Bot.)  Belonging  to, or resembling, a
   family,  or order, of plants of which the cashew tree is the type, and
   the species of sumac are well known examples.

                                   Anacardic

   An`a*car"dic  (#),  a. Pertaining to, or derived from, the cashew nut;
   as, anacardic acid.

                                  Anacardium

   An`a*car"di*um  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Bot.)  A  genus  of plants
   including the cashew tree. See Cashew.

                                 Anacathartic

   An`a*ca*thar"tic  (#),  a. [Gr. i. e., by vomiting; Cathartic.] (Med.)
   Producing vomiting or expectoration. -- n. An anacatharic medicine; an
   expectorant or an emetic.

                                   Anacharis

   An*ach"a*ris  (#),  n.  [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A fresh-water weed of the
   frog's-bit family (Hydrocharidace\'91), native to America. Transferred
   to  England  it  became  an  obstruction  to  navigation.  Called also
   waterweed and water thyme.

                          Anachoret, n. Anachoretical

   An*ach"o*ret   (#),   n.  An*ach`o*ret"ic*al  (#),  a.  See  Anchoret,
   Anchoretic. [Obs.]

                                  Anachorism

   An*ach"o*rism (#), n. [Gr. An error in regard to the place of an event
   or a thing; a referring something to a wrong place. [R.]

                           Anachronic, Anachronical

   An`a*chron"ic  (#),  An`a*chron"ic*al  (#),  a.  Characterized  by, or
   involving, anachronism; anachronistic.

                                  Anachronism

   An*ach"ro*nism  (#),  n.  [Gr. anachronisme.] A misplacing or error in
   the  order  of  time;  an  error  in  chronology  by  which events are
   misplaced  in  regard  to  each  other,  esp. one by which an event is
   placed too early; falsification of chronological relation.

                                 Anachronistic

   An*ach`ro*nis"tic   (#),   a.   Erroneous   in   date;  containing  an
   anachronism. T. Warton.

                                  Anachronize

   An*ach"ro*nize (#), v. t. [Gr. To refer to, or put into, a wrong time.
   [R.] Lowell.

                                  Anachronous

   An*ach"ro*nous  (#),  a.  Containing an anachronism; anachronistic. --
   An*ach"ro*nous*ly, adv.

                                  Anaclastic

   An`a*clas"tic (#), a. [Gr.

   1.  (Opt.) Produced by the refraction of light, as seen through water;
   as, anaclastic curves.

   2. Springing back, as the bottom of an anaclastic glass.
   Anaclastic  glass,  a  glass or phial, shaped like an inverted funnel,
   and  with  a very thin convex bottom. By sucking out a little air, the
   bottom  springs  into  a  concave  form  with  a  smart  crack; and by
   breathing  or blowing gently into the orifice, the bottom, with a like
   noise, springs into its former convex form.

                                  Anaclastics

   An`a*clas"tics  (#), n. (Opt.) That part of optics which treats of the
   refraction of light; -- commonly called dioptrics. Encyc. Brit.

                                 Anac\'d2nosis

   An`a*c\'d2*no"sis  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Rhet.) A figure by which a speaker
   appeals  to his hearers or opponents for their opinion on the point in
   debate. Walker.

                                  Anacoluthic

   An`a*co*lu"thic    (#),    a.   Lacking   grammatical   sequence.   --
   An`a*co*lu"thic*al*ly (#), adv.

                                  Anacoluthon

   An`a*co*lu"thon (#), n. [Gr. (Gram.) A want of grammatical sequence or
   coherence  in a sentence; an instance of a change of construction in a
   sentence  so  that  the  latter part does not syntactically correspond
   with the first part.

                                   Anaconda

   An`a*con"da  (#),  n.  [Of Ceylonese origin?] (Zo\'94l.) A large South
   American  snake of the Boa family (Eunectes murinus), which lives near
   rivers, and preys on birds and small mammals. The name is also applied
   to a similar large serpent (Python tigris) of Ceylon.

                                  Anacreontic

   A*nac`re*on"tic  (#),  a. [L. Anacreonticus.] Pertaining to, after the
   manner  of,  or  in the meter of, the Greek poet Anacreon; amatory and
   convivial. De Quincey.

                                  Anacreontic

   A*nac`re*on"tic,  n.  A poem after the manner of Anacreon; a sprightly
   little poem in praise of love and wine.

                                   Anacrotic

   An`a*crot"ic (#), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to anachronism.

                                  Anacrotism

   A*nac"ro*tism  (#),  n. [Gr. (Physiol.) A secondary notch in the pulse
   curve, obtained in a sphygmographic tracing.

                                   Anacrusis

   An`a*cru"sis  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Pros.) A prefix of one or two unaccented
   syllables to a verse properly beginning with an accented syllable.

                                    Anadem

   An"a*dem  (#),  n.  [L. anadema, Gr. A garland or fillet; a chaplet or
   wreath. Drayton. Tennyson.

                                  Anadiplosis

   An`a*di*plo"sis  (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A repetition of the last
   word  or  any prominent word in a sentence or clause, at the beginning
   of the next, with an adjunct idea; as, "He retained his virtues amidst
   all  his misfortunes -- misfortunes which no prudence could foresee or
   prevent."

                                    Anadrom

   An"a*drom (#), n. [Cf. F. anadrome.] (Zo\'94l.) A fish that leaves the
   sea and ascends rivers.

                                  Anadromous

   A*nad"ro*mous (#), a. [Gr.

   1.  (Zo\'94l.)  Ascending rivers from the sea, at certain seasons, for
   breeding, as the salmon, shad, etc.

   2.  (Bot.)  Tending  upwards;  --  said  of  terns in which the lowest
   secondary  segments are on the upper side of the branch of the central
   stem. D. C. Eaton.

                                   An\'91mia

   A*n\'91"mi*a  (#), a. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A morbid condition in which
   the blood is deficient in quality or in quantity.

                                   An\'91mic

   A*n\'91m"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to an\'91mia.

                                 Ana\'89robic

   An*a`\'89*rob"ic  (#), a. (Biol.) Relating to, or like, ana\'89robies;
   ara\'89robiotic.

                                 Ana\'89robies

   An*a"\'89r*o*bies  (#), n. pl. [Gr. (Biol.) Micro\'94rganisms which do
   not  require  oxygen, but are killed by it.<-- anaerobe, anaerobes -->
   Sternberg.

                                Ana\'89robiotic

   An*a`\'89r*o*bi*ot"ic (#), a. (Anat.) Related to, or of the nature of,
   ana\'89robies.

                                 An\'91sthesia

   An`\'91s*the"si*a   (#),   n.   [NL.,   fr.   Gr.  anesth\'82sie.  See
   \'92sthetics.]  (Med.) Entire or partial loss or absence of feeling or
   sensation;  a  state  of  general  or  local insensibility produced by
   disease or by the inhalation or application of an an\'91sthetic.

                                 An\'91sthesis

   An`\'91s*the"sis (#), n. See An\'91sthesia.

                                 An\'91sthetic

   An`\'91s*thet"ic  (#),  a. (Med.) (a) Capable of rendering insensible;
   as,  an\'91sthetic  agents.  (b)  Characterized by, or connected with,
   insensibility; as, an an\'91sthetic effect or operation.

                                 An\'91sthetic

   An`\'91s*thet"ic, n. (Med.) That which produces insensibility to pain,
   as chloroform, ether, etc.

                              An\'91sthetization

   An*\'91s`the*ti*za"tion (#), n. The process of an\'91sthetizing; also,
   the condition of the nervous system induced by an\'91sthetics.

                                An\'91sthetize

   An*\'91s"the*tize  (#),  v.  t.  (Med.)  To  render  insensible  by an
   an\'91sthetic. Encyc. Brit.

                                   Anaglyph

   An"a*glyph  (#),  n. [Gr. Any sculptured, chased, or embossed ornament
   worked in low relief, as a cameo.

                           Anaglyphic, Anaglyphical

   An`a*glyph"ic  (#),  An`a*glyph"ic*al (#), a. Pertaining to the art of
   chasing  or  embossing in relief; anaglyptic; -- opposed to diaglyptic
   or sunk work.

                                  Anaglyphic

   An`a*glyph"ic, n. Work chased or embossed relief.

                                  Anaglyptic

   An`a*glyp"tic (#), a. [L. anaglypticus, Gr. Anaglyph.] Relating to the
   art of carving, enchasing, or embossing in low relief.

                                  Anaglyptics

   An`a*glyp"tics  (#),  n.  The art of carving in low relief, embossing,
   etc.

                                Anaglyptograph

   An`a*glyp"to*graph  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -graph.]  An instrument by which a
   correct  engraving  of  any embossed object, such as a medal or cameo,
   can be executed. Brande & C.

                               Anaglyptographic

   An`a*glyp`to*graph"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to anaglyptography; as,
   analyptographic engraving.

                                Anaglyptography

   An`a*glyp*tog"ra*phy  (#),  n. [Gr. -graphy.] The art of copying works
   in  relief,  or  of  engraving  as  to give the subject an embossed or
   raised appearance; -- used in representing coins, bas-reliefs, etc.

                                  Anagnorisis

   An`ag*nor"i*sis   (#),   n.   [Latinized  fr.  Gr.  The  unfolding  or
   d\'82nouement. [R.] De Quincey.

                                    Anagoge

   An`a*go"ge (#), n. [Gr.

   1. An elevation of mind to things celestial.

   2.  The  spiritual meaning or application; esp. the application of the
   types and allegories of the Old Testament to subjects of the New.

                             Anagogic, Anagogical

   An`a*gog"ic  (#),  An`a*gog"ic*al (#), a. Mystical; having a secondary
   spiritual  meaning;  as,  the  rest  of  the Sabbath, in an anagogical
   sense,  signifies  the  repose  of the saints in heaven; an anagogical
   explication. -- An`a*gog"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                   Anagogics

   An`a*gog"ics  (#), n. pl. Mystical interpretations or studies, esp. of
   the Scriptures. L. Addison.

                                    Anagogy

   An"a*go`gy (#), n. Same as Anagoge.

                                    Anagram

   An"a*gram  (#),  n.  [F.  anagramme,  LL. anagramma, fr. Gr. Graphic.]
   Literally,  the  letters  of  a  word read backwards, but in its usual
   wider  sense,  the  change  or  one word or phrase into another by the
   transposition  of  its  letters. Thus Galenus becomes angelus; William
   Noy  (attorney-general  to  Charles  I.,  and  a laborious man) may be
   turned into I moyl in law.

                                    Anagram

   An"a*gram, v. t. To anagrammatize.

     Some  of  these  anagramed  his  name,  Benlowes,  into  Benevolus.
     Warburton.

                         Anagrammatic, Anagrammatical

   An`a*gram*mat"ic    (#),   An`a*gram*mat"ic*al   (#),   a.   [Cf.   F.
   anagramtique.]  Pertaining  to,  containing,  or  making,  anagram. --
   An`a*gram*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                 Anagrammatism

   An`a*gram"ma*tism (#), n. [Gr. anagrammatisme.] The act or practice of
   making anagrams. Camden.

                                 Anagrammatist

   An`a*gram"ma*tist, n. [Cf. F. anagrammatiste.] A maker anagrams.

                                 Anagrammatize

   An`a*gram"ma*tize  (#),  v.  t. [Gr. anagrammatiser.] To transpose, as
   the letters of a word, so as to form an anagram. Cudworth.

                                   Anagraph

   An"a*graph (#), n. [Gr. An inventory; a record. [Obs.] Knowles.

                                 Anakim, Anaks

   An"a*kim  (#),  A"naks  (#),  n.  pl.  [Heb.] (Bibl.) A race of giants
   living in Palestine.

                                     Anal

   A"nal  (#),  a.  [From Anus.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, or situated near,
   the anus; as, the anal fin or glands.

                                   Analcime

   A*nal"cime  (#),  n.  [Gr.  analcime.]  (Min.)  A  white  or flesh-red
   mineral, of the zeolite, occurring in isometric crystals. By friction,
   it acquires a weak electricity; hence its name.

                                   Analcite

   A*nal"cite (#), n. [Gr. Analcime.

                                   Analectic

   An`a*lec"tic  (#), a. Relating to analects; made up of selections; as,
   an analectic magazine.

                              Analects, Analecta

   An"a*lects  (#), An`a*lec"ta (#), n. pl. [Gr. A collection of literary
   fragments.

                                   Analemma

   An`a*lem"ma (#), n. [L. analemma a sun dial on a pedestal, showing the
   latitude and meridian of a place, Gr.

   1.  (Chem.)  An  orthographic projection of the sphere on the plane of
   the  meridian,  the eye being supposed at an infinite distance, and in
   the east or west point of the horizon.
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   Page 53

   2.  An  instrument  of  wood or brass, on which this projection of the
   sphere  is  made, having a movable horizon or cursor; -- formerly much
   used in solving some common astronomical problems.

   3.  A  scale  of the sun's declination for each day of the year, drawn
   across the torrid zone on an artificial terrestrial globe.

                              Analepsis, Analepsy

   An"a*lep"sis (#), An"a*lep"sy (#), [Gr. Analemma.] (Med.) (a) Recovery
   of  strength  after  sickness.  (b)  A  species  of  epileptic attack,
   originating from gastric disorder.

                                   Analeptic

   An"a*lep"tic   (#),   a.  [Gr.  analeptique.  See  Analepsis.]  (Med.)
   Restorative; giving strength after disease. -- n. A restorative.

                                   Analgesia

   An`al*ge"si*a  (#),  n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Absence of sensibility to
   pain. Quain.

                                 Anallagmatic

   An`al*lag*mat"ic   (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Math.)  Not  changed  in  form  by
   inversion. Anallagmatic curves, a class of curves of the fourth degree
   which  have certain peculiar relations to circles; -- sometimes called
   bicircular  quartics.  --  Anallagmatic  surfaces,  a certain class of
   surfaces of the fourth degree.

                                  Anallantoic

   An`al*lan*to"ic  (#),  a.  (Anat.)  Without,  or  not  developing,  an
   allantois.

                                 Anallantoidea

   An`al*lan*toid"e*a  (#),  n.  pl.  [Gr.  allantoidea.]  (Zo\'94l.) The
   division of Vertebrata in which no allantois is developed. It includes
   amphibians, fishes, and lower forms.

                                   Analogal

   A*nal"o*gal (#), a. Analogous. [Obs.] Donne.

                                   Analogic

   An`a*log"ic  (#), a. [See Analogous.] Of or belonging to analogy. Geo.
   Eliot.

                                  Analogical

   An`a*log"ic*al (#), a.

   1.  Founded  on,  or of the nature of, analogy; expressing or implying
   analogy.

     When  a  country  which  has sent out colonies is termed the mother
     country, the expression is analogical. J. S. Mill.

   2. Having analogy; analogous. Sir M. Hale.

                                 Analogically

   An`a*log"ic*al*ly,  adv.  In  an  analogical sense; in accordance with
   analogy; by way of similitude.

     A  prince  is  analogically styled a pilot, being to the state as a
     pilot is to the vessel. Berkeley.

                                Analogicalness

   An`a*log"ic*al*ness, n. Quality of being analogical.

                                   Analogism

   A*nal"o*gism (#), n. [Gr.

   1.  Logic  an  argument  from  the  cause  to  the effect; an a priori
   argument. Johnson.

   2.  Investigation  of  things  by the analogy they bear to each other.
   Crabb.

                                   Analogist

   A*nal"o*gist  (#),  n.  One who reasons from analogy, or represent, by
   analogy. Cheyne.

                                   Analogize

   A*nal"o*gize, v. i. To employ, or reason by, analogy.

                                   Analogon

   A*nal"o*gon (#), n. [Gr. Analogue.

                                   Analogous

   A*nal"o*gous  (#),  a.  [L.  analogous,  Gr.  Logic.]  Having analogy;
   corresponding   to   something   else;  bearing  some  resemblance  or
   proportion; -- often followed by to.

     Analogous tendencies in arts and manners. De Quincey.

     Decay  of  public  spirit,  which  may  be  considered analogous to
     natural death. J. H. Newman.

   nalogous  pole  (Pyroelect.),  that  pole  of  a crystal which becomes
   positively  electrified  when  heated. Syn. -- Correspondent; similar;
   like. -- A*nal"o gous*ly, adv. -- A*nal"o*gous*ness, n.

                                   Analogue

   An"a*logue (?; 115), n. [F.

   1. That which is analogous to, or corresponds with, some other thing.

     The  vexatious  tyranny of the individual despot meets its analogue
     in the insolent tyranny of the many. I. Taylor.

   2. (Philol.) A word in one language corresponding with one in another;
   an  analogous  term;  as,  the  Latin  "pater"  is the analogue of the
   English "father."

   3. (Nat. Hist.) (a) An organ which is equivalent in its functions to a
   different  organ  in  another  species  or  group, or even in the same
   group;  as,  the  gill  of  a  fish  is  the  analogue  of a lung in a
   quadruped,  although the two are not of like structural relations. (b)
   A species in one genus or group having its characters parallel, one by
   one,  with  those  of  another  group.  (c)  A species or genus in one
   country  closely related to a species of the same genus, or a genus of
   the   same   group,   in   another:  such  species  are  often  called
   representative species, and such genera, representative genera. Dana.

                                    Analogy

   A*nal"o*gy (#), n.; pl. Analogies (#). [L. analogia, Gr. analogie. See
   Analogous.]

   1. A resemblance of relations; an agreement or likeness between things
   in  some  circumstances  or  effects,  when  the  things are otherwise
   entirely  different. Thus, learning enlightens the mind, because it is
   to  the  mind what light is to the eye, enabling it to discover things
   before hidden.

     NOTE: Followed by  be tween, to , or  with; as, there is an analogy
     between  these  objects,  or  one  thing  has an analogy to or with
     another.

     NOTE: &hand; An alogy is very commonly used to denote similarity or
     essential  resemblance; but its specific meaning is a similarity of
     relations, and in this consists the difference between the argument
     from  example  and  that from analogy. In the former, we argue from
     the  mere  similarity  of  two  things;  in  the  latter,  from the
     similarity of their relations.

   Karslake.

   2. (Biol.) A relation or correspondence in function, between organs or
   parts which are decidedly different.

   3. (Geom.) Proportion; equality of ratios.

   4.  (Gram.)  Conformity  of words to the genius, structure, or general
   rules of a language; similarity of origin, inflection, or principle of
   pronunciation, and the like, as opposed to an/xex>. Johnson.

                             Analyse, v., Analyser

   An"a*lyse  (#),  v.,  An"a*ly`ser  (#),  n.,  etc.  Same  as  Analyze,
   Analyzer, etc.

                                   Analysis

   A*nal"y*sis (#), n.; pl. Analyses (#). [Gr. Loose.]

   1. A resolution of anything, whether an object of the senses or of the
   intellect,  into  its constituent or original elements; an examination
   of  the  component  parts  of a subject, each separately, as the words
   which  compose  a  sentence,  the  tones  of  a  tune,  or  the simple
   propositions which enter into an argument. It is opposed to synthesis.

   2.  (Chem.)  The  separation  of  a  compound  substance,  by chemical
   processes,  into its constituents, with a view to ascertain either (a)
   what elements it contains, or (b) how much of each element is present.
   The   former  is  called  qualitative,  and  the  latter  quantitative
   analysis.

   3. (Logic) The tracing of things to their source, and the resolving of
   knowledge into its original principles.

   4.  (Math.)  The resolving of problems by reducing the conditions that
   are in them to equations.

   5.  (a)  A  syllabus,  or table of the principal heads of a discourse,
   disposed  in their natural order. (b) A brief, methodical illustration
   of  the principles of a science. In this sense it is nearly synonymous
   with synopsis.

   6.  (Nat. Hist.) The process of ascertaining the name of a species, or
   its  place  in  a  system of classification, by means of an analytical
   table or key.
   Ultimate,   Proximate,   Qualitative,   Quantitative,  and  Volumetric
   analysis. (Chem.) See under Ultimate, Proximate, Qualitative, etc.

                                    Analyst

   An"a*lyst  (#),  n.  [F.  analyste.  See  Analysis.] One who analyzes;
   formerly,  one  skilled  in  algebraical  geometry;  now commonly, one
   skilled in chemical analysis.

                             Analytic, Analytical

   An`a*lyt"ic   (#),   An`a*lyt"ic*al   (#),  a.  [Gr.  analytique.  See
   Analysis.]  Of  or  pertaining to analysis; resolving into elements or
   constituent  parts;  as, an analytical experiment; analytic reasoning;
   --  opposed  to  synthetic.  Analytical or co\'94rdinate geometry. See
   under  Geometry.  --  Analytic language, a noninflectional language or
   one  not  characterized  by  grammatical  endings. -- Analytical table
   (Nat.  Hist.),  a table in which the characteristics of the species or
   other  groups  are  arranged  so as to facilitate the determination of
   their names.

                                 Analytically

   An`a*lyt"ic*al*ly, adv. In an analytical manner.

                                   Analytics

   An`a*lyt"ics (#), n. The science of analysis.

                                  Analyzable

   An"a*ly`za*ble (#), a. That may be analyzed.

                                  Analyzation

   An`a*ly*za"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of  analyzing, or separating into
   constituent parts; analysis.

                                    Analyze

   An"a*lyze  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Analyzed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Analyzing.]  [Cf.  F. analyser. See Analysis.] To subject to analysis;
   to  resolve (anything complex) into its elements; to separate into the
   constituent   parts,  for  the  purpose  of  an  examination  of  each
   separately;  to  examine in such a manner as to ascertain the elements
   or nature of the thing examined; as, to analyze a fossil substance; to
   analyze  a  sentence  or a word; to analyze an action to ascertain its
   morality.

     No  one, I presume, can analyze the sensations of pleasure or pain.
     Darwin.

                                   Analyzer

   An"a*ly`zer (#), n.

   1. One who, or that which, analyzes.

   2.  (Opt.)  The  part  of a polariscope which receives the light after
   polarization, and exhibits its properties.

                                    Anamese

   An`a*mese"  (#), a. Of or pertaining to Anam, to southeastern Asia. --
   n. A native of Anam.

                                   Anamnesis

   An`am*ne"sis (#), n. [Gr. (Rhet.) A recalling to mind; recollection.

                                  Anamnestic

   An`am*nes"tic (#), a. [Gr. Aiding the memory; as, anamnestic remedies.

                                  Anamniotic

   An*am`ni*ot"ic (#), a. (Anat.) Without, or not developing, an amnion.

                                  Anamorphism

   An`a*mor"phism (#), n. [Gr.

   1. A distorted image.

   2.  (Biol.)  A gradual progression from one type to another, generally
   ascending. Huxley.

                                 Anamorphosis

   An`a*mor"pho*sis (#), n. [Gr.

   1.  (Persp.)  A distorted or monstrous projection or representation of
   an  image  on  a  plane  or  curved surface, which, when viewed from a
   certain  point,  or  as  reflected  from  a curved mirror or through a
   polyhedron,  appears  regular  and  in proportion; a deformation of an
   image.

   2. (Biol.) Same as Anamorphism, 2.

   3.  (Bot.)  A  morbid  or monstrous development, or change of form, or
   degeneration.

                                  Anamorphosy

   An`a*mor"pho*sy (#), n. Same as Anamorphosis.

                                     Anan

   A*nan"  (#),  interj. [See Anon.] An expression equivalent to What did
   you say? Sir? Eh? [Obs.] Shak.

                                    Ananas

   A*na"nas  (#),  n. [Sp. ananas, from the native American name.] (Bot.)
   The pineapple (Ananassa sativa).

                                   Anandrous

   An*an"drous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Destitute of stamen

                                   Anangular

   An*an"gu*lar (#), a. [Gr. angular.] Containing no angle. [R.]

                                  Anantherous

   An*an"ther*ous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  anther.]  (Bot.) Destitute of anthers.
   Gray.

                                   Ananthous

   An*an"thous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Destitute of flowers; flowerless.

                                  Anap\'91st

   An`a*p\'91st (#), An`a*p\'91s"tic (#). Same as Anapest, Anapestic.

                                    Anapest

   An"a*pest  (#), n. [L. anapaestus, Gr. i.e., a dactyl reserved, or, as
   it were, struck back; fr.

   1.  (Pros.)  A  metrical foot consisting of three syllables, the first
   two  short, or unaccented, the last long, or accented (#); the reverse
   of the dactyl. In Latin d, and in English in-ter-vene, are examples of
   anapests.
   
   2. A verse composed of such feet.
   
                                   Anapestic

   An`a*pes"tic  (#),  a. [L. anapaesticus, Gr. Pertaining to an anapest;
   consisting  of an anapests; as, an anapestic meter, foot, verse. -- n.
   Anapestic measure or verse.

                                  Anapestical

   An`a*pes"tic*al (#), a. Anapestic.

                                   Anaphora

   A*naph"o*ra  (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A repetition of a word or of
   words at the beginning of two or more successive clauses.

                                 Anaphrodisia

   An*aph`ro*dis"i*a  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Med.) Absence of sexual
   appetite.

                                 Anaphrodisiac

   An*aph`ro*dis"i*ac  (#),  a.  & n. [Gr. (Med.) Same as Antaphrodisiac.
   Dunglison.

                                 Anaphroditic

   An*aph`ro*dit"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr. (Biol.) Produced without concourse of
   sexes.

                                  Anaplastic

   An`a*plas"tic (#), a. Of or pertaining to anaplasty.

                                   Anaplasty

   An`a*plas`ty (#), n. [Gr. anaplastie.] (Surg.) The art of operation of
   restoring lost parts or the normal shape by the use of healthy tissue.

                                  Anaplerotic

   An`a*ple*rot"ic  (#), a. [L. anapleroticus, fr. Gr. (Med.) Filling up;
   promoting  granulation  of  wounds  or  ulcers.  --  n. A remedy which
   promotes such granulation.

                                  Anapnograph

   A*nap"no*graph (#), n. [Gr. -graph.] A form of spirometer.

                                   Anapnoic

   An`ap*no"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Med.) Relating to respiration.

                                 Anapodeictic

   An*ap`o*deic"tic   (#),   a.   [Gr.   Apodeictic.]   Not   apodeictic;
   undemonstrable. [R.]

                                  Anapophysis

   An`a*poph"y*sis  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Anat.)  An accessory process in many
   lumbar vertebr\'91.

                                   Anaptotic

   An`ap*tot"ic (#), a. [Gr. Having lost, or tending to lose, inflections
   by phonetic decay; as, anaptotic languages.

                                  Anaptychus

   An*ap"ty*chus  (#), n.; pl. Anaptichi (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) One
   of  a  pair  of  shelly  plates  found  in  some  cephalopods,  as the
   ammonites.

                                    Anarch

   An"arch  (#),  n.  [Gr. The author of anarchy; one who excites revolt.
   Milton.

     Imperial anarchs doubling human woes. Byron.

                                   Anarchal

   A*nar"chal (#), a. Lawless; anarchical. [R.]

     We  are  in the habit of calling those bodies of men anarchal which
     are in a state of effervescence. Landor.

                             Anarchic, Anarchical

   A*nar"chic  (#), A*nar"chic*al (#), a. [Cf. F. anarchique.] Pertaining
   to  anarchy;  without  rule  or  government;  in  political confusion;
   tending   to  produce  anarchy;  as,  anarchic  despotism;  anarchical
   opinions.

                                   Anarchism

   An"arch*ism  (#),  n. [Cf. F. anarchisme.] The doctrine or practice of
   anarchists.

                                   Anarchist

   An"arch*ist  (#), n. [Cf. F. anarchiste.] An anarch; one who advocates
   anarchy of aims at the overthrow of civil government.

                                   Anarchize

   An"arch*ize (#), v. t. To reduce to anarchy.

                                    Anarchy

   An"arch*y (#), n. [Gr. anarchie. See Anarch.]

   1.  Absence  of government; the state of society where there is no law
   or supreme power; a state of lawlessness; political confusion.

     Spread anarchy and terror all around. Cowper.

   2. Hence, confusion or disorder, in general.

     There being then . . . an anarchy, as I may term it, in authors and
     their reFuller.

                                 Anarthropoda

   An`ar*throp"o*da  (#),  n.  pl. [NL., from Gr. -poda. See Anarthrous.]
   (Zo\'94l.)  One  of  the divisions of Articulata in which there are no
   jointed legs, as the annelids; -- opposed to Arthropoda.

                                Anarthropodous

   An`ar*throp"o*dous   (#),   a.  (Zo\'94l.)  Having  no  jointed  legs;
   pertaining to Anarthropoda.

                                  Anarthrous

   An*ar"throus (#), a. [Gr.

   1.   (Gr.   Gram.)   Used  without  the  article;  as,  an  anarthrous
   substantive.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) Without joints, or having the joints indistinct, as some
   insects.

                                     Anas

   A"nas  (#),  n.  [L., duck.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of water fowls, of the
   order Anseres, including certain species of fresh-water ducks.

                                   Anasarca

   An`a*sar"ca  (#),  n. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) Dropsy of the subcutaneous
   cellular  tissue;  an  effusion  of serum into the cellular substance,
   occasioning a soft, pale, inelastic swelling of the skin.

                                  Anasarcous

   An`a*sar"cous  (#), a. Belonging, or affected by, anasarca, or dropsy;
   dropsical. Wiseman.

                                  Anastaltic

   An`a*stal"tic  (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An`a*stal"tic
   (#), a. & n. [Gr. Page 54

   fitted for checking, fr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.] Coxe.

                                   Anastate

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  &  n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"a*state
   (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Physiol.)  One  of  a series of substances formed, in
   secreting  cells,  by  constructive  or  anabolic  processes,  in  the
   production of protoplasm; -- opposed to katastate. Foster.

                                   Anastatic

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An`a*stat"ic
   (#),  a.  [Gr.  Pertaining  to  a  process or a style of printing from
   characters in relief on zinc plates.

     NOTE: In th is process the letterpress, engraving, or design of any
     kind is transferred to a zinc plate; the parts not covered with ink
     are eaten out, leaving a facsimile in relief to be printed from.

                                  Anastomose

   An`a*stal"tic  (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nas"to*mose
   (#),  v. i. [imp. p. p. Anastomozed (#); p. pr. Anastomosing.] [Cf. F.
   anastomoser,  fr.  anastomose.  See  Anastomosis.]  (Anat.  & Bot.) To
   inosculate;  to  intercommunicate  by anastomosis, as the arteries and
   veins.

     The  ribbing  of  the  leaf,  and  the  anastomosing network of its
     vessels. I. Taylor.

                                  Anastomosis

   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   A*nas`to*mo"sis   (#),   n.;   pl.  Anastomoses  (#).  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.
   anastomose.]   (Anat.   &   Bot.)  The  inosculation  of  vessels,  or
   intercommunication between two or more vessels or nerves, as the cross
   communication between arteries or veins.

                                  Anastomotic

   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   A*nas`to*mot"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to anastomosis.

                                  Anastrophe

   An`a*stal"tic  (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nas"tro*phe
   (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Rhet.  &  Gram.) An inversion of the natural order of
   words; as, echoed the hills, for, the hills echoed.

                                   Anathema

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nath"e*ma
   (#), n.; pl. Anathemas (#). [L. anath, fr. Gr. anath, fr. Gr. Thesis.]

   1.   A   ban   or   curse   pronounced  with  religious  solemnity  by
   ecclesiastical  authority,  and accompanied by excommunication. Hence:
   Denunciation of anything as accursed.

     [They] denounce anathemas against unbelievers. Priestley.

   2. An imprecation; a curse; a malediction.

     Finally  she  fled  to  London  followed  by  the anathemas of both
     [families]. Thackeray.

   3.  Any  person  or  thing  anathematized, or cursed by ecclesiastical
   authority.

     The  Jewish  nation  were  an anathema destined to destruction. St.
     Paul  .  . . says he could wish, to save them from it, to become an
     anathema, and be destroyed himself. Locke.

   Anathema  Maranatha  (#)  (see 1 Cor. xvi. 22), an expression commonly
   considered as a highly intensified form of anathema. Maran atha is now
   considered as a separate sentence, meaning, "Our Lord cometh."
   
                          Anathematic, Anathematical
                                       
   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   A*nath`e*mat"ic  (#),  A*nath`e*mat"ic*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining to, or
   having the nature of, an anathema. -- A*nath`e*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.
   
                                 Anathematism
                                       
   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   A*nath"e*ma*tism  (#),  n.  [Gr.  anath\'82matisme.] Anathematization.
   [Obs.]
   
     We   find  a  law  of  Justinian  forbidding  anathematisms  to  be
     pronounced against the Jewish Hellenists. J. Taylor.
     
                               Anathematization

   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   A*nath`e*ma*ti*za"tion  (#),  n.  [LL.  anathematisatio.]  The  act of
   anathematizing, or denouncing as accursed; imprecation. Barrow.

                                 Anathematize

   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   A*nath"e*ma*tize  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anathematized (#); p. pr. &
   vb.  n. Anathematizing.] [L. anathematizare, Gr. anath\'82matiser.] To
   pronounce an anathema against; to curse. Hence: To condemn publicly as
   something accursed. Milton.

                                 Anathematizer

   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   A*nath"e*ma*ti`zer (#), n. One who pronounces an anathema. Hammond.

                                    Anatifa

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  &  n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nat"i*fa
   (#),   n.;  pl.  Anatif\'91  (#).  [NL.,  contr.  fr.  anatifera.  See
   Anatiferous.] (Zo\'94l.) An animal of the barnacle tribe, of the genus
   Lepas,  having  a  fleshy  stem  or  peduncle;  a  goose barnacle. See
   Cirripedia.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e term Anatif\'91, in the plural, is often used for
     the whole group of pedunculated cirripeds.

                                   Anatifer

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nat"i*fer,
   (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Anatifa.

                                  Anatiferous

   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   An`a*tif"er*ous   (#),  a.  [L.  anas,  anatis,  a  duck  +  -ferous.]
   (Zo\'94l.) Producing ducks; -- applied to Anatif\'91, under the absurd
   notion of their turning into ducks or geese. See Barnacle.

                                    Anatine

   An`a*stal"tic (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"a*tine (#),
   a.  [L.  anatinus,  fr.  anas,  anatis,  a  duck.]  (Zo\'94l.)  Of  or
   pertaining to the ducks; ducklike.

                                   Anatocism

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nat"o*cism
   (#), n. [L. anatocismus, Gr. (Law) Compound interest. [R.] Bouvier.

                             Anatomic, Anatomical

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An`a*tom"ic
   (#),  An`a*tom"ic*al  (#),  a.  [L.  anatomicus,  Gr.  anatomique. See
   Anatomy.]  Of  or  relating to anatomy or dissection; as, the anatomic
   art; anatomical observations. Hume.

                                 Anatomically

   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   An`a*tom"ic*al*ly,   adv.   In  an  anatomical  manner;  by  means  of
   dissection.

                                   Anatomism

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nat"o*mism
   (#), n. [Cf. F. anatomisme.]

   1. The application of the principles of anatomy, as in art.

     The  stretched  and  vivid  anatomism  of their [i. e., the French]
     great figure painters. The London Spectator.

   2.  The  doctrine  that  the  anatomical  structure  explains  all the
   phenomena of the organism or of animal life.

                                   Anatomist

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nat"o*mist
   (#), n. [Cf. F. anatomiste.] One who is skilled in the art of anatomy,
   or dissection.

                                 Anatomization

   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   A*nat`o*mi*za"tion (#), n. The act of anatomizing.

                                   Anatomize

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nat"o*mize
   (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anatomized (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Anatomizing.]
   [Cf. F. anatomiser.]

   1.  To dissect; to cut in pieces, as an animal vegetable body, for the
   purpose  of  displaying  or  examining  the  structure  and use of the
   several parts.

   2. To discriminate minutely or carefully; to analyze.

     If  we anatomize all other reasonings of this nature, we shall find
     that they are founded on the relation of cause and effect. Hume.

                                  Anatomizer

   An`a*stal"tic (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nat"o*mi`zer
   (#), n. A dissector.

                                    Anatomy

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  &  n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nat"o*my
   (#), n.; pl. Anatomies (#). [F. anatomie, L. anatomia, Gr.

   1.  The  art  of  dissecting, or artificially separating the different
   parts  of  any organized body, to discover their situation, structure,
   and economy; dissection.

   2.  The  science  which  treats  of  the  structure of organic bodies;
   anatomical structure or organization.

     Let  the  muscles be well inserted and bound together, according to
     the knowledge of them which is given us by anatomy. Dryden.

     NOTE: &hand; "A nimal anatomy" is sometimes called zomy; "vegetable
     anatomy," phytotomy; "human anatomy," anthropotomy.

   Comparative  anatomy  compares  the  structure  of different kinds and
   classes of animals.

   3. A treatise or book on anatomy.

   4.  The  act  of dividing anything, corporeal or intellectual, for the
   purpose  of  examining  its  parts;  analysis;  as,  the  anatomy of a
   discourse.

   5.  A  skeleton;  anything  anatomized  or dissected, or which has the
   appearance of being so.

     The  anatomy  of a little child, representing all parts thereof, is
     accounted  a  greater  rarity  than  the  skeleton of a man in full
     stature. Fuller.

     They  brought  one  Pinch,  a  hungry,  lean-faced  villain, A mere
     anatomy. Shak.

                                  Anatreptic

   An`a*stal"tic  (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An`a*trep"tic
   (#),  a.  [overturning,  fr.  Overthrowing;  defeating;  -- applied to
   Plato's refutative dialogues. Enfield.

                                    Anatron

   An`a*stal"tic (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"a*tron (#),
   n.  [F.  anatron,  natron,  Sp.  anatron, natron, fr. Ar. al-natr. See
   Natron, Niter.] [Obs.]

   1. Native carbonate of soda; natron.

   2. Glass gall or sandiver.

   3. Saltpeter. Coxe. Johnson.

                             Anatropal, Anatropous

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nat"ro*pal
   (#), A*nat"ro*pous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having the ovule inverted at an
   early  period  in  its  development,  so  that  the  chalaza is as the
   apparent apex; -- opposed to orthotropous. Gray.

                                    Anatto

   An`a*stal"tic  (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> A*nat"to (#),
   n. Same as Annotto.

                                Anbur-y, Ambury

   An`a*stal"tic  (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"bur-y (#),
   Am"bur*y (#), n. [AS. ampre, ompre, a crooked swelling vein: cf. Prov.
   E.  amper a tumor with inflammation. Cf. the first syllable in agnail,
   and berry a fruit.]

   1. (Far.) A soft tumor or bloody wart on horses or oxen.

   2. A disease of the roots of turnips, etc.; -- called also fingers and
   toes.

                                     ance

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  &  n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> *ance. [F.
   -ance, fr. L. -antia and also fr. -entia.] A suffix signifying action;
   also,  quality  or  state;  as,  assistance,  resistance,  appearance,
   elegance. See -ancy.

     NOTE: &hand; Al l re cently adopted words of this class take either
     -ance or -ence, according to the Latin spelling.

                                   Ancestor

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  &  n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"ces*tor
   (#),  n. [OE. ancestre, auncestre, also ancessour; the first forms fr.
   OF.  ancestre,  F.  anc\'88tre,  fr. the L. nom. antessor one who goes
   before;  the last form fr. OF. ancessor, fr. L. acc. antecessorem, fr.
   antecedere to go before; ante before + cedere to go. See Cede, and cf.
   Antecessor.]

   1.  One  from  whom  a person is descended, whether on the father's or
   mother's side, at any distance of time; a progenitor; a fore father.

   2.  (Biol.)  An  earlier type; a progenitor; as, this fossil animal is
   regarded as the ancestor of the horse.

   3.  (Law) One from whom an estate has descended; -- the correlative of
   heir.

                                  Ancestorial

   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   An`ces*to"ri*al (#), a. Ancestral. Grote.

                                 Ancestorially

   An`a*stal"tic   (#),   a.   &   n.   [Gr.   (Med.)   Styptic.  [Obs.]>
   An`ces*to"ri*al*ly, adv. With regard to ancestors.

                                   Ancestral

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An*ces"tral
   (?;  277),  a.  Of,  pertaining  to, derived from, or possessed by, an
   ancestor  or  ancestors;  as,  an ancestral estate. "Ancestral trees."
   Hemans.

                                  Ancestress

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"ces*tress
   (#), n. A female ancestor.

                                   Ancestry

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  &  n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"ces*try
   (#), n. [Cf. OF. ancesserie. See Ancestor.]

   1.  Condition  as  to  ancestors;  ancestral  lineage; hence, birth or
   honorable descent.

     Title  and  ancestry render a good man more illustrious, but an ill
     one more contemptible. Addison.

   2. A series of ancestors or progenitors; lineage, or those who compose
   the line of natural descent.

                                    Anchor

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"chor (#),
   n.  [OE.  anker, AS. ancor, oncer, L. ancora, sometimes spelt anchora,
   fr. Gr. angle: cf. F. ancre. See Angle, n.]

   1.  A  iron instrument which is attached to a ship by a cable (rope or
   chain),  and  which, being cast overboard, lays hold of the earth by a
   fluke or hook and thus retains the ship in a particular station.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e common anchor consists of a straight bar called a
     shank,  having  at  one  end a transverse bar called a stock, above
     which is a ring for the cable, and at the other end the crown, from
     which  branch  out  two  or more arms with flukes, forming with the
     shank a suitable angle to enter the ground.

     NOTE: Formerly th e la rgest an d st rongest an chor wa s the sheet
     anchor  (hence,  Fig., best hope or last refuge), called also waist
     anchor.  Now the bower and the sheet anchor are usually alike. Then
     came  the  best  bower  and  the  small bower (so called from being
     carried on the bows). The stream anchor is one fourth the weight of
     the bower anchor. Kedges or kedge anchors are light anchors used in
     warping.

   2.  Any  instrument  or  contrivance  serving a purpose like that of a
   ship's  anchor,  as  an  arrangement  of  timber to hold a dam fast; a
   contrivance  to hold the end of a bridge cable, or other similar part;
   a contrivance used by founders to hold the core of a mold in place.

   3.  Fig.:  That  which  gives  stability or security; that on which we
   place dependence for safety.

     Which hope we have as an anchor of the soul. Heb. vi. 19.

   4. (Her.) An emblem of hope.

   5.  (Arch.)  (a)  A  metal  tie  holding adjoining parts of a building
   together. (b) Carved work, somewhat resembling an anchor or arrowhead;
   --  a  part  of  the  ornaments of certain moldings. It is seen in the
   echinus,  or egg-and-anchor (called also egg-and-dart, egg-and-tongue)
   ornament.

   6.  (Zo\'94l.)  One  of the anchor-shaped spicules of certain sponges;
   also,  one  of  the calcareous spinules of certain Holothurians, as in
   species of Synapta.
   Anchor  ice. See under Ice. -- Anchor ring. (Math.) Same as Annulus, 2
   (b).  -- Anchor stock (Naut.), the crossbar at the top of the shank at
   right angles to the arms. -- The anchor comes home, when it drags over
   the  bottom  as  the  ship  drifts. -- Foul anchor, the anchor when it
   hooks, or is entangled with, another anchor, or with a cable or wreck,
   or when the slack cable entangled. -- The anchor is acockbill, when it
   is  suspended perpendicularly from the cathead, ready to be let go. --
   The  anchor  is apeak, when the cable is drawn in do tight as to bring
   to  ship  directly over it. -- The anchor is atrip, or aweigh, when it
   is  lifted  out of the ground. -- The anchor is awash, when it is hove
   up  to the surface of the water. -- At anchor, anchored. -- To back an
   anchor,  to  increase  the holding power by laying down a small anchor
   ahead  of that by which the ship rides, with the cable fastened to the
   crown  of the latter to prevent its coming home. -- To cast anchor, to
   drop or let go an anchor to keep a ship at rest. -- To cat the anchor,
   to  hoist  the  anchor to the cathead and pass the ring-stopper. -- To
   fish  the  anchor,  to hoist the flukes to their resting place (called
   the  bill-boards),  and pass the shank painter. -- To weigh anchor, to
   heave or raise the anchor so as to sail away.

                                    Anchor

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"chor (#),
   v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Anchored (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Anchoring.] [Cf. F.
   ancrer.]

   1. To place at anchor; to secure by an anchor; as, to anchor a ship.

   2.  To  fix or fasten; to fix in a stable condition; as, to anchor the
   cables of a suspension bridge.

     Till that my nails were anchored in thine eyes. Shak.

                                    Anchor

   An`a*stal"tic (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"chor, v. i.

   1.  To  cast  anchor; to come to anchor; as, our ship (or the captain)
   anchored in the stream.

   2. To stop; to fix or rest.

     My invention . . . anchors on Isabel. Shak.

                                    Anchor

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"chor, n.
   [OE.  anker,  ancre,  AS.  ancra, fr. L. anachoreta. See Anchoret.] An
   anchoret. [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Anchorable

   An`a*stal"tic  (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"chor*a*ble
   (#), a. Fit for anchorage.

                                   Anchorage

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"chor*age
   (#), n.

   1. The act of anchoring, or the condition of lying at anchor.

   2. A place suitable for anchoring or where ships anchor; a hold for an
   anchor.

   3. The set of anchors belonging to a ship.

   4. Something which holds like an anchor; a hold; as, the anchorages of
   the Brooklyn Bridge.

   5. Something on which one may depend for security; ground of trust.

   6. A toll for anchoring; anchorage duties. Johnson.

                                   Anchorage

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"cho*rage
   (#), n. Abode of an anchoret.

                                   Anchorate

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"chor*ate
   (#), a. Anchor-shaped.

                                   Anchored

   An`a*stal"tic (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"chored (#),
   a.

   1.  Held  by  an anchor; at anchor; held safely; as, an anchored bark;
   also, shaped like an anchor; forked; as, an anchored tongue.

   2.  (Her.)  Having  the extremities turned back, like the flukes of an
   anchor; as, an anchored cross. [Sometimes spelt ancred.]

                                   Anchoress

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"cho*ress
   (#), n. A female anchoret.

     And there, a saintly anchoress, she dwelt. Wordsworth.

                              Anchoret, Anchorite

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  &  n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"cho*ret
   (#),  An"cho*rite  (#),  n.  [F. anachor\'8ate, L. anachoreta, fr. Gr.
   h\'be  to leave. Cf. Anchor a hermit.] One who renounces the world and
   secludes  himself, usually for religious reasons; a hermit; a recluse.
   [Written by some authors anachoret.]

     Our  Savior  himself  .  .  .  did  not  choose an anchorite's or a
     monastic  life,  but  a  social  and affable way of conversing with
     mortals. Boyle.

                           Anchoretic, Anchoretical

   An`a*stal"tic  (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An`cho*ret"ic
   (#),  An`cho*ret"ic*al  (#),  a. [Cf. Gr. Pertaining to an anchoret or
   hermit; after the manner of an anchoret.

                                  Anchoretish

   An`a*stal"tic (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"cho*ret`ish
   (#), a. Hermitlike.

                                  Anchoretism

   An`a*stal"tic (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"cho*ret*ism
   (#), n. The practice or mode of life of an anchoret.

                                  Anchor-hold

   An`a*stal"tic  (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"chor-hold`
   (#), n.

   1. The hold or grip of an anchor, or that to which it holds.

   2. Hence: Firm hold: security.

                                   Anchorite

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a.  & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"cho*rite
   (#), n. Same as Anchoret.

                                  Anchoritess

   An`a*stal"tic (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"cho*ri`tess
   (#), n. An anchoress. [R.]

                                  Anchorless

   An`a*stal"tic  (#),  a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An"chor*less
   (#), a. Without an anchor or stay. Hence: Drifting; unsettled.

                                    Anchovy

   An`a*stal"tic (#), a. & n. [Gr. (Med.) Styptic. [Obs.]> An*cho"vy (#),
   n.  [Sp. anchoa, anchova, or Pg. anchova, prob. of Iberian origin, and
   lit.  a  dried or pickled fish, fr. Bisc. antzua dry: cf. D. anchovis,
   F. anchois.] (Zo\'94l.) A small fish, about three inches in length, of
   the  Herring  family (Engraulis encrasicholus), caught in vast numbers
   in  the  Mediterranean,  and pickled for exportation. The name is also
   applied to several allied species.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 55

                                 Anchovy pear

   An*cho"vy  pear`  (#).  (Bot.)  A  West Indian fruit like the mango in
   taste,  sometimes  pickled;  also, the tree (Grias cauliflora) bearing
   this fruit.

                                   Anchusin

   An"chu*sin  (#),  n.  [L.  anchusa  the  plant  alkanet, Gr. (Chem.) A
   resinoid coloring matter obtained from alkanet root.

                                   Anchylose

   An"chy*lose (#), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Anchylosed (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Anchylosing.]  [Cf.  F.  ankyloser.] To affect or be affected with
   anchylosis;  to  unite  or consolidate so as to make a stiff joint; to
   grow together into one. [Spelt also ankylose.] Owen.

                             Anchylosis, Ankylosis

   An`chy*lo"sis, An`ky*lo"sis (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ankylose.]

   1.  (Med.)  Stiffness  or  fixation  of  a joint; formation of a stiff
   joint. Dunglison.

   2.  (Anat.)  The  union of two or more separate bones to from a single
   bone; the close union of bones or other structures in various animals.

                                  Anchylotic

   An`chy*lot"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to anchylosis.

                                    Ancient

   An"cient  (#),  a.  [OE. auncien, F. ancien, LL. antianus, fr. L. ante
   before. See Ante-, pref.]

   1.  Old;  that happened or existed in former times, usually at a great
   distance  of  time; belonging to times long past; specifically applied
   to  the  times  before  the  fall  of  the Roman empire; -- opposed to
   modern; as, ancient authors, literature, history; ancient days.

     Witness those ancient empires of the earth. Milton.

     Gildas Albanius . . . much ancienter than his namesake surnamed the
     Wise. Fuller.

   2.  Old;  that  has  been of long duration; of long standing; of great
   age;   as,   an  ancient  forest;  an  ancient  castle.  "Our  ancient
   bickerings." Shak.

     Remove not the ancient landmarks, which thy fathers have set. Prov.
     xxii. 28.

     An ancient man, strangely habited, asked for quarters. Scott.

   3. Known for a long time, or from early times; -- opposed to recent or
   new; as, the ancient continent.

     A friend, perhaps, or an ancient acquaintance. Barrow.

   4. Dignified, like an aged man; magisterial; venerable. [Archaic]

     He  wrought  but  some few hours of the day, and then would he seem
     very grave and ancient. Holland.

   5. Experienced; versed. [Obs.]

     Though  [he]  was the youngest brother, yet he was the most ancient
     in the business of the realm. Berners.

   6. Former; sometime. [Obs.]

     They mourned their ancient leader lost. Pope.

   Ancient  demesne (Eng. Law), a tenure by which all manors belonging to
   the  crown,  in  the  reign  of  William the Conqueror, were held. The
   numbers,  names,  etc.,  of  these  were  all entered in a book called
   Domesday  Book.  --  Ancient  lights (Law), windows and other openings
   which  have  been  enjoined  without  molestation for more than twenty
   years.  In  England,  and in some of the United States, they acquire a
   prescriptive   right.  Syn.  --  Old;  primitive;  pristine;  antique;
   antiquated; old-fashioned; obsolete. -- Ancient, Antiquated, Obsolete,
   Antique,  Antic,  Old.  --  Ancient  is  opposed  to  modern,  and has
   antiquity;   as,   an   ancient  family,  ancient  landmarks,  ancient
   institutions, systems of thought, etc. Antiquated describes that which
   has  gone  out of use or fashion; as, antiquated furniture, antiquated
   laws, rules, etc. Obsolete is commonly used, instead of antiquated, in
   reference  to language, customs, etc.; as, an obsolete word or phrase,
   an  obsolete  expression. Antique is applied, in present usage, either
   to  that  which has come down from the ancients; as, an antique cameo,
   bust,  etc. ; or to that which is made to imitate some ancient work of
   art;  as,  an  antique temple. In the days of Shakespeare, antique was
   often used for ancient; as, "an antique song," "an antique Roman;" and
   hence, from singularity often attached to what is ancient, it was used
   in the sense of grotesque; as, "an oak whose antique root peeps out; "
   and   hence  came  our  present  word  antic,  denoting  grotesque  or
   ridiculous. We usually apply both ancient and old to things subject to
   gradual  decay.  We say, an old man, an ancient record; but never, the
   old  stars,  an old river or mountain. In general, however, ancient is
   opposed  to modern, and old to new, fresh, or recent. When we speak of
   a  thing that existed formerly, which has ceased to exist, we commonly
   use  ancient;  as,  ancient  republics,  ancient  heroes;  and not old
   republics,  old  heroes.  But when the thing which began or existed in
   former  times is still in existence, we use either ancient or old; as,
   ancient  statues  or  paintings,  or old statues or paintings; ancient
   authors, or old authors, meaning books.

                                    Ancient

   An"cient, n.

   1. pl. Those who lived in former ages, as opposed to the moderns.

   2.  An  aged man; a patriarch. Hence: A governor; a ruler; a person of
   influence.

     The  Lord will enter into judgment with the ancients of his people,
     and the princes thereof. Isa. iii. 14.

   3. A senior; an elder; a predecessor. [Obs.]

     Junius  and  Andronicus  .  .  .  in  Christianity  .  . . were his
     ancients. Hooker.

   4. pl. (Eng. Law) One of the senior members of the Inns of Court or of
   Chancery.
   Council  of  Ancients  (French  Hist.),  one  of  the  two  assemblies
   composing the legislative bodies in 1795. Brande.

                                    Ancient

   An"cient, n. [Corrupted from ensign.]

   1. An ensign or flag. [Obs.]

     More dishonorable ragged than an old-faced ancient. Shak.

   2. The bearer of a flag; an ensign. [Obs.]

     This is Othello's ancient, as I take it. Shak.

                                   Anciently

   An"cient*ly, adv.

   1. In ancient times.

   2. In an ancient manner. [R.]

                                  Ancientness

   An"cient*ness,  n.  The quality of being ancient; antiquity; existence
   from old times.

                                   Ancientry

   An"cient*ry (#), n.

   1. Antiquity; what is ancient.

     They contain not word of ancientry. West.

   2. Old age; also, old people. [R.]

     Wronging the ancientry. Shak.

   3. Ancient lineage; ancestry; dignity of birth.

     A gentleman of more ancientry than estate. Fuller.

                                   Ancienty

   An"cient*y (#), n. [F. anciennet\'82, fr. ancien. See Ancient.]

   1. Age; antiquity. [Obs.] Martin.

   2. Seniority. [Obs.]

                                    Ancile

   An*ci"le  (#),  n. [L.] (Rom. Antiq.) The sacred shield of the Romans,
   said  to  have-fallen  from  heaven  in  the reign of Numa. It was the
   palladium of Rome.

                                   Ancillary

   An"cil*la*ry  (#),  a.  [L. ancillaris, fr. ancilla a female servant.]
   Subservient or subordinate, like a handmaid; auxiliary.

     The  Convocation  of  York  seems to have been always considered as
     inferior, and even ancillary, to the greater province. Hallam.

                                    Ancille

   An*cille"  (#),  n.  [OF.  ancelle,  L.  ancilla.]  A  maidservant;  a
   handmaid. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                             Ancipital, Ancipitous

   An*cip"i*tal   (#),  An*cip"i*tous  (#),  a.  [L.  anceps,  ancipitis,
   two-headed,  double;  an- for amb- on both sides + caput head.] (Bot.)
   Two-edged  instead  of  round;  -- said of certain flattened stems, as
   those of blue grass, and rarely also of leaves.

                                  Ancistroid

   An*cis"troid (#), a. [Gr. Hook-shaped.

                                     Ancle

   An"cle (#), n. See Ankle.

                                    Ancome

   An"come  (#),  n.  [AS.  ancuman,  oncuman, to come.] A small ulcerous
   swelling, coming suddenly; also, a whitlow. [Obs.] Boucher.

                                     Ancon

   An"con  (#),  n.;  L.  pl.  Ancones  (#).  [L.,  fr.  Gr.  (Anat.) The
   olecranon, or the elbow. Ancon sheep (Zo\'94l.), a breed of sheep with
   short  crooked  legs  and long back. It originated in Massachusetts in
   1791; -- called also the otter breed.

                                 Ancon, Ancone

   An"con (#), An"cone (#), n. [See Ancon, above.] (Arch.) (a) The corner
   or quoin of a wall, cross-beam, or rafter. [Obs.] Gwilt. (b) A bracket
   supporting a cornice; a console.

                               Anconal, Anconeal

   An"co*nal  (#),  An*co"ne*al  (#),  a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the
   ancon or elbow. "The olecranon on anconeal process." Flower.

                                   Anconeus

   An*co"ne*us (#), n. [NL., fr. L. ancon elbow.] (Anat.) A muscle of the
   elbow and forearm.

                                   Anconoid

   An"co*noid (#), a. Elbowlike; anconal.

                                    Ancony

   An"co*ny  (#),  n.  [Origin unknown.] (Iron Work) A piece of malleable
   iron,  wrought into the shape of a bar in the middle, but unwrought at
   the ends.

                                     -ancy

   -an*cy. [L. -antia.-] A suffix expressing more strongly than -ance the
   idea of quality or state; as, constancy, buoyancy, infancy.

                                      And

   And  (#),  conj.  [AS.  and;  akin to OS. endi, Icel. enda, OHG. anti,
   enti, inti, unti, G. und, D. en, OD. ende. Cf, An if, Ante-.]

   1.  A particle which expresses the relation of connection or addition.
   It is used to conjoin a word with a word, a clause with a clause, or a
   sentence with a sentence.

     NOTE: (a) It  is  sometimes used emphatically; as, "there are women
     and  women,"  that  is, two very different sorts of women. (b) By a
     rhetorical  figure,  notions,  one  of which is modificatory of the
     other, are connected by and; as, "the tediousness and process of my
     travel,"  that is, the tedious process, etc.; "thy fair and outward
     character,"  that is, thy outwardly fair character, Schmidt's Shak.
     Lex.

   2.  In  order  to;  --  used instead of the infinitival to, especially
   after try, come, go.

     At least to try and teach the erring soul. Milton.

   3. It is sometimes, in old songs, a mere expletive.

     When that I was and a little tiny boy. Shak.

   4. If; though. See An, conj. [Obs.] Chaucer.

     As  they  will set an house on fire, and it were but to roast their
     eggs. Bacon.

   And  so forth, and others; and the rest; and similar things; and other
   things  or ingredients. The abbreviation, etc. (et cetera), or &c., is
   usually read and so forth.
   
                                  Andabatism
                                       
   An"da*ba*tism  (#),  n.  [L.  andabata  a kind of Roman gladiator, who
   fought hoodwinked.] Doubt; uncertainty. [Obs.] Shelford.
   
                                  Andalusite
                                       
   An`da*lu"site  (#),  n.  (Min.)  A  silicate  of  aluminium, occurring
   usually  in  thick rhombic prisms, nearly square, of a grayish or pale
   reddish tint. It was first discovered in Andalusia, Spain.
   
                                    Andante
                                       
   An*dan"te (#), a. [It. andante, p. pr. of andare to go.] (Mus.) Moving
   moderately slow, but distinct and flowing; quicker than larghetto, and
   slower than allegretto. -- n. A movement or piece in andante time.
   
                                   Andantino
                                       
   An`dan*ti"no  (#),  a.  [It.,  dim. of andante.] (Mus.) Rather quicker
   than andante; between that allegretto.
   
     NOTE: &hand; Some, taking andante in its original sense of "going,"
     and andantino as its diminutive, or "less going," define the latter
     as slower than andante.
     
                                    Andarac
                                       
   An"da*rac (#), n. [A corruption of sandarac.] Red orpiment. Coxe.
   
                                    Andean
                                       
   An*de"an, a. Pertaining to the Andes. 

                                   Andesine

   An"des*ine  (#),  n.  (Min.) A kind of triclinic feldspar found in the
   Andes.

                                   Andesite

   An"des*ite  (#),  n.  (Min.)  An  eruptive  rock  allied  to trachyte,
   consisting   essentially  of  a  triclinic  feldspar,  with  pyroxene,
   hornblende, or hypersthene.

                                    Andine

   An"dine (#), a. Andean; as, Andine flora.

                                    Andiron

   And"i`ron  (#),  n.  [OE.  anderne,  aunderne, aundyre, OF. andier, F.
   landier,  fr. LL. andena, andela, anderia, of unknown origin. The Eng.
   was  prob. confused with brand-iron, AS. brand-\'c6sen.] A utensil for
   supporting  wood when burning in a fireplace, one being placed on each
   side; a firedog; as, a pair of andirons.

                                  Andranatomy

   An`dra*nat"o*my  (#),  n.  [Gr. andranatomie. See Anatomy, Androtomy.]
   The dissection of a human body, especially of a male; androtomy. Coxe.

                                 Andr\'d2cium

   An*dr\'d2"ci*um  (#), n. [NL., from Gr. (bot.) The stamens of a flower
   taken collectively.

                                   Androgyne

   An"dro*gyne (#), n.

   1. An hermaphrodite.

   2. (Bot.) An androgynous plant. Whewell.

                            Androgynous, Androgynal

   An*drog"y*nous   (#),   An*drog"y*nal  (#),  a.  [L.  androgynus,  Gr.
   androgyne.]

   1.  Uniting  both sexes in one, or having the characteristics of both;
   being in nature both male and female; hermaphroditic. Owen.

     The truth is, a great mind must be androgynous. Coleridge.

   2. (Bot.) Bearing both staminiferous and pistilliferous flowers in the
   same cluster.

                            Androgyny, Androgynism

   An*drog"y*ny  (#),  An*drog"y*nism  (#), n. Union of both sexes in one
   individual; hermaphroditism.

                              Android, Androides

   An"droid  (#),  An*droi"des (#), n. [Gr. A machine or automaton in the
   form of a human being.

                                    Android

   An"droid, a. Resembling a man.

                                   Andromeda

   An*drom"e*da (#), n. [L., fr. Gr.

   1.  (Astron.)  A  northern  constellation,  supposed  to represent the
   mythical Andromeda.

   2. (bot.) A genus of ericaceous flowering plants of northern climates,
   of  which  the original species was found growing on a rock surrounded
   by water.

                                    Andron

   An"dron  (#),  n.  [L.  andron,  Gr.  (Gr. & Rom. Arch.) The apartment
   appropriated for the males. This was in the lower part of the house.

                                 Andropetalous

   An`dro*pet"al*ous  (#),  a.  [Gr. (Bot.) Produced by the conversion of
   the   stamens   into  petals,  as  double  flowers,  like  the  garden
   ranunculus. Brande.

                                  Androphagi

   An*droph"a*gi  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  Cannibals;  man-eaters;
   anthropophagi. [R.]

                                 Androphagous

   An*droph"a*gous (#), a. Anthropophagous.

                                  Androphore

   An"dro*phore (#), n. [Gr.

   1. (Bot.) A support or column on which stamens are raised. Gray.

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  The  part  which  in  some Siphonophora bears the male
   gonophores.

                                  Androsphinx

   An"dro*sphinx (#), n. [Gr. (Egypt. Art.) A man sphinx; a sphinx having
   the head of a man and the body of a lion.

                                  Androspore

   An"dro*spore  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Bot.) A spore of some alg\'91, which has
   male functions.

                                  Androtomous

   An*drot"o*mous  (#),  a.  (Bot.)  Having  the filaments of the stamens
   divided into two parts.

                                   Androtomy

   An*drot"o*my  (#),  n. [Gr. Anatomy.] Dissection of the human body, as
   distinguished from zo\'94tomy; anthropotomy. [R.]

                                    androus

   *an"drous  (#). [Gr. (Bot.) A terminal combining form: Having a stamen
   or  stamens;  staminate; as, monandrous, with one stamen; polyandrous,
   with many stamens.

                                     Anear

   A*near"  (#),  prep.  & adv. [Pref. a- + near.] Near. [R.] "It did not
   come anear." Coleridge.

     The measure of misery anear us. I. Taylor.

                                     Anear

   A*near", v. t. & i. To near; to approach. [Archaic]

                                    Aneath

   A*neath"  (#),  prep.  & adv. [Pref. a- + neath for beneath.] Beneath.
   [Scot.]

                                  Anecdotage

   An"ec*do`tage   (#),   n.  Anecdotes  collectively;  a  collection  of
   anecdotes.

     All  history,  therefore,  being  built  partly,  and  some  of  it
     altogether, upon anecdotage, must be a tissue of lies. De Quincey.

                                   Anecdotal

   An"ec*do`tal  (#), a. Pertaining to, or abounding with, anecdotes; as,
   anecdotal conversation.

                                   Anecdote

   An"ec*dote (#), n. [F. anecdote, fr. Gr. Dose, n.]

   1. pl. Unpublished narratives. Burke.

   2. A particular or detached incident or fact of an interesting nature;
   a biographical incident or fragment; a single passage of private life.

                            Anecdotic, Anecdotical

   An`ec*dot"ic  (#),  An`ec*dot"ic*al  (#), a. Pertaining to, consisting
   of, or addicted to, anecdotes. "Anecdotical traditions." Bolingbroke.

                                  Anecdotist

   An"ec*do"tist (#), n. One who relates or collects anecdotes.

                                    Anelace

   An"e*lace (#), n. Same as Anlace.

                                     Anele

   A*nele"  (#),  v.  t. [OE. anelien; an on + AS. ele oil, L. oleum. See
   Oil, Anoil.]

   1. To anoint. Shipley.

   2. To give extreme unction to. [Obs.] R. of Brunne.

                                  Anelectric

   An`e*lec"tric   (#),   a.   [Gr.  electric.]  (Physics)  Not  becoming
   electrified by friction; -- opposed to idioelectric. -- n. A substance
   incapable of being electrified by friction. Faraday.

                                  Anelectrode

   An`e*lec"trode (#), n. [Gr. electrode.] (Elec.) The positive pole of a
   voltaic battery.

                                Anelectrotonus

   An`e*lec*trot"o*nus  (#),  n.  [NL., fr. Gr. electrotonus.] (Physiol.)
   The  condition  of  decreased irritability of a nerve in the region of
   the  positive  electrode  or  anode  on  the  passage  of a current of
   electricity through it. Foster.

                                   Anemogram

   A*nem"o*gram (#), n. [Gr. -gram.] A record made by an anemograph.

                                  Anemograph

   A*nem"o*graph  (#),  n.  [Gr. -graph.] An instrument for measuring and
   recording the direction and force of the wind. Knight.
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   Page 56

                                 Anemographic

   A*nem`o*graph"ic  (#),  a. Produced by an anemograph; of or pertaining
   to anemography.

                                  Anemography

   An`e*mog"ra*phy (#), n. [Gr. -graphy.]

   1. A description of the winds.

   2.  The  art  of  recording the direction and force of the wind, as by
   means of an anemograph.

                                   Anemology

   An`e*mol"o*gy (#), n. [Gr. -logy.] The science of the wind.

                                  Anemometer

   An`e*mom"e*ter  (#),  n. [Gr. -meter.] An instrument for measuring the
   force or velocity of the wind; a wind gauge.

                          Anemometric, Anemometrical

   An`e*mo*met"ric  (#),  An`e*mo*met"ric*al  (#), a. Of or pertaining to
   anemometry.

                                Anemometrograph

   An`e*mo*met"ro*graph  (#),  n.  [Anemometer  + -graph.] An anemograph.
   Knight.

                                  Anemometry

   An`e*mom"e*try (#), n. The act or process of ascertaining the force or
   velocity of the wind.

                                    Anemone

   A*nem"o*ne (#), n. [L. anemone, Gr.

   1.  (Bot.)  A  genus  of  plants of the Ranunculus or Crowfoot family;
   windflower. Some of the species are cultivated in gardens.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) The sea anemone. See Actinia, and Sea anemone.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd is  so metimes pr onounced , especially by
     classical scholars.

                                   Anemonic

   An`e*mon"ic  (#),  a.  (Chem.)  An  acrid,  poisonous,  crystallizable
   substance, obtained from, the anemone, or from anemonin.

                                   Anemonin

   A*nem"o*nin  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  An  acrid,  poisonous,  crystallizable
   substance, obtained from some species of anemone.

                                    Anemony

   A*nem"o*ny (#), n. See Anemone. Sandys.

                                 Anemorphilous

   An`e*morph"i*lous  (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Fertilized by the agency of the
   wind;  --  said of plants in which the pollen is carried to the stigma
   by the wind; wind-Fertilized. Lubbock.

                                  Anemoscope

   A*nem"o*scope  (#),  n. [Gr. an\'82moscope.] An instrument which shows
   the  direction  of  the  wind;  a wind vane; a weathercock; -- usually
   applied  to a contrivance consisting of a vane above, connected in the
   building with a dial or index with pointers to show the changes of the
   wind.

                          Anencephalic, Anencephalous

   An*en`ce*phal"ic  (#),  An`en*ceph"a*lous  (#),  a.  [Gr. Encephalon.]
   (Zo\'94l.) Without a brain; brainless. Todd & B.

                                 Anenst, Anent

   A*nenst"  (#),  A*nent" (#), prep. [OE. anent, anentis, anence, anens,
   anents,  AS.  onefen,  onemn;  an,  on,  on  + efen even, equal; hence
   meaning,  on an equality with, even with, beside. See Even, a.] [Scot.
   & Prov. Eng.]

   1. Over against; as, he lives anent the church.

   2.  About;  concerning;  in  respect;  as,  he said nothing anent this
   particular.

                                  Anenterous

   An*en"ter*ous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) Destitute of a stomach or an
   intestine. Owen.

                                    Aneroid

   An"e*roid  (#),  a.  [Gr.  -oid: cf. F. an\'82ro\'8bde.] Containing no
   liquid;  --  said of kind of barometer. Aneroid barometer, a barometer
   the  action of which depends on the varying pressure of the atmosphere
   upon  the  elastic  top  of  a metallic box (shaped like a watch) from
   which  the  air  has  been  exhausted. An index shows the variation of
   pressure.

                                    Aneroid

   An"e*roid, n. An aneroid barometer.

                                     Anes

   Anes (#), adv. Once. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

                          Anesthesia, n., Anesthetic

   An`es*the"si*a  (#),  n., An`es*thet"ic (#), a. Same as An\'91sthesia,
   An\'91sthetic.

                                     Anet

   An"et (#), n. [F. aneth, fr. L. anethum, Gr. Anise.] The herb dill, or
   dillseed.

                                    Anethol

   An"e*thol  (#), n. [L. anethum (see Anise) + -ol.] (Chem.) A substance
   obtained from the volatile oils of anise, fennel, etc., in the form of
   soft shining scales; -- called also anise camphor. Watts.

                                    Anetic

   A*net"ic (#), a. [L. aneticus, Gr. (Med.) Soothing.

                                   Aneurism

   An"eu*rism  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Med.)  A  soft,  pulsating, hollow tumor,
   containing  blood,  arising from the preternatural dilation or rupture
   of the coats of an artery. [Written also aneurysm.]

                                  Aneurismal

   An`eu*ris"mal  (#),  a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to an aneurism; as, an
   aneurismal tumor; aneurismal diathesis. [Written also aneurysmal.]

                                     Anew

   A*new"  (#), adv. [Pref. a- + new.] Over again; another time; in a new
   form; afresh; as, to arm anew; to create anew. Dryden.

                                  Anfractuose

   An*frac"tu*ose`  (?;  135),  a.  [See  Anfractuous.]  Anfractuous; as,
   anfractuose anthers.

                                 Anfractuosity

   An*frac`tu*os"i*ty   (#),   n.;   l.   Anfractuosities  (#).  [Cf.  F.
   anfractuosit\'82.]

   1.  A  state  of  being anfractuous, or full of windings and turnings;
   sinuosity.

     The anfractuosities of his intellect and temper. Macaulay.

   2.  (Anat.)  A  sinuous depression or sulcus like those separating the
   convolutions of the brain.

                                  Anfractuous

   An*frac"tu*ous  (#),  a.  [L. anfractuosus, fr. anfractus a turning, a
   winding,  fr.  the  unused  anfringere  to wind, bend; an-, for amb- +
   fractus,  p.  p.  of  frangere to break: cf. F. anfractueux.] Winding;
   full  of windings and turnings; sinuous; tortuous; as, the anfractuous
   spires of a born. -- An*frac"tu*ous*ness, n.

                                  Anfracture

   An*frac"ture (#), n. A mazy winding.

                                  Angariation

   An*ga"ri*a"tion  (#),  n. [LL. angariatio, fr. L. angaria service to a
   lord, villenage, fr. anga, Gr. Exaction of forced service; compulsion.
   [Obs.] Speed.

                          Angeiology, n., Angeiotomy

   An`gei*ol"o*gy  (#),  n.,  An`gei*ot"o*my,  etc.  Same  as  Angiology,
   Angiotomy, etc.

                                     Angel

   An"gel (#), n. [AS. \'91angel, engel, influenced by OF. angele, angle,
   F. ange. Both the AS. and the OF. words are from L. angelus, Gr.

   1. A messenger. [R.]

     The dear good angel of the Spring, The nightingale. B. Jonson.

   2.  A  spiritual,  celestial  being,  superior  to  man  in  power and
   intelligence. In the Scriptures the angels appear as God's messengers.

     O,  welcome,  pure-eyed  Faith,  white-handed  Hope,  Thou hovering
     angel, girt with golden wings. Milton.

   3.  One  of  a class of "fallen angels;" an evil spirit; as, the devil
   and his angels.

   4. A minister or pastor of a church, as in the Seven Asiatic churches.
   [Archaic]

     Unto-the angel of the church of Ephesus write. Rev. ii. 1.

   5. Attendant spirit; genius; demon. Shak.

   6. An appellation given to a person supposed to be of angelic goodness
   or loveliness; a darling.

     When pain and anguish wring the brow. Sir W. Scott.

   7. (Numis.) An ancient gold coin of England, bearing the figure of the
   archangel Michael. It varied in value from 6s. 8d. to 10s. Amer. Cyc.

     NOTE: &hand; An gel is sometimes used adjectively; as, angel grace;
     angel whiteness.

   Angel  bed,  a  bed  without  posts.  --  Angel fish. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A
   species of shark (Squatina angelus) from six to eight feet long, found
   on  the coasts of Europe and North America. It takes its name from its
   pectoral fins, which are very large and extend horizontally like wings
   when  spread. (b) One of several species of compressed, bright colored
   fishes  warm  seas,  belonging  to  the family, Ch\'91todontid\'91. --
   Angel  gold,  standard  gold. [Obs.] Fuller. -- Angel shark. See Angel
   fish.  --  Angel  shot (Mil.), a kind of chain shot. -- Angel water, a
   perfumed  liquid  made  at  first  chiefly  from  angelica; afterwards
   containing  rose,  myrtle,  and  orange-flower waters, with ambergris,
   etc. [Obs.]
   
                                   Angelage
                                       
   An"gel*age (#), n. Existence or state of angels. 

                                    Angelet

   An"gel*et (#), n. [OF. angelet.] A small gold coin formerly current in
   England; a half angel. Eng. Cyc.

                                  Angel fish

   An"gel fish. See under Angel.

                                   Angelhood

   An"gel*hood  (#), n. The state of being an angel; angelic nature. Mrs.
   Browning.

                              Angelic, Angelical

   An*gel"ic  (#), An*gel"ic*al (#), a. [L. angelicus, Gr. ang\'82lique.]
   Belonging  to,  or proceeding from, angels; resembling, characteristic
   of,  or  partaking  of  the  nature  of,  an  angel; heavenly; divine.
   "Angelic harps." Thomson."Angelical actions." Hooker.

     The union of womanly tenderness and angelic patience. Macaulay.

   Angelic  Hymn,  a  very  ancient  hymn  of the Christian Church; -- so
   called  from its beginning with the song of the heavenly host recorded
   in Luke ii. 14. Eadie.

                                    Angelic

   An*gel"ic,  a.  [From  Angelica.] (Chem.) Of or derived from angelica;
   as,  angelic  acid; angelic ether. Angelic acid, an acid obtained from
   angelica and some other plants.

                                   Angelica

   An*gel"i*ca (#), n. [NL. See Angelic.] (Bot.)

   1.  An  aromatic  umbelliferous  plant  (Archangelica  officinalis  or
   Angelica  archangelica) the leaf stalks of which are sometimes candied
   and  used  in  confectionery,  and  the roots and seeds as an aromatic
   tonic.

   2. The candied leaf stalks of angelica.
   Angelica  tree, a thorny North American shrub (Aralia spinosa), called
   also Hercules' club.

                                  Angelically

   An*gel"ic*al*ly (#), adv. Like an angel.

                                 Angelicalness

   An*gel"ic*al*ness,  n.  The  quality of being angelic; excellence more
   than human.

                                   Angelify

   An*gel"i*fy  (#),  v.  t.  To  make like an angel; to angelize. [Obs.]
   Farindon (1647).

                                   Angelize

   An"gel*ize  (#),  v.  t.  To raise to the state of an angel; to render
   angelic.

     It ought not to be our object to angelize, nor to brutalize, but to
     humanize man. W. Taylor.

                                   Angellike

   An"gel*like` (#), a. & adv. Resembling an angel.

                                  Angelolatry

   An`gel*ol"a*try (#), n. [Gr. Worship paid to angels.

                                  Angelology

   An`gel*ol"o*gy (#), n. [L. angelus, Gr. -logy.] A discourse on angels,
   or a body of doctrines in regard to angels.

     The   same  mythology  commanded  the  general  consent;  the  same
     angelology, demonology. Milman.

                                  Angelophany

   An`gel*oph"a*ny (#), n. [Gr. The actual appearance of an angel to man.

                                    Angelot

   An"ge*lot  (#),  n.  [F.  angelot,  LL. angelotus, angellotus, dim. of
   angelus. See Angel.]

   1.  A French gold coin of the reign of Louis XI., bearing the image of
   St.  Michael; also, a piece coined at Paris by the English under Henry
   VI. [Obs.]

   2.  An instrument of music, of the lute kind, now disused. Johnson. R.
   Browning.

   3. A sort of small, rich cheese, made in Normandy.

                                    Angelus

   An"ge*lus  (#),  n.  [L.]  (R. C. Ch.) (a) A form of devotion in which
   three  Ave  Marias  are  repeated.  It  is  said at morning, noon, and
   evening, at the sound of a bell. (b) The Angelus bell. Shipley.

                                     Anger

   An"ger  (#),  n.  [OE. anger, angre, affliction, anger, fr. Icel. angr
   affliction,  sorrow; akin to Dan. anger regret, Swed. \'86nger regret,
   AS.  ange  oppressed,  sad,  L. angor a strangling, anguish, angere to
   strangle,  Gr. amhas pain, and to. anguish, anxious, quinsy, and perh.
   awe, ugly. The word seems to have orig. meant to choke, squeeze.

   1.  Trouble;  vexation;  also,  physical pain or smart of a sore, etc.
   [Obs.]

     I  made  the  experiment, setting the moxa where . . . the greatest
     anger and soreness still continued. Temple.

   2.  A  strong passion or emotion of displeasure or antagonism, excited
   by  a real or supposed injury or insult to one's self or others, or by
   the intent to do such injury.

     Anger  is  like  A  full  hot  horse,  who  being  allowed his way,
     Self-mettle tires him. Shak.

   Syn.  --  Resentment;  wrath;  rage;  fury; passion; ire gall; choler;
   indignation;   displeasure;   vexation;   grudge;  spleen.  --  Anger,
   Indignation, Resentment, Wrath, Ire, Rage, Fury. Anger is a feeling of
   keen  displeasure (usually with a desire to punish) for what we regard
   as wrong toward ourselves or others. It may be excessive or misplaced,
   but is not necessarily criminal. Indignation is a generous outburst of
   anger  in  view  of  things which are indigna, or unworthy to be done,
   involving  what  is  mean,  cruel,  flagitious,  etc., in character or
   conduct.  Resentment  is  often  a moody feeling, leading one to brood
   over  his  supposed personal wrongs with a deep and lasting anger. See
   Resentment.  Wrath and ire (the last poetical) express the feelings of
   one  who is bitterly provoked. Rage is a vehement ebullition of anger;
   and  fury is an excess of rage, amounting almost to madness. Warmth of
   constitution  often gives rise to anger; a high sense of honor creates
   indignation  at  crime; a man of quick sensibilities is apt to cherish
   resentment;  the  wrath  and  ire  of  men  are often connected with a
   haughty  and  vindictive  spirit;  rage and fury are distempers of the
   soul to be regarded only with abhorrence.

                                     Anger

   An"ger  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Angered  (#);  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Angering.] [Cf. Icel. angra.]

   1. To make painful; to cause to smart; to inflame. [Obs.]

     He . . . angereth malign ulcers. Bacon.

   2. To excite to anger; to enrage; to provoke.

     Taxes  and  impositions . . . which rather angered than grieved the
     people. Clarendon.

                                    Angerly

   An"ger*ly, adv. Angrily. [Obs. or Poetic]

     Why, how now, Hecate! you look angerly. Shak.

                                   Angevine

   An"ge*vine  (#), a. [F. Angevin.] Of or pertaining to Anjou in France.
   -- n. A native of Anjou.

                                  Angienchyma

   An`gi*en"chy*ma  (#),  n.  [Gr. Parenchyma.] (Bot.) Vascular tissue of
   plants,  consisting  of  spiral  vessels,  dotted,  barred, and pitted
   ducts, and laticiferous vessels.

                                    Angina

   An*gi"na (#), n. [L., fr. angere to strangle, to choke. See Anger, n.]
   (Med.)  Any  inflammatory  affection  of  the  throat or faces, as the
   quinsy,  malignant  sore throat, croup, etc., especially such as tends
   to  produce  suffocation,  choking,  or  shortness  of  breath. Angina
   pectoris  (#),  a peculiarly painful disease, so named from a sense of
   suffocating  contraction or tightening of the lower part of the chest;
   -- called also breast pang, spasm of the chest.

                              Anginous, Anginose

   An"gi*nous  (#),  An"gi*nose`  (#),  a. (Med.) Pertaining to angina or
   angina pectoris.

                                    Angio-

   An"gi*o- (#). [Gr. A prefix, or combining form, in numerous compounds,
   usually  relating  to seed or blood vessels, or to something contained
   in, or covered by, a vessel.

                                 Angiocarpous

   An`gi*o*car"pous  (#),  a.  [Angio-  +  Gr.  (Bot.)  (a)  Having fruit
   inclosed  within  a  covering that does not form a part of itself; as,
   the  filbert  covered  by its husk, or the acorn seated in its cupule.
   Brande  &  C.  (b)  Having  the seeds or spores covered, as in certain
   lichens. Gray.

                                  Angiofraphy

   An`gi*of"ra*phy  (#),  n.  [Angio-  +  -graphy:  cf. F. angiographie.]
   (Anat.) A description of blood vessels and lymphatics.

                                   Angiology

   An`gi*ol"o*gy  (#),  n. [Angio- + -logy.] (Anat.) That part of anatomy
   which treats of blood vessels and lymphatics.

                                    Angioma

   An`gi*o"ma  (#),  n.  [  +  -oma.]  (Med.) A tumor composed chiefly of
   dilated blood vessels.

                               Angiomonospermous

   An`gi*o*mon`o*sper"mous   (#),  a.  [Angio-  +  monospermous.]  (Bot.)
   Producing one seed only in a seed pod.

                                  Angioscope

   An"gi*o*scope  (#),  n. [Angio- + -scope.] An instrument for examining
   the capillary vessels of animals and plants. Morin.

                                  Angiosperm

   An"gi*o*sperm (#), n. [Angio- + Gr. (Bot.) A plant which has its seeds
   inclosed in a pericarp.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm is  re stricted to  ex ogenous pl ants, and
     applied  to  one  of  the two grand divisions of these species, the
     other  division  including  gymnosperms,  or those which have naked
     seeds.  The  oak,  apple,  beech,  etc., are angiosperms, while the
     pines, spruce, hemlock, and the allied varieties, are gymnosperms.

                                Angiospermatous

   An`gi*o*sper"ma*tous (#), a. (Bot.) Same as Angiospermous.

                                 Angiospermous

   An`gi*o*sper"mous  (#),  a.  (Bot.)  Having seeds inclosed in a pod or
   other pericarp.

                                 Angiosporous

   An`gi*os"po*rous  (#),  a.  [Angio-  +  spore.]  (Bot.)  Having spores
   contained in cells or thec\'91, as in the case of some fungi.

                                 Angiostomous

   An`gi*os"to*mous (#), a. [Angio- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) With a narrow mouth,
   as the shell of certain gastropods.

                                   Angiotomy

   An`gi*ot"o*my  (#),  n.  [Angio- + Gr. (Anat.) Dissection of the blood
   vessels and lymphatics of the body. Dunglison. <-- p. 57 -->

                                     Angle

   An"gle  (#),  n.  [F.  angle,  L. angulus angle, corner; akin to uncus
   hook, Gr. angel hook, fish-hook, G. angel, and F. anchor.]

   1.  The  inclosed  space  near  the point where two lines; a corner; a
   nook.

     Into the utmost angle of the world. Spenser.

     To search the tenderest angles of the heart. Milton.

   2.  (Geom.)  (a)  The  figure  made  by. two lines which meet. (b) The
   difference  of direction of two lines. In the lines meet, the point of
   meeting is the vertex of the angle.

   3. A projecting or sharp corner; an angular fragment.

     Though but an angle reached him of the stone. Dryden.

   4. (Astrol.) A name given to four of the twelve astrological "houses."
   [Obs.] Chaucer.

   5.  [AS. angel.] A fishhook; tackle for catching fish, consisting of a
   line, hook, and bait, with or without a rod.

     Give me mine angle: we 'll to the river there. Shak.

     A fisher next his trembling angle bears. Pope.

   Acute  angle,  one  less  than  a  right  angle,  or less than 90°. --
   Adjacent  or  Contiguous  angles,  such as have one leg common to both
   angles.  -- Alternate angles. See Alternate. -- Angle bar. (a) (Carp.)
   An  upright  bar  at  the  angle where two faces of a polygonal or bay
   window  meet.  Knight.  (b)  (Mach.) Same as Angle iron. -- Angle bead
   (Arch.),  a  bead worked on or fixed to the angle of any architectural
   work,  esp.  for  protecting an angle of a wall. -- Angle brace, Angle
   tie  (Carp.),  a  brace  across  an  interior angle of a wooden frame,
   forming  the  hypothenuse  and  securing the two side pieces together.
   Knight.  --  Angle  iron (Mach.), a rolled bar or plate of iron having
   one  or  more  angles,  used for forming the corners, or connecting or
   sustaining  the  sides of an iron structure to which it is riveted. --
   Angle  leaf  (Arch.),  a  detail  in  the form of a leaf, more or less
   conventionalized,  used  to  decorate  and  sometimes to strengthen an
   angle.  --  Angle  meter, an instrument for measuring angles, esp. for
   ascertaining  the  dip  of strata. -- Angle shaft (Arch.), an enriched
   angle  bead,  often  having a capital or base, or both. -- Curvilineal
   angle,  one  formed  by  two  curved lines. -- External angles, angles
   formed  by  the  sides  of  any right-lined figure, when the sides are
   produced or lengthened. -- Facial angle. See under Facial. -- Internal
   angles,  those which are within any right-lined figure. -- Mixtilineal
   angle,  one  formed  by  a  right  line with a curved line. -- Oblique
   angle,  one acute or obtuse, in opposition to a right angle. -- Obtuse
   angle,  one  greater  than  a  right angle, or more than 90°. -- Optic
   angle.  See  under  Optic.  --  Rectilineal  or Right-lined angle, one
   formed  by two right lines. -- Right angle, one formed by a right line
   falling  on another perpendicularly, or an angle of 90° (measured by a
   quarter  circle).  -- Solid angle, the figure formed by the meeting of
   three  or more plane angles at one point. -- Spherical angle, one made
   by  the  meeting  of two arcs of great circles, which mutually cut one
   another  on  the  surface  of  a globe or sphere. -- Visual angle, the
   angle  formed  by  two rays of light, or two straight lines drawn from
   the  extreme  points  of  an  object  to the center of the eye. -- For
   Angles  of  commutation,  draught,  incidence, reflection, refraction,
   position,  repose,  fraction,  see  Commutation,  Draught,  Incidence,
   Reflection, Refraction, etc.

                                     Angle

   An"gle  (#),  v.  i. [imp. & p. p. Angled (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Angling
   (#).]

   1. To fish with an angle (fishhook), or with hook and line.

   2.  To use some bait or artifice; to intrigue; to scheme; as, to angle
   for praise.

     The hearts of all that he did angle for. Shak.

                                     Angle

   An"gle,  v. t. To try to gain by some insinuating artifice; to allure.
   [Obs.] "He angled the people's hearts." Sir P. Sidney.

                                    Angled

   An"gled  (#),  a. Having an angle or angles; -- used in compounds; as,
   right-angled, many-angled, etc.

     The thrice three-angled beechnut shell. Bp. Hall.

                                  Anglemeter

   An"gle*me`ter  (#),  n.  [Angle  +  -meter.]  An instrument to measure
   angles, esp. one used by geologists to measure the dip of strata.

                                    Angler

   An"gler (#), n.

   1. One who angles.

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  fish  (Lophius piscatorius), of Europe and America,
   having  a large, broad, and depressed head, with the mouth very large.
   Peculiar  appendages  on the head are said to be used to entice fishes
   within reach. Called also fishing frog, frogfish, toadfish, goosefish,
   allmouth, monkfish, etc.

                                    Angles

   An"gles (#), n. pl. [L. Angli. See Anglican.] (Ethnol.) An ancient Low
   German  tribe,  that  settled  in  Britain,  which  came  to be called
   Engla-land  (Angleland  or England). The Angles probably came from the
   district  of  Angeln  (now  within  the  limits of Schleswig), and the
   country now Lower Hanover, etc.

                                   Anglesite

   An"gle*site  (#),  n.  [From  the  Isle  of Anglesea.] (Min.) A native
   sulphate  of  lead.  It  occurs  in  white  or  yellowish transparent,
   prismatic crystals.

                                   Anglewise

   An"gle*wise`  (#), adv. [Angle + wise, OE. wise manner.] In an angular
   manner; angularly.

                                   Angleworm

   An"gle*worm`  (#),  n.  (Zo\'94l.) A earthworm of the genus Lumbricus,
   frequently used by anglers for bait. See Earthworm.

                                    Anglian

   An"gli*an  (#),  a.  Of  or pertaining to the Angles. -- n. One of the
   Angles.

                                    Anglic

   An"glic (#), a. Anglian.

                                   Anglican

   An"gli*can  (#),  a.  [Angli  the  Angles,  a  Germanic tribe in Lower
   Germany. Cf. English.]

   1.  English;  of  or  pertaining  to  England  or  the English nation;
   especially,  pertaining  to, or connected with, the established church
   of England; as, the Anglican church, doctrine, orders, ritual, etc.

   2. Pertaining to, characteristic of, or held by, the high church party
   of the Church of England.

                                   Anglican

   An"gli*can (#), n.

   1. A member of the Church of England.

     Whether Catholics, Anglicans, or Calvinists. Burke.

   2. In a restricted sense, a member of the High Church party, or of the
   more advanced ritualistic section, in the Church of England.

                                  Anglicanism

   An"gli*can*ism (#), n.

   1.  Strong  partiality  to  the  principles and rites of the Church of
   England.

   2.  The  principles  of  the established church of England; also, in a
   restricted sense, the doctrines held by the high-church party.

   3. Attachment to England or English institutions.

                                    Anglice

   An"gli*ce  (#),  adv.  [NL.]  In  English;  in the English manner; as,
   Livorno, Anglice Leghorn.

                                   Anglicify

   An*glic"i*fy  (#),  v. t. [NL. Anglicus English + -fly.] To anglicize.
   [R.]

                                   Anglicism

   An"gli*cism (#), n. [Cf. F. anglicisme.]

   1.  An  English  idiom;  a  phrase  or  form  language peculiar to the
   English. Dryden.

   2. The quality of being English; an English characteristic, custom, or
   method.

                                   Anglicity

   An*glic"i*ty (#), n. The state or quality of being English.

                                 Anglicization

   An`gli*ci*za"tion (#), n. The act of anglicizing, or making English in
   character.

                                   Anglicize

   An"gli*cize  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anglicized (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Anglicizing.]   To  make  English;  to  English;  to  anglify;  render
   conformable to the English idiom, or to English analogies.

                                    Anglify

   An"gli*fy  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Anglified (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Anglifying.] [L. Angli + -fly.] To convert into English; to anglicize.
   Franklin. Darwin.

                                    Angling

   An"gling  (#),  n.  The act of one who angles; the art of fishing with
   rod and line. Walton.

                                    Anglo-

   An"glo-  (#)  [NL.  Anglus  English.  See  Anglican.] A combining form
   meaning  the  same  as  English;  or English and, or English conjoined
   with;    as,    Anglo-Turkish   treaty,   Anglo-German,   Anglo-Irish.
   Anglo-American, . Of or pertaining to the English and Americans, or to
   the  descendants  of  Englishmen  in  America. -- n. A descendant from
   English ancestors born in America, or the United States. Anglo-Danish,
   a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  the English and Danes, or to the Danes who
   settled  in  England. Anglo-Indian, a. Of or pertaining to the English
   in  India,  or to the English and East Indian peoples or languages. --
   n.  One  of the Anglo-Indian race born or resident in the East Indies.
   Anglo-Norman,  a.  Of  or pertaining to the English and Normans, or to
   the  Normans who settled in England. -- n. One of the English Normans,
   or  the Normans who conquered England. Anglo-Saxon. See Anglo-Saxon in
   the Vocabulary.

                                Anglo-Catholic

   An"glo-Cath"o*lic,  a.,  Of  or  pertaining to a church modeled on the
   English   Reformation;   Anglican;  --  sometimes  restricted  to  the
   ritualistic or High Church section of the Church of England.

                                Anglo-Catholic

   An"glo-Cath"o*lic,  n.  A member of the Church of England who contends
   for its catholic character; more specifically, a High Churchman.

                                  Anglomania

   An"glo*ma"ni*a  (#),  n.  [Anglo'cf  +  mania.]  A  mania  for,  or an
   inordinate attachment to, English customs, institutions, etc.

                                  Anglomaniac

   An`glo*ma"ni*ac, n. One affected with Anglomania.

                                  Anglophobia

   An`glo*pho"bi*a  (#),  n.  [Anglo- + Gr. Intense dread of, or aversion
   to, England or the English. -- An"glo*phobe (#), n.

                                  Anglo-Saxon

   An"glo-Sax"on (#), n. [L. Angli-Saxones English Saxons.]

   1.  A  Saxon  of Britain, that is, an English Saxon, or one the Saxons
   who settled in England, as distinguished from a continental (or "Old")
   Saxon.

   2.  pl. The Teutonic people (Angles, Saxons, Jutes) of England, or the
   English people, collectively, before the Norman Conquest.

     It   is   quite   correct   to   call  \'92thelstan  "King  of  the
     Anglo-Saxons," but to call this or that subject of \'92thelstan "an
     Anglo-Saxon" is simply nonsense. E. A. Freeman.

   3.  The  language of the English people before the Conquest (sometimes
   called Old English). See Saxon.

   4.  One  of  the  race  or  people  who claim descent from the Saxons,
   Angles,  or  other Teutonic tribes who settled in England; a person of
   English descent in its broadest sense.

                                  Anglo-Saxon

   An"glo-Sax"on,  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  the  Anglo-Saxons or their
   language.

                                Anglo-Saxondom

   An"glo-Sax"on*dom (#), n. The Anglo-Saxon domain (i. e., Great Britain
   and the United States, etc.); the Anglo-Saxon race.

                                Anglo-Saxonism

   An"glo-Sax"on*ism (#), n.

   1.  A characteristic of the Anglo-Saxon race; especially, a word or an
   idiom of the Anglo-Saxon tongue. M. Arnold.

   2.  The  quality  or sentiment of being Anglo-Saxon, or English in its
   ethnological sense.

                                    Angola

   An*go"la (#), n. [A corruption of Angora.] A fabric made from the wool
   of the Angora goat.

                                  Angola pea

   An*go"la  pea`  (#). (Bot.) A tropical plant (Cajanus indicus) and its
   edible  seed,  a  kind  of  pulse; -- so called from Angola in Western
   Africa. Called also pigeon pea and Congo pea.

                                     Angor

   An"gor, n. [L. See Anger.] (Med.) Great anxiety accompanied by painful
   constriction  at  the  upper part of the belly, often with palpitation
   and oppression.

                                    Angora

   An*go"ra  (#),  n.  A city of Asia Minor (or Anatolia) which has given
   its  name  to  a goat, a cat, etc. Angora cat (Zo\'94l.), a variety of
   the  domestic  cat  with  very  long  and silky hair, generally of the
   brownish  white color. Called also Angola cat. See Cat. -- Angora goat
   (Zo\'94l.),  a variety of the domestic goat, reared for its long silky
   hair, which is highly prized for manufacture.

                                Angostura bark

   An`gos*tu"ra  bark"  (#).  [From Angostura, in Venezuela.] An aromatic
   bark used as a tonic, obtained from a South American of the rue family
   (Galipea cusparia, or officinalis). U. S. Disp.

                                Angoumois moth

   An`gou`mois"  moth"  (?;  115).  [So  named from Angoumois in France.]
   (Zo\'94l.)   A   small   moth  (Gelechia  cerealella)  which  is  very
   destructive  to wheat and other grain. The larva eats out the inferior
   of the grain, leaving only the shell.

                                    Angrily

   An"gri*ly (#), adv. In an angry manner; under the influence of anger.

                                   Angriness

   An"gri*ness,  n.  The  quality of being angry, or of being inclined to
   anger.

     Such  an  angriness of humor that we take fire at everything. Whole
     Duty of Man.

                                     Angry

   An"gry (#), a. [Compar. Angrier (#); superl. Angriest.] [See Anger.]

   1. Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [Obs.]

     God  had  provided  a  severe  and  angry education to chastise the
     forwardness of a young spirit. Jer. Taylor.

   2. Inflamed and painful, as a sore.

   3. Touched with anger; under the emotion of anger; feeling resentment;
   enraged;  -- followed generally by with before a person, and at before
   a thing.

     Be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves. Gen. xlv. 5.

     Wherefore should God be angry at thy voice? Eccles. v. 6.

   4.  Showing anger; proceeding from anger; acting as if moved by anger;
   wearing  the  marks  of anger; as, angry words or tones; an angry sky;
   angry waves. "An angry countenance." Prov. xxv. 23.

   5. Red. [R.]

     Sweet rose, whose hue, angry and brave. Herbert.

   6. Sharp; keen; stimulated. [R.]

     I never ate with angrier appetite. Tennyson.

   Syn.   --  Passionate;  resentful;  irritated;  irascible;  indignant;
   provoked; enraged; incensed; exasperated; irate; hot; raging; furious;
   wrathful; wroth; choleric; inflamed; infuriated.

                                   Anguiform

   An"gui*form (#), a. [L. angius snake + -form.] Snake-shaped.

                                 Anguilliform

   An*guil"li*form  (#),  a.  [L.  anguilla  eel (dim. of anguis snake) +
   -form.] Eel-shaped.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e "A nguill\'91formes" of Cuvier are fishes related
     to thee eel.

                                    Anguine

   An"guine  (#),  a. [L. anguinus, fr. anguis snake.] Of, pertaining to,
   or   resembling,  a  snake  or  serpent.  "The  anguine  or  snakelike
   reptiles." Owen.

                                   Anguineal

   An*guin"e*al (#), a. Anguineous.

                                  Anguineous

   An*guin"e*ous (#), a. [L. anguineus.] Snakelike.

                                    Anguish

   An"guish  (#), n. [OE. anguishe, anguise, angoise, F. angoisse, fr. L.
   angustia   narrowness,  difficulty,  distress,  fr.  angustus  narrow,
   difficult,  fr.  angere  to  press together. See Anger.] Extreme pain,
   either of body or mind; excruciating distress.

     But  they  hearkened  not unto Moses for anguish of spirit, and for
     cruel bondage. Ex. vi. 9.

     Anguish as of her that bringeth forth her first child. Jer. iv. 31.

     NOTE: Rarely used in the plural: -

     Ye miserable people, you must go to God in anguishes, and make your
     prayer to him. Latimer.

   Syn. -- Agony; pang; torture; torment. See Agony.

                                    Anguish

   An"guish,  v.  t.  [Cf.  F. angoisser, fr. L. angustiare.] To distress
   with extreme pain or grief. [R.] Temple.

                                    Angular

   An"gu*lar  (#),  a.  [L.  angularis,  fr.  angulus  angle, corner. See
   Angle.]

   1.  Relating  to  an  angle  or  to angles; having an angle or angles;
   forming  an  angle  or corner; sharp-cornered; pointed; as, an angular
   figure.

   2. Measured by an angle; as, angular distance.

   3.  Fig.:  Lean;  lank;  raw-boned;  ungraceful;  sharp  and  stiff in
   character;  as,  remarkably  angular  in his habits and appearance; an
   angular female.
   Angular aperture, Angular distance. See Aperture, Distance. -- Angular
   motion,  the motion of a body about a fixed point or fixed axis, as of
   a  planet  or  pendulum.  It  is equal to the angle passed over at the
   point or axis by a line drawn to the body. -- Angular point, the point
   at which the sides of the angle meet; the vertex. -- Angular velocity,
   the ratio of anuglar motion to the time employed in describing.

                                    Angular

   An"gu*lar,  n.  (Anat.)  A  bone  in the base of the lower jaw of many
   birds, reptiles, and fishes.

                                  Angularity

   An`gu*lar"i*ty  (#),  n.  The  quality  or  state  of  being  angular;
   angularness.

                                   Angularly

   An"gu*lar*ly  (#),  adv.  In  an  angular manner; with of at angles or
   corners. B. Jonson.

                                  Angularness

   An"gu*lar*ness, n. The quality of being angular.

                              Angulate, Angulated

   An"gu*late  (#), An"gu*la`ted (#), a. [L. angulatus, p. p. of angulare
   to  make  angular.]  Having  angles  or  corners; angled; as, angulate
   leaves.

                                   Angulate

   An"gu*late (#), v. t. To make angular.

                                  Angulation

   An`gu*la"tion (#), n. A making angular; angular formation. Huxley.

                                Angulo-dentate

   An"gu*lo-den"tate(#),  a..  [L.  angulus angle + dens, dentis, tooth.]
   (Bot.) Angularly toothed, as certain leaves.

                                  Angulometer

   An"gu*lom"e*ter (#), n. [L. angulus angle + -meter.] An instrument for
   measuring external angles.

                                   Angulose

   An"gu*lose` (#), a. Angulous. [R.]

                                  Angulosity

   An`gu*los"i*ty (#), n. A state of being angulous or angular. [Obs.]

                                   Angulous

   An"gu*lous  (#),  a.  [L. angulosus: cf. F. anguleux.] Angular; having
   corners; hooked. [R.]

     Held together by hooks and angulous involutions. Glanvill.

                                    Angust

   An*gust" (#), a. [L. angustus. See Anguish.] Narrow; strait. [Obs.]

                                   Angustate

   An*gus"tate  (#),  a.  [L.  angustatus,  p.  p.  of  angustare to make
   narrow.] Narrowed.

                                  Angustation

   An`gus*ta"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  or making narrow; a straitening or
   contacting. Wiseman. <-- p. 58 -->

                        Angustifoliate, Angustifolious

   An*gus`ti*fo"li*ate  (#),  An*gus`ti*fo"li*ous  (#),  a.  [L. angustus
   narrow  (see  Anguish)  +  folium  leaf.] (Bot.) Having narrow leaves.
   Wright.

                                Angustura bark

   An`gus*tu"ra bark` (#). See Angostura bark.

                                  Angwantibo

   An`gwan*ti"bo  (#),  n. (Zo\'94l.) A small lemuroid mammal (Arctocebus
   Calabarensis) of Africa. It has only a rudimentary tail.

                                    Anhang

   An*hang" (#), v. t. [AS. onhangian.] To hang. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Anharmonic

   An`har*mon"ic  (#), a. [F. anharmonique, fr. Gr. (Math.) Not harmonic.
   The  anharmonic  function  or  ratio of four points abcd on a straight
   line  is  the  quantity  (ac/ad):(bc/bd),  where  the  segments are to
   regarded as plus or minus, according to the order of the letters.
   
                                  Anhelation
                                       
   An`he*la"tion  (#),  n. [L. anhelatio, fr. anhelare to pant; an (perh.
   akin  to  E. on) + halare to breathe: cf. F. anh\'82lation.] Short and
   rapid breathing; a panting; asthma. Glanvill. 

                                    Anhele

   An*hele"  (#),  v.  i.  [Cf.  OF. aneler, anheler. See Anhelation.] To
   pant; to be breathlessly anxious or eager (for). [Obs.]

     They anhele . . . for the fruit of our convocation. Latimer.

                                   Anhelose

   An"he*lose (#), a. Anhelous; panting. [R.]

                                   Anhelous

   An*he"lous (#), a. [L. anhelus.] Short of breath; panting.

                                    Anhima

   An"hi*ma  (#), n. [Brazilian name.] A South American aquatic bird; the
   horned screamer or kamichi (Palamedea cornuta). See Kamichi.

                                    Anhinga

   An*hin"ga  (#),  n.  [Pg.]  (Zo\'94l.) An aquatic bird of the southern
   United States (Platus anhinga); the darter, or snakebird.

                                   Anhistous

   An*his"tous (#), a. [Gr. anhiste.] (Biol.) Without definite structure;
   as, an anhistous membrane.

                                  Anhungered

   An*hun"gered (#), a. Ahungered; longing. [Archaic]

                                   Anhydride

   An*hy"dride (#), n. [See Anhydrous.] (Chem.) An oxide of a nonmetallic
   body or an organic radical, capable of forming an acid by uniting with
   the  elements  of water; -- so called because it may be formed from an
   acid by the abstraction of water.

                                   Anhydrite

   An*hy"drite  (#),  n.  [See  Anhydrous.] (Min.) A mineral of a white a
   slightly  bluish  color,  usually massive. It is anhydrous sulphate of
   lime,  and  differs  from  gypsum  in not containing water (whence the
   name).

                                   Anhydrous

   An*hy"drous  (#),  a.  [Gr. Destitute of water; as, anhydrous salts or
   acids.

                                  Ani or Ano

   A"ni  (#)  or  A"no  (#), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A black bird of
   tropical America, the West Indies and Florida (Crotophaga ani), allied
   to the cuckoos, and remarkable for communistic nesting.

                                Anicut, Annicut

   An"i*cut,  An"ni*cut (#), n. [Tamil anai kattu dam building.] A dam or
   mole  made in the course of a stream for the purpose of regulating the
   flow of a system of irrigation. [India] Brande & C.

                                 Anidimatical

   An*id`i*mat"ic*al  (#),  a.  [Gr.  idiomatical.]  Not  idiomatic. [R.]
   Landor.

                               Anient, Anientise

   An"i*ent,  An`i*en"tise  (#), v. t. [OF. anientir, F. an\'82antir.] To
   frustrate; to bring to naught; to annihilate. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Anigh

   A*nigh" (#), prep. & adv. [Pref. a- + nigh.] Nigh. [Archaic]

                                Anight, Anights

   A*night" (#), A*nights" (#), adv. [OE. on niht.] In the night time; at
   night. [Archaic]

     Does he hawk anights still? Marston.

                                     Anil

   An"il  (#),  n.  [F.  anil,  Sp.  an\'c6l,  or  Pg.  anil; all fr. Ar.
   an-n\'c6l, for al-n\'c6l the indigo plant, fr. Skr. n\'c6la dark blue,
   n\'c6l\'c6  indigo,  indigo  plant.  Cf.  Lilac.] (Bot.) A West Indian
   plant  (Indigofera anil), one of the original sources of indigo; also,
   the indigo dye.

                                     Anile

   An"ile  (#),  a.  [L.  anilis,  fr.  anus an old woman.] Old-womanish;
   imbecile. "Anile ideas." Walpole.

                                   Anileness

   An"ile*ness (#), n. Anility. [R.]

                                    Anilic

   An*il"ic  (#),  a.  (Chem.)  Pertaining  to,  or  obtained from, anil;
   indigotic;  --  applied to an acid formed by the action of nitric acid
   on indigo. [R.]

                                    Anilide

   An"i*lide  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  One of a class of compounds which may be
   regarded  as  amides  in  which  more or less of the hydrogen has been
   replaced by phenyl.

                                    Aniline

   An"i*line  (?;  277), n. [See Anil.] (Chem.) An organic base belonging
   to  the  phenylamines.  It  may  be  regarded  as ammonia in which one
   hydrogen  atom  has  been  replaced  by  the  radical  phenyl. It is a
   colorless,   oily   liquid,   originally   obtained   from  indigo  by
   distillation,   but   now   largely  manufactured  from  coal  tar  or
   nitrobenzene as a base from which many brilliant dyes are made.

                                    Aniline

   An"i*line, a. Made from, or of the nature of, aniline.

                                    Anility

   A*nil"i*ty  (#),  n.  [L. anilitas. See Anile.] The state of being and
   old woman; old-womanishness; dotage. "Marks of anility." Sterne.

                                 Animadversal

   An`i*mad*ver"sal  (#),  n.  The  faculty  of perceiving; a percipient.
   [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

                                 Animadversion

   An`i*mad*ver"sion  (#), n. [L. animadversio, fr. animadvertere: cf. F.
   animadversion. See Animadvert.]

   1.  The  act or power of perceiving or taking notice; direct or simple
   perception. [Obs.]

     The soul is the sole percipient which hath animadversion and sense,
     properly so called. Glanvill.

   2. Monition; warning. [Obs.] Clarendon.

   3.  Remarks  by  way  of  criticism  and  usually  of censure; adverse
   criticism; reproof; blame.

     He   dismissed   their   commissioners   with   severe   and  sharp
     animadversions. Clarendon.

   4.  Judicial  cognizance  of  an  offense;  chastisement;  punishment.
   [Archaic]   "Divine   animadversions."   Wesley.  Syn.  --  Stricture;
   criticism; censure; reproof; blame; comment.

                                 Animadversive

   An`i*mad*ver"sive  (#), a. Having the power of perceiving; percipient.
   [Archaic] Glanvill.

     I  do  not  mean  there  is  a  certain number of ideas glaring and
     shining to the animadversive faculty. Coleridge.

                                  Animadvert

   An`i*mad*vert"  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Animadverted; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Animadverting.] [L. animadvertere; animus mind + advertere to turn to;
   ad to + vertere to turn.]

   1.  To  take  notice; to observe; -- commonly followed by that. Dr. H.
   More.

   2.  To  consider  or remark by way of criticism or censure; to express
   censure; -- with on or upon.

     I  should  not  animadvert  on him . . . if he had not used extreme
     severity in his judgment of the incomparable Shakespeare. Dryden.

   3.  To  take  cognizance  judicially; to inflict punishment. [Archaic]
   Grew. Syn. -- To remark; comment; criticise; censure.

                                 Animadverter

   An`i*mad*vert"er (#), n. One who animadverts; a censurer; also [Obs.],
   a chastiser.

                                    Animal

   An"i*mal  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr.  anima  breath, soul: cf. F. animal. See
   Animate.]

   1.  An  organized living being endowed with sensation and the power of
   voluntary  motion,  and  also characterized by taking its food into an
   internal  cavity  or stomach for digestion; by giving carbonic acid to
   the  air  and  taking  oxygen  in  the  process of respiration; and by
   increasing in motive power or active aggressive force with progress to
   maturity.

   2.  One  of the lower animals; a brute or beast, as distinguished from
   man; as, men and animals.

                                    Animal

   An"i*mal, a. [Cf. F. animal.]

   1. Of or relating to animals; as, animal functions.

   2.   Pertaining  to  the  merely  sentient  part  of  a  creature,  as
   distinguished  from the intellectual, rational, or spiritual part; as,
   the animal passions or appetites.

   3. Consisting of the flesh of animals; as, animal food.
   Animal  magnetism. See Magnetism and Mesmerism. -- Animal electricity,
   the  electricity  developed  in  some  animals,  as  the electric eel,
   torpedo,  etc.  --  Animal  flower (Zo\'94l.), a name given to certain
   marine  animals  resembling a flower, as any species of actinia or sea
   anemone, and other Anthozoa, hydroids, starfishes, etc. -- Animal heat
   (Physiol.),  the  heat  generated  in  the body of a living animal, by
   means  of which the animal is kept at nearly a uniform temperature. --
   Animal  spirits.  See under Spirit. -- Animal kingdom, the whole class
   of  beings  endowed with animal life. It embraces several subkingdoms,
   and  under these there are Classes, Orders, Families, Genera, Species,
   and  sometimes  intermediate  groupings, all in regular subordination,
   but variously arranged by different writers.

     NOTE: The fo llowing ar e th e grand divisions, or subkingdoms, and
     the  principal  classes  under  them,  generally  recognized at the
     present  time: - Vertebrata, including Mammalia or Mammals, Aves or
     Birds,  Reptilia,  Amphibia,  Pisces  or  Fishes, Marsipobranchiata
     (Craniota);  and  Leptocardia  (Acrania).  Tunicata,  including the
     Thaliacea,  and  Ascidioidea  or Ascidians. Articulata or Annulosa,
     including  Insecta,  Myriapoda, Malacapoda, Arachnida, Pycnogonida,
     Merostomata,   Crustacea   (Arthropoda);   and   Annelida,  Gehyrea
     (Anarthropoda).   Helminthes   or   Vermes,   including   Rotifera,
     Ch\'91tognatha, Nematoidea, Acanthocephala, Nemertina, Turbellaria,
     Trematoda,  Cestoidea, Mesozea. Molluscoidea, including Brachiopoda
     and   Bryozoa.   Mollusca,   including   Cephalopoda,   Gastropoda,
     Pteropoda,     Scaphopoda,     Lamellibranchiata    or    Acephala.
     Echinodermata,  including  Holothurioidea, Echinoidea, Asterioidea,
     Ophiuroidea,  and  Crinoidea. C\'d2lenterata, including Anthozoa or
     Polyps,   Ctenophora,  and  Hydrozoa  or  Acalephs.  Spongiozoa  or
     Porifera,  including the sponges. Protozoa, including Infusoria and
     Rhizopoda. For definitions, see these names in the Vocabulary.

                           Animalcular, Animalculine

   An`i*mal"cu*lar  (#),  An`i*mal"cu*line  (#), a. Of, pertaining to, or
   resembling, animalcules. "Animalcular life." Tyndall.

                                  Animalcule

   An`i*mal"cule (#), n. [As if fr. a L. animalculum, dim. of animal.]

   1. A small animal, as a fly, spider, etc. [Obs.] Ray.

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  An  animal, invisible, or nearly so, to the naked eye.
   See Infusoria.

     NOTE: &hand; Ma ny of  the so-called animalcules have been shown to
     be  plants,  having  locomotive  powers  something  like  those  of
     animals.  Among  these  are  Volvox,  the  Desmidiac\'91,  and  the
     siliceous Diatomace\'91.

   Spermatic animalcules. See Spermatozoa.

                                 Animalculism

   An`i*mal"cu*lism  (#),  n.  [Cf. F. animalculisme.] (Biol.) The theory
   which seeks to explain certain physiological and pathological by means
   of animalcules.

                                 Animalculist

   An`i*mal"cu*list (#), n. [Cf. F. animalculiste.]

   1. One versed in the knowledge of animalcules. Keith.

   2. A believer in the theory of animalculism.

                                  Animalculum

   An`i*mal"cu*lum  (#), n.; pl. Animalcula (#). [NL. See Animalcule.] An
   animalcule.

     NOTE: &hand; Animalcul\'91, as if from a Latin singular animalcula,
     is a barbarism.

                                   Animalish

   An"i*mal*ish (#), a. Like an animal.

                                   Animalism

   An"i*mal*ism  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  animalisme.] The state, activity, or
   enjoyment  of  animals; mere animal life without intellectual or moral
   qualities; sensuality.

                                   Animality

   An`i*mal"i*ty  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  animalit\'82.]  Animal existence or
   nature. Locke.

                                 Animalization

   An`i*mal*i*za"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. animalisation.]

   1. The act of animalizing; the giving of animal life, or endowing with
   animal properties.

   2. Conversion into animal matter by the process of assimilation. Owen.

                                   Animalize

   An"i*mal*ize  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Animalized (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Animalizing.] [Cf. F. animaliser.]

   1.  To  endow with the properties of an animal; to represent in animal
   form. Warburton.

   2. To convert into animal matter by the processes of assimilation.

   3.  To  render  animal  or sentient; to reduce to the state of a lower
   animal; to sensualize.

     The  unconscious  irony  of  the  Epicurean poet on the animalizing
     tendency of his own philosophy. Coleridge.

                                   Animally

   An"i*mal*ly, adv. Physically. G. Eliot.

                                  Animalness

   An"i*mal*ness, n. Animality. [R.]

                                   Animastic

   An`i*mas"tic  (#),  a.  [L. anima breath, life.] Pertaining to mind or
   spirit; spiritual.

                                   Animastic

   An`i*mas"tic, n. Psychology. [Obs.]

                                    Animate

   An"i*mate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Animated;  p.  pr. & vb. n.
   Animating.]  [L.  animatus,  p. p. of animare, fr. anima breath, soul;
   akin  to  animus soul, mind, Gr. an to breathe, live, Goth. us-anan to
   expire  (us-  out),  Icel.  \'94nd  breath, anda to breathe, OHG. ando
   anger. Cf. Animal.]

   1.  To  give  natural life to; to make alive; to quicken; as, the soul
   animates the body.

   2.  To  give powers to, or to heighten the powers or effect of; as, to
   animate a lyre. Dryden.

   3. To give spirit or vigor to; to stimulate or incite; to inspirit; to
   rouse; to enliven.

     The  more  to  animate the people, he stood on high . . . and cried
     unto them with a loud voice. Knolles.

   Syn.   --   To  enliven;  inspirit;  stimulate;  exhilarate;  inspire;
   instigate; rouse; urge; cheer; prompt; incite; quicken; gladden.

                                    Animate

   An"i*mate  (#),  a.  [L.  animatus,  p.  p.] Endowed with life; alive;
   living; animated; lively.

     The admirable structure of animate bodies. Bentley.

                                   Animated

   An"i*ma`ted  (#),  a.  Endowed  with  life;  full  of  life or spirit;
   indicating  animation;  lively;  vigorous.  "Animated  sounds."  Pope.
   "Animated bust." Gray. "Animated descriptions." Lewis.

                                  Animatedly

   An"i*ma`ted*ly, adv. With animation.

                                   Animater

   An"i*ma`ter (#), n. One who animates. De Quincey.

                                   Animating

   An"i*ma"ting, a. Causing animation; life-giving; inspiriting; rousing.
   "Animating cries." Pope. -- An"i*ma`ting*ly, adv.

                                   Animation

   An`i*ma"tion (#), n. [L. animatio, fr. animare.]

   1.  The act of animating, or giving life or spirit; the state of being
   animate or alive.

     The  animation  of  the  same  soul quickening the whole frame. Bp.
     Hall.

     Perhaps  an  inanimate thing supplies me, while I am speaking, with
     whatever I posses of animation. Landor.

   2.  The  state  of  being  lively, brisk, or full of spirit and vigor;
   vivacity; spiritedness; as, he recited the story with great animation.
   Suspended  animation,  temporary suspension of the vital functions, as
   in  persons  nearly  drowned.  Syn.  --  Liveliness; vivacity; spirit;
   buoyancy;  airiness;  sprightliness;  promptitude;  enthusiasm; ardor;
   earnestness; energy. See Liveliness.

                                   Animative

   An"i*ma*tive  (#),  a  Having  the  power  of  giving  life or spirit.
   Johnson.

                                   Animator

   An"i*ma`tor (#), n. [L. animare.] One who, or that which, animates; an
   animater. Sir T. Browne.

                                   Anim\'82

   A"ni*m\'82`  (#),  a.  [F.,  animated.] (Her.) Of a different tincture
   from  the  animal  itself;  -- said of the eyes of a rapacious animal.
   Brande & C.

                                   Anim\'82

   A"ni*m\'82  (#),  n.  [F. anim\'82 animated (from the insects that are
   entrapped  in  it);  or  native name.] A resin exuding from a tropical
   American tree (Hymen\'91a courbaril), and much used by varnish makers.
   Ure.

                                    Animism

   An"i*mism (#), n. [Cf. F. animisme, fr. L. anima soul. See Animate.]

   1.  The  doctrine,  taught  by  Stahl,  that  the  soul  is the proper
   principle of life and development in the body.

   2.  The  belief that inanimate objects and the phenomena of nature are
   endowed  with  personal  life  or  a living soul; also, in an extended
   sense,  the  belief  in  the  existence  of  soul or spirit apart from
   matter. Tylor.

                                    Animist

   An"i*mist (#), n. [Cf. F. animiste.] One who maintains the doctrine of
   animism.

                                   Animistic

   An`i*mis"tic (#), a. Of or pertaining to animism. Huxley. Tylor.

                               Animose, Animous

   An`i*mose"  (#),  An"i*mous  (#),  a.  [L.  animosus, fr. animus soul,
   spirit, courage.] Full of spirit; hot; vehement; resolute. [Obs.] Ash.

                                  Animoseness

   An`i*mose"ness (#), n. Vehemence of temper. [Obs.]

                                   Animosity

   An`i*mos"i*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Animosities (#). [F. animosit\'82, fr. L.
   animositas. See Animose, Animate, v. t.]

   1. Mere spiritedness or courage. [Obs.] Skelton.

     Such  as  give  some  proof  of animosity, audacity, and execution,
     those she [the crocodile] loveth. Holland.

   2.  Violent  hatred  leading  to  active  opposition;  active  enmity;
   energetic  dislike.  Macaulay.  Syn. -- Enmity; hatred; opposition. --
   Animosity, Enmity. Enmity be dormant or concealed; animosity is active
   enmity,  inflamed  by  collision  and  mutual  injury between opposing
   parties. The animosities which were continually springing up among the
   clans  in  Scotland  kept  that  kingdom  in  a  state  of turmoil and
   bloodshed  for  successive  ages.  The  animosities  which  have  been
   engendered  among Christian sects have always been the reproach of the
   church.

     Such  [writings]  as  naturally conduce to inflame hatreds and make
     enmities irreconcilable. Spectator.

     [These]  factions . . . never suspended their animosities till they
     ruined that unhappy government. Hume.

                                    Animus

   An"i*mus  (#),  n.;  pl.  Animi  (#).  [L.,  mind.]  Animating spirit;
   intention; temper. nimus furandi [L.] (Law), intention of stealing.

                                     Anion

   An"i*on  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Chem.)  An  electro-negative element, or the
   element  which,  in electro-chemical decompositions, is evolved at the
   anode; -- opposed to cation. Faraday. <-- p. 59 -->

                                     Anise

   An"ise (#), n. [OE. anys, F. anis, L. anisum, anethum, fr. Gr.

   1. (Bot.) An umbelliferous plant (Pimpinella anisum) growing naturally
   in  Egypt,  and  cultivated in Spain, Malta, etc., for its carminative
   and aromatic seeds.

   2. The fruit or seeds of this plant.

                                    Aniseed

   An"i*seed (#), n. The seed of the anise; also, a cordial prepared from
   it. "Oil of aniseed." Brande & C.

                                   Anisette

   An`i*sette"  (#),  n.  [F.]  A French cordial or liqueur flavored with
   anise seeds. De Colange.

                                    Anisic

   A*nis"ic  (#),  a.  Of  or derived from anise; as, anisic acid; anisic
   alcohol.

                          Anisodactyla, Anisodactyls

   An`i*so*dac"ty*la (#), An`i*so*dac"tyls (#), n. pl. [NL. anisodactyla,
   fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A group of herbivorous mammals characterized by
   having  the hoofs in a single series around the foot, as the elephant,
   rhinoceros,   etc.   (b)   A   group   of  perching  birds  which  are
   anisodactylous.

                                Anisodactylous

   An`i*so*dac"ty*lous  (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Characterized by unequal toes,
   three turned forward and one backward, as in most passerine birds.

                                  Anisomeric

   An`i*so*mer"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Not isomeric; not made of the same
   components in the same proportions.

                                  Anisomerous

   An`i*som"er*ous  (#), a. [See Anisomeric.] (Bot.) Having the number of
   floral organs unequal, as four petals and six stamens.

                                  Anisometric

   An`i*so*met"ric   (#),  a.  [Gr.  isometric.]  Not  isometric;  having
   unsymmetrical  parts;  --  said  of  crystals with three unequal axes.
   Dana.

                                 Anisopetalous

   An`i*so*pet"al*ous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having unequal petals.

                                 Anisophyllous

   An`i*soph"yl*lous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having unequal leaves.

                                  Anisopleura

   An`i*so*pleu"ra  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  A primary
   division  of gastropods, including those having spiral shells. The two
   sides of the body are unequally developed.

                                   Anisopoda

   An`i*sop"o*da  (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) A division
   of  Crustacea,  which,  in  some  its characteristics, is intermediate
   between Amphipoda and Isopoda.

                                Anisostemonous

   An`i*so*stem"o*nous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having unequal stamens; having
   stamens different in number from the petals.

                                 Anisosthenic

   An`i*so*sthen"ic (#), a. [Gr. Of unequal strength.

                            Anisotrope, Anisotropic

   An"i*so*trope`   (#),  An`i*so*trop"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Physics)  Not
   isotropic;  having different properties in different directions; thus,
   crystals  of  the  isometric  system  are optically isotropic, but all
   other crystals are anisotropic.

                                 Anisotropous

   An`i*sot"ro*pous (#), a. Anisotropic.

                                     Anker

   An"ker (#), n. [D. anker: cf. LL. anceria, ancheria.] A liquid measure
   in various countries of Europe. The Dutch anker, formerly also used in
   England, contained about 10 of the old wine gallons, or 8

                                   Ankerite

   An"ker*ite  (#),  n.  [So  called  from Prof. Anker of Austria: cf. F.
   ank\'82rite,   G.  ankerit.]  (Min.)  A  mineral  closely  related  to
   dolomite, but containing iron.

                                     Ankle

   An"kle  (#),  n.  [OE.  ancle,  anclow,  AS.  ancleow;  akin  to Icel.
   \'94kkla,  \'94kli,  Dan. and Sw. ankel, D. enklaauw, enkel, G. enkel,
   and  perh.  OHG.  encha, ancha thigh, shin: cf. Skr. anga limb, anguri
   finger.  Cf.  Haunch.] The joint which connects the foot with the leg;
   the tarsus. Ankle bone, the bone of the ankle; the astragalus.

                                    Ankled

   An"kled   (#),   a.   Having  ankles;  --  used  in  composition;  as,
   well-ankled. Beau. & Fl.

                                    Anklet

   An"klet (#), n. An ornament or a fetter for the ankle; an ankle ring.

                                   Ankylose

   An"ky*lose (#), v. t. & i. Same as Anchylose.

                                   Ankylosis

   An`ky*lo"sis (#), n. Same as Anchylosis.

                                    Anlace

   An"lace  (#), n. [Origin unknown.] A broad dagger formerly worn at the
   girdle. [Written also anelace.]

                                  Ann, Annat

   Ann  (#), An"nat (#), n. [LL. annata income of a year, also, of half a
   year,  fr.  L.  annus  year: cf. F. annate annats.] (Scots Law) A half
   years's  stipend, over and above what is owing for the incumbency, due
   to a minister's heirs after his decease.

                                     Anna

   An"na  (#), n. [Hindi \'ben\'be.] An East Indian money of account, the
   sixteenth of a rupee, or about 2

                                     Annal

   An"nal (#), n. See Annals.

                                   Annalist

   An"nal*ist, n. [Cf. F. annaliste.] A writer of annals.

     The monks . . . were the only annalists in those ages. Hume.

                                  Annalistic

   An`nal*is"tic  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to,  or  after  the manner of, an
   annalist;  as,  the  dry annalistic style."A stiff annalistic method."
   Sir G. C. Lewis.

                                   Annalize

   An"nal*ize (#), v. t. To record in annals. Sheldon.

                                    Annals

   An"nals  (#),  n.  pl. [L. annalis (sc. liber), and more frequently in
   the pl. annales (sc. libri), chronicles, fr. annus year. Cf. Annual.]

   1.  A  relation  of  events  in  chronological order, each event being
   recorded under the year in which it happened. "Annals the revolution."
   Macaulay. "The annals of our religion." Rogers.

   2. Historical records; chronicles; history.

     The short and simple annals of the poor. Gray.

     It was one of the most critical periods in our annals. Burke.

   3.  sing.  The record of a single event or item. "In deathless annal."
   Young.

   4.   A   periodic  publication,  containing  records  of  discoveries,
   transactions  of  societies,  etc.;  as  "Annals  of Science." Syn. --
   History. See History.

                                Annats, Annates

   An"nats  (#),  An"nates  (#),  n. pl. [See Ann.] (Eccl. Law) The first
   year's profits of a spiritual preferment, anciently paid by the clergy
   to  the  pope;  first fruits. In England, they now form a fund for the
   augmentation of poor livings.

                                    Anneal

   An*neal"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Annealed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Annealing.]  [OE.  anelen to heat, burn, AS. an; an on + to burn; also
   OE. anelen to enamel, prob. influenced by OF. neeler, nieler, to put a
   black  enamel  on  gold  or  silver,  F. nieller, fr. LL. nigellare to
   blacken,  fr.  L.  nigellus blackish, dim. of niger black. Cf. Niello,
   Negro.]

   1.  To  subject  to  great  heat, and then cool slowly, as glass, cast
   iron,  steel,  or  other  metal,  for the purpose of rendering it less
   brittle; to temper; to toughen.

   2.  To  heat,  as  glass,  tiles,  or earthenware, in order to fix the
   colors laid on them.

                                   Annealer

   An*neal"er (#), n. One who, or that which, anneals.

                                   Annealing

   An*neal"ing, n.

   1.  The  process  used  to  render  glass,  iron,  etc., less brittle,
   performed by allowing them to cool very gradually from a high heat.

   2. The burning of metallic colors into glass, earthenware, etc.

                                   Annectent

   An*nec"tent  (#),  a.  [L.  annectere  to  tie or bind to. See Annex.]
   Connecting; annexing. Owen.

                              Annelid, Annelidan

   An`ne*lid  (#),  An*nel"i*dan  (#), a. [F. ann\'82lide, fr. anneler to
   arrange  in  rings,  OF.  anel  a ring, fr. L. anellus a ring, dim. of
   annulus  a  ring.]  (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Annelida. -- n.
   One of the Annelida.

                                   Annelida

   An*nel"i*da  (#),  n.  pl. [NL. See Annelid.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of
   the  Articulata,  having  the body formed of numerous rings or annular
   segments, and without jointed legs. The principal subdivisions are the
   Ch\'91topoda,   including   the   Oligoch\'91ta   or   earthworms  and
   Polych\'91ta  or  marine  worms;  and  the  Hirudinea  or leeches. See
   Ch\'91topoda.

                                  Annelidous

   An*nel"i*dous (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of the nature of an annelid.

                                   Annellata

   An`nel*la"ta (#), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) See Annelida.

                                   Anneloid

   An"ne*loid  (#), n. [F. annel\'82 ringed + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) An animal
   resembling an annelid.

                                     Annex

   An*nex"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Annexed  (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Annexing.]  [F.  annexer, fr. L. annexus, p. p. of annectere to tie or
   bind  to; ad + nectere to tie, to fasten together, akin to Skr. nah to
   bind.]

   1.  To  join  or  attach;  usually to subjoin; to affix; to append; --
   followed by to. "He annexed a codicil to a will." Johnson.

   2. To join or add, as a smaller thing to a greater.

     He annexed a province to his kingdom. Johnson.

   3.  To  attach  or  connect, as a consequence, condition, etc.; as, to
   annex  a  penalty to a prohibition, or punishment to guilt. Syn. -- To
   add; append; affix; unite; coalesce. See Add.

                                     Annex

   An*nex", v. i. To join; to be united. Tooke.

                                     Annex

   An*nex"  (#),  n.  [F.  annexe,  L.  annexus,  neut. annexum, p. p. of
   annectere.]   Something   annexed   or  appended;  as,  an  additional
   stipulation  to a writing, a subsidiary building to a main building; a
   wing.

                                  Annexation

   An`nex*a"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. annexation. See Annex, v. t.]

   1.  The  act  of annexing; process of attaching, adding, or appending;
   the  act  of  connecting;  union;  as,  the annexation of Texas to the
   United States, or of chattels to the freehold.

   2.  (a)  (Law) The union of property with a freehold so as to become a
   fixture.  Bouvier. (b) (Scots Law) The appropriation of lands or rents
   to the crown. Wharton.

                                 Annexationist

   An`nex*a"tion*ist, n. One who favors annexation.

                                    Annexer

   An*nex"er (#), n. One who annexes.

                                   Annexion

   An*nex"ion  (#),  n.  [L.  annexio  a  tying  to,  connection:  cf. F.
   annexion.] Annexation. [R.] Shak.

                                  Annexionist

   An*nex"ion*ist, n. An annexationist. [R.]

                                   Annexment

   An*nex"ment  (#),  n.  The  act  of  annexing,  or  the thing annexed;
   appendage. [R.] Shak.

                                  Annihilable

   An*ni"hi*la*ble (#), a. Capable of being annihilated.

                                  Annihilate

   An*ni"hi*late  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Annihilated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Annihilating.]  [L. annihilare; ad + nihilum, nihil, nothing, ne hilum
   (filum) not a thread, nothing at all. Cf. File, a row.]

   1.  To reduce to nothing or nonexistence; to destroy the existence of;
   to cause to cease to be.

     It impossible for any body to be utterly annihilated. Bacon.

   2.  To destroy the form or peculiar distinctive properties of, so that
   the  specific  thing  no  longer exists; as, to annihilate a forest by
   cutting down the trees. "To annihilate the army." Macaulay.

   3.  To destroy or eradicate, as a property or attribute of a thing; to
   make  of  no effect; to destroy the force, etc., of; as, to annihilate
   an argument, law, rights, goodness.

                                  Annihilate

   An*ni"hi*late (#), a. Anhilated. [Archaic] Swift.

                                 Annihilation

   An*ni`hi*la"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. annihilation.]

   1.  The  act  of  reducing  to nothing, or nonexistence; or the act of
   destroying  the  form  or  combination  of  parts  under which a thing
   exists,  so  that  the  name  can  no longer be applied to it; as, the
   annihilation of a corporation.

   2. The state of being annihilated. Hooker.

                                Annihilationist

   An*ni`hi*la"tion*ist,  n.  (Theol.)  One  who  believes  that  eternal
   punishment   consists  in  annihilation  or  extinction  of  being;  a
   destructionist.

                                 Annihilative

   An*ni"hi*la*tive (#), a. Serving to annihilate; destructive.

                                  Annihilator

   An*ni"hi*la`tor  (#),  n.  One  who, or that which, annihilates; as, a
   fire annihilator.

                                 Annihilatory

   An*ni"hi*la*to*ry (#), a. Annihilative.

                                 Anniversarily

   An`ni*ver"sa*ri*ly (#), adv. Annually. [R.] Bp. Hall.

                                  Anniversary

   An`ni*ver"sa*ry  (#),  a.  [L.  anniversarius;  annus  year + vertere,
   versum,  to  turn: cf. F. anniversaire.] Returning with the year, at a
   stated time; annual; yearly; as, an anniversary feast. Anniversary day
   (R. C. Ch.). See Anniversary, n., 2. -- Anniversary week, that week in
   the  year  in  which  the  annual meetings of religious and benevolent
   societies are held in Boston and New York. [Eastern U. S.]

                                  Anniversary

   An`ni*ver"sa*ry, n.; pl. Anniversaries (#). [Cf. F. anniversaire.]

   1. The annual return of the day on which any notable event took place,
   or is wont to be celebrated; as, the anniversary of the Declaration of
   Independence.

   2.  (R. C. Ch.) The day on which Mass is said yearly for the soul of a
   deceased  person;  the  commemoration  of  some  sacred  event, as the
   dedication of a church or the consecration of a pope.

   3. The celebration which takes place on an anniversary day. Dryden.

                                   Anniverse

   An"ni*verse   (#),  n.  [L.  anni  versus  the  turning  of  a  year.]
   Anniversary. [Obs.] Dryden.

                                   Annodated

   An"no*da`ted (#), a. [L. ad to + nodus a knot.] (Her.) Curved somewhat
   in the form of the letter S. Cussans.

                                  Anno Domini

   An"no  Dom"i*ni  (#).  [L.,  in the year of [our] Lord [Jesus Christ];
   usually  abbrev.  a.  d.]  In the year of the Christian era; as, a. d.
   1887.

                                  Annominate

   An*nom"i*nate (#), v. t. To name. [R.]

                                 Annomination

   An*nom`i*na"tion (#), n. [L. annominatio. See Agnomination.]

   1. Paronomasia; punning.

   2. Alliteration. [Obs.] Tyrwhitt.

                                   Annotate

   An"no*tate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Annotated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Annotating.] [L. annotatus; p. p. of annotare to annotate; ad + notare
   to  mark,  nota  mark. See Note, n.] To explain or criticize by notes;
   as, to annotate the works of Bacon.

                                   Annotate

   An"no*tate, v. i. To make notes or comments; -- with on or upon.

                                  Annotation

   An`no*ta"tion (#), n. [L. annotatio: cf. F. annotation.] A note, added
   by  way  of  comment,  or  explanation;  -- usually in the plural; as,
   annotations on ancient authors, or on a word or a passage.

                                 Annotationist

   An`no*ta"tion*ist, n. An annotator. [R.]

                                  Annotative

   An"no*ta*tive  (#),  a. Characterized by annotations; of the nature of
   annotation.

                                   Annotator

   An"no*ta`tor (#), n. [L.] A writer of annotations; a commentator.

                                  Annotatory

   An*no"ta*to*ry   (#),   a.  Pertaining  to  an  annotator;  containing
   annotations. [R.]

                                   Annotine

   An"no*tine  (#),  n.  [L. annotinus a year old.] (Zo\'94l.) A bird one
   year old, or that has once molted.

                                  Annotinous

   An*not"i*nous  (#),  a.  [L. annotinus, fr. annus year.] (Bot.) A year
   old; in Yearly growths.

                               Annotto, Arnotto

   An*not"to  (#),  Ar*not"to  (#),  n. [Perh. the native name.] A red or
   yellowish-red  dyeing material, prepared from the pulp surrounding the
   seeds  of  a tree (Bixa orellana) belonging to the tropical regions of
   America.  It  is  used for coloring cheese, butter, etc. [Written also
   Anatto, Anatta, Annatto, Annotta, etc.]

                                   Announce

   An*nounce"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Announced (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Announcing  (#).]  [OF. anoncier, F. annoncer, fr. L. annuntiare; ad +
   nuntiare  to  report,  relate,  nuntius messenger, bearer of news. See
   Nuncio, and cf. Annunciate.]

   1.  To  give  public  notice,  or  first  notice of; to make known; to
   publish; to proclaim.

     Her [Q. Elizabeth's] arrival was announced through the country by a
     peal of cannon from the ramparts. Gilpin.

   2. To pronounce; to declare by judicial sentence.

     Publish laws, announce Or life or death. Prior.

   Syn. -- To proclaim; publish; make known; herald; declare; promulgate.
   -- To Publish, Announce, Proclaim, Promulgate. We publish what we give
   openly  to  the world, either by oral communication or by means of the
   press;  as, to publish abroad the faults of our neighbors. We announce
   what we declare by anticipation, or make known for the first time; as,
   to announce the speedy publication of a book; to announce the approach
   or arrival of a distinguished personage. We proclaim anything to which
   we  give the widest publicity; as, to proclaim the news of victory. We
   promulgate  when we proclaim more widely what has before been known by
   some; as, to promulgate the gospel.

                                 Announcement

   An*nounce"ment  (#),  n. The act of announcing, or giving notice; that
   which announces; proclamation; publication.

                                   Announcer

   An*noun"cer (#), n. One who announces. <-- p. 60 -->

                                     Annoy

   An*noy"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Annoyed  (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Annoying.]  [OE.  anoien,  anuien, OF. anoier, anuier, F. ennuyer, fr.
   OF. anoi, anui, enui, annoyance, vexation, F. ennui. See Annoy, n.] To
   disturb  or  irritate,  especially  by  continued or repeated acts; to
   tease; to ruffle in mind; to vex; as, I was annoyed by his remarks.

     Say, what can more our tortured souls annoy Than to behold, admire,
     and lose our joy? Prior.

   2. To molest, incommode, or harm; as, to annoy an army by impeding its
   march,  or  by  a  cannonade. Syn. -- To molest; vex; trouble; pester;
   embarrass; perplex; tease.

                                     Annoy

   An*noy"  (#), n. [OE. anoi, anui, OF. anoi, anui, enui, fr. L. in odio
   hatred (esse alicui in odio, Cic.). See Ennui, Odium, Noisome, Noy.] A
   feeling  of  discomfort or vexation caused by what one dislikes; also,
   whatever causes such a feeling; as, to work annoy.

     Worse than Tantalus' is her annoy. Shak.

                                   Annoyance

   An*noy"ance (#), n. [OF. anoiance, anuiance.]

   1.  The  act  of annoying, or the state of being annoyed; molestation;
   vexation; annoy.

     A deep clay, giving much annoyance to passengers. Fuller.

     For  the  further  annoyance and terror of any besieged place, they
     would throw into it dead bodies. Wilkins.

   2. That which annoys.

     A  grain,  a  dust, a gnat, a wandering hair, Any annoyance in that
     precious sense. Shak.

                                    Annoyer

   An*noy"er (#), n. One who, or that which, annoys.

                                   Annoyful

   An*noy"ful (#), a. Annoying. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Annoying

   An*noy"ing,  a.  That  annoys; molesting; vexatious. -- An*noy"ing*ly,
   adv.

                                   Annoyous

   An*noy"ous (#), a. [OF. enuius, anoios.] Troublesome; annoying. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                    Annual

   An"nu*al  (?;  135),  a.  [OE. annuel, F. annuel, fr. L. annualis, fr.
   annus year. Cf. Annals.]

   1.  Of  or  pertaining  to  a  year;  returning  every year; coming or
   happening once in the year; yearly.

     The annual overflowing of the river [Nile]. Ray.

   2.  Performed or accomplished in a year; reckoned by the year; as, the
   annual motion of the earth.

     A thousand pound a year, annual support. Shak.

   2.  Lasting  or  continuing  only  one  year  or  one  growing season;
   requiring  to  be  renewed  every  year;  as,  an annual plant; annual
   tickets. Bacon.

                                    Annual

   An"nu*al, n.

   1.  A  thing  happening  or  returning  yearly;  esp.  a literary work
   published once a year.

   2. Anything, especially a plant, that lasts but one year or season; an
   annual plant.

     Oaths  .  .  . in some sense almost annuals; . . . and I myself can
     remember about forty different sets. Swift.

   3.  (R.  C.  Ch.)  A  Mass  for  a deceased person or for some special
   object, said daily for a year or on the anniversary day.

                                   Annualist

   An"nu*al*ist, n. One who writes for, or who edits, an annual. [R.]

                                   Annually

   An"nu*al*ly, adv. Yearly; year by year.

                                    Annuary

   An"nu*a*ry (#), a. [Cf. F. annuaire.] Annual. [Obs.] -- n. A yearbook.

                                   Annueler

   An"nu*el*er   (#),   n.  A  priest  employed  in  saying  annuals,  or
   anniversary Masses. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Annuent

   An"nu*ent  (#), a. [L. annuens, p. pr. of annuere; ad + nuere to nod.]
   Nodding; as, annuent muscles (used in nodding).

                                   Annuitant

   An*nu"i*tant  (#), n. [See Annuity.] One who receives, or its entitled
   to receive, an annuity. Lamb.

                                    Annuity

   An*nu"i*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Annuities (#). [LL. annuitas, fr. L. annus
   year:  cf. F. annuit\'82.] A sum of money, payable yearly, to continue
   for  a  given  number  of  years,  for  life,  or  forever;  an annual
   allowance.

                                     Annul

   An*nul"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Annulled (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Annulling.]  [F.  annuler,  LL.  annullare,  annulare,  fr. L. ad to +
   nullus none, nullum, neut., nothing. See Null, a.]

   1. To reduce to nothing; to obliterate.

     Light,  the prime work of God, to me's extinct. And all her various
     objects of delight Annulled. Milton.

   2.  To  make  void or of no effect; to nullify; to abolish; to do away
   with;  --  used  appropriately  of laws, decrees, edicts, decisions of
   courts,  or  other  established rules, permanent usages, and the like,
   which are made void by component authority.

     Do  they  mean to annul laws of inestimable value to our liberties?
     Burke.

   Syn.  --  To  abolish;  abrogate;  repeal;  cancel;  reverse; rescind;
   revoke; nullify; destroy. See Abolish.

                                    Annular

   An"nu*lar (#), a. [L. annularis, fr. annulis ring: cf. F. annulaire.]

   1.  Pertaining  to,  or  having  the  form of, a ring; forming a ring;
   ringed; ring-shaped; as, annular fibers.

   2. Banded or marked with circles.
   Annular  eclipse (Astron.), an eclipse of the sun in which the moon at
   the middle of the eclipse conceals the central part of the sun's disk,
   leaving a complete ring of light around the border.

                                  Annularity

   An`nu*lar"i*ty  (#),  n. Annular condition or form; as, the annularity
   of a nebula. J. Rogers.

                                   Annularry

   An"nu*lar*ry, adv. In an annular manner.

                                   Annulary

   An"nu*la*ry  (#), a. [L. annularis. See Annular.] Having the form of a
   ring; annular. Ray.

                                   Annulata

   An`nu*la"ta  (#),  n.  pl.  [Neut.  pl.,  fr.  L.  annulatus  ringed.]
   (Zo\'94l.)  A  class  of  articulate  animals,  nearly  equivalent  to
   Annelida,   including   the  marine  annelids,  earthworms,  Gephyrea,
   Gymnotoma, leeches, etc. See Annelida.

                                   Annulate

   An"nu*late (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Annulata.

                              Annulate, Annulated

   An"nu*late, An"nu*la`ted (#) a. [L. annulatus.]

   1.  Furnished with, or composed of, rings; ringed; surrounded by rings
   of color.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Annulata.

                                  Annulation

   An`nu*la"tion  (#),  n.  A  circular  or ringlike formation; a ring or
   belt. Nicholson.

                                    Annulet

   An"nu*let (#), n. [Dim. of annulus.]

   1. A little ring. Tennyson.

   2.  (Arch.)  A  small, flat fillet, encircling a column, etc., used by
   itself,  or  with  other moldings. It is used, several times repeated,
   under the Doric capital.

   3. (Her.) A little circle borne as a charge.

   4.  (Zo\'94l.)  A narrow circle of some distinct color on a surface or
   round an organ.

                                  Annullable

   An*nul"la*ble (#), a. That may be Annulled.

                                   Annuller

   An*nul"ler (#), n. One who annuls. [R.]

                                   Annulment

   An*nul"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  annulement.]  The  act  of annulling;
   abolition; invalidation.

                                   Annuloid

   An"nu*loid (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Annuloida.

                                   Annuloida

   An`nu*loid"a (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. annulus ring + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.)
   A  division  of  the  Articulata,  including  the  annelids and allied
   groups;  sometimes made to include also the helminths and echinoderms.
   [Written also Annuloidea.]

                                   Annulosa

   An"nu*lo"sa   (#),   n.   pl.  [NL.]  (Zo\'94l.)  A  division  of  the
   Invertebrata,  nearly  equivalent  to  the Articulata. It includes the
   Arthoropoda  and  Anarthropoda. By some zo\'94logists it is applied to
   the former only.

                                   Annulosan

   An`nu*lo"san (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Annulosa.

                                   Annulose

   An"nu*lose` (, a. [L. annulus ring.]

   1. Furnished with, or composed of, rings or ringlike segments; ringed.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Annulosa.

                                    Annulus

   An"nu*lus (#), n.; pl. Annuli (#). [L.]

   1. A ring; a ringlike part or space.

   2.  (Geom.)  (a)  A  space contained between the circumferences of two
   circles,  one  within  the  other.  (b)  The  solid formed by a circle
   revolving  around a line which is the plane of the circle but does not
   cut it.

   3.  (Zo\'94l.)  Ring-shaped structures or markings, found in, or upon,
   various animals.

                                  Annumerate

   An*nu"mer*ate  (#),  v.  t.  [L. annumeratus, p. p. of annumerare. See
   Numerate.] To add on; to count in. [Obs.] Wollaston.

                                 Annumeration

   An*nu`mer*a"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  annumeratio.]  Addition  to  a former
   number. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                  Annunciable

   An*nun"ci*a*ble (#), a. That may be announced or declared; declarable.
   [R.]

                                  Annunciate

   An*nun"ci*ate  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Annunciated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Annunciating.] [L. annuntiare. See Announce.] To announce.

                                  Annunciate

   An*nun"ci*ate (#), p. p. & a. Foretold; preannounced. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                 Annunciation

   An*nun`ci*a"tion (?; 277), n. [L. annuntiatio: cf. F. annonciation.]

   1.   The  act  of  announcing;  announcement;  proclamation;  as,  the
   annunciation of peace.

   2.  (Eccl.) (a) The announcement of the incarnation, made by the angel
   Gabriel  to  the Virgin Mary. (b) The festival celebrated (March 25th)
   by  the  Church  of  England,  of Rome, etc., in memory of the angel's
   announcement, on that day; Lady Day.

                                 Annunciative

   An*nun"ci*a*tive  (#), a. Pertaining to annunciation; announcing. [R.]
   Dr. H. More.

                                  Annunciator

   An*nun"ci*a`tor (#), n. [L. annuntiator.]

   1.  One  who  announces.  Specifically:  An  officer  in the church of
   Constantinople,  whose  business  it  was  to inform the people of the
   festivals to be celebrated.

   2.  An  indicator  (as  in  a  hotel)  which designates the room where
   attendance is wanted.

                                 Annunciatory

   An*nun"ci*a*to*ry  (#), a. Pertaining to, or containing, announcement;
   making known. [R.]

                                     Anoa

   A*noa"  (#),  n.  [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A small wild ox of Celebes
   (Anoa  depressicornis),  allied to the buffalo, but having long nearly
   straight horns.

                                     Anode

   An"ode  (#), n. [Gr. (Elec.) The positive pole of an electric battery,
   or  more  strictly  the  electrode  by  which  the  current enters the
   electrolyte on its way to the other pole; -- opposed to cathode.

                                    Anodon

   An"o*don  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fresh-water
   bivalves, having to teeth at the hinge. [Written also Anodonta.]

                                    Anodyne

   An"o*dyne  (#), a. [L. anodynus, Gr. anodin.] Serving to assuage pain;
   soothing.

     The anodyne draught of oblivion. Burke.

     NOTE: &hand; "T he wo rd [in a medical sense] in chiefly applied to
     the  different  preparations  of opium, belladonna, hyoscyamus, and
     lettuce."

   Am. Cyc.

                                    Anodyne

   An"o*dyne, n. [L. anodynon. See Anodyne, a.] Any medicine which allays
   pain,  as  an  opiate  or  narcotic;  anything  that soothes disturbed
   feelings.

                                   Anodynous

   An"o*dy`nous (#), a. Anodyne.

                                     Anoil

   A*noil"  (#),  v.  t.  [OF.  enoilier.]  The  anoint  with oil. [Obs.]
   Holinshed.

                                    Anoint

   A*noint"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Anointed;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Anointing.]  [OF.  enoint,  p.  p.  of enoindre, fr. L. inungere; in +
   ungere, unguere, to smear, anoint. See Ointment, Unguent.]

   1.  To  smear  or rub over with oil or an unctuous substance; also, to
   spread over, as oil.

     And fragrant oils the stiffened limbs anoint. Dryden.

     He anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay. John ix. 6.

   2.  To  apply  oil  to  or  to  pour oil upon, etc., as a sacred rite,
   especially for consecration.

     Then  shalt  thou  take  the  anointing  oil,  and pour it upon his
     [Aaron's] head and anoint him. Exod. xxix. 7.

     Anoint Hazael to be king over Syria. 1 Kings xix. 15.

   The  Lord's  Anointed,  Christ or the Messiah; also, a Jewish or other
   king by "divine right." 1 Sam. xxvi. 9.

                                    Anoint

   A*noint", p. p. Anointed. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Anointer

   A*noint"er (#), n. One who anoints.

                                  Anointment

   A*noint"ment (#), n. The act of anointing, or state of being anointed;
   also, an ointment. Milton.

                                    Anolis

   A*no"lis  (#),  n.  [In  the  Antilles,  anoli,  anoalli,  a  lizard.]
   (Zo\'94l.)  A genus of lizards which belong to the family Iguanid\'91.
   They take the place in the New World of the chameleons in the Old, and
   in America are often called chameleons.

                                    Anomal

   A*nom"al (#), n. Anything anomalous. [R.]

                            Anomaliped, Anomalipede

   A*nom"a*li*ped  (#)(#), A*nom"a*li*pede (#), a. [L. anomalus irregular
   + pes, pedis, foot.] Having anomalous feet.

                                  Anomaliped

   A*nom"a*li*ped, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of a group of perching birds, having
   the middle toe more or less united to the outer and inner ones.

                                   Anomalism

   A*nom"a*lism (#), n. An anomaly; a deviation from rule. Hooker.

                          Anomalistic, Anomalistical

   A*nom`a*lis"tic    (#),    A*nom`a*lis"tic*al    (#),   a.   [Cf.   F.
   anomalistique.]

   1. Irregular; departing from common or established rules.

   2.  (Astron.)  Pertaining  to  the  anomaly,  or angular distance of a
   planet from its perihelion.
   Anomalistic  month.  See  under  Month. -- Anomalistic revolution, the
   period in which a planet or satellite goes through the complete cycles
   of  its changes of anomaly, or from any point in its elliptic orbit to
   the same again. -- Anomalistic, or Periodical year. See under Year.

                                Anomalistically

   A*nom`a*lis"tic*al*ly, adv. With irregularity.

                                Anomaloflorous

   A*nom`a*lo*flo"rous  (#),  a.  [L.  anomalus irregular + flos, floris,
   flower.] (Bot.) Having anomalous flowers.

                                   Anomalous

   A*nom"a*lous  (#),  a  [L.  anomalus,  Gr.  Same,  and  cf. Abnormal.]
   Deviating   from   a  general  rule,  method,  or  analogy;  abnormal;
   irregular; as, an anomalous proceeding.

                                  Anomalously

   A*nom"a*lous*ly, adv. In an anomalous manner.

                                 Anomalousness

   A*nom"a*lous*ness, n. Quality of being anomalous.

                                    Anomaly

   A*nom"a*ly (#), n.; pl. Anomalies (#). [L. anomalia, Gr. Anomalous.]

   1.   Deviation   from  the  common  rule;  an  irregularity;  anything
   anomalous.

     We  are  enabled  to  unite  into  a  consistent  whole the various
     anomalies and contending principles that are found in the minds and
     affairs of men. Burke.

     As  Professor  Owen  has  remarked,  there is no greater anomaly in
     nature than a bird that can not fly. Darwin.

   2. (Astron.) (a) The angular distance of a planet from its perihelion,
   as  seen from the sun. This is the true anomaly. The eccentric anomaly
   is  a  corresponding  angle at the center of the elliptic orbit of the
   planet.  The mean anomaly is what the anomaly would be if the planet's
   angular   motion  were  uniform.  (b)  The  angle  measuring  apparent
   irregularities in the motion of a planet.

   3.  (Nat. Hist.) Any deviation from the essential characteristics of a
   specific type.

                                    Anomia

   A*no"mi*a  (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of bivalve shells,
   allied  to  the  oyster, so called from their unequal valves, of which
   the lower is perforated for attachment.

                                 Anomophyllous

   An`o*moph"yl*lous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  Having  leaves  irregularly
   placed.

                               Anomura, Anomoura

   An`o*mu"ra  (#),  An`o*mou"ra  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A
   group of decapod Crustacea, of which the hermit crab in an example.

                              Anomural, Anomuran

   An`o*mu"ral (#), An`o*mu"ran (#), a. Irregular in the character of the
   tail   or   abdomen;  as,  the  anomural  crustaceans.  [Written  also
   anomoural, anomouran.]

                                   Anomuran

   An`o*mu"ran, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Anomura.

                                     Anomy

   An"o*my  (#),  n.  [Gr.  Anomia.]  Disregard or violation of law. [R.]
   Glanvill.

                                     Anon

   A*non"  (#),  adv.  [OE. anoon, anon, anan, lit., in one (moment), fr.
   AS. on in + \'ben one. See On and One.]

   1. Straightway; at once. [Obs.]

     The  same  is he that heareth the word, and anon with joy receiveth
     it. Matt. xiii. 20.

   2. Soon; in a little while.

     As it shall better appear anon. Stow.

   3. At another time; then; again.

     Sometimes he trots, . . . anon he rears upright. Shak.

   Anon  right, at once; right off. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Ever and anon, now
   and then; frequently; often.

     A pouncet box, which ever and anon He gave his nose. Shak.

                                     Anona

   A*no"na,   n.  [NL.  Cf.  Ananas.]  (Bot.)  A  genus  of  tropical  or
   subtropical  plants  of  the  natural order Anonace\'91, including the
   soursop.

                                  Anonaceous

   An`o*na"ceous,  a.  Pertaining  to  the  order of plants including the
   soursop, custard apple, etc.

                                    Anonym

   An"o*nym (#), n. [F. anonyme. See Anonymous.]

   1. One who is anonymous; also sometimes used for "pseudonym."

   2.  A  notion  which  has  no name, or which can not be expressed by a
   single English word. [R.] J. R. Seeley.

                                   Anonymity

   An`o*nym"i*ty,   n.   The   quality   or  state  of  being  anonymous;
   anonymousness; also, that which anonymous. [R.]

     He rigorously insisted upon the rights of anonymity. Carlyle.

                                   Anonymous

   A*non"y*mous,  a.  [Gr.  Name.]  Nameless;  of  unknown name; also, of
   unknown  /or  unavowed  authorship;  as,  an  anonymous benefactor; an
   anonymous pamphlet or letter. <-- p. 61 -->

                                  Anonymously

   A*non"y*mous*ly  (#),  adv.  In  an  anonymous manner; without a name.
   Swift.

                                 Anonymousness

   A*non"y*mous*ness,  n.  The  state  or  quality  of  being  anonymous.
   Coleridge.

                                   Anophyte

   An"o*phyte (#), n. [Gr. (Bot.) A moss or mosslike plant which cellular
   stems, having usually an upward growth and distinct leaves.

                                    Anopla

   An"o*pla (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the two orders of
   Nemerteans. See Nemertina.

                          Anoplothere, Anoplotherium

   An*op"lo*there  (#),  An`o*plo*the"ri*um (#), n. [From Gr. (Paleon.) A
   genus  of  extinct  quadrupeds of the order Ungulata, whose were first
   found  in  the  gypsum  quarries  near  Paris;  characterized  by  the
   shortness and feebleness of their canine teeth (whence the name).

                                   Anoplura

   An`o*plu"ra  (#),  n.  pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of insects
   which includes the lice.

                                Anopsia, Anopsy

   A*nop"si*a  (#), An"op`sy (#), a. [Gr. (Med.) Want or defect of sight;
   blindness.

                               Anorexia, Anorexy

   An`o*rex"i*a  (#),  An"o*rex`y  (#)  n.  [Gr. (Med.) Want of appetite,
   without a loathing of food. Coxe.

                                    Anormal

   A*nor"mal (#), a. [F. anormal. See Abnormal, Normal.] Not according to
   rule; abnormal. [Obs.]

                                     Anorn

   A*norn  (#),  v.  t.  [OF.  a\'94rner,  a\'94urner, fr. L. adornare to
   adorn.  The form a-ourne was corrupted into anourne.] To adorn. [Obs.]
   Bp. Watson.

                                   Anorthic

   A*nor"thic  (#),  a.  [See  Anorthite.]  (Min.) Having unequal oblique
   axes; as, anorthic crystals.

                                   Anorthite

   A*nor"thite  (#),  n.  [Gr. A mineral of the feldspar family, commonly
   occurring in small glassy crystals, also a constituent of some igneous
   rocks. It is a lime feldspar. See Feldspar.

                                 Anorthoscope

   A*nor"tho*scope  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -scope.] (Physics) An optical toy for
   producing amusing figures or pictures by means of two revolving disks,
   on one of which distorted figures are painted.

                                    Anosmia

   A*nos"mi*a (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Loss of the sense of smell.

                                    Another

   An*oth"er (#), pron. & a. [An a, one + other.]

   1.  One  more,  in addition to a former number; a second or additional
   one, similar in likeness or in effect.

     Another yet! -- a seventh! I 'll see no more. Shak.

     Would serve to scale another Hero's tower. Shak.

   2. Not the same; different.

     He winks, and turns his lips another way. Shak.

   3. Any or some; any different person, indefinitely; any one else; some
   one else.

     Let  another man praise thee, and not thine own mouth. Prov. xxvii.
     2.

     While I am coming, another steppeth down before me. John v. 7.

     NOTE: &hand; As  a pronoun another may have a possessive another's,
     pl. others, poss. pl. other'. It is much used in opposition to one;
     as, one went one way, another another. It is also used with one, in
     a  reciprocal sense; as, "love one another," that is, let each love
     the other or others. "These two imparadised in one another's arms."

   Milton.

                                Another-gaines

   An*oth"er-gaines`  (#),  a.  [Corrupted fr. another-gates.] Of another
   kind. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

                                 Another-gates

   An*oth"er-gates`  (#), a. [Another + gate, or gait, way. Cf. Algates.]
   Of another sort. [Obs.] "Another-gates adventure." Hudibras.

                                 Another-guess

   An*oth"er-guess  (#),  a.  [Corrupted  fr.  another-gates.] Of another
   sort. [Archaic]

     It used to go in another-guess manner. Arbuthnot.

                                    Anotta

   A*not"ta (#), n. See Annotto.

                                    Anoura

   An*ou"ra (?; 277), n. See Anura.

                                   Anourous

   An*ou"rous (#), a. See Anurous.

                                     Ansa

   An"sa (#), n.; pl. Ans\'91 (#). [L., a handle.] (Astron.) A name given
   to either of the projecting ends of Saturn's ring.

                                    Ansated

   An"sa*ted  (#),  a.  [L. ansatus, fr. ansa a handle.] Having a handle.
   Johnson.

                                   Anserated

   An"ser*a`ted  (#),  a.  (Her.) Having the extremities terminate in the
   heads of eagles, lions, etc.; as, an anserated cross.

                                    Anseres

   An"se*res  (#),  n.  pl. [L., geese.] (Zo\'94l.) A Linn\'91an order of
   aquatic  birds  swimming  by  means of webbed feet, as the duck, or of
   lobed  feet,  as  the  grebe.  In  this order were included the geese,
   ducks, auks, divers, gulls, petrels, etc.

                                 Anseriformes

   An`se*ri*for"mes  (#), n. pl. (Zo\'94l.) A division of birds including
   the geese, ducks, and closely allied forms.

                                   Anserine

   An"ser*ine (#), a [L. anserinus, fr. anser a goose.]

   1. Pertaining to, or resembling, a goose, or the skin of a goose.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Anseres.

                                   Anserous

   An"ser*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  anser  a goose.] Resembling a goose; silly;
   simple. Sydney Smith.

                                    Answer

   An"swer  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Answered (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Answering.]  [OE.  andswerien,  AS. andswerian, andswarian, to answer,
   fr. andswaru, n., answer. See Answer, n.]

   1.  To speak in defense against; to reply to in defense; as, to answer
   a charge; to answer an accusation.

   2. To speak or write in return to, as in return to a call or question,
   or  to  a  speech,  declaration, argument, or the like; to reply to (a
   question, remark, etc.); to respond to.

     She answers him as if she knew his mind. Shak.

     So  spake  the  apostate  angel, though in pain: . . . And him thus
     answered soon his bold compeer. Milton.

   3.  To  respond  to  satisfactorily;  to  meet  successfully by way of
   explanation, argument, or justification, and the like; to refute.

     No man was able to answer him a word. Matt. xxii. 46.

     These shifts refuted, answer thine appellant. Milton.

     The reasoning was not and could not be answered. Macaulay.

   4.  To  be or act in return or response to. Hence: (a) To be or act in
   compliance  with,  in  fulfillment  or  satisfaction  of, as an order,
   obligation,  demand;  as,  he  answered my claim upon him; the servant
   answered the bell.

     This proud king . . . studies day and night To answer all the debts
     he owes unto you. Shak.

   (b) To render account to or for.

     I will . . . send him to answer thee. Shak.

   (c) To atone; to be punished for.

     And grievously hath C\'91zar answered it. Shak.

   (d) To be opposite to; to face.

     The windows answering each other, we could just discern the glowing
     horizon them. Gilpin.

   (e)  To  be or act an equivalent to, or as adequate or sufficient for;
   to serve for; to repay. [R.]

     Money answereth all things. Eccles. x. 19.

   (f) To be or act in accommodation, conformity, relation, or proportion
   to; to correspond to; to suit.

     Weapons  must  needs be dangerous things, if they answered the bulk
     of so prodigious a person. Swift.

                                    Answer

   An"swer, v. i.

   1. To speak or write by way of return (originally, to a charge), or in
   reply; to make response.

     There was no voice, nor any that answered. 1 Kings xviii. 26.

   2.  To  make  a  satisfactory  response  or  return.  Hence: To render
   account,  or to be responsible; to be accountable; to make amends; as,
   the  man  must  answer  to his employer for the money intrusted to his
   care.

     Let his neck answer for it, if there is any martial law. Shak.

   3.  To  be  or  act  in  return.  Hence:  (a)  To  be or act by way of
   compliance,  fulfillment, reciprocation, or satisfaction; to serve the
   purpose; as, gypsum answers as a manure on some soils.

     Do the strings answer to thy noble hand? Dryden.

   (b)  To  be  opposite, or to act in opposition. (c) To be or act as an
   equivalent,  or as adequate or sufficient; as, a very few will answer.
   (d)  To  be  or  act  in  conformity,  or  by  way  of  accommodation,
   correspondence, relation, or proportion; to conform; to correspond; to
   suit; -- usually with to.

     That  the time may have all shadow and silence in it, and the place
     answer to convenience. Shak.

     If this but answer to my just belief, I 'll remember you. Shak.

     As in water face answereth to face, so the heart of man to man. Pro

                                    Answer

   An"swer,  n.  [OE.  andsware,  AS.  andswaru; and against + swerian to
   swear. Anti-, and Swear, and cf. 1st un-.]

   1. A reply to a change; a defense.

     At my first answer no man stood with me. 2 Tim. iv. 16.

   2.  Something  said  or  written  in  reply  to a question, a call, an
   argument, an address, or the like; a reply.

     A soft answer turneth away wrath. Prov. xv. 1.

     I called him, but he gave me no answer. Cant. v. 6.

   3. Something done in return for, or in consequence of, something else;
   a responsive action.

     Great  the slaughter is Here made by the Roman; great the answer be
     Britons must take. Shak.

   4.  A solution, the result of a mathematical operation; as, the answer
   to a problem.

   5.  (Law)  A  counter-statement  of  facts in a course of pleadings; a
   confutation  of  what  the  other  party  has  alleged;  a  responsive
   declaration  by a witness in reply to a question. In Equity, it is the
   usual  form  of  defense  to  the  complainant's  charges in his bill.
   Bouvier. Syn. -- Reply; rejoinder; response. See Reply.

                                  Answerable

   An"swer*a*ble (#), a.

   1.  Obliged  to answer; liable to be called to account; liable to pay,
   indemnify,  or  make  good; accountable; amenable; responsible; as, an
   agent  is answerable to his principal; to be answerable for a debt, or
   for damages.

     Will any man argue that . . . he can not be justly punished, but is
     answerable only to God? Swift.

   2.  Capable  of  being  answered  or refuted; admitting a satisfactory
   answer.

     The argument, though subtle, is yet answerable. Johnson.

   3. Correspondent; conformable; hence, comparable.

     What  wit  and  policy  of  man is answerable to their discreet and
     orderly course? Holland.

     This  revelation . . . was answerable to that of the apostle to the
     Thessalonians. Milton.

   4.   Proportionate;   commensurate;   suitable;   as,  an  achievement
   answerable to the preparation for it.

   5. Equal; equivalent; adequate. [Archaic]

     Had  the valor of his soldiers been answerable, he had reached that
     year, as was thought, the utmost bounds of Britain. Milton.

                                Answerableness

   An"swer*a*ble*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  answerable,  liable,
   responsible, or correspondent.

                                  Answerably

   An"swer*a*bly  (#), adv. In an answerable manner; in due proportion or
   correspondence; suitably.

                                   Answerer

   An"swer*er (#), n. One who answers.

                                  Answerless

   An"swer*less  (#),  a. Having no answer, or impossible to be answered.
   Byron.

                                     An 't

   An 't (#). An it, that is, and it or if it. See An, conj. [Obs.]

                                     An't

   An't  (#).  A contraction for are and am not; also used for is not; --
   now usually written ain't. [Colloq. & illiterate speech.]

                                     Ant-

   Ant-. See Anti-, prefix.

                                     -ant

   -ant.  [F.  -ant,  fr.  L.  -antem  or -entem, the pr. p. ending; also
   sometimes  directly  from  L.  -antem.] A suffix sometimes marking the
   agent  for action; as, merchant, covenant, servant, pleasant, etc. Cf.
   -ent.

                                      Ant

   Ant  (#),  n. [OE. ante, amete, emete, AS. \'91mete akin to G. ameise.
   Cf.  Emmet.] (Zo\'94l.) A hymenopterous insect of the Linn\'91an genus
   Formica,  which  is  now  made a family of several genera; an emmet; a
   pismire.

     NOTE: &hand; Among ants, as among bees, there are neuter or working
     ants,  besides the males and females; the former are without wings.
     Ants  live  together  in swarms, usually raising hillocks of earth,
     variously chambered within, where they maintain a perfect system of
     order,  store  their provisions, and nurture their young. There are
     many  species, with diverse habits, as agricultural ants, carpenter
     ants,  honey  ants, foraging ants, amazon ants, etc. The white ants
     or Termites belong to the Neuroptera.

   Ant  bird  (Zo\'94l.), one of a very extensive group of South American
   birds  (Formicariid\'91), which live on ants. The family includes many
   species,  some  of which are called ant shrikes, ant thrushes, and ant
   wrens.  --  Ant  rice  (Bot.), a species of grass (Aristida oligantha)
   cultivated by the agricultural ants of Texas for the sake of its seed.

                                     Anta

   An"ta  (#),  n.;  pl.  Ant\'91  (#).  [L.]  (Arch.)  A species of pier
   produced   by   thickening   a   wall   at  its  termination,  treated
   architecturally as a pilaster, with capital and base.

     NOTE: &hand; Po rches, wh en columns stand between two ant\'91, are
     called in Latin in antis.

                                    Antacid

   Ant*ac"id (#), n. [Pref. anti- + acid.] (Med.) A remedy for acidity of
   the  stomach,  as  an  alkali  or  absorbent.  --  a. Counteractive of
   acidity.

                                   Antacrid

   Ant*ac"rid  (#),  a.  [Pref. anti- + acrid.] Corrective of acrimony of
   the humors.

                                   Ant\'91an

   An*t\'91"an  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Pertaining  to Ant\'91us, a giant athlete
   slain by Hercules.

                                  Antagonism

   An*tag"o*nism  (#),  n.  [Gr.  antagonisme.  See Agony.] Opposition of
   action; counteraction or contrariety of things or principles.

     NOTE: &hand; We  sp eak of  an tagonism be tween tw o things, to or
     against a thing, and sometimes with a thing.

                                  Antagonist

   An*tag"o*nist   (#),   n.   [L.   antagonista,  Gr.  antagoniste.  See
   Antagonism.]

   1.  One who contends with another, especially in combat; an adversary;
   an opponent.

     Antagonist of Heaven's Almigthy King. Milton.

     Our antagonists in these controversies. Hooker.

   2.  (Anat.) A muscle which acts in opposition to another; as a flexor,
   which  bends  a  part, is the antagonist of an extensor, which extends
   it.

   3.  (Med.)  A medicine which opposes the action of another medicine or
   of  a  poison  when  absorbed  into  the  blood  or  tissues.  Syn. --
   Adversary; enemy; opponent; toe; competitor. See Adversary.

                                  Antagonist

   An*tag"o*nist,   a.   Antagonistic;   opposing;   counteracting;   as,
   antagonist schools of philosophy.

                         Antagonistic, Antagonistical

   An*tag`o*nis"tic  (#), An*tag`o*nis"tic*al (#), a. Opposing in combat,
   combating;  contending  or acting against; as, antagonistic forces. --
   An*tag`o*nis"tic*al*ly, adv.

     They were distinct, adverse, even antagonistic. Milman.

                                  Antagonize

   An*tag"o*nize  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Antagonized (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Antagonozing.]  [Gr.  Antagonism.]  To  contend  with;  to  oppose
   actively; to counteract.

                                  Antagonize

   An*tag"o*nize, v. i. To act in opposition.

                                   Antagony

   An*tag"o*ny   (#),   n.  [Gr.  antagonie.  See  Antagonism.]  Contest;
   opposition; antagonism. [Obs.]

     Antagony that is between Christ and Belial. Milton.

                                   Antalgic

   An*tal"gic  (#), a. [Pref. anti- + Gr. antalgique.] (Med.) Alleviating
   pain. -- n. A medicine to alleviate pain; an anodyne. [R.]

                          Antalkali; 277, Antalkaline

   Ant*al"ka*li  (?; 277), Ant*al"ka*line (#), n. [Pref. anti- + alkali.]
   Anything that neutralizes, or that counteracts an alkaline tendency in
   the system. Hoopplw.

                                  Antalkaline

   Ant*al"ka*line, a. Of power to counteract alkalies. <-- p. 62 -->

                                 Antambulacral

   Ant*am`bu*la"cral (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Away from the ambulacral region.

                                 Antanaclasis

   Ant`an*a*cla"sis  (#), n. [Gr. Anaclastic.] (Rhet.) (a) A figure which
   consists  in  repeating  the same word in a different sense; as, Learn
   some craft when young, that when old you may live without craft. (b) A
   repetition  of  words  beginning a sentence, after a long parenthesis;
   as,  Shall  that  heart  (which not only feels them, but which has all
   motions of life placed in them), shall that heart, etc.

                                  Antanagoge

   Ant`an*a*go"ge (#), n. [Pref. anti- + anagoge.] (Rhet.) A figure which
   consists in answering the charge of an adversary, by a counter charge.

                                Antaphrodisiac

   Ant`aph*ro*dis"i*ac  (#),  a.  [Pref.  anti-  +  aphrodisiac.]  (Med.)
   Capable  of blunting the venereal appetite. -- n. Anything that quells
   the venereal appetite.

                                 Antaphroditic

   Ant`aph*ro*dit"ic (#), a. [Pref. anti- + Gr. antaphroditique.] (Med.)

   1. Antaphrodisiac.

   2. Antisyphilitic. [R.]

                                 Antaphroditic

   Ant`aph*ro*dit"ic, n. An antaphroditic medicine.

                                 Antapoplectic

   Ant`ap*o*plec"tic  (#),  a.  [Pref.  anti-  + apoplectic.] (Med.) Good
   against apoplexy. -- n. A medicine used against apoplexy.

                                  Antarchism

   Ant*ar"chism  (#),  n.  [Pref. anti- + Gr. Opposition to government in
   general. [R.]

                                  Antarchist

   Ant*ar"chist (#), n. One who opposes all government. [R.]

                         Antarchistic, Antarchistical

   Ant`ar*chis"tic  (#),  Ant`ar*chis"tic*al (#), a. Opposed to all human
   government. [R.]

                                   Antarctic

   Ant*arc"tic  (#), a. [OE. antartik, OF. antartique, F. antarctique, L.
   antarcticus, fr. Gr. Arctic.] Opposite to the northern or arctic pole;
   relating  to  the  southern pole or to the region near it, and applied
   especially to a circle, distant from the pole 23° 28&min;. Thus we say
   the antarctic pole, circle, ocean, region, current, etc.

                                    Antares

   An*ta"res  (#),  n. [Gr. The principal star in Scorpio: -- called also
   the Scorpion's Heart.

                                 Antarthritic

   Ant`ar*thrit"ic   (#),   a.   [Pref.   anti-   +   arthritic.]  (Med.)
   Counteracting or alleviating gout. -- n. A remedy against gout.

                                 Antasthmatic

   Ant`asth*mat"ic  (?  or  ?;  see  Asthma;  277),  a.  [Pref.  anti-  +
   asthmatic.]  (Med.)  Opposing,  or  fitted to relieve, asthma. -- n. A
   remedy for asthma.

                                   Ant-bear

   Ant"-bear`  (#),  n. (Zo\'94l.) An edentate animal of tropical America
   (the Tamanoir), living on ants. It belongs to the genus Myrmecophaga.

                                   Ant bird

   Ant" bird (#), (Zo\'94l.) See Ant bird, under Ant, n.

                                  Ant-cattle

   Ant"-cat`tle  (#),  n.  pl.  (Zo\'94l.) Various kinds of plant lice or
   aphids tended by ants for the sake of the honeydew which they secrete.
   See Aphips.

                                     Ante-

   An"te-  (#).  A  Latin preposition and prefix; akin to Gr. anti, Goth.
   and-,  anda-  (only  in  comp.),  AS.  and-, ond-, (only in comp.: cf.
   Answer,  Along), G. ant-, ent- (in comp.). The Latin ante is generally
   used  in  the  sense of before, in regard to position, order, or time,
   and the Gr. opposite, or in the place of.

                                     Ante

   An"te,  n.  (Poker Playing) Each player's stake, which is put into the
   pool before (ante) the game begins.

                                     Ante

   An"te, v. t. & i. To put up (an ante).

                                    Anteact

   An"te*act` (#), n. A preceding act.

                                    Anteal

   An"te*al (#), a. [ets>antea, ante, before. Cf. Ancient.] Being before,
   or in front. [R.] J. Fleming.

                                   Ant-eater

   Ant"-eat`er (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of several species of edentates and
   monotremes that feed upon ants. See Ant-bear, Pangolin, Aard-vark, and
   Echidna.

                                 Antecedaneous

   An`te*ce*da"ne*ous  (#),  a.  [See Antecede.] Antecedent; preceding in
   time. "Capable of antecedaneous proof." Barrow.

                                   Antecede

   An`te*cede"  (#),  v. t. & i. [L. antecedere; ante + cedere to go. See
   Cede.]  To  go before in time or place; to precede; to surpass. Sir M.
   Hale.

                                  Antecedence

   An`te*ced"ence (#), n.

   1. The act or state of going before in time; precedence. H. Spenser.

   2.  (Astron.)  An  apparent  motion  of  a  planet  toward  the  west;
   retrogradation.

                                  Antecedency

   An`te*ced"en*cy  (#),  n.  The state or condition of being antecedent;
   priority. Fothherby.

                                  Antecedent

   An`te*ced"ent  (#),  a.  [L. antecedens, -entis, p. pr. of antecedere:
   cf. F. ant\'82c\'82dent.]

   1.  Going  before  in  time;  prior; anterior; preceding; as, an event
   antecedent to the Deluge; an antecedent cause.

   2.  Presumptive;  as,  an  antecedent  improbability.  Syn.  -- Prior;
   previous; foregoing.

                                  Antecedent

   An`te*ced"ent, n. [Cf. F. ant\'82c\'82dent.]

   1. That which goes before in time; that which precedes. South.

     The  Homeric mythology, as well as the Homeric language, has surely
     its antecedents. Max Miller.

   2. One who precedes or goes in front. [Obs.]

     My antecedent, or my gentleman usher. Massinger.

   3. pl. The earlier events of one's life; previous principles, conduct,
   course, history. J. H. Newman.

     If  the troops . . . prove worthy of their antecedents, the victory
     is surely ours. Gen. G. McClellan.

   4.  (Gram.)  The  noun to which a relative refers; as, in the sentence
   "Solomon  was  the  prince  who  built  the  temple,"  prince  is  the
   antecedent of who.

   5.  (Logic)  (a)  The  first  or  conditional  part  of a hypothetical
   proposition;  as,  If  the  earth is fixed, the sun must move. (b) The
   first  of  the  two  propositions  which  constitute  an  enthymeme or
   contracted syllogism; as, Every man is mortal; therefore the king must
   die.

   6.  (Math.)  The first of the two terms of a ratio; the first or third
   of  the  four  terms  of  a  proportion.  In  the  ratio a:b, a is the
   antecedent, and b the consequent.

                                 Antecedently

   An`te*ced"ent*ly  (#),  adv.  Previously;  before  in  time; at a time
   preceding; as, antecedently to conversion. Barrow.

                                  Antecessor

   An`te*ces"sor  (#),  n. [L., fr. antecedere, antecessum. See Antecede,
   Ancestor.]

   1. One who goes before; a predecessor.

     The  successor  seldom prosecuting his antecessor's devices. Sir E.
     Sandys.

   2. An ancestor; a progenitor. [Obs.]

                                  Antechamber

   An"te*cham`ber (#), n. [Cf. F. antichambre.]

   1.  A chamber or apartment before the chief apartment and leading into
   it, in which persons wait for audience; an outer chamber. See Lobby.

   2.  A space viewed as the outer chamber or the entrance to an interior
   part.

     The mouth, the antechamber to the digestive canal. Todd & Bowman.

                                  Antechapel

   An"te*chap`el  (#),  n. The outer part of the west end of a collegiate
   or other chapel. Shipley.

                                   Antecians

   An*te"cians (#), n. pl. See Ant.

                                 Antecommunion

   An`te*com*mun"ion  (#),  n.  A name given to that part of the Anglican
   liturgy  for  the  communion,  which  precedes the consecration of the
   elements.

                                  Antecursor

   An`te*cur"sor  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr.  antecurrere  to run before; ante +
   currere to run.] A forerunner; a precursor. [Obs.]

                                   Antedate

   An"te*date` (#), n.

   1. Prior date; a date antecedent to another which is the actual date.

   2. Anticipation. [Obs.] Donne.

                                   Antedate

   An"te*date`  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Antedated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Antedating.]

   1.  To  date before the true time; to assign to an earlier date; thus,
   to antedate a deed or a bond is to give it a date anterior to the true
   time of its execution.

   2. To precede in time.

   3. To anticipate; to make before the true time.

     And antedate the bliss above. Pope.

     Who rather rose the day to antedate. Wordsworth.

                                 Antediluvial

   An`te*di*lu"vi*al  (#), a. [Pref. ante- + diluvial.] Before the flood,
   or Deluge, in Noah's time.

                                 Antediluvian

   An`te*di*lu"vi*an  (#),  a.  Of  or  relating to the period before the
   Deluge in Noah's time; hence, antiquated; as, an antediluvian vehicle.
   -- n. One who lived before the Deluge.

                                   Antefact

   An"te*fact` (#), n. Something done before another act. [Obs.]

                                    Antefix

   An"te*fix`  (#), n.; pl. E. Antefixes (#); L. Antefixa (#). [L. ante +
   fixus  fixed.]  (Arch.)  (a)  An  ornament fixed upon a frieze. (b) An
   ornament  at  the eaves, concealing the ends of the joint tiles of the
   roof.  (c) An ornament of the cymatium of a classic cornice, sometimes
   pierced for the escape of water.

                                  Anteflexion

   An`te*flex"ion (#), n. (Med.) A displacement forward of an organ, esp.
   the  uterus,  in  such manner that its axis is bent upon itself. T. G.
   Thomas.

                                    Ant egg

   Ant" egg` (#). One of the small white egg-shaped pup\'91 or cocoons of
   the  ant,  often seen in or about ant-hills, and popularly supposed to
   be eggs.

                                   Antelope

   An"te*lope  (#),  n. [OF. antelop, F. antilope, fro Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One
   of  a  group of ruminant quadrupeds, intermediate between the deer and
   the  goat.  The horns are usually annulated, or ringed. There are many
   species in Africa and Asia.

     The antelope and wolf both fierce and fell. Spenser.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon or  be zoar antelope of India is Antilope
     bezoartica.  The  chamois  of the Alps, the gazelle, the addax, and
     the  eland  are  other species. See Gazelle. The pronghorn antelope
     (Antilocapra  Americana)  is  found  in  the  Rocky  Mountains. See
     Pronghorn.

                                   Antelucan

   An`te*lu"can (#), a. [L. antelucanus; ante + lux light.] Held or being
   before  light;  --  a  word  applied  to  assemblies of Christians, in
   ancient  times  of  persecution,  held  before  light  in the morning.
   "Antelucan worship." De Quincey.

                                 Antemeridian

   An`te*me*rid"i*an  (#),  a.  [L.  antemeridianus;  ante  +  meridianus
   belonging  to  midday or noon. See Meridian.] Being before noon; in or
   pertaining to the forenoon. (Abbrev. a. m.)

                                   Antemetic

   Ant`e*met"ic  (#),  a. [Pref. anti- + emetic.] (Med.) Tending to check
   vomiting. -- n. A remedy to check or allay vomiting.

                                  Antemosaic

   An`te*mo*sa"ic (#), a. Being before the time of Moses.

                                  Antemundane

   An`te*mun"dane  (#),  a. Being or occurring before the creation of the
   world. Young.

                                   Antemural

   An`te*mu"ral (#), n. [L. antemurale: ante + murus wall. See Mural.] An
   outwork  of a strong, high wall, with turrets, in front gateway (as of
   an old castle), for defending the entrance.

                                   Antenatal

   An`te*na"tal (#), a. Before birth. Shelley.

                                  Antenicene

   An`te*ni"cene  (#),  a.  [L.]  Of  or  in the Christian church or era,
   anterior  to the first council of Nice, held a. d. 325; as, antenicene
   faith.

                                    Antenna

   An*ten"na  (#),  n.; pl. Antenn\'91 (#). [L. antenna sail-yard; NL., a
   feeler, horn of an insect.] (Zo\'94l.) A movable, articulated organ of
   sensation,  attached  to the heads of insects and Crustacea. There are
   two  in  the  former, and usually four in the latter. They are used as
   organs  of  touch,  and in some species of Crustacea the cavity of the
   ear  is  situated near the basal joint. In insects, they are popularly
   called  horns,  and  also feelers. The term in also applied to similar
   organs on the heads of other arthropods and of annelids.

                                   Antennal

   An*ten"nal (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the antenn\'91. Owen.

                                 Antenniferous

   An`ten*nif"er*ous  (#),  a. [Antenna + -ferous.] (Zo\'94l.) Bearing or
   having antenn\'91.

                                  Antenniform

   An*ten"ni*form (#), a. [Antenna + -form.] Shaped like antenn\'91.

                                   Antennule

   An*ten"nule  (#), n. [Dim. of antenna.] (Zo\'94l.) A small antenna; --
   applied to the smaller pair of antenn\'91 or feelers of Crustacea.

                                  Antenumber

   An`te*num"ber (#), n. A number that precedes another. [R.] Bacon.

                                  Antenuptial

   An`te*nup"tial   (#),   a.  Preceding  marriage;  as,  an  antenuptial
   agreement. Kent.

                                  Anteorbital

   An`te*or"bit*al (#), a. & n. (Anat.) Same as Antorbital.

                                  Antepaschal

   An`te*pas"chal  (#), a. Pertaining to the time before the Passover, or
   before Easter.

                                   Antepast

   An"te*past  (#),  n.  [Pref.  ante-  +  L.  pastus  pasture, food. Cf.
   Repast.] A foretaste.

     Antepasts of joy and comforts. Jer. Taylor.

                                  Antependium

   An`te*pen"di*um  (#), n. [LL., fr. L. ante + pendere to hang.] (Eccl.)
   The  hangings  or  screen  in  front of the altar; an altar cloth; the
   frontal. Smollett.

                           Antepenult, Antepenultima

   An`te*pe"nult  (#), An`te*pe*nult"i*ma (#), n. [L. antepaenultima (sc.
   syllaba)  antepenultimate; ante before + paenultimus the last but one;
   paene  almost  +  ultimus  last.]  (Pros.) The last syllable of a word
   except two, as -syl in monosyllable.

                                Antepenultimate

   An`te*pe*nult"i*mate (#), a. Of or pertaining to the last syllable but
   two. -- n. The antepenult.

                                 Antephialtic

   Ant`eph*i*al"tic  (#),  a.  [Pref.  anti-  +  Gr.  (Med.) Good against
   nightmare. -- n. A remedy nightmare. Dunglison.

                                 Antepileptic

   Ant`ep*i*lep"tic  (#),  a.  [Pref.  anti-  +  epileptic.]  (Med.) Good
   against epilepsy. -- n. A medicine for epilepsy.

                                   Antepone

   An"te*pone  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  anteponere.]  To put before; to prefer.
   [Obs.] Bailey.

                                   Anteport

   An"te*port (#), n. [Cf. LL. anteporta.] An outer port, gate, or door.

                                  Anteportico

   An`te*por"ti*co (#), n. An outer porch or vestibule.

                                 Anteposition

   An`te*po*si"tion  (#), n. [Cf. LL. antepositio. See Position.] (Gram.)
   The  placing  of  a before another, which, by ordinary rules, ought to
   follow it.

                                 Anteprandial

   An`te*pran"di*al (#), a. Preceding dinner.

                                Antepredicament

   An`te*pre*dic"a*ment  (#),  n.  (Logic)  A  prerequisite  to  a  clear
   understanding  of the predicaments and categories, such as definitions
   of common terms. Chambers.

                                   Anterior

   An*te"ri*or (#), a. [L. anterior, comp. of ante before.]

   1. Before in time; antecedent.

     Antigonus, who was anterior to Polybius. Sir G. C. Lewis.

   2. Before, or toward the front, in place; as, the anterior part of the
   mouth; -- opposed to posterior.

     NOTE: &hand; In comparative anatomy, anterior often signifies at or
     toward  the  head,  cephalic; and in human anatomy it is often used
     for ventral.

   Syn. -- Antecedent; previous; precedent; preceding; former; foregoing.

                                  Anteriority

   An*te`ri*or"i*ty  (#),  n.  [LL.  anterioritas.]  The  state  of being
   anterior or preceding in time or in situation; priority. Pope.

                                  Anteriorly

   An*te"ri*or*ly (#), adv. In an anterior manner; before.

                                   Anteroom

   An"te*room  (#), n. A room before, or forming an entrance to, another;
   a waiting room.

                                    Antero-

   An"te*ro-   (#).   A  combining  form  meaning  anterior,  front;  as,
   antero-posterior, front and back; antero-lateral, front side, anterior
   and at the side.

                             Antes, n. pl. Ant\'91

   An"tes (#), n. pl. Ant\'91. See Anta.

                                  Antestature

   An`te*stat"ure  (#),  n.  (Fort.)  A  small  intrenchment  or  work of
   palisades, or of sacks of earth.

                                  Antestomach

   An"te*stom`ach  (#),  n.  A cavity which leads into the stomach, as in
   birds. Ray.

                                  Antetemple

   An"te*tem`ple  (#), n. The portico, or narthex in an ancient temple or
   church.

                                  Anteversion

   An`te*ver"sion  (#),  n.  [Pref. ante- + L. vertere, versum, to turn.]
   (Med.)  A displacement of an organ, esp. of the uterus, in such manner
   that its whole axis is directed further forward than usual.

                                   Antevert

   An`te*vert" (#), v. t. [L. antevertere; ante + vertere to turn.]

   1. To prevent. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

   2. (Med.) To displace by anteversion.

                                   Anthelion

   Ant*hel"ion  (?;  277,  106),  n.; pl. Anthelia (#). [Pref. anti + Gr.
   (Meteor.)  A  halo  opposite  the sun, consisting of a colored ring or
   rings around the shadow of the spectator's own head, as projected on a
   cloud or on an opposite fog bank. <-- p. 63 -->

                                   Anthelix

   Ant"he*lix (#), n. (Anat.) Same as Antihelix.

                                 Anthelmintic

   An"thel*min"tic  (#),  a.  [Pref.  anti-  +  Gr.  (Med.)  Good against
   intestinal   worms.   --   An   anthelmintic   remedy.  [Written  also
   anthelminthic.]

                                    Anthem

   An"them  (#),  n. [OE. antym, antefne, AS. antefen, fr. LL. antiphona,
   fr. Gr. anthaine, anteine, antieune, F. antienne. See Antiphon.]

   1.  Formerly,  a  hymn  sung  in  alternate parts, in present usage, a
   selection  from  the  Psalms,  or other parts of the Scriptures or the
   liturgy, set to sacred music.

   2. A song or hymn of praise. Milton.

                                    Anthem

   An"them, v. t. To celebrate with anthems. [Poet.]

     Sweet birds antheming the morn. Keats.

                                   Anthemion

   An*the"mi*on (#), [ fr. Gr. A floral ornament. See Palmette.

                                   Anthemis

   An"the*mis  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  Chamomile;  a  genus of composite,
   herbaceous plants.

                                  Anthemwise

   An"them*wise` (#), adv. Alternately. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                    Anther

   An"ther  (#),  n.  [F.  anth\'8are,  L. anthera a medicine composed of
   flowers, fr. Gr. (Bot.) That part of the stamen containing the pollen,
   or   fertilizing   dust,  which,  when  mature,  is  emitted  for  the
   impregnation of the ovary. -- An"ther*al (#), a.

                                  Antheridium

   An`ther*id"i*um  (#),  n.;  pl.  Anthplwidia (#). [Anther + (Bot.) The
   male  reproductive  apparatus  in  the  lower, consisting of a cell or
   other  cavity  in  which  spermatozoids  are  produced; -- called also
   spermary. -- An`ther*id"i*al (#), a.

                                 Antheriferous

   An`ther*if"er*ous  (#),  a.  [Anther  + -ferous.] (Bot.) (a) Producing
   anthers,  as  plants.  (b)  Supporting anthers, as a part of a flower.
   Gray.

                                  Antheriform

   An*ther"i*form  (#),  a.  [Anther  +  -form.]  Shaped  like an anther;
   anther-shaped.

                                 Antherogenous

   An`ther*og"e*nous  (#), a. [Anther + -genous.] (Bot.) Transformed from
   anthers, as the petals of a double flower.

                                   Antheroid

   An"ther*oid (#), a. [Anther + -oid.] Resembling an anther.

                           Antherozoid, Antherozooid

   An`ther*o*zoid  (#),  An`ther*o*zoo"id  (#), n. [Gr. -oid. See Zooid.]
   (Bot.) One of the mobile male reproductive bodies in the antheridia of
   cryptogams.

                                   Anthesis

   An*the"sis  (#),  n. [Gr. (Bot.) The period or state of full expansion
   in a flower. Gray.

                                   Ant-hill

   Ant"-hill  (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) A mound thrown up by ants or by termites
   in forming their nests.

                                   Anthobian

   An*tho"bi*an (#), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A beetle which feeds on flowers.

                                 Anthobranchia

   An`tho*bran"chi*a  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of
   nudibranchiate  Mollusca,  in which the gills form a wreath or cluster
   upon the posterior part of the back. See Nudibranchiata, and Doris.

                                 Anthocarpous

   An`tho*car"pous  (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having some portion of the floral
   envelopes  attached  to  the  pericarp  to  form  the fruit, as in the
   checkerberry, the mulberry, and the pineapple.

                                  Anthocyanin

   An`tho*cy"a*nin (#), n. Same as Anthokyan.

                                   Anthodium

   An*tho"di*um  (#),  n.  [NL.,  from  Gr. (Bot.) The inflorescence of a
   compound  flower in which many florets are gathered into a involucrate
   head.

                                  Anthography

   An*thog"ra*phy (#), n. [Gr. -graphy.] A description of flowers.

                                    Anthoid

   An"thoid (#), a. [Gr. -oid.] Resembling a flower; flowerlike.

                                   Anthokyan

   An`tho*ky"an  (#), n. [Gr. (Chem.) The blue coloring matter of certain
   flowers. Same as Cyanin.

                                   Antholite

   An"tho*lite  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -lite.]  (Paleon.) A fossil plant, like a
   petrified flower.

                                 Anthological

   An`tho*log"ic*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to  anthology;  consisting  of
   beautiful extracts from different authors, especially the poets.

     He  published  a  geographical  and anthological description of all
     empires and kingdoms . . . in this terrestrial globe. Wood.

                                  Anthologist

   An*thol"o*gist (#), n. One who compiles an anthology.

                                   Anthology

   An*thol"o*gy (#), n. [Gr.

   1. A discourses on flowers. [R.]

   2. A collection of flowers; a garland. [R.]

   3.  A collection of flowers of literature, that is, beautiful passages
   from  authors;  a  collection  of  poems  or epigrams; -- particularly
   applied to a collection of ancient Greek epigrams.

   4.  (Gr.  Ch.) A service book containing a selection of pieces for the
   festival services.

                                  Anthomania

   An`tho*ma"ni*a (#), n. [Gr. A extravagant fondness for flowers. [R.]

                                Anthony's Fire

   An"tho*ny's Fire` (#). See Saint Anthony's Fire, under Saint.

                                 Anthophagous

   An*thoph"a*gous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) Eating flowers; -- said of
   certain insects.

                                  Anthophore

   An"tho*phore  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  The stipe when developed into an
   internode between calyx and corolla, as in the Pink family. Gray.

                                 Anthophorous

   An*thoph"o*rous (#), a. Flower bearing; supporting the flower.

                                 Anthophyllite

   An*thoph"yl*lite  (#),  n.  [NL. anthophyllum clove.] A mineral of the
   hornblende  group,  of  a  yellowish  gray  or  clove  brown color. --
   An`tho*phyl*lit"ic (#), a.

                                   Anthorism

   An"tho*rism  (#), n. [Gr. (Rhet.) A description or definition contrary
   to that which is given by the adverse party. [R.]

                                   Anthotaxy

   An"tho*tax`y  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  The  arrangement of flowers in a
   cluster;   the   science   of   the   relative  position  of  flowers;
   inflorescence.

                                   Anthozoa

   An`tho*zo"a  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The class of the
   C\'d2lenterata  which  includes the corals and sea anemones. The three
   principal groups or orders are Acyonaria, Actinaria, and Madreporaria.

                                   Anthozoan

   An`tho*zo"an  (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Anthozoa. -- n. One
   of the Anthozoa.

                                   Anthozoic

   An"tho*zo"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to the Anthozoa.

                                  Anthracene

   An"thra*cene (#), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A solid hydrocarbon, C6H4.C2H2.C6H4,
   which  accompanies  naphthalene in the last stages of the distillation
   of  coal  tar.  Its  chief  use  is  in  the  artificial production of
   alizarin. [Written also anthracin.]<-- tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
   -->

                                   Anthracic

   An*thrac"ic (#), a. Of or relating to anthrax; as, anthracic blood.

                                Anthraciferous

   An`thra*cif"er*ous  (#), a. [Gr. -ferous.] (Min.) Yielding anthracite;
   as, anthraciferous strata.

                                  Anthracite

   An"thra*cite  (#),  n.  [L.  anthracites a kind of bloodstone; fr. Gr.
   Anthrax.]  A  hard,  compact  variety of mineral coal, of high luster,
   differing  from bituminous coal in containing little or no bitumen, in
   consequence  of  which  it burns with a nearly non luminous flame. The
   purer  specimens  consist  almost wholly of carbon. Also called glance
   coal and blind coal.

                                  Anthracitic

   An"thra*cit"ic  (#),  a.  Of,  pertaining to, or like, anthracite; as,
   anthracitic formations.

                                  Anthracoid

   An"thra*coid  (#),  a. [Anthrax + -oid.] (Biol.) Resembling anthrax in
   action; of the nature of anthrax; as, an anthracoid microbe.

                                 Anthracomancy

   An"thra*co*man`cy  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -mancy.] Divination by inspecting a
   burning coal.

                                 Anthracometer

   An`thra*com"e*ter  (#),  n.  [Gr. -meter.] An instrument for measuring
   the amount of carbonic acid in a mixture.

                                Anthracometric

   An`thra*co*met"ric (#), a. Of or pertaining to an anthracometer.

                                  Anthraonite

   An*thra"o*nite  (#),  n. [See Anthracite.] (Min.) A coal-black marble,
   usually  emitting a fetid smell when rubbed; -- called also stinkstone
   and swinestone.

                                 Anthraquinone

   An`thra*qui"none   (#),   n.   [Anthracene   +   quinone.]  (Chem.)  A
   hydrocarbon,  C6H4.C2O2.C6H4,  subliming in shining yellow needles. It
   is obtained by oxidation of anthracene.

                                    Anthrax

   An"thrax (#), n. [L., fr. Gr.

   1. (Med.) (a) A carbuncle. (b) A malignant pustule.

   2.  (Biol.)  A  microscopic,  bacterial organism (Bacillus anthracis),
   resembling transparent rods. [See Illust. under Bacillus.]

   3.  An  infectious  disease of cattle and sheep. It is ascribed to the
   presence of a rod-shaped bacterium (Bacillus anthracis), the spores of
   which  constitute  the contagious matter. It may be transmitted to man
   by  inoculation.  The  spleen becomes greatly enlarged and filled with
   bacteria. Called also splenic fever.

                                   Anthrenus

   An*thre"nus (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small beetles,
   several  of which, in the larval state, are very destructive to woolen
   goods,  fur,  etc.  The  common "museum pest" is A. varius; the carpet
   beetle  is  A.  scrophulari\'91.  The larv\'91 are commonly confounded
   with moths.

                            Anthropic, Anthropical

   An*throp"ic  (#),  An*throp"ic*al  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  Like or
   related to man; human. [R.] Owen.

                                 Anthropid\'91

   An*throp"i*d\'91  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The group that
   includes man only.

                                Anthropocentric

   An`thro*po*cen"tric  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Assuming  man  as  the  center or
   ultimate end; -- applied to theories of the universe or of any part of
   it, as the solar system. Draper.

                                 Anthropogenic

   An`thro*po*gen"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to anthropogeny.

                                 Anthropogeny

   An`thro*pog"e*ny   (#),   n.  [Gr.  The  science  or  study  of  human
   generation, or the origin and development of man.

                                 Anthropoglot

   An*throp"o*glot  (#),  n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An animal which has a tongue
   resembling that of man, as the parrot.

                                Anthropography

   An`thro*pog"ra*phy  (#), n. [Gr. -graphy.] That branch of anthropology
   which  treats  of  the  actual  distribution  of the human race in its
   different divisions, as distinguished by physical character, language,
   institutions,  and customs, in contradistinction to ethnography, which
   treats  historically of the origin and filiation of races and nations.
   P. Cyc.

                                  Anthropoid

   An"thro*poid (#), a. [Gr. -oid.] Resembling man; -- applied especially
   to certain apes, as the ourang or gorilla. -- n. An anthropoid ape.

                                 Anthropoidal

   An`thro*poid"al (#), a. Anthropoid.

                                 Anthropoidea

   An`thro*poid"e*a  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.  See Anthropoid.] (Zo\'94l.) The
   suborder of primates which includes the monkeys, apes, and man.

                                 Anthropolatry

   An`thro*pol"a*try (#), n. [Gr. Man worship.

                                 Anthropolite

   An*throp"o*lite  (#),  n. [Gr. -lite.] (Paleon.) A petrifaction of the
   human body, or of any portion of it.

                        Anthropologic, Anthropological

   An`thro*po*log"ic  (#),  An`thro*po*log"ic*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining to
   anthropology;  belonging to the nature of man. "Anthropologic wisdom."
   Kingsley. -- An`thro*po*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                Anthropologist

   An`thro*pol"o*gist (#), n. One who is versed in anthropology.

                                 Anthropology

   An`thro*pol"o*gy (#), n. [Gr. -logy.]

   1. The science of the structure and functions of the human body.

   2.  The  science  of man; -- sometimes used in a limited sense to mean
   the study of man as an object of natural history, or as an animal.

   3.  That  manner of expression by which the inspired writers attribute
   human parts and passions to God.

                                 Anthropomancy

   An"thro*po*man`cy  (#), n. [Gr. -mancy.] Divination by the entrails of
   human being.

                       Anthropometric, Anthropometrical

   An`thro*po*met"ric  (#),  An`thro*po*met"ric*al  (#), a. Pertaining to
   anthropometry.

                                 Anthropometry

   An`thro*pom"e*try  (#), n. [Gr. -mercy.] Measurement of the height and
   other  dimensions of human beings, especially at different ages, or in
   different races, occupations, etc. Dunglison.

                                Anthropomorpha

   An`thro*po*mor"pha  (#), n. pl. [NL. See Anthropomorphism.] (Zo\'94l.)
   The manlike, or anthropoid, apes.

                                Anthropomorphic

   An`thro*po*mor"phic  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  anthromorphism.
   Hadley. -- An`thro*po*mor"phic*al*ly (#), adv.

                               Anthropomorphism

   An`thro*po*mor"phism (#), n. [Gr.

   1.  The representation of the Deity, or of a polytheistic deity, under
   a human form, or with human attributes and affections.

   2. The ascription of human characteristics to things not human.

                               Anthropomorphist

   An`thro*po*mor"phist  (#),  n.  One  who  attributes the human form or
   other human attributes to the Deity or to anything not human.

                               Anthropomorphite

   An`thro*po*mor"phite  (#),  n.  One who ascribes a human form or human
   attributes   to   the  Deity  or  to  a  polytheistic  deity.  Taylor.
   Specifically,  one of a sect of ancient heretics who believed that God
   has a human form, etc. Tillotson.

                               Anthropomorphitic

   An`thro*po*mor*phit"ic (#), a. (Biol.) to anthropomorphism. Kitto.

                              Anthropomorphitism

   An`thro*po*mor"phi*tism (#), n. Anthropomorphism. Wordsworth.

                               Anthropomorphize

   An`thro*po*mor"phize  (#),  v.  t.  &  i. To attribute a human form or
   personality to.

     You  may  see  imaginative  children  every day anthropomorphizing.
     Lowell.

                              Anthropomorphology

   An`thro*po*mor*phol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Gr. -logy. See Anthropomorphism.]
   The application to God of terms descriptive of human beings.

                               Anthropomorphosis

   An`thro*po*mor"pho*sis (#), n. Transformation into the form of a human
   being.

                               Anthropomorphous

   An`thro*po*mor"phous  (#), a. Having the figure of, or resemblance to,
   a man; as, an anthromorphous plant. "Anthromorphous apes." Darwin.

                       Anthropopathic, Anthropopathical

   An`thro*po*path"ic (#), An`thro*po*path"ic*al (#), a. Of or pertaining
   to anthropopathy. [R.] -- An`thro*po*path"ic*al*ly, adv.

     The  daring  anthropopathic  imagery  by  which  the prophets often
     represent God as chiding, upbraiding, threatening. H. Rogers.

                        Anthropopathism, Anthropopathy

   An`thro*pop"a*thism (#), An`thro*pop"a*thy (#), n. [Gr. The ascription
   of human feelings or passions to God, or to a polytheistic deity.

     In  its  recoil from the gross anthropopathy of the vulgar notions,
     it falls into the vacuum of absolute apathy. Hare.

                                 Anthropophagi

   An`thro*poph"a*gi  (#),  n.  pl.  [L.,  fr. Gr. Man eaters; cannibals.
   Shak.

                       Anthropophagic, Anthropophagical

   An`thro*po*phag"ic  (#),  An`thro*po*phag"ic*al  (#),  a.  Relating to
   cannibalism or anthropophagy.

                               Anthropophaginian

   An`thro*poph`a*gin"i*an  (#), n. One who east human flesh. [Ludicrous]
   Shak.

                                Anthropophagite

   An`thro*poph"a*gite (#), n. A cannibal. W. Taylor.

                                Anthropophagous

   An`thro*poph"a*gous (#), a. Feeding on human flesh; cannibal.

                                 Anthropophagy

   An`thro*poph"a*gy (#), n. [Gr. The eating of human flesh; cannibalism.
   <-- p. 64 -->

                                Anthropophuism

   An"thro*poph"u*ism (#), n. [Gr. Human nature. [R.] Gladstone.

                                 Anthroposcopy

   An`thro*pos"co*py  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -scopy.]  The art of discovering or
   judging  of a man's character, passions. and inclinations from a study
   of his visible features. [R.]

                                 Anthroposophy

   An`thro*pos"o*phy  (#), n. [Gr. Knowledge of the nature of man; hence,
   human wisdom.

                                Anthropotomical

   An`thro*po*tom"ic*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to  anthropotomy,  or  the
   dissection of human bodies.

                                Anthropotomist

   An`thro*pot"o*mist (#), n. One who is versed in anthropotomy, or human
   anatomy.

                                 Anthropotomy

   An`thro*pot"o*my  (#),  n. [Gr. The anatomy or dissection of the human
   body; androtomy. Owen.

                                  Anthypnotic

   Ant`hyp*not"ic (#). See Antihypnotic.

                               Anthypochondriac

   Ant`hyp*o*chon"dri*ac (#), a. & n. See Antihypochondriac.

                                  Anthysteric

   Ant`hys*ter"ic (#), a. & n. See Antihysteric.

                                     Anti

   An"ti  (#).  [Gr. Ante.] A prefix meaning against, opposite or opposed
   to,  contrary,  or in place of; -- used in composition in many English
   words. It is often shortened to ant-; as, antacid, antarctic.

                                   Anti\'91

   An"ti*\'91  (#),  n. pl. [L., forelock.] (Zo\'94l.) The two projecting
   feathered angles of the forehead of some birds; the frontal points.

                                  Antialbumid

   An`ti*al*bu"mid  (#),  n. [Pref. anti- + -albumin.] (Physiol. Chem.) A
   body  formed  from  albumin by pancreatic and gastric digestion. It is
   convertible into antipeptone.

                                 Antialbumose

   An`ti*al"bu*mose` (#), n. (Physiol.) See Albumose.

                                 Anti-American

   An`ti-A*mer"i*can  (#),  a.  Opposed  to the Americans, their aims, or
   interests, or to the genius of American institutions. Marshall.

                                Antiaphrodisiac

   An`ti*aph`ro*dis"i*ac (#), a. & n. Same as Antaphrodisiac.

                                Antiapoplectic

   An`ti*ap`o*plec"tic (#), a. & n. (Med.) Same as Antapoplectic.

                                    Antiar

   An"ti*ar  (#),  n.  [Jav.  antjar.] A Virulent poison prepared in Java
   from  the  gum  resin  of  one  species  of  the  upas  tree (Antiaris
   toxicaria).

                                   Antiarin

   An`ti*a*rin  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  A  poisonous  principle  obtained from
   antiar. Watts.

                                 Antiasthmatic

   An`ti*asth*mat"ic (#), a. & n. Same as Antasthmatic.

                                 Antiattrition

   An`ti*at*tri"tion (#), n. Anything to prevent the effects of friction,
   esp.  a  compound  lubricant  for machinery, etc., often consisting of
   plumbago, with some greasy material; antifriction grease.

                                 Antibacchius

   An`ti*bac*chi"us  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr. Gr. Bacchius.] (Pros.) A foot of
   three syllables, the first two long, and the last short (#).

                                  Antibillous

   An`ti*bil"lous (#), a. Counteractive of bilious complaints; tending to
   relieve biliousness.

                                 Antibrachial

   An`ti*brach"i*al (#), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the antibrachium,
   or forearm.

                                 Antibrachium

   An`ti*brach"i*um  (#),  n.  [NL.]  (Anat.)  That part of the fore limb
   between the brachium and the carpus; the forearm.

                                  Antibromic

   An`ti*bro"mic  (#),  n.  [Pref.  anti-  +  Gr.  An agent that destroys
   offensive smells; a deodorizer.

                                  Antiburgher

   An`ti*burgh"er (#), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One who seceded from the Burghers
   (1747), deeming it improper to take the Burgess oath.

                                     Antic

   An"tic  (#), a. [The same word as antique; cf. It. antico ancient. See
   Antique.]

   1. Old; antique. (Zo\'94l.) "Lords of antic fame." Phaer.

   2. Odd; fantastic; fanciful; grotesque; ludicrous.

     The antic postures of a merry-andrew. Addison.

     The  Saxons  .  .  .  worshiped many idols, barbarous in name, some
     monstrous, all antic for shape. Fuller.

                                     Antic

   An"tic, n.

   1.  A  buffoon or merry-andrew; one that practices odd gesticulations;
   the Fool of the old play.

   2. An odd imagery, device, or tracery; a fantastic figure.

     Woven with antics and wild imagery. Spenser.

   3. A grotesque trick; a piece of buffoonery; a caper.

     And  fraught  with  antics  as  the  Indian  bird  That writhes and
     chatters in her wiry cage. Wordsworth.

   4. (Arch.) A grotesque representation. [Obs.]

   5. An antimask. [Obs. or R.]

     Performed by knights and ladies of his court In nature of an antic.
     Ford.

                                     Antic

   An"tic,  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Anticked (#), Antickt.] To make appear
   like a buffoon. [Obs.] Shak.

                                     Antic

   An"tic, v. i. To perform antics.

                                 Anticatarrhal

   An`ti*ca*tarrh`al (#), a. (Med.) Efficacious against catarrh. -- n. An
   anticatarrhal remedy.

                                  Anticathode

   An`ti*cath"ode  (#), n. (Phys.) The part of a vacuum tube opposite the
   cathode. Upon it the cathode rays impinge.

                                 Anticausodic

   An`ti*cau*sod"ic (#), a. & n. (Med.) Same as Anticausotic.

                                 Anticausotic

   An`ti*cau*sot"ic  (#),  a.  [Pref.  anti- + Gr. (Med.) Good against an
   inflammatory fever. -- n. A remedy for such a fever.

                                  Antichamber

   An"ti*cham`ber, n. [Obs.] See Antechamber.

                                   Antichlor

   An"ti*chlor  (#),  n.  [Pref. anti- + chlorine.] (Chem.) Any substance
   (but  especially  sodium  hyposulphite) used in removing the excess of
   chlorine left in paper pulp or stuffs after bleaching.

                                  Antichrist

   An"ti*christ  (#),  n.  [L.  Antichristus, Gr. A denier or opponent of
   Christ.  Specif.:  A  great  antagonist,  person or power, expected to
   precede Christ's second coming.

                                 Antichristian

   An`ti*chris"tian (?; 106), a. Opposed to the Christian religion.

                      Antichristianism, Antichristianity

   An`ti*chris"tian*ism  (#), An`ti*chris*tian"i*ty (#), n. Opposition or
   contrariety to the Christian religion.

                                Antichristianly

   An`ti*chris"tian*ly (#), adv. In an antichristian manner.

                                 Antichronical

   An`ti*chron"ic*al  (#), a. Deviating from the proper order of time. --
   An`ti*chron"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                 Antichronism

   An*tich"ro*nism  (#),  n.  [Gr. Deviation from the true order of time;
   anachronism. [R.] Selden.

                                  Antichthon

   An*tich"thon (#), n.; pl. Antichthones (#). [Gr.

   1.  A  hypothetical  earth counter to ours, or on the opposite side of
   the sun. Grote.

   2. pl. Inhabitants of opposite hemispheres. Whewell.

                                  Anticipant

   An*tic"i*pant   (#),   a.  [L.  anticipans,  p.  pr.  of  anticipare.]
   Anticipating; expectant; -- with of.

     Wakening guilt, anticipant of hell. Southey.

                                  Anticipate

   An*tic"i*pate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anticipated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Anticipating  (#).]  [L.  anticipatus,  p.  p.  of  anticipare  to
   anticipate; ante + capere to make. See Capable.]

   1. To be before in doing; to do or take before another; to preclude or
   prevent by prior action.

     To anticipate and prevent the duke's purpose. R. Hall.

     He  would  probably  have  died  by the hand of the executioner, if
     indeed  the  executioner  had not been anticipated by the populace.
     Macaulay.

   2.  To take up or introduce beforehand, or before the proper or normal
   time;  to  cause to occur earlier or prematurely; as, the advocate has
   anticipated a part of his argument.

   3.  To  foresee  (a  wish, command, etc.) and do beforehand that which
   will be desired.

   4.  To foretaste or foresee; to have a previous view or impression of;
   as, to anticipate the pleasures of a visit; to anticipate the evils of
   life.  Syn. -- To prevent; obviate; preclude; forestall; expect. -- To
   Anticipate,  Expect. These words, as here compared, agree in regarding
   some  future  event as about to take place. Expect is the stringer. It
   supposes  some  ground or reason in the mind for considering the event
   as likely to happen. Anticipate is, literally, to take beforehand, and
   here denotes simply to take into the mind as conception of the future.
   Hence,  to  say, "I did not anticipate a refusal," expresses something
   less  definite  and  strong  than to say, " did not expect it." Still,
   anticipate  is  a  convenient  word  to be interchanged with expect in
   cases where the thought will allow.

     Good  with  bad  Expect  to  hear;  supernal  grace contending With
     sinfulness of men. Milton.

     I  would  not  anticipate the relish of any happiness, nor feel the
     weight of any misery, before it actually arrives. Spectator.

     Timid men were anticipating another civil war. Macaulay.

                                 Anticipation

   An*tic`i*pa"tion (#), n. [L. anticipatio: cf. F. anticipation.]

   1.  The  act  of  anticipating,  taking  up,  placing,  or considering
   something beforehand, or before the proper time in natural order.

     So shall my anticipation prevent your discovery. Shak.

   2.  Previous  view  or  impression  of  what is to happen; instinctive
   prevision;  foretaste;  antepast;  as, the anticipation of the joys of
   heaven.

     The  happy  anticipation  of  renewed existence in company with the
     spirits of the just. Thodey.

   3. Hasty notion; intuitive preconception.

     Many  men  give  themselves  up to the first anticipations of their
     minds. Locke.

   4.  (Mus.)  The  commencing  of  one  or more tones of a chord with or
   during  the  chord  preceding,  forming  a  momentary discord. Syn. --
   Preoccupation;    preclusion;    foretaste;   prelibation;   antepast;
   pregustation; preconception; expectation; foresight; forethought.

                                 Anticipative

   An*tic"i*pa*tive  (#),  a.  Anticipating,  or containing anticipation.
   "Anticipative  of  the  feast  to come." Cary. -- An*tic"i*pa*tive*ly,
   adv.

                                  Anticipator

   An*tic"i*pa`tor (#), n. One who anticipates.

                                 Anticipatory

   An*tic"i*pa*to*ry  (#), a. Forecasting; of the nature of anticipation.
   Owen.

     Here is an anticipatory glance of what was to be. J. C. Shairp.

                                   Anticivic

   An`ti*civ"ic (#), n. Opposed to citizenship.

                                  Anticivism

   An`ti*civ"ism  (#),  n.  Opposition  to  the body politic of citizens.
   [Obs.] Carlyle.

                                  Anticlastic

   An`ti*clas"tic   (#),  a.  [Pref.  anti-  =  Gr.  Having  to  opposite
   curvatures,  that  is,  curved  longitudinally  in  one  direction and
   transversely in the opposite direction, as the surface of a saddle.

                                  Anticlimax

   An`ti*cli"max  (#),  n. (Rhet.) A sentence in which the ideas fall, or
   become  less  important and striking, at the close; -- the opposite of
   climax. It produces a ridiculous effect. Example:

     Next comes Dalhousie, the great god of war,

     Lieutenant-colonel  to  the  Earl  Anticlinal An`ti*cli"nal (#), a.
     [Pref. anti- + Gr. Inclining or dipping in opposite directions. See
     Synclinal.

     Anticlinal line

   ,  Anticlinal  axis  (Geol.), a line from which strata dip in opposite
   directions,  as  from  the  ridge  of  a  roof. -- Anticlinal vertebra
   (Anat.),  one  of the dorsal vertebr\'91, which in many animals has an
   upright  spine  toward which the spines of the neighboring vertebr\'91
   are inclined.

                                  Anticlinal

   An`ti*cli"nal,  n.  (Geol.) The crest or line in which strata slope or
   dip in opposite directions.

                                 Anticlinorium

   An`ti*cli*no"ri*um  (#),  n.;  pl.  Anticlinoria  (#).  [NL.,  fr. Gr.
   (Geol.) The upward elevation of the crust of the earth, resulting from
   a geanticlinal.

                                    Anticly

   An"tic*ly (#), adv. Oddly; grotesquely.

                                  Antic-mask

   An"tic-mask` (#), n. An antimask. B. Jonson.

                                   Anticness

   An"tic*ness, n. The quality of being antic. Ford.

                              Anticonstitutional

   An`ti*con`sti*tu"tion*al   (#),   a.   Opposed  to  the  constitution;
   unconstitutional.

                                Anticontagious

   An`ti*con*ta"gious (#), a. (Med.) Opposing or destroying contagion.

                                Anticonvulsive

   An`ti*con*vul"sive (#), a. (Med.) Good against convulsions. J. Floyer.

                                    Anticor

   An"ti*cor (#), n. [Pref. anti- + L. cor heart; cf. F. antic.] (Far.) A
   dangerous inflammatory swelling of a horse's breast, just opposite the
   heart.

                                   Anticous

   An*ti"cous  (#),  a. [L. anticus in front, foremost, fr. ante before.]
   (Bot.)  Facing  toward  the  axis  of  the  flower, as in the introrse
   anthers of the water lily.

                                  Anticyclone

   An"ti*cy`clone  (#),  n.  (Meteorol.)  A  movement  of  the atmosphere
   opposite   in   character,  as  regards  direction  of  the  wind  and
   distribution  of  barometric  pressure,  to  that  of  a  cyclone.  --
   An`ti*cy*clon"ic (#), a. -- An`ti*cy*clon"ic*al*ly (#), adv.

                                   Antidotal

   An"ti*do`tal  (#)(#)  a.  Having  the  quality  an antidote; fitted to
   counteract  the  effects of poison. Sir T. Browne. -- An"ti*do`tal*ly,
   adv.

                                  Antidotary

   An"ti*do`ta*ry  (#),  a.  Antidotal.  --  n. Antidote; also, a book of
   antidotes.

                                   Antidote

   An"ti*dote (#), n. [L. antidotum, Gr. antidote. See Dose, n.]

   1.  A  remedy  to  counteract  the  effects  of poison, or of anything
   noxious  taken into the stomach; -- used with against, for, or to; as,
   an antidote against, for, or to, poison.

   2.  Whatever  tends  to  prevent mischievous effects, or to counteract
   evil which something else might produce.

                                   Antidote

   An"ti*dote, v. t.

   1.  To  counteract  or  prevent the effects of, by giving or taking an
   antidote.

     Nor  could  Alexander  himself  .  . . antidote . . . the poisonous
     draught, when it had once got into his veins. South.

   2. To fortify or preserve by an antidote.

                                  Antidotical

   An`ti*dot"ic*al (#), a. Serving as an antidote. -- An`ti*dot"ic*al*ly,
   adv.

                                  Antidromous

   An*tid"ro*mous  (#),  a.  [Pref.  anti-  +  Gr.  (Bot.)  Changing  the
   direction in the spiral sequence of leaves on a stem.

                                Antidysenteric

   An`ti*dys`en*ter"ic  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Good against dysentery. -- n. A
   medicine for dysentery.

                                  Antiemetic

   An`ti*e*met"ic (#), a. (Med.) Same as Antemetic.

                                 Antiephialtic

   An`ti*eph`i*al"tic (#), a. & n. (Med.) Same as Antephialtic.

                                 Antiepileptic

   An`ti*ep`i*lep"tic (#), a. & n. (Med.) Same as Antepileptic.

                                  Antifebrile

   An`ti*fe"brile (#), a. & n. (Med.) Febrifuge.

                                  Antifebrine

   An`ti*feb"rine (#), n. (Med.) Acetanilide.

                                Anti-federalist

   An`ti-fed"er*al*ist  (#),  n.  One  of  party  opposed to a federative
   government;  --  applied  particularly  to the party which opposed the
   adoption of the constitution of the United States. Pickering.

                                 Antifriction

   An`ti*fric"tion  (#),  n.  Something  to  lessea.  Tending  to  lessen
   friction.

                                 Antigalastic

   An`ti*ga*las"tic  (#), a. [Pref. anti- + Gr. Causing a diminution or a
   suppression of the secretion of milk.

                                 Anti-Gallican

   An`ti-Gal"li*can (#), a. Opposed to what is Gallic or French.

                                   Antigraph

   An"ti*graph (#), n. [Gr. antigraphe.] A copy or transcript.

                                  Antiguggler

   An`ti*gug"gler (#) n. [Pref. anti- + guggle or gurgle.] A crooked tube
   of  metal,  to be introduced into the neck of a bottle for drawing out
   the  liquid  without  disturbing  the  sediment  or causing a gurgling
   noise.

                                   Antihelix

   An`ti*he"lix  (#), n. (Anat.) The curved elevation of the cartilage of
   the ear, within or in front of the helix. See Ear.

                                Antihemorrhagic

   An`ti*hem`or*rhag"ic  (#), a. (Med.) Tending to stop hemorrhage. -- n.
   A remedy for hemorrhage.

                                Antihydrophobic

   An`ti*hy`dro*phob"ic   (#),  a.  (Med.)  Counteracting  or  preventing
   hydrophobia. -- n. A remedy for hydrophobia.

                                 Antihydropic

   An`ti*hy*drop"ic  (#),  a.  (Med.) Good against dropsy. -- n. A remedy
   for dropsy.

                                 Antihypnotic

   An`ti*hyp*not"ic  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Tending to prevent sleep. -- n. An
   antihypnotic agent.

                               Antihypochondriac

   An`ti*hyp`o*chon"dri*ac  (#), a. (Med.) Counteractive of hypochondria.
   -- n. A remedy for hypochondria.

                                 Antihysteric

   An`ti*hys*ter"ic (#), a. (Med.) Counteracting hysteria. -- n. A remedy
   for hysteria.

                                  Antiicteric

   An`ti*ic*ter"ic  (#),  a. (Med.) Good against jaundice. -- n. A remedy
   for jaundice.

                                 Antilegomena

   An`ti*le*gom"e*na  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Eccl.) Certain books of
   the  New Testament which were for a time not universally received, but
   which  are  now  considered  canonical.  These  are the Epistle to the
   Hebrews,  the Epistles of James and Jude, the second Epistle of Peter,
   the  second  and  third  Epistles  of  John,  and  the Revelation. The
   undisputed books are called the Homologoumena.

                                 Antilibration

   An`ti*li*bra"tion (#), n. A balancing; equipoise. [R.] De Quincey.

                                  Antilithic

   An`ti*lith"ic  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Tending  to  prevent the formation of
   urinary  calculi,  or to destroy them when formed. -- n. An antilithic
   medicine.

                                 Antilogarithm

   An`ti*log"a*rithm  (#),  n.  (Math.)  The  number  corresponding  to a
   logarithm.  The word has been sometimes, though rarely, used to denote
   the  complement  of  a  given  logarithm;  also the logarithmic cosine
   corresponding  to  a  given  logarithmic sine. -- An`ti*log`a*rith"mic
   (#), a.

                                  Antilogous

   An*til"o*gous (#), a. Of the contrary name or character; -- opposed to
   analogous.  Antilogous  pole  (Eccl.),  that  pole  of a crystal which
   becomes negatively electrified when heated.

                                   Antilogy

   An*til"o*gy  (#), n.; pl. Antilogies (#). [Gr. A contradiction between
   any words or passages in an author. Sir W. Hamilton. <-- p. 65 -->

                                  Antiloimic

   An`ti*loi"mic (#), n. (Med.) A remedy against the plague. Brande & C.

                                  Antilopine

   An*til"o*pine (#), a. Of or relating to the antelope.

                                  Antiloquist

   An*til"o*quist (#), n. A contradicter. [Obs.]

                                   Antiloquy

   An*til"o*quy (#), n. [Pref. anti- + L. loqui to speak.] Contradiction.
   [Obs.]

                                  Antilyssic

   An`ti*lys"sic (#), a. & n. [Pref. anti- + Gr. (Med.) Antihydrophobic.

                                 Antimacassar

   An`ti*ma*cas"sar  (#),  n.  A cover for the back or arms of a chair or
   sofa, etc., to prevent them from being soiled by macassar or other oil
   from the hair.

                                Antimagistrical

   An`ti*ma*gis"tric*al   (#),   a.   [Pref.   anti-  +  magistrical  for
   magistratical.]  Opposed  to  the  office or authority of magistrates.
   [Obs.] South.

                                 Antimalarial

   An`ti*ma*la"ri*al (#), a. Good against malaria.

                                   Antimask

   An"ti*mask`  (#), n. A secondary mask, or grotesque interlude, between
   the parts of a serious mask. [Written also anue.] Bacon.

                                   Antimason

   An`ti*ma"son  (#),  n.  One opposed to Freemasonry. -- An`ti*ma*son"ic
   (#), a.

                                  Antimasonry

   An`ti*ma"son*ry (#), n. Opposition to Freemasonry.

                                 Antimephitic

   An`ti*me*phit"ic  (#), a. (Med.) Good against mephitic or deletplwious
   gases. -- n. A remedy against mephitic gases. Dunglison.

                                   Antimplwe

   An"ti*mplwe  (#),  n. [. anti- + -mere.] (Biol.) One of the two halves
   of bilaterally symmetrical animals; one of any opposite symmetrical or
   homotypic parts in animals and plants.

                                 Antimetabole

   An`ti*me*tab"o*le  (#),  n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure in which the
   same words or ideas are repeated in transposed order.

                                Antimetathesis

   An`ti*me*tath"e*sis  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr. Gr. (Rhet.) An antithesis in
   which the members are repeated in inverse order.

                                   Antimeter

   An*tim"e*ter  (#),  n.  [Gr.  A  modification  of  the  quadrant,  for
   measuring small angles. [Obs.]

                        Antimonarchic, Antimonarchical

   An`ti*mo*nar"chic (#), An`ti*mo*nar"chic*al (#), Opposed to monarchial
   government. Bp. Benson. Addison.

                                Antimonarchist

   An`ti*mon"arch*ist (#), n. An enemy to monarchial government.

                                  Antimonate

   An`ti*mo"nate (#), n. (Chem.) A compound of antimonic acid with a base
   or basic radical. [Written also antimoniate.]

                                  Antimonial

   An`ti*mo"ni*al  (#),  a.  Of or pertaining to antimony. -- n. (Med.) A
   preparation  or  medicine  containing  antimony.  Antimonial powder, a
   consisting  of  one  part oxide of antimony and two parts phosphate of
   calcium; -- also called James's powder.
   
                                 Antimoniated
                                       
   An`ti*mo"ni*a`ted  (#),  a.  Combined  or  prepared with antimony; as,
   antimoniated tartar. 

                                   Antimonic

   An`ti*mon"ic (#), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, antimony;
   --  said  of those compounds of antimony in which this element has its
   highest equivalence; as, antimonic acid.

                                  Antimonious

   An`ti*mo"ni*ous  (#),  a.  (Chem.)  Pertaining  to,  or  derived from,
   antimony; -- said of those compounds of antimony in which this element
   has an equivalence next lower than the highest; as, antimonious acid.

                                  Antimonite

   An"ti*mo*nite` (#), n.

   1. (Chem.) A compound of antimonious acid and a base or basic radical.

   2. (Min.) Stibnite.

                                Antimoniureted

   An`ti*mo"ni*u*ret`ed  (#),  a.  (Chem.)  Combined  with  or containing
   antimony; as, antimoniureted hydrogen. [Written also antimoniuretted.]

                                   Antimony

   An"ti*mo*ny  (?; 112), n. [LL. antimonium, of unknown origin.] (Chem.)
   An  elementary  substance,  resembling  a  metal in its appearance and
   physical  properties,  but  in its chemical relations belonging to the
   class of nonmetallic substances. Atomic weight, 120. Symbol, Sb.

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  of  ti n-white co lor, br ittle, la minated or
     crystalline,  fusible, and vaporizable at a rather low temperature.
     It  is  used in some metallic alloys, as type metal and bell metal,
     and  also for medical preparations, which are in general emetics or
     cathartics.  By  ancient  writers,  and  some  moderns, the term is
     applied to native gray ore of antimony, or stibnite (the stibium of
     the  Romans,  and the Cervantite, senarmontite, and valentinite are
     native oxides of antimony.

                                 Antinational

   An`ti*na"tion*al  (#),  a. Antagonistic to one's country or nation, or
   to a national government.

                                 Antinephritic

   An`ti*ne*phrit"ic  (#),  a. (Med.) Counteracting, or deemed of use in,
   diseases of the kidneys. -- n. An antinephritic remedy.

                                  Antinomian

   An`ti*no"mi*an  (#),  a.  [See  Antimony.]  Of  or  pertaining  to the
   Antinomians; opposed to the doctrine that the moral law is obligatory.

                                  Antinomian

   An`ti*no"mi*an,  n.  (Eccl.  Hist.)  One who maintains that, under the
   gospel  dispensation,  the  moral  law is of no use or obligation, but
   that  faith  alone  is necessary to salvation. The sect of Antinomians
   originated  with  John  Agricola,  in  Germany,  about  the year 1535.
   Mosheim.

                                 Antinomianism

   An`ti*no"mi*an*ism  (#),  n.  The  tenets  or practice of Antinomians.
   South.

                                  Antinomist

   An*tin"o*mist (#), n. An Antinomian. [R.] Bp. Sanderson.

                                   Antinomy

   An*tin"o*my (?; 277), n.; pl. Antinomies (#). [L. antinomia, Gr.

   1. Opposition of one law or rule to another law or rule.

     Different  commentators  have  deduced  from  it  the very opposite
     doctrines. In some instances this apparent antinomy is doubtful. De
     Quincey.

   2. An opposing law or rule of any kind.

     As it were by his own antinomy, or counterstatute. Milton.

   3.   (Metaph.)  A  contradiction  or  incompatibility  of  thought  or
   language; -- in the Kantian philosophy, such a contradiction as arises
   from  the  attempt  to  apply to the ideas of the reason, relations or
   attributes  which are appropriate only to the facts or the concepts of
   experience.

                                  Antiochian

   An`ti*o"chi*an (#), a.

   1.  Pertaining  to  Antiochus,  a  contemporary  with  Cicero, and the
   founder of a sect of philosophers.

   2. Of or pertaining to the city of Antioch, in Syria.
   Antiochian  epoch  (Chron.),  a  method  of  computing  time, from the
   proclamation of liberty granted to the city of Antioch, about the time
   of the battle of Pharsalia, B.C. 48.

                                Antiodontalgic

   An`ti*o`don*tal"gic (#), a. (Med.) Efficacious in curing toothache. --
   n. A remedy for toothache.

                                 Antiorgastic

   An`ti*or*gas"tic  (#),  a.  [Pref. anti- + Gr. (Med.) Tending to allay
   venereal excitement or desire; sedative.

                                   Antipapal

   An`ti*pa"pal (#), a. Opposed to the pope or to popery. Milton.

                                 Antiparallel

   An`ti*par"al*lel (#), a. Running in a contrary direction. Hammond.

                                 Antiparallels

   An`ti*par"al*lels  (#),  n. pl. (Geom.) Straight lines or planes which
   make  angles  in  some  respect opposite in character to those made by
   parallel lines or planes.

                                 Antiparalytic

   An`ti*par`a*lyt"ic  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Good  against paralysis. -- n. A
   medicine for paralysis.

                                Antiparalytical

   An`ti*par`a*lyt"ic*al (#), a. Antiparalytic.

                         Antipathetic, Antipathetical

   An`ti*pa*thet"ic  (#),  An`ti*pa*thet"ic*al  (#),  a. Having a natural
   contrariety,  or constitutional aversion, to a thing; characterized by
   antipathy; -- often followed by to. Fuller.

                                  Antipathic

   An`ti*path"ic  (#),  a.  [NL.  antipathicus,  Gr.  (Med.) Belonging to
   antipathy; opposite; contrary; allopathic.

                                  Antipathist

   An*tip"a*thist  (#), n. One who has an antipathy. [R.] "Antipathist of
   light." Coleridge.

                                  Antipathize

   An*tip"a*thize (#), v. i. To feel or show antipathy. [R.]

                                  Antipathous

   An*tip"a*thous   (#),   a.  Having  a  natural  contrariety;  adverse;
   antipathetic. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

                                   Antipathy

   An*tip"a*thy  (#),  n.;  pl.  Antipathies  (#).  [L.  antipathia,  Gr.
   antipathie. See Pathos.]

   1.  Contrariety or opposition in feeling; settled aversion or dislike;
   repugnance; distaste.

     Inveterate  antipathies  against particular nations, and passionate
     attachments to others, are to be avoided. Washington.

   2.  Natural contrariety; incompatibility; repugnancy of qualities; as,
   oil and water have antipathy.

     A  habit  is  generated of thinking that a natural antipathy exists
     between hope and reason. I. Taylor.

     NOTE: &hand; An y is  op posed to  sy mpathy. It is followed by to,
     against, or between; also sometimes by for.

   Syn.  --  Hatred;  aversion;  dislike;  disgust; distaste; enmity; ill
   will; repugnance; contrariety; opposition. See Dislike.

                                  Antipeptone

   An`ti*pep"tone  (#),  n.  (Physiol.  Chem.)  A  product of gastric and
   pancreatic   digestion,   differing  from  hemipeptone  in  not  being
   decomposed by the continued action of pancreatic juice.

                                 Antiperiodic

   An`ti*pe`ri*od"ic  (#),  n. (Med.) A remedy possessing the property of
   preventing  the  return  of  periodic  paroxysms, or exacerbations, of
   disease, as in intermittent fevers.

                                Antiperistaltic

   An`ti*per`i*stal"tic  (#),  a.  (Med.) Opposed to, or checking motion;
   acting  upward;  --  applied  to  an inverted action of the intestinal
   tube.

                                Antiperistasis

   An`ti*pe*ris"ta*sis  (#),  n.  [Gr.  Opposition  by  which the quality
   opposed asquires strength; resistance or reaction roused by opposition
   or by the action of an opposite principle or quality.

                                Antiperistatic

   An`ti*per`i*stat"ic (#), a. Pertaining to antiperistasis.

                                 Antipetalous

   An`ti*pet"al*ous (#), a. [Pref. anti- + petal.] (Bot.) Standing before
   a petal, as a stamen.

                                  Antipharmic

   An`ti*phar"mic   (#),   a.   [Pref.  anti-  +  Gr.  (Med.)  Antidotal;
   alexipharmic.

                                Antiphlogistian

   An`ti*phlo*gis"tian (#), n. An opposer of the theory of phlogiston.

                                Antiphlogistic

   An`ti*phlo*gis"tic (#), a.

   1. (Chem.) Opposed to the doctrine of phlogiston.

   2. (Med.) Counteracting inflammation.

                                Antiphlogistic

   An`ti*phlo*gis"tic,  n.  (Med.)  Any  medicine  or diet which tends to
   check inflammation. Coxe.

                                   Antiphon

   An"ti*phon (#), n. [LL. antiphona, fr. Gr. Anthem.]

   1.  A  musical response; alternate singing or chanting. See Antiphony,
   and Antiphone.

   2. A verse said before and after the psalms. Shipley.

                                  Antiphonal

   An*tiph"o*nal  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining to antiphony, or alternate
   singing;  sung  alternately  by  a  divided  choir or opposite choirs.
   Wheatly. -- An*tiph"o*nal*ly, adv.

                                  Antiphonal

   An*tiph"o*nal, n. A book of antiphons or anthems.

                                  Antiphonary

   An*tiph"o*na*ry  (#),  n.  [LL. antiphonarium. See Antiphoner.] A book
   containing  a collection of antiphons; the book in which the antiphons
   of the breviary, with their musical notes, are contained.

                                   Antiphone

   An"ti*phone  (#),  n.  (Mus.) The response which one side of the choir
   makes to the other in a chant; alternate chanting or signing.

                                  Antiphoner

   An*tiph"o*ner  (#),  n.  [F.  antiphonaire.  See  Antiphon.] A book of
   antiphons. Chaucer.

                                  Antiphonic

   An`ti*phon"ic (#), a. Antiphonal.

                                   Antiphony

   An*tiph"o*ny (#), n.; pl. Antiphonies (#). [See Antiphon.]

   1. A musical response; also, antiphonal chanting or signing.

   2.  An  anthem  or  psalm  sung alternately by a choir or congregation
   divided into two parts. Also figuratively.

     O! never more for me shall winds intone, With all your tops, a vast
     antiphony. R. Browning.

                                  Antiphrasis

   An*tiph"ra*sis  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr.  Gr. (Rhet.) The use of words in a
   sense  opposite to their proper meaning; as when a court of justice is
   called a court of vengeance.

                         Antiphrastic, Antiphrastical

   An`ti*phras"tic  (#),  An`ti*phras"tic*al  (#),  a. [Gr. Pertaining to
   antiphrasis. -- An`ti*phras"tic*al*ly, adv.

                                 Antiphthisic

   An`ti*phthis"ic  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Relieving  or  curing  phthisis, or
   consumption. -- n. A medicine for phthisis.

                                 Antiphysical

   An`ti*phys"ic*al (#), a. [Pref. anti- + physical.] Contrary to nature;
   unnatural.

                                 Antiphysical

   An`ti*phys"ic*al,  a.  [Pref. anti- + Gr. (Med.) Relieving flatulence;
   carminative.

                                  Antiplastic

   An`ti*plas"tic (#), a.

   1. Diminishing plasticity.

   2.   (Med.)   Preventing  or  checking  the  process  of  healing,  or
   granulation.

                                 Antipodagric

   An`ti*po*dag"ric  (#),  a.  (Med.) Good against gout. -- n. A medicine
   for gout.

                                   Antipodal

   An*tip"o*dal (#), a.

   1.  Pertaining  to the antipodes; situated on the opposite side of the
   globe.

   2. Diametrically opposite. His antipodal shadow." Lowell.

                                   Antipode

   An"ti*pode (#), n. One of the antipodes; anything exactly opposite.

     In  tale  or  history your beggar is ever the just antipode to your
     king. Lamb.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e si ngular, antipode, is exceptional in formation,
     but has been used by good writers. Its regular English plural would
     be &acr;n"t&icr;*p&omac;des, the last syllable rhyming with abodes,
     and   this  pronunciation  is  sometimes  heard.  The  plural  form
     (originally  a Latin word without a singular) is in common use, and
     is    pronounced,    after    the    English   method   of   Latin,
     &acr;n*t&icr;p"&osl;*d&emac;z.

                                  Antipodean

   An`ti*po"de*an  (#),  a.  Pertaining to the antipodes, or the opposite
   side of the world; antipodal.

                                   Antipodes

   An*tip"o*des (#), n. [L. pl., fr. Gr.

   1. Those who live on the side of the globe diametrically opposite.

   2.  The  country  of those who live on the opposite side of the globe.
   Latham.

   3. Anything exactly opposite or contrary.

     Can  there  be a greater contrariety unto Christ's judgment, a more
     perfect antipodes to all that hath hitherto been gospel? Hammond.

                                   Antipole

   An"ti*pole  (#), n. The opposite pole; anything diametrically opposed.
   Geo. Eliot.

                                   Antipope

   An"ti*pope  (#),  n.  One  who  is  elected,  or claims to be, pope in
   opposition to the pope canonically chosen; esp. applied to those popes
   who resided at Avignon during the Great Schism.

                                  Antipsoric

   An`tip*sor"ic  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Of  use  in curing the itch. -- n. An
   antipsoric remedy.

                                  Antiptosis

   An`tip*to"sis (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Gram.) The putting of one case for
   another.

                       Antiputrefactive, Antiputrescent

   An`ti*pu`tre*fac"tive  (#),  An`ti*pu*tres"cent (#), a. Counteracting,
   or preserving from, putrefaction; antiseptic.

                                   Antipyic

   An`ti*py"ic  (#),  a. [Pref. anti- + Gr. (Med.) Checking or preventing
   suppuration. -- n. An antipyic medicine.

                                  Antipyresis

   An`ti*py*re"sis (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) The condition or state of
   being free from fever.

                                  Antipyretic

   An`ti*py*ret"ic  (#),  a. (Med.) Efficacious in preventing or allaying
   fever. -- n. A febrifuge.

                                  Antipyrine

   An`ti*py"rine  (#),  n.  (Med.) An artificial alkaloid, believed to be
   efficient in abating fever.

                                  Antipyrotic

   An`ti*py*rot"ic  (#),  a.  (Med.) Good against burns or pyrosis. -- n.
   Anything of use in preventing or healing burns or pyrosis.

                                  Antiquarian

   An`ti*qua"ri*an (#), a. [See Antiquary]. Pertaining to antiquaries, or
   to antiquity; as, antiquarian literature.

                                  Antiquarian

   An`ti*qua"ri*an, n.

   1. An antiquary.

   2. A drawing paper of large size. See under Paper, n.

                                Antiquarianism

   An`ti*qua"ri*an*ism  (#),  n. Character of an antiquary; study or love
   of antiquities. Warburton.

                                Antiquarianize

   An`ti*qua"ri*an*ize  (#),  v.  i.  To  act  the  part of an antiquary.
   [Colloq.]

                                   Antiquary

   An"ti*qua*ry  (#),  a.  [L.  antiquarius,  fr.  antiquus  ancient. See
   Antique.]  Pertaining  to antiquity. [R.] "Instructed by the antiquary
   times." Shak.

                                   Antiquary

   An"ti*qua*ry,  n.;  pl.  Antiquaries  (#). One devoted to the study of
   ancient  times  through  their  relics,  as  inscriptions,  monuments,
   remains of ancient habitations, statues, coins, manuscripts, etc.; one
   who searches for and studies the relics of antiquity.

                                   Antiquate

   An"ti*quate  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  antiquatus,  p.  p.  of antiquare, fr.
   antiquus  ancient.] To make old, or obsolete; to make antique; to make
   old  in  such  a  degree as to put out of use; hence, to make void, or
   abrogate.

     Christianity  might reasonably introduce new laws, and antiquate or
     abrogate old one. Sir M. Hale.

                                  Antiquated

   An"ti*qua`ted  (#), a. Grown old. Hence: Bygone; obsolete; out of use;
   old-fashioned; as, an antiquated law. "Antiquated words." Dryden.

     Old  Janet,  for  so  he  understood  his  antiquated attendant was
     denominated. Sir W. Scott.

   Syn. -- Ancient; old; antique; obsolete. See Ancient.

                                Antiquatedness

   An"ti*qua`ted*ness, n. Quality of being antiquated.

                                 Antiquateness

   An"ti*quate*ness (#), n. Antiquatedness. [Obs.]

                                  Antiquation

   An`ti*qua"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  antiquatio,  fr. antiquare.] The act of
   making antiquated, or the state of being antiquated. Beaumont.

                                    Antique

   An*tique"  (#),  a.  [F.,  fr.  L.  antiquus  old,  ancient, equiv. to
   anticus, from ante before. Cf. Antic.]

   1.  Old; ancient; of genuine antiquity; as, an antique statue. In this
   sense it usually refers to the flourishing ages of Greece and Rome.

     For the antique world excess and pride did hate. Spenser.

   <-- p. 66 -->

   2.  Old,  as  respects the present age, or a modern period of time; of
   old  fashion;  antiquated;  as,  an  antique  robe.  "Antique  words."
   Spenser.

   3.  Made in imitation of antiquity; as, the antique style of Thomson's
   "Castle of Indolence."

   4.  Odd;  fantastic.  [In this sense, written antic.] Syn. -- Ancient;
   antiquated; obsolete; antic; old-fashioned; old. See Ancient.

                                    Antique

   An*tique" (#), n. [F. See Antique, a. ] In general, anything very old;
   but  in  a  more  limited  sense,  a  relic  or object of ancient art;
   collectively,  the  antique,  the  remains  of  ancient art, as busts,
   statues, paintings, and vases.

     Misshapen monuments and maimed antiques. Byron.

                                   Antiquely

   An*tique"ly, adv. In an antique manner.

                                  Antiqueness

   An*tique"ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  antique; an appearance of
   ancient origin and workmanship.

     We may discover something venerable in the antiqueness of the work.
     Addison.

                                   Antiquist

   An"ti*quist  (#),  n.  An  antiquary;  a  collector  of antiques. [R.]
   Pinkerton.

                                 Antiquitarian

   An*tiq`ui*ta"ri*an (#), n. An admirer of antiquity.

     NOTE: [Used by Milton in a disparaging sense.]

   [Obs.]

                                   Antiquity

   An*tiq"ui*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Antiquities  (#).  [L.  antiquitas,  fr.
   antiquus: cf. F. antiquit\'82. See Antique.]

   1.  The quality of being ancient; ancientness; great age; as, a statue
   of remarkable antiquity; a family of great antiquity.

   2. Old age. [Obs.]

     It  not  your  voice broken? . . . and every part about you blasted
     with antiquity? Shak.

   3.  Ancient  times; former ages; times long since past; as, Cicero was
   an eloquent orator of antiquity.

   4. The ancients; the people of ancient times.

     That  such  pillars  were  raised  by Seth all antiquity has Sir W.
     Raleigh.

   5. An old gentleman. [Obs.]

     You are a shrewd antiquity, neighbor Clench. B. Jonson.

   6.  A relic or monument of ancient times; as, a coin, a statue, etc. ;
   an ancient institution.

     NOTE: [In this sense, usually in the plural.]

   "Heathen antiquities." Bacon.

                                 Antirachitic

   An`ti*ra*chit"ic (#), a. (Med.) Good against the rickets.

                                  Antirenter

   An`ti*rent"er  (#), n. One opposed to the payment of rent; esp. one of
   those  who  in 1840-47 resisted the collection of rents claimed by the
   patroons  from  the settlers on certain manorial lands in the State of
   New York. -- An`ti*rent"ism (#), n.

                                Antisabbatarian

   An`ti*sab`ba*ta"ri*an  (#), n. (Eccl.) One of a sect which opposes the
   observance of the Christian Sabbath.

                                Antisacerdotal

   An`ti*sac`er*do"tal  (#),  a.  Hostile  to  priests or the priesthood.
   Waterland.

                             Antiscians, Antiscii

   An*tis"cians  (#),  An*tis"ci*i  (#),  n.  pl.  [L.  antiscii, Gr. The
   inhabitants  of  the  earth, living on different sides of the equator,
   whose shadows at noon are cast in opposite directions.

     The  inhabitants  of the north and south temperate zones are always
     Antiscians. Brande & C.

                           Antiscoletic, Antiscolic

   An`ti*sco*let"ic  (#), An`ti*scol"ic (#), a. [Pref. anti- + Gr. (Med.)
   Anthelmintic.

                                 Antiscorbutic

   An`ti*scor*bu"tic  (#), a. (Med.) Counteracting scurvy. -- n. A remedy
   for scurvy.

                                Antiscorbutical

   An`ti*scor*bu"tic*al (#), a. (Med.) Antiscorbutic.

                                Antiscriptural

   An`ti*scrip"tur*al  (#), a. Opposed to, or not in accordance with, the
   Holy Scriptures.

                                 Antisepalous

   An`ti*sep"al*ous (#), a. [Pref. anti- + sepal.] (Bot.) Standing before
   a sepal, or calyx leaf.

                           Antiseptic, Antiseptical

   An`ti*sep"tic   (#),   An`ti*sep"tic*al   (#),   a.  Counteracting  or
   preventing  putrefaction,  or  a  putrescent  tendency  in the system;
   antiputrefactive. Antiseptic surgery, that system of surgical practice
   which  insists upon a systematic use of antiseptics in the performance
   of operations and the dressing of wounds.

                                  Antiseptic

   An`ti*sep"tic,  n. A substance which prevents or retards putrefaction,
   or  destroys,  or  protects  from,  putrefactive  organisms; as, salt,
   carbolic acid, alcohol, cinchona.

                                Antiseptically

   An`ti*sep"tic*al*ly (#), adv. By means of antiseptics.

                                  Antislavery

   An`ti*slav"er*y  (#),  a.  Opposed  to  slavery.  --  n. Opposition to
   slavery.

                                  Antisocial

   An`ti*so"cial   (#),   a.  Tending  to  interrupt  or  destroy  social
   intercourse;  averse  to  society,  or  hostile  to its existence; as,
   antisocial principles.

                                 Antisocialist

   An`ti*so"cial*ist,  n.  One  opposed to the doctrines and practices of
   socialists or socialism.

                                   Antisolar

   An`ti*so"lar  (#), a. Opposite to the sun; -- said of the point in the
   heavens 180° distant from the sun.

                                 Antispasmodic

   An`ti*spas*mod"ic (#), a. (Med.) Good against spasms. -- n. A medicine
   which prevents or allays spasms or convulsions.

                                   Antispast

   An"ti*spast  (#),  n.  [L.  antispastus,  Gr.  (Pros.)  A foot of four
   syllables,  the  first and fourth short, and the second and third long
   (#).

                                  Antispastic

   An`ti*spas"tic (#), a. [Gr. Antispast.] (Med.) (a) Believed to cause a
   revulsion  of fluids or of humors from one part to another. [Obs.] (b)
   Counteracting spasms; antispasmodic. -- n. An antispastic agent.

                                 Antisplenetic

   An`ti*splen"e*tic  (Splenetic,  277),  a.  Good  as  a  remedy against
   disease of the spleen. -- n. An antisplenetic medicine.

                                  Antistrophe

   An*tis"tro*phe (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. Strophe.]

   1.  In Greek choruses and dances, the returning of the chorus, exactly
   answering to a previous strophe or movement from right to left. Hence:
   The lines of this part of the choral song.

     It  was  customary,  on  some  occasions, to dance round the altars
     whilst they sang the sacred hymns, which consisted of three stanzas
     or  parts;  the first of which, called strophe, was sung in turning
     from  east to west; the other, named antistrophe, in returning from
     west to east; then they stood before the altar, and sang the epode,
     which was the last part of the song. Abp. Potter.

   2.  (Rhet.)  (a)  The repetition of words in an inverse order; as, the
   master of the servant and the servant of the master. (b) The retort or
   turning of an adversary's plea against him.

                                 Antistrophic

   An`ti*stroph"ic (#), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to an antistrophe.

                                 Antistrophon

   An*tis"tro*phon  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Rhet.)  An  argument  retorted on an
   opponent. Milton.

                                 Antistrumatic

   An`ti*stru"mat"ic  (#),  a.  (Med.) Antistrumous. -- n. A medicine for
   scrofula.

                                 Antistrumous

   An`ti*stru"mous  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Good  against scrofulous disorders.
   Johnson. Wiseman.

                                Antisyphilitic

   An`ti*syph`i*lit"ic (#), a. (Med.) Efficacious against syphilis. -- n.
   A medicine for syphilis.

                                  Antitheism

   An`ti*the"ism (#), n. The doctrine of antitheists. -- An`ti*the*is"tic
   (#), a.

                                  Antitheist

   An`ti*the"ist, n. A disbeliever in the existence of God.

                                  Antithesis

   An*tith"e*sis (#), n.; pl. Antitheses. (#) [L., fr. Gr. Thesis.]

   1.  (Rhet.) An opposition or contrast of words or sentiments occurring
   in  the same sentence; as, "The prodigal robs his heir; the miser robs
   himself."  "He  had  covertly shot at Cromwell; he how openly aimed at
   the Queen."

   2. The second of two clauses forming an antithesis.

   3. Opposition; contrast.

                                   Antithet

   An"ti*thet (#), n. [L. antitheton, fr. Gr. An antithetic or contrasted
   statement. Bacon.

                           Antithetic, Antithetical

   An`ti*thet"ic   (#),  An`ti*thet"ic*al  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Pertaining  to
   antithesis,  or  opposition of words and sentiments; containing, or of
   the nature of, antithesis; contrasted.

                                Antithetically

   An`ti*thet"ic*al*ly, adv. By way antithesis.

                             Antitoxin, Antitoxine

   An`ti*tox"in, An`ti*tox"ine (#), n. [Pref. anti- + toxin.] A substance
   (sometimes  the  product  of  a  specific micro-organism and sometimes
   naturally  present  in  the blood or tissues of an animal), capable of
   producing  immunity  from  certain  diseases,  or of counteracting the
   poisonous effects of pathogenic bacteria.

                                  Anti-trade

   An"ti-trade`  (#),  n. A tropical wind blowing steadily in a direction
   opposite to the trade wind.

                                  Antitragus

   An*tit"ra*gus  (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) A prominence on the lower
   posterior  portion  of  the  concha  of the external ear, opposite the
   tragus. See Ear.

                                Antitrochanter

   An`ti*tro*chan"ter  (#),  n. (Anat.) An articular surface on the ilium
   of birds against which the great trochanter of the femur plays.

                            Antitropal, Antitropous

   An*tit"ro*pal (#), An*tit"ro*pous (#), a. [Pref. anti- + Gr. (Bot.) At
   the  extremity  most remote from the hilum, as the embryo, or inverted
   with respect to the seed, as the radicle. Lindley.

                                   Antitypal

   An"ti*ty`pal (#), a. Antitypical. [R.]

                                   Antitype

   An"ti*type  (#),  n.  [Gr.  Type.]  That  of which the type pattern or
   representation; that which is represented by the type or symbol.

                                  Antitypical

   An`ti*typ"ic*al  (#),  a.  Of or pertaining to an antitype; explaining
   the type. -- An`ti*typ"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                  Antitypous

   An*tit"y*pous (#), a. [Gr. Resisting blows; hard. [Obs.] Cudworth.

                                   Antitypy

   An*tit"y*py  (#), n. [Gr. Opposition or resistance of matter to force.
   [R.] Sir W. Hamilton.

                                Antivaccination

   An`ti*vac`ci*na"tion (#), n. Opposition to vaccination. London Times.

                              Antivaccinationist

   An`ti*vac`ci*na"tion*ist, n. An antivaccinist.

                                 Antivaccinist

   An`ti*vac"ci*nist, n. One opposed to vaccination.

                                 Antivariolous

   An`ti*va*ri"o*lous (#), a. Preventing the contagion of smallpox.

                                 Antivenereal

   An`ti*ve*ne"re*al    (#),    a.    Good   against   venereal   poison;
   antisyphilitic.

                                Antivivisection

   An`ti*viv`i*sec"tion (#), n. Opposition to vivisection.

                              Antivivisectionist

   An`ti*viv`i*sec"tion*ist, n. One opposed to vivisection

                                   Antizymic

   An`ti*zym"ic (#), a. Preventing fermentation.

                                  Antizymotic

   An`ti*zy*mot"ic    (#),   a.   (Med.)   Preventing   fermentation   or
   decomposition. -- n. An agent so used.

                                    Antler

   Ant"ler (#), n. [OE. auntelere, OF. antoillier, andoiller, endouiller,
   fr.  F. andouiller, fr. an assumed LL. antocularis, fr. L. ante before
   +  oculus  eye. See Ocular.] (Zo\'94l.) The entire horn, or any branch
   of the horn, of a cervine animal, as of a stag.

     Huge stags with sixteen antlers. Macaulay.

     NOTE: &hand; The branch next to the head is called the brow antler,
     and  the branch next above, the bez antler, or bay antler. The main
     stem  is the beam, and the branches are often called tynes. Antlers
     are  deciduous  bony  (not  horny)  growths, and are covered with a
     periosteum while growing. See Velvet.

   Antler  moth  (Zo\'94l.),  a  destructive  European  moth  (Cerapteryx
   graminis), which devastates grass lands.

                                   Antlered

   Ant"lered (#), a. Furnished with antlers.

     The antlered stag. Cowper.

                                    Antlia

   Ant"li*a  (#),  n.; pl. Antil\'91 (#). [L., a pump, Gr, (Zo\'94l.) The
   spiral tubular proboscis of lepidopterous insects. See Lepidoptera.

                                   Ant-lion

   Ant"-li`on  (#),  n.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  neuropterous insect, the larva of
   which  makes  in  the  sand a pitfall to capture ants, etc. The common
   American   species   is   Myrmeleon  obsoletus,  the  European  is  M.
   formicarius.

                            Ant\'d2ci, Ant\'d2cians

   An*t\'d2"ci (#), An*t\'d2"*cians (#), n. pl. [NL. antoeci, fr. Gr. pl.
   Those  who  live under the same meridian, but on opposite parallels of
   latitude, north and south of the equator.

                                  Antonomasia

   An`to*no*ma"si*a  (?;  277),  n.  [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) The use of some
   epithet  or  the name of some office, dignity, or the like, instead of
   the proper name of the person; as when his majesty is used for a king,
   or   when,   instead  of  Aristotle,  we  say,  the  philosopher;  or,
   conversely,  the  use  of  a proper name instead of an appellative, as
   when a wise man is called a Solomon, or an eminent orator a Cicero.

                                 Antonomastic

   An`to*no*mas"tic   (#),   a.   Pertaining  to,  or  characterized  by,
   antonomasia. -- An`to*no*mas"tic*al*ly (#), adv.

                                  Antonomasy

   An*ton"o*ma*sy (#), n. Antonomasia.

                                    Antonym

   An"to*nym  (#),  n. [Gr. A word of opposite meaning; a counterterm; --
   used as a correlative of synonym. [R.] C. J. Smith.

                                  Antorbital

   Ant*or"bit*al  (#), a. [Pref. anti- + orbital.] (Anat.) Pertaining to,
   or  situated  in,  the  region  of  the  front of the orbit. -- n. The
   antorbital bone.

                                  Antorgastic

   Ant`or*gas"tic (#), a. See Antiorgastic.

                                   Antozone

   Ant*o"zone  (#), n. [Pref. anti- + ozone.] (Chem.) A compound formerly
   supposed  to  be  modification of oxygen, but now known to be hydrogen
   dioxide;  --  so  called  because  apparently  antagonistic  to ozone,
   converting it into ordinary oxygen.

                                    Antral

   An"tral (#), a. (Anat.) Relating to an antrum.

                                     Antre

   An"tre (#), n. [F. antre, L. antrum, fr. Gr. A cavern. [Obs.] Shak.

                                   Antrorse

   An*trorse" (#), a. [From L. ante + versun turned; apparently formed in
   imitation of re.] (Bot.) Forward or upward in direction. Gray.

                                   Antrovert

   An`tro*vert" (#), v. t. To bend forward. [R.] Owen.

                                    Antrum

   An"trum  (#), n.; pl. Antra (#). [L., fr. Gr. A cavern or cavity, esp.
   an anatomical cavity or sinus. Huxley.

                                  Antrustion

   An*trus"tion  (#),  n.  [F., fr. LL. antrustio.] A vassal or voluntary
   follower of Frankish princes in their enterprises.

                                  Ant thrush

   Ant"  thrush`  (#).  (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of several species of tropical
   birds,  of  the Old World, of the genus Pitta, somewhat resembling the
   thrushes, and feeding chiefly on ants. (b) See Ant bird, under Ant.

                                   'd8Anubis

   'd8A*nu"bis  (#),  n. [L.] (Myth.) An Egyptian deity, the conductor of
   departed spirits, represented by a human figure with the head of a dog
   or fox.

                                     Anura

   A*nu"ra  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the orders of
   amphibians  characterized  by  the absence of a tail, as the frogs and
   toads. [Written also anoura.]

                                    Anurous

   A*nu"rous  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.)  Destitute of a tail, as the frogs and
   toads. [Also written anourous.]

                                     Anury

   An"u*ry  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Med.) Nonsecretion or defective secretion of
   urine; ischury.

                                     Anus

   A"nus  (#),  n.  [L.,  prob.  for  asnus:  cf. Gr. \'bes.] (Anat.) The
   posterior   opening   of  the  alimentary  canal,  through  which  the
   excrements are expelled.

                                     Anvil

   An"vil  (#),  n.  [OE. anvelt, anfelt, anefelt, AS. anfilt, onfilt; of
   uncertain origin; cf. OHG. anafalz, D. aanbeld.]

   1.  An  iron  block,  usually with a steel face, upon which metals are
   hammered and shaped.

   2. Anything resembling an anvil in shape or use. Specifically (Anat.),
   the incus. See Incus.
   To  be  on  the  anvil,  to be in a state of discussion, formation, or
   preparation,  as when a scheme or measure is forming, but not matured.
   Swift.

                                     Anvil

   An"vil, v. t. To form or shape on an anvil; to hammer out; as, anviled
   armor. Beau. & Fl.

                                   Anxietude

   Anx*i"e*tude  (#),  n.  [L.  anxietudo.]  The  state of being anxious;
   anxiety. [R.]

                                    Anxiety

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Anx*i"e*ty (#), n.;
   pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See
   Anxious.]<-- p. 67 -->

   1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o

   2. Eager desire. J. D. Forbes

   3.  (Med.)  A  state of restlessness and agitation, often with general
   indisposition   and   a   distressing   sense  of  oppression  at  the
   epigastrium.   Dunglison.   Syn.   --  Care;  solicitude;  foreboding;
   uneasiness;  perplexity; disquietude; disquiet; trouble; apprehension;
   restlessness. See Care.

                                    Anxious

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Anx"ious (#), a. [L.
   anxius, fr. angere to cause pain, choke; akin to Gr. Anger.]

   1.  Full  of  anxiety or disquietude; greatly concerned or solicitous,
   esp.  respecting  future  or  unknown;  being  in painful suspense; --
   applied to persons; as, anxious for the issue of a battle.

   2.  Accompanied  with,  or  causing,  anxiety; worrying; -- applied to
   things; as, anxious labor.

     The  sweet  of  life,  from  which  God  hath bid dwell far off all
     anxious cares. Milton.

   3. Earnestly desirous; as, anxious to please.

     He  sneers  alike at those who are anxious to preserve and at those
     who are eager for reform. Macaulay.

     NOTE: Anxious is  fo llowed by for, about, concerning, etc., before
     the  object  of  solicitude.  Syn.  -- Solicitous; careful; uneasy;
     unquiet; restless; concerned; disturbed; watchful.
     
                                   Anxiously
                                       
     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67 

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Anx"ious*ly, adv.
     In an anxious manner; with painful uncertainty; solicitously.

                                  Anxiousness

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Anx"ious*ness, n.
     The quality of being anxious; great solicitude; anxiety.

                                      Any

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or  solicitude respecting some thing o> A"ny (#), a. &
     pron.  [OE.  \'91ni,  \'91ni, eni, ani, oni, AS. \'d6nig, fr. \'ben
     one. It is akin to OS. \'c7nig, OHG. einic, G. einig, D. eenig. See
     One.]

     1.   One   indifferently,   out   of   an  indefinite  number;  one
     indefinitely, whosoever or whatsoever it may be.

     NOTE: &hand; An y is  of ten us ed in  denying or asserting without
     limitation; as, this thing ought not be done at any time; I ask any
     one to answer my question.

     No man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any man the
     Father, save the Son. Matt. xi. 27.

   2.  Some,  of  whatever  kind,  quantity, or number; as, are there any
   witnesses  present? are there any other houses like it? "Who will show
   us any good?" Ps. iv. 6.

     NOTE: It is  often used, either in the singular or the plural, as a
     pronoun,  the  person  or  thing being understood; anybody; anyone;
     (pl.) any persons.

     If  any  of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, . . . and it shall
     be given him. Jas. i. 5.

     That  if  he found any of this way, whether they were men or women,
     he might bring them bound unto Jerusalem. Acts ix. 2.

   At  any  rate,  In  any  case,  whatever  may be the state of affairs;
   anyhow.

                                      Any

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern  or  solicitude respecting some thing o> A"ny, adv. To any
   extent; in any degree; at all.

     You are not to go loose any longer. Shak.

     Before you go any farther. Steele.

                                    Anybody

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A"ny*bod*y (#), n.

   1. Any one out of an indefinite number of persons; anyone; any person.

     His Majesty could not keep any secret from anybody. Macaulay.

   2. A person of consideration or standing. [Colloq.]

     All  the men belonged exclusively to the mechanical and shopkeeping
     classes,  and there was not a single banker or anybody in the list.
     Lond. Sat. Rev.

                                    Anyhow

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A"ny*how` (#), adv.
   In any way or manner whatever; at any rate; in any event.

     Anyhow,  it  must be acknowledged to be not a simple selforiginated
     error. J. H. Newman.

     Anyhow, the languages of the two nations were closely allied. E. A.
     Freeman.

                                    Anyone

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A"ny*one (#), n. One
   taken at random rather than by selection; anybody.

     NOTE: [Commonly written as two words.]

                                   Anything

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A"ny*thing (#), n.

   1. Any object, act, state, event, or fact whatever; thing of any kind;
   something or other; aught; as, I would not do it for anything.

     Did you ever know of anything so unlucky? A. Trollope.

     They do not know that anything is amiss with them. W. G. Sumner.

   2.  Expressing  an indefinite comparison; -- with as or like. [Colloq.
   or Lowx]

     I fear your girl will grow as proud as anything. Richardson.

     NOTE: &hand; An y thing, written as two words, is now commonly used
     in contradistinction to any person or anybody. Formerly it was also
     separated  when  used  in the wider sense. "Necessity drove them to
     undertake any thing and venture any thing."

   De  Foe. Anything but, not at all or in any respect. "The battle was a
   rare one, and the victory anything but secure." Hawthorne. -- Anything
   like,  in any respect; at all; as, I can not give anything like a fair
   sketch of his trials.

                                   Anything

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A"ny*thing, adv. In
   any measure; anywise; at all.

     Mine  old  good  will and hearty affection towards you is not . . .
     anything at all quailed. Robynson (More's Utopia).

                                 Anythingarian

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> A`ny*thing*a"ri*an
   (#), n. One who holds to no particular creed or dogma.

                                Anyway, Anyways

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern  or  solicitude  respecting  some  thing  o> A"ny*way (#),
   A"ny*ways (#), adv. Anywise; at all. Tennyson. Southey.

                                   Anywhere

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A"ny*where (#), adv.
   In any place. Udall.

                                  Anywhither

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> A"ny*whith`er (#),
   adv. To or towards any place. [Archaic] De Foe.

                                    Anywise

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A"ny*wise (#), adv.
   In any wise or way; at all. "Anywise essential." Burke.

                                    Aonian

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern  or  solicitude respecting some thing o> A*o"ni*an (#), a.
   [From  Aonia,  a  part  of B&oe;otia, in Greece.] Pertaining to Aonia,
   B&oe;otia, or to the Muses, who were supposed to dwell there.
   Aonian  fount, the fountain of Aganippe, at the foot of Mount Helicon,
   not far from Thebes, and sacred to the Muses.

                                    Aorist

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern  or  solicitude  respecting some thing o> A"o*rist (#), n.
   [Gr.  (Gram.) A tense in the Greek language, which expresses an action
   as  completed  in  past time, but leaves it, in other respects, wholly
   indeterminate.

                                   Aoristic

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A`o*ris"tic (#), a.
   [Gr. Indefinite; pertaining to the aorist tense.

                                     Aorta

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern  or  solicitude  respecting  some thing o> A*or"ta (#), n.
   [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Anat.) The great artery which carries the blood from
   the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs; the main trunk of
   the arterial system.

     NOTE: &hand; In   fi shes an d th e ea rly st ages of  al l hi gher
     vertebrates the aorta divides near its origin into several branches
     (the  aortic arches) which pass in pairs round the \'d2sophagus and
     unite to form the systemic aorta. One or more pairs of these arches
     persist  in  amphibia  and reptiles, but only one arch in birds and
     mammals,  this  being  on  the right side in the former, and on the
     left in the latter.

   <-- Illustration: heart and aorta -->

                                    Aortic

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*or"tic (#), a. Of
   or pertaining to the aorta.

                                   Aortitis

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A`or*ti"tis (#), n.
   [Aorta + -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the aorta.

                                    Aoudad

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern  or  solicitude  respecting some thing o> A"ou*dad (#), n.
   [The  Moorish  name.]  (Zo\'94l.)  An African sheeplike quadruped (the
   Ammotragus  tragelaphus)  having  a  long  mane on the breast and fore
   legs. It is, perhaps, the chamois of the Old Testament.

                                     Apace

   Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.; pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius: cf.
   F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

   1.  Concern  or  solicitude respecting some thing o> A*pace" (#), adv.
   [Pref.  a- + pace. OE. a pas at a walk, in which a is the article. See
   Pace.] With a quick pace; quick; fast; speedily.

     His dewy locks did drop with brine apace. Spenser.

     A visible triumph of the gospel drawapace. I. Taylor.

                                    Apaches

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*pa"ches (#), n.
     pl.;  sing. Apache (#). (Ethnol.) A group of nomadic North American
     Indians  including  several  tribes  native of Arizona, New Mexico,
     etc.

                                    Apagoge

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap`a*go"ge (#),
     n.  [Gr.  (Logic)  An  indirect  argument  which  proves a thing by
     showing the impossibility or absurdity of the contrary.

                             Apagogic, Apagogical

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap`a*gog"ic (#),
     Ap`a*gog"ic*al   (#),   a.   Proving  indirectly,  by  showing  the
     absurdity, or impossibility of the contrary. Bp. Berkeley.

                                     Apaid

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*paid" (#), a.
     Paid; pleased. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Apair

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*pair" (#), v.
     t. & i. To impair or become impaired; to injure. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Apalachian

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap`a*la"chi*an,
     a. See Appalachian.

                                    Apanage

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or  solicitude  respecting some thing o> Ap"an*age, n.
     Same as Appanage.

                                  Apanthropy

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or  solicitude  respecting some thing o> A*pan"thro*py
     (#), n. [Gr. An aversion to the company of men; a love of solitude.

                                  Apar, Apara

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or  solicitude  respecting  some  thing  o> A"par (#),
     A"pa*ra (#), n. [Native name apara.] (Zo\'94l.) See Mataco.

                                    Aparejo

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> A`pa*re"jo (#),
     n.  [Sp.]  A  kind  of  pack  saddle  used in the American military
     service  and  among  the  Spanish  Americans. It is made of leather
     stuffed with hay, moss, or the like.

                                 Aparithmesis

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap`a*rith"me*sis
     (?; 277), n. [Gr. (Rhet.) Enumeration of parts or particulars.

                                     Apart

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*part" (#), adv.
     [F. \'85 part; (L. ad) + part part. See Part.]

     1.  Separately,  in  regard  to  space  or  company;  in a state of
     separation as to place; aside.

     Others apart sat on a hill retired. Milton.

     The Lord hath set apart him that is godly for himself. Ps. iv. 3.

     2. In a state of separation, of exclusion, or of distinction, as to
     purpose,  use, or character, or as a matter of thought; separately;
     independently; as, consider the two propositions apart.

     3. Aside; away. "Wherefore lay apart all filthiness and superfluity
     of naughtiness." Jas. i. 21.

     Let Pleasure go, put Care apart. Keble.

     4.  In two or more parts; asunder; to piece; as, to take a piece of
     machinery apart.

                                   Apartment

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*part"ment (#),
     n.   [F.  appartement;  cf.  It.  appartamento,  fr.  appartare  to
     separate,  set  apart;  all  fr.  L.  ad  + pars, partis, part. See
     Apart.]

     1.  A  room  in  a  building; a division in a house, separated from
     others by partitions. Fielding.

     2. A set or suite of rooms. De Quincey.

     3. A compartment. [Obs.] Pope.

                                   Apartness

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*part"ness (#),
     n. The quality of standing apart.

                                   Apastron

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap*as"tron (#),
     n.  [Gr.  (Astron.)  That point in the orbit of a double star where
     the smaller star is farthest from its primary.

                            Apathetic, Apathetical

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap`a*thet"ic (#),
     Ap`a*thet"ic*al   (#)   a.  [See  Apathy.]  Void  of  feeling;  not
     susceptible of deep emotion; passionless; indifferent.

                                 Apathetically

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.    Concern    or    solicitude    respecting   some   thing   o>
     Ap`a*thet"ic*al*ly, adv. In an apathetic manner.

                                   Apathist

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap"a*thist (#),
     n. [Cf. F. apathiste.] One who is destitute of feeling.

                                 Apathistical

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap`a*this"tic*al
     (#), a. Apathetic; une motional. [R.]

                                    Apathy

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap"a*thy (#), n.;
     pl.  Apathies  (#).  [L. apathia, Gr. apathie. See Pathos.] Want of
     feeling;  privation of passion, emotion, or excitement; dispassion;
     --  applied either to the body or the mind. As applied to the mind,
     it is a calmness, indolence, or state of indifference, incapable of
     being ruffled or roused to active interest or exertion by pleasure,
     pain, or passion. "The apathy of despair." Macaulay.

     A  certain apathy or sluggishness in his nature which led him . . .
     to leave events to take their own course. Prescott.

     According  to  the  Stoics,  apathy  meant  the  extinction  of the
     passions by the ascendency of reason. Fleming.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th e fi rst ag es of  th e ch urch, the Christians
     adopted the term to express a contempt of earthly concerns.

     Syn.  --  Insensibility;  unfeelingness;  indifference;  unconcern;
     stoicism; supineness; sluggishness.

                                    Apatite

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap"a*tite (#), n.
     [Gr.   (Min.)  Native  phosphate  of  lime,  occurring  usually  in
     six-sided   prisms,   color   often   pale  green,  transparent  or
     translucent.

                                   Apaum\'82

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A`pau`m\'82" (#),
     n. See Appaum.

                                      Ape

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ape (#), n. [AS.
     apa;  akin  to D. aap, OHG. affo, G. affe, Icel. api, Sw. apa, Dan.
     abe, W. epa.]

     1. (Zo\'94l.) A quadrumanous mammal, esp. of the family Simiad\'91,
     having teeth of the same number and form as in man, having teeth of
     the  same  number and form as in man, and possessing neither a tail
     nor cheek pouches. The name is applied esp. to species of the genus
     Hylobates,  and  is  sometimes  used  as  a  general  term  for all
     Quadrumana.  The higher forms, the gorilla, chimpanzee, and ourang,
     are often called anthropoid apes or man apes.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e ape of the Old Testament was prqobably the rhesus
     monkey of India, and allied forms.

     2.  One  who  imitates servilely (in allusion to the manners of the
     ape); a mimic. Byron.

     3. A dupe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                      Ape

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ape, v. t. [imp.
     &  p. p. Aped; p. pr. & vb. n. Aping.] To mimic, as an ape imitates
     human actions; to imitate or follow servilely or irrationally. "How
     he apes his sire." Addison.

     The  people  of  England  will not ape the fashions they have never
     tried. Burke.

                                     Apeak

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*peak" (#), adv.
     &  a.  [Pref.  a- + peak. Cf. F. \'85 pic vertically.] (Naut.) In a
     vertical  line.  The  anchor  in  apeak,  when  the  cable has been
     sufficiently  hove  in  to  bring the ship over it, and the ship is
     them said to be hove apeak. [Spelt also apeek.]

                                    Apehood

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ape"hood (#), n.
     The state of being an ape.

                                   Apellous

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*pel"lous (#),
     a. [Pref. a- not + L. pellis skin.] Destitute of skin. Brande & C.

                                   Apennine

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap"en*nine (#),
     a.  [L.  Apenninus,  fr.  Celtic  pen, or ben, peak, mountain.] Of,
     pertaining  to, or designating, the Apennines, a chain of mountains
     extending through Italy.

                                    Apepsy

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*pep"sy (#), n.
     [NL.  apepsia,  fr.  Gr.  (Med.)  Defective digestion, indigestion.
     Coxe.

                                     Aper

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap"er (#), n. One
     who apes.

                                    Aperea

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*pe"re*a (#), n.
     [Native  name.]  (Zo\'94l.)  The  wild  Guinea pig of Brazil (Cavia
     aperea).

                                   Aperient

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*pe"ri*ent (#),
     a.  [L.  aperiens, p. pr. of aperire to uncover, open; ab + parire,
     parere,  to  bring forth, produce. Cf. Cover, Overt.] (Med.) Gently
     opening  the  bowels; laxative. -- n. An aperient medicine or food.
     Arbuthnot.

                                   Aperitive

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*per"i*tive (#),
     a. [Cf. F. ap\'82ritif, fr. L. aperire.] Serving to open; aperient.
     Harvey.

                                     Apert

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*pert" (#), a.
     [OF.  apert,  L.  apertus,  p. p. of aperire. See Aperient, and cf.
     Pert, a.] Open; ev [Archaic] Fotherby.

                                     Apert

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or  solicitude  respecting some thing o> A*pert", adv.
     Openly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Apertion

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*per"tion (#),
     n.  [L.  apertio.]  The  act  of  opening; an opening; an aperture.
     [Archaic] Wiseman.

                                    Apertly

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*pert"ly, adv.
     Openly; clearly. [Archaic]

                                   Apertness

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or solicitude respecting some thing o> A*pert"ness, n.
     Openness; frankness. [Archaic]

                                   Aperture

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern  or  solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap"er*ture (?;
     135), n. [L. apertura, fr. aperire. See Aperient.]

     1. The act of opening. [Obs.]

     2.  An  opening;  an  open space; a gap, cleft, or chasm; a passage
     perforated; a hole; as, an aperture in a wall.

     An aperture between the mountains. Gilpin.

     The back aperture of the nostrils. Owen.

     3. (Opt.) The diameter of the exposed part of the object glass of a
     telescope or other optical instrument; as, a telescope of four-inch
     aperture.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e ap erture of  mi croscopes is  often expressed in
     degrees,  called  also  the  angular  aperture, which signifies the
     angular  breadth  of  the  pencil  of  light  which  the instrument
     transmits from the object or point viewed; as, a microscope of 100°
     aperture.

                                     Apery

     Anx*i"e*ty  (#),  n.;  pl. Anxieties (#). [L. anxietas, fr. anxius:
     cf. F. anxi\'82t\'82. See Anxious.]67

     1.  Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o> Ap"er*y (#), n.;
     pl. Aperies.

     1. A place where apes are kept. [R.] Kingsley.

     2. The practice of aping; an apish action. Coleridge. <-- p. 68 -->

                                   Apetalous

     A*pet"al*ous  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not  + petal.] (Bot.) Having no
     petals, or flower leaves. [See Illust. under Anther].

                                 Apetalousness

     A*pet"al*ous*ness, n. The state of being apetalous.

                                     Apex

     A"pex (#), n.; pl. E. Apexes (#); L. Apices (#). [L.]

     1. The tip, top, point, or angular summit of anything; as, the apex
     of a mountain, spire, or cone; the apex, or tip, of a leaf.

     2. (Mining) The end or edge of a vein nearest the surface. [U.S.]

   Apex of the earth's motion (Astron.), that point of the heavens toward
   which the earth is moving in its orbit.

                                 Aph\'91resis

   A*ph\'91r"e*sis (?; 277), n. [L.] Same as Apheresis.

                                    Aphakia

   A*pha"ki*a  (#),  n. [NL.; Gr. (Med.) An anomalous state of refraction
   caused by the absence of the crystalline lens, as after operations for
   cataract. The remedy is the use of powerful convex lenses. Dunglison.

                                   Aphakial

   A*pha"ki*al (#), a. (Med.) Pertaining to aphakia; as, aphakial eyes.

                                  Aphaniptera

   Aph`a*nip"te*ra  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   wingless insects, of which the flea in the type. See Flea.

                                 Aphanipterous

   Aph`a*nip"ter*ous   (#),   a.  (Zo\'94l.)  Of  or  pertaining  to  the
   Aphaniptera.

                                   Aphanite

   Aph"a*nite (#), n. [Gr. (Min.) A very compact, dark-colored

                                   Aphanitic

   Aph`a*nit"ic  (#),  a.  (Min.)  Resembling  aphanite;  having  a  very
   fine-grained structure.

                                Aphasia, Aphasy

   A*pha"si*a  (#),  Aph"a*sy  (#), n. [NL. aphasia, Gr. aphasie.] (Med.)
   Loss  of  the power of speech, or of the appropriate use of words, the
   vocal  organs  remaining intact, and the intelligence being preserved.
   It is dependent on injury or disease of the brain.

                                    Aphasic

   A*pha"sic (#), a. Pertaining to, or affected by, aphasia; speechless.

                                   Aphelion

   A*phel"ion (?; 277), n.; pl. Aphelia (#). [Gr. (Astron.) That point of
   a  planet's  or  comet's orbit which is most distant from the sun, the
   opposite point being the perihelion.

                                 Apheliotropic

   A*phe`li*o*trop"ic  (#), a. [Gr. Turning away from the sun; -- said of
   leaves, etc. Darwin.

                                Apheliotropism

   A*phe`li*ot"ro*pism (#), n. The habit of bending from the sunlight; --
   said of certain plants.

                                    Aphemia

   A*phe"mi*a (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Loss of the power of speaking,
   while  retaining  the  power  of  writing;  --  a disorder of cerebral
   origin.

                                   Apheresis

   A*pher"e*sis (?; 277), n. [L. aphaeresis, Gr.

   1.  (Gram.) The dropping of a letter or syllable from the beginning of
   a word; e. g., cute for acute.

   2.  (Surg.) An operation by which any part is separated from the rest.
   [Obs.] Dunglison.

                                    Aphesis

   Aph"e*sis  (#),  n.  [Gr.  The loss of a short unaccented vowel at the
   beginning  of  a word; -- the result of a phonetic process; as, squire
   for esquire. New Eng. Dict.

                                    Aphetic

   A*phet"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr. Shortened by dropping a letter or a syllable
   from  the  beginning  of  a  word;  as,  an  aphetic  word or form. --
   A*phet"ic*al*ly, adv. New Eng. Dict.

                                   Aphetism

   Aph"e*tism (#), n. An aphetized form of a word. New Eng. Dict.

                                   Aphetize

   Aph"e*tize (#), v. t. To shorten by aphesis.

     These words . . . have been aphetized. New Eng. Dict.

                                     Aphid

   A"phid (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the genus Aphis; an aphidian.

                                    Aphides

   Aph"i*des (#), n. pl. (Zo\'94l.) See Aphis.

                                   Aphidian

   A*phid"i*an  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.)  Of  or  pertaining  to  the  family
   Aphid\'91. -- n. One of the aphides; an aphid.

                                 Aphidivorous

   Aph`i*div"o*rous  (#).  [Aphis  +  L.  vorare  to  devour.] (Zo\'94l.)
   Devouring aphides; aphidophagous.

                                 Aphidophagous

   Aph`i*doph"a*gous  (#),  a.  [Aphis  +  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  Feeding  upon
   aphides, or plant lice, as do beetles of the family Coccinellid\'91.

                                 Aphilanthropy

   Aph`i*lan"thro*py  (#),  n.  [Gr.  Want  of  love  to  mankind; -- the
   opposite of philanthropy. Coxe.

                                     Aphis

   A"phis  (#),  n.; pl. Aphides (#). [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of insects
   belonging  to  the  order  Hemiptera  and  family Aphid\'91, including
   numerous species known as plant lice and green flies.

     NOTE: &hand; Besides the true males and females, there is a race of
     wingless  asexual  individuals  which  have  the power of producing
     living  young  in  rapid  succession, and these in turn may produce
     others  of  the  same  kind  for several generations, before sexual
     individuals  appear.  They  suck  the  sap  of plants by means of a
     tubular  proboscis,  and  owing  to the wonderful rapidity of their
     reproduction  become  very  destructive  to vegetation. Many of the
     Aphid\'91 excrete honeydew from two tubes near the end of the body.

                                  Aphis lion

   A"phis  li"on  (#).  (Zo\'94l.)  The  larva  of  the  lacewinged flies
   (Chrysopa),  which  feeds  voraciously  upon  aphids. The name is also
   applied to the larv\'91 of the ladybugs (Coccinella).

                                  Aphlogistic

   Aph`lo*gis"*tic  (#),  a.  [Gr. Flameless; as, an aphlogistic lamp, in
   which  a  coil  of  wire  is  kept in a state of continued ignition by
   alcohol, without flame.

                                Aphonia, Aphony

   A*pho"ni*a  (#),  Aph"o*ny  (#), n. [NL. aphonia, Gr. aphonie.] (Med.)
   Loss of voice or vocal utterance.

                               Aphonic, Aphonous

   A*phon"ic (#), Aph"o*nous (#), a. Without voice; voiceless; nonvocal.

                                   Aphorism

   Aph"o*rism  (#),  n.  [F. aphorisme, fr. Gr. Horizon.] A comprehensive
   maxim  or  principle  expressed  in  a  few  words;  a sharply defined
   sentence relating to abstract truth rather than to practical matters.

     The  first  aphorism of Hippocrates is, "Life is short, and the art
     is long." Fleming.

   Syn.  --  Axiom; maxim; adage; proverb; apothegm; saying; saw; truism;
   dictum. See Axiom.

                           Aphorismatic, Aphorismic

   Aph`o*ris*mat"ic  (#),  Aph`o*ris"mic (#), a. Pertaining to aphorisms,
   or having the form of an aphorism.

                                  Aphorismer

   Aph`o*ris"mer  (#)  n.  A  dealer in aphorisms. [Used in derogation or
   contempt.] Milton.

                                   Aphorist

   Aph"o*rist, n. A writer or utterer of aphorisms.

                           Aphoristic, Aphoristical

   Aph`o*ris"tic (#), Aph`o*ris"tic*al (#), a. [Gr. In the form of, or of
   the  nature  of,  an  aphorism;  in  the  form  of  short, unconnected
   sentences; as, an aphoristic style.

     The method of the book is aphoristic. De Quincey.

                                Aphoristically

   Aph`o*ris"tic*al*ly, adv. In the form or manner of aphorisms; pithily.

                                   Aphorize

   Aph"o*rize (#), v. i. To make aphorisms.

                                    Aphrite

   Aph"rite (#), n. (Min.) See under Calcite.

                          Aphrodisiac, Aphrodisiacal

   Aph`ro*dis"i*ac  (#),  Aph`ro*di*si"a*cal  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Aphrodite.]
   Exciting venereal desire; provocative to venery.

                                  Aphrodisiac

   Aph`ro*dis"i*ac,  n.  That  which  (as  a drug, or some kinds of food)
   excites to venery.

                                  Aphrodisian

   Aph`ro*dis"i*an  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Pertaining  to  Aphrodite  or  Venus.
   "Aphrodisian dames" [that is, courtesans]. C. Reade.

                                   Aphrodite

   Aph`ro*di"te (#), n. [Gr.

   1.  (Classic  Myth.)  The  Greek goddess of love, corresponding to the
   Venus of the Romans.

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  large  marine annelid, covered with long, lustrous,
   golden, hairlike set\'91; the sea mouse.

   3. (Zo\'94l.) A beautiful butterfly (Argunnis Aphrodite) of the United
   States.

                                  Aphroditic

   Aph`ro*dit"ic (#), a. Venereal. [R.] Dunglison.

                                    Aphtha

   Aph"tha  (#),  n.  [Sing. of Aphth\'91.] (Med.) (a) One of the whitish
   specks called aphth\'91. (b) The disease, also called thrush.

                                   Aphth\'91

   Aph"th\'91  (#),  n.  pl.  [L.,  fr. Gr. (Med.) Roundish pearl-colored
   specks or flakes in the mouth, on the lips, etc., terminating in white
   sloughs. They are commonly characteristic of thrush.

                                   Aphthoid

   Aph"thoid,  a. [Aphtha + -oid.] Of the nature of aphth\'91; resembling
   thrush.

                                   Aphthong

   Aph"thong  (?;  277),  n.  [Gr. A letter, or a combination of letters,
   employed in spelling a word, but in the pronunciation having no sound.
   -- Aph*thon"gal (#), a.

                                   Aphthous

   Aph"thous  (#)  a.  [Cf.  F.  aphtheux.]  Pertaining to, or caused by,
   aphth\'91;  characterized  by  apht\'91; as, aphthous ulcers; aphthous
   fever.

                                   Aphyllous

   Aph"yl*lous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  Destitute of leaves, as the broom
   rape, certain euphorbiaceous plants, etc.

                                   Apiaceous

   A`pi*a"ceous (#), a. (Bot.) Umbelliferous.

                                     Apian

   A"pi*an (#), a. Belonging to bees.

                                   Apiarian

   A`pi*a"ri*an (#), a. Of or relating to bees.

                                   Apiarist

   A"pi*a*rist (#), n. One who keeps an apiary.

                                    Apiary

   A"pi*a*ry  (#), n. [L. apiarium, fr. apis bee.] A place where bees are
   kept; a stand or shed for bees; a beehouse.

                                    Apical

   Ap"ic*al  (#), a. [L. apex, apicis, tip or summit.] At or belonging to
   an apex, tip, or summit. Gray.

                                    Apices

   Ap"i*ces (#), n. pl. See Apex.

                                    Apician

   A*pi"cian  (#),  a.  [L. Apicianus.] Belonging to Apicius, a notorious
   Roman  epicure;  hence  applied  to  whatever is peculiarly refined or
   dainty and expensive in cookery. H. Rogers.

                                   Apicular

   A*pic"u*lar,  a. [NL. apiculus, dim. of L. apex, apicis.] Situated at,
   or near, the apex; apical.

                             Apiculate, Apiculated

   A*pic"u*late  (#),  A*pic"u*la`ted  (#),  a.  [See  Apicular.]  (Bot.)
   Terminated abruptly by a small, distinct point, as a leaf.

                                  Apiculture

   Ap"i*cul`ture (?; 135), n. [L. apis bee + E. culture.] Rearing of bees
   for their honey and wax.

                                    Apiece

   A*piece"  (#),  adv. [Pref. a- + piece.] Each by itself; by the single
   one;  to  each; as the share of each; as, these melons cost a shilling
   apiece. "Fined . . . a thousand pounds apiece." Hume.

                                    Apieces

   A*pie"ces  (#),  adv.  In  pieces  or  to  pieces.  [Obs.] "Being torn
   apieces." Shak.

                                    Apiked

   A*pik"ed (#), a. Trimmed. [Obs.]

     Full fresh and new here gear apiked was. Chaucer.

                                     Apiol

   A"pi*ol  (#),  n.  [L.  apium  parsley  +  -ol.] (Med.) An oily liquid
   derived from parsley.

                                  Apiologist

   A`pi*ol"o*gist  (#), n. [L. apis bee + -logist (see -logy).] A student
   of bees. [R.] Emerson.

                                     Apis

   A"pis  (#),  n.  [L., bee.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of insects of the order
   Hymenoptera,  including the common honeybee (Apis mellifica) and other
   related species. See Honeybee.

                                     Apish

   Ap"ish  (#),  a. Having the qualities of an ape; prone to imitate in a
   servile   manner.   Hence:   Apelike;  fantastically  silly;  foppish;
   affected; trifling.

     The apish gallantry of a fantastic boy. Sir W. Scott.

                                    Apishly

   Ap"ish*ly, adv. In an apish manner; with servile imitation; foppishly.

                                   Apishness

   Ap"ish*ness, n. The quality of being apish; mimicry; foppery.

                                    Apitpat

   A*pit"pat,   adv.   [Pref.   a-  +  pitpat.]  With  quick  beating  or
   palpitation; pitapat. Congreve.

                                  Aplacental

   Ap`la*cen"tal,   a.   [Pref.   a-   +  placental.]  Belonging  to  the
   Aplacentata; without placenta.

                                  Aplacentata

   Ap`la*cen*ta"ta,  n. pl. [Pref. a- not + placenta.] (Zo\'94l.) Mammals
   which have no placenta.

                                  Aplacophora

   Ap`la*coph"o*ra  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of
   Amphineura  in  which the body is naked or covered with slender spines
   or set\'91, but is without shelly plates.

                                   Aplanatic

   Ap`la*nat"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Opt.) Having two or more parts of different
   curvatures,  so combined as to remove spherical aberration; -- said of
   a  lens.  Aplanatic  focus  of  a lens (Opt.), the point or focus from
   which  rays  diverging  pass the lens without spherical aberration. In
   certain  forms  of lenses there are two such foci; and it is by taking
   advantage  of  this  fact  that  the  best aplanatic object glasses of
   microscopes are constructed.

                                  Aplanatism

   A*plan"a*tism (#), n. Freedom from spherical aberration.

                                   Aplastic

   A*plas"tic  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a- not + plastic.] Not plastic or easily
   molded.

                                    Aplomb

   A`plomb"  (#),  n. [F., lit. perpendicularity; plomb lead. See Plumb.]
   Assurance of manner or of action; self-possession.

                                   Aplotomy

   A*plot"o*my (#), n. [Gr. (Surg.) Simple incision. Dunglison.

                                   Aplustre

   A*plus"tre  (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rom. Antiq.) An ornamental appendage
   of  wood  at the ship's stern, usually spreading like a fan and curved
   like a bird's feather. Audsley.

                                    Aplysia

   A*plys"i*a  (#),  n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of marine mollusks of the
   order  Tectibranchiata;  the  sea  hare.  Some  of  the  species  when
   disturbed  throw  out  a deep purple liquor, which colors the water to
   some distance. See Illust. in Appendix.

                                   Apneumona

   Ap*neu"mo*na  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  An  order of
   holothurians  in which the internal respiratory organs are wanting; --
   called also Apoda or Apodes.

   Apn Ap*n (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Partial privation or suspension of
                             breath; suffocation.

                                      Apo

   Ap"o  (#).  [Gr.  Ab-.]  A prefix from a Greek preposition. It usually
   signifies  from,  away from, off, or asunder, separate; as, in apocope
   (a cutting off), apostate, apostle (one sent away), apocarpous.

                                  Apocalypse

   A*poc"a*lypse (#), n. [L. apocalypsis, Gr. apocalypse.]

   1.  The  revelation delivered to St. John, in the isle of Patmos, near
   the  close  of  the  first  century,  forming the last book of the New
   Testament.

   2. Anything viewed as a revelation; as disclosure.

     The new apocalypse of Nature. Carlyle.

                          Apocalyptic, Apocalyptical

   A*poc`a*lyp"tic  (#), A*poc`a*lyp"tic*al (#), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining
   to  a  revelation,  or,  specifically,  to the Revelation of St. John;
   containing,  or  of the nature of, a prophetic revelation. Apocolyptic
   number,  the  number  666,  mentioned  in  Rev.  xiii. 18. It has been
   variously interpreted. <-- p. 69 -->

                           Apocalyptic, Apocalyptist

   A*poc`a*lyp"tic   (#),   A*poc`a*lyp"tist,   n.   The  writer  of  the
   Apocalypse.

                                Apocalyptically

   A*poc`a*lyp"tic*al*ly  (#),  adv.  By  revelation;  in  an apocalyptic
   manner.

                                  Apocarpous

   Ap`o*car"pous,  a.  [Pref.  apo-  +  Gr.  (Bot.)  Either  entirely  of
   partially separate, as the carpels of a compound pistil; -- opposed to
   syncarpous. Lindley.

                                   Apocopate

   A*poc"o*pate  (#),  v.  t.  [LL. apocopatus, p. p. of apocopare to cut
   off,  fr. L. apocore. See Apocope.] (Gram.) To cut off or drop; as, to
   apocopate a word, or the last letter, syllable, or part of a word.

                             Apocopate, Apocopated

   A*poc"o*pate  (#), A*poc"o*pa`ted (#), a. Shortened by apocope; as, an
   apocopate form.

                                  Apocopation

   A*poc`o*pa"tion  (#),  n.  Shortening  by  apocope; the state of being
   apocopated.

                                    Apocope

   A*poc"o*pe, n. [L., fr. Gr.

   1. The cutting off, or omission, of the last letter, syllable, or part
   of a word.

   2. (Med.) A cutting off; abscission.

                          Apocrisiary, Apocrisiarius

   Ap`o*cris"i*a*ry  (#),  Ap`o*cris`i*a"ri*us (#), n. [L. apocrisiarius,
   apocrisarius,  fr.  Gr.  (Eccl.) A delegate or deputy; especially, the
   pope's nuncio or legate at Constantinople.

                                  Apocrustic

   Ap`o*crus"tic  (#),  a. [Gr. (Med.) Astringent and repellent. -- n. An
   apocrustic medicine.

                                   Apocrypha

   A*poc"ry*pha  (#), n. pl., but often used as sing. with pl. Apocryphas
   (#). [L. apocryphus apocryphal, Gr.

   1.  Something,  as  a  writing,  that  is  of  doubtful  authorship or
   authority; -- formerly used also adjectively. [Obs.] Locke.

   2.  Specif.: Certain writings which are received by some Christians as
   an authentic part of the Holy Scriptures, but are rejected by others.

     NOTE: &hand; Fo urteen su ch writings, or books, formed part of the
     Septuagint,  but  not of the Hebrew canon recognized by the Jews of
     Palestine.  The Council of Trent included all but three of these in
     the  canon of inspired books having equal authority. The German and
     English  Reformers  grouped  them  in  their Bibles under the title
     Apocrypha,  as  not having dogmatic authority, but being profitable
     for instruction. The Apocrypha is now commonly

                                  Apocryphal

     A*poc"ry*phal (#), a.

     1. Pertaining to the Apocrypha.

     2.  Not canonical. Hence: Of doubtful authority; equivocal; mythic;
     fictitious; spurious; false.

     The  passages  .  .  .  are,  however,  in  part from apocryphal or
     fictitious works. Sir G. C. Lewis.

                                 Apocryphalist

     A*poc"ry*phal*ist,   n.  One  who  believes  in,  or  defends,  the
     Apocrypha. [R.]

                                 Apocryphally

     A*poc"ry*phal*ly,  adv.  In  an  apocryphal manner; mythically; not
     indisputably.

                                Apocryphalness

     A*poc"ry*phal*ness,  n.  The  quality or state of being apocryphal;
     doubtfulness of credit or genuineness.

                           Apocynaceous, Apocyneous

     A*poc`y*na"ceous  (#), Ap`o*cyn"e*ous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Belonging
     to,  or  resembling,  a  family  of  plants,  of  which the dogbane
     (Apocynum) is the type.

                                   Apocynin

     A*poc"y*nin  (#),  n. [From Apocynum, the generic name of dogbane.]
     (Chem.)  A  bitter  principle  obtained  from the dogbane (Apocynum
     cannabinum).

                                 Apod, Apodal

     Ap"od (#), Ap"o*dal (#), a. [See Apod, n.]

     1. Without feet; footless.

     2. (Zo\'94l.) Destitute of the ventral fin, as the eels.

                                  Apod, Apode

     Ap"od  (#),  Ap"ode  (#),  n.;  pl.  Apods  (#) or Apodes (#). [Gr.
     (Zo\'94l.)  One  of  certain  animals that have no feet or footlike
     organs;  esp. one of certain fabulous birds which were said to have
     no feet.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e bi rd of paradise formerly had the name Paradisea
     apoda, being supposed to have no feet, as these were wanting in the
     specimens first obtained from the East Indies.

                                     Apoda

   Ap"o*da  (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. Apod, n.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A group of
   cirripeds,  destitute  of  footlike  organs.  (b) An order of Amphibia
   without   feet.   See  Ophiomorpha.  (c)  A  group  of  worms  without
   appendages, as the leech.

                                    Apodan

   Ap"o*dan (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Apodal.

               Apodeictic, Apodictic, Apodeictical, Apodictical

   Ap"o*deic"tic    (#),    Ap`o*dic"tic   (#),   Ap`o*deic"tic*al   (#),
   Ap`o*dic"tic*al (#), a. [L. apodicticus, Gr. Self-evident; intuitively
   true; evident beyond contradiction. Brougham. Sir Wm. Hamilton.

                         Apodeictically, Apodictically

   Ap`o*deic"tic*al*ly,  Ap`o*dic"tic*al*ly,  adv.  So  as  to be evident
   beyond contradiction.

                                    Apodeme

   Ap"o*deme (#), n. [Pref. apo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the processes of
   the  shell  which  project  inwards and unite with one another, in the
   thorax of many Crustacea.

                                    Apodes

   Ap"o*des  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL., masc. pl. See Apoda.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) An
   order  of fishes without ventral fins, including the eels. (b) A group
   of holothurians destitute of suckers. See Apneumona.

                                   Apodictic

   Ap`o*dic"tic (#), a. Same as Apodeictic.

                                   Apodixis

   Ap`o*dix"is (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. Full demonstration.

                                   Apodosis

   A*pod"o*sis  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr.  Gr. (Gram.) The consequent clause or
   conclusion  in a conditional sentence, expressing the result, and thus
   distinguished from the protasis or clause which expresses a condition.
   Thus,  in  the sentence, "Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him,"
   the former clause is the protasis, and the latter the apodosis.

     NOTE: &hand; So  me gr ammarians ex tend th e te rms pr otasis an d
     apodosis to the introductory clause and the concluding clause, even
     when the sentence is not conditional.

                                    Apodous

   Ap"o*dous (#)(#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Apodal; apod.

                                  Apodyterium

   A*pod`y*te"ri*um  (#),  n.  [L., fr. Gr. (Anc. Arch.) The apartment at
   the  entrance  of the baths, or in the palestra, where one stripped; a
   dressing room.

                                    Apogaic

   Ap`o*ga"ic (#), a. [Gr. Apogean.

                                   Apogamic

   Ap`o*gam"ic (#), a. Relating to apogamy.

                                    Apogamy

   A*pog"a*my  (#), n. [Pref. apo- + Gr. (Bot.) The formation of a bud in
   place of a fertilized ovule or o\'94spore. De Bary.

                                    Apogeal

   Ap`o*ge"al (#), a. (Astron.) Apogean.

                                    Apogean

   Ap`o*ge"an  (#),  a.  Connected  with  the  apogee; as, apogean (neap)
   tides, which occur when the moon has passed her apogee.

                                    Apogee

   Ap"o*gee (#), n. [Gr. apog\'82e.]

   1.  (Astron.)  That  point  in  the  orbit of the moon which is at the
   greatest distance from the earth.

     NOTE: &hand; Fo rmerly, on  the hypothesis that the earth is in the
     center  of  the  system,  this  name was given to that point in the
     orbit  of  the sun, or of a planet, which was supposed to be at the
     greatest distance from the earth.

   2. Fig.: The farthest or highest point; culmination.

                                 Apogeotropic

   Ap`o*ge`o*trop"ic  (#),  a. [Pref. apo- + Gr. (Bot.) Bending away from
   the ground; -- said of leaves, etc. Darwin.

                                 Apogeotropism

   Ap"o*ge*ot"ro*pism  (#),  n. The apogeotropic tendency of some leaves,
   and other parts.

                                   Apograph

   Ap"o*graph (#), n. [Gr. apographe.] A copy or transcript. Blount.

                                    Apohyal

   Ap`o*hy"al  (#),  a.  [Pref.  apo-  + the Gr. letter Y.] (Anat.) Of or
   pertaining to a portion of the horn of the hyoid bone.

                                    Apoise

   A*poise" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + poise.] Balanced.

                                    Apolar

   A*po"lar  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  +  polar.] (Biol.) Having no radiating
   processes; -- applied particularly to certain nerve cells.

                                  Apolaustic

   Ap`o*laus"tic (#), a. [Gr. Devoted to enjoyment.

                                 Apollinarian

   A*pol`li*na"ri*an  (#), a. [L. Apollinaris, fr. Apollo.] (Rom. Antiq.)
   In honor of Apollo; as, the Apollinarian games.

                                 Apollinarian

   A*pol`li*na"ri*an,  n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Apollinaris, Bishop
   of  Laodicea  in the fourth century, who denied the proper humanity of
   Christ.

                               Apollinaris water

   A*pol`li*na"ris  wa"ter  (#).  An  effervescing alkaline mineral water
   used   as   a  table  beverage.  It  is  obtained  from  a  spring  in
   Apollinarisburg, near Bonn.

                                    Apollo

   A*pol"lo (#), n. [L. Apollo, -linis, Gr. (Classic Myth.) A deity among
   the  Greeks  and  Romans.  He  was  the god of light and day (the "sun
   god"),  of  archery,  prophecy, medicine, poetry, and music, etc., and
   was represented as the model of manly grace and beauty; -- called also
   Ph\'82bus.  The Apollo Belvedere, a celebrated statue of Apollo in the
   Belvedere  gallery  of  the  Vatican  palace  at Rome, esteemed of the
   noblest representations of the human frame.

                             Apollonian, Apollonic

   Ap`ol*lo"ni*an  (#),  Ap`ol*lon"ic  (#),  a.  Of,  pertaining  to,  or
   resembling, Apollo.

                                   Apollyon

   A*pol"ly*on  (#),  n. [Gr. The Destroyer; -- a name used (Rev. ix. 11)
   for the angel of the bottomless pit, answering to the Hebrew Abaddon.

                                   Apologer

   A*pol"o*ger (#), n. A teller of apologues. [Obs.]

                           Apologetic, Apologetical

   A*pol`o*get"ic  (#),  A*pol`o*get"ic*al (#), a. [Gr. Logic.] Defending
   by  words  or  arguments;  said  or  written  in defense, or by way of
   apology; regretfully excusing; as, an apologetic essay. "To speak in a
   subdued and apologetic tone." Macaulay.

                                Apologetically

   A*pol`o*get"ic*al*ly, adv. By way of apology.

                                  Apologetics

   A*pol`o*get"ics (#), n. That branch of theology which defends the Holy
   Scriptures, and sets forth the evidence of their divine authority.

                                   Apologist

   A*pol"o*gist  (#),  n.  [Cf. F. apologiste.] One who makes an apology;
   one  who  speaks  or  writes  in  defense  of  a faith, a cause, or an
   institution; especially, one who argues in defense of Christianity.

                                   Apologize

   A*pol"o*gize  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Apologized (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Apologizing.] [Cf. F. apologiser.]

   1. To make an apology or defense. Dr. H. More.

   2.  To make an apology or excuse; to make acknowledgment of some fault
   or  offense,  with  expression  of regret for it, by way of amends; --
   with for; as, my correspondent apologized for not answering my letter.

     To apologize for his insolent language. Froude.

                                   Apologize

   A*pol"o*gize, v. t. To defend. [Obs.]

     The Christians . . . were apologized by Plinie. Dr. G. Benson.

                                  Apologizer

   A*pol"o*gi`zer (#), n. One who makes an apology; an apologist.

                                   Apologue

   Ap"o*logue  (#),  n. [L. apologous, Gr. apologue.] A story or relation
   of  fictitious  events,  intended  to convey some moral truth; a moral
   fable.

     NOTE: &hand; An  ap ologue di ffers fr om a  pa rable in this;: the
     parable  is  drawn  from events which take place among mankind, and
     therefore  requires  probability  in the narrative; the apologue is
     founded  on  supposed  actions  of  brutes or inanimate things, and
     therefore  is not limited by strict rules of probability. \'92sop's
     fables are good examples of apologues.

                                    Apology

   A*pol"o*gy  (#),  n.;  pl. Apologies . [L. apologia, Gr. apologie. See
   Apologetic.]

   1.  Something  said  or  written  in  defense or justification of what
   appears  to  others wrong, or of what may be liable to disapprobation;
   justification; as, Tertullian's Apology for Christianity.

     It  is  not  my intention to make an apology for my poem; some will
     think it needs no excuse, and others will receive none. Dryden.

   2.  An  acknowledgment  intended  as an atonement for some improper or
   injurious  remark  or  act;  an  admission  to  another  of a wrong or
   discourtesy done him, accompanied by an expression of regret.

   3. Anything provided as a substitute; a makeshift.

     He goes to work devising apologies for window curtains. Dickens.

   Syn.  --  Excuse. An apology, in the original sense of the word, was a
   pleading  off  from  some  charge  or  imputation,  by  explaining and
   defending  one's  principles  or  conduct.  It therefore amounted to a
   vindication.  One  who offers an apology, admits himself to have been,
   at  least apparently, in the wrong, but brings forward some palliating
   circumstance, or tenders a frank acknowledgment, by way of reparation.
   We  make an apology for some breach of propriety or decorum (like rude
   expressions,  unbecoming  conduct,  etc.),  or some deficiency in what
   might  be  reasonably  expected.  We offer an excuse when we have been
   guilty  of  some  breach  or  neglect  of duty; and we do it by way of
   extenuating  our fault, and with a view to be forgiven. When an excuse
   has  been  accepted, an apology may still, in some cases, be necessary
   or  appropriate. "An excuse is not grounded on the claim of innocence,
   but  is  rather  an  appeal  for  favor  resting  on  some  collateral
   circumstance.  An  apology  mostly respects the conduct of individuals
   toward  each  other  as  equals;  it  is  a  voluntary act produced by
   feelings  of  decorum,  or  a  desire for the good opinion of others."
   Crabb.

                                    Apology

   A*pol"o*gy (#), v. i. To offer an apology. [Obs.]

     For which he can not well apology. J. Webster.

                                 Apomecometer

   Ap`o*me*com"e*ter,  n.  An  instrument  for  measuring  the  height of
   objects. Knight.

                                 Apomecometry

   Ap`o*me*com"e*try,  n. [Pref. apo- + Gr. -metry.] The art of measuring
   the distance of objects afar off. [Obs. or R.]

                            Apomorphia, Apomorphine

   Ap`o*mor"phi*a  (#),  Ap`o*mor"phine  (#),  n.  [Pref. apo- + morphia,
   morphine.] (Chem.) A crystalline alkaloid obtained from morphia. It is
   a powerful emetic.

                                  Aponeurosis

   Ap`o*neu*ro"sis  (#), n.; pl. Aponeuroses (#). [Gr. (Anat.) Any one of
   the  thicker and denser of the deep fasci\'91 which cover, invest, and
   the  terminations  and attachments of, many muscles. They often differ
   from tendons only in being flat and thin. See Fascia.

                                  Aponeurotic

   Ap`o*neu*rot"ic (#), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to an aponeurosis.

                                 Aponeurotomy

   Ap`o*neu*rot"o*my   (#),   n.   [Aponeurosis   +   Gr.  Dissection  of
   aponeuroses.

                                  Apopemptic

   Ap`o*pemp"tic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Sung  or  addressed  to  one departing;
   valedictory; as, apoplectic songs or hymns.

                                   Apophasis

   A*poph"a*sis (#), n. [Gr. (Rhet.) A figure by which a speaker formally
   declines  to take notice of a favorable point, but in such a manner as
   to  produce  the  effect  desired.  [For  example,  see  Mark Antony's
   oration. Shak., Julius C\'91sar, iii. 2.]

                                 Apophlegmatic

   Ap`o*phleg*mat"ic   (#),  a.  [Gr.  Phlegmatic.]  (Med.)  Designed  to
   facilitate discharges of phlegm or mucus from mouth or nostrils. -- n.
   An apohlegmatic medicine.

                                Apophlegmatism

   Ap`o*phleg"ma*tism, n. [Gr.

   1. (Med.) The action of apophlegmatics.

   2. An apophlegmatic. [Obs.] Bacon.

                               Apophlegmatizant

   Ap`o*phleg*mat"i*zant (#), n. (Med.) An apophlegmatic. [Obs.]

                                  Apophthegm

   Ap`oph*thegm (#), n. See Apothegm.

                       Apophthegmatic, Apophthegmatical

   Ap`oph*theg*mat"ic   (#),   Ap`oph*theg*mat"ic*al   (#),  a.  Same  as
   Apothegmatic.

                                   Apophyge

   A*poph"y*ge (#), n. [Gr. apophyge.] (Arch.) The small hollow curvature
   given  to  the top or bottom of the shaft of a column where it expands
   to meet the edge of the fillet; -- called also the scape. Parker.

                                  Apophyllite

   A*poph"yl*lite  (#), n. [Pref. apo- + Gr. (Min.) A mineral relating to
   the  zeolites,  usually occurring in square prisms or octahedrons with
   pearly  luster  on  the  cleavage surface. It is a hydrous silicate of
   calcium and potassium.

                                   Apophysis

   A*poph"y*sis (#), n.; pl. -ses. [NL., fr. Gr.

   1. (Anat.) A marked prominence or process on any part of a bone.

   2.  (Bot.)  An enlargement at the top of a pedicel or stem, as seen in
   certain mosses. Gray.

                            Apoplectic Apoplectical

   Ap`o*plec"tic  (#)(#)  Ap`o*plec"tic*al  (#), a. [L. apoplecticus, Gr.
   apoplectique.  See  Apoplexy.]  Relating  to  apoplexy; affected with,
   inclined  to,  or  symptomatic of, apoplexy; as, an apoplectic person,
   medicine, habit or temperament, symptom, fit, or stroke.

                                  Apoplectic

   Ap`o*plec"tic, n. One liable to, or affected with, apoplexy.

                          Apoplectiform, Apoplectoid

   Ap`o*plec"ti*form  (#),  Ap`o*plec"toid  (#),  a. [Apoplectic + -form,
   -oid.] Resembling apoplexy.

                                    Apoplex

   Ap"o*plex (#), n. Apoplexy. [Obs.] Dryden.

                                   Apoplexed

   Ap`o*plexed, a. Affected with apoplexy. [Obs.] Shak. <-- p. 70 -->

                                   Apoplexy

   Ap"o*plex`y  (#),  n.  [OE. poplexye, LL. poplexia, apoplexia, fr. Gr.
   apoplexie.   See   Plague.]   (Med.)  Sudden  diminution  or  loss  of
   consciousness,  sensation,  and  voluntary  motion,  usually caused by
   pressure on the brain.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e term is now usually limited to cerebral apoplexy,
     or  loss  of consciousness due to effusion of blood or other lesion
     within  the substance of the brain; but it is sometimes extended to
     denote  an  effusion  of blood into the substance of any organ; as,
     apoplexy of the lung.

                                  Aporetical

   Ap`o*ret"ic*al  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Aporia.]  Doubting;  skeptical. [Obs.]
   Cudworth.

                                    Aporia

   A*po"ri*a  (#),  n.; pl. Aporias (#). [L., doubt, Gr. (Rhet.) A figure
   in  which the speaker professes to be at a loss what course to pursue,
   where to begin to end, what to say, etc.

                                    Aporosa

   Ap`o*ro"sa  (#),  n.  pl. [NL., fr. Gr. Aporia.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   corals in which the coral is not porous; -- opposed to Perforata.

                                    Aporose

   Ap`o*rose" (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Without pores.

                                     Aport

   A*port" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + port.] (Naut.) On or towards the port or
   left side; -- said of the helm.

                                  Aposiopesis

   Ap`o*si`o*pe"sis  (?; 277), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure of speech
   in which the speaker breaks off suddenly, as if unwilling or unable to
   state  what was in his mind; as, "I declare to you that his conduct --
   but I can not speak of that, here."

                                   Apositic

   Ap`o*sit"ic,  a.  [Gr.  (Med.)  Destroying the appetite, or suspending
   hunger.

                                   Apostasy

   A*pos"ta*sy (#), n.; pl. Apostasies (#). [OE. apostasie, F. apostasie,
   L.  apostasia,  fr. Gr. Off and Stand.] An abandonment of what one has
   voluntarily  professed;  a  total  desertion  of  departure from one's
   faith,  principles,  or  party;  esp., the renunciation of a religious
   faith; as, Julian's apostasy from Christianity.

                                   Apostate

   A*pos"tate (#), n. [L. apostata, Gr. Apostasy.]

   1.  One  who has forsaken the faith, principles, or party, to which he
   before adhered; esp., one who has forsaken his religion for another; a
   pervert; a renegade.

   2. (R. C. Ch.) One who, after having received sacred orders, renounces
   his clerical profession.

                                   Apostate

   A*pos"tate, a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, apostasy; faithless
   to moral allegiance; renegade.

     So spake the apostate angel. Milton.

     A wretched and apostate state. Steele.

                                   Apostate

   A*pos"tate, v. i. [L. apostatare.] To apostatize. [Obs.]

     We are not of them which apostate from Christ. Bp. Hall.

                                   Apostatic

   Ap`o*stat"ic (#), a. [L. apostaticus, Gr. Apostatical. [R.]

                                  Apostatical

   Ap`o*stat"ic*al (#), a. Apostate.

     An heretical and apostatical church. Bp. Hall.

                                  Apostatize

   A*pos"ta*tize  (#),  v. i. [imp. & p. p. Apostatized (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Apostatizing.] [LL. apostatizare.] To renounce totally a religious
   belief   once  professed;  to  forsake  one's  church,  the  faith  or
   principles  once  held,  or  the  party  to  which  one has previously
   adhered.

     He  apostatized  from  his old faith in facts, took to believing in
     Carlyle.

                                  Apostemate

   A*pos"te*mate  (#), v. i. [See Aposteme.] To form an abscess; to swell
   and fill with pus. Wiseman.

                                 Apostemation

   A*pos`te*ma"tion  (#),  n.  [LL. apostematio: cf. F. apost\'82mation.]
   (Med.)  The  formation  of  an  aposteme;  the process of suppuration.
   [Written corruptly imposthumation.] Wiseman.

                                 Apostematous

   Ap`os*tem"a*tous (#), a. Pertaining to, or partaking of the nature of,
   an aposteme.

                                   Aposteme

   Ap"os*teme  (#),  n.  [L.  apostema,  Gr.  apost\'8ame. See Apostasy.]
   (Med.)  An  abscess;  a swelling filled with purulent matter. [Written
   corruptly imposthume.]

                                 A posteriori

   A` pos*te`ri*o"ri (#). [L. a (ab) + posterior latter.]

   1.  (Logic)  Characterizing  that  kind  of  reasoning  which  derives
   propositions from the observation of facts, or by generalizations from
   facts  arrives  at  principles  and definitions, or infers causes from
   effects. This is the reverse of a priori reasoning.

   2.  (Philos.) Applied to knowledge which is based upon or derived from
   facts through induction or experiment; inductive or empirical.

                              Apostil, Apostille

   A*pos"til  (#),  A*pos"tille  (#),  n.  [F.  apostille. See Postil.] A
   marginal note on a letter or other paper; an annotation. Motley.

                                    Apostle

   A*pos"tle  (#),  n.  [OE.  apostle,  apostel,  postle, AS. apostol, L.
   apostolus,  fr.  Gr.  stellen  to set, E. stall: cf. F. ap\'93tre, Of.
   apostre, apostle, apostele, apostole.]

   1.  Literally:  One  sent forth; a messenger. Specifically: One of the
   twelve  disciples  of  Christ,  specially chosen as his companions and
   witnesses, and sent forth to preach the gospel.

     He called unto him his disciples, and of them he chose twelve, whom
     also he named apostles. Luke vi. 13.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e ti tle of apostle is also applied to others, who,
     though not of the number of the Twelve, yet were equal with them in
     office  and  dignity;  as,  "Paul, called to be an apostle of Jesus
     Christ."  1  Cor. i. 1. In Heb. iii. 1, the name is given to Christ
     himself,  as having been sent from heaven to publish the gospel. In
     the  primitive  church,  other ministers were called apostles (Rom.
     xvi. 7).

   2.  The missionary who first plants the Christian faith in any part of
   the  world;  also,  one who initiates any great moral reform, or first
   advocates any important belief; one who has extraordinary success as a
   missionary or reformer; as, Dionysius of Corinth is called the apostle
   of  France, John Eliot the apostle to the Indians, Theobald Mathew the
   apostle of temperance.

   3.  (Civ.  &  Admiralty  Law) A brief letter dimissory sent by a court
   appealed  from  to the superior court, stating the case, etc.; a paper
   sent up on appeals in the admiralty courts. Wharton. Burrill.
   Apostles'  creed,  a  creed  of  unknown  origin,  which  was formerly
   ascribed  to the apostles. It certainly dates back to the beginning of
   the  sixth  century,  and  some  assert  that  it  can be found in the
   writings  of Ambrose in the fourth century. -- Apostle spoon (Antiq.),
   a  spoon  of  silver,  with the handle terminating in the figure of an
   apostle.  One or more were offered by sponsors at baptism as a present
   to the godchild. B. Jonson.

                                  Apostleship

   A*pos"tle*ship (#), n. The office or dignity of an apostle.

                                  Apostolate

   A*pos"to*late (#), n. [L. apostolatus, fr. apostolus. See Apostle.]

   1. The dignity, office, or mission, of an apostle; apostleship.

     Judas had miscarried and lost his apostolate. Jer. Taylor.

   2.  The  dignity or office of the pope, as the holder of the apostolic
   see.

                            Apostolic, Apostolical

   Ap`os*tol"ic   (#),  Ap`os*tol"ic*al  (#),  a.  [L.  apostolicus,  Gr.
   apostolique.]

   1. Pertaining to an apostle, or to the apostles, their times, or their
   peculiar spirit; as, an apostolical mission; the apostolic age.

   2.  According to the doctrines of the apostles; delivered or taught by
   the apostles; as, apostolic faith or practice.

   3. Of or pertaining to the pope or the papacy; papal.
   Apostolical  brief. See under Brief. -- Apostolic canons, a collection
   of  rules  and  precepts  relating  to  the  duty  of  Christians, and
   particularly  to  the  ceremonies  and discipline of the church in the
   second and third centuries. -- Apostolic church, the Christian church;
   --  so  called  on  account of its apostolic foundation, doctrine, and
   order.  The  churches of Rome, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem were
   called apostolic churches. -- Apostolic constitutions, directions of a
   nature  similar  to  the apostolic canons, and perhaps compiled by the
   same authors or author. -- Apostolic fathers, early Christian writers,
   who were born in the first century, and thus touched on the age of the
   apostles.  They were Polycarp, Clement, Ignatius, and Hermas; to these
   Barnabas  has  sometimes been added. -- Apostolic king (or majesty), a
   title  granted  by  the pope to the kings of Hungary on account of the
   extensive  propagation  of Christianity by St. Stephen, the founder of
   the  royal  line. It is now a title of the emperor of Austria in right
   of the throne of Hungary. -- Apostolic see, a see founded and governed
   by an apostle; specifically, the Church of Rome; -- so called because,
   in  the Roman Catholic belief, the pope is the successor of St. Peter,
   the prince of the apostles, and the only apostle who has successors in
   the  apostolic  office.  --  Apostolical  succession,  the regular and
   uninterrupted transmission of ministerial authority by a succession of
   bishops from the apostles to any subsequent period. Hook.

                                   Apostolic

   Ap`os*tol"ic,  n.  [L.  apostolicus.] (Eccl. Hist.) A member of one of
   certain  ascetic sects which at various times professed to imitate the
   practice of the apostles.

                                 Apostolically

   Ap`os*tol"ic*al*ly, adv. In an apostolic manner.

                                Apostolicalness

   Ap`os*tol"ic*al*ness, n. Apostolicity. Dr. H. More.

                          Apostolicism, Apostolicity

   Ap`os*tol"i*cism  (#),  A*pos`to*lic"i*ty (#), n. The state or quality
   of being apostolical.

                                  Apostrophe

   A*pos"tro*phe  (#),  n.  [(1)  L., fr. Gr. apostrophus apostrophe, the
   turning away or omitting of a letter, Gr.

   1.  (Rhet.)  A figure of speech by which the orator or writer suddenly
   breaks  off  from the previous method of his discourse, and addresses,
   in  the  second  person,  some person or thing, absent or present; as,
   Milton's  apostrophe  to  Light  at the beginning of the third book of
   "Paradise Lost."

   2.  (Gram.)  The  contraction of a word by the omission of a letter or
   letters,  which  omission  is marked by the character ['] placed where
   the letter or letters would have been; as, call'd for called.

   3.  The mark ['] used to denote that a word is contracted (as in ne'er
   for never, can't for can not), and as sign of the possessive, singular
   and  plural;  as,  a  boy's  hat,  boys'  hats.  In  the latter use it
   originally marked the omission of the letter e.

     NOTE: The ap ostrophe is  us ed to  ma rk the plural of figures and
     letters;  as,  two  10's and three a's. It is also employed to mark
     the close of a quotation.

                                  Apostrophic

   Ap`os*troph"ic  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to an apostrophe, grammatical or
   rhetorical.

                                 Apostrophize

   A*pos"tro*phize  (#), v. t., [imp. & p. p. Apostrophized (#); p. pr. &
   vb. n. Apostrophizing.]

   1. To address by apostrophe.

   2.  To contract by omitting a letter or letters; also, to mark with an
   apostrophe (') or apostrophes.

                                 Apostrophize

   A*pos"tro*phize, v. i. To use the rhetorical figure called apostrophe.

                                   Apostume

   Ap"os*tume (#), n. See Aposteme. [Obs.]

                                  Apotactite

   Ap`o*tac"tite (#), n. [LL. pl. apotactitae, Gr. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a
   sect  of  ancient  Christians, who, in supposed imitation of the first
   believers, renounced all their possessions.

                                   Apotelesm

   A*pot"e*lesm (#), n. [See Apotelesmatic.]

   1. The result or issue. [Obs.]

   2.  (Astrol.)  The  calculation  and explanation of a nativity. [Obs.]
   Bailey.

                                 Apotelesmatic

   Ap`o*tel`es*mat"ic (#), a. [Gr.

   1. Relating to the casting of horoscopes. [Archaic] Whewell.

   2. Relating to an issue of fulfillment.

     In  this  way  a  passage  in the Old Testament may have, or rather
     comprise,  an  apotelesmatic  sense,  i.  e., one of after or final
     accomplishment. M. Stuart.

                                  Apothecary

   A*poth"e*ca*ry  (#),  n.;  pl.  Apothecaries. [OE. apotecarie, fr. LL.
   apothecarius,  fr.  L.  apotheca storehouse, Gr. apo, fr. apothicaire,
   OF.  apotecaire.  See  Thesis.]  One  who  prepares and sells drugs or
   compounds for medicinal purposes.

     NOTE: &hand; In  England an apothecary is one of a privileged class
     of practitioners -- a kind of sub-physician. The surgeon apothecary
     is  the  ordinary family medical attendant. One who sells drugs and
     makes up prescriptions is now commonly called in England a druggist
     or a pharmaceutical chemist.

   Apothecaries'   weight,   the  system  of  weights  by  which  medical
   prescriptions  were  formerly  compounded. The pound and ounce are the
   same as in Troy weight; they differ only in the manner of subdivision.
   The  ounce  is divided into 8 drams, 24 scruples, 480 grains. See Troy
   weight.

                                  Apothecium

   Apo`*the"ci*um,  n.;  pl.  Apothecia  (#). [NL.] (Bot.) The ascigerous
   fructification of lichens, forming masses of various shapes.

                             Apothegm, Apophthegm

   Ap"o*thegm,  Ap"oph*thegm (#), n. [Gr. A short, pithy, and instructive
   saying;  a terse remark, conveying some important truth; a sententious
   precept or maxim.

     NOTE: [Apothegm is  no w th e pr evalent sp elling in  th e Un ited
     States.]

                         Apothegmatic, Apothegmatical

   Ap`o*theg*mat"ic  (#), Ap`o*theg*mat"ic*al (#), a. [Gr. Pertaining to,
   or in the manner of, an apotghem; sententious; pithy.

                                 Apothegmatist

   Ap`o*theg"ma*tist (#), n. A collector or maker of apothegms. Pope.

                                 Apothegmatize

   Ap`o*theg"ma*tize  (#),  v.  i.  To  utter  apothegms,  or  short  and
   sententious sayings.

                                    Apothem

   Ap"o*them (#), n. [Gr.

   1.  (Math.) The perpendicular from the center to one of the sides of a
   regular polygon.

   2.  A  deposit  formed in a liquid extract of a vegetable substance by
   exposure to the air.

                                  Apotheosis

   Ap`o*the"o*sis (?; 277), n. pl. Apotheoses (#). [L., fr. Gr.

   1.  The  act  of  elevating  a  mortal to the rank of, and placing him
   among, "the gods;" deification.

   2.  Glorification; exaltation. "The apotheosis of chivalry." Prescott.
   "The noisy apotheosis of liberty and machinery." F. Harrison.

                                  Apotheosize

   Ap`o*the"o*size  (#),  v.  t.  To  exalt to the dignity of a deity; to
   declare to be a god; to deify; to glorify.

                                   Apothesis

   A*poth"e*sis  (#),  n.  [Gr.  Apothecary.]  (Arch.) (a) A place on the
   south  side  of  the chancel in the primitive churches, furnished with
   shelves,  for  books,  vestments,  etc.  Weale.  (b)  A  dressing room
   connected with a public bath.

                                    Apotome

   A*pot"o*me (#), n. [Gr.

   1. (Math.) The difference between two quantities commensurable only in
   power, as between &root;2 and 1, or between the diagonal and side of a
   square.

   2.  (Mus)  The remaining part of a whole tone after a smaller semitone
   has been deducted from it; a major semitone. [Obs.]

                                    Apozem

   Ap"o*zem  (#),  n.  [L.  apozema,  Gr. (Med.) A decoction or infusion.
   [Obs.] Wiseman.

                                  Apozemical

   Ap`o*zem"ic*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to,  or resembling, a decoction.
   [Obs.] J. Whitaker.

                                    Appair

   Ap*pair"  (#),  v.  t. & i. [OF. empeirier, F. empire. See Impair.] To
   impair; to grow worse. [Obs.]

                                  Appalachian

   Ap`pa*la"chi*an  (#),  a.  Of or pertaining to a chain of mountains in
   the United States, commonly called the Allegheny mountains.

     NOTE: &hand; The name Appalachian was given to the mountains by the
     Spaniards  under  De  Soto,  who  derived  it  from the heighboring
     Indians.

   Am. Cyc.

                                    Appall

   Ap*pall"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Appalled (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Appalling.] [OF. appalir to grow pale, make pale; a (L. ad) + p\'83lir
   to grow pale, to make pale, p\'83le pale. See Pale, a., and cf. Pall.]

   1. To make pale; to blanch. [Obs.]

     The  answer  that ye made to me, my dear, . . . Hath so appalled my
     countenance. Wyatt.

   2.  To  weaken;  to  enfeeble;  to  reduce; as, an old appalled wight.
   [Obs.] Chaucer.

     Whine, of its own nature, will not congeal and freeze, only it will
     lose  the  strength,  and  become  appalled  in  extremity of cold.
     Holland.

   3.  To depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear in such a
   manner  that the mind shrinks, or loses its firmness; to overcome with
   sudden  terror  or  horror;  to  dismay;  as,  the  sight appalled the
   stoutest heart.

     The house of peers was somewhat appalled at this alarum. Clarendon.

   Syn. -- To dismay; terrify; daunt; frighten; affright; scare; depress.
   See Dismay.

                                    Appall

   Ap*pall", v. i.

   1.  To  grow faint; to become weak; to become dismayed or discouraged.
   [Obs.] Gower.

   2. To lose flavor or become stale. [Obs.]

                                    Appall

   Ap*pall", n. Terror; dismay. [Poet.] Cowper.

                                   Appalling

   Ap*pall"ing,  a.  Such  as  to  appall;  as, an appalling accident. --
   Ap*pall"ing*ly, adv.

                                  Appallment

   Ap*pall"ment  (#),  n. Depression occasioned by terror; dismay. [Obs.]
   Bacon.

                                   Appanage

   Ap"pa*nage  (#),  n.  [F. apanage, fr. OF. apaner to nourish, support,
   fr.  LL.  apanare  to  furnish with bread, to provision; L. ad + pains
   bread.]

   1.  The  portion  of  land  assigned  by  a  sovereign  prince for the
   subsistence of his younger sons.

   2. A dependency; a dependent territory. <-- p. 71 -->

   3.  That which belongs to one by custom or right; a natural adjunct or
   accompaniment. "Wealth . . . the appanage of wit." Swift.

                                  Appanagist

   Ap*pan"a*gist  (#),  n.  [F. apanagiste.] A prince to whom an appanage
   has been granted.

                                 Apparaillyng

   Ap*par"ail*lyng  (#),  n.  [See  Apparel, n. & v.] Preparation. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                   Apparatus

   Ap"pa*ratus  (#), n.; pl. Apparatus, also rarely Apparatuses (#). [L.,
   from apparare, apparatum, to prepare; ad + prepare to make ready.]

   1. Things provided as means to some end.

   2.  Hence:  A full collection or set of implements, or utensils, for a
   given  duty,  experimental  or  operative;  any  complex instrument or
   appliance, mechanical or chemical, for a specific action or operation;
   machinery; mechanism.

   3.  (Physiol.)  A  collection of organs all of which unite in a common
   function; as, the respiratory apparatus.

                                    Apparel

   Ap*par"el  (#),  n.  [OE.  apparel,  apareil,  OF.  apareil, appareil,
   preparation,  provision,  furniture, OF. apareiller to match, prepare,
   F.  appareiller;  OF.  a  (L.  ad)  +  pareil  like,  similar, fr. LL.
   pariculus, dim. of L. par equal. See Pair.]

   1.   External  clothing;  vesture;  garments;  dress;  garb;  external
   habiliments or array.

     Fresh in his new apparel, proud and young. Denham.

     At  public  devotion  his resigned carriage made religion appear in
     the natural apparel of simplicity. Tatler.

   2.  A small ornamental piece of embroidery worn on albs and some other
   ecclesiastical vestments.

   3. (Naut.) The furniture of a ship, as masts, sails, rigging, anchors,
   guns,  etc. Syn. -- Dress; clothing; vesture; garments; raiment; garb;
   costume; attire; habiliments.

                                    Apparel

   Ap*par"el,  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appareled, or Apparelled (#); p. pr. &
   vb. n. Appareling, or Apparelling.] [OF. apareiller.]

   1. To make or get (something) ready; to prepare. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. To furnish with apparatus; to equip; to fit out.

     Ships . . . appareled to fight. Hayward.

   3. To dress or clothe; to attire.

     They  which  are  gorgeously appareled, and live delicately, are in
     kings' courts. Luke vii. 25.

   4.   To  dress  with  external  ornaments;  to  cover  with  something
   ornamental;  to  deck; to embellish; as, trees appareled with flowers,
   or a garden with verdure.

     Appareled in celestial light. Wordsworth.

                                   Apparence

   Ap*par"ence (#), n. [OF. aparence.] Appearance. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Apparency

   Ap*par"en*cy (#), n.

   1. Appearance. [Obs.]

   2. Apparentness; state of being apparent. Coleridge.

   3. The position of being heir apparent.

                                   Apparent

   Ap*par"ent  (#),  a.  [F.  apparent,  L.  apparens,  -entis, p. pr. of
   apparere. See Appear.]

   1. Capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to the
   eye; within sight or view.

     The moon . . . apparent queen. Milton.

   2.  Clear  or  manifest to the understanding; plain; evident; obvious;
   known; palpable; indubitable.

     It is apparent foul play. Shak.

   3.  Appearing  to  the  eye  or  mind  (distinguished  from,  but  not
   necessarily opposed to, true or real); seeming; as the apparent motion
   or diameter of the sun.

     To  live  on  terms  of  civility, and even of apparent friendship.
     Macaulay.

     What  Berkeley  calls  visible  magnitude was by astronomers called
     apparent magnitude. Reid.

   Apparent  horizon,  the circle which in a level plain bounds our view,
   and  is  formed  by  the apparent meeting of the earth and heavens, as
   distinguished  from  the rational horizon. -- Apparent time. See Time.
   --  Heir  apparent (Law), one whose to an estate is indefeasible if he
   survives  the  ancestor;  -- in distinction from presumptive heir. See
   Presumptive.   Syn.  --  Visible;  distinct;  plain;  obvious;  clear;
   certain; evident; manifest; indubitable; notorious.
   
                                   Apparent
                                       
   Ap*par"ent, n. An heir apparent. [Obs.] 

     I'll draw it [the sword] as apparent to the crown. Shak.

                                  Apparently

   Ap*par"ent*ly, adv.

   1. Visibly. [Obs.] Hobbes.

   2. Plainly; clearly; manifestly; evidently.

     If he should scorn me so apparently. Shak.

   3. Seemingly; in appearance; as, a man may be apparently friendly, yet
   malicious in heart.

                                 Apparentness

   Ap*par"ent*ness,  n.  Plainness  to  the eye or the mind; visibleness;
   obviousness. [R.] Sherwood.

                                  Apparition

   Ap`pa*ri"tion  (#), n. [F. apparition, L. apparitio, fr. apparere. See
   Appear.]

   1. The act of becoming visible; appearance; visibility. Milton.

     The sudden apparition of the Spaniards. Prescott.

     The  apparition  of Lawyer Clippurse occasioned much speculation in
     that portion of the world. Sir W. Scott.

   2. The thing appearing; a visible object; a form.

     Which apparition, it seems, was you. Tatler.

   3.  An  unexpected, wonderful, or preternatural appearance; a ghost; a
   specter;  a phantom. "The heavenly bands . . . a glorious apparition."
   Milton.

     I think it is the weakness of mine eyes

     That shapes this monstrous apparition. Shak.

     4. (Astron.) The first appearance of a star or other luminary after
     having been invisible or obscured; -- opposed to occultation.

   Circle of perpetual apparition. See under Circle.

                                 Apparitional

   Ap`pa*ri"tion*al   (#),   a.   Pertaining   to  an  apparition  or  to
   apparitions; spectral. "An apparitional soul." Tylor.

                                   Apparitor

   Ap*par"i*tor (#), n. [L., fr. apparere. See Appear.]

   1. Formerly, an officer who attended magistrates and judges to execute
   their orders.

     Before  any  of  his  apparitors could execute the sentence, he was
     himself summoned away by a sterner apparitor to the other world. De
     Quincey.

   2.  (Law)  A  messenger  or  officer  who  serves  the  process  of an
   ecclesiastical court. Bouvier.

                                  Appaum\'82

   Ap`pau`m\'82" (#), n. [F. appaum\'82; (l. ad) + paume the palm, fr. L.
   palma.] (Her.) A hand open and extended so as to show the palm.

                                     Appay

   Ap*pay"  (#),  v. t. [OF. appayer, apaier, LL. appacare, appagare, fr.
   L.  ad  +  pacare  to pacify, pax, pacis, peace. See Pay, Appease.] To
   pay; to satisfy or appease. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

                                    Appeach

   Ap*peach"  (#),  v.  t. [OE. apechen, for empechen, OF. empeechier, F.
   emp\'88cher,  to  hinder.  See  Impeach.]  To  impeach;  to accuse; to
   asperse; to inform against; to reproach. [Obs.]

     And oft of error did himself appeach. Spenser.

                                   Appeacher

   Ap*peach"er, n. An accuser. [Obs.] Raleigh.

                                  Appeachment

   Ap*peach"ment (#), n. Accusation. [Obs.]

                                    Appeal

   Ap*peal"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Appealed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Appealing.]  [OE. appelen, apelen, to appeal, accuse, OF. appeler, fr.
   L. appellare to approach, address, invoke, summon, call, name; akin to
   appellere  to  drive  to;  ad  +  pellere to drive. See Pulse, and cf.
   Peal.]

   1.  (Law) (a) To make application for the removal of (a cause) from an
   inferior  to  a  superior  judge or court for a rehearing or review on
   account of alleged injustice or illegality in the trial below. We say,
   the  cause  was  appealed from an inferior court. (b) To charge with a
   crime;  to accuse; to institute a private criminal prosecution against
   for some heinous crime; as, to appeal a person of felony.

   2. To summon; to challenge. [Archaic]

     Man to man will I appeal the Norman to the lists. Sir W. Scott.

   3. To invoke. [Obs.] Milton.

                                    Appeal

   Ap*peal", v. t.

   1.  (Law)  To  apply  for the removal of a cause from an inferior to a
   superior  judge  or  court  for the purpose of re\'89xamination of for
   decision. Tomlins.

     I appeal unto C\'91sar. Acts xxv. 11.

   2.  To  call  upon  another  to  decide  a  question  controverted, to
   corroborate a statement, to vindicate one's rights, etc.; as, I appeal
   to all mankind for the truth of what is alleged. Hence: To call on one
   for aid; to make earnest request.

     I appeal to the Scriptures in the original. Horsley.

     They appealed to the sword. Macaulay.

                                    Appeal

   Ap*peal",  n.  [OE.  appel, apel, OF. apel, F. appel, fr. appeler. See
   Appeal, v. t.]

   1. (Law) (a) An application for the removal of a cause or suit from an
   inferior  to a superior judge or court for re\'89xamination or review.
   (b)  The mode of proceeding by which such removal is effected. (c) The
   right  of appeal. (d) An accusation; a process which formerly might be
   instituted  by  one  private  person  against another for some heinous
   crime  demanding punishment for the particular injury suffered, rather
   than  for the offense against the public. (e) An accusation of a felon
   at  common  law  by  one of his accomplices, which accomplice was then
   called an approver. See Approvement. Tomlins. Bouvier.

   2. A summons to answer to a charge. Dryden.

   3.  A  call  upon  a  person or an authority for proof or decision, in
   one's  favor;  reference  to  another as witness; a call for help or a
   favor; entreaty.

     A kind of appeal to the Deity, the author of wonders. Bacon.

   4. Resort to physical means; recourse.

     Every milder method is to be tried, before a nation makes an appeal
     to arms. Kent.

                                  Appealable

   Ap*peal"a*ble (#), a.

   1.  Capable of being appealed against; that may be removed to a higher
   tribunal for decision; as, the cause is appealable.

   2.  That  may be accused or called to answer by appeal; as, a criminal
   is appealable for manslaughter. [Obs.]

                                   Appealant

   Ap*peal"ant (#), n. An appellant. [Obs.] Shak.

                                   Appealer

   Ap*peal"er (#), n. One who makes an appeal.

                                   Appealing

   Ap*peal"ing,  a.  That appeals; imploring. -- Ap*peal"*ing*ly, adv. --
   Ap*peal"ing*ness, n.

                                    Appear

   Ap*pear"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Appeared (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Appearing.]  [OE.  apperen,  aperen,  OF. aparoir, F. apparoir, fr. L.
   appar to appear + parto come forth, to be visible; prob. from the same
   root as par to produce. Cf. Apparent, Parent, Peer, v. i.]

   1. To come or be in sight; to be in view; to become visible.

     And God . . . said, Let . . . the dry land appear. Gen. i. 9.

   2.  To  come  before  the  public; as, a great writer appeared at that
   time.

   3.  To  stand  in  presence  of  some authority, tribunal, or superior
   person,  to  answer  a  charge, plead a cause, or the like; to present
   one's self as a party or advocate before a court, or as a person to be
   tried.

     We must all appear before the judgment seat. \'b5 Cor. v. 10.

     One   ruffian  escaped  because  no  prosecutor  dared  to  appear.
     Macaulay.

   4. To become visible to the apprehension of the mind; to be known as a
   subject  of  observation or comprehension, or as a thing proved; to be
   obvious or manifest.

     It doth not yet appear what we shall be. 1 John iii. 2.

     Of their vain contest appeared no end. Milton.

   5. To seem; to have a certain semblance; to look.

     They  disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast.
     Matt. vi. 16.

   Syn. -- To seem; look. See Seem.

                                    Appear

   Ap*pear", n. Appearance. [Obs.] J. Fletcher.

                                  Appearance

   Ap*pear"ance  (#),  n. [F. apparence, L. apparentia, fr. apparere. See
   Appear.]

   1.  The  act  of  appearing  or coming into sight; the act of becoming
   visible to the eye; as, his sudden appearance surprised me.

   2.  A  thing  seed;  a  phenomenon;  a  phase;  an  apparition; as, an
   appearance in the sky.

   3. Personal presence; exhibition of the person; look; aspect; mien.

     And  now am come to see . . . It thy appearance answer loud report.
     Milton.

   4.  Semblance, or apparent likeness; external show. pl. Outward signs,
   or  circumstances,  fitted  to  make  a  particular  impression  or to
   determine  the judgment as to the character of a person or a thing, an
   act or a state; as, appearances are against him.

     There  was upon the tabernacle, as it were, the appearance of fire.
     Num. ix. 15.

     For man looketh on the outward appearance. 1 Sam. xvi. 7.

     Judge not according to the appearance. John. vii. 24.

   5.  The  act  of  appearing  in  a  particular place, or in society, a
   company,  or  any  proceedings;  a  coming  before  the  public  in  a
   particular  character;  as,  a  person  makes  his  appearance  as  an
   historian, an artist, or an orator.

     Will  he  now  retire,  After  appearance,  and  again  prolong Our
     expectation? Milton.

   6. Probability; likelihood. [Obs.]

     There is that which hath no appearance. Bacon.

   7.  (Law)  The  coming  into court of either of the parties; the being
   present  in  court;  the  coming  into court of a party summoned in an
   action,  either  by  himself or by his attorney, expressed by a formal
   entry  by  the proper officer to that effect; the act or proceeding by
   which  a  party proceeded against places himself before the court, and
   submits to its jurisdiction. Burrill. Bouvier. Daniell.
   To  put  in  an  appearance, to be present; to appear in person. -- To
   save  appearances,  to  preserve  a fair outward show. Syn. -- Coming;
   arrival;  presence;  semblance;  pretense;  air;  look;  manner; mien;
   figure; aspect.

                                   Appearer

   Ap*pear"er (#), n. One who appears. Sir T. Browne.

                                  Appearingly

   Ap*pear"ing*ly, adv. Apparently. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

                                  Appeasable

   Ap*peas"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being appeased or pacified; placable.
   -- Ap*peas"a*ble*ness, n.

                                    Appease

   Ap*pease"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Appealed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Appeasing.] [OE. apesen, apaisen, OF. apaisier, apaissier, F. apaiser,
   fr.  a  (L.  ad)  +  OF.  pais  peace, F. paix, fr. L. pax, pacis. See
   Peace.]  To  make  quiet;  to  calm; to reduce to a state of peace; to
   still;  to  pacify;  to  dispel  (anger or hatred); as, to appease the
   tumult  of the ocean, or of the passions; to appease hunger or thirst.
   Syn.  --  To  pacify; quiet; conciliate; propitiate; assuage; compose;
   calm; allay; hush; soothe; tranquilize.

                                  Appeasement

   Ap*pease"ment  (#),  n.  The  act  of appeasing, or the state of being
   appeased; pacification. Hayward.

                                   Appeaser

   Ap*peas"er (#), n. One who appeases; a pacifier.

                                   Appeasive

   Ap*pea"sive (#), a. Tending to appease.

                                  Appellable

   Ap*pel"la*ble (#), a. Appealable.

                                  Appellancy

   Ap*pel"lan*cy (#), n. Capability of appeal.

                                   Appellant

   Ap*pel"lant  (#),  a.  [L.  appellans,  p.  pr.  of  appellare; cf. F.
   appelant. See Appeal.] Relating to an appeal; appellate. "An appellant
   jurisdiction."  Hallam.  Party appellant (Law), the party who appeals;
   appellant; -- opposed to respondent, or appellee. Tomlins.
   
                                   Appellant
                                       
   Ap*pel"lant, n.
   
   1.  (Law) (a) One who accuses another of felony or treason. [Obs.] (b)
   One  who  appeals,  or  asks for a rehearing or review of a cause by a
   higher tribunal.
   
   2. A challenger. [Obs.] Milton.
   
   3.  (Eccl.  Hist.)  One  who appealed to a general council against the
   bull Unigenitus.

   4. One who appeals or entreats.

                                   Appellate

   Ap*pel"late (#), a. [L. appelatus, p. p. of appellare.] Pertaining to,
   or   taking   cognizance   of,   appeals.   "Appellate  jurisdiction."
   Blackstone.  "Appellate judges." Burke. Appelate court, a court having
   cognizance of appeals.

                                   Appellate

   Ap*pel"late,  n.  A  person  or  prosecuted  for  a  crime. [Obs.] See
   Appellee.

                                  Appellation

   Ap`pel*la"tion   (#),   n.  [L.  appellatio,  fr.  appellare:  cf.  F.
   appellation. See Appeal.]

   1. The act of appealing; appeal. [Obs.] Spenser.

   2. The act of calling by a name.

   3. The word by which a particular person or thing is called and known;
   name; title; designation.

     They   must   institute  some  persons  under  the  appellation  of
     magistrates. Hume.

   Syn. -- See Name.

                                  Appellative

   Ap*pel"la*tive  (#),  a.  [L.  appellativus,  fr.  appellare:  cf.  F.
   appelatif. See Appeal.]

   1. Pertaining to a common name; serving as a distinctive denomination;
   denominative; naming. Cudworth.

   2. (gram.) Common, as opposed to proper; denominative of a class.

                                  Appellative

   Ap*pel"la*tive, n. [L. appelativum, sc. nomen.]

   1.  A  common  name, distinction from a proper name. A common name, or
   appellative, stands for a whole class, genus, or species of beings, or
   for  universal  ideas.  Thus,  tree  is  the  name  of all plants of a
   particular  class;  plant  and vegetable are names of things that grow
   out  of  the  earth.  A  proper  name, on the other hand, stands for a
   single thing; as, Rome, Washington, Lake Erie.

   2. An appellation or title; a descriptive name.

     God  chosen  it  for  one of his appellatives to be the Defender of
     them. Jer. Taylor.

                                 Appellatively

   Ap*pel"la*tive*ly,  adv.  After  the manner of nouns appellative; in a
   manner  to express whole classes or species; as, Hercules is sometimes
   used  appellatively,  that  is,  as a common name, to signify a strong
   man.

                                Appellativeness

   Ap*pel"la*tive*ness, n. The quality of being appellative. Fuller.

                                  Appellatory

   Ap*pel"la*tory  (#),  a. [L. appellatorius, fr. appellare.] Containing
   an appeal.

     An  appellatory  libel  ought  to  contain  the  name  of the party
     appellant. Ayliffe.

                                   Appellee

   Ap`pel*lee",  n.  [F.  appel\'82, p. p. of appeler, fr. L. appellare.]
   (Law) (a) The defendant in an appeal; -- opposed to appellant. (b) The
   person  who  is  appealed  against, or accused of crime; -- opposed to
   appellor. Blackstone. <-- p. 72 -->

                                   Appellor

   Ap`pel*lor  (#),  n.  [OF. apeleur, fr. L. appellator, fr. appellare.]
   (Law)  (a)  The person who institutes an appeal, or prosecutes another
   for  a crime. Blackstone. (b) One who confesses a felony committed and
   accuses his accomplices. Blount. Burrill.

     NOTE: &hand; This word is rarely or never used for the plaintiff in
     appeal from a lower court, who is called the appellant. Appellee is
     opposed both to appellant and appellor.

                                   Appenage

   Ap"pen*age, n. See Appanage.

                                    Append

   Ap*pend"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Appended;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Appending.]  [L.  appendere or F. appendre: cf. OE. appenden, apenden,
   to belong, OF. apendre, F. appendre, fr. L. append, v. i., to hang to,
   append,  v. t., to hang to; ad + pend, v. i., to hang, pend, v. t., to
   hang. See Pendant.]

   1.  To  hang  or  attach  to,  as  by  a  string, so that the thing is
   suspended;  as,  a  seal  appended  to  a  record; the inscription was
   appended to the column.

   2. To add, as an accessory to the principal thing; to annex; as, notes
   appended to this chapter.

     A further purpose appended to the primary one. I. Taylor.

                                   Appendage

   Ap*pend"age, n.

   1.  Something  appended  to,  or  accompanying, a principal or greater
   thing, though not necessary to it, as a portico to a house.

     Modesty is the appendage of sobriety. Jer. Taylor.

   2.  (Biol.)  A  subordinate  or  subsidiary part or organ; an external
   organ or limb, esp. of the articulates.

     Antenn\'91 and other appendages used for feeling. Carpenter.

   Syn. -- Addition; adjunct; concomitant.

                                  Appendaged

   Ap*pend"aged, a. Furnished with, or supplemented by, an appendage.

                                  Appendance

   Ap*pend"ance, n. [F.] Something appendant.

                                   Appendant

   Ap*pend"ant, a. [F. appendant, p. pr. of appendre. See Append, v. t.]

   1.  Hanging;  annexed; adjunct; concomitant; as, a seal appendant to a
   paper.

     As they have transmitted the benefit to us, it is but reasonable we
     should suffer the appendant calamity. Jer. Taylor.

   2.  (Law)  Appended  by  prescription, that is, a personal usage for a
   considerable  time;  --  said  of  a thing of inheritance belonging to
   another inheritance which is superior or more worthy; as, an advowson,
   common, etc. , which may be appendant to a manor, common of fishing to
   a freehold, a seat in church to a house. Wharton. Coke.

                                   Appendant

   Ap*pend"ant, n.

   1. Anything attached to another as incidental or subordinate to it.

   2.   (Law)  A  inheritance  annexed  by  prescription  to  a  superior
   inheritance.

                            Appendence, Appendency

   Ap*pend"ence  (#),  Ap*pend"en*cy  (#),  n.  State of being appendant;
   appendance. [Obs.]

                                  Appendical

   Ap*pend"i*cal (#), a. Of or like an appendix.

                                  Appendicate

   Ap*pend"i*cate (#), v. t. To append. [Obs.]

                                 Appendication

   Ap*pend`i*ca"tion (#), n. An appendage. [Obs.]

                                 Appendicitis

   Ap*pend`i*ci"tis   (#),   n.  (Med.)  Inflammation  of  the  vermiform
   appendix.

                                  Appendicle

   Ap*pend"i*cle  (#),  n.  [L.  appendicula, dim. of. appendix.] A small
   appendage.

                                 Appendicular

   Ap`pen*dic"u*lar  (#),  a.  Relating  to an appendicle; appendiculate.
   [R.]

                                Appendicularia

   Ap`pen*dic`u*la"ri*a  (#),  n.  [NL.]  (Zo\'94l.)  A  genus  of  small
   free-swimming Tunicata, shaped somewhat like a tadpole, and remarkable
   for  resemblances to the larv\'91 of other Tunicata. It is the type of
   the order Copelata or Larvalia. See Illustration in Appendix.

                                 Appendiculata

   Ap`pen*dic`u*la"ta  (#), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of annelids;
   the Polych&ae;ta.

                                 Appendiculate

   Ap`pen*dic"u*late  (#),  a. [See Appendicle.] Having small appendages;
   forming  an  appendage.  Appendiculate  leaf,  a  small appended leaf.
   Withering.

                                   Appendix

   Ap*pen"dix  (#),  n.; pl. E. Appendixes (#), L. Appendices (#)(#). [L.
   appendix, -dicis, fr. appendere. See Append.]

   1. Something appended or added; an appendage, adjunct, or concomitant.

     Normandy became an appendix to England. Sir M. Hale.

   2.  Any literary matter added to a book, but not necessarily essential
   to  its completeness, and thus distinguished from supplement, which is
   intended  to supply deficiencies and correct inaccuracies. Syn. -- See
   Supplement.

                                   Appension

   Ap*pen"sion (#), n. The act of appending. [Obs.]

                                  Apperceive

   Ap`per*ceive"  (#),  v.  t.  [F.  apercevoir,  fr.  L. ad + percipere,
   perceptum,  to  perceive.  See  Perceive.] To perceive; to comprehend.
   Chaucer.

                                 Apperception

   Ap`per*cep"tion (#), n. [Pref. ad- + perception: cf. F. apperception.]
   (Metaph.)  The  mind's perception of itself as the subject or actor in
   its  own  states;  perception  that  reflects  upon itself; sometimes,
   intensified or energetic perception. Leibnitz. Reid.

     This  feeling  has  been called by philosophers the apperception or
     consciousness of our own existence. Sir W. Hamilton.

                                    Apperil

   Ap*per"il (#), n. Peril. [Obs.] Shak.

                                   Appertain

   Ap`per*tain" (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Appertained (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Appertaining.]   [OE.   apperteinen,   apertenen,  OF.  apartenir,  F.
   appartenir,  fr.  L.  appertinere; ad + pertinere to reach to, belong.
   See  Pertain.]  To  belong  or  pertain,  whether  by  right,  nature,
   appointment, or custom; to relate.

     Things appertaining to this life. Hooker.

     Give it unto him to whom it appertaineth. Lev. vi. 5.

                                 Appertainment

   Ap`per*tain"ment,   n.   That   which   appertains  to  a  person;  an
   appurtenance. [Obs. or R.] Shak.

                          Appertinance, Appertinence

   Ap*per"ti*nance (#), Ap*per"ti*nence (#), n. See Appurtenance.

                                  Appertinent

   Ap*per"ti*nent  (#),  a. Belonging; appertaining. [Now usually written
   appurtenant.] Coleridge.

                                  Appertinent

   Ap*per"ti*nent,   n.   That   which  belongs  to  something  else;  an
   appurtenant. [Obs.] Shak.

                                    Appete

   Ap*pete" (#), v. t. [L. appetere: cf. F. app\'82ter. See Appetite.] To
   seek for; to desire. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Appetence

   Ap"pe*tence (#), n. [Cf. F. app\'82tence. See Appetency.] A longing; a
   desire; especially an ardent desire; appetite; appetency.

                                   Appetency

   Ap"pe*ten*cy  (#),  n.;  pl.  Appetencies  (#).  [L.  appetentia,  fr.
   appetere to strive after, long for. See Appetite.]

   1.  Fixed  and strong desire; esp. natural desire; a craving; an eager
   appetite.

     They had a strong appetency for reading. Merivale.

   2.  Specifically:  An instinctive inclination or propensity in animals
   to  perform certain actions, as in the young to suck, in aquatic fowls
   to  enter into water and to swim; the tendency of an organized body to
   seek what satisfies the wants of its organism.

     These  lacteals  have  mouths, and by animal selection or appetency
     the  absorb such part of the fluid as is agreeable to their palate.
     E. Darwin.

   3.  Natural  tendency;  affinity;  attraction;  --  used  of inanimate
   objects.

                                   Appetent

   Ap"pe*tent  (#),  a.  [L.  appetens,  p.  pr.  of appetere.] Desiring;
   eagerly desirous. [R.]

     Appetent after glory and renown. Sir G. Buck.

                                 Appetibility

   Ap`pe*ti*bil"i*ty  (#), n. [Cf. F. app\'82tibilit\'82.] The quality of
   being desirable. Bramhall.

                                   Appetible

   Ap"pe*ti*ble   (#),   a.   [L.   appetibilis,  fr.  appetere:  cf.  F.
   app\'82tible.]  Desirable;  capable  or  worthy of being the object of
   desire. Bramhall.

                                   Appetite

   Ap"pe*tite  (#), n. [OE. appetit, F. app\'82tit, fr. L. appetitus, fr.
   appetere to strive after, long for; ad + petere to seek. See Petition,
   and cf. Appetence.]

   1.  The  desire for some personal gratification, either of the body or
   of the mind.

     The  object  of  appetite it whatsoever sensible good may be wished
     for;  the  object of will is that good which reason does lead us to
     seek. Hooker.

   2. Desire for, or relish of, food or drink; hunger.

     Men must have appetite before they will eat. Buckle.

   3. Any strong desire; an eagerness or longing.

     It God had given to eagles an appetite to swim. Jer. Taylor.

     To gratify the vulgar appetite for the marvelous. Macaulay.

   4. Tendency; appetency. [Obs.]

     In all bodies there as an appetite of union. Bacon.

   5. The thing desired. [Obs.]

     Power being the natural appetite of princes. Swift.

     NOTE: &hand; In  old authors, appetite is followed by to or of, but
     regularly  it  should  be followed by for before the object; as, an
     appetite for pleasure.

   Syn. -- Craving; longing; desire; appetency; passion.

                                  Appetition

   Ap`pe*ti"tion  (#), n. [L. appetitio: cf. F. app\'82tition.] Desire; a
   longing for, or seeking after, something. Holland.

                                  Appetitive

   Ap"pe*ti"tive  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F. app\'82titif.] Having the quality of
   desiring gratification; as, appetitive power or faculty. Sir M. Hale.

                                   Appetize

   Ap"pe*tize  (#), v. t. To make hungry; to whet the appetite of. Sir W.
   Scott.

                                   Appetizer

   Ap"pe*ti`zer (#), n. Something which creates or whets an appetite.

                                  Appetizing

   Ap"pe*ti`zing  (#), a. [Cf. F. app\'82tissant.] Exciting appetite; as,
   appetizing food.

     The appearance of the wild ducks is very appetizing. Sir W. Scott.

                                  Appetizing

   Ap"pe*ti`zing, adv. So as to excite appetite.

                                    Appian

   Ap"pi*an  (#),  a.  [L. Appius, Appianus.] Of or pertaining to Appius.
   Appian  Way, the great paved highway from ancient Rome trough Capua to
   Brundisium, now Brindisi, constructed partly by Appius Claudius, about
   312 b. c.

                                    Applaud

   Ap*plaud"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Applauded;  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Applauding.]  [L.  applaudere;  ad  +  plaudere  to clash, to clap the
   hands: cf. F. applaudir. Cf. Explode.]

   1.  To  show  approval of by clapping the hands, acclamation, or other
   significant sign.

     I  would  applaud thee to the very echo, That should applaud again.
     Shak.

   2.  To  praise  by  words;  to  express approbation of; to commend; to
   approve.

     By the gods, I do applaud his courage. Shak.

   Syn.  --  To  praise;  extol;  commend;  cry up; magnify; approve. See
   Praise.

                                    Applaud

   Ap*plaud", v. i. To express approbation loudly or significantly.

                                   Applauder

   Ap*plaud"er (#), n. One who applauds.

                                  Applausable

   Ap*plaus"a*ble (#), a. Worthy pf applause; praiseworthy. [Obs.]

                                   Applause

   Ap*plause"  (#),  n.  [L.  applaudere,  app.  See Applaud.] The act of
   applauding;  approbation and praise publicly expressed by clapping the
   hands,  stamping  or  tapping  with  the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or
   other means; marked commendation.

     The brave man seeks not popular applause. Dryden.

   Syn. -- Acclaim; acclamation; plaudit; commendation; approval.

                                  Applausive

   Ap*plau"sive   (#),   a.   [LL.   applausivus.]  Expressing  applause;
   approbative. -- Ap*plau"sive*ly, adv.

                                     Apple

   Ap"ple (#), n. [OE. appel, eppel, AS. \'91ppel, \'91pl; akin to Fries.
   & D. appel, OHG, aphul, aphol, G. apfel, Icel. epli, Sw. \'84ple, Dan.
   \'91ble, Gael. ubhall, W. afal, Arm. aval, Lith. ob, Russ. iabloko; of
   unknown origin.]

   1.  The  fleshy  pome  or  fruit  of  a  rosaceous  tree (Pyrus malus)
   cultivated in numberless varieties in the temperate zones.

     NOTE: &hand; The European crab apple is supposed to be the original
     kind, from which all others have sprung.

   2.  (bot.)  Any  tree  genus Pyrus which has the stalk sunken into the
   base of the fruit; an apple tree.

   3.  Any fruit or other vegetable production resembling, or supposed to
   resemble,  the  apple;  as,  apple  of love, or love apple (a tomato),
   balsam apple, egg apple, oak apple.

   4. Anything round like an apple; as, an apple of gold.

     NOTE: Apple is used either adjectively or in combination; as, apple
     paper  or apple-paper, apple-shaped, apple blossom, apple dumpling,
     apple pudding.

   Apple  blight,  an  aphid which injures apple trees. See Blight, n. --
   Apple  borer  (Zo\'94l.),  a  coleopterous  insect (Saperda candida or
   bivittata),  the larva of which bores into the trunk of the apple tree
   and  pear  tree.  --  Apple  brandy, brandy made from apples. -- Apple
   butter,  a  sauce  made  of  apples stewed down in cider. Bartlett. --
   Apple  corer,  an  instrument  for  removing the cores from apples. --
   Apple fly (Zo\'94l.), any dipterous insect, the larva of which burrows
   in apples. Apple flies belong to the genera Drosophila and Trypeta. --
   Apple  midge  (Zo\'94l.)  a  small dipterous insect (Sciara mali), the
   larva  of  which  bores  in apples. -- Apple of the eye, the pupil. --
   Apple of discord, a subject of contention and envy, so called from the
   mythological  golden  apple,  inscribed  "For  the fairest," which was
   thrown  into  an assembly of the gods by Eris, the goddess of discord.
   It  was contended for by Juno, Minerva, and Venus, and was adjudged to
   the  latter. -- Apple of love, or Love apple, the tomato (Lycopersicum
   esculentum).   --  Apple  of  Peru,  a  large  coarse  herb  (Nicandra
   physaloides)  bearing  pale  blue  flowers,  and  a  bladderlike fruit
   inclosing  a  dry  berry.  --  Apples  of  Sodom, a fruit described by
   ancient  writers  as  externally of air appearance but dissolving into
   smoke  and  ashes plucked; Dead Sea apples. The name is often given to
   the  fruit  of  Solanum  Sodom\'91um,  a  prickly shrub with fruit not
   unlike  a  small yellow tomato. -- Apple sauce, stewed apples. [U. S.]
   --  Apple snail or Apple shell (Zo\'94l.), a fresh-water, operculated,
   spiral shell of the genus Ampullaria. -- Apple tart, a tart containing
   apples. -- Apple tree, a tree naturally bears apples. See Apple, 2. --
   Apple wine, cider. -- Apple worm (Zo\'94l.), the larva of a small moth
   (Carpocapsa  pomonella)  which  burrows in the interior of apples. See
   Codling  moth.  --  Dead Sea Apple. (a) pl. Apples of Sodom. Also Fig.
   "To  seek  the Dead Sea apples of politics." S. B. Griffin. (b) A kind
   of gallnut coming from Arabia. See Gallnut.
   
                                     Apple
                                       
   Ap"ple (#), v. i. To grow like an apple; to bear apples. Holland.
   
                                  Apple-faced
                                       
   Ap"ple-faced`  (#),  a.  Having  a  round,  broad face, like an apple.
   "Apple-faced children." Dickens.
   
                                  Apple-jack
                                       
   Ap"ple-jack` (#), n. Apple brandy. [U.S.] 

                                  Apple-john

   Ap"ple-john`,  n..  A  kind  of  apple  which  by keeping becomes much
   withered; -- called also Johnapple. Shak.

                                   Apple pie

   Ap"ple  pie` (#). A pie made of apples (usually sliced or stewed) with
   spice  and sugar. Apple-pie bed, a bed in which, as a joke, the sheets
   are so doubled (like the cover of an apple turnover) as to prevent any
   one  from getting at his length between them. Halliwell, Conybeare. --
   Apple-pie order, perfect order or arrangement. [Colloq.] Halliwell.

                                 Apple-squire

   Ap"ple-squire` (#), n. A pimp; a kept gallant. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

                                   Appliable

   Ap*pli"a*ble  (#), a. [See Apply.] Applicable; also, compliant. [Obs.]
   Howell.

                                   Appliance

   Ap*pli"ance (#), n.

   1. The act of applying; application; [Obs.] subservience. Shak.

   2.  The  thing  applied  or used as a means to an end; an apparatus or
   device;  as,  to  use  various  appliances;  a mechanical appliance; a
   machine with its appliances.

                                 Applicability

   Ap`pli*ca*bil"i*ty  (#),  n. The quality of being applicable or fit to
   be applied.

                                  Applicable

   Ap"pli*ca*ble (#), a. [Cf. F. aplicable, fr. L. applicare. See Apply.]
   Capable  of  being  applied;  fit  or  suitable  to be applied; having
   relevance;  as,  this  observation  is  applicable  to  the case under
   consideration. -- Ap"pli*ca*ble*ness, n. -- Ap"pli*ca*bly, adv.

                                  Applicancy

   Ap"pli*can*cy (#), n. The quality or state of being applicable. [R.]

                                   Applicant

   Ap"pli*cant  (#),  n.  [L. applicans, p. pr. of applicare. See Apply.]
   One who apples for something; one who makes request; a petitioner.

     The applicant for a cup of water. Plumtre.

     The court require the applicant to appear in person. Z. Swift.

                                   Applicate

   Ap"pli*cate  (#),  a.  [L. applicatus, p. p. of applicare. See Apply.]
   Applied or put to some use.

     Those  applicate  sciences  which  extend the power of man over the
     elements. I. Taylor.

   Applicate  number (Math.), one which applied to some concrete case. --
   Applicate  ordinate, right line applied at right angles to the axis of
   any conic section, and bounded by the curve.

                                   Applicate

   Ap"pli*cate (#), v. i. To apply. [Obs.]

     The act of faith is applicated to the object. Bp. Pearson.

                                  Application

   Ap`pli*ca"tion   (#),   n.  [L.  applicatio,  fr.  applicare:  cf.  F.
   application. See Apply.]

   1.  The  act  of  applying  or  laying on, in a literal sense; as, the
   application of emollients to a diseased limb.

   2. The thing applied.

     He  invented  a  new  application by which blood might be stanched.
     Johnson.

   3.  The  act  of  applying  as  a  means;  the  employment of means to
   accomplish an end; specific use.

     If  a  right course . . . be taken with children, there will not be
     much need of the application of the common rewards and punishments.
     Locke.

   4.  The  act of directing or referring something to a particular case,
   to  discover  or  illustrate  agreement  or  disagreement, fitness, or
   correspondence;  as,  I  make  the  remark,  and leave you to make the
   application; the application of a theory. <-- p. 73 -->

   5.  Hence, in specific uses: (a) That part of a sermon or discourse in
   which  the  principles before laid down and illustrated are applied to
   practical  uses; the "moral" of a fable. (b) The use of the principles
   of one science for the purpose of enlarging or perfecting another; as,
   the application of algebra to geometry.

   6. The capacity of being practically applied or used; relevancy; as, a
   rule of general application.

   7.  The  act  of  fixing  the  mind  or  closely  applying one's self;
   assiduous  effort;  close  attention;  as,  to  injure  the  health by
   application to study.

     Had  his  application been equal to his talents, his progress night
     have been greater. J. Jay.

   8.  The act of making request of soliciting; as, an application for an
   office; he made application to a court of chancery.

   9. A request; a document containing a request; as, his application was
   placed on file.

                                  Applicative

   Ap"pli*ca*tive  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  applicatif,  fr. L. applicare. See
   Apply.]  Having  of  being  applied  or  used;  applying; applicatory;
   practical. Bramhall. -- Ap"pli*ca*tive*ly, adv.

                                 Applicatorily

   Ap"pli*ca*to*ri*ly (#), adv. By way of application.

                                  Applicatory

   Ap"pli*ca*to*ry,  a.  Having  the  property  of applying; applicative;
   practical. -- n. That which applies.

                                   Appliedly

   Ap*pli"ed*ly (#), adv. By application. [R.]

                                    Applier

   Ap*pli"er (#), n. He who, or that which, applies.

                                   Appliment

   Ap*pli"ment (#), n. Application. [Obs.] Marston

                                  Appliqu\'82

   Ap`pli`qu\'82"  (?; 277), a. [F., fr. appliquer to put on.] Ornamented
   with  a  pattern  (which  has  been cut out of another color or stuff)
   applied   or  transferred  to  a  foundation;  as,  appliqu\'82  lace;
   appliqu\'82 work.

                                    Applot

   Ap*plot"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Applotted;  p.  pr. & vb. n.
   Applotting.]  [Pref.  ad-  +  plot.] To divide into plots or parts; to
   apportion. Milton.

                                  Applotment

   Ap*plot"ment (#), n. Apportionment.

                                     Apply

   Ap*ply"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Applied  (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Applying.]  [OF.  aplier, F. appliquer, fr. L. applicare to join, fix,
   or  attach to; ad + plicare to fold, to twist together. See Applicant,
   Ply.]

   1.  To  lay or place; to put or adjust (one thing to another); -- with
   to;  as,  to  apply  the hand to the breast; to apply medicaments to a
   diseased part of the body.

     He said, and the sword his throat applied. Dryden.

   2.  To  put to use; to use or employ for a particular purpose, or in a
   particular  case; to appropriate; to devote; as, to apply money to the
   payment of a debt.

   3.  To  make  use  of, declare, or pronounce, as suitable, fitting, or
   relative;  as, to apply the testimony to the case; to apply an epithet
   to a person.

     Yet God at last To Satan, first in sin, his doom applied. Milton.

   4. To fix closely; to engage and employ diligently, or with attention;
   to attach; to incline.

     Apply thine heart unto instruction. Prov. xxiii. 12.

   5. To direct or address. [R.]

     Sacred vows . . . applied to grisly Pluto. Pope.

   6. To betake; to address; to refer; -- used reflexively.

     I applied myself to him for help. Johnson.

   7. To busy; to keep at work; to ply. [Obs.]

     She was skillful in applying his "humors." Sir P. Sidney.

   8. To visit. [Obs.]

     And he applied each place so fast. Chapman.

   Applied  chemistry.  See  under Chemistry. -- Applied mathematics. See
   under Mathematics.

                                     Apply

   Ap*ply", v. i.

   1.  To suit; to agree; to have some connection, agreement, or analogy;
   as, this argument applies well to the case.

   2. To make request; to have recourse with a view to gain something; to
   make  application.  (to);  to  solicit;  as,  to apply to a friend for
   information.

   3. To ply; to move. [R.]

     I  heard the sound of an oar applying swiftly through the water. T.
     Moore.

   4.  To  apply  or  address  one's self; to give application; to attend
   closely (to).

                                 Appoggiatura

   Ap*pog`gia*tu"ra  (#),  n.  [It., fr. appogiarre to lean, to rest; ap-
   (L.  ad)  +  poggiare  to mount, ascend, poggio hill, fr. L. podium an
   elevated  place.]  (Mus.)  A passing tone preceding an essential tone,
   and  borrowing  the  time  it occupies from that; a short auxiliary or
   grace  note  one degree above or below the principal note unless it be
   of the same harmony; -- generally indicated by a note of smaller size,
   as  in  the  illustration  above.  It  forms  no essential part of the
   harmony.

                                    Appoint

   Ap*point"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Appointed;  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Appointing.]  [OE.  appointen,  apointen,  OF.  apointier  to prepare,
   arrange,  lean,  place,  F. appointer to give a salary, refer a cause,
   fr.  LL.  appunctare  to  bring back to the point, restore, to fix the
   point in a controversy, or the points in an agreement; L. ad + punctum
   a point. See Point.]

   1. To fix with power or firmness; to establish; to mark out.

     When he appointed the foundations of the earth. Prov. viii. 29.

   2.  To  fix  by a decree, order, command, resolve, decision, or mutual
   agreement; to constitute; to ordain; to prescribe; to fix the time and
   place of.

     Thy  servants  are  ready  to  do whatsoever my lord the king shall
     appoint. 2 Sam. xv. 15.

     He  hath  appointed  a day, in the which he will judge the world in
     righteousness. Acts xvii. 31.

     Say  that  the  emperor  request  a  parley  .  . . and appoint the
     meeting. Shak.

   3. To assign, designate, or set apart by authority.

     Aaron  and  his  shall  go  in,  and  appoint them every one to his
     service. Num. iv. 19.

     These were cities appointed for all the children of Israel, and for
     the stranger that sojourneth among them. Josh. xx. 9.

   4.  To  furnish in all points; to provide with everything necessary by
   way of equipment; to equip; to fit out.

     The English, being well appointed, did so entertain them that their
     ships departed terribly torn. Hayward.

   5. To point at by way, or for the purpose, of censure or commendation;
   to arraign. [Obs.]

     Appoint not heavenly disposition. Milton.

   6.  (Law)  To  direct,  designate,  or  limit; to make or direct a new
   disposition  of,  by  virtue  of a power contained in a conveyance; --
   said of an estate already conveyed. Burrill. Kent.
   To appoint one's self, to resolve. [Obs.] Crowley.

                                    Appoint

   Ap*point" (#), v. i. To ordain; to determine; to arrange.

     For  the Lord had appointed to defeat the good counsel of Ahithoph2
     Sam. xvii. 14.

                                  Appointable

   Ap*point"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being appointed or constituted.

                                   Appointee

   Ap*point*ee" (#), n. [F. appoint\'82, p. p. of appointer. See Appoint,
   v. t.]

   1. A person appointed.

     The  commission  authorizes  them to make appointments, and pay the
     appointees. Circular of Mass. Representatives (1768).

   2.  (law)  A person in whose favor a power of appointment is executed.
   Kent. Wharton.

                                   Appointer

   Ap*point"er  (#),  n.  One  who  appoints,  or  executes  a  power  of
   appointment. Kent.

                                  Appointive

   Ap*point"ive (#), a. Subject to appointment; as, an appointive office.
   [R.]

                                  Appointment

   Ap*point"ment (#), n. [Cf. F. appointement.]

   1. The act of appointing; designation of a person to hold an office or
   discharge a trust; as, he erred by the appointment of unsuitable men.

   2. The state of being appointed to somappointment
   of treasurer.

   3.  Stipulation;  agreement;  the  act  of fixing by mutual agreement.
   Hence::  Arrangement  for  a  meeting;  engagement;  as,  they made an
   appointment to meet at six.

   4. Decree; direction; established order or constitution; as, to submit
   to the divine appointments.

     According to the appointment of the priests. Ezra vi. 9.

   5.  (Law)  The exercise of the power of designating (under a "power of
   appointment")  a person to enjoy an estate or other specific property;
   also, the instrument by which the designation is made.

   6.  Equipment,  furniture,  as  for  a  ship  or  an army; whatever is
   appointed  for  use and management; outfit; (pl.) the accouterments of
   military officers or soldiers, as belts, sashes, swords.

     The  cavaliers  emulated  their  chief  in  the  richness  of their
     appointments. Prescott.

     I'll  prove it in my shackles, with these hands Void of appoinment,
     that thou liest. Beau. & Fl.

   7.  An  allowance to a person, esp. to a public officer; a perquisite;
   -- properly only in the plural. [Obs.]

     An   expense  proportioned  to  his  appointments  and  fortune  is
     necessary. Chesterfield.

   8.  A  honorary  part  or  exercise,  as an oration, etc., at a public
   exhibition  of  a  college; as, to have an appointment. [U.S.] Syn. --
   Designation; command; order; direction; establishment; equipment.

                                   Appointor

   Ap*point*or"  (#),  n. (Law) The person who selects the appointee. See
   Appointee, 2.

                                   Apporter

   Ap*por"ter  (#), n. [Cf. F. apporter to bring in, fr. L. apportare; ad
   + portare to bear.] A bringer in; an importer. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

                                   Apportion

   Ap*por"tion  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Apportioned (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Apportioning.]  [OF.  apportionner,  LL.  apportionare,  fr.  L.  ad +
   portio.  See  Portion.]  To  divide  and assign in just proportion; to
   divide and distribute proportionally; to portion out; to allot; as, to
   apportion   undivided   rights;   to   apportion  time  among  various
   employments.

                               Apportionateness

   Ap*por"tion*ate*ness  (#),  n.  The quality of being apportioned or in
   proportion. [Obs. & R.]

                                  Apportioner

   Ap*por"tion*er (#), n. One who apportions.

                                 Apportionment

   Ap*por"tion*ment    (#),    n.    [Cf.    F.    apportionnement,   LL.
   apportionamentum.]  The  act  of  apportioning;  a  dividing into just
   proportions   or   shares;  a  division  or  shares;  a  division  and
   assignment,  to  each  proprietor, of his just portion of an undivided
   right or property. A. Hamilton.

                                    Appose

   Ap*pose"  (#), v. t. [F. apposer to set to; ad) + poser to put, place.
   See Pose.]

   1.  To  place  opposite  or  before;  to  put  or  apply (one thing to
   another).

     The  nymph  herself  did then appose, For food and beverage, to him
     all best meat. Chapman.

   2. To place in juxtaposition or proximity.

                                    Appose

   Ap*pose",  v.  t.  [For  oppose.  See Oppose.] To put questions to; to
   examine; to try. [Obs.] See Pose.

     To appose him without any accuser, and that secretly. Tyndale.

                                    Apposed

   Ap*posed"  (#),  a.  Placed  in  apposition;  mutually fitting, as the
   mandibles of a bird's beak.

                                    Apposer

   Ap*pos"er (#), n. An examiner; one whose business is to put questions.
   Formerly,  in  the  English Court of Exchequer, an officer who audited
   the sheriffs' accounts.

                                   Apposite

   Ap"po*site  (#), a. [L. appositus, p. p. of apponere to set or put to;
   ad + ponere to put, place.] Very applicable; well adapted; suitable or
   fit;  relevant;  pat;  --  followed  by  to; as, this argument is very
   apposite to the case. -- Ap"po*site*ly, adv. -- Ap"po*site*ness, n.

                                  Apposition

   Ap`po*si"tion  (#), n. [L. appositio, fr. apponere: cf. F. apposition.
   See Apposite.]

   1. The act of adding; application; accretion.

     It grows . . . by the apposition of new matter. Arbuthnot.

   2.  The putting of things in juxtaposition, or side by side; also, the
   condition of being so placed.

   3.  (Gram.)  The state of two nouns or pronouns, put in the same case,
   without  a  connecting  word  between  them;  as, I admire Cicero, the
   orator. Here, the second noun explains or characterizes the first.
   Growth  by  apposition  (Physiol.), a mode of growth characteristic of
   non  vascular  tissues,  in  which  nutritive matter from the blood is
   transformed  on  the  surface  of  an  organ  into  solid  unorganized
   substance.

                                 Appositional

   Ap`po*si"tion*al  (#),  a. Pertaining to apposition; put in apposition
   syntactically. Ellicott.

                                  Appositive

   Ap*pos"i*tive  (#), a. Of or relating to apposition; in apposition. --
   n. A noun in apposition. -- Ap*pos"i*tive*ly, adv.

     Appositive to the words going immediately before. Knatchbull.

                                  Appraisable

   Ap*prais"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being appraised.

                                   Appraisal

   Ap*prais"al  (#),  n.  [See Appraise. Cf. Apprizal.] A valuation by an
   authorized person; an appraisement.

                                   Appraise

   Ap*praise"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Appraised (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Appraising.]   [Pref.  ad-  +  praise.  See  Praise,  Price,  Apprize,
   Appreciate.]

   1.  To  set a value; to estimate the worth of, particularly by persons
   appointed for the purpose; as, to appraise goods and chattels.

   2. To estimate; to conjecture.

     Enoch . . . appraised his weight. Tennyson.

   3. To praise; to commend. [Obs.] R. Browning.

     Appraised the Lycian custom. Tennyson.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th e United States, this word is often pronounced,
     and sometimes written, apprize.

                                 Appraisement

   Ap*praise"ment  (#),  n.  [See  Appraise. Cf. Apprizement.] The act of
   setting the value; valuation by an appraiser; estimation of worth.

                                   Appraiser

   Ap*prais"er (#), n. [See Appraise, Apprizer.] One who appraises; esp.,
   a person appointed and sworn to estimate and fix the value of goods or
   estates.

                                  Apprecation

   Ap`pre*ca"tion,  n.  [L.  apprecari  to pray to; ad + precari to pray,
   prex, precis, prayer.] Earnest prayer; devout wish. [Obs.]

     A solemn apprecation of good success. Bp. Hall.

                                  Apprecatory

   Ap"pre*ca*to*ry  (#),  a.  Praying or wishing good. [Obs.]"Apprecatory
   benedictions." Bp. Hall.

                                  Appreciable

   Ap*pre"ci*a*ble  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  appr\'82ciable.] Capable of being
   appreciated  or  estimated; large enough to be estimated; perceptible;
   as, an appreciable quantity. -- Ap*pre"ci*a*bly, adv.

                                  Appreciant

   Ap*pre"ci*ant (#), a. Appreciative. [R.]

                                  Appreciate

   Ap*pre"ci*ate  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Appreciated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Appreciating.]  [L.  appretiatus,  p.  p.  of appretiare to value at a
   price, appraise; ad + pretiare to prize, pretium price. Cf. Appraise.]

   1. To set a price or value on; to estimate justly; to value.

     To appreciate the motives of their enemies. Gibbon.

   3.  To raise the value of; to increase the market price of; -- opposed
   to depreciate. [U.S.]

     Lest a sudden peace should appreciate the money. Ramsay.

   4. To be sensible of; to distinguish.

     To test the power of bappreciate color. Lubbock.

   Syn.  --  To  Appreciate,  Estimate,  Esteem.  Estimate  is  an act of
   judgment;  esteem is an act of valuing or prizing, and when applied to
   individuals,  denotes  a sentiment of moral approbation. See Estimate.
   Appreciate  lies  between  the  two.  As  compared  with  estimate, it
   supposes  a  union  of sensibility with judgment, producing a nice and
   delicate  perception.  As compared with esteem, it denotes a valuation
   of  things  according to their appropriate and distinctive excellence,
   and  not  simply their moral worth. Thus, with reference to the former
   of  these  (delicate  perception),  an able writer says. "Women have a
   truer appreciation of character than men;" and another remarks, "It is
   difficult  to appreciate the true force and distinctive sense of terms
   which  we  are  every day using." So, also, we speak of the difference
   between two things, as sometimes hardly appreciable. With reference to
   the  latter  of  these  (that  of  valuation  as  the result of a nice
   perception),  we  say,  "It  requires  a peculiar cast of character to
   appreciate the poetry of Wordsworth;" "He who has no delicacy himself,
   can  not  appreciate it in others;" "The thought of death is salutary,
   because  it  leads us to appreciate worldly things aright." Appreciate
   is much used in cases where something is in danger of being overlooked
   or undervalued; as when we speak of appreciating the difficulties of a
   subject,  or the risk of an undertaking. So Lord Plunket, referring to
   an  "ominous silence" which prevailed among the Irish peasantry, says,
   "If  you  knew  now  to appreciate that silence, it is more formidable
   than the most clamorous opposition." In like manner, a person who asks
   some  favor  of another is apt to say, "I trust you will appreciate my
   motives  in this request." Here we have the key to a very frequent use
   of  the  word.  It is hardly necessary to say that appreciate looks on
   the  favorable  side of things. we never speak of appreciating a man's
   faults,  but  his  merits.  This  idea  of  regarding things favorably
   appears  more  fully  in the word appreciative; as when we speak of an
   appreciative  audience,  or  an  appreciative review, meaning one that
   manifests a quick perception and a ready valuation of excellence.

                                  Appreciate

   Ap*pre"ci*ate, v. i. To rise in value. [See note under Rise, v. i.] J.
   Morse.

                                Appreciatingly

   Ap*pre"ci*a`ting*ly   (#),   adv.  In  an  appreciating  manner;  with
   appreciation.

                                 Appreciation

   Ap*pre`ci*a"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. appr\'82ciation.]

   1.  A  just  valuation  or  estimate  of  merit,  worth, weight, etc.;
   recognition of excellence.

   2.  Accurate  perception;  true estimation; as, an appreciation of the
   difficulties before us; an appreciation of colors.

     His  foreboding showed his appreciation of Henry's character. J. R.
     Green.

   3. A rise in value; -- opposed to depreciation.

                                 Appreciative

   Ap*pre"ci*a*tive   (#),   a.   Having  or  showing  a  just  or  ready
   appreciation   or   perception;   as,  an  appreciative  audience.  --
   Ap*pre"ci*a*tive*ly, adv.

                               Appreciativeness

   Ap*pre"ci*a*tive*ness,  n.  The  quality  of being appreciative; quick
   recognition of excellence.

                                  Appreciator

   Ap*pre"ci*a`tor (#), n. One who appreciates.

                                 Appreciatory

   Ap*pre"ci*a*to*ry  (#),  a.  Showing  appreciation;  appreciative; as,
   appreciatory commendation. -- Ap*pre"ci*a*to*ri*ly (#), adv. <-- p. 74
   -->

                                   Apprehend

   Ap`pre*hend"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Apprehended; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Apprehending.]  [L.  apprehendere;  ad  +  prehendere  to lay hold of,
   seize;  prae  before + -hendere (used only in comp.); akin to Gr. get:
   cf. F. appr\'82hender. See Prehensile, Get.]

   1. To take or seize; to take hold of. [Archaic]

     We have two hands to apprehended it. Jer. Taylor.

   2. Hence: To take or seize (a person) by legal process; to arrest; as,
   to apprehend a criminal.

   3. To take hold of with the understanding, that is, to conceive in the
   mind;  to  become  cognizant  of;  to  understand;  to  recognize;  to
   consider.

     This  suspicion  of  Earl Reimund, though at first but a buzz, soon
     got  a  sting  in the king's head, and he violently apprehended it.
     Fuller.

     The  eternal  laws,  such  as  the  heroic  age  apprehended  them.
     Gladstone.

   4. To know or learn with certainty. [Obs.]

     G.  You are too much distrustful of my truth. E. Then you must give
     me leave to apprehend The means and manner how. Beau. & Fl.

   5. To anticipate; esp., to anticipate with anxiety, dread, or fear; to
   fear.

     The opposition had more reason than the king to apprehend violence.
     Macaulay.

   Syn.   --   To   catch;  seize;  arrest;  detain;  capture;  conceive;
   understand;   imagine;   believe;   fear;   dread.  --  To  Apprehend,
   Comprehend. These words come into comparison as describing acts of the
   mind.  Apprehend denotes the laying hold of a thing mentally, so as to
   understand  it  clearly,  at  least  in  part.  Comprehend denotes the
   embracing  or  understanding  it in all its compass and extent. We may
   apprehended  many  truths which we do not comprehend. The very idea of
   God  supposes  that he may be apprehended, though not comprehended, by
   rational  beings.  "We  may  apprehended much of Shakespeare's aim and
   intention  in the character of Hamlet or King Lear; but few will claim
   that they have comprehended all that is embraced in these characters."
   Trench.

                                   Apprehend

   Ap`pre*hend", v. i.

   1. To think, believe, or be of opinion; to understand; to suppose.

   2. To be apprehensive; to fear.

     It is worse to apprehend than to suffer. Rowe.

                                  Apprehender

   Ap`pre*hend"er (#), n. One who apprehends.

                                Apprehensibiity

   Ap`pre*hen`si*bi"i*ty (#), n. The quality of being apprehensible. [R.]
   De Quincey.

                                 Apprehensible

   Ap`pre*hen"si*ble (#), a. [L. apprehensibilis. See Apprehend.] Capable
   of being apprehended or conceived. "Apprehensible by faith." Bp. Hall.
   -- Ap`*pre*hen"si*bly, adv.

                                 Apprehension

   Ap`pre*hen"sion  (#),  n. [L. apprehensio: cf. F. appr\'82hension. See
   Apprehend.]

   1.  The  act of seizing or taking hold of; seizure; as, the hand is an
   organ of apprehension. Sir T. Browne.

   2.  The  act  of  seizing  or taking by legal process; arrest; as, the
   felon, after his apprehension, escaped.

   3.  The  act  of  grasping  with  the  intellect; the contemplation of
   things,   without   affirming,   denying,  or  passing  any  judgment;
   intellection; perception.

     Simple   apprehension   denotes  no  more  than  the  soul's  naked
     intellection of an object. Glanvill.

   4. Opinion; conception; sentiment; idea.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th is se nse, th e wo rd of ten de notes a belief,
     founded  on sufficient evidence to give preponderation to the mind,
     but  insufficient to induce certainty; as, in our apprehension, the
     facts prove the issue.

     To  false,  and  to be thought false, is all one in respect of men,
     who act not according to truth, but apprehension. South.

   5.  The faculty by which ideas are conceived; understanding; as, a man
   of dull apprehension.

   6. Anticipation, mostly of things unfavorable; distrust or fear at the
   prospect of future evil.

     After  the  death  of his nephew Caligula, Claudius was in no small
     apprehension for his own life. Addison.

   Syn.  --  Apprehension,  Alarm.  Apprehension  springs from a sense of
   danger when somewhat remote, but approaching; alarm arises from danger
   when  announced  as  near  at  hand.  Apprehension  is calmer and more
   permanent; alarm is more agitating and transient.

                                 Apprehensive

   Ap`pre*hen"sive (#), a. [Cf. F. appr\'82hensif. See Apprehend.]

   1. Capable of apprehending, or quick to do so; apt; discerning.

     It  may  be  pardonable  to  imagine  that  a  friend,  a  kind and
     apprehensive . . . friend, is listening to our talk. Hawthorne.

   2. Knowing; conscious; cognizant. [R.]

     A man that has spent his younger years in vanity and folly, and is,
     by the grace of God, apprehensive of it. Jer. Taylor.

   3. Relating to the faculty of apprehension.

     Judgment  .  .  .  is  implied  in  every  apprehensive act. Sir W.
     Hamilton.

   4.  Anticipative  of  something  unfavorable'  fearful  of what may be
   coming; in dread of possible harm; in expectation of evil.

     Not at all apprehensive of evils as a distance. Tillotson.

     Reformers . . . apprehensive for their lives. Gladstone.

   5. Sensible; feeling; perceptive. [R.]

     Thoughts,  my  tormentors,  armed  with  deadly  stings,  Mangle my
     apprehensive, tenderest parts. Milton.

                                Apprehensively

   Ap`pre*hen"sive*ly,  adv. In an apprehensive manner; with apprehension
   of danger.

                               Apprehensiveness

   Ap`pre*hen"sive*ness, n. The quality or state of being apprehensive.

                                  Apprentice

   Ap*pren"tice  (#), n. [OE. apprentice, prentice, OF. aprentis, nom. of
   aprentif,   fr.   apprendare   to  learn,  L.  apprendere,  equiv.  to
   apprehendere,  to  take  hold  of  (by  the  mind), to comprehend. See
   Apprehend, Prentice.]

   1.  One  who  is  bound by indentures or by legal agreement to serve a
   mechanic,  or  other  person, for a certain time, with a view to learn
   the art, or trade, in which his master is bound to instruct him.

   2. One not well versed in a subject; a tyro.

   3.  (Old law) A barrister, considered a learner of law till of sixteen
   years'  standing,  when  he  might  be called to the rank of serjeant.
   [Obs.] Blackstone.

                                  Apprentice

   Ap*pren"tice,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Apprenticed;  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Apprenticing.] To bind to, or put under the care of, a master, for the
   purpose of instruction in a trade or business.

                                 Apprenticeage

   Ap*pren"tice*age, n. [F. apprentissage.] Apprenticeship. [Obs.]

                                Apprenticehood

   Ap*pren"tice*hood, n. Apprenticeship. [Obs.]

                                Apprenticeship

   Ap*pren"tice*ship, n.

   1.  The  service  or  condition of an apprentice; the state in which a
   person  is  gaining  instruction  in  a  trade  or  art,  under  legal
   agreement.

   2.  The  time an apprentice is serving (sometimes seven years, as from
   the age of fourteen to twenty-one).

                              Appressed, Apprest

   Ap*pressed",  Ap*prest",  a.  [p. p. appress, which is not in use. See
   Adpress.] (Bot.) Pressed close to, or lying against, something for its
   whole length, as against a stem, Gray.

                                    Apprise

   Ap*prise",  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Apprised; p. pr. & vb. n. Apprising.]
   [F.  appris,  fem.  apprise,  p.  p.  apprendre to learn, to teach, to
   inform. Cf. Apprehend, Apprentice.] To give notice, verbal or written;
   to  inform;  --  followed by of; as, we will apprise the general of an
   intended attack; he apprised the commander of what he had done.

                                    Apprise

   Ap*prise", n. Notice; information. [Obs.] Gower.

                                   Apprizal

   Ap*priz"al, n. See Appraisal.

                                    Apprize

   Ap*prize",  v. t. [The same as Appraise, only more accommodated to the
   English   form  of  the  L.  pretiare.]  To  appraise;  to  value;  to
   appreciate.

                                  Apprizement

   Ap*prize"ment, n. Appraisement.

                                   Apprizer

   Ap*priz"er, n.

   1. An appraiser.

   2. (Scots Law) A creditor for whom an appraisal is made. Sir W. Scott.

                                   Approach

   Ap*proach",  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Approached;  p.  pr.  &  vb. n.
   Approaching.]   [OE.   approchen,   aprochen,   OF.   approcher,   LL.
   appropriare, fr. L. ad + propiare to draw near, prope near.]

   1.  To  come  or  go  near, in place or time; to draw nigh; to advance
   nearer.

     Wherefore approached ye so nigh unto the city? 2 Sam. xi. 20.

     But  exhorting one another; and so much the more, as ye see the day
     approaching. Heb. x. 25.

   2.  To  draw  near,  in  a  figurative  sense;  to  make  advances; to
   approximate;  as,  he  approaches  to  the  character  of  the  ablest
   statesman.

                                   Approach

   Ap*proach", v. t.

   1. To bring near; to cause to draw near; to advance. [Archaic] Boyle.

   2.  To  come  near to in place, time, or character; to draw nearer to;
   as,  to approach the city; to approach my cabin; he approached the age
   of manhood.

     He  was  an  admirable  poet,  and  thought even to have approached
     Homer. Temple.

   3. (Mil.) To take approaches to.

                                   Approach

   Ap*proach", n. [Cf. F. approche. See Approach, v. i.]

   1.  The act of drawing near; a coming or advancing near. "The approach
   of summer." Horsley.

     A nearer approach to the human type. Owen.

   2. A access, or opportunity of drawing near.

     The approach to kings and principal persons. Bacon.

   3. pl. Movements to gain favor; advances.

   4.  A  way,  passage,  or  avenue by which a place or buildings can be
   approached; an access. Macaulay.

   5.  pl. (Fort.) The advanced works, trenches, or covered roads made by
   besiegers in their advances toward a fortress or military post.

   6. (Hort.) See Approaching.

                                Approachability

   Ap*proach`a*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  The  quality  of  being  approachable;
   approachableness.

                                 Approachable

   Ap*proach"a*ble  (#),  a. Capable of being approached; accessible; as,
   approachable virtue.

                               Approachableness

   Ap*proach"a*ble*ness,  n.  The quality or state of being approachable;
   accessibility.

                                  Approacher

   Ap*proach"er (#), n. One who approaches.

                                  Approaching

   Ap*proach"ing,  n.  (Hort.)  The act of ingrafting a sprig or shoot of
   one  tree  into  another, without cutting it from the parent stock; --
   called, also, inarching and grafting by approach.

                                 Approachless

   Ap*proach"less, a. Impossible to be approached.

                                 Approachment

   Ap*proach"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F. approachement.] Approach. [Archaic]
   Holland.

                                   Approbate

   Ap"pro*bate  (#),  a.  [L. approbatus, p. p. of approbare to approve.]
   Approved. [Obs.] Elyot.

                                   Approbate

   Ap"pro*bate  (#),  v.  t.  To  express  approbation of; to approve; to
   sanction officially.

     I approbate the one, I reprobate the other. Sir W. Hamilton.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is word is obsolete in England, but is occasionally
     heard  in  the  United  States,  chiefly  in  a technical sense for
     license; as, a person is approbated to preach; approbated to keep a
     public house.

   Pickering (1816).

                                  Approbation

   Ap`pro*ba"tion (#), n. [L. approbatio: cf. F. approbation. See Approve
   to prove.]

   1. Proof; attestation. [Obs.] Shak.

   2. The act of approving; an assenting to the propriety of a thing with
   some   degree   of   pleasure  or  satisfaction;  approval;  sanction;
   commendation.

     Many . . . joined in a loud hum of approbation. Macaulay.

     The silent approbation of one's own breast. Melmoth.

     Animals . . . love approbation or praise. Darwin.

   3. Probation or novitiate. [Obs.]

     This day my sister should the cloister enter, And there receive her
     approbation. Shak.

   Syn.   --   Approval;   liking;  sanction;  consent;  concurrence.  --
   Approbation,  Approval. Approbation and approval have the same general
   meaning,  assenting  to  or declaring as good, sanction, commendation;
   but  approbation is stronger and more positive. "We may be anxious for
   the  approbation  of  our friends; but we should be still more anxious
   for  the  approval  of  our  own  consciences." "He who is desirous to
   obtain  universal  approbation will learn a good lesson from the fable
   of  the  old  man and his ass." "The work has been examined by several
   excellent judges, who have expressed their unqualified approval of its
   plan and execution."

                                  Approbative

   Ap"pro*ba*tive  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F. approbatif.] Approving, or implying
   approbation. Milner.

                                Approbativeness

   Ap"pro*ba*tive*ness, n.

   1. The quality of being approbative.

   2. (Phren.) Love of approbation.

                                  Approbator

   Ap"pro*ba`tor (#), n. [L.] One who approves. [R.]

                                  Approbatory

   Ap"pro*ba`to*ry   (#),   a.   Containing  or  expressing  approbation;
   commendatory. Sheldon.

                                    Appromt

   Ap*promt"  (?; 215), v. t. [Pref. ad- + promt.] To quicken; to prompt.
   [Obs.]

     To appromt our invention. Bacon.

                                    Approof

   Ap*proof" (#), n. [See Approve, and Proof.]

   1. Trial; proof. [Archaic] Shak.

   2. Approval; commendation. Shak.

                                 Appropinquate

   Ap`pro*pin"quate   (#),   v.   i.   [L.   appropinquatus,   p.  p.  of
   appropinquare; ad + prope near.] To approach. [Archaic] Ld. Lytton.

                                Appropinquation

   Ap`pro*pin*qua"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  appropinquatio.]  A  drawing nigh;
   approach. [R.] Bp. Hall.

                                 Appropinquity

   Ap`pro*pin"qui*ty   (#),  n.  [Pref.  ad-  +  propinquity.]  Nearness;
   propinquity. [R.] J. Gregory.

                                   Appropre

   Ap*pro"pre (#), v. t. [OE. appropren, apropren, OF. approprier, fr. L.
   appropriare. See Appropriate.] To appropriate. [Obs.] Fuller.

                                 Appropriable

   Ap*pro"pri*a*ble   (#),   a.   [See  Appropriate.]  Capable  of  being
   appropriated,  set  apart,  sequestered,  or assigned exclusively to a
   particular use. Sir T. Browne.

                                 Appropriament

   Ap*pro"pri*a*ment  (#),  n.  What  is  peculiarly  one's own; peculiar
   qualification.[Obs.]

     If you can neglect Your own appropriaments. Ford.

                                  Appropriate

   Ap*pro"pri*ate  (#),  a.  [L. appropriatus, p. p. of appropriare; ad +
   propriare to appropriate, fr. proprius one's own, proper. See Proper.]
   Set apart for a particular use or person. Hence: Belonging peculiarly;
   peculiar; suitable; fit; proper.

     In its strict and appropriate meaning. Porteus.

     Appropriate acts of divine worship. Stillingfleet.

     It  is  not  at all times easy to find words appropriate to express
     our ideas. Locke.

                                  Appropriate

   Ap*pro"pri*ate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appropriated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n. Appropriating (#).]

   1. To take to one's self in exclusion of others; to claim or use as by
   an  exclusive  right;  as,  let no man appropriate the use of a common
   benefit.

   2.  To  set  apart  for,  or assign to, a particular person or use, in
   exclusion  of  all  others; -- with to or for; as, a spot of ground is
   appropriated  for  a  garden; to appropriate money for the increase of
   the navy.

   3. To make suitable; to suit. [Archaic] Paley.

   4.  (Eng.  Eccl.  Law)  To  annex,  as  a  benefice,  to  a  spiritual
   corporation, as its property. Blackstone.

                                  Appropriate

   Ap*pro"pri*ate (#), n. A property; attribute. [Obs.]

                                 Appropriately

   Ap*pro"pri*ate*ly,  adv.  In  an  appropriate or proper manner; fitly;
   properly.

                                Appropriateness

   Ap*pro"pri*ate*ness,  n.  The  state  or quality of being appropriate;
   peculiar fitness. Froude.

                                 Appropriation

   Ap*pro`pri*a"tion (#), n. [L. appropriatio: cf. F. appropriation.]

   1.  The  act  of  setting  apart  or  assigning to a particular use or
   person,  or  of  taking  to  one's  self,  in exclusion of all others;
   application to a special use or purpose, as of a piece of ground for a
   park, or of money to carry out some object.

   2. Anything, especially money, thus set apart.

     The Commons watched carefully over the appropriation. Macaulay.

   3.  (Law)  (a)  The  severing  or  sequestering  of  a benefice to the
   perpetual   use  of  a  spiritual  corporation.  Blackstone.  (b)  The
   application of payment of money by a debtor to his creditor, to one of
   several debts which are due from the former to the latter. Chitty.

                                 Appropriative

   Ap*pro"pri*a*tive  (#),  a.  Appropriating;  making,  or  tending  to,
   appropriation; as, an appropriative act. -- Ap*pro"pri*a*tive*ness, n.

                                 Appropriator

   Ap*pro"pri*a`tor (#), n.

   1. One who appropriates.

   2.   (Law)  A  spiritual  corporation  possessed  of  an  appropriated
   benefice; also, an impropriator.

                                  Approvable

   Ap*prov"a*ble  (#),  a.  Worthy  of  being  approved;  meritorious. --
   Ap*prov"a*ble*ness, n.

                                   Approval

   Ap*prov"al (#), n. Approbation; sanction.

     A censor . . . without whose approval nTemple.

   Syn. -- See Approbation.

                                  Approvance

   Ap*prov"ance (#), n. Approval. [Archaic] Thomson.

                                    Approve

   Ap*prove"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Approved (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Approving.]   [OE.  aproven,  appreven,  to  prove,  OF.  aprover,  F.
   approuver,  to  approve,  fr.  L. approbare; ad + probare to esteem as
   good, approve, prove. See Prove, and cf. Approbate.]

   1. To show to be real or true; to prove. [Obs.]

     Wouldst  thou  approve  thy constancy? Approve First thy obedience.
     Milton.

   2. To make proof of; to demonstrate; to prove or show practically.

     Opportunities to approve . . . worth. Emerson.

     He had approved himself a great warrior. Macaulay.

     'T is an old lesson; Time approves it true. Byron.

     His account . . . approves him a man of thought. Parkman.

   3.  To  sanction officially; to ratify; to confirm; as, to approve the
   decision of a court-martial.

   4.  To  regard  as good; to commend; to be pleased with; to think well
   of; as, we approve the measured of the administration.

   5. To make or show to be worthy of approbation or acceptance.

     The first care and concern must be to approve himself to God. Rog

     NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd, wh en it signifies to be pleased with, to
     think favorably (of), is often followed by of.

     They had not approved of the deposition of James. Macaulay.

     They approved of the political institutions. W. Black.

   <-- p. 75 -->

                                    Approve

   Ap*prove" (#), v. t. [OF. aprouer; (L. ad) + a form apparently derived
   fr.  the pro, prod, in L. prodest it is useful or profitable, properly
   the  preposition  pro for. Cf. Improve.] (Eng. Law) To make profit of;
   to  convert  to  one's  own  profit; said esp. of waste or common land
   appropriated by the lord of the manor.

                                  Approvedly

   Ap*prov"ed*ly  (#),  adv.  So as to secure approbation; in an approved
   manner.

                                  Approvement

   Ap*prove"ment (#), n. [Obs.]

   1. Approbation.

     I did nothing without your approvement. Hayward.

   2. (Eng. Law) a confession of guilt by a prisoner charged with treason
   or  felony, together with an accusation of his accomplish and a giving
   evidence  against  them in order to obtain his own pardon. The term is
   no  longer  in  use;  it  corresponded to what is now known as turning
   king's  (or  queen's) evidence in England, and state's evidence in the
   United States. Burrill. Bouvier.

                                  Approvement

   Ap*prove"ment,  n.  (Old  Eng.  Law)  Improvement  of common lands, by
   inclosing  and  converting  them  to  the  uses  of  husbandry for the
   advantage of the lord of the manor. Blackstone.

                                   Approver

   Ap*prov"er (#), n.

   1. One who approves. Formerly, one who made proof or trial.

   2. An informer; an accuser. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   3.  (Eng.  Law) One who confesses a crime and accuses another. See 1st
   Approvement, 2.

                                   Approver

   Ap*prov"er,  n.  [See  2d  Approve,  v.  t.]  (Eng.  Law) A bailiff or
   steward; an agent. [Obs.] Jacobs.

                                   Approving

   Ap*prov"ing,  a.  Expressing approbation; commending; as, an approving
   smile. -- Ap*prov"ing*ly, adv.

                                  Approximate

   Ap*prox"i*mate  (#),  a.  [L.  approximatus,  p.  p. of approximare to
   approach; ad + proximare to come near. See Proximate.]

   1. Approaching; proximate; nearly resembling.

   2.  Near  correctness;  nearly  exact;  not  perfectly  accurate;  as,
   approximate results or values.
   Approximate  quantities  (Math.),  those  which  are  nearly, but not,
   equal.

                                  Approximate

   Ap*prox"i*mate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Approximated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n. Approximating.]

   1. To carry or advance near; to cause to approach.

     To  approximate  the  inequality  of riches to the level of nature.
     Burke.

   2. To come near to; to approach.

     The telescope approximates perfection. J. Morse.

                                  Approximate

   Ap*prox"i*mate, v. i. To draw; to approach.

                                 Approximately

   Ap*prox"i*mate*ly  (#), adv. With approximation; so as to approximate;
   nearly.

                                 Approximation

   Ap*prox`i*ma"tion (#). n. [Cf. F. approximation, LL. approximatio.]

   1.  The  act  of  approximating;  a  drawing, advancing or being near;
   approach; also, the result of approximating.

     The  largest  capacity  and  the most noble dispositions are but an
     approximation  to  the  proper  standard and true symmetry of human
     nature. I. Taylor.

   2.  An  approach to a correct estimate, calculation, or conception, or
   to a given quantity, quality, etc.

   3.  (Math.) (a) A continual approach or coming nearer to a result; as,
   to  solve an equation by approximation. (b) A value that is nearly but
   not exactly correct.

                                 Approximative

   Ap*prox"i*ma*tive   (#),   a.   [Cf.  F.  approximatif.]  Approaching;
   approximate.  -- Ap*prox"i*ma*tive*ly, adv. -- Ap*prox"i*ma*tive*ness,
   n.

                                 Approximator

   Ap*prox"i*ma`tor (#), n. One who, or that which, approximates.

                                     Appui

   Ap`pui"  (#),  n.  [F.,  fr. L. ad + podium foothold, Gr. A support or
   supporter; a stay; a prop. [Obs.]

     If a be to climb trees that are of any great height, there would be
     stays and appuies set to it. Holland.

   Point  d'appui (#). [F., a point of support.] (Mil.) (a) A given point
   or body, upon which troops are formed, or by which are marched in line
   or column. (b) An advantageous defensive support, as a castle, morass,
   wood, declivity, etc.

                                    Appulse

   Ap"pulse  (?; 277), n. [L. appulsus, fr. appellere, appulsum, to drive
   to; ad + pellere to drive: cf. F. appulse.]

   1.  A  driving or running towards; approach; impulse; also, the act of
   striking against.

     In all consonants there is an appulse of the organs. Holder.

   2.  (Astron.) The near approach of one heavenly body to another, or to
   the  meridian;  a coming into conjunction; as, the appulse of the moon
   to a star, or of a star to the meridian.

                                   Appulsion

   Ap*pul"sion (#), n. A driving or striking against; an appulse.

                                   Appulsive

   Ap*pul"sive  (#),  a.  Striking  against; impinging; as, the appulsive
   influence of the planets. P. Cyc.

                                  Appulsively

   Ap*pul"sive*ly, adv. By appulsion.

                                 Appurtenance

   Ap*pur"te*nance   (#),   n.   [OF.   apurtenaunce,   apartenance,   F.
   appartenance,  LL. appartenentia, from L. appertinere. See Appertain.]
   That  which  belongs  to  something else; an adjunct; an appendage; an
   accessory;  something  annexed to another thing more worthy; in common
   parlance  and  legal acceptation, something belonging to another thing
   as  principal,  and which passes as incident to it, as a right of way,
   or  other easement to land; a right of common to pasture, an outhouse,
   barn,  garden,  or  orchard, to a house or messuage. In a strict legal
   sense,  land  can  never  pass  as  an  appurtenance to land. Tomlins.
   Bouvier. Burrill.

     Globes . . . provided as appurtenances to astronomy. Bacon.

     The structure of the eye, and of its appurtenances. Reid.

                                  Appurtenant

   Ap*pur"te*nant  (#),  a.  [F.  appartenant,  p. pr. of appartenir. See
   Appurtenance.]  Annexed  or  pertaining  to some more important thing;
   accessory;  incident;  as,  a  right  of  way  appurtenant  to land or
   buildings. Blackstone. Common appurtenatn. (Law) See under Common, n.

                                  Appurtenant

   Ap*pur"te*nant,  n,  Something  which belongs or appertains to another
   thing; an appurtenance.

     Mysterious appurtenants and symbols of redemption. Coleridge.

                                   Apricate

   Ap"ri*cate  (#),  v.  t.  &  i.  [L. apricatus, p. p. of apricare, fr.
   apricus  exposed to the sun, fr. aperire to uncover, open.] To bask in
   the sun. Boyle.

                                  Aprication

   Ap`ri*ca"tion, n. Basking in the sun. [R.]

                                    Apricot

   A"pri*cot,  n. [OE. apricock, abricot, F. abricot, fr. Sp. albaricoque
   or  Pg. albricoque, fr. Ar. albirq, al-burq. Though the E. and F. form
   abricot is derived from the Arabic through the Spanish, yet the Arabic
   word  itself  was formed from the Gr. praecoquus, praecox, early ripe.
   The  older  E.  form  apricock  was  prob.  taken  direct from Pg. See
   Precocious,  Cook.]  (Bot.)  A  fruit allied to the plum, of an orange
   color,  oval  shape,  and  delicious  taste;  also,  the  tree (Prunus
   Armeniaca of Linn\'91us) which bears this fruit. By cultivation it has
   been introduced throughout the temperate zone.

                                     April

   A"pril  (#),  n.  [L.  Aprilis.  OE.  also  Averil,  F.  Avril, fr. L.
   Aprilis.]

   1. The fourth month of the year.

   2.  Fig.:  With reference to April being the month in which vegetation
   begins to put forth, the variableness of its weather, etc.

     The April's her eyes; it is love's spring. Shak.

   April  fool, one who is sportively imposed upon by others on the first
   day of April.

                                   A priori

   A` pri*o"ri (#). [L. a (ab) + prior former.]

   1.  (Logic)  Characterizing  that  kind  of  reasoning  which  deduces
   consequences  from definitions formed, or principles assumed, or which
   infers effects from causes previously known; deductive or deductively.
   The reverse of a posteriori.

   3.   (Philos.)  Applied  to  knowledge  and  conceptions  assumed,  or
   presupposed,  as  prior  to  experience,  in  order to make experience
   rational or possible.

     A  priori,  that is, form these necessities of the mind or forms of
     thinking,  which,  though  first revealed to us by experience, must
     yet  have  pre\'89xisted  in  order  to  make  experience possible.
     Coleridge.

                                   Apriorism

   A`pri*o"rism (#), n. [Cf. F. apriorisme.] An a priori principle.

                                   Apriority

   A`pri*or"i*ty  (#),  n.  The  quality  of being innate in the mind, or
   prior to experience; a priori reasoning.

                                    Aprocta

   A*proc"ta  (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of Turbellaria
   in which there is no anal aperture.

                                   Aproctous

   A*proc"tous (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Without an anal office.

                                     Apron

   A"pron (?; 277), n. [OE. napron, OF. naperon, F. napperon, dim. of OF.
   nape,  F.  nappe,  cloth,  tablecloth, LL. napa, fr. L. mappa, napkin,
   table napkin. See Map.]

   1. An article of dress, of cloth, leather, or other stuff, worn on the
   fore  part of the body, to keep the clothes clean, to defend them from
   injury, or as a covering. It is commonly tied at the waist by strings.

   2.  Something which by its shape or use suggests an apron; as, (a) The
   fat  skin  covering  the  belly  of  a  goose  or  duck.  [Prov. Eng.]
   Halliwell.  (b)  A  piece  of leather, or other material, to be spread
   before  a person riding on an outside seat of a vehicle, to defend him
   from  the  rain, snow, or dust; a boot. "The weather being too hot for
   the  apron." Hughes. (c) (Gun.) A leaden plate that covers the vent of
   a  cannon. (d) (Shipbuilding) A piece of carved timber, just above the
   foremost  end  of  the  keel.  Totten.  (e) A platform, or flooring of
   plank,  at  the  entrance  of a dock, against which the dock gates are
   shut.  (f) A flooring of plank before a dam to cause the water to make
   a  gradual  descent. (g) (Mech.) The piece that holds the cutting tool
   of  a planer. (h) (Plumbing) A strip of lead which leads the drip of a
   wall into a gutter; a flashing. (i) (Zo\'94l.) The infolded abdomen of
   a crab.

                                    Aproned

   A"proned (#), a. Wearing an apron.

     A cobbler aproned, and a parson gowned. Pope.

                                   Apronful

   A"pron*ful (#), n.; pl. Apronfuls (#). The quality an apron can hold.

                                   Apronless

   A"pron*less, a. Without an apron.

                                   Apron man

   A"pron man` (#). A man who wears an apron; a laboring man; a mechanic.
   [Obs.] Shak.

                                 Apron string

   A"pron  string` (#). The string of an apron. To be tied to a wife's or
   mother's apron strings, to be unduly controlled by a wife or mother.

     He  was  so  made  that he could not submit to be tied to the apron
     strings even of the best of wives. Macaulay.

                                    Aprosos

   Ap"ro*sos` (#), a. & adv. [F. ad) + propos purpose, L. proposium plan,
   purpose, fr. proponere to propose. See Propound.]

   1. Opportunely or opportune; seasonably or seasonable.

     A tale extremely apropos. Pope.

   2.  By the way; to the purpose; suitably to the place or subject; -- a
   word  used  to  introduce  an  incidental  observation,  suited to the
   occasion, though not strictly belonging to the narration.

                                     Apse

   Apse (#), n.; pl. Apses (#). [See Apsis.]

   1.  (Arch.)  (a)  A  projecting  part of a building, esp. of a church,
   having  in the plan a polygonal or semicircular termination, and, most
   often,  projecting  from  the  east end. In early churches the Eastern
   apse  was  occupied by seats for the bishop and clergy. Hence: (b) The
   bishop's seat or throne, in ancient churches.

   2. A reliquary, or case in which the relics of saints were kept.

     NOTE: &hand; This word is also written apsis and absis.

                                    Apsidal

   Ap"si*dal (#), a.

   1. (Astron.) Of or pertaining to the apsides of an orbit.

   2.  (Arch.)  Of or pertaining to the apse of a church; as, the apsidal
   termination of the chancel.

                                    Apsides

   Ap"si*des (#), n. pl. See Apsis.

                                     Apsis

   Ap"sis (#), n.; pl. Apsides (#). See Apse. [L. apsis, absis, Gr.

   1.  (Astron.)  One  of  the  two points of an orbit, as of a planet or
   satellite,  which  are  at  the  greatest  and least distance from the
   central  body,  corresponding  to  the  aphelion  and  perihelion of a
   planet,  or to the apogee and perigee of the moon. The more distant is
   called  the  higher  apsis;  the  other, the lower apsis; and the line
   joining them, the line of apsides.

   2.  (Math.) In a curve referred to polar co\'94rdinates, any point for
   which the radius vector is a maximum or minimum.

   3. (Arch.) Same as Apse.

                                      Apt

   Apt  (#), a [F. apte, L. aptus, fr. obsolete apere to fasten, to join,
   to  fit,  akin  to  apisci  to reach, attain: cf. Gr. \'bepta fit, fr.
   \'bep to reach attain.]

   1. Fit or fitted; suited; suitable; appropriate.

     They have always apt instruments. Burke.

     A river . . . apt to be forded by a lamb. Jer. Taylor.

   2.  Having  an habitual tendency; habitually liable or likely; -- used
   of things.

     My  vines  and  peaches . . . were apt to have a soot or smuttiness
     upon their leaves and fruit. Temple.

     This tree, if unprotected, is apt to be stripped of the leaves by a
     leaf-cutting ant. Lubbock.

   3. Inclined; disposed customarily; given; ready; -- used of persons.

     Apter to give than thou wit be to ask. Beau. & Fl.

     That  lofty  pity  with  which  prosperous folk are apt to remember
     their grandfathers. F. Harrison.

   4.  Ready;  especially fitted or qualified (to do something); quick to
   learn;  prompt;  expert; as, a pupil apt to learn; an apt scholar. "An
   apt wit." Johnson.

     Live a thousand years, I shall not find myself so apt to die. Shak.

     I find thee apt . . . Now, Hamlet, hear. Shak.

   Syn.  --  Fit;  meet; suitable; qualified; inclined; disposed; liable;
   ready; quick; prompt.

                                      Apt

   Apt,  v. t. [L. aptare. See Aptate.] To fit; to suit; to adapt. [Obs.]
   " To apt their places." B. Jonson.

     That our speech be apted to edification. Jer. Taylor.

                                    Aptable

   Apt"a*ble  (#),  a.  [LL.  aptabilis, fr. L. aptare.] Capable of being
   adapted. [Obs.] Sherwood.

                                    Aptate

   Ap"tate  (#),  v.  t.  [L. aptatus, p. p. of aptare. See Apt.] To make
   fit. [Obs.] Bailey

                                    Aptera

   Ap"te*ra  (#),  n. pl. [NL. aptera, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Insects without
   wings,  constituting  the  seventh  Linn\'91n  order  of  insects,  an
   artificial  group,  which  included Crustacea, spiders, centipeds, and
   even  worms.  These animals are now placed in several distinct classes
   and orders.

                                    Apteral

   Ap"ter*al (#), a.

   1. (Zo\'94l.) Apterous.

   2. (Arch.) Without lateral columns; -- applied to buildings which have
   no  series  of  columns  along their sides, but are either prostyle or
   amphiprostyle, and opposed to peripteral. R. Cyc.

                                    Apteran

   Ap"ter*an (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Aptera.

                                    Apteria

   Ap*te"ri*a  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.  See  Aptera.] (Zo\'94l.) Naked spaces
   between the feathered areas of birds. See Pteryli\'91.

                                   Apterous

   Ap"ter*ous (#), a.

   1. (Zo\'94l.) Destitute of wings; apteral; as, apterous insects.

   2.  (Bot.)  Destitute  of winglike membranous expansions, as a stem or
   petiole; -- opposed to atate.

                                   Apteryges

   Ap*ter"y*ges  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL. See Apteryx.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of
   birds, including the genus Apteryx.

                                    Apteryx

   Ap"te*ryx  (#),  n.  [Gr.  Aptera.]  (Zo\'94l.) A genus of New Zealand
   birds  about  the  size  of a hen, with only short rudiments of wings,
   armed  with  a  claw and without a tail; the kiwi. It is allied to the
   gigantic extinct moas of the same country. Five species are known.

                                   Aptitude

   Apt"i*tude  (#), n. [F. aptitude, LL. aptitudo, fr. L. aptus. See Apt,
   and cf. Attitude.]

   1.  A  natural  or  acquired  disposition or capacity for a particular
   purpose,  or tendency to a particular action or effect; as, oil has an
   aptitude to burn.

     He  seems  to  have  had  a peculiar aptitude for the management of
     irregular troops. Macaulay.

   2. A general fitness or suitableness; adaptation.

     That  sociable and helpful aptitude which God implanted between man
     and woman. Milton.

   3. Readiness in learning; docility; aptness.

     He was a boy of remarkable aptitude. Macaulay.

                                  Aptitudinal

   Apt`i*tu"di*nal (#), a. Suitable; fit. [Obs.]

                                     Aptly

   Apt"ly  (#),  adv.  In  an  apt  or  suitable manner; fitly; properly;
   pertinently; appropriately; readily.

                                    Aptness

   Apt"ness, n.

   1.  Fitness;  suitableness; appropriateness; as, the aptness of things
   to their end.

     The aptness of his quotations. J. R. Green.

   <-- p. 76 -->

   2.  Disposition  of  the  mind;  propensity; as, the aptness of men to
   follow example.

   3.  Quickness of apprehension; readiness in learning; docility; as, an
   aptness to learn is more observable in some children than in others.

   4. Proneness; tendency; as, the aptness of iron to rust.

                                    Aptote

   Ap"tote  (#),  n.  [L.  aptotum,  Gr.  (Gram.)  A  noun  which  has no
   distinction of cases; an indeclinable noun.

                                    Aptotic

   Ap*tot"ic  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to,  or  characterized  by,  aptotes;
   uninflected; as, aptotic languages.

                                   Aptychus

   Ap"ty*chus  (#),  n.  [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A shelly plate found in
   the  terminal  chambers of ammonite shells. Some authors consider them
   to be jaws; others, opercula.

                                     Apus

   A"pus  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  Apode,  n.]  (Zo\'94l.)  A  genus of
   fresh-water phyllopod crustaceans. See Phyllopod.

                                   Apyretic

   Ap`y*ret"ic  (#), a. [Pref. a not + pyretic.] (Med.) Without fever; --
   applied to days when there is an intermission of fever. Dunglison.

                               Apyrexia, Apyrexy

   Ap`y*rex"i*a (#), Ap`y*rex`y (#), n. [NL. apyrexia, fr. Gr. apyrexie.]
   (Med.) The absence or intermission of fever.

                                   Apyrexial

   Ap`y*rex"i*al  (#), a. (Med.) Relating to apyrexy. "Apyrexial period."
   Brande & C.

                                    Apyrous

   Ap"y*rous  (#),  a. [Gr. Incombustible; capable of sustaining a strong
   heat without alteration of form or properties.

                                     Aqua

   A"qua  (#),  n.  [L. See Ewer.] Water; -- a word much used in pharmacy
   and  the  old  chemistry,  in various signification, determined by the
   word  or  words  annexed.  Aqua  ammoni\'91,  the  aqueous solution of
   ammonia;  liquid  ammonia;  often  called aqua ammonia. -- Aqua marine
   (#),  or  Aqua marina (#). Same as Aquamarine. -- Aqua regia (#). [L.,
   royal water] (Chem.), a very corrosive fuming yellow liquid consisting
   of nitric and hydrochloric acids. It has the power of dissolving gold,
   the "royal" metal. -- Aqua Tofana (#), a fluid containing arsenic, and
   used  for  secret poisoning, made by an Italian woman named Tofana, in
   the middle of the 17th century, who is said to have poisoned more than
   600  persons. Francis. -- Aqua vit\'91 (#) [L., water of life. Cf. Eau
   de  vie,  Usquebaugh],  a  name  given to brandy and some other ardent
   spirits. Shak.

                                  Aqua fortis

   A`qua for"tis (#). [L., strong water.] (Chem.) Nitric acid. [Archaic]

                                  Aquamarine

   A`qua*ma*rine"  (#),  n.  (Min.)  A transparent, pale green variety of
   beryl, used as a gem. See Beryl.

                                 Aquapuncture

   A`qua*punc"ture  (#), n. [L. aqua water, + punctura puncture, pungere,
   punctum,  to,  prick.] (Med.) The introduction of water subcutaneously
   for the relief of pain.

                                   Aquarelle

   Aq`ua*relle"  (#),  n.  [F.,  fr. Ital acquerello, fr. acqua water, L.
   aqua.]  A  design  or painting in thin transparent water colors; also,
   the mode of painting in such colors.

                                  Aquarellist

   Aq`ua*rel"list (#), n. A painter in thin transparent water colors.

                              Aquarial, Aquarian

   A*qua"ri*al (#), A*qua"ri*an (#), a. Of or pertaining to an aquarium.

                                   Aquarian

   A*qua"ri*an,  n.  [L. (assumed) Aquarianus, fr. aqua: cf. F. Aquarien.
   See  Aqua.]  (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of Christian in the primitive
   church who used water instead of wine in the Lord's Supper.

                                   Aquarium

   A*qua"ri*um  (#),  n.;  pl.  E. Aquariums (#), L. Aquaria (#). [L. See
   Aquarius,  Ewer.] An artificial pond, or a globe or tank (usually with
   glass  sides),  in which living specimens of aquatic animals or plants
   are kept.

                                   Aquarius

   A*qua"ri*us  (#),  n. [L. aquarius, adj., relating to water, and n., a
   water-carrier,  fr.  aqua.  See Aqua.] (Astron.) (a) The Water-bearer;
   the  eleventh  sign in the zodiac, which the sun enters about the 20th
   of  January;  -- so called from the rains which prevail at that season
   in Italy and the East. (b) A constellation south of Pegasus.

                                    Aquatic

   A*quat"ic  (#),  a.  [L.  aquaticus:  cf.  F.  aquatique.  See  Aqua.]
   Pertaining  to  water  growing  in  water;  living in, swimming in, or
   frequenting the margins of waters; as, aquatic plants and fowls.

                                    Aquatic

   A*quat`ic, n.

   1. An aquatic animal or plant.

   2. pl. Sports or exercises practiced in or on the water.

                                   Aquatical

   A*quat"ic*al (#), a. Aquatic. [R.]

                                   Aquatile

   Aq"ua*tile  (#),  a.  [L.  aquatilis: cf. F. aquatile.] Inhabiting the
   water. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

                              Aquatint, Aquatinta

   A"qua*tint (#), A`qua*tin"ta (#), n. [It. acquatinta dyed water; acqua
   (L.  aqua)  water  +  tinto,  fem.  tinta,  dyed. See Tint.] A kind of
   etching in which spaces are bitten by the use of aqua fortis, by which
   an  effect  is  produced resembling a drawing in water colors or India
   ink; also, the engraving produced by this method.

                                   Aqueduct

   Aq"ue*duct  (#),  n.  [F.  aqueduc,  OF.  aqueduct  (Cotgr.),  fr.  L.
   aquaeductus;  aquae,  gen. of aqua water + ductus a leading, ducere to
   lead. See Aqua, Duke.]

   1.  A  conductor,  conduit, or artificial channel for conveying water,
   especially one for supplying large cities with water.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm is  also applied to a structure (similar to
     the  ancient  aqueducts),  for  conveying  a  canal over a river or
     hollow; more properly called an aqueduct bridge.

   2.  (Anat.) A canal or passage; as, the aqueduct of Sylvius, a channel
   connecting the third and fourth ventricles of the brain.

                                    Aqueity

   A*que"i*ty (#), n. Wateriness. [Obs.]

                                    Aqueous

   A"que*ous  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  aqueux, L. aquosus, fr. aqua. See Aqua,
   Aquose.]

   1. Partaking of the nature of water, or abounding with it; watery.

     The aqueous vapor of the air. Tyndall.

   2. Made from, or by means of, water.

     An aqueous deposit. Dana.

   Aqueous  extract,  an  extract  obtained from a vegetable substance by
   steeping  it in water. -- Aqueous humor (Anat.), one the humors of the
   eye;  a limpid fluid, occupying the space between the crystalline lens
   and  the  cornea. (See Eye.) -- Aqueous rocks (Geol.), those which are
   deposited  from water and lie in strata, as opposed to volcanic rocks,
   which are of igneous origin; -- called also sedimentary rocks.
   
                                  Aqueousness
                                       
   A`que*ous*ness, n. Wateriness.
   
                                  Aquiferous
                                       
   A*quif"er*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  aqua  water  +  -ferous.]  Consisting or
   conveying  water  or  a  watery  fluid;  as,  aquiferous  vessels; the
   aquiferous system.
   
                                   Aquiform
                                       
   A"qui*form (#), a. [L. aqua water + -form.] Having the form of water. 

                                    Aquila

   Aq"ui*la (#), n; pl. Aquil\'91 (#). [L., an eagle.]

   1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of eagles.

   2.  (Astron.)  A northern constellation southerly from Lyra and Cygnus
   and preceding the Dolphin; the Eagle.
   Aquila alba [L., white eagle], an alchemical name of calomel. Brande &
   C.

                                   Aquilated

   Aq"ui*la`ted (#), a. (Her.) Adorned with eagles' heads.

                                   Aquiline

   Aq"ui*line  (?;  277),  a.  [L.  aquilinus,  fr.  aquila eagle: cf. F.
   aquilin. See Eagle. ]

   1. Belonging to or like an eagle.

   2.  Curving;  hooked; prominent, like the beak of an eagle; -- applied
   particularly to the nose

     Terribly arched and aquiline his nose. Cowper.

                                    Aquilon

   Aq"ui*lon (#), n. [L. aquilo, -lonis: cf. F. aquilon.] The north wind.
   [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Aquiparous

   A*quip"a*rous  (#), a. [L. aqua water + parere to bring forth.] (Med.)
   Secreting water; -- applied to certain glands. Dunglison.

                                  Aquitanian

   Aq`ui*ta"ni*an  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to Aquitania, now called
   Gascony.

                                    Aquose

   A*quose"  (#),  a.  [L.  aquosus watery, fr. aqua. See Aqua, Aqueous.]
   Watery; aqueous. [R.] Bailey.

                                   Aquosity

   A*quos"i*ty  (#),  n.  [LL.  aquositas.] The condition of being wet or
   watery; wateriness. Huxley.

     Very little water or aquosity is found in their belly. Holland.

                                      Ar

   Ar (#), conj. Ere; before. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                      Ara

   A"ra (#), n. [L.] (Astron.) The Altar; a southern constellation, south
   of the tail of the Scorpion.

                                      Ara

   A"ra (#), n. [Native Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) A name of the great blue
   and yellow macaw (Ara ararauna), native of South America.

                                     Arab

   Ar"ab  (?;  277),  n.  [Prob. ultimately fr. Heb. arabah a desert, the
   name  employed,  in  the  Old  Testament,  to denote the valley of the
   Jordan  and Dead Sea. Ar. Arab, Heb. arabi, arbi, arbim: cf. F. Arabe,
   L.  Arabs, Gr. One of a swarthy race occupying Arabia, and numerous in
   Syria,  Northern  Africa, etc. Street Arab, a homeless vagabond in the
   streets of a city, particularly and outcast boy or girl. Tylor.

     The  ragged  outcasts  and  street  Arabs who are shivering in damp
     doorways. Lond. Sat. Rev.

                                   Arabesque

   Ar`a*besque" (#), n. [F. arabesque, fr. It. arabesco, fr. Arabo Arab.]
   A  style  of  ornamentation  either  painted, inlaid, or carved in low
   relief.  It  consists  of  a pattern in which plants, fruits, foliage,
   etc.,  as  well  as figures of men and animals, real or imaginary, are
   fantastically interlaced or put together.

     NOTE: &hand; It  wa s employed in Roman imperial ornamentation, and
     appeared,  without  the  animal  figures,  in  Moorish  and  Arabic
     decorative  art.  (See Moresque.) The arabesques of the Renaissance
     were founded on Greco-Roman work.

                                   Arabesque

   Ar`a*besque", a.

   1. Arabian. [Obs.]

   2. Relating to, or exhibiting, the style of ornament called arabesque;
   as, arabesque frescoes.

                                  Arabesqued

   Ar`a*besqued" (#), a. Ornamented in the style of arabesques.

                                    Arabian

   A*ra"bi*an  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining to Arabia or its inhabitants.
   Arabian bird, the phenix. Shak.

                                    Arabian

   A*ra"bi*an, n. A native of Arabia; an Arab.

                                    Arabic

   Ar"a*bic (#), a. [L. Arabicus, fr. Arabia.] Of or pertaining to Arabia
   or the Arabians. Arabic numerals or figures, the nine digits, 1, 2, 3,
   etc., and the cipher 0. -- Gum arabic. See under Gum.

                                    Arabic

   Ar"a*bic, n. The language of the Arabians.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e Ar abic is  a  Se mitic la nguage, al lied to the
     Hebrew. It is very widely diffused, being the language in which all
     Mohammedans  must  read  the  Koran,  and is spoken as a vernacular
     tongue in Arabia, Syria, and Northern Africa.

                                   Arabical

   A*rab"ic*al  (#),  a.  Relating  to Arabia; Arabic. -- A*rab"ic*al*ly,
   adv.

                                    Arabin

   Ar"a*bin (#), n.

   1.  (Chem.) A carbohydrate, isomeric with cane sugar, contained in gum
   arabic, from which it is extracted as a white, amorphous substance.

   2. Mucilage, especially that made of gum arabic.

                                   Arabinose

   Ar"a*bin*ose`  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  A  sugar of the composition C5H10O5,
   obtained from cherry gum by boiling it with dilute sulphuric acid.

                                    Arabism

   Ar"a*bism  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F. Arabisme.] An Arabic idiom peculiarly of
   language. Stuart.

                                    Arabist

   Ar`a*bist  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F. Arabiste.] One well versed in the Arabic
   language  or  literature;  also, formerly, one who followed the Arabic
   system of surgery.

                                    Arable

   Ar"a*ble  (#),  a. [F. arable, L. arabilis, fr. arare to plow, akin to
   Gr.  ear, to plow. See Earable.] Fit for plowing or tillage; -- hence,
   often applied to land which has been plowed or tilled.

                                    Arable

   Ar"a*ble, n. Arable land; plow land.

                                     Araby

   Ar"a*by (#), n. The country of Arabia. [Archaic & Poetic]

                                   Aracanese

   Ar`a*ca*nese"  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  Aracan, a province of
   British Burmah. -- n. sing. & pl. A native or natives of Aracan.

Ara A`ra* (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) A South American bird, of the genus Pleroglossius,
               allied to the toucans. There are several species.

                                     Arace

   A*race"  (#),  v.  t.  [OE. aracen, arasen, OF. arachier, esracier, F.
   arracher,  fr. L. exradicare, eradicare. The prefix a- is perh. due to
   L.  ab.  See Eradicate.] To tear up by the roots; to draw away. [Obs.]
   Wyatt.

                                   Araceous

   A*ra"ceous  (#),  a.  [L. arum a genus of plants, fr. Gr. (Bot.) Of or
   pertaining to an order of plants, of which the genus Arum is the type.

                                   Arachnid

   A*rach"nid (#), n. An arachnidan. Huxley.

                                   Arachnida

   A*rach"ni*da  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the classes
   of Arthropoda. See Illustration in Appendix.

     NOTE: &hand; They have four pairs of legs, no antenn\'91 nor wings,
     a  pair of mandibles, and one pair of maxill\'91 or palpi. The head
     is  usually consolidated with the thorax. The respiration is either
     by tranche\'91 or by pulmonary sacs, or by both. The class includes
     three   principal   orders:  Araneina,  or  spiders;  Arthrogastra,
     including scorpions, etc.; and Acarina, or mites and ticks.

                                  Arachnidan

   A*rach"ni*dan (#), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Arachnida.

                                  Arachnidial

   Ar`ach*nid"i*al  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.)  (a)  Of  or  pertaining  to the
   Arachnida. (b) Pertaining to the arachnidium.

                                  Arachnidium

   Ar`ach*nid"i*um  (#), n. [NL. See Arachnida.] (Zo\'94l.) The glandular
   organ in which the material for the web of spiders is secreted.

                                  Arachnitis

   Ar`ach*ni"tis  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Med.)  Inflammation  of  the arachnoid
   membrane.

                                   Arachnoid

   A*rach"noid (#), a. [Gr.

   1. Resembling a spider's web; cobweblike.

   2. (Anat.) Pertaining to a thin membrane of the brain and spinal cord,
   between the dura mater and pia mater.

   3.  (Bot.)  Covered with, or composed of, soft, loose hairs or fibers,
   so as to resemble a cobweb; cobwebby.

                                   Arachnoid

   A*rach"noid, n.

   1. (Anat.) The arachnoid membrane.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Arachnoidea.

                                  Arachnoidal

   Ar`ach*noid"al  (#),  a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the arachnoid membrane;
   arachnoid.

                                  Arachnoidea

   Ar`ach*noid"e*a (#), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Arachnida.

                                Arachnological

   A*rach`no*log"ic*al (#), a. Of or pertaining to arachnology.

                                 Arachnologist

   Ar`ach*nol"o*gist   (#),   n.  One  who  is  versed  in,  or  studies,
   arachnology.

                                  Arachnology

   Ar`ach*nol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -logy.]  The department of zo\'94logy
   which treats of spiders and other Arachnida.

                                 Ar\'91ometer

   A`r\'91*om"e*ter (?; 277). See Areometer.

                                 Ar\'91ostyle

   A*r\'91"o*style  (#),  a.  &  n.  [L.  araeostylos,  Gr.  (Arch.)  See
   Intercolumniation.

                                Ar\'91osystyle

   A*r\'91`o*sys"tyle   (#),   a.   &   n.  [Gr.  Systyle.]  (Arch.)  See
   Intercolumniation.

                                   Aragonese

   Ar`a*go*nese  (#),  a. Of or pertaining to Aragon, in Spain, or to its
   inhabitants.  --  n.  sing.  &  pl.  A native or natives of Aragon, in
   Spain.

                                   Aragonite

   A*rag"o*nite  (#),  n.  [From  Aragon,  in  Spain.]  (Min.)  A mineral
   identical  in  composition  with  calcite  or  carbonate  of lime, but
   differing  from  it  in  its crystalline form and some of its physical
   characters.

                                   Araguato

   A`ra*gua"to (#), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A South American monkey,
   the ursine howler (Mycetes ursinus). See Howler, n., 2.

                                    Araise

   A*raise"" (#), v. t. To raise. [Obs.] Shak.

                                     Arak

   Ar"ak (#), n. Same as Arrack.

                              Aram\'91an, Aramean

   Ar`a*m\'91an,  Ar`a*me"an  (#),  a.  [L.  Aramaeus, Gr. Ar\'bem, i. e.
   Highland,  a name given to Syria and Mesopotamia.] Of or pertaining to
   the  Syrians  and  Chaldeans,  or  to their language; Aramaic. -- n. A
   native of Aram.

                                    Aramaic

   Ar`a*ma"ic  (#), a. [See Aram\'91an, a.] Pertaining to Aram, or to the
   territory,   inhabitants,   language,   or  literature  of  Syria  and
   Mesopotamia;  Aram\'91an;  --  specifically  applied  to  the northern
   branch  of  the  Semitic  family  of  languages,  including Syriac and
   Chaldee. -- n. The Aramaic language.

                                   Aramaism

   Ar`a*ma"ism (#), n. An idiom of the Aramaic.

                             Araneida, Araneoidea

   Ar`a*ne"i*da  (#),  Ar`a*ne*oid"e*a  (#),  n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) See
   Araneina.

                                   Araneidan

   Ar`a*ne"i*dan  (#),  a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Araneina or
   spiders. -- n. One of the Araneina; a spider.

                                  Araneiform

   Ar`a*ne"i*form  (#)  a.  [L. aranea spider + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Having
   the form of a spider. Kirby.

                                   Araneina

   A*ra`ne*i"na  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. L. aranea spider.] (Zo\'94l.) The
   order of Arachnida that includes the spiders.

     NOTE: &hand; Th ey have mandibles, modified a poison faIllustration
     in Appendix.

                                   Araneose

   A*ra"ne*ose`,  a.  [L.  araneous.]  Of  the  aspect of a spider's web;
   arachnoid.

                                   Araneous

   A*ra"ne*ous  (#),  a. [L. araneosus, fr. aranea spider, spider's web.]
   Cobweblike;  extremely  thin  and  delicate,  like  a  cobweb; as, the
   araneous membrane of the eye. See Arachnoid. Derham. <-- p. 77 -->

                                    Arango

   A*ran"go (#), n.; pl. Arangoes (#). [The native name.] A bead of rough
   carnelian.  Arangoes were formerly imported from Bombay for use in the
   African slave trade. McCulloch.

                                   Arapaima

   A`ra*pai"ma   (#),   n.   [Prob.  native  name.]  (Zo\'94l.)  A  large
   fresh-water food fish of South America.

                                     Arara

   A*ra"ra  (#),  n.  [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The palm (or great black)
   cockatoo, of Australia (Microglossus aterrimus).

                                    Aration

   A*ra"tion  (#),  n.  [L. aratio, fr. arare to plow.] Plowing; tillage.
   [R.]

     Lands  are  said  to  be  in a state of aration when they are under
     tillage. Brande.

                                    Aratory

   Ar"a*to*ry  (#),  a. [LL. aratorius: cf. F. aratoire.] Contributing to
   tillage.

                                   Araucaria

   Ar`au*ca"ri*a  (#), n. [Araucania, a territory south of Chili.] (Bot.)
   A  genus of tall conifers of the pine family. The species are confined
   mostly  to  South  America  and  Australia. The wood cells differ from
   those  of other in having the dots in their lateral surfaces in two or
   three rows, and the dots of contiguous rows alternating. The seeds are
   edible.

                                  Araucarian

   Ar`au*ca"ri*an  (#),  a.  Relating  to,  or  of  the  nature  of,  the
   Araucaria.  The  earliest  conifers  in geological history were mostly
   Araucarian. Dana.

                              Arbalest, Arbalist

   Ar"ba*lest  (#), Ar"ba*list (#), n. [OF. arbaleste, LL. arbalista, for
   L.   arcuballista;  arcus  bow  +  ballista  a  military  engine.  See
   Ballista.]  (Antiq.)  A  crossbow,  consisting of a steel bow set in a
   shaft of wood, furnished with a string and a trigger, and a mechanical
   device for bending the bow. It served to throw arrows, darts, bullets,
   etc. [Written also arbalet and arblast.] Fosbroke.

                            Arbalester, Arbalister

   Ar"ba*lest`er   (#),   Ar"ba*list`er  (#),  n.  [OF.  arblastere,  OF.
   arbalestier. See Arbalest.] A crossbowman. [Obs.] Speed.

                                    Arbiter

   Ar"bi*ter  (#),  n.  [L. arbiter; ar- (for ad) + the root of betere to
   go; hence properly, one who comes up to look on.]

   1.   A  person  appointed,  or  chosen,  by  parties  to  determine  a
   controversy between them.

     NOTE: &hand; In modern usage, arbitrator is the technical word.

   2.  Any  person  who  has  the  power  of  judging and determining, or
   ordaining,  without control; one whose power of deciding and governing
   is not limited.

     For Jove is arbiter of both to man. Cowper.

   Syn.  --  Arbitrator;  umpire;  director;  referee; controller; ruler;
   governor.

                                    Arbiter

   Ar"bi*ter, v. t. To act as arbiter between. [Obs.]

                                  Arbitrable

   Ar"bi*tra*ble  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  arbitrable,  fr.  L. arbitrari. See
   Arbitrate,   v.   t.]   Capable   of  being  decided  by  arbitration;
   determinable. [Archaic] Bp. Hall.

                                   Arbitrage

   Ar"bi*trage (#), n. [F., fr. arbiter to give judgment, L. arbitrari.]

   1. Judgment by an arbiter; authoritative determination. [Archaic]

   2. (Com) A traffic in bills of exchange (see Arbitration of Exchange);
   also, a traffic in stocks which bear differing values at the same time
   in different markets.

                                   Arbitral

   Ar"bi*tral (#), a. [L. arbitralis.] Of or relating to an arbiter or an
   arbitration. [R.]

                                  Arbitrament

   Ar*bit"ra*ment (#), n. [LL. arbitramentum.]

   1. Determination; decision; arbitration.

     The arbitrament of time. Everett.

     Gladly  at  this  moment  would  MacIvor  have put their quarrel to
     personal arbitrament. Sir W. Scott.

   2. The award of arbitrators. Cowell.

                                  Arbitrarily

   Ar"bi*tra*ri*ly  (#),  adv.  In  an  arbitrary  manner;  by will only;
   despotically; absolutely.

                                 Arbitrariness

   Ar"bi*tra*ri*ness,  n. The quality of being arbitrary; despoticalness;
   tyranny. Bp. Hall.

                                 Arbitrarious

   Ar`bi*tra"ri*ous  (#),  a. [L. arbitrarius. See Arbitrary.] Arbitrary;
   despotic. [Obs.] -- Ar`bi*tra"*ri*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.]

                                   Arbitrary

   Ar"bi*tra*ry  (#), a. [L. arbitrarius, fr. arbiter: cf. F. arbitraire.
   See Arbiter.]

   1.  Depending  on will or discretion; not governed by any fixed rules;
   as, an arbitrary decision; an arbitrary punishment.

     It was wholly arbitrary in them to do so. Jer. Taylor.

     Rank  pretends  to  fix  the  value  of  every one, and is the most
     arbitrary of all things. Landor.

   2.  Exercised  according  to  one's own will or caprice, and therefore
   conveying a notion of a tendency to abuse the possession of power.

     Arbitrary  power is most easily established on the ruins of liberty
     abused licentiousness. Washington.

   3.   Despotic;   absolute  in  power;  bound  by  no  law;  harsh  and
   unforbearing;  tyrannical;  as,  an  arbitrary  prince  or government.
   Dryden.
   Arbitrary constant, Arbitrary function (Math.), a quantity of function
   that  is  introduced  into the solution of a problem, and to which any
   value  or  form may at will be given, so that the solution may be made
   to  meet  special  requirements. -- Arbitrary quantity (Math.), one to
   which any value can be assigned at pleasure.

                                   Arbitrate

   Ar"bi*trate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arbitrated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Arbitrating (#).] [L. arbitratus, p. p. of arbitrari to be a hearer or
   beholder  of  something,  to  make  a  decision, to give judgment, fr.
   arbiter. See Arbiter.]

   1.  To  hear  and decide, as arbitrators; as, to choose to arbitrate a
   disputed case.

   2. To decide, or determine generally. South.

     There   shall   your  swords  and  lances  arbitrate  The  swelling
     difference of your settled hate. Shak.

                                   Arbitrate

   Ar"bi*trate (#), v. i.

   1. To decide; to determine. Shak.

   2.  To  act  as  arbitrator  or  judge;  as, to arbitrate upon several
   reports;;  to  arbitrate  in  disputes  among  heighbors; to arbitrate
   between parties to a suit.

                                  Arbitration

   Ar`bi*tra"tion (#), n. [F. arbitration, L. arbitratio, fr. arbitrari.]
   The   hearing   and  determination  of  a  cause  between  parties  in
   controversy, by a person or persons chosen by the parties.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is ma y be  do ne by one person; but it is usual to
     choose two or three called arbitrators; or for each party to choose
     one,  and  these  to  name a third, who is called the umpire. Their
     determination is called the award.

   Bouvier  Arbitration  bond,  a  bond which obliges one to abide by the
   award  of an arbitration. -- Arbitration of Exchange, the operation of
   converting  the  currency  of  one  country  into  that of another, or
   determining the rate of exchange between such countries or currencies.
   An  arbitrated  rate is one determined by such arbitration through the
   medium of one or more intervening currencies.
   
                                  Arbitrator
                                       
   Ar"bi*tra`tor (#), n. [L., fr. arbitrari: cf. F. arbitrateur.] 

   1. A person, or one of two or more persons, chosen by parties who have
   a controversy, to determine their differences. See Arbitration.

   2. One who has the power of deciding or prescribing without control; a
   ruler; a governor.

     Though  Heaven  be  shut, And Heaven's high Arbitrators sit secure.
     Milton.

     Masters of their own terms and arbitrators of a peace. Addison.

   Syn. -- Judge; umpire; referee; arbiter. See Judge.

                                  Arbitratrix

   Ar"bi*tra`trix  (#),  n.  [L.,  fem.  of  arbitrator.]  A  female  who
   arbitrates or judges.

                                   Arbitress

   Ar"bi*tress  (#), n. [From Arbiter.] A female arbiter; an arbitratrix.
   Milton.

                                    Arblast

   Ar"blast (#), n. A crossbow. See Arbalest.

                                     Arbor

   Ar"bor  (#),  n.  [OE. herber, herbere, properly a garden of herbs, F.
   herbier,  fr.  L.  herbarium.  See Herb, and cf. Herbarium.] A kind of
   latticework  formed  of, or covered with, vines, branches of trees, or
   other plants, for shade; a bower. Sir P. Sidney.

                                     Arbor

   Ar"bor, n. [Written also arbour.] [L., a tree, a beam.]

   1. (Bot.) A tree, as distinguished from a shrub.

   2.  [Cf.  F.  arbre.]  (Mech.)  (a)  An  axle or spindle of a wheel or
   opinion. (b) A mandrel in lathe turning. Knight.
   Arbor Day, a day appointed for planting trees and shrubs. [U.S.]

                                   Arborary

   Ar"bo*ra*ry  (#), a. [L. arborarius, fr. arbor tree.] Of or pertaining
   to trees; arboreal.

                                   Arborator

   Ar"bo*ra`tor  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr.  arbor  tree.] One who plants or who
   prunes trees. [Obs.] Evelyn.

                                Arbor Dian\'91

   Ar"bor  Di*a"n\'91  (#). [L., the tree of Diana, or silver.] (Chem.) A
   precipitation of silver, in a beautiful arborescent form.

                                   Arboreal

   Ar*bo"re*al (#), a.

   1.  Of  or  pertaining  to  a  tree,  or to trees; of nature of trees.
   Cowley.

   2.  Attached to, found in or upon, or frequenting, woods or trees; as,
   arboreal animals.

     Woodpeckers are eminently arboreal. Darwin.

                                    Arbored

   Ar"bored  (#),  a.  Furnished  with  an  arbor;  lined with trees. "An
   arboreal walk." Pollok.

                                   Arboreous

   Ar*bo"re*ous (#), a. [L. arboreous, fr. arbor tree.]

   1.  Having  the  form,  constitution,  or habits, of a proper tree, in
   distinction from a shrub. Loudon.

   2. Pertaining to, or growing on, trees; as, arboreous moss. Quincy.

                                 Arborescence

   Ar`bo*res"cence   (#),   n.   The  state  of  being  arborescent;  the
   resemblance  to  a tree in minerals, or crystallizations, or groups of
   crystals  in that form; as, the arborescence produced by precipitating
   silver.

                                  Arborescent

   Ar`bo*res"cent  (#),  a.  [L.  arborescens,  p.  pr. of arborescere to
   become  a  tree, fr. arbor tree.] Resembling a tree; becoming woody in
   stalk;  dendritic;  having crystallizations disposed like the branches
   and twigs of a tree. "Arborescent hollyhocks." Evelyn.

                                    Arboret

   Ar"bo*ret  (#), n. [OF. arboret, dim. of arbre tree, L. arbor] A small
   tree or shrub. [Obs.] Spenser.

     Among  thick-woven  arborets,  and flowers Imbordered on each bank.
     Milton.

                                   Arboretum

   Ar`bo*re"tum  (#),  n.;  pl.  Arboreta  (#).  [L.,  a place grown with
   trees.]  A  place  in  which  a collection of rare trees and shrubs is
   cultivated for scientific or educational purposes.

                                   Arborical

   Ar*bor"ic*al (#), a. Relating to trees. [Obs.]

                                  Arboricole

   Ar*bor"i*cole  (#),  a.  [L.  arbor  +  colere to inhabit.] (Zo\'94l.)
   Tree-inhabiting; -- said of certain birds.

                                Arboricultural

   Ar`bor*i*cul"tur*al (#), a. Pertaining to arboriculture. Loudon.

                                 Arboriculture

   Ar`bor*i*cul"ture (?; 135), n. [L. arbor tree + cultura. See Culture.]
   The  cultivation  of  trees  and  shrubs,  chiefly  for  timber or for
   ornamental purposes.

                                Arboriculturist

   Ar`bor*i*cul"tur*ist, n. One who cultivates trees.

                                  Arboriform

   Ar*bor"i*form (#), a. Treelike in shape.

                                   Arborist

   Ar"bor*ist  (#),  n.  [F. arboriste, fr. L. arbor tree.] One who makes
   trees his study, or who is versed in the knowledge of trees. Howell.

                                 Arborization

   Ar`bor*i*za"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. arborisation, fr. L. arbor tree.] The
   appearance  or figure of a tree or plant, as in minerals or fossils; a
   dendrite.

                                   Arborized

   Ar"bor*ized  (#),  a.  Having  a treelike appearance. "An arborized or
   moss agate." Wright.

                                   Arborous

   Ar"bor*ous (#), a. Formed by trees. [Obs.]

     From under shady, arborous roof. Milton.

                                  Arbor vine

   Ar"bor  vine`  (#).  A  species of bindweed. <-- note no *pos* in this
   def, in original -->

                                 Arbor vit\'91

   Ar"bor vi"t\'91 (#). [L., tree of life.]

   1.  (Bot.)  An  evergreen  tree of the cypress tribe, genus Thuja. The
   American species is the T. occidentalis.

   2.  (Anat.)  The  treelike  disposition  of  the  gray and white nerve
   tissues in the cerebellum, as seen in a vertical section.

                                   Arbuscle

   Ar"bus*cle  (#),  n.  [L.  arbuscula  small tree, shrub, dim. of arbor
   tree.]  A  dwarf  tree,  one  in  size  between  a shrub and a tree; a
   treelike shrub. Bradley.

                                  Arbuscular

   Ar*bus"cu*lar  (#), a. Of or pertaining to a dwarf tree; shrublike. Da
   Costa.

                                   Arbustive

   Ar*bus"tive (#), a. [L. arbustivus, fr. arbustum place where trees are
   planted.]  Containing  copses of trees or shrubs; covered with shrubs.
   Bartram.

                                Arbutus, Arbute

   Ar"bu*tus  (#),  Ar"bute (#), n. [L. arbutus, akin to arbor tree.] The
   strawberry  tree, a genus of evergreen shrubs, of the Heath family. It
   has  a  berry  externally  resembling the strawberry; the arbute tree.
   Trailing  arbutus  (Bot.),  a  creeping or trailing plant of the Heath
   family  (Epig\'91a  repens),  having  white  or  usually  rose-colored
   flowers with a delicate fragrance, growing in small axillary clusters,
   and  appearing early in the spring; in New England known as mayflower;
   -- called also ground laurel. Gray.

                                      Arc

   Arc (#), n. [F. arc, L. arcus bow, arc. See Arch, n.]

   1.  (Geom.)  A portion of a curved line; as, the arc of a circle or of
   an ellipse.

   2.  A  curvature  in  the  shape of a circular arc or an arch; as, the
   colored arc (the rainbow); the arc of Hadley's quadrant.

   3. An arch. [Obs.]

     Statues and trophies, and triumphal arcs. Milton.

   4.  The apparent arc described, above or below the horizon, by the sun
   or  other  celestial  body.  The  diurnal  arc is described during the
   daytime, the nocturnal arc during the night.
   Electric arc, Voltaic arc. See under Voltaic.

                                    Arcade

   Ar*cade" (#), n. [F. arcade, Sp. arcada, LL. arcata, fr. L. arcus bow,
   arch.]

   1.  (Arch.)  (a)  A  series  of arches with the columns or piers which
   support  them, the spandrels above, and other necessary appurtenances;
   sometimes  open,  serving  as  an entrance or to give light; sometimes
   closed  at  the back (as in the cut) and forming a decorative feature.
   (b) A long, arched building or gallery.

   2. An arched or covered passageway or avenue.

                                    Arcaded

   Ar*cad"ed (#), a. Furnished with an arcade.

                                    Arcadia

   Ar*ca"di*a (#), n. [L. Arcadia, Gr.

   1.  A  mountainous and picturesque district of Greece, in the heart of
   the  Peloponnesus, whose people were distinguished for contentment and
   rural happiness.

   2. Fig.: Any region or scene of simple pleasure and untroubled quiet.

     Where the cow is, there is Arcadia. J. Burroughs.

                               Arcadian, Arcadic

   Ar*ca"di*an  (#),  Ar*ca"dic  (#),  a.  [L.  Arcadius,  Arcadicus, fr.
   Arcadia:  cf.  F.  Arcadien,  Arcadique.] Of or pertaining to Arcadia;
   pastoral; ideally rural; as, Arcadian simplicity or scenery.

                                    Arcane

   Ar*cane" (#), a. [L. arcanus.] Hidden; secret. [Obs.] "The arcane part
   of divine wisdom." Berkeley.

                                    Arcanum

   Ar*ca"num  (#),  n.;  pl. Arcana (#). [L., fr. arcanus closed, secret,
   fr. arca chest, box, fr. arcere to inclose. See Ark.]

   1. A secret; a mystery; -- generally used in the plural.

     Inquiries into the arcana of the Godhead. Warburton.

   2. (Med.) A secret remedy; an elixir. Dunglison.

                                  Arcboutant

   Arc`*bou`tant" (#), n. [F.] (Arch.) A flying buttress. Gwilt.

                                     Arch

   Arch (#), n. [F. arche, fr. LL. arca, for arcus. See Arc.]

   1. (Geom.) Any part of a curved line.

   2.   (Arch.)   (a)  Usually  a  curved  member  made  up  of  separate
   wedge-shaped  solids,  with  the  joints  between them disposed in the
   direction of the radii of the curve; used to support the wall or other
   weight above an opening. In this sense arches are segmental, round (i.
   e., semicircular), or pointed. (b) A flat arch is a member constructed
   of  stones cut into wedges or other shapes so as to support each other
   without rising in a curve.

     NOTE: &hand; Sc ientifically co nsidered, th e ar ch is  a means of
     spanning  an opening by resolving vertical pressure into horizontal
     or diagonal thrust.

   3. Any place covered by an arch; an archway; as, to pass into the arch
   of a bridge.

   4.  Any  curvature  in the form of an arch; as, the arch of the aorta.
   "Colors of the showery arch." Milton.
   Triumphal  arch,  a monumental structure resembling an arched gateway,
   with one or more passages, erected to commemorate a triumph.

                                     Arch

   Arch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arched (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Arching.]

   1. To cover with an arch or arches.

   2. To form or bend into the shape of an arch.

     The horse arched his neck. Charlesworth.

                                     Arch

   Arch, v. i. To form into an arch; to curve. <-- p. 78 -->

                                     Arch-

   Arch-  (\'84rch-, except in archangel and one or two other words). [L.
   arch-,  Gr.  Arch-.]  A  prefix  signifying  chief, as in archbuilder,
   archfiend.

                                     Arch

   Arch (#), a. [See Arch-, pref.]

   1. Chief; eminent; greatest; principal.

     The most arch act of piteous massacre. Shak.

   2.  Cunning or sly; sportively mischievous; roguish; as, an arch look,
   word, lad.

     [He] spoke his request with so arch a leer. Tatler.

                                     Arch

   Arch, n. [See Arch-, pref.] A chief. [Obs.]

     My worthy arch and patron comes to-night. Shak.

                                     arch

   *arch  (#).  [Gr. Arch, a.] A suffix meaning a ruler, as in monarch (a
   sole ruler).

                                  Arch\'91an

   Ar*ch\'91"an  (#),  a. [Gr. Ancient; pertaining to the earliest period
   in geological history.

                                  Arch\'91an

   Ar*ch\'91"an,  n.  (Geol.)  The  earliest period in geological period,
   extending up to the Lower Silurian. It includes an Azoic age, previous
   to  the  appearance of life, and an Eozoic age, including the earliest
   forms of life.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is is  eq uivalent to  th e fo rmerly accepted term
     Azoic, and to the Eozoic of Dawson.

                                Arch\'91ography

   Ar`ch\'91*og"ra*phy  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -graphy.]  A description of, or a
   treatise on, antiquity or antiquities.

                                Arch\'91olithic

   Ar`ch\'91*o*lith"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Arch\'91ol.) Of or pertaining to the
   earliest  Stone  age; -- applied to a prehistoric period preceding the
   Paleolithic age.

                                Arch\'91ologian

   Ar`ch\'91*o*lo"gi*an (#), n. An arch\'91ologist.

                       Arch\'91ologic, Arch\'91ological

   Ar`ch\'91*o*log"ic   (#),   Ar`ch\'91*o*log"ic*al   (#),  Relating  to
   arch\'91ology,  or  antiquities;  as,  arch\'91ological researches. --
   Ar`*ch\'91*o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                Arch\'91ologist

   Ar`ch\'91*ol"o*gist (#), n. One versed in arch\'91ology; an antiquary.
   Wright.

                                 Arch\'91ology

   Ar`ch\'91*ol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Gr. The science or study of antiquities,
   esp.  prehistoric  antiquities,  such  as  the remains of buildings or
   monuments  of  an  early  epoch,  inscriptions,  implements, and other
   relics, written manuscripts, etc.

                                Arch\'91opteryx

   Ar`ch\'91*op"te*ryx  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Paleon.)  A  fossil bird, of the
   Jurassic  period,  remarkable  for having a long tapering tail of many
   vertebr\'91  with feathers along each side, and jaws armed with teeth,
   with other reptilian characteristics.

                              Arch\'91ostomatous

   Ar`ch\'91*o*stom"a*tous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Biol.) Applied to a gastrula
   when the blastorope does not entirely up.

                                 Arch\'91ozoic

   Ar`ch\'91*o*zo"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) Like or belonging to the
   earliest forms of animal life.

                                    Archaic

   Ar*cha"ic  (#),  a. [Gr. Of or characterized by antiquity or archaism;
   antiquated; obsolescent.

                                   Archaical

   Ar*cha"ic*al (#), a. Archaic. [R.] -- Ar*cha"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                   Archaism

   Ar"cha*ism (#), n. [Gr. archa\'8bsme. See Arch, a.]

   1.  An  ancient,  antiquated,  or  old-fashioned, word, expression, or
   idiom; a word or form of speech no longer in common use.

   2. Antiquity of style or use; obsoleteness.

     A  select  vocabulary  corresponding  (in  point  of  archaism  and
     remoteness  from  ordinary  use)  to  our Scriptural vocabulary. De
     Quincey.

                                   Archaist

   Ar"cha*ist, n.

   1. Am antiquary.

   2. One who uses archaisms.

                                  Archaistic

   Ar`cha*is"tic  (#),  a.  Like,  or  imitative  of,  anything  archaic;
   pertaining to an archaism.

                                   Archaize

   Ar"cha*ize  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Archaized (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Archaizing.] [Gr. To make appear archaic or antique. Mahaffy.

                                   Archangel

   Arch`an"gel  (#),  n. [L. archangelus, Gr. archangel, F. archange. See
   Arch-, pref., and Angel.]

   1. A chief angel; one high in the celestial hierarchy. Milton.

   2.  (Bot.)  A  term  applied  to  several  different species of plants
   (Angelica archangelica, Lamium album, etc.).

                                  Archangelic

   Arch`an*gel"ic  (#), a. [Cf. F. archang\'82lique.] Of or pertaining to
   archangels; of the nature of, or resembling, an archangel. Milton.

                                  Archbishop

   Arch`bish"op  (#), n. [AS. arcebisceop, arcebiscop, L. archiepiscopus,
   fr. Gr. Bishop.] A chief bishop; a church dignitary of the first class
   (often  called a metropolitan or primate) who superintends the conduct
   of the suffragan bishops in his province, and also exercises episcopal
   authority in his own diocese.

                                 Archbishopric

   Arch`bish"op*ric  (#),  n.  [AS.  arcebiscopr\'c6ce.  See  -ric.]  The
   jurisdiction  or  office  of  an  archbishop; the see or province over
   which archbishop exercises archiepiscopal authority.

                                  Arch brick

   Arch"  brick`  (#).  A  wedge-shaped  brick used in the building of an
   arch.

                                  Archbutler

   Arch`but"ler  (#),  n.  [Pref.  arch- + butler.] A chief butler; -- an
   officer of the German empire.

                                Archchamberlain

   Arch`cham"ber*lain (#), n. [Cf. G. erzk\'84mmerer. See Arch-, pref.] A
   chief  chamberlain;  --  an  officer  of  the old German empire, whose
   office was similar to that of the great chamberlain in England.

                                Archchancellor

   Arch`chan"cel*lor  (#),  n.  [Cf. Ger. erzkanzler. See Arch-, pref.] A
   chief chancellor; -- an officer in the old German empire, who presided
   over the secretaries of the court.

                                  Archchemic

   Arch`chem"ic  (#), a. Of supreme chemical powers. [R.] "The archchemic
   sun." Milton.

                                  Archdeacon

   Arch`dea"con  (#),  n. [AS. arcediacon, archidiacon, L. archidiaconus,
   fr.  Gr.  Arch-,  pref.,  and  Deacon.]  In England, an ecclesiastical
   dignitary,  next  in rank below a bishop, whom he assists, and by whom
   he is appointed, though with independent authority. Blackstone.

                                 Archdeaconry

   Arch`dea"con*ry,   n.   The  district,  office,  or  residence  of  an
   archdeacon. See Benefice.

     Every diocese is divided into archdeaconries. Blackstone.

                                Archdeaconship

   Arch`dea"con*ship, n. The office of an archdeacon.

                                  Archdiocese

   Arch`di"o*cese  (#),  n.  [Pref.  arch-  + diocese.] The diocese of an
   archbishop.

                                   Archducal

   Arch`du"cal (#), a. Of or pertaining to an archduke or archduchy.

                                  Archduchess

   Arch`duch"ess  (#),  n.  [Pref.  arch-  +  duchess.] The consort of an
   archduke;  also,  a  princess  of  the imperial family of Austria. See
   Archduke.

                                   Archduchy

   Arch`duch"y, n. The territory of an archduke or archduchess. Ash.

                                   Archduke

   Arch`duke"  (#),  n.  [Pref.  arch-  + duke.] A prince of the imperial
   family of Austria.

     NOTE: &hand; Fo rmerly th is ti tle wa s as sumed by  the rulers of
     Lorraine,  Brabant,  Austria,  etc.  It  is now appropriated to the
     descendants  of  the  imperial  family  of Austria through the make
     line, all such male descendants being styled archduke, and all such
     female descendants archduchesses.

                                  Archdukedom

   Arch`duke"dom (#), n. An archduchy.

                                  Archebiosis

   Ar`che*bi*o"sis  (#),  n. [Pref. arche- + Gr. To origination of living
   matter from non-living. See Abiogenesis. Bastian.

                                    Arched

   Arched  (#),  a. Made with an arch or curve; covered with an arch; as,
   an arched door.

                                  Archegonial

   Ar`che*go"ni*al (#), a. Relating to the archegonium.

                                  Archegonium

   Ar`che*go"ni*um  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Bot.) The pistillidium or
   female  organ  in  the higher cryptogamic plants, corresponding to the
   pistil in flowering plants.

                                   Archegony

   Ar*cheg"o*ny   (#),   n.   [See   Archegonium.]   (Biol.)  Spontaneous
   generation; abiogenesis.

                                   Archelogy

   Ar*chel"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Gr. -logy.] The science of, or a treatise on,
   first principles. Fleming.

                                 Archencephala

   Ar`chen*ceph"a*la  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr. pref. (Zo\'94l.) The
   division that includes man alone. R. Owen.

                                   Archenemy

   Arch`en"e*my  (#),  n.  [Pref.  arch-  +  enemy.]  A  principal enemy.
   Specifically, Satan, the grand adversary of mankind. Milton.

                                  Archenteric

   Arch`en*ter"ic  (#),  a.  (Biol.)  Relating  to  the  archenteron; as,
   archenteric invagination.

                                  Archenteron

   Arch`en"ter*on, n. [Pref. arch- + Gr. (Biol.) The primitive enteron or
   undifferentiated  digestive  sac  of  a  gastrula or other embryo. See
   Illust. under Invagination.

                         Archeology, n., Archeological

   Ar`che*ol"o*gy   (#),   n.,   Ar`che*o*log`ic*al   (#),   a.  Same  as
   Arch\'91ology, etc.

                                    Archer

   Arch"er  (#),  n. [archier, F. archer, LL. arcarius, fr. L. arcus bow.
   See  Arc,  Arch,  n.]  A bowman, one skilled in the use of the bow and
   arrow.

                                   Archeress

   Arch"er*ess (#), n. A female archer. Markham.

                                  Archer fish

   Arch"er fish` (#). (Zo\'94l.) A small fish (Toxotes jaculator), of the
   East  Indies;  --  so called from its ejecting drops of water from its
   mouth at its prey. The name is also applied to Ch\'91todon rostratus.

                                  Archership

   Arch"er*ship, n. The art or skill of an archer.

                                    Archery

   Arch"er*y (#), n. [OE. archerie.]

   1.  The  use  of the bow and arrows in battle, hunting, etc.; the art,
   practice, or skill of shooting with a bow and arrows.

   2. Archers, or bowmen, collectively.

     Let  all  our archery fall off In wings of shot a-both sides of the
     van. Webster (1607).

                                    Arches

   Arch"es  (#),  pl.  of Arch, n. Court of arches, or Arches Court (Eng.
   Law), the court of appeal of the Archbishop of Canterbury, whereof the
   judge, who sits as deputy to the archbishop, is called the Dean of the
   Arches,  because  he  anciently  held  his  court in the church of St.
   Mary-le-Bow (de arcubus). It is now held in Westminster. Mozley & W.
   
                                  Archetypal
                                       
   Ar"che*ty`pal  (#),  a. Of or pertaining to an archetype; consisting a
   model  (real  or  ideal)  or pattern; original. "One archetypal mind."
   Gudworth. 

     NOTE: &hand; Among Platonists, the archetypal world is the world as
     it existed as an idea of God before the creation.

                                 Archetypally

   Ar"che*ty`pal*ly,  adv.  With  reference to the archetype; originally.
   "Parts archetypally distinct." Dana.

                                   Archetype

   Ar"che*type  (#),  n.  [L.  archetypum,  Gr.  arch\'82type. See Arch-,
   pref.]

   1.  The original pattern or model of a work; or the model from which a
   thing is made or formed.

     The  House  of  Commons,  the  archetype  of all the representative
     assemblies which now meet. Macaulay.

     Types  and shadows of that glorious archetype that was to come into
     the world. South.

   2. (Coinage) The standard weight or coin by which others are adjusted.

   3.  (Biol.) The plan or fundamental structure on which a natural group
   of  animals  or  plants or their systems of organs are assumed to have
   been constructed; as, the vertebrate archetype.

                                 Archetypical

   Ar`che*typ"ic*al (#), a. Relating to an archetype; archetypal.

                                    Archeus

   Ar*che"us (#), n. [LL. arch, Gr. Archi-, pref.] The vital principle or
   force  which  (according to the Paracelsians) presides over the growth
   and continuation of living beings; the anima mundi or plastic power of
   the old philosophers. [Obs.] Johnson.

                                    Archi-

   Ar"chi-  (#).  [L.,  archi-,  Gr.  arce-, erce-, OHG. erzi-.] A prefix
   signifying  chief,  arch;  as, architect, archiepiscopal. In Biol. and
   Anat.   it   usually   means   primitive,   original,  ancestral;  as,
   archipterygium, the primitive fin or wing.

                                 Archiannelida

   Ar`chi*an*nel"i*da  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.;  pref.  archi-  +  annelida.]
   (Zo\'94l.)  A  group  of  Annelida  remarkable  for having no external
   segments or distinct ventral nerve ganglions.

                                   Archiater

   Ar"chi*a`ter  (#),  n.  [L. archiatrus, Gr. Chief physician; -- a term
   applied, on the continent of Europe, to the first or body physician of
   princes and to the first physician of some cities. P. Cyc.

                                 Archiblastula

   Ar`chi*blas"tu*la  (#),  n. [Pref. archi + blastula.] (Biol.) A hollow
   blastula, supposed to be the primitive form; a c

                                   Archical

   Ar"chi*cal  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Arch-,  pref.] Chief; primary; primordial.
   [Obs.] Cudworth.

                                 Archidiaconal

   Ar`chi*di*ac"o*nal  (#),  a. [L. archidiaconus, Gr. archdeacon.] Of or
   pertaining to an archdeacon.

     This   offense  is  liable  to  be  censured  in  an  archidiaconal
     visitation. Johnson.

                                Archiepiscopacy

   Ar`chi*e*pis"co*pa*cy (#), n. [Pref. archi- + episcopacy.]

   1. That form of episcopacy in which the chief power is in the hands of
   archbishops.

   2. The state or dignity of an archbishop.

                                Archiepiscopal

   Ar`chi*e*pis"co*pal   (#),  a.  [Pref.  archi-  +  episcopal.]  Of  or
   pertaining to an archbishop; as, Canterbury is an archiepiscopal see.

                               Archiepiscopality

   Ar`chi*e*pis`co*pal"i*ty   (#),  n.  The  station  or  dignity  of  an
   archbishop; archiepiscopacy. Fuller.

                                Archiepiscopate

   Ar`chi*e*pis"co*pate  (#),  n. [Pref. archi- + episcopate.] The office
   of an archbishop; an archbishopric.

                                   Archierey

   Ar*chi"e*rey  (#),  n.  [Russ.  archier\'82i,  fr.  Gr.  arch-) + \'b5
   priest.]   The   higher   order   of   clergy   in  Russia,  including
   metropolitans, archbishops, and bishops. Pinkerton.

                                    Archil

   Ar"chil  (?;  277), n. [OF. orchel, orcheil, It. orcella, oricello, or
   OSp. orchillo. Cf. Orchil.]

   1.  A  violet  dye  obtained  from several species of lichen (Roccella
   tinctoria,  etc.), which grow on maritime rocks in the Canary and Cape
   Verd Islands, etc. Tomlinson.

   2.  The plant from which the dye is obtained. [Written also orchal and
   orchil.]

                                 Archilochian

   Ar`chi*lo"chi*an  (#),  a.  [L. Archilochius.] Of or pertaining to the
   satiric Greek poet Archilochus; as, Archilochian meter.

                             Archimage, Archimagus

   Ar"chi*mage  (#), Ar`chi*ma"gus (#), n. [NL.; pref. archi- + L. magus,
   Gr.

   1. The high priest of the Persian Magi, or worshipers of fire.

   2. A great magician, wizard, or enchanter. Spenser.

                                 Archimandrite

   Ar`chi*man"drite (#), n. [L. archimandrita, LGr. arch-) + (Gr. Church)
   (a)  A  chief  of  a  monastery,  corresponding  to abbot in the Roman
   Catholic   church.   (b)  A  superintendent  of  several  monasteries,
   corresponding  to  superior  abbot, or father provincial, in the Roman
   Catholic church.

                                  Archimedean

   Ar`chi*me*de"an   (#),  a.  [L.  Archimedeus.]  Of  or  pertaining  to
   Archimedes,   a  celebrated  Greek  philosopher;  constructed  on  the
   principle of Archimedes' screw; as, Archimedean drill, propeller, etc.
   Archimedean  screw,  or Archimedes' screw, an instrument, said to have
   been  invented  by  Archimedes, for raising water, formed by winding a
   flexible  tube round a cylinder in the form of a screw. When the screw
   is  placed  in  an  inclined  position,  and the lower end immersed in
   water,  by  causing  the  screw to revolve, the water is raised to the
   upper end. Francis.

                                  Archimedes

   Ar`chi*me"des   (#),   n.   (Paleon.)   An  extinct  genus  of  Bryzoa
   characteristic  of  the  subcarboniferous rocks. Its form is that of a
   screw.

                                    Arching

   Arch"ing (#), n.

   1. The arched part of a structure.

   2. (Naut.) Hogging; -- opposed to sagging.

                                 Archipelagic

   Ar`chi*pe*lag"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to an archipelago.

                                  Archipelago

   Ar`chi*pel"a*go, n.; pl. -goes or -gos (#). [It. arcipelago, properly,
   chief sea; Gr. pref Plague.]

   1.  The  Grecian  Archipelago, or \'92gean Sea, separating Greece from
   Asia Minor. It is studded with a vast number of small islands.

   2.  Hence:  Any  sea  or  broad  sheet of water interspersed with many
   islands or with a group of islands. <-- p. 79 -->

                                Archipterygium

   Ar*chip`te*ryg"i*um  (#),  n. [NL., fr. Gr. pref. arch-) + (Anat.) The
   primitive form of fin, like that of Ceratodus.

                                   Architect

   Ar"chi*tect  (#),  n.  [L.  architectus,  architecton,  Gr.  archi-) +
   architecte, It. architetto. See Technical.]

   1.  A  person  skilled  in  the  art  of building; one who understands
   architecture,  or makes it his occupation to form plans and designs of
   buildings, and to superintend the artificers employed.

   2. A contriver, designer, or maker.

     The architects of their own happiness. Milton.

     A French woman is a perfect architect in dress. Coldsmith.

                                 Architective

   Ar`chi*tec"tive (#), a. Used in building; proper for building. Derham.

                        Architectonic, Architectonical

   Ar`chi*tec*ton"ic    (#),    Ar`chi*tec*ton"ic*al    (#),    a.    [L.
   architectonicus, Gr. Architect.]

   1.  Pertaining to a master builder, or to architecture; evincing skill
   in  designing  or  construction; constructive. "Architectonic wisdom."
   Boyle.

     These   architectonic  functions  which  we  had  hitherto  thought
     belonged. J. C. Shairp.

   2. Relating to the systemizing of knowledge.

                                 Architectonic

   Ar`chi*tec*ton"ic, n. [Cf. F. architectonique.]

   1. The science of architecture.

   2. The act of arranging knowledge into a system.

                                Architectonics

   Ar`chi*tec*ton"ics, n. The science of architecture.

                                  Architector

   Ar"chi*tec`tor (#), n. An architect. [Obs.] North.

                                 Architectress

   Ar"chi*tec`tress (#), n. A female architect.

                                 Architectural

   Ar`chi*tec"tur*al  (#),  a.  Of  or pertaining to the art of building;
   conformed to the rules of architecture. -- Ar`chi*tec"tur*al*ly, adv.

                                 Architecture

   Ar"chi*tec`ture (?; 135), n. [L. architectura, fr. architectus: cf. F.
   architecture. See Architect.]

   1.  The  art  or  science of building; especially, the art of building
   houses,  churches,  bridges, and other structures, for the purposes of
   civil life; -- often called civil architecture.

     Many other architectures besides Gothic. Ruskin.

   3.  Construction,  in  a  more  general  sense;  frame  or  structure;
   workmanship.

     The architecture of grasses, plants, and trees. Tyndall.

     The   formation  of  the  first  earth  being  a  piece  of  divine
     architecture. Burnet.

   Military   architecture,   the   art   of   fortifications.  --  Naval
   architecture, the art of building ships.

                                 Architeuthis

   Ar`chi*teu"this  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr. pref. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
   gigantic  cephalopods,  allied  to the squids, found esp. in the North
   Atlantic and about New Zealand.

                                  Architrave

   Ar"chi*trave  (#), n. [F. architrave, fr. It. architrave; pref. archi-
   +  trave  beam,  L.  trabs.]  (Arch.)  (a)  The  lower  division of an
   entablature,  or that part which rests immediately on the column, esp.
   in  classical  architecture. See Column. (b) The group of moldings, or
   other architectural member, above and on both sides of a door or other
   opening, especially if square in form.

                                  Architraved

   Ar"chi*traved (#), a. Furnished with an architrave. Cowper.

                                   Archival

   Ar"chi*val  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to,  or  contained  in,  archives or
   records. Tooke.

                                    Archive

   Ar"chive  (#),  n.;  pl. Archives (#). [F. archives, pl., L. archivum,
   archium, fr. Gr. Archi-, pref.]

   1.  pl.  The  place  in which public records or historic documents are
   kept.

     Our words . . . . become records in God's court, and are laid up in
     his archives as witnesses. Gov. of Tongue.

   2. pl. Public records or documents preserved as evidence of facts; as,
   the archives of a country or family. [Rarely used in sing.]

     Some  rotten  archive,  rummaged out of some seldom explored press.
     Lamb.

   Syn. -- Registers; records; chronicles.

                                   Archivist

   Ar"chi*vist  (#), n. [F. archiviste.] A keeper of archives or records.
   [R.]

                                   Archivolt

   Ar"chi*volt (#), n. [F. archivolte, fr. It. archivolto; pref. archi- +
   volto  vault,  arch.  See Vault.] (Arch.) (a) The architectural member
   surrounding  the  curved  opening  of  an  arch,  corresponding to the
   architrave  in  the  case  of a square opening. (b) More commonly, the
   molding  or  other ornaments with which the wall face of the voussoirs
   of an arch is charged.

                              Archlute, Archilute

   Arch"lute  (#), Arch"i*lute (#), n. [Cf. F. archiluth, It. arciliuto.]
   (Mus.) A large theorbo, or double-necked lute, formerly in use, having
   the bass strings doubled with an octave, and the higher strings with a
   unison.

                                    Archly

   Arch"ly  (#),  adv.  In  an  arch  manner;  with attractive slyness or
   roguishness; slyly; waggishly.

     Archly the maiden smiled. Longfellow.

                                  Archmarshal

   Arch`mar"shal  (#),  n.  [G. erzmarschall. See Arch-, pref.] The grand
   marshal  of  the  old  German empire, a dignity that to the Elector of
   Saxony.

                                   Archness

   Arch"ness,  n.  The  quality of being arch; cleverness; sly humor free
   from malice; waggishness. Goldsmith.

                                    Archon

   Ar"chon  (#), n. [L. archon, Gr. (Antiq.) One of the chief magistrates
   in  ancient  Athens,  especially,  by pre\'89minence, the first of the
   nine chief magistrates. -- Ar*chon"tic (#), a.

                                  Archonship

   Ar"chon*ship, n. The office of an archon. Mitford.

                                  Archontate

   Ar"chon*tate  (#),  n. [Cf. F. archontat.] An archon's term of office.
   Gibbon.

                                   Archonts

   Ar"chonts  (#),  n.  pl. [Gr. p. pr. See Archon.] (Zo\'94l.) The group
   including man alone.

                                  Archprelate

   Arch`prel"ate  (#), n. [Pref. arch- + prelate.] An archbishop or other
   chief prelate.

                                 Archpresbyter

   Arch`pres"by*ter (#), n. Same as Archpriest.

                                Archpresbytery

   Arch`pres"by*ter*y  (#),  n.  [Pref. arch- + presbutery.] The absolute
   dominion of presbytery. Milton.

                                  Archpriest

   Arch`priest" (#), n. A chief priest; also, a kind of vicar, or a rural
   dean.

                                  Archprimate

   Arch`pri"mate  (#),  n.  [Pref.  arch-  + primate.] The chief primate.
   Milton.

                                  Arch stone

   Arch" stone` (#). A wedge-shaped stone used in an arch; a voussoir.

                                  Archtraitor

   Arch`trai"tor (#), n. [Pref. arch- + traitor.] A chief or transcendent
   traitor. I. Watts.

                                 Archtreasurer

   Arch`treas"ur*er  (?;  135),  n.  [Pref.  arch-  + treasurer.] A chief
   treasurer. Specifically, the great treasurer of the German empire.

                                    Archway

   Arch"way (#), n. A way or passage under an arch.

                                   Archwife

   Arch`wife" (#), n. [Pref. arch- + wife.] A big, masculine wife. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                   Archwise

   Arch"wise (#), adv. Arch-shaped.

                                     Archy

   Arch"y (#), a. Arched; as, archy brows.

                                     archy

   *ar"chy  (#).  [Gr.  Arch-,  pref.]  A suffix properly meaning a rule,
   ruling, as in monarchy, the rule of one only. Cf. -arch.

                                   Arciform

   Ar"ci*form (#), a. [L. arcus bow + -form.] Having the form of an arch;
   curved.

                                   Arcograph

   Arc"o*graph  (#),  n.  [L. arcus (E. arc) + -graph.] An instrument for
   drawing  a  circular  arc  without  the  use  of  a  central  point; a
   cyclograph.

                                   Arctation

   Arc*ta"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  arctus shut in, narrow, p. p. of arcere to
   shut in: cf. F. arctation.] (Med.) Constriction or contraction of some
   natural passage, as in constipation from inflammation.

                                    Arctic

   Arc"tic (#), a. [OE. artik, OF. artique, F. arctique, L. arcticus, fr.
   Gr.  ursus  bear,  Skr. Pertaining to, or situated under, the northern
   constellation  called the Bear; northern; frigid; as, the arctic pole,
   circle, region, ocean; an arctic expedition, night, temperature.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e arctic circle is a lesser circle, parallel to the
     equator,  23°  28\'b7  from  the north pole. This and the antarctic
     circle  are  called  the  polar  circles, and between these and the
     poles lie the frigid zones. See Zone.

                                    Arctic

   Arc"tic, n.

   1. The arctic circle.

   2. A warm waterproof overshoe. [U.S.]

                                   Arctisca

   Arc*tis"ca  (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of Arachnida.
   See Illust. in Appendix.

                                   Arctogeal

   Arc`to*ge"al (#), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to arctic lands;
   as, the arctogeal fauna.

                                   Arctoidea

   Arc*toid"e*a  (#),  n.  pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   the Carnivora, that includes the bears, weasels, etc.

                                   Arcturus

   Arc*tu"rus  (#), n. [L. Arcturus, Gr. Arctic.] (Anat.) A fixed star of
   the first magnitude in the constellation Bo\'94tes.

     NOTE: &hand; Ar cturus ha s so metimes been incorrectly used as the
     name of the constellation, or even of Ursa Major.

     Canst  thou guide Arcturus with his sons [Rev. Ver.: "the Bear with
     her train"]. Job xxxviii. 32.

                                    Arcual

   Arc"u*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining to an arc. Arcual measure of an
   angle  (Math.),  that  in  which  the unit angle has its measuring arc
   equal to the radius of the circle.

                               Arcuate, Arcuated

   Arc"u*ate  (#),  Arc"u*a`ted (#)(#), a. [L. arcuatus, p. p. of arcuare
   to  shape  like a bow, fr. arcus. See Arc.] Bent or curved in the form
   of a bow. "Arcuate stalks." Gray.

                                   Arcuately

   Arc"u*ate*ly (#), adv. In the form of a bow.

                                   Arcuation

   Arc`u*a"tion (#), n. [L. arcuatio.]

   1.  The  act  of  bending  or curving; incurvation; the state of being
   bent; crookedness. Coxe.

   2.  (Hort.)  A  mode  of  propagating trees by bending branches to the
   ground, and covering the small shoots with earth; layering. Chambers.

                                  Arcubalist

   Ar"cu*ba*list (#), n. [See Arbalist.] A crossbow. Fosbroke.

                                 Arcubalister

   Ar`cu*bal"ist*er  (#),  n.  [L.  arcuballistarius.  Cf. Arbalister.] A
   crossbowman; one who used the arcubalist. Camden.

                                    Arcubus

   Ar"cu*bus (#), n. See Arquebus. [Obs.]

                                  -ard, -art

   -ard,  -art.  The  termination  of  many  English  words;  as, coward,
   reynard,  drunkard,  mostly  from  the  French, in which language this
   ending is of German origin, being orig. the same word as English hard.
   It  usually has the sense of one who has to a high or excessive degree
   the quality expressed by the root; as, braggart, sluggard.

                                   Ardassine

   Ar*das"sine (#), n. [F. (cf. Sp. ardacina), fr. ardasse a kind of silk
   thread,  fr. Ar. & Per. ardan a kind of raw silk.] A very fine sort of
   Persian silk.

                                    Ardency

   Ar"den*cy (#), n.

   1. Heat. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.

   2.  Warmth  of  passion or affection; ardor; vehemence; eagerness; as,
   the ardency of love or zeal.

                                    Ardent

   Ar"dent  (#), a. [OE. ardaunt, F. ardant, p. pr. of arder to burn, fr.
   L. ardere.]

   1.  Hot  or burning; causing a sensation of burning; fiery; as, ardent
   spirits, that is, distilled liquors; an ardent fever.

   2. Having the appearance or quality of fire; fierce; glowing; shining;
   as, ardent eyes. Dryden.

   3.  Warm, applied to the passions and affections; passionate; fervent;
   zealous; vehement; as, ardent love, feelings, zeal, hope, temper.

     An ardent and impetuous race. Macaulay.

   Syn.  --  Burning;  hot;  fiery;  glowing;  intense; fierce; vehement;
   eager; zealous; keen; fervid; fervent; passionate; affectionate.

                                   Ardently

   Ar"dent*ly  (#),  adv.  In  an  ardent  manner;  eagerly; with warmth;
   affectionately; passionately.

                                  Ardentness

   Ar"dent*ness, n. Ardency. [R.]

                                     Ardor

   Ar"dor (#), n. [L. ardor, fr. ardere to burn: cf. OF. ardor, ardur, F.
   ardeur.] [Spelt also ardour.]

   1. Heat, in a literal sense; as, the ardor of the sun's rays.

   2.  Warmth  or  heat  of passion or affection; eagerness; zeal; as, he
   pursues study with ardor; the fought with ardor; martial ardor.

   3.  pl. Bright and effulgent spirits; seraphim. [Thus used by Milton.]
   Syn. -- Fervor; warmth; eagerness. See Fervor.

                                    Arduous

   Ar"du*ous  (?;  135), a. [L. arduus steep, high; akin to Ir. ard high,
   height.]

   1. Steep and lofty, in a literal sense; hard to climb.

     Those arduous pats they trod. Pope.

   2.  Attended  with  great  labor,  like  the ascending of acclivities;
   difficult;  laborious; as, an arduous employment, task, or enterprise.
   Syn. -- Difficult; trying; laborious; painful; exhausting. -- Arduous,
   Hard,  Difficult.  Hard is simpler, blunter, and more general in sense
   than  difficult;  as,  a hard duty to perform, hard work, a hard task,
   one  which  requires  much  bodily  effort  and  perseverance  to  do.
   Difficult  commonly implies more skill and sagacity than hard, as when
   there  is  disproportion  between the means and the end. A work may be
   hard  but  not  difficult.  We  call  a thing arduous when it requires
   strenuous and persevering exertion, like that of one who is climbing a
   precipice;  as,  an  arduous  task,  an  arduous  duty.  "It  is often
   difficult  to  control  our feelings; it is still harder to subdue our
   will;  but  it  is  an  arduous  undertaking to control the unruly and
   contending will of others."

                                   Arduously

   Ar"du*ous*ly,   adv.   In   an  arduous  manner;  with  difficulty  or
   laboriousness.

                                  Arduousness

   Ar"du*ous*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  arduous;  difficulty  of
   execution.

                                   Ardurous

   Ar"du*rous (#), a. Burning; ardent. [R.]

     Lo! further on, Where flames the arduous Spirit of Isidore. Cary.

                                      Are

   Are  (#).  [AS.  (Northumbrian) aron, akin to the 1st pers. pl. forms,
   Icel.  erum,  Goth.  sijum, L. sumus, Gr. smas; all from a root as. Am
   and  Is, and cf. Be.] The present indicative plural of the substantive
   verb  to  be; but etymologically a different word from be, or was. Am,
   art, are, and is, all come from the root as.

                                      Are

   Are  (#),  n. [F., fr. L. area. See Area.] (Metric system) The unit of
   superficial  measure,  being a square of which each side is ten meters
   in length; 100 square meters, or about 119.6 square yards.

                                     Area

   A"re*a  (?;  277), n.; pl. Areas (#) . [L. area a broad piece of level
   groAre, n.]

   1.  Any  plane surface, as of the floor of a room or church, or of the
   ground within an inclosure; an open space in a building.

     The Alban lake . . . looks like the area of some vast amphitheater.
     Addison.

   2. The inclosed space on which a building stands.

   3.  The  sunken  space or court, giving ingress and affording light to
   the basement of a building.

   4. An extent of surface; a tract of the earth's surface; a region; as,
   vast uncultivated areas.

   5.  (Geom.)  The  superficial  contents  of  any  figure;  the surface
   included within any given lines; superficial extent; as, the area of a
   square or a triangle.

   6. (Biol.) A spot or small marked space; as, the germinative area.

   7. Extent; scope; range; as, a wide area of thought.

     The  largest  area  of  human  history  and man's common nature. F.
     Harrison.

   Dry area. See under Dry.

                                 Aread, Areed

   A*read",  A*reed"  (#), v. t. [OE. areden, AS. \'ber to interpret. See
   Read.]

   1.  To  tell, declare, explain, or interpret; to divine; to guess; as,
   to aread a riddle or a dream. [Obs.]

     Therefore more plain aread this doubtful case. Spenser.

   2. To read. [Obs.] Drayton.

   3. To counsel, advise, warn, or direct.

     But mark what I aread thee now. Avaunt! Milton.

   4. To decree; to adjudge. [Archaic] Ld. Lytton.

                                     Areal

   A"re*al  (#),  a.  [Cf.  L. arealis, fr. area.] Of or pertaining to an
   area;  as,  areal  interstices  (the  areas  or spaces inclosed by the
   reticulate vessels of leaves).

                                     Arear

   A*rear" (#), v. t. & i. [AS. \'ber. See Rear.] To raise; to set up; to
   stir up. [Obs.]

                                     Arear

   A*rear",  adv.  [See  Arrear,  adv.]  Backward;  in  or  to  the rear;
   behindhand. Spenser.

                                     Areca

   A*re"ca  (#), n. [Canarese adiki: cf. Pg. & Sp. areca.] (Bot.) A genus
   of  palms,  one species of which produces the areca nut, or betel nut,
   which is chewed in India with the leaf of the Piper Betle and lime.

                                     Areek

   A*reek"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref. a- + reek.] In a reeking condition.
   Swift.

                                  Arefaction

   Ar`e*fac"tion (#), n. [L. arefacere to dry.] The act of drying, or the
   state of growing dry.

     The arefaction of the earth. Sir M. Hale.

                                     Arefy

   Ar"e*fy  (#),  v. t. [L. arere to be dry + -fly.] To dry, or make dry.
   Bacon.

                                     Arena

   A*re"na  (#),  n.;  pl.  E.  Arenas  (#);  L. Aren\'91 (#). [L. arena,
   harena, sand, a sandy place.]

   1.  (Rom.  Antiq.) The area in the central part of an amphitheater, in
   which  the  gladiators  fought  and  other shows were exhibited; -- so
   called because it was covered with sand.

   2.  Any place of public contest or exertion; any sphere of action; as,
   the arenaof debate; the arena of life.

   3. (Med.) "Sand" or "gravel" in the kidneys.

                                  Arenaceous

   Ar`e*na"ceous  (#),  a.  [L.  arenaceus,  fr.  arena  sand.]  Sandy or
   consisting   largely   of   sand;   of  the  nature  of  sand;  easily
   disintegrating into sand; friable; as, arenaceous limestone.

                                  Arenarious

   Ar`e*na"ri*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  arenarius,  fr. arena sand.] Sandy; as,
   arenarious soil. <-- p. 80 -->

                                   Arenation

   Ar`e*na"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  arenatio,  fr. arena sand.] (Med.) A sand
   bath; application of hot sand to the body. Dunglison.

                                   Arendator

   Ar`en*da"tor   (#),  n.  [LL.  arendator,  arrendator,  fr.  arendare,
   arrendare,  to pay rent, fr. arenda yearly rent; ad + renda, F. rente,
   E.  rent.  Cf. Arrentation and Rent.] In some provinces of Russia, one
   who farms the rents or revenues.

     NOTE: &hand; A person who rents an estate belonging to the crown is
     called crown arendator.

   Tooke.

                                 Areng, Arenga

   A*reng"  (#),  A*ren"ga  (#),  n.  [Malayan.]  A  palm  tree (Saguerus
   saccharifer)  which  furnishes  sago,  wine, and fibers for ropes; the
   gomuti palm.

                                  Arenicolite

   Ar`e*nic"o*lite  (#),  n. [L. arena sand + colere to cherish or live.]
   (Paleon.) An ancient wormhole in sand, preserved in the rocks. Dana.

                                  Arenilitic

   A*ren`i*lit"ic  (#),  a.  [L.  arena  sand  +  Gr. Of or pertaining to
   sandstone; as, arenilitic mountains. Kirwan.

                                    Arenose

   Ar"e*nose  (#), a. [L. arenosus, fr. arena sand.] Sandy; full of sand.
   Johnson.

                                   Arenulous

   A*ren"u*lous  (#),  a.  [L. arenula fine sand, dim. of arena.] Full of
   fine sand; like sand. [Obs.]

                                    Areola

   A*re"o*la (#), n.; pl. Areol\'91 (#). [L. areola, dim. of area: cf. F.
   ar\'82ole. See Area.]

   1.  An interstice or small space, as between the cracks of the surface
   in  certain  crustaceous  lichens;  or as between the fibers composing
   organs  or  vessels  that  interlace; or as between the nervures of an
   insect's wing.

   2.  (Anat.  &  Med.)  The  colored ring around the nipple, or around a
   vesicle or pustule.

                                    Areolar

   A*re"o*lar  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to,  or like, an areola; filled with
   interstices  or  areol\'91.  reolar  tissue (Anat.), a form of fibrous
   connective  tissue  in  which  the  fibers  are  loosely arranged with
   numerous spaces, or areol\'91, between them.

                              Areolate, Areolated

   A*re"o*late  (#),  A*re"o*la*ted,  a.  [L.  areola: cf. F. ar\'82ole.]
   Divided into small spaces or areolations, as the wings of insects, the
   leaves of plants, or the receptacle of compound flowers.

                                  Areolation

   A`re*o*la"tion (#), n.

   1. Division into areol\'91. Dana.

   2.  Any  small  space,  bounded  by  some  part  different in color or
   structure,  as  the  spaces  bounded  by  the nervures of the wings of
   insects, or those by the veins of leaves; an areola.

                                    Areole

   A"re*ole (#), n. Same as Areola.

                                    Areolet

   A*re"o*let  (#),  n.  [Dim. of L. areola.] (Zo\'94l.) A small inclosed
   area;  esp.  one  of  the  small  spaces  on  the  wings  of  insects,
   circumscribed by the veins.

                                   Areometer

   A`re*om"e*ter  (?;  277),  n.  [Gr.  -meter:  cf. F. ar\'82om\'8atre.]
   (Physics)  An instrument for measuring the specific gravity of fluids;
   a form hydrometer.

                           Areometric, Areometrical

   A`re*o*met"ric  (#),  A`re*o*met"ric*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to,  or
   measured by, an areometer.

                                   Areometry

   A`re*om"e*try  (#),  n.  [Gr. -metry.] The art or process of measuring
   the specific gravity of fluids.

                                  Areopagist

   Ar`e*op"a*gist (#), n. See Areopagite.

                                  Areopagite

   Ar`e*op"a*gite (#), n. [L. Areopagites, Gr. A member of the Areopagus.
   Acts xvii. 34.

                                  Areopagitic

   Ar`e*op`a*git"ic  (#),  a.  [L.  Areopagiticus,  Gr. Pertaining to the
   Areopagus. Mitford.

                                   Areopagus

   Ar`e*op"a*gus,  n.  [L., fr. Gr. The highest judicial court at Athens.
   Its  sessions  were  held  on  Mars'  Hill.  Hence,  any high court or
   tribunal

                                   Areostyle

   A*re"o*style (#), a. & n. See Intercolumniation, and Ar\'91ostyle.

                                  Areosystyle

   A*re`o*sys"tyle    (#),   a.   &   n.   See   Intercolumniation,   and
   Ar\'91osystyle.

                                     Arere

   A*rere" (#), v. t. & i. See Arear. [Obs.] Ellis.

                                     Arest

   A*rest"  (#),  n. A support for the spear when couched for the attack.
   [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Aret

   A*ret"  (#), v. t. [OE. aretten, OF. areter; a (L. ad) + OF. reter, L.
   reputare.  See  Repute.]  To  reckon;  to  ascribe;  to impute. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                   Aretaics

   Ar`e*ta"ics  (#),  n.  [Gr.  The  ethical  theory  which  excludes all
   relations  between  virtue  and  happiness;  the science of virtue; --
   contrasted with eudemonics. J. Grote.

                                   Aretology

   Ar`e*tol"o*gy   (#),  n.  [Gr.  ar\'82tologie.]  That  part  of  moral
   philosophy  which  treats  of  virtue,  its  nature,  and the means of
   attaining to it.

                                     Arew

   A*rew".  adv.  [See Arow, Row.] In a row. [Obs.] "All her teeth arew."
   Spenser.

                                     Argal

   Ar"gal (#), n. Crude tartar. See Argol.

                                     Argal

   Ar"gal, adv. A ludicrous corruption of the Latin word ergo, therefore.
   Shak.

                                 Argal, Argali

   Ar"gal  (#),  Ar"ga*li,  n.  [Mongolian.] (Zo\'94l.) A species of wild
   sheep  (Ovis  ammon, or O. argali), remarkable for its large horns. It
   inhabits the mountains of Siberia and central Asia.

     NOTE: &hand; The bearded argali is the aoudad. See Aoudad. The name
     is  also  applied  to the bighorn sheep of the Rocky Mountains. See
     Bighorn.

                                    Argala

   Ar"ga*la (#), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The adjutant bird.

                                  Argand lamp

   Ar"gand  lamp`  (#).  [Named  from  the  inventor,  Aim\'82  Argand of
   Geneva.]  A  lamp  with a circular hollow wick and glass chimney which
   allow  a  current  of air both inside and outside of the flame. Argand
   burner,  a  burner  for  an  Argand lamp, or a gas burner in which the
   principle of that lamp is applied.

                                     Argas

   Ar"gas (#), n. A genus of venomous ticks which attack men and animals.
   The  famous Persian Argas, also called Miana bug, is A. Persicus; that
   of Central America, called talaje by the natives, is A. Talaje.

                                    Argean

   Ar*ge"an (#), a. Pertaining to the ship Argo. See Argo.

                                    Argent

   Ar"gent  (#),  n.  [F.  argent,  fr.  L. argentum, silver; akin to Gr.
   rajata  white,  silver,  raj  to  shine,  Ir. arg white, milk, airgiod
   silver, money, and L. arguere to make clear. See Argue.]

   1. Silver, or money. [Archaic]

   2. (Fig. & Poet.) Whiteness; anything that is white.

     The polished argent of her breast. Tennyson.

   3.  (Her.)  The  white  color  in coats of arms, intended to represent
   silver, or, figuratively, purity, innocence, beauty, or gentleness; --
   represented in engraving by a plain white surface. Weale.

                                    Argent

   Ar"gent, a. Made of silver; of a silvery color; white; shining.

     Yonder argent fields above. Pope.

                                   Argental

   Ar*gen"tal (#), a. Of or pertaining to silver; resembling, containing,
   or combined with, silver.

                                   Argentan

   Ar"gen*tan, n. An alloy of nicked with copper and zinc; German silver.

                                   Argentate

   Ar"gen*tate, a. [L. argentatus silvered.] (Bot.) Silvery white. Gray.

                                  Argentation

   Ar`gen*ta"tion,  n.  [L. argentare to silver, fr. argentum silver. See
   Argent.] A coating or overlaying with silver. [R.] Johnson.

                                   Argentic

   Ar*gen"tic (#), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing,
   silver; -- said of certain compounds of silver in which this metal has
   its lowest proportion; as, argentic chloride.

                                 Argentiferous

   Ar`gen*tif"er*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  argentum  silver  +  -ferous: cf. F.
   argentif\'8are.]  Producing  or  containing  silver; as, argentiferous
   lead ore or veins.

                                   Argentine

   Ar"gen*tine (?; in the 2d sense, commonly ?), a.

   1.  Pertaining  to,  or resembling, silver; made of, or sounding like,
   silver; silvery.

     Celestial Dian, goddess argentine. Shak.

   2. Of or pertaining to the Argentine Republic in South America.

                                   Argentine

   Ar"gen*tine, n. [Cf. F. argentin, fr. L. argentum silver.]

   1. (Min.) A siliceous variety of calcite, or carbonate of lime, having
   a  silvery-white,  pearly  luster,  and  a  waving  or curved lamellar
   structure.

   2. White metal coated with silver. Simmonds.

   3.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  fish  of Europe (Maurolicus Pennantii) with silvery
   scales.  The  name  is  also  applied  to  various fishes of the genus
   Argentina.

   4. A citizen of the Argentine Republic.

                                   Argentite

   Ar"gen*tite  (#),  n. [L. argentum silver.] (Min.) Sulphide of silver;
   --  also  called  vitreous silver, or silver glance. It has a metallic
   luster, a lead-gray color, and is sectile like lead.

                                   Argentous

   Ar*gen"tous  (#), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, silver;
   --  said  of  certain  silver  compounds  in which silver has a higher
   proportion than in argentic compounds; as, argentous chloride.

                                   Argentry

   Ar"gent*ry  (#),  n.  [F. argenterie, fr. argent silver, L. argentum.]
   Silver plate or vessels. [Obs.]

     Bowls of frosted argentry. Howell.

                                     Argil

   Ar"gil (#), n. [F. argile, L. argilla white clay, akin to Gr. Argent.]
   (Min.)  Clay,  or potter's earth; sometimes pure clay, or alumina. See
   Clay.

                                 Argillaceous

   Ar`gil*la"ceous  (#),  a. [L. argillaceus, fr. argilla.] Of the nature
   of  clay;  consisting  of,  or  containing,  argil  or  clay;  clayey.
   Argillaceous  sandstone  (Geol.), a sandstone containing much clay. --
   Argillaceous  iron  ore, the clay ironstone. -- Argillaceous schist or
   state. See Argillite.

                                 Argilliferous

   Ar`gil*lif"er*ous (#), a. [L. argilla white clay + -ferous.] Producing
   clay; -- applied to such earths as abound with argil. Kirwan.

                                   Argillite

   Ar"gil*lite  (#), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) Argillaceous schist or slate;
   clay  slate. Its colors is bluish or blackish gray, sometimes greenish
   gray, brownish red, etc. -- Ar`gil*lit"ic, a.

                              Argillo-areenaceous

   Ar*gil`lo-are`e*na"ceous  (#),  a.  Consisting of, or containing, clay
   and sand, as a soil.

                              Argillo-calcareous

   Ar*gil`lo-cal*ca"re*ous (#), a. Consisting of, or containing, clay and
   calcareous earth.

                              Argillo-ferruginous

   Ar*gil`lo-fer*ru"gi*nous (#), a. Containing clay and iron.

                                   Argillous

   Ar*gil"lous   (#),   a.  [L.  argillosus,  fr.  argilla.  See  Argil.]
   Argillaceous; clayey. Sir T. Browne.

                                    Argive

   Ar"give  (#),  a.  [L. Argivus, fr. Argos, Argi.] Of or performance to
   Argos,  the  capital  of  Argolis  in Greece. -- n. A native of Argos.
   Often used as a generic term, equivalent to Grecian or Greek.

                                     Argo

   Ar"go (#), n. [L. Argo, Gr.

   1. (Myth.) The name of the ship which carried Jason and his fifty-four
   companions to Colchis, in quest of the Golden Fleece.

   2.  (Astron.) A large constellation in the southern hemisphere, called
   also  Argo  Navis.  In  modern  astronomy  it is replaced by its three
   divisions, Carina, Puppis, and Vela.

                                    Argoan

   Ar*go"an (#), a. Pertaining to the ship Argo.

                                    Argoile

   Ar"goile (#), n. Potter's clay. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Argol

   Ar"gol (#), n. [Cf. Argal, Orgal. Of unknown origin.] Crude tartar; an
   acidulous  salt  from  which cream of tartar is prepared. It exists in
   the  juice  of grapes, and is deposited from wines on the sides of the
   casks. Ure.

                                    Argolic

   Ar*gol"ic (#), a. [L. Argolicus, Gr. Pertaining to Argolis, a district
   in the Peloponnesus.

                                     Argon

   Ar"gon  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Chem.)  A  substance  regarded as an element,
   contained in the atmosphere and remarkable for its chemical inertness.
   Rayleigh and Ramsay.

                                   Argonaut

   Ar"go*naut (#), n. [L. Argonauta, Gr. Argo.]

   1. Any one of the legendary Greek heroes who sailed with Jason, in the
   Argo, in quest of the Golden Fleece.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) A cephalopod of the genus Argonauta.

                                   Argonauta

   Ar`go*nau"ta  (#),  n. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Cephalopoda. The shell is
   called paper nautilus or paper sailor.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e animal has much resemblance to an Octopus. It has
     eight  arms,  two  of  which  are expanded at the end and clasp the
     shell,  but are never elevated in the air for sails as was formerly
     supposed.  The creature swims beneath the surface by means of a jet
     of  water,  like  other  cephalopods. The male has no shell, and is
     much smaller than the female. See Hectocotylus.

                                  Argonautic

   Ar"go*naut"ic  (#),  a.  [L.  Argonauticus.]  Of  or pertaining to the
   Argonauts.

                                    Argosy

   Ar"go*sy  (#),  n.;  pl.  Argosies  (#).  [Earlier  ragusy, fr. ragusa
   meaning  orig.  a  vessel  of  Ragusa.]  A large ship, esp. a merchant
   vessel of the largest size.

     Where  your  argosies  with portly sail . . . Do overpeer the petty
     traffickers. Shak.

                                     Argot

   Ar`got"  (#),  n.  [F.  Of  unknown  origin.]  A  secret  language  or
   conventional slang peculiar to thieves, tramps, and vagabonds; flash.

                                   Arguable

   Ar"gu*a*ble (#), a. Capable of being argued; admitting of debate.

                                     Argue

   Ar"gue  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Argued (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Arguing.]
   [OE.  arguen,  F.  arguer,  fr.  L. argutare, freq. of arguere to make
   clear; from the same root as E. argent.]

   1.  To invent and offer reasons to support or overthrow a proposition,
   opinion, or measure; to use arguments; to reason.

     I argue not Against Heaven's hand or will. Milton.

   2. To contend in argument; to dispute; to reason; -- followed by with;
   as, you may argue with your friend without convincing him.

                                     Argue

   Ar"gue, v. t.

   1. To debate or discuss; to treat by reasoning; as, the counsel argued
   the cause before a full court; the cause was well argued.

   2.  To  prove  or  evince;  too  manifest  or  exhibit  by  inference,
   deduction, or reasoning.

     So many laws argue so many sins. Milton.

   3.  To  persuade  by  reasons;  as,  to  argue  a man into a different
   opinion.

   4. To blame; to accuse; to charge with. [Obs.]

     Thoughts  and  expressions  .  .  .  which  can  be truly argued of
     obscenity, profaneness, or immorality. Dryden.

   Syn.  -- to reason; evince; discuss; debate; expostulate; remonstrate;
   controvert.  --  To  Argue,  Dispute,  Debate.  These  words,  as here
   compared,  suppose  a  contest  between two parties in respect to some
   point  at issue. To argue is to adduce arguments or reasons in support
   of  one's cause or position. To dispute is to call in question or deny
   the  statements  or  arguments  of the opposing party. To debate is to
   strive for or against in a somewhat formal manner by arguments.

     Men  of  many words sometimes argue for the sake of talking; men of
     ready  tongues  frequently  dispute for the sake of victory; men in
     public life often debate for the sake of opposing the ruling party,
     or from any other motive than the love of truth. Crabb.

     Unskilled  to  argue,  in  dispute  yet loud, Bold without caution,
     without honors proud. Falconer.

     Betwixt the dearest friends to raise debate. Dryden.

                                    Arguer

   Ar"gu*er (#), n. One who argues; a reasoner; a disputant.

                                    Argufy

   Ar"gu*fy (#), v. t. & i. [Argue + -fy.]

   1. To argue pertinaciously. [Colloq.] Halliwell.

   2. To signify. [Colloq.]

                                    Argulus

   Ar"gu*lus  (#),  n. [NL., dim of Argus.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of copepod
   Crustacea, parasitic of fishes; a fish louse. See Branchiura.

                                   Argument

   Ar"gu*ment (#), n. [F. argument, L. argumentum, fr. arguere to argue.]

   1. Proof; evidence. [Obs.]

     There  is..  no  more  palpable  and  convincing  argument  of  the
     existence of a Deity. Ray.

     Why, then, is it made a badge of wit and an argument of parts for a
     man  to commence atheist, and to cast off all belief of providence,
     all awe and reverence for religion? South.

   2. A reason or reasons offered in proof, to induce belief, or convince
   the  mind;  reasoning  expressed  in  words;  as,  an  argument about,
   concerning,  or  regarding  a  proposition,  for or in favor of it, or
   against it.

   3.  A  process  of  reasoning,  or  a  controversy made up of rational
   proofs; argumentation; discussion; disputation.

     The argument is about things, but names. Locke.

   4.   The   subject   matter  of  a  discourse,  writing,  or  artistic
   representation;  theme  or  topic; also, an abstract or summary, as of
   the contents of a book, chapter, poem.

     You and love are still my argument. Shak.

     The abstract or argument of the piece. Jeffrey.

     [Shields] with boastful argument portrayed. Milton.

   5. Matter for question; business in hand. [Obs.]

     Sheathed their swords for lack of argument. Shak.

   6.  (Astron.)  The  quantity  on  which  another  quantity  in a table
   depends; as, the altitude is the argument of the refraction.

   7.  (Math.)  The  independent  variable  upon  whose  value  that of a
   function depends. Brande & C. <-- p. 81 -->

                                   Argument

   Ar"gu*ment (#), v. i. [L. argumentari.] To make an argument; to argue.
   [Obs.] Gower.

                                 Argumentable

   Ar`gu*men"ta*ble  (#),  a. [L. argumentabilis.] Admitting of argument.
   [R.] Chalmers.

                                  Argumental

   Ar`gu*men"tal  (#),  a.  [L.  argumentalis.]  Of,  pertaining  to,  or
   containing, argument; argumentative.

                                 Argumentation

   Ar`gu*men*ta"tion  (#),  n. [L. argumentatio, from argumentari: cf. F.
   argumentation.]

   1. The act of forming reasons, making inductions, drawing conclusions,
   and  applying  them  to  the  case  in  discussion;  the  operation of
   inferring  propositions,  not known or admitted as true, from facts or
   principles known, admitted, or proved to be true.

     Which  manner  of  argumentation, how false and naught it is, . . .
     every man that hath with perceiveth. Tyndale.

   2. Debate; discussion. Syn. -- Reasoning; discussion; controversy. See
   Reasoning.

                                 Argumentative

   Ar`gu*men"ta*tive (#), a.

   1.  Consisting of, or characterized by, argument; containing a process
   of reasoning; as, an argumentative discourse.

   2.  Adductive  as  proof;  indicative; as, the adaptation of things to
   their uses is argumentative of infinite wisdom in the Creator. [Obs.]

   3.  Given to argument; characterized by argument; disputatious; as, an
   argumentative      writer.     --Ar`gu*men"ta*tive*ly,     adv.     --
   Ar`gu*men"ta*tive*ness, n.

                                  Argumentize

   Ar"gu*men*tize (#), v. i. To argue or discuss. [Obs.] Wood.

                                     Argus

   Ar"gus (#), n. [L. Argus, Gr.

   1.  (Myth.)  A fabulous being of antiquity, said to have had a hundred
   eyes,  who  has placed by Juno to guard Io. His eyes were transplanted
   to the peacock's tail.

   2. One very vigilant; a guardian always watchful.

   3. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of East Indian pheasants. The common species (A.
   giganteus)  is  remarkable for the great length and beauty of the wing
   and tail feathers of the male. The species A. Grayi inhabits Borneo.

                                  Argus-eyed

   Ar"gus-eyed (#), a. Extremely observant; watchful; sharp-sighted.

                                  Argus shell

   Ar"gus  shell`  (#) . (Zo\'94l.) A species of shell (Cypr\'91a argus),
   beautifully  variegated  with  spots  resembling  those in a peacock's
   tail.

                                  Argutation

   Ar`gu*ta"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  argutatio.  See Argue.] Caviling; subtle
   disputation. [Obs.]

                                    Argute

   Ar*gute" (#), a. [L. argutus, p. p. of arguere. See Argue.]

   1. Sharp; shrill. [Obs.] Johnson.

   2. Sagacious; acute; subtle; shrewd.

     The active preacher . . . the argue schoolman. Milman.

                                   Argutely

   Ar*gute"ly, adv. In a subtle; shrewdly.

                                  Arguteness

   Ar*gute"ness, n. Acuteness. Dryden.

                   Arhizal, Arhizous, Arhythmic, Arhythmous

   A*rhi"zal  (#), A*rhi"zous (#), A*rhyth"*mic (#), A*rhyth"mous (#), a.
   See Arrhizal, Arrhizous, Arrhythmic, Arrhythmous.

                                     Aria

   A"ri*a (#), n. [It., fr. L. a\'89r. See Air.] (Mus.) An air or song; a
   melody; a tune.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e It alian te rm is  no w mo stly used for the more
     elaborate  accompanied  melodies sung by a single voice, in operas,
     oratorios, cantatas, anthems, etc., and not so much for simple airs
     or tunes.

                                     Arian

   Ar"ian (#), a. & n. (Ethnol.) See Aryan.

                                     Arian

   A"ri*an  (#), a. [L. Arianus.] Pertaining to Arius, a presbyter of the
   church  of  Alexandria,  in the fourth century, or to the doctrines of
   Arius,  who held Christ to be inferior to God the Father in nature and
   dignity, though the first and noblest of all created beings. -- n. One
   who adheres to or believes the doctrines of Arius. Mosheim.

                                   Arianism

   A"ri*an*ism (#), n. The doctrines of the Arians.

                                   Arianize

   A"ri*an*ize (#), v. i. To admit or accept the tenets of the Arians; to
   become an Arian.

                                   Arianize

   A"ri*an*ize, v. t. To convert to Arianism.

                                    Aricine

   Ar"i*cine  (#),  n. [From Arica, in Chile.] (Chem.) An alkaloid, first
   found in white cinchona bark.

                                     Arid

   Ar"id  (#),  a.  [L.  aridus,  fr.  arere  to  be  dry: cf. F. aride.]
   Exhausted  of  moisture;  parched  with  heat;  dry;  barren. "An arid
   waste." Thomson.

                                    Aridity

   A*rid"i*ty (#), n.; pl. Aridities (#). [L. ariditas, fr. aridus.]

   1. The state or quality of being arid or without moisture; dryness.

   2.  Fig.: Want of interest of feeling; insensibility; dryness of style
   or feeling; spiritual drought. Norris.

                                   Aridness

   Ar"id*ness (#), n. Aridity; dryness.

                          Ariel, n., OR Ariel gazelle

   A"ri*el  (#),  n., OR A"ri*el ga*zelle" (#). [Ar. aryil, ayyil, stag.]
   (Zo\'94l.) A) A variety of the gazelle (Antilope, or Gazella, dorcas),
   found in Arabia and adjacent countries. (b) A squirrel-like Australian
   marsupial,  a  species  of  Petaurus. (c) A beautiful Brazilian toucan
   Ramphastos ariel).

                                     Aries

   A"ri*es, n. [L.]

   1. (Astron.) (a) The Ram; the first of the twelve signs in the zodiac,
   which  the  sun enters at the vernal equinox, about the 21st of March.
   (b)  A  constellation  west of Taurus, drawn on the celestial globe in
   the figure of a ram.

   2. (Rom. Antiq.) A battering-ram.

                                   Arietate

   Ar"i*e*tate  (#),  v.  i.  [L. arietatus, p. p. of arietare, fr. aries
   ram.] To butt, as a ram. [Obs.]

                                  Arietation

   Ar`i*e*ta"tion (#), n. [L. arietatio.]

   1. The act of butting like a ram; act of using a battering-ram. [Obs.]
   Bacon.

   2. Act of striking or conflicting. [R.] Glanvill.

                               Arietta, Ariette

   A`ri*et"ta  (#),  Ar`i*ette"  (#),  n.  [It. arietta, dim. of aria; F.
   ariette.]  (Mus.)  A  short aria, or air. "A military ariette." Sir W.
   Scott.

                                    Aright

   A*right"  (#), adv. [Pref. a- + right.] Rightly; correctly; in a right
   way or form; without mistake or crime; as, to worship God aright.

                                 Aril, Arillus

   Ar"il (#), A*ril"lus (#), n. [From LL. arilli dry grapes, perh. fr. L.
   aridus  dry:  cf.  F,.  arille.] (Bot.) A exterior covering, forming a
   false  coat  or  appendage  to  a  seed, as the loose, transparent bag
   inclosing  the seed or the white water lily. The mace of the nutmeg is
   also an aril. Gray.

                          Arillate . Arllated, Ariled

   Ar"il*late  (#).  Ar"l*la`ted (#), Ar"iled (#), a. [Cf. NL. arillatus,
   F. arill\'82.] Having an aril.

                                    Ariman

   A"ri*man (#), n. See Ahriman.

                                  Ariolation

   Ar`i*o*la"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ariolatio, hariolatio, fr. hariolari to
   prophesy,  fr.  hariolus  soothsayer.]  A  soothsaying; a foretelling.
   [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                    Ariose

   Ar"i*ose  (#),  a. [It. arioso, fr. aria.] Characterized by melody, as
   distinguished from harmony.

     Mendelssohn  wants the ariose beauty of Handel; vocal melody is not
     his forte; the interest of his airs harmonic. Foreign Quart. Rev.

                                    Arioso

   A`ri*o"so  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [It.] (Mus.) In the smooth and melodious
   style of an air; ariose.

                                     Arise

   A*rise"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp. Arose (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Arising; p. p.
   Arisen  (#).].  [AS.  \'ber\'c6san; \'be (equiv. to Goth. us-, ur-, G.
   er-,  orig.  meaning  out)  +  r\'c6san to rise; cf. Goth. urreisan to
   arise. See Rise.]

   1.  To  come  up  from a lower to a higher position; to come above the
   horizon;  to  come  up from one's bed or place of repose; to mount; to
   ascend;  to rise; as, to arise from a kneeling posture; a cloud arose;
   the sun ariseth; he arose early in the morning.

   2.  To  spring  up;  to  come into action, being, or notice; to become
   operative,  sensible,  or  visible; to begin to act a part; to present
   itself; as, the waves of the sea arose; a persecution arose; the wrath
   of the king shall arise.

     There arose up a new king . . . which knew not Joseph. Ex. i. 8.

     The doubts that in his heart arose. Milton.

   3. To proceed; to issue; to spring.

     Whence  haply  mention  may  arise Of something not unseasonable to
     ask. Milton.

                                     Arise

   A*rise", n. Rising. [Obs.] Drayton.

                                     Arist

   A*rist" (#), 3d sing. pres. of Arise, for ariseth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Arista

   A*ris"ta (#), n. [L.] (Bot.) An awn. Gray.

                                   Aristarch

   Ar"is*tarch  (#), n. [From Aristarchus, a Greek grammarian and critic,
   of Alexandria, about 200 b. c.] A severe critic. Knowles.

                                 Aristarchian

   Ar`is*tar"chi*an (#), a. Severely critical.

                                  Aristarchy

   Ar"is*tar`chy (#), n. Severely criticism.

                                  Aristarchy

   Ar"is*tar`chy (#), n. Severe criticism. [Obs.] Sir J. Harrington.

                                   Aristate

   A*ris"tate (#), a. [L. aristatus, fr. arista. See Arista.]

   1. (Bot.) Having a pointed, beardlike process, as the glumes of wheat;
   awned. Gray.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) Having a slender, sharp, or spinelike tip.

                                  Aristocracy

   Ar`is*toc"ra*cy  (#),  n.;  pl. Aristocracies (#). [Gr. arm, and orig.
   meant  fitting:  cf.  F.  aristocratie.  See Arm, and Create, which is
   related to Gr.

   1. Government by the best citizens.

   2. A ruling body composed of the best citizens. [Obs.]

     In  the  Senate Right not our quest in this, I will protest them To
     all the world, no aristocracy. B. Jonson.

   3.  A  form  a government, in which the supreme power is vested in the
   principal persons of a state, or in a privileged order; an oligarchy.

     The  aristocracy of Venice hath admitted so many abuses, trough the
     degeneracy  of  the  nobles,  that the period of its duration seems
     approach. Swift.

   4.  The  nobles  or  chief  persons  in a state; a privileged class or
   patrician order; (in a popular use) those who are regarded as superior
   to the rest of the community, as in rank, fortune, or intellect.

                                  Aristocrat

   A*ris"to*crat (?; 277), n. [F. aristocrate. See Aristocracy.]

   1.  One  of the aristocracy or people of rank in a community; one of a
   ruling class; a noble.

   2.  One who is overbearing in his temper or habits; a proud or haughty
   person.

     A born aristocrat, bred radical. Mrs. Browning.

   3.  One who favors an aristocracy as a form of government, or believes
   the aristocracy should govern.

     His whole family are accused of being aristocrats. Romilly.

                         Aristocratic, Aristocratical

   Ar`is*to*crat"ic     (#),    Ar`is*to*crat"ic*al    (#),    a.    [Gr.
   aristocratique.]

   1.  Of  or pertaining to an aristocracy; consisting in, or favoring, a
   government   of   nobles,   or  principal  men;  as,  an  aristocratic
   constitution.

   2. Partaking of aristocracy; befitting aristocracy; characteristic of,
   or  originating  with,  the  aristocracy; as, an aristocratic measure;
   aristocratic  pride  or  manners.  --  Ar`is*to*crat"ic*al*ly, adv. --
   Ar`is*to*crat"ic*al*ness, n.

                                 Aristocratism

   Ar"is*to*crat`ism (#), n.

   1. The principles of aristocrats. Romilly.

   2. Aristocrats, collectively. [R.]

                                  Aristology

   Ar`is*tol"o*gy (#), n. [Gr. -logy.] The science of dining. Quart. Rev.

                                 Aristophanic

   Ar`is*to*phan"ic  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  Aristophanes,  the
   Athenian comic poet.

                                 Aristotelian

   Ar`is*to*te"li*an  (?;  277),  a.  Of  or pertaining to Aristotle, the
   famous  Greek  philosopher  (384-322  b.  c.).  --  n.  A  follower of
   Aristotle; a Peripatetic. See Peripatetic.

                                Aristotelianism

   Ar`is*to*te"li*an*ism  (#).  The  philosophy  of  Aristotle, otherwise
   called the Peripatetic philosophy.

                                  Aristotelic

   Ar`is*to*tel"ic  (#), a. Pertaining to Aristotle or to his philosophy.
   "Aristotelic usage." Sir W. Hamilton.

                              Aristotle's lantern

   Ar"is*to`tle's  lan"tern  (#).  (Zo\'94l.)  The  five  united jaws and
   accessory ossicles of certain sea urchins.

                                  Aristulate

   A*ris"tu*late  (?;  135),  a.  [Dim.  fr. arista.] (Bot.) Pertaining a
   short beard or awn. Gray.

                                  Arithmancy

   Ar"ith*man`cy (#), n. [Gr. -mancy.] Divination by means of numbers.

                                  Arithmetic

   A*rith"me*tic (#), n. [OE. arsmetike, OF. arismetique, L. arithmetica,
   fr.  Gr.  arm,  the  idea  of  counting  coming  from that of fitting,
   attaching.  See Arm. The modern Eng. and French forms are accommodated
   to the Greek.]

   1. The science of numbers; the art of computation by figures.

   2. A book containing the principles of this science.
   Arithmetic  of  sines,  trigonometry.  --  Political  arithmetic,  the
   application of the science of numbers to problems in civil government,
   political  economy,  and  social science. -- Universal arithmetic, the
   name given by Sir Isaac Newton to algebra.

                                 Arithmetical

   Ar`ith*met"ic*al  (#), a. Of or pertaining to arithmetic; according to
   the  rules  or  method  of  arithmetic.  Arithmetical  complement of a
   logarithm.   See   Logarithm.  --  Arithmetical  mean.  See  Mean.  --
   Arithmetical progression. See Progression. -- Arithmetical proportion.
   See Proportion.

                                Arithmetically

   Ar`ith*met"ic*al*ly,  adv. Conformably to the principles or methods of
   arithmetic.

                                 Arithmetician

   A*rith`me*ti"cian  (#),  n.  [Cf. F. arithm\'82ticien.] One skilled in
   arithmetic.

                                 Arithmomancy

   A*rith"mo*man"cy (#), n. Arithmancy.

                                 Arithmometer

   Ar`ith*mom"e*ter  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -meter:  cf.  F. arithmom\'8atre.] A
   calculating machine.

                                      Ark

   Ark  (#), n. [OE. ark, arke, arche, AS. arc, earc, earce, fr. L. arca,
   fr. arcere to inclose, keep off; akin to Gr.

   1. A chest, or coffer. [Obs.]

     Bearing that precious relic in an ark. Spenser.

   2. (Jewish Hist.) The oblong chest of acacia wood, overlaid with gold,
   which  supported  the mercy seat with its golden cherubs, and occupied
   the  most  sacred  place  in the sanctuary. In it Moses placed the two
   tables  of  stone containing the ten commandments. Called also the Ark
   of the Covenant.

   3.  The  large,  chestlike  vessel  in  which Noah and his family were
   preserved during the Deluge. Gen. vi. Hence: Any place of refuge.

   4.  A  large  flatboat  used  on  Western American rivers to transport
   produce to market.

                                    Arkite

   Ark"ite (#), a. Belonging to the ark. [R.] Faber.

                                   Ark shell

   Ark"  shell`  (#).  (Zo\'94l.) A marine bivalve shell belonging to the
   genus Arca and its allies.

                                     Arles

   Arles  (#), n. pl. [Cf. F. arrhes, Scot. airles. Cf. Earles penny.] An
   earnest;  earnest  money;  money paid to bind a bargain. [Scot.] Arles
   penny, earnest money given to servants. Kersey.

                                      Arm

   Arm  (#),  n.  [AS.  arm, earm; akin to OHG. aram, G., D., Dan., & Sw.
   arm,  Icel. armr, Goth. arms, L. armus arm, shoulder, and prob. to Gr.
   rame. Art, Article.]

   1.  The  limb of the human body which extends from the shoulder to the
   hand; also, the corresponding limb of a monkey.

   2.  Anything resembling an arm; as, (a) The fore limb of an animal, as
   of  a  bear.  (b)  A  limb,  or  locomotive or prehensile organ, of an
   invertebrate  animal. (c) A branch of a tree. (d) A slender part of an
   instrument  or machine, projecting from a trunk, axis, or fulcrum; as,
   the  arm  of a steelyard. (e) (Naut) The end of a yard; also, the part
   of  an  anchor which ends in the fluke. (f) An inlet of water from the
   sea. (g) A support for the elbow, at the side of a chair, the end of a
   sofa, etc.

   3. Fig.: Power; might; strength; support; as, the secular arm; the arm
   of the law.

     To whom is the arm of the Lord revealed? Isa. lii. 1.

   Arm's  end,  the end of the arm; a good distance off. Dryden. -- Arm's
   length,  the  length of the arm. -- Arm's reach, reach of the arm; the
   distance  the arm can reach. -- To go (or walk) arm in arm, to go with
   the  arm  or  hand  of  one linked in the arm of another. "When arm in
   armwe  went along." Tennyson. -- To keep at arm's length, to keep at a
   distance  (literally or figuratively); not to allow to come into close
   contact  or  familiar intercourse. -- To work at arm's length, to work
   disadvantageously.

                                      Arm

   Arm,  n.  [See Arms.] (Mil.) (a) A branch of the military service; as,
   the  cavalry  arm  was  made  efficient.  (b)  A  weapon of offense or
   defense; an instrument of warfare; -- commonly in the pl.

                                      Arm

   Arm,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Armed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Arming.] [OE.
   armen, F. armer, fr. L. armare, fr. arma, pl., arms. See arms.]

   1. To take by the arm; to take up in one's arms. [Obs.]

     And  make  him with our pikes and partisans A grave: come, arm him.
     Shak.

     Arm your prize; I know you will not lose him. Two N. Kins.

   2. To furnish with arms or limbs. [R.]

     His shoulders broad and strong, Armed long and round. Beau. & Fl.

   3.  To furnish or equip with weapons of offense or defense; as, to arm
   soldiers; to arm the country.

     Abram . . . armed his trained servants. Gen. xiv. 14.

   4.  To  cover  or  furnish  with  a  plate,  or with whatever will add
   strength,  force,  security,  or  efficiency;  as, to arm the hit of a
   sword; to arm a hook in angling.

   5.  Fig.: To furnish with means of defense; to prepare for resistance;
   to fortify, in a moral sense.

     Arm yourselves . . . with the same mind. 1 Pet. iv. 1.

   To arm a magnet, to fit it with an armature.

                                      Arm

   Arm,  v.  i.  To  provide  one's  self with arms, weapons, or means of
   attack  or resistance; to take arms. " 'Tis time to arm." Shak. <-- p.
   82 -->

                                    Armada

   Ar*ma"da (#), n. [Sp. armada, L. as if armata (sc. classic fleet), fr.
   armatus,  p.  p.  of  armare.  See  Arm, v. t. Army.] A fleet of armed
   ships;  a  squadron. Specifically, the Spanish fleet which was sent to
   assail England, a. d. 1558.

                                   Armadillo

   Ar`ma*dil"lo  (#),  n.;  pl.  Armadillos  (#). [Sp. armadillo, dim. of
   armado armed, p. p. of armar to arm. Do called from being armed with a
   bony  shell.]  (Zo\'94l.)  (a)  Any  edentate  animal  if  the  family
   Dasypid\'91,  peculiar to America. The body and head are incased in an
   armor  composed  of  small  bony  plates. The armadillos burrow in the
   earth,  seldom  going abroad except at night. When attacked, they curl
   up into a ball, presenting the armor on all sides. Their flesh is good
   food.  There  are several species, one of which (the peba) is found as
   far  north  as  Texas.  See Peba, Poyou, Tatouay. (b) A genus of small
   isopod Crustacea that can roll themselves into a ball.

                                    Armado

   Ar*ma"do (#), n. Armada. [Obs.]

                                   Armament

   Ar"ma*ment  (#), n. [L. armamenta, pl., utensils, esp. the tackle of a
   ship, fr. armare to arm: cf. LL. armamentum, F. armement.]

   1.  A  body  of  forces  equipped  for war; -- used of a land or naval
   force. "The whole united armament of Greece." Glover.

   2.  (Mil.  &  Nav.)  All  the cannon and small arms collectively, with
   their equipments, belonging to a ship or a fortification.

   3. Any equipment for resistance.

                                  Armamentary

   Ar`ma*men"ta*ry  (#),  n.  [L.  armamentarium,  fr. armamentum: cf. F.
   armamentaire.] An armory; a magazine or arsenal. [R.]

                                   Armature

   Ar"ma*ture  (#),  n. [L. armatura, fr. armare to arm: cf. F. armature.
   See Arm, v. t., Armor.]

   1.  Armor;  whatever is worn or used for the protection and defense of
   the body, esp. the protective outfit of some animals and plants.

   2. (Magnetism) A piece of soft iron used to connect the two poles of a
   magnet,  or  electro-magnet,  in  order to complete the circuit, or to
   receive  and  apply  the  magnetic  force.  In  the ordinary horseshoe
   magnet, it serves to prevent the dissipation of the magnetic force.

   3.  (Arch.)  Iron  bars or framing employed for the consolidation of a
   building,  as in sustaining slender columns, holding up canopies, etc.
   Oxf. Gloss.

                                   Armchair

   Arm"chair`  (#),  n.  A  chair  with  arms  to  support  the elbows or
   forearms. Tennyson.

                                     Armed

   Armed (#), a.

   1.  Furnished  with  weapons of offense or defense; furnished with the
   means of security or protection. "And armed host." Dryden.

   2.   Furnished  with  whatever  serves  to  add  strength,  force,  or
   efficiency.

     A distemper eminently armed from heaven. De Foe.

   3. (Her.) Having horns, beak, talons, etc; -- said of beasts and birds
   of prey.
   Armed   at  all  points  (Blazoning),  completely  incased  in  armor,
   sometimes described as armed cap-\'85-pie. Cussans. -- Armed en flute.
   (Naut.)  See  under  Flute. -- Armed magnet, a magnet provided with an
   armature. -- Armed neutrality. See under Neutrality.

                                   Armenian

   Ar*me"ni*an (#), a. [Cf. F. Arm\'82nien, L. Armenias, fr. Armenia.] Of
   or  pertaining  to  Armenia.  Armenian  bole, a soft clayey earth of a
   bright  red  color  found in Armenia, Tuscany, etc. -- Armenian stone.
   (a) The commercial name of lapis lazuli. (b) Emery.

                                   Armenian

   Ar*me"ni*an, n.

   1. A native or one of the people of Armenia; also, the language of the
   Armenians.

   2.  (Eccl.  Hist.) An adherent of the Armenian Church, an organization
   similar in some doctrines and practices to the Greek Church, in others
   to the Roman Catholic.

                                     Armet

   Arm"et  (#),  n.  [F.,  dim.  of  arme  arm,  or corrupted for healmet
   helmet.] A kind of helmet worn in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries.

                                    Armful

   Arm"ful (#), n.; pl. Armfulus (#). As much as the arm can hold.

                                   Armgaunt

   Arm"gaunt`  (#),  a.  With  gaunt  or  slender  legs. (?) "An armgaunt
   steed." Shak.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is word is peculiar to Shakespeare. Its meaning has
     not yet been satisfactorily explained.

                                   Arm-gret

   Arm"-gret` (#), a. Great as a man's arm. [Obs.]

     A wreath of gold, arm-gret. Chaucer.

                                    Armhole

   Arm"hole` (#), n. [Arm + hole.]

   1. The cavity under the shoulder; the armpit. Bacon.

   2. A hole for the arm in a garment.

                                  Armiferous

   Ar*mif"er*ous (#), a. [L. armifer; arma arms + ferre to bear.] Bearing
   arms or weapons. [R.]

                                    Armiger

   Ar"mi*ger  (#),  n.  [L.  armiger  armor bearer; arma arms + gerere to
   bear.]  Formerly, an armor bearer, as of a knight, an esquire who bore
   his  shield  and  rendered  other  services. In later use, one next in
   degree to a knight, and entitled to armorial bearings. The term is now
   superseded by esquire. Jacob.

                                  Armigerous

   Ar*mig"er*ous (#), a. Bearing arms. [R.]

     They  belonged  to  the armigerous part of the population, and were
     entitled to write themselves Esquire. De Quincey.

                                     Armil

   Ar"mil  (#),  n.  [L.  armilla  a  bracelet,  fr.  armus  arm: cf. OF.
   armille.]

   1. A bracelet. [Obs.]

   2. An ancient astronomical instrument.

     NOTE: &hand; Wh en co mposed of one ring placed in the plane of the
     equator  for determining the time of the equinoxes, it is called an
     equinoctial  armil;  when of two or more rings, one in the plane of
     the   meridian,  for  observing  the  solstices,  it  is  called  a
     solstitial armil.

   Whewell.

                                    Armilla

   Ar*mil"la  (#),  n.;  pl.  E.  Armillas (#), L. Armill\'91 (#). [L., a
   bracelet.]

   1. An armil.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) A ring of hair or feathers on the legs.

                                   Armillary

   Ar"mil*la*ry  (#),  a.  [LL.  armillarius,  fr.  L.  armilla arm ring,
   bracelet,  fr.  armus  arm: cf. F. armillaire. See Arm, n.] Pertaining
   to, or resembling, a bracelet or ring; consisting of rings or circles.
   Armillary  sphere,  an  ancient  astronomical  machine  composed of an
   assemblage  of  rings,  all  circles  of  the same sphere, designed to
   represent  the  positions  of  the  important circles of the celestial
   sphere. Nichol.

                                    Arming

   Arm"ing (#), n.

   1. The act of furnishing with, or taking, arms.

     The arming was now universal. Macaulay.

   2.  (Naut.) A piece of tallow placed in a cavity at the lower end of a
   sounding  lead, to bring up the sand, shells, etc., of the sea bottom.
   Totten.

   3.  pl. (Naut.) Red dress cloths formerly hung fore and aft outside of
   a ship's upper works on holidays.
   Arming press (Bookbinding), a press for stamping titles and designs on
   the covers of books.

                                   Arminian

   Ar*min"i*an  (?;  277),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  Arminius  of  his
   followers, or to their doctrines. See note under Arminian, n.

                                   Arminian

   Ar*min"i*an,  n. (Eccl. Hist.) One who holds the tenets of Arminius, a
   Dutch divine (b. 1560, d. 1609).

     NOTE: The Ar minian do ctrines ar e: 1.  Co nditional el ection and
     reprobation, in opposition to absolute predestination. 2. Universal
     redemption,  or  that  the  atonement  was  made  by Christ for all
     mankind, though none but believers can be partakers of the benefit.
     3.  That  man, in order to exercise true faith, must be regenerated
     and  renewed by the operation of the Holy Spirit, which is the gift
     of  God.  4.  That  man  may  resist  divine grace. 5. That man may
     relapse from a state of grace.

                                  Arminianism

   Ar*min"i*an*ism  (#),  n.  The  religious  doctrines  or tenets of the
   Arminians.

                                  Armipotence

   Ar*mip"o*tence  (#),  n.  [L. armipotentia, fr. armipotents.] Power in
   arms. [R.] Johnson.

                                  Armipotent

   Ar*mip"o*tent (#), a. [L. armipotents; arma arms + potens powerful, p.
   pr. of posse to be able.] Powerful in arms; mighty in battle.

     The temple stood of Mars armipotent. Dryden.

                            Armisonant, Armisonous

   Ar*mis"o*nant  (#),  Ar*mis"o*nous  (#), a. [L. armisonus; arma arms +
   sonare  (p.  pr.  sonans) to sound.] Rustling in arms; resounding with
   arms. [Obs.]

                                   Armistice

   Ar"mis*tice   (#),   n.  [F.  armistice,  fr.  (an  assumed  word)  L.
   armistitium;  arma  arms + stare, statum (combining form, -stitum), to
   stand  still.]  A cessation of arms for a short time, by convention; a
   temporary suspension of hostilities by agreement; a truce.

                                    Armless

   Arm"less (#), a.

   1. Without any arm or branch.

   2. Destitute of arms or weapons.

                                    Armlet

   Arm"let (#), n. [Arm + -let.]

   1. A small arm; as, an armlet of the sea. Johnson.

   2. An arm ring; a bracelet for the upper arm.

   3. Armor for the arm.

                                   Armoniac

   Ar*mo"ni*ac (#), a. Ammoniac. [Obs.]

                                     Armor

   Ar"mor  (#),  n.  [OE.  armure,  fr.  F.  armure,  OF. armeure, fr. L.
   armatura. See Armature.] [Spelt also armour.]

   1.  Defensive  arms  for  the  body;  any clothing or covering worn to
   protect one's person in battle.

     NOTE: &hand; In  En glish st atues, ar mor is  us ed fo r the whole
     apparatus  of  war,  including offensive as well as defensive arms.
     The statues of armor directed what arms every man should provide.

   2.  Steel or iron covering, whether of ships or forts, protecting them
   from the fire of artillery.
   Coat  armor,  the  escutcheon  of a person or family, with its several
   charges  and  other  furniture, as mantling, crest, supporters, motto,
   etc.  --  Submarine,  a water-tight dress or covering for a diver. See
   under Submarine.

                                 Armor-bearer

   Ar"mor-bear`er  (#),  n. One who carries the armor or arms of another;
   an armiger. Judg. ix. 54.

                                    Armored

   Ar"mored (#), a. Clad with armor.

                                    Armorer

   Ar"mor*er  (#),  n. [OE. armurer, armerer, fr. F. armurter, fr. armure
   armor.]

   1. One who makes or repairs armor or arms.

   2.  Formerly,  one who had care of the arms and armor of a knight, and
   who dressed him in armor. Shak.

   3.  One  who  has  the care of arms and armor, cleans or repairs them,
   etc.

                                   Armorial

   Ar*mo"ri*al  (#),  a. [F. armorial, fr. armoiries arms, coats of arms,
   for  armoieries,  fr.  OF.  armoier  to paint arms, coats of arms, fr.
   armes,  fr.  L. arma. See Arms, Armory.] Belonging to armor, or to the
   heraldic arms or escutcheon of a family.

     Figures with armorial signs of race and birth. Wordsworth.

   Armorial bearings. See Arms, 4.

                              Armoric, Armorican

   Ar*mor"ic  (#),  Ar*mor"i*can (#), a. [L. Armoricus, fr. Celtic ar on,
   at  +  mor  sea.]  Of or pertaining to the northwestern part of France
   (formerly  called  Armorica,  now  Bretagne  or  Brittany),  or to its
   people.  --  n. The language of the Armoricans, a Celtic dialect which
   has remained to the present times.

                                   Armorican

   Ar*mor"i*can, n. A native of Armorica.

                                   Armorist

   Ar"mor*ist  (#),  n.  [F.  armoriste.]  One  skilled  in coat armor or
   heraldry. Cussans.

                                 Armor-plated

   Ar"mor-plat`ed  (#),  a.  Covered with defensive plates of metal, as a
   ship of war; steel-clad.

     This  day  will  be  launched  .  .  . the first armor-plated steam
     frigate in the possession of Great Britain. Times (Dec. 29, 1860).

                                    Armory

     Ar"mo*ry  (#),  n.;  pl.  Armories  (#).  [OF. armaire, armarie, F.
     armoire,  fr. L. armarium place for keeping arms; but confused with
     F. armoiries. See Armorial, Ambry.]

     1. A place where arms and instruments of war are deposited for safe
     keeping.

     2. Armor: defensive and offensive arms.

     Celestial armory, shields, helms, and spears. Milton.

     3.  A  manufactory  of arms, as rifles, muskets, pistols, bayonets,
     swords. [U.S.]

     4. Ensigns armorial; armorial bearings. Spensplw.

     5. That branch of hplwaldry which treats of coat armor.

     The science of heraldry, or, more justly speaking, armory, which is
     but  one  branch  of  heraldry,  is, without doubt, of very ancient
     origin. Cussans.

                              Armozeen, Armozine

     Ar`mo*zeen",  Ar`mo*zine"  (#), n. [ets>armosin, armoisin.] A thick
     plain silk, generally black, and used for clerical. Simmonds.

                                    Armpit

     Arm"pit`  (#),  n.  [Arm + pit.] The hollow beneath the junction of
     the arm and shoulder; the axilla.

                                    Armrack

     Arm"rack`  (#),  n.  A frame, generally vertical, for holding small
     arms.

                                     Arms

     Arms  (#), n. pl. [OE. armes, F. arme, pl. armes, fr. L. arma, pl.,
     arms,  orig. fittings, akin to armus shoulder, and E. arm. See Arm,
     n.]

     1. Instruments or weapons of offense or defense.

     He lays down his arms, but not his wiles. Milton.

     Three horses and three goodly suits of arms. Tennyson.

     2. The deeds or exploits of war; military service or science. "Arms
     and the man I sing." Dryden.

     3. (Law) Anything which a man takes in his hand in anger, to strike
     or assault another with; an aggressive weapon. Cowell. Blackstone.

     4.  (Her.)  The ensigns armorial of a family, consisting of figures
     and colors borne in shields, banners, etc., as marks of dignity and
     distinction, and descending from father to son.

     5.  (Falconry)  The  legs  of  a  hawk  from the thigh to the foot.
     Halliwell.

   Bred  to  arms,  educated  to the profession of a soldier. -- In arms,
   armed  for  war;  in  a  state  of  hostility. -- Small arms, portable
   firearms  known as muskets, rifles, carbines, pistols, etc. -- A stand
   of  arms,  a  complete  set  for  one  soldier,  as a musket, bayonet,
   cartridge  box  and belt; frequently, the musket and bayonet alone. --
   To arms! a summons to war or battle. -- Under arms, armed and equipped
   and  in  readiness  for  battle,  or for a military parade. Arm's end,
   Arm's length, Arm's reach. See under Arm.

                                    Armure

   Ar"mure (#), n. [F. See Armor.]

   1. Armor. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. A variety of twilled fabric ribbed on the surface.

                                     Army

   Ar"my  (#),  n. [F. arm\'82e, fr. L. armata, fem. of armatus, p. p. of
   armare to arm. Cf. Armada.]

   1.  A  collection  or body of men armed for war, esp. one organized in
   companies,  battalions,  regiments,  brigades,  and  divisions,  under
   proper officers.

   2. A body of persons organized for the advancement of a cause; as, the
   Blue Ribbon Army.

   3. A great number; a vast multitude; a host.

     An army of good words. Shak.

   Standing   army,   a  permanent  army  of  professional  soldiers,  as
   distinguished from militia or volunteers.

                                   Army worm

   Ar"my  worm`  (#). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lepidopterous insect, which in the
   larval  state  often  travels in great multitudes from field to field,
   destroying  grass, grain, and other crops. The common army worm of the
   northern  United  States  is  Leucania  unipuncta.  The  name is often
   applied to other related species, as the cotton worm. (b) The larva of
   a  small two-winged fly (Sciara), which marches in large companies, in
   regular order. See Cotton worm, under Cotton.

                                  Arna, Arnee

   Ar"na  (#),  Ar"nee (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) The wild buffalo of India (Bos,
   or  Bubalus,  arni),  larger  than  the  domestic  buffalo  and having
   enormous horns.

                                    Arnatto

   Ar*nat"to (#), n. See Annotto.

                                    Arnica

   Ar"ni*ca  (#),  n. [Prob. a corruption of ptarmica.] (Bot.) A genus of
   plants;  also,  the most important species (Arnica montana), native of
   the mountains of Europe, used in medicine as a narcotic and stimulant.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e ti ncture of  ar nica is  applied externally as a
     remedy for bruises, sprains, etc.

                                    Arnicin

   Ar"ni*cin  (#), n. [See Arnica.] (Chem.) An active principle of Arnica
   montana. It is a bitter resin.

                                   Arnicine

   Ar"ni*cine (#), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid obtained from the arnica plant.

                                 Arnot, Arnut

   Ar"not  (#),  Ar"nut  (#),  n.  [Cf.  D.  aardnoot,  E.  earthut.] The
   earthnut. [Obs.]

                                    Arnotto

   Ar*not"to (#), n. Same as Annotto.

                               Aroid, Aroideous

   A"roid  (#),  A*roid"e*ous (#), a. [Arum + -oid.] (Bot.) Belonging to,
   or resembling, the Arum family of plants.

                                    Aroint

   A*roint"  (#),  interj. [Cf. Prov. E. rynt, rynt thee, roynt, or runt,
   terms  used  by  milkmaids  to a cow that has been milked, in order to
   drive  her  away,  to make room for others; AS. r to make room or way,
   fr.  r  room.  The final t is perh. for ta, for thou. Cf. Room space.]
   Stand off, or begone. [Obs.]

     Aroint thee, witch, the rump-fed ronyon cries. Shak.

                                    Aroint

   A*roint",  v.  t.  To  drive  or  scare  off by some exclamation. [R.]
   "Whiskered cats arointed flee." Mrs. Browning.

                                     Aroma

   A*ro"ma (#), n. [L. aroma, Gr. aromaz, aromat, spice, F. aromate.]

   1.  The  quality  or  principle  of  plants  or other substances which
   constitutes their fragrance; agreeable odor; as, the aroma of coffee.

   2. Fig.: The fine diffusive quality of intellectual power; flavor; as,
   the subtile aroma of genius.

                             Aromatic, Aromatical

   Ar`o*mat"ic   (#),   Ar`o*mat"ic*al   (#),   a.  [L.  aromaticus,  Gr.
   aromatique. See Aroma.] Pertaining to, or containing, aroma; fragrant;
   spicy; strong-scented; odoriferous; as, aromatic balsam. <-- p. 83 -->
   Aromatic compound (Chem.), one of a large class of organic substances,
   as  the  oils  of  bitter  almonds,  wintergreen,  and turpentine, the
   balsams,  camphors,  etc.,  many  of which have an aromatic odor. They
   include many of the most important of the carbon compounds and may all
   be  derived from the benzene group, C6H6. The term is extended also to
   many of their derivatives. -- Aromatic vinegar. See under Vinegar.

                                   Aromatic

   Ar`o*mat"ic  (#),  n.  A  plant, drug, or medicine, characterized by a
   fragrant  smell,  and  usually  by  a  warm, pungent taste, as ginger,
   cinnamon spices.

                                 Aromatization

   Ar`o*mat`i*za"tion   (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  aromatisation.]  The  act  of
   impregnating or secting with aroma.

                                   Aromatize

   A*ro"ma*tize  (?;  277),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aromatized (#); p. pr. &
   vb.  n.  Aromatizing.] [L. aromatizare, Gr. aromatiser.] To impregnate
   with  aroma; to render aromatic; to give a spicy scent or taste to; to
   perfume. Bacon.

                                  Aromatizer

   A*ro"ma*ti`zer  (#),  n. One who, or that which, aromatizes or renders
   aromatic. Evelyn.

                                   Aromatous

   A*ro"ma*tous (#), a. Aromatic. [Obs.] Caxton.

                                     Aroph

   Ar"oph  (#),  n.  [A  contraction of aroma philosophorum.] A barbarous
   word  used  by the old chemists to designate various medical remedies.
   [Obs.]

                                     Arose

   A*rose" (#). The past or preterit tense of Arise.

                                    Around

   A*round" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + round.]

   1. In a circle; circularly; on every side; round.

   2.  In  a  circuit;  here  and there within the surrounding space; all
   about; as, to travel around from town to town.

   3.  Near;  in  the neighborhood; as, this man was standing around when
   the fight took place. [Colloq. U. S.]

     NOTE: &hand; Se e Ro und, the shorter form, adv. & prep., which, in
     some of the meanings, is more commonly used.

                                    Around

   A*round", prep.

   1.  On  all  sides  of;  encircling;  encompassing;  so as to make the
   circuit of; about.

     A  lambent  flame  arose,  which  gently  spread  Around his brows.
     Dryden.

   2.  From  one part to another of; at random through; about; on another
   side of; as, to travel around the country; a house standing around the
   corner. [Colloq. U. S.]

                                    Arousal

   A*rous"al (#), n. The act of arousing, or the state of being aroused.

     Whatever has associated itself with the arousal and activity of our
     better nature. Hare.

                                    Arouse

   A*rouse"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Aroused (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Arousing.]  [Pref.  a-  +  rouse.] To excite to action from a state of
   rest;  to stir, or put in motion or exertion; to rouse; to excite; as,
   to arouse one from sleep; to arouse the dormant faculties.

     Grasping  his  spear,  forth  issued  to arouse His brother, mighty
     sovereign on the host. Cowper.

     No suspicion was aroused. Merivale.

                                     Arow

   A*row"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a-  +  row.]  In  a  row,  line,  or rank;
   successively; in order. Shak.

     And twenty, rank in rank, they rode arow. Dryden.

                                    Aroynt

   A*roynt" (#), interj. See Aroint.

                                   Arpeggio

   Ar*peg"gio  (#), n. [It., fr. arpeggiare to play on the harp, fr. arpa
   harp.]  (Mus.)  The  production  of  the  tones  of  a  chord in rapid
   succession,  as  in playing the harp, and not simultaneously; a strain
   thus played.

                                 Arpent, Arpen

   Ar"pent  (#),  Ar"pen (#), n. [F. arpent, fr. L. arepennis, arapennis.
   According  to  Columella, a Gallic word for a measure equiv. to half a
   Roman  jugerum.]  Formerly,  a  measure  of land in France, varying in
   different  parts  of  the  country.  The arpent of Paris was 4,088 sq.
   yards,  or  nearly five sixths of an English acre. The woodland arpent
   was about 1 acre, 1 rood, 1 perch, English.

                                  Arpentator

   Ar`pen*ta"tor  (#), n. [See Arpent.] The Anglicized form of the French
   arpenteur, a land surveyor. [R.]

                                    Arpine

   Ar"pine (#), n. An arpent. [Obs.] Webster (1623).

                                   Arquated

   Ar"qua*ted (#), a. Shaped like a bow; arcuate; curved. [R.]

                              Arquebus, Arquebuse

   Ar"que*bus,  Ar"que*buse  (?;  277), n. [F. arquebuse, OF. harquebuse,
   fr. D. haak-bus; cf. G. hakenb\'81chse a gun with a hook. See Hagbut.]
   A sort of hand gun or firearm a contrivance answering to a trigger, by
   which the burning match was applied. The musket was a later invention.
   [Written also harquebus.]

                                  Arquebusade

   Ar`que*bus*ade"  (#),  n.  [F.  arquebusade  shot  of an arquebus; eau
   d'arquebusade a vulnerary for gunshot wounds.]

   1. The shot of an arquebus. Ash.

   2.  A  distilled water from a variety of aromatic plants, as rosemary,
   millefoil,  etc.; -- originally used as a vulnerary in gunshot wounds.
   Parr.

                                  Arquebusier

   Ar`que*bus*ier  (#),  n.  [F.  arquebusier.]  A  soldier armed with an
   arquebus.

     Soldiers  armed  with  guns,  of  whatsoever  sort or denomination,
     appear to have been called arquebusiers. E. Lodge.

                                   Arquifoux

   Ar"qui*foux (#), n. Same as Alquifou.

                                    Arrach

   Ar"rach (#), n. See Orach.

                                    Arrack

   Ar"rack  (?;  277),  n. [Ar. araq sweat, juice, spirituous liquor, fr.
   araqa  to  sweat.  Cf. Rack arrack.] A name in the East Indies and the
   Indian  islands for all ardent spirits. Arrack is often distilled from
   a  fermented  mixture of rice, molasses, and palm wine of the cocoanut
   tree or the date palm, etc.

                                  Arragonite

   Ar*rag"o*nite (#), n. See Aragonite.

                                    Arraign

   Ar*raign"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Arraigned (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Arraigning.]  [OE.  arainen, arenen, OF. aragnier, aranier, araisnier,
   F.  arraisonner,  fr. LL. arrationare to address to call before court;
   L. ad + ratio reason, reasoning, LL. cause, judgment. See Reason.]

   1.  (Law) To call or set as a prisoner at the bar of a court to answer
   to the matter charged in an indictment or complaint. Blackstone.

   2.  To call to account, or accuse, before the bar of reason, taste, or
   any other tribunal.

     They will not arraign you for want of knowledge. Dryden.

     It  is  not  arrogance,  but  timidity, of which the Christian body
     should now be arraigned by the world. I. Taylor.

   Syn.  --  To  accuse;  impeach;  charge;  censure;  criminate; indict;
   denounce. See Accuse.

                                    Arraign

   Ar*raign",  n. Arraignment; as, the clerk of the arraigns. Blackstone.
   Macaulay.

                                    Arraign

   Ar*raign"  (#), v. t. [From OF. aramier, fr. LL. adhramire.] (Old Eng.
   Law)  To  appeal  to;  to  demand;  as,  to arraign an assize of novel
   disseizin.

                                   Arraigner

   Ar*raign"er (#), n. One who arraigns. Coleridge.

                                  Arraignment

   Ar*raign"ment (#), n. [Cf. OF. arraynement, aresnement.]

   1.  (Law)  The act of arraigning, or the state of being arraigned; the
   act  of  calling and setting a prisoner before a court to answer to an
   indictment or complaint.

   2. A calling to an account to faults; accusation.

     In  the  sixth satire, which seems only an Arraignment of the whole
     sex, there is a latent admonition. Dryden.

                             Arraiment, Arrayment

   Ar*rai"ment, Ar*ray"ment (#), n. [From Array, v. t.] Clothes; raiment.
   [Obs.]

                                    Arrange

   Ar*range" (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arranged; p. pr. & vb. n. Arranging
   (#).]  [OE.  arayngen,  OF. arengier, F. arranger, fr. a (L. ad) + OF.
   rengier, rangier, F. ranger. See Range, v. t.]

   1.  To  put  in  proper  order;  to dispose (persons, or parts) in the
   manner  intended,  or best suited for the purpose; as, troops arranged
   for battle.

     So  [they]  came to the market place, and there he arranged his men
     in the streets. Berners.

     [They] were beginning to arrange their hampers. Boswell.

     A mechanism previously arranged. Paley.

   2.  To  adjust or settle; to prepare; to determine; as, to arrange the
   preliminaries  of  an  undertaking.  Syn.  --  Adjust;  adapt;  range;
   dispose; classify.

                                  Arrangement

   Ar*range"ment (#), n. [Cf. F. arrangement.]

   1.  The act of arranging or putting in an orderly condition; the state
   of being arranged or put in order; disposition in suitable form.

   2.  The manner or result of arranging; system of parts disposed in due
   order; regular and systematic classification; as, arrangement of one's
   dress; the Linn\'91an arrangement of plants.

   3.  Preparatory  proceeding  or measure; preparation; as, we have made
   arrangement for receiving company.

   4.  Settlement;  adjustment by agreement; as, the parties have made an
   arrangement   between   themselves   concerning   their   disputes;  a
   satisfactory arrangement.

   5. (Mus.) (a) The adaptation of a composition to voices or instruments
   for  which  it  was  not originally written. (b) A piece so adapted; a
   transcription; as, a pianoforte arrangement of Beethoven's symphonies;
   an orchestral arrangement of a song, an opera, or the like.

                                   Arranger

   Ar*ran"ger (#), n. One who arranges. Burke.

                                    Arrant

   Ar"rant  (#),  a.  [OE.  erraunt,  errant, errand, equiv. to E. errant
   wandering,  which  was first applied to vagabonds, as an errant rogue,
   an errant thief, and hence passed gradually into its present and worse
   sense.  See  Errant.]  Notoriously or pre\'89minently bad; thorough or
   downright, in a bad sense; shameless; unmitigated; as, an arrant rogue
   or coward.

     I discover an arrant laziness in my soul. Fuller.

   2. Thorough or downright, in a good sense. [Obs.]

     An arrant honest woman. Burton.

                                   Arrantly

   Ar"rant*ly, adv. Notoriously, in an ill sense; infamously; impudently;
   shamefully. L'Estrange.

                                     Arras

   Ar"ras  (#),  n.  [From  Arras  the  capital  of Artois, in the French
   Netherlands.] Tapestry; a rich figured fabric; especially, a screen or
   hangings of heavy cloth with interwoven figures.

     Stateliest couches, with rich arras spread. Cowper.

     Behind the arras I'll convey myself. Shak.

                                     Arras

   Ar"ras, v. t. To furnish with an arras. Chapman.

                                   Arrasene

   Ar`ras*ene"  (#), n. [From Arras.] A material of wool or silk used for
   working the figures in embroidery.

                                   Arrastre

   Ar*ras"tre  (#),  n. [Sp.] A rude apparatus for pulverizing ores, esp.
   those containing free gold.

                             Arraswise, Arrasways

   Ar"ras*wise` (#), Ar"ras*ways`, adv. [Prob. a corruption of arriswise.
   See  Arris.]  Placed  in such a position as to exhibit the top and two
   sides,  the  corner  being  in  front;  -- said of a rectangular form.
   Encyc. Brit. Cussans.

                                   Arraught

   Ar*raught"  (#).  [The  past tense of an old v. areach or arreach. Cf.
   Reach, obs. pret. raught.] Obtained; seized. Spenser.

                                     Array

   Ar*ray"  (#),  n.  [OE.  arai,  arrai, OF. arrai, arrei, arroi, order,
   arrangement,  dress,  F.  arroi; a (L. ad) + OF. rai, rei, roi, order,
   arrangement,  fr.  G.  or  Scand.;  cf.  Goth.  raidjan, garaidjan, to
   arrange,  MHG.  gereiten,  Icel. rei\'ebi rigging, harness; akin to E.
   ready. Cf. Ready, Greith, Curry.]

   1.  Order;  a regular and imposing arrangement; disposition in regular
   lines; hence, order of battle; as, drawn up in battle array.

     Wedged together in the closest array. Gibbon.

   2.  The  whole  body  of  persons  thus  placed  in  order; an orderly
   collection; hence, a body of soldiers.

     A gallant array of nobles and cavaliers. Prescott.

   3. An imposing series of things.

     Their long array of sapphire and of gold. Byron.

   4.  Dress;  garments  disposed  in  order  upon  the  person;  rich or
   beautiful apparel. Dryden.

   5.  (Law)  (a)  A  ranking  or  setting  forth in order, by the proper
   officer,  of a jury as impaneled in a cause. (b) The panel itself. (c)
   The whole body of jurors summoned to attend the court.
   To  challenge  the  array (Law), to except to the whole panel. Cowell.
   Tomlins.  Blount.  --  Commission  of array (Eng. Hist.), a commission
   given  by  the prince to officers in every county, to muster and array
   the inhabitants, or see them in a condition for war. Blackstone.
   
                                     Array
                                       
   Ar*ray",  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Arrayed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Arraying.]
   [OE.  araien,  arraien, fr. OE. arraier, arreier, arreer, arroier, fr.
   arrai. See Array, n.] 

   1. To place or dispose in order, as troops for battle; to marshal.

     By  torch  and  trumpet fast arrayed, Each horseman drew his battle
     blade. Campbell.

     These doubts will be arrayed before their minds. Farrar.

   2.  To  deck  or  dress;  to adorn with dress; to cloth to envelop; --
   applied esp. to dress of a splendid kind.

     Pharaoh . . . arrayed him in vestures of fine linen. Gen. xli.

     In gelid caves with horrid gloom arrayed. Trumbull.

   3.  (Law)  To  set in order, as a jury, for the trial of a cause; that
   is, to call them man by man. Blackstone.
   To  array  a  panel, to set forth in order the men that are impaneled.
   Cowell. Tomlins. Syn. -- To draw up; arrange; dispose; set in order.

                                    Arrayer

   Ar*ray"er,  n. One who arrays. In some early English statutes, applied
   to  an  officer  who had care of the soldiers' armor, and who saw them
   duly accoutered.

                                    Arrear

   Ar*rear"  (#),  adv. [OE. arere, OF. arere, ariere, F. arri\'8are, fr.
   L.  ad  +  retro  backward.  See  Rear.]  To  or  in the rear; behind;
   backwards. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Arrear

   Ar*rear", n. That which is behind in payment, or which remains unpaid,
   though  due;  esp. a remainder, or balance which remains due when some
   part  has  been  paid;  arrearage; -- commonly used in the plural, as,
   arrears of rent, wages, or taxes. Locke.

     For  much  I dread due payment by the Greeks Of yesterday's arrear.
     Cowper.

     I have a large arrear of letters to write. J. D. Forbes.

   In arrear OR In arrears, behind; backward; behindhand; in debt.

                                   Arrearage

   Ar*rear"age  (#),  n.  [F. arr\'82rage, fr. arri\'8are, OF. arere. See
   Arrear.]  That  which  remains  unpaid and overdue, after payment of a
   part; arrears.

     The old arrearages . . . being defrayed. Howell.

                               Arrect, Arrected

   Ar*rect" (#), Ar*rect"ed, a. [L. arrectus, p. p. of arrigere to raise,
   erect; ad + regere to lead straight, to direct.]

   1. Lifted up; raised; erect.

   2. Attentive, as a person listening. [Obs.]

     God speaks not the idle and unconcerned hearer, but to the vigilant
     and arrect. Smalridge.

                                    Arrect

   Ar*rect", v. t.

   1. To direct. [Obs.]

     My supplication to you I arrect. Skelton.

   2. [See Aret.] To impute. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

                                   Arrectary

   Ar*rect"a*ry  (#),  n.  [L.  arrectarius,  fr.  arrigere o set up.] An
   upright beam. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

                                 Arrenotokous

   Ar`re*not"o*kous   (#),   a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  Producing  males  from
   unfertilized eggs, as certain wasps and bees.

                                  Arrentation

   Ar`ren*ta"tion  (#).  [Cf.  F.  arrenter  to give or take as rent. See
   Arendator.]  (O.  Eng.  Law)  A  letting or renting, esp. a license to
   inclose  land in a forest with a low hedge and a ditch, under a yearly
   rent.

                                   Arreption

   Ar*rep"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  arripere, arreptum, to seize, snatch; ad +
   rapere to snatch. See Rapacious.] The act of taking away. [Obs.] "This
   arreption was sudden." Bp. Hall.

                                 Arreptitious

   Ar`rep*ti"tious  (#),  a.  [L.  arreptitius.] Snatched away; seized or
   possessed, as a demoniac; raving; mad; crack-brained. [Obs.]

     Odd, arreptitious, frantic extravagances. Howell.

                                    Arrest

   Ar*rest"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Arrested;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Arresting.]   [OE.  aresten,  OF.  arester,  F.  arr\'88ter,  fr.  LL.
   arrestare;  L.  ad + restare to remain, stop; re + stare to stand. See
   Rest remainder.]

   1.  To stop; to check or hinder the motion or action of; as, to arrest
   the current of a river; to arrest the senses.

     Nor could her virtues the relentless hand Of Death arrest. Philips.

   2.  (Law)  To  take,  seize,  or apprehend by authority of law; as, to
   arrest one for debt, or for a crime.

     NOTE: &hand; Af ter his word Shakespeare uses of ("I arrest thee of
     high treason") or on; the modern usage is for.

   3.  To  seize on and fix; to hold; to catch; as, to arrest the eyes or
   attention. Buckminster.

   4. To rest or fasten; to fix; to concentrate. [Obs.]

     We may arrest our thoughts upon the divine mercies. Jer. Taylor.

   Syn.  --  To  obstruct; delay; detain; check; hinder; stop; apprehend;
   seize; lay hold of.

                                    Arrest

   Ar*rest", v. i. To tarry; to rest. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Arrest

   Ar*rest",  n. [OE. arest, arrest, OF. arest, F. arr\'88t, fr. arester.
   See Arrest, v. t., Arr.]

   1.  The  act  of  stopping,  or restraining from further motion, etc.;
   stoppage; hindrance; restraint; as, an arrest of development.

     As the arrest of the air showeth. Bacon.

   2.  (Law)  The taking or apprehending of a person by authority of law;
   legal restraint; custody. Also, a decree, mandate, or warrant.

     William . . . ordered him to be put under arrest. Macaulay.

     [Our  brother Norway] sends out arrests On Fortinbras; which he, in
     brief, obeys. Shak.

     NOTE: &hand; An arrest may be made by seizing or touching the body;
     but  it  is  sufficient  in  the  party  be within the power of the
     officer  and  submit  to  the  arrest. In Admiralty law, and in old
     English practice, the term is applied to the seizure of property.

   3. Any seizure by power, physical or moral.

     The  sad  stories  of  fire  from heaven, the burning of his sheep,
     etc., . . . were sad arrests to his troubled spirit. Jer. Taylor.

   4. (Far.) A scurfiness of the back part of the hind leg of a horse; --
   also named rat-tails. White.
   Arrest of judgment (Law), the staying or stopping of a judgment, after
   verdict,  for  legal  cause.  The  motion for this purpose is called a
   motion in arrest of judgment.
   
                                  Arrestation
                                       
   Ar`res*ta"tion (#), n. [F. arrestation, LL. arrestatio.] Arrest. [R.] 

     The  arrestation  of  the English resident in France was decreed by
     the National Convention. H. M. Williams.

                                   Arrestee

   Ar`res*tee"  (#),  n. [See Arrest, v.] (Scots Law) The person in whose
   hands is the property attached by arrestment.

                                   Arrester

   Ar*rest"er (#), n.

   1. One who arrests.

   2.  (Scots  Law) The person at whose suit an arrestment is made. [Also
   written arrestor.] <-- p. 84 -->

                                   Arresting

   Ar*rest"ing (#), a. Striking; attracting attention; impressive.

     This most solemn and arresting occurrence. J. H. Newman.

                                   Arrestive

   Ar*rest"ive (#), a. Tending to arrest. McCosh.

                                  Arrestment

   Ar*rest"ment, n. [OF. arrestement.]

   1.  (Scots Law) The arrest of a person, or the seizure of his effects;
   esp.,  a  process  by  which  money or movables in the possession of a
   third party are attached.

   2. A stoppage or check. Darwin.

                                   Arr\'88t

   Ar*r\'88t  (#),  n.  [F.  See  Arrest,  n.]  (F.  Law) (a) A judgment,
   decision,  or  decree of a court or high tribunal; also, a decree of a
   sovereign. (b) An arrest; a legal seizure.

                                     Arret

   Ar*ret" (#), v. t. Same as Aret. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                 Arrhaphostic

   Ar`rha*phos"tic (#), a. [Gr. Seamless. [R.]

                              Arrhizal, Arrhizous

   Ar*rhi"zal  (#),  Ar*rhi"zous  (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Destitute of a true
   root, as a parasitical plant.

                            Arrhythmic, Arrhythmous

   Ar*rhyth"mic  (#),  Ar*rhyth"mous  (#),  a.  [Gr. (Med.) Being without
   rhythm or regularity, as the pulse.

                                   Arrhytmy

   Ar"rhyt*my (#), n. [Gr. Want of rhythm. [R.]

                                    Arride

   Ar*ride" (#), v. t. [L. arridere; ad + ridere to laugh.] To please; to
   gratify. [Archaic] B. Jonson.

     Above  all  thy  rarities,  old  Oxenford,  what do most arride and
     solace me are thy repositories of moldering learning. Lamb.

                                    Arriere

   Ar*riere" (#), n. [F. arri\'8are. See Arrear.] "That which is behind";
   the  rear;  --  chiefly  used  as an adjective in the sense of behind,
   rear,  subordinate. Arriere fee, Arriere fief, a fee or fief dependent
   on  a  superior  fee, or a fee held of a feudatory. -- Arriere vassal,
   the vassal of a vassal.

                                  Arriere-ban

   Ar*riere"-ban`  (#), n. [F., fr. OE. arban, heriban, fr. OHG. hariban,
   heriban,  G.  heerbann,  the calling together of an army; OHG. heri an
   army + ban a public call or order. The French have misunderstood their
   old  word,  and have changed it into arri\'8are-ban, though arri\'8are
   has  no  connection  with  its  proper  meaning.  See Ban, Abandon.] A
   proclamation, as of the French kings, calling not only their immediate
   feudatories,  but  the vassals of these feudatories, to take the field
   for  war;  also,  the body of vassals called or liable to be called to
   arms, as in ancient France.

                                     Arris

   Ar"ris  (#),  n.  [OF.  areste,  F. ar\'88te, fr. L. arista the top or
   beard  of an ear of grain, the bone of a fish.] (Arch.) The sharp edge
   or  salient  angle  formed by two surfaces meeting each other, whether
   plane or curved; -- applied particularly to the edges in moldings, and
   to  the raised edges which separate the flutings in a Doric column. P.
   Cyc. Arris fillet, a triangular piece of wood used to raise the slates
   of  a roof against a chimney or wall, to throw off the rain. Gwilt. --
   Arris  gutter,  a gutter of a V form fixed to the eaves of a building.
   Gwilt.

                                    Arrish

   Ar"rish (#), n. [See Eddish.] The stubble of wheat or grass; a stubble
   field; eddish. [Eng.] [Written also arish, ersh, etc.]

     The moment we entered the stubble or arrish. Blackw. Mag.

                                   Arriswise

   Ar"ris*wise` (#), adv. Diagonally laid, as tiles; ridgewise.

                                    Arrival

   Ar*riv"al (#), n. [From Arrive.]

   1.  The act of arriving, or coming; the act of reaching a place from a
   distance, whether by water (as in its original sense) or by land.

     Our  watchmen  from the towers, with longing eyes, Expect his swift
     arrival. Dryden.

   2.  The attainment or reaching of any object, by effort, or in natural
   course; as, our arrival at this conclusion was wholly unexpected.

   3. The person or thing arriving or which has arrived; as, news brought
   by the last arrival.

     Another  arrival  still  more  important  was  speedily  announced.
     Macaulay.

   4. An approach. [Obs.]

     The house has a corner arrival. H. Walpole.

                                   Arrivance

   Ar*riv"ance (#), n. Arrival. [Obs.] Shak.

                                    Arrive

   Ar*rive"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Arrived (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Arriving.]  [OE.  ariven  to arrive, land, OF. ariver, F. arriver, fr.
   LL.  arripare,  adripare,  to come to shore; L. ad + ripa the shore or
   sloping bank of a river. Cf. Riparian.]

   1. To come to the shore or bank. In present usage: To come in progress
   by  water,  or  by traveling on land; to reach by water or by land; --
   followed  by  at  (formerly  sometimes  by  to),  also by in and from.
   "Arrived in Padua." Shak.

     [\'92neas]  sailing  with  a  fleet  from Sicily, arrived . . . and
     landed in the country of Laurentum. Holland.

     There  was  no  outbreak  till  the  regiment  arrived  at Ipswich.
     Macaulay.

   2.  To  reach  a  point  by  progressive motion; to gain or compass an
   object by effort, practice, study, inquiry, reasoning, or experiment.
   To arrive at, or attain to.

     When he arrived at manhood. Rogers.

     We  arrive at knowledge of a law of nature by the generalization of
     facts. McCosh.

     If at great things thou wouldst arrive. Milton.

   3. To come; said of time; as, the time arrived.

   4. To happen or occur. [Archaic]

     Happy! to whom this glorious death arrives. Waller.

                                    Arrive

   Ar*rive", v. t.

   1. To bring to shore. [Obs.]

     And made the sea-trod ship arrive them. Chapman.

   2. To reach; to come to. [Archaic]

     Ere he arrive the happy isle. Milton.

     Ere we could arrive the point proposed. Shak.

     Arrive at last the blessed goal. Tennyson.

                                    Arrive

   Ar*rive", n. Arrival. [Obs.] Chaucer.

     How should I joy of thy arrive to hear! Drayton.

                                    Arriver

   Ar*riv"er (#), n. One who arrives.

                                    Arroba

   Ar*ro"ba  (#),  n.  [Sp.  and  Pg.,  from Ar. arrub, ar-rubu, a fourth
   part.]

   1.  A  Spanish  weight  used  in Mexico and South America = 25.36 lbs.
   avoir.;  also,  an  old Portuguese weight, used in Brazil = 32.38 lbs.
   avoir.

   2.  A Spanish liquid measure for wine = 3.54 imp. gallons, and for oil
   = 2.78 imp. gallons.

                                   Arrogance

   Ar"ro*gance  (#),  n.  [F.,  fr.  L.  arrogantia,  fr.  arrogans.  See
   Arrogant.]  The  act or habit of arrogating, or making undue claims in
   an  overbearing  manner;  that  species  of  pride  which  consists in
   exorbitant  claims  of  rank,  dignity, estimation, or power, or which
   exalts the worth or importance of the person to an undue degree; proud
   contempt   of   others;   lordliness;   haughtiness;  self-assumption;
   presumption.

     I hate not you for her proud arrogance. Shak.

   Syn.  --  Haughtiness;  hauteur;  assumption; lordliness; presumption;
   pride; disdain; insolence; conceit; conceitedness. See Haughtiness.

                                   Arrogancy

   Ar"ro*gan*cy (#), n. Arrogance. Shak.

                                   Arrogant

   Ar"ro*gant  (#), a. [F. arrogant, L. arrogans, p. pr. of arrogare. See
   Arrogate.]

   1.  Making,  or  having  the disposition to make, exorbitant claims of
   rank  or  estimation; giving one's self an undue degree of importance;
   assuming; haughty; -- applied to persons.

     Arrogant Winchester, that haughty prelate. Shak.

   2.  Containing arrogance; marked with arrogance; proceeding from undue
   claims   or  self-importance;  --  applied  to  things;  as,  arrogant
   pretensions or behavior. Syn. -- Magisterial; lordly; proud; assuming;
   overbearing; presumptuous; haughty. See Magisterial.

                                  Arrogantly

   Ar"ro*gant*ly,  adv.  In  an  arrogant  manner;  with  undue  pride or
   self-importance.

                                 Arrogantness

   Ar"ro*gant*ness, n. Arrogance. [R.]

                                   Arrogate

   Ar"ro*gate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Arrogated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Arrogating  (#).]  [L. arrogatus, p. p. of adrogare, arrogare, to ask,
   appropriate  to  one's  self;  ad  +  rogare to ask. See Rogation.] To
   assume,  or claim as one's own, unduly, proudly, or presumptuously; to
   make  undue claims to, from vanity or baseless pretensions to right or
   merit; as, the pope arrogated dominion over kings.

     He arrogated to himself the right of deciding dogmatically what was
     orthodox doctrine. Macaulay.

                                  Arrogation

   Ar`ro*ga"tion (#), n. [L. arrogatio, fr. arrogare. Cf. Adrogation.]

   1.  The  act  of  arrogating,  or making exorbitant claims; the act of
   taking more than one is justly entitled to. Hall.

   2. (Civ. Law) Adoption of a person of full age.

                                  Arrogative

   Ar"ro*ga*tive  (#),  a.  Making  undue claims and pretension; prone to
   arrogance. [R.] Dr. H. More.

                                Arrondissement

   Ar`ron`disse`ment"  (#), n. [F., fr. arrondir to make round; ad + rond
   round, L. rotundus.] A subdivision of a department. [France]

     NOTE: &hand; Th e te rritory of  Fr ance, since the revolution, has
     been  divided  into  departments, those into arrondissements, those
     into cantons, and the latter into communes.

                                    Arrose

   Ar*rose"  (#),  v.  t.  [F.  arroser.]  To  drench;  to besprinkle; to
   moisten. [Obs.]

     The blissful dew of heaven does arrose you. Two N. Kins.

                                   Arrosion

   Ar*ro"sion (#), n. [L. arrodere, arrosum, to gnaw: cf. F. arrosion.] A
   gnawing. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                     Arrow

   Ar"row  (#),  n.  [OE.  arewe,  AS.  arewe, earh; akin to Icel. \'94r,
   \'94rvar,  Goth. arhwazna, and perh. L. arcus bow. Cf. Arc.] A missile
   weapon of offense, slender, pointed, and usually feathered and barbed,
   to  be  shot  from a bow. Broad arrow. (a) An arrow with a broad head.
   (b)  A  mark placed upon British ordnance and government stores, which
   bears a rude resemblance to a broad arrowhead.

                                  Arrow grass

   Ar"row grass` (#), n. (Bot.) An herbaceous grasslike plant (Triglochin
   palustre, and other species) with pods opening so as to suggest barbed
   arrowheads.

                                   Arrowhead

   Ar"row*head` (#), n.

   1. The head of an arrow.

   2.   (Bot.)  An  aquatic  plant  of  the  genus  Sagittaria,  esp.  S.
   sagittifolia, -- named from the shape of the leaves.

                                  Arrowheaded

   Ar"row*head`ed,  a.  Shaped  like  the  head  of  an  arow; cuneiform.
   Arrowheaded  characters,  characters  the elements of which consist of
   strokes  resembling  arrowheads, nailheads, or wedges; -- hence called
   also nail-headed, wedge-formed, cuneiform, or cuneatic characters; the
   oldest  written  characters  used  in the country about the Tigris and
   Euphrates,  and  subsequently in Persia, and abounding among the ruins
   of Persepolis, Nineveh, and Babylon. See Cuneiform.
   
                                   Arrowroot
                                       
   Ar"row*root` (#), n.
   
   1.  (Bot.)  A  west  Indian  plant  of  the  genus  Maranta,  esp.  M.
   arundinacea,  now  cultivated  in many hot countries. It said that the
   Indians  used  the  roots  to  neutralize  the venom in wounds made by
   poisoned arrows.
   
   2.  A  nutritive  starch  obtained  from  the  rootstocks  of  Maranta
   arundinacea,  and used as food, esp. for children an invalids; also, a
   similar  starch  obtained  from  other  plants,  as various species of
   Maranta and Curcuma.
   
                                   Arrowwood
                                       
   Ar"row*wood` (#), n. A shrub (Viburnum dentatum) growing in damp woods
   and thickets; -- so called from the long, straight, slender shoots.
   
                                   Arrowworm
                                       
   Ar"row*worm`,  n.  (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar transparent worm of the genus
   Sagitta, living at the surface of the sea. See Sagitta.
   
                                    Arrowy
                                       
   Ar"row*y (#), a.
   
   1. Consisting of arrows.
   
     How quick they wheeled, and flying, behind them shot Sharp sleet of
     arrowy showers. Milton.

   2.  Formed  or  moving  like,  or in any respect resembling, an arrow;
   swift; darting; piercing. "His arrowy tongue." Cowper.

     By the blue rushing of the arrowy Rhone. Byron.

     With arrowy vitalities, vivacities, and ingenuities. Carlyle.

                                    Arroyo

   Ar*roy"o (#), n.; pl Arroyos (#). [Sp., fr. LL. arrogium; cf. Gr.

   1. A water course; a rivulet.

   2. The dry bed of a small stream. [Western U. S.]

                                    Arschin

   Ar"schin (#), n. See Arshine.

                                     Arse

   Arse,  n.  [AS. ears; \'91rs; akin to OHG. ars. G. arsch, D. aars, Sw.
   ars,  Dan.  arts,  Gr.  The  buttocks,  or hind part of an animal; the
   posteriors; the fundament; the bottom.

                                    Arsenal

   Ar"se*nal,  n.  [Sp.  & F. arsenal arsenal, dockyard, or It. arzanale,
   arsenale  (cf.  It.  &  darsena  dock);  all  fr.  Ar. d\'ber house of
   industry  or  fabrication;  d\'ber  house  +  art, industry.] A public
   establishment  for the storage, or for the manufacture and storage, of
   arms and all military equipments, whether for land or naval service.

                                   Arsenate

   Ar"se*nate (#), n. (Chem.) A salt of arsenic acid.

                                   Arseniate

   Ar*se"ni*ate, n. See Arsenate. [R.]

                                    Arsenic

   Ar"se*nic (?; 277), n. [L. arsenicum, Gr. zern\'c6kh: cf. F. arsenic.]

   1.  (Chem.)  One of the elements, a solid substance resembling a metal
   in its physical properties, but in its chemical relations ranking with
   the  nonmetals.  It  is  of  a  steel-gray color and brilliant luster,
   though  usually dull from tarnish. It is very brittle, and sublimes at
   356°  Fahrenheit.  It  is sometimes found native, but usually combined
   with  silver, cobalt, nickel, iron, antimony, or sulphur. Orpiment and
   realgar  are  two  of its sulphur compounds, the first of which is the
   true  arsenticum  of  the  ancients. The element and its compounds are
   active  poisons.  Specific  gravity  from  5.7  to 5.9. Atomic weight.
   Symbol As.

   2.  (Com.)  Arsenious  oxide  or  arsenious  anhydride; -- called also
   arsenious acid, white arsenic, and ratsbane.

                                    Arsenic

   Ar*sen"ic, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, arsenic; -- said
   of  those  compounds  of arsenic in which this element has its highest
   equivalence; as, arsenic acid.

                                   Arsenical

   Ar*sen"ic*al,  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to, or containing, arsenic; as,
   arsenical  vapor;  arsenical  wall papers. Arsenical silver, an ore of
   silver containing arsenic.

                                  Arsenicate

   Ar*sen"i*cate,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Arsenicated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Arsenicating.]  To  combine  with arsenic; to treat or impregnate with
   arsenic.

                                  Arsenicism

   Ar*sen"i*cism,  n.  (Med.)  A  diseased  condition  produced  by  slow
   poisoning with arsenic.

                                   Arsenide

   Ar"sen*ide  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  A  compound of arsenic with a metal, or
   positive element or radical; -- formerly called arseniuret.

                                 Arseniferous

   Ar`sen*if"er*ous  (#), a. [Arsenic + -ferous.] Containing or producing
   arsenic.

                                   Arsenious

   Ar*se"ni*ous (#), a. [Cf. F. ars\'82nieux.]

   1. Pertaining to, consisting of, or containing, arsenic; as, arsenious
   powder or glass.

   2.  (Chem.)  Pertaining  to,  or derived from, arsenic, when having an
   equivalence next lower than the highest; as, arsenious acid.

                                   Arsenite

   Ar"sen*ite  (#), n. [Cf. F. ars\'82nite.] (Chem.) A salt formed by the
   union of arsenious acid with a base.

                                  Arseniuret

   Ar`se*ni"u*ret (#), n. (Chem.) See Arsenide.

                                 Arseniureted

   Ar`se*ni"u*ret`ed,  a.  (Chem.)  Combined  with  arsenic; -- said some
   elementary  substances  or  radicals; as, arseniureted hydrogen. [Also
   spelt arseniuretted.]

                                 Arsenopyrite

   Ar`sen*o*pyr"ite  (#),  n.  [Arsenic  + pyrite.] (Min.) A mineral of a
   tin-white  color and metallic luster, containing arsenic, sulphur, and
   iron; -- also called arsenical pyrites and mispickel.

                                   Arsesmart

   Arse"smart (#), n. Smartweed; water pepper. Dr. Prior.

                                    Arshine

   Ar"shine  (#),  n.  [Russ.  arshin,  of  Turkish-Tartar  origin; Turk.
   arshin,  arsh\'d4n,  ell,  yard.]  A Russian measure of length = 2 ft.
   4.246 inches.

                                    Arsine

   Ar"sine  (#),  n.  [From  Arsenic.]  (Chem.) A compound of arsenic and
   hydrogen,  AsH3, a colorless and exceedingly poisonous gas, having and
   odor like garlic; arseniureted hydrogen.

                                     Arsis

   Ar"sis (#), n. [L. arsis, Gr. lifting of the hand in beating time, and
   hence the unaccented part of the rhythm.]

   1. (Pros.) (a) That part of a foot where the ictus is put, or which is
   distinguished  from  the  rest  (known as the thesis) of the foot by a
   greater  stress  of  voice.  Hermann.  (b) That elevation of voice now
   called metrical accentuation, or the rhythmic accent.

     NOTE: &hand; It is uncertain whether the arsis originally consisted
     in  a  higher  musical  tone, greater volume, or longer duration of
     sound, or in all combined.

   2.  (Mus.) The elevation of the hand, or that part of the bar at which
   it is raised, in beating time; the weak or unaccented part of the bar;
   -- opposed to thesis. Moore.

                                  Arsmetrike

   Ars`met"rike  (#),  n. [An erroneous form of arithmetic, as if from L.
   ars metrica the measuring art.] Arithmetic. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Arson

   Ar"son (?; 277), n. [OF. arson, arsun, fr. L. ardere, arsum, to burn.]
   (Law) The malicious burning of a dwelling house or outhouse of another
   man,  which  by  the common law is felony; the malicious and voluntary
   firing of a building or ship. Wharton.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e de finition of this crime is varied by statues in
     different  countries  and states. The English law of arson has been
     considerably  modified  in the United States; in some of the States
     it  has  been materially enlarged, while in others, various degrees
     of arson have been established, with corresponding punishment.

   Burrill.

                                      Art

   Art  (#).  The second person singular, indicative mode, present tense,
   of the substantive verb Be; but formed after the analogy of the plural
   are,  with  the  ending -t, as in thou shalt, wilt, orig. an ending of
   the  second  person  sing.  pret.  Cf.  Be. Now used only in solemn or
   poetical style. <-- p. 85 -->

                                      Art

   Art  (#),  n.  [F.  art,  L.  ars,  artis,  orig., skill in joining or
   fitting; prob. akin to E. arm, aristocrat, article.]

   1.  The  employment  of  means  to  accomplish  some  desired end; the
   adaptation  of  things  in  the natural world to the uses of life; the
   application of knowledge or power to practical purposes.

     Blest with each grace of nature and of art. Pope.

   2.  A system of rules serving to facilitate the performance of certain
   actions; a system of principles and rules for attaining a desired end;
   method  of  doing well some special work; -- often contradistinguished
   from  science  or  speculative  principles; as, the art of building or
   engraving; the art of war; the art of navigation.

     Science  is  systematized  knowledge  .  .  . Art is knowledge made
     efficient by skill. J. F. Genung.

   3.  The  systematic  application  of knowledge or skill in effecting a
   desired  result.  Also,  an  occupation  or  business  requiring  such
   knowledge or skill.

     The  fishermen  can't  employ  their art with so much success in so
     troubled a sea. Addison.

   4.  The  application  of  skill  to the production of the beautiful by
   imitation  or  design, or an occupation in which skill is so employed,
   as in painting and sculpture; one of the fine arts; as, he prefers art
   to literature.

   5.  pl.  Those branches of learning which are taught in the academical
   course of colleges; as, master of arts.

     In fearless youth we tempt the heights of arts. Pope.

     Four  years  spent in the arts (as they are called in colleges) is,
     perhaps, laying too laborious a foundation. Goldsmith.

   6. Learning; study; applied knowledge, science, or letters. [Archaic]

     So vast is art, so narrow human wit. Pope.

   7.  Skill,  dexterity,  or  the  power  of performing certain actions,
   asquired by experience, study, or observation; knack; a, a man has the
   art of managing his business to advantage.

   8. Skillful plan; device.

     They  employed every art to soothe . . . the discontented warriors.
     Macaulay.

   9. Cunning; artifice; craft.

     Madam, I swear I use no art at all. Shak.

     Animals  practice  art when opposed to their superiors in strength.
     Crabb.

                                      10

   10  To  black art; magic. [Obs.] Shak. Art and part (Scots Law), share
   or  concern by aiding and abetting a criminal in the perpetration of a
   crime,   whether   by  advice  or  by  assistance  in  the  execution;
   complicity.

     NOTE: &hand; The arts are divided into various classes.

   The  useful,  mechanical,  or  industrial  arts are those in which the
   hands  and  body are concerned than the mind; as in making clothes and
   utensils.  These are called trades. The fine arts are those which have
   primarily  to  do  with  imagination  taste,  and  are  applied to the
   production of what is beautiful. They include poetry, music, painting,
   engraving, sculpture, and architecture; but the term is often confined
   to  painting,  sculpture,  and  architecture.  The liberal arts (artes
   liberales, the higher arts, which, among the Romans, only freemen were
   permitted to pursue) were, in the Middle Ages, these seven branches of
   learning,  --  grammar,  logic, rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, music,
   and  astronomy. In modern times the liberal arts include the sciences,
   philosophy,  history,  etc., which compose the course of academical or
   collegiate  education. Hence, degrees in the arts; master and bachelor
   of arts.

     In  America,  literature  and the elegant arts must grow up side by
     side with the coarser plants of daily necessity. Irving.

   Syn.  --  Science;  literature; aptitude; readiness; skill; dexterity;
   adroitness;   contrivance;   profession;   business;  trade;  calling;
   cunning; artifice; duplicity. See Science.

                                    Artemia

   Ar*te"mi*a  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) A genus of phyllopod
   Crustacea  found in salt lakes and brines; the brine shrimp. See Brine
   shrimp.

                                   Artemisia

   Ar`te*mi"si*a  (#),  n.  [L.  Artemisia,  Gr. (Bot.) A genus of plants
   including  the  plants  called mugwort, southernwood, and wormwood. Of
   these  A.  absinthium,  or  common  wormwood,  is  well  known, and A.
   tridentata is the sage brush of the Rocky Mountain region.

                                   Arteriac

   Ar*te"ri*ac  (#),  a. [L. arteriacus, Gr. Artery.] Of or pertaining to
   the windpipe.

                                   Arterial

   Ar*te"ri*al (#), a. [Cf. F. art\'82riel.]

   1.  Of  or  pertaining  to  an  artery,  or the arteries; as, arterial
   action; the arterial system.

   2.  Of  or  pertaining  to a main channel (resembling an artery), as a
   river, canal, or railroad.
   Arterial   blood,   blood   which   has  been  changed  and  vitalized
   (arterialized) during passage through the lungs.

                                Arterialization

   Ar*te`ri*al*i*za"tion  (#),  n.  (Physiol.)  The process of converting
   venous blood into arterial blood during its passage through the lungs,
   oxygen  being  absorbed  and  carbonic  acid  evolved;  -- called also
   a\'89ration and hematosis.

                                  Arterialize

   Ar*te"ri*al*ize (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arterialized; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Arterializing.] To transform, as the venous blood, into arterial blood
   by exposure to oxygen in the lungs; to make arterial.

                                 Arteriography

   Ar*te`ri*og"ra*phy,  n. [Gr. -graphy.] A systematic description of the
   arteries.

                                   Arteriole

   Ar*te"ri*ole  (#),  n.  [NL.  arteriola,  dim.  of  L. arteria: cf. F.
   art\'82riole.] A small artery.

                                  Arteriology

   Ar*te`ri*ol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -logy.]  That  part of anatomy which
   treats of arteries.

                                  Arteriotomy

   Ar*te`ri*ot"o*my (#), n. [L. arteriotomia, Gr.

   1. (Med.) The opening of an artery, esp. for bloodletting.

   2.  That  part  of  anatomy  which  treats  of  the  dissection of the
   arteries.

                                   Arteritis

   Ar`te*ri"tis  (#),  n.  [Artery + -etis.] Inflammation of an artery or
   arteries. Dunglison.

                                    Artery

   Ar"ter*y (#), n.; pl. Artplwies (#). [L. arteria windpipe, artery, Gr.

   1.  The trachea or windpipe. [Obs.] "Under the artery, or windpipe, is
   the mouth of the stomach." Holland.

   2.  (Anat.)  One  of the vessels or tubes which carry either venous or
   arterial  blood  from  the  heart. They have tricker and more muscular
   walls than veins, and are connected with them by capillaries.

     NOTE: &hand; In  ma n and other mammals, the arteries which contain
     arterialized  blood receive it from the left ventricle of the heart
     through  the  aorta.  See  Aorta.  The pulmonary artery conveys the
     venous  blood  from  the  right  ventricle to the lungs, whence the
     arterialized blood is returned through the pulmonary veins.

   3.  Hence:  Any  continuous  or ramified channel of communication; as,
   arteries of trade or commerce.

                                   Artesian

   Ar*te"sian  (#),  a. [F. art\'82sien, fr. Artois in France, where many
   such wells have been made since the middle of the last century.] Of or
   pertaining  to Artois (anciently called Artesium), in France. Artesian
   wells, wells made by boring into the earth till the instrument reaches
   water,  which,  from  internal  pressure,  flows  spontaneously like a
   fountain. They are usually of small diameter and often of great depth.

                                    Artful

   Art"ful (#), a. [From Art.]

   1.  Performed  with,  or  characterized  by,  art  or skill. [Archaic]
   "Artful strains." "Artful terms." Milton.

   2. Artificial; imitative. Addison.

   3.  Using  or  exhibiting  much art, skill, or contrivance; dexterous;
   skillful.

     He [was] too artful a writer to set down events in exact historical
     order. Dryden.

   4.  Cunning;  disposed to cunning indirectness of dealing; crafty; as,
   an artful boy. [The usual sense.]

     Artful in speech, in action, and in mind. Pope.

     The artful revenge of various animals. Darwin.

   Syn.   --   Cunning;  skillful;  adroit;  dexterous;  crafty;  tricky;
   deceitful; designing. See Cunning.

                                   Artfully

   Art"ful*ly, adv. In an artful manner; with art or cunning; skillfully;
   dexterously; craftily.

                                  Artfulness

   Art"ful*ness, n. The quality of being artful; art; cunning; craft.

                                    Arthen

   Ar"then (#), a. Same as Earthen. [Obs.] "An arthen pot." Holland.

                            Arthritic, Arthritical

   Ar*thrit"ic   (#),   Ar*thrit"ic*al   (#),  a.  [L.  arthriticus,  Gr.
   Arthritis.]

   1. Pertaining to the joints. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

   2. Of or pertaining to arthritis; gouty. Cowper.

                                   Arthritis

   Ar*thri"tis  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr.  Gr.  (Med.)  Any inflammation of the
   joints, particularly the gout.

                                  Arthroderm

   Ar"thro*derm  (#), n. [Gr. 'derm.] (Zo\'94l.) The external covering of
   an Arthropod.

                                   Arthrodia

   Ar*thro"di*a  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr. (Anat.) A form of diarthrodial
   articulation  in which the articular surfaces are nearly flat, so that
   they form only an imperfect ball and socket.

                             Arthrodial, Arthrodic

   Ar*thro"di*al (#), Ar*throd"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to arthrodia.

                                  Arthrodynia

   Ar`thro*dyn"i*a   (#),   n.   [NL.,   fr.   Gr.  (Med.)  An  affection
   characterized  by  pain  in  or  about  a  joint,  not  dependent upon
   structural disease.

                                  Arthrodynic

   Ar`thro*dyn"ic,  a.  Pertaining to arthrodynia, or pain in the joints;
   rheumatic.

                                 Arthrogastra

   Ar`thro*gas"tra (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of the
   Arachnida,  having  the  abdomen  annulated,  including the scorpions,
   harvestmen, etc.; pedipalpi.

                                 Arthrography

   Ar*throg"ra*phy (#), n. [Gr. -graphy.] The description of joints.

                                  Arthrology

   Ar*throl"o*gy,  n.  [Gr.  -logy.] That part of anatomy which treats of
   joints.

                                  Arthromere

   Ar"thro*mere  (#), n. [Gr. -mere.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the body segments
   of Arthropods. See Arthrostraca. Packard.

                                 Arthropleura

   Ar`thro*pleu"ra   (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  The  side  or
   limb-bearing portion of an arthromere.

                                   Arthropod

   Ar"thro*pod (#), n (Zo\'94l.) One of the Arthropoda.

                                  Arthropoda

   Ar*throp"o*da  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) A large
   division of Articulata, embracing all those that have jointed legs. It
   includes   Insects,   Arachnida,   Pychnogonida,   and  Crustacea.  --
   Ar*throp"o*dal (#), a.

                                 Arthropomata

   Ar`thro*pom"a*ta  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the
   orders of Branchiopoda. See Branchiopoda.

                                   Arthrosis

   Ar*thro"sis (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) Articulation.

                                 Arthrostraca

   Ar*thros"tra*ca,  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the larger
   divisions  of  Crustacea, so called because the thorax and abdomen are
   both segmented; Tetradecapoda. It includes the Amphipoda and Isopoda.

                                  Arthrozoic

   Ar`thro*zo"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  Of  or  pertaining  to  the
   Articulata; articulate.

                                    Artiad

   Ar"ti*ad  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Chem.) Even; not odd; -- said of elementary
   substances  and  of  radicals the valence of which is divisible by two
   without a remainder.

                                   Artichoke

   Ar"ti*choke  (#),  n. [It. articioc, perh. corrupted fr. the same word
   as  carciofo; cf. older spellings archiciocco, archicioffo, carciocco,
   and   Sp.   alcachofa,  Pg.  alcachofra;  prob.  fr.  Ar.  al-harshaf,
   al-kharsh.] (Bot.)

   1.  The Cynara scolymus, a plant somewhat resembling a thistle, with a
   dilated,  imbricated,  and  prickly  involucre. The head (to which the
   name  is  also applied) is composed of numerous oval scales, inclosing
   the  florets,  sitting  on  a broad receptacle, which, with the fleshy
   base of the scales, is much esteemed as an article of food.

   2. See Jerusalem artichoke.

                                    Article

   Ar"ti*cle  (#), n. [F., fr. L. articulus, dim. of artus joint, akin to
   Gr. ar to join, fit. See Art, n.]

   1.  A  distinct portion of an instrument, discourse, literary work, or
   any  other writing, consisting of two or more particulars, or treating
   of various topics; as, an article in the Constitution. Hence: A clause
   in  a  contract,  system  of regulations, treaty, or the like; a term,
   condition,  or  stipulation  in  a  contract; a concise statement; as,
   articles of agreement.

   2.  A  literary  composition,  forming  an  independent  portion  of a
   magazine, newspaper, or cyclopedia.

   3. Subject; matter; concern; distinct. [Obs.]

     A  very  great  revolution  that  happened  in this article of good
     breeding. Addison.

     This last article will hardly be believed. De Foe.

   4.  A  distinct  part. "Upon each article of human duty." Paley. "Each
   article of time." Habington.

     The articles which compose the blood. E. Darwin.

   5.  A particular one of various things; as, an article of merchandise;
   salt is a necessary article.

     They  would  fight  not  for articles of faith, but for articles of
     food. Landor.

   6. Precise point of time; moment. [Obs. or Archaic]

     This  fatal  news coming to Hick's Hall upon the article of my Lord
     Russell's  trial,  was  said to have had no little influence on the
     jury and all the bench to his prejudice. Evelyn.

   7.  (Gram.)  One  of the three words, a, an, the, used before nouns to
   limit  or define their application. A (or an) is called the indefinite
   article, the the definite article.

   8. (Zo\'94l.) One of the segments of an articulated appendage.
   Articles  of  Confederation,  the  compact which was first made by the
   original thirteen States of the United States. They were adopted March
   1,  1781,  and remained the supreme law until March, 1789. -- Articles
   of impeachment, an instrument which, in cases of impeachment, performs
   the same office which an indictment does in a common criminal case. --
   Articles  of  war, rules and regulations, fixed by law, for the better
   government  of  the  army.  -- In the article of death [L. in articulo
   mortis],  at  the  moment of death; in the dying struggle. -- Lords of
   the  articles  (Scot.  Hist.),  a  standing  committee of the Scottish
   Parliament  to  whom was intrusted the drafting and preparation of the
   acts,  or  bills  for  laws.  --  The Thirty-nine Articles, statements
   (thirty-nine in number) of the tenets held by the Church of England.

                                    Article

   Ar"ti*cle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Articled (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Articling
   (#).]   [Cf.  F.  articuler,  fr.  L.  articulare.  See  Article,  n.,
   Articulate.]

   1. To formulate in articles; to set forth in distinct particulars.

     If  all  his  errors and follies were articled against him, the man
     would seem vicious and miserable. Jer. Taylor.

   2. To accuse or charge by an exhibition of articles.

     He  shall be articled against in the high court of admiralty. Stat.
     33 Geo. III.

   3.  To  bind by articles of covenant or stipulation; as, to article an
   apprentice to a mechanic.

                                    Article

   Ar"ti*cle,  v.  i.  To agree by articles; to stipulate; to bargain; to
   covenant. [R.]

     Then  he  articled with her that he should go away when he pleased.
     Selden.

                                   Articled

   Ar"ti*cled  (#),  a.  Bound  by articles; apprenticed; as, an articled
   clerk.

                                   Articular

   Ar*tic"u*lar (#), a. [L. articularis: cf. F. articulaire. See Article,
   n.]  Of  or  pertaining  to  the  joints; as, an articular disease; an
   articular process.

                             Articular, Articulary

   Ar*tic"u*lar (#), Ar*tic"u*la*ry (#), n. (Anat.) A bone in the base of
   the  lower jaw of many birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. <-- p.
   86 -->

                                  Articularly

   Ar*tic"u*lar*ly, adv. In an articular or an articulate manner.

                                  Articulata

   Ar*tic`u*la"ta  (#),  n.  pl. [Neut. pl. from L. articulatus furnished
   with   joints,  distinct,  p.  p.  of  articulare.  See  Article,  v.]
   (Zo\'94l.)

   1. One of the four subkingdoms in the classification of Cuvier. It has
   been much modified by later writers.

     NOTE: &hand; It   in cludes th ose In vertebrata ha ving th e bo dy
     composed  of  ringlike segments (arthromeres). By some writers, the
     unsegmented worms (helminths) have also been included; by others it
     is  restricted  to  the  Arthropoda. It corresponds nearly with the
     Annulosa  of  some  authors.  The chief subdivisions are Arthropoda
     (Insects,   Myriapoda,   Arachnida,  Pycnogonida,  Crustacea);  and
     Anarthropoda, including the Annelida and allied forms.

   2.  One  of  the subdivisions of the Brachiopoda, including those that
   have the shells united by a hinge.

   3. A subdivision of the Crinoidea.

                                  Articulate

   Ar*tic"u*late (#), a. [L. articulatus. See Articulata.]

   1.  Expressed  in  articles  or  in  separate  items  or  particulars.
   [Archaic] Bacon.

   2.  Jointed;  formed  with  joints;  consisting  of segments united by
   joints; as, articulate animals or plants.

   3.  Distinctly uttered; spoken so as to be intelligible; characterized
   by  division  into words and syllables; as, articulate speech, sounds,
   words.

     Total changes of party and articulate opinion. Carlyle.

                                  Articulate

   Ar*tic"u*late, n. (Zo\'94l.) An animal of the subkingdom Articulata.

                                  Articulate

   Ar*tic"u*late  (#),  v. i. [imp. & p. p. Articulated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n. Articulating (#)].

   1.  To  utter  articulate  sounds; to utter the elementary sounds of a
   language; to enunciate; to speak distinctly.

   2. To treat or make terms. [Obs.] Shak.

   3. To join or be connected by articulation.

                                  Articulate

   Ar*tic"u*late, v. t.

   1. To joint; to unite by means of a joint; to put together with joints
   or at the joints.

   2.  To  draw  up  or  write in separate articles; to particularize; to
   specify. [Obs.]

   3.  To  form, as the elementary sounds; to utter in distinct syllables
   or  words;  to  enunciate;  as, to articulate letters or language. "To
   articulate a word." Ray.

   4. To express distinctly; to give utterance to.

     Luther  articulated  himself upon a process that hand already begun
     in the Christian church. Bibliotheca Sacra.

     To . . . articulate the dumb, deep want of the people. Carlyle.

                                  Articulated

   Ar*tic"u*la`ted (#), a.

   1.  United  by,  or  provided  with,  articulations;  jointed;  as, an
   articulated skeleton.

   2.  Produced, as a letter, syllable, or word, by the organs of speech;
   pronounced.

                                 Articulately

   Ar*tic"u*late*ly (#), adv.

   1. After the manner, or in the form, of a joint.

   2. Article by article; in distinct particulars; in detail; definitely.
   Paley.

     I had articulately set down in writing our points. Fuller.

   3. With distinct utterance of the separate sounds.

                                Articulateness

   Ar*tic"u*late*ness, n. Quality of being articulate.

                                 Articulation

   Ar*tic`u*la"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. articulation, fr. L. articulatio.]

   1. (Anat.) A joint or juncture between bones in the skeleton.

     NOTE: &hand; Ar ticulations ma y be  im movable, when the bones are
     directly  united (synarthrosis), or slightly movable, when they are
     united  intervening substance (amphiarthrosis), or they may be more
     or  less  freely  movable,  when the articular surfaces are covered
     with  synovial  membranes, as in complete joints (diarthrosis). The
     last  (diarthrosis)  includes hinge joints, admitting motion in one
     plane only (ginglymus), ball and socket joints (enarthrosis), pivot
     and rotation joints, etc.

   2.  (Bot.) (a) The connection of the parts of a plant by joints, as in
   pods. (b) One of the nodes or joints, as in cane and maize. (c) One of
   the  parts  intercepted  between  the joints; also, a subdivision into
   parts  at  regular  or  irregular  intervals  as  a  result  of serial
   intermission in growth, as in the cane, grasses, etc. Lindley.

   3.  The act of putting together with a joint or joints; any meeting of
   parts in a joint.

   4. The state of being jointed; connection of parts. [R.]

     That definiteness and articulation of imagery. Coleridge.

   5.  The  utterance  of  the  elementary  sounds  of  a language by the
   appropriate  movements  of  the  organs,  as  in  pronunciation; as, a
   distinct articulation.

   6.  A  sound  made  by the vocal organs; an articulate utterance or an
   elementary sound, esp. a consonant.

                                 Articulative

   Ar*tic"u*la*tive (#), a. Of or pertaining to articulation. Bush.

                                  Articulator

   Ar*tic"u*la`tor  (#),  n. One who, or that which, articulates; as: (a)
   One  who  enunciates  distinctly.  (b)  One  who  prepares  and mounts
   skeletons. (c) An instrument to cure stammering.

                                   Articulus

   Ar*tic"u*lus  (#) n.; pl. Articuli (#). [L. See Article.] (Zo\'94l.) A
   joint  of  the  cirri  of  the  Crinoidea;  a  joint  or segment of an
   arthropod appendage.

                                   Artifice

   Ar"ti*fice  (#), n. [L. artificium, fr. artifex artificer; ars, artis,
   art + facere to make: cf. F. artifice.]

   1. A handicraft; a trade; art of making. [Obs.]

   2. Workmanship; a skillfully contrived work.

     The material universe.. in the artifice of God, the artifice of the
     best Mechanist. Cudworth.

   3. Artful or skillful contrivance.

     His  [Congreve's]  plots  were  constructed  without much artifice.
     Craik.

   4. Crafty device; an artful, ingenious, or elaborate trick.

     NOTE: [Now the usual meaning.]

     Those  who  were conscious of guilt employed numerous artifices for
     the purpose of averting inquiry. Macaulay.

                                   Artificer

   Ar*tif"i*cer (#), n. [Cf. F. artificier, fr. LL. artificiarius.]

   1.   An  artistic  worker;  a  mechanic  or  manufacturer;  one  whose
   occupation  requires  skill  or  knowledge  of a particular kind, as a
   silversmith.

   2.  One  who  makes  or  contrives;  a  deviser,  inventor, or framer.
   "Artificer of fraud." Milton.

     The great Artificer of all that moves. Cowper.

   3. A cunning or artful fellow. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

   4. (Mil.) A military mechanic, as a blacksmith, carpenter, etc.; also,
   one  who  prepares  the  shells,  fuses, grenades, etc., in a military
   laboratory. Syn. -- Artisan; artist. See Artisan.

                                  Artificial

   Ar`ti*fi"cial  (#),  a.  [L.  artificialis,  fr.  artificium:  cf.  F.
   artificiel. See Artifice.]

   1.  Made  or contrived by art; produced or modified by human skill and
   labor,  in  opposition to natural; as, artificial heat or light, gems,
   salts, minerals, fountains, flowers.

     Artificial strife Lives in these touches, livelier than life. Shak.

   2.  Feigned;  fictitious;  assumed; affected; not genuine. "Artificial
   tears." Shak.

   3. Artful; cunning; crafty. [Obs.] Shak.

   4.   Cultivated;  not  indigenous;  not  of  spontaneous  growth;  as,
   artificial grasses. Gibbon.
   Artificial  arguments  (Rhet.),  arguments invented by the speaker, in
   distinction  from  laws,  authorities,  and the like, which are called
   inartificial    arguments    or   proofs.   Johnson.   --   Artificial
   classification   (Science),   an   arrangement  based  on  superficial
   characters, and not expressing the true natural relations species; as,
   "the artificial system" in botany, which is the same as the Linn\'91an
   system.  --  Artificial  horizon. See under Horizon. Artificial light,
   any  light other than that which proceeds from the heavenly bodies. --
   Artificial  lines,  lines  on  a  sector  or scale, so contrived as to
   represent  the  logarithmic  sines and tangents, which, by the help of
   the  line  of  numbers,  solve, with tolerable exactness, questions in
   trigonometry,  navigation,  etc. -- Artificial numbers, logarithms. --
   Artificial  person  (Law).  See  under  Person.  --  Artificial sines,
   tangents,  etc., the same as logarithms of the natural, tangents, etc.
   Hutton.
   
                                 Artificiality
                                       
   Ar`ti*fi`ci*al"i*ty  (#),  n.  The  quality  or  appearance  of  being
   artificial; that which is artificial. 

                                 Artificialize

   Ar`ti*fi"cial*ize (#), v. t. To render artificial.

                                 Artificially

   Ar`ti*fi"cial*ly, adv.

   1.  In  an artificial manner; by art, or skill and contrivance, not by
   nature.

   2. Ingeniously; skillfully. [Obs.]

     The spider's web, finely and artificially wrought. Tillotson.

     3. Craftily; artfully. [Obs.]

     Sharp dissembled so artificially. Bp. Burnet.

                                Artificialness

     Ar`ti*fi"cial*ness, n. The quality of being artificial.

                                  Artificious

     Ar`ti*fi"cious   (#),  a.  [L.  artificiosus.]  Artificial.  [Obs.]
     Johnson.

                                   Artilize

     Art"i*lize (#), v. t. To make resemble. [Obs.]

     If  I  was  a  philosopher,  says Montaigne, I would naturalize art
     instead of artilizing nature. Bolingbroke.

                                  Artillerist

     Ar*til"ler*ist  (#), n. A person skilled in artillery or gunnery; a
     gunner; an artilleryman.

                                   Artillery

     Ar*til"ler*y  (#),  n.  [OE. artilrie, OF. artillerie, arteillerie,
     fr. LL. artillaria, artilleria, machines and apparatus of all kinds
     used  in  war, vans laden with arms of any kind which follow camps;
     F. artillerie great guns, ordnance; OF. artillier to work artifice,
     to  fortify,  to  arm,  prob.  from L. ars, artis, skill in joining
     something, art. See Art.]

     1.  Munitions  of war; implements for warfare, as slings, bows, and
     arrows. [Obs.]

     And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad. 1 Sam. xx. 40.

     2.   Cannon;   great   guns;  ordnance,  including  guns,  mortars,
     howitzers,  etc.,  with their equipment of carriages, balls, bombs,
     and shot of all kinds.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd is sometimes used in a more extended sense,
     including  the  powder,  cartridges, matches, utensils, machines of
     all kinds, and horses, that belong to a train of artillery.

     3.  The  men  and  officers of that branch of the army to which the
     care and management of artillery are confided.

     4. The science of artillery or gunnery. Campbell.

     Artillery park

   ,  or  Park  of  artillery.  (a)  A  collective body of siege or field
   artillery,   including   the  guns,  and  the  carriages,  ammunition,
   appurtenances, equipments, and persons necessary for working them. (b)
   The  place  where the artillery is encamped or collected. -- Artillery
   train,  or  Train of artillery, a number of pieces of ordnance mounted
   on carriages, with all their furniture, ready for marching.

                                 Artilleryman

   Ar*til"ler*y*man  (#), n. A man who manages, or assists in managing, a
   large gun in firing.

                                 Artiodactyla

   Ar`ti*o*dac"ty*la  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the
   divisions  of  the  ungulate  animals. The functional toes of the hind
   foot   are   even  in  number,  and  the  third  digit  of  each  foot
   (corresponding to the middle finger in man) is asymmetrical and paired
   with  the  fourth  digit,  as  in  the  hog, the sheep, and the ox; --
   opposed to Perissodactyla.

                                 Artiodactyle

   Ar`ti*o*dac"tyle (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Artiodactyla.

                                Artiodactylous

   Ar`ti*o*dac"ty*lous (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Even-toed.

                                    Artisan

   Ar"ti*san  (?;  277),  n. [F. artisan, fr. L. artitus skilled in arts,
   fr. ars, artis, art: cf. It. artigiano. See Art, n.]

   1. One who professes and practices some liberal art; an artist. [Obs.]

   2.  One trained to manual dexterity in some mechanic art or trade; and
   handicraftsman; a mechanic.

     This  is  willingly  submitted  to  by  the  artisan, who can . . .
     compensate his additional toil and fatigue. Hume.

   Syn. -- Artificer; artist. -- Artisan, Artist, Artificer. An artist is
   one who is skilled in some one of the fine arts; an artisan is one who
   exercises  any mechanical employment. A portrait painter is an artist;
   a sign painter is an artisan, although he may have the taste and skill
   of  an  artist. The occupation of the former requires a fine taste and
   delicate  manipulation;  that  of  the latter demands only an ordinary
   degree  of  contrivance  and  imitative power. An artificer is one who
   requires  power  of  contrivance and adaptation in the exercise of his
   profession. The word suggest neither the idea of mechanical conformity
   to  rule  which  attaches  to  the  term  artisan,  nor  the  ideas of
   refinement and of peculiar skill which belong to the term artist.

                                    Artist

   Art"ist (#), n. [F. artiste, LL. artista, fr. L. ars. See Art, n., and
   cf. Artiste.]

   1. One who practices some mechanic art or craft; an artisan. [Obs.]

     How  to  build  ships,  and  dreadful  ordnance  cast, Instruct the
     articles and reward their. Waller.

   2.  One  who professes and practices an art in which science and taste
   preside over the manual execution.

     NOTE: &hand; Th  e te  rm is  pa rticularly ap plied to  pa inters,
     sculptors, musicians, engravers, and architects.

   Elmes.

   3.  One  who  shows  trained  skill or rare taste in any manual art or
   occupation. Pope.

   4. An artful person; a schemer. [Obs.] Syn. -- Artisan. See Artisan.

                                    Artiste

   Ar*tiste"  (#),  n.  [F.  See  Artist.]  One  peculiarly dexterous and
   tasteful  in almost any employment, as an opera dancer, a hairdresser,
   a cook.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is te rm sh ould not be confounded with the English
     word artist.

                             Artistic, Artistical

   Ar*tis"tic, Ar*tis"tic*al (#), a. [Cf. F. artistique, fr. artiste.] Of
   or  pertaining  to art or to artists; made in the manner of an artist;
   conformable  to  art; characterized by art; showing taste or skill. --
   Ar*tis"tic*al*ly, adv.

                                   Artistry

   Art"ist*ry (#), n.

   1. Works of art collectively.

   2. Artistic effect or quality. Southey.

   3. Artistic pursuits; artistic ability. The Academy.

                                    Artless

   Art"less (#), a.

   1. Wanting art, knowledge, or skill; ignorant; unskillful.

     Artless of stars and of the moving sand. Dryden.

   2. Contrived without skill or art; inartistic. [R.]

     Artless and massy pillars. T. Warton.

   3.  Free  from  guile,  art,  craft,  or  stratagem;  characterized by
   simplicity  and  sincerity; sincere; guileless; ingenuous; honest; as,
   an artless mind; an artless tale.

     They  were  plain,  artless  men,  without  the least appearance of
     enthusiasm or credulity about them. Porteus.

     O,  how  unlike  the  complex works of man, Heaven's easy, artless,
     unencumbered plan! Cowper.

   Syn.   --   Simple;   unaffected;   sincere;  undesigning;  guileless;
   unsophisticated; open; frank; candid.

                                   Artlessly

   Art"less*ly,  adv. In an artless manner; without art, skill, or guile;
   unaffectedly. Pope.

                                  Artlessness

   Art"less*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being artless, or void of art or
   guile; simplicity; sincerity.

                                     Artly

   Art"ly, adv. With art or skill. [Obs.]

                           Artocarpeous, Artocarpous

   Ar`to*car"pe*ous  (#),  Ar`to*car"pous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  Of  or
   pertaining to the breadfruit, or to the genus Artocarpus.

                                   Artotype

   Ar"to*type (#), n. [Art + type.] A kind of autotype.

                                  Artotyrite

   Ar`to*ty"rite (#), n. [LL. Artotyritae, pl., fr. Gr. (Eccl. Hist.) One
   of  a  sect  in the primitive church, who celebrated the Lord's Supper
   with  bread  and  cheese, alleging that the first oblations of men not
   only of the fruit of the earth, but of their flocks. [Gen. iv. 3, 4.]

                                     Artow

   Ar"tow (#). A contraction of art thou. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Artsman

   Arts"man (#), n. A man skilled in an art or in arts. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                   Art union

   Art`  un"ion  (#).  An association for promoting art (esp. the arts of
   design), and giving encouragement to artists.

                                     Arum

   A"rum,  n.  [L.  arum,  aros,  Gr.  A genus of plants found in central
   Europe  and  about  the  Mediterranean,  having  flowers  on  a spadix
   inclosed in a spathe. The cuckoopint of the English is an example.

     Our common arums the lords and ladies of village children. Lubbock.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e Am erican "J ack in  the pulpit" is now separated
     from the genus Arum.

                                  Arundelian

   Ar`un*del"ian (#), a. Pertaining to an Earl of Arundel; as, Arundel or
   Arundelian marbles, marbles from ancient Greece, bought by the Earl of
   Arundel in 1624.

                                 Arundiferous

   Ar`un*dif"er*ous,  a.  [L.  arundifer;  arundo  reed + ferre to bear.]
   Producing reeds or canes.

                                 Arundinaceous

   A*run`di*na"ceous  (#),  a.  [L. arundinaceus, fr. arundo reed.] Of or
   pertaining to a reed; resembling the reed or cane.

                                  Arundineous

   Ar`un*din"e*ous  (#),  a.  [L. arundineus, fr. arundo reed.] Abounding
   with reeds; reedy.

                                    Aruspex

   A*rus"pex (#), n.; pl. Aruspices (#). [L. aruspex or haruspex.] One of
   the  class  of  diviners  among the Etruscans and Romans, who foretold
   events  by  the  inspection  of the entrails of victims offered on the
   altars of the gods.

                                   Aruspice

   A*rus"pice  (#),  n.  [L.  aruspex:  cf.  F.  aruspice.  Cf.  Aruspex,
   Haruspice.]  A  soothsayer  of ancient Rome. Same as Aruspex. [Written
   also haruspice.]

                                   Aruspicy

   A*rus"pi*cy  (#),  n. [L. aruspicium, haruspicium.] Prognostication by
   inspection of the entrails of victims slain sacrifice.

                                     Arval

   Ar"val  (#),  n.  [W.  arwyl  funeral;  ar over + wylo to weep, or cf.
   arf\'94l;  Icel.  arfr  inheritance  +  Sw.  \'94l ale. Cf. Bridal.] A
   funeral feast. [North of Eng.] Grose.

                                   Arvicole

   Ar"vi*cole  (#), n. [L. arvum field + colere to inhabit.] (Zo\'94l.) A
   mouse of the genus Arvicola; the meadow mouse. There are many species.

                                     Aryan

   Ar"yan (#), n. [Skr. \'berya excellent, honorable; akin to the name of
   the  country  Iran,  and perh. to Erin, Ireland, and the early name of
   this people, at least in Asia.]

   1.  One  of  a  primitive people supposed to have lived in prehistoric
   times,  in  Central  Asia,  east  of the Caspian Sea, and north of the
   Hindoo <-- p. 87 -->

   2. The language of the original Aryans. [Written also Arian.]

                                     Aryan

   Ar"yan  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  the  people  called  Aryans;
   Indo-European;   Indo-Germanic;   as,   the  Aryan  stock,  the  Aryan
   languages.

                                   Aryanize

   Ar"yan*ize,  v.  t.  To  make  Aryan  (a language, or in language). K.
   Johnston.

                                   Arytenoid

   A*ryt"e*noid  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Anat.)  Ladle-shaped; -- applied to two
   small cartilages of the larynx, and also to the glands, muscles, etc.,
   connected  with  them.  The  cartilages  are  attached  to the cricoid
   cartilage and connected with the vocal cords.

                                      As

   As (#), adv. & conj. [OE. as, als, alse, also, al swa, AS. eal sw\'be,
   lit.  all so; hence, quite so, quite as: cf. G. als as, than, also so,
   then. See Also.]

   1.  Denoting  equality  or  likeness in kind, degree, or manner; like;
   similar  to;  in the same manner with or in which; in accordance with;
   in  proportion  to;  to  the  extent  or  degree in which or to which;
   equally; no less than; as, ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil;
   you will reap as you sow; do as you are bidden.

     His  spiritual  attendants  adjured  him,  as he loved his soul, to
     emancipate his brethren. Macaulay.

     NOTE: &hand; As  is  of ten pr eceded by  on e of the antecedent or
     correlative  words such, same, so, or as, in expressing an equality
     or  comparison;  as, give us such things as you please, and so long
     as  you  please,  or  as  long as you please; he is not so brave as
     Cato;  she  is  as  amiable  as she is handsome; come as quickly as
     possible.  "Bees appear fortunately to prefer the same colors as we
     do." Lubbock. As, in a preceding part of a sentence, has such or so
     to  answer  correlatively  to  it;  as with the people, so with the
     priest.

   2.  In  the  idea, character, or condition of, -- limiting the view to
   certain attributes or relations; as, virtue considered as virtue; this
   actor will appear as Hamlet.

     The  beggar  is greater as a man, than is the man merely as a king.
     Dewey.

   3. While; during or at the same time that; when; as, he trembled as he
   spoke.

     As I return I will fetch off these justices. Shak.

   4. Because; since; it being the case that.

     As  the population of Scotland had been generally trained to arms .
     . . they were not indifferently prepared. Sir W. Scott.

   [See Synonym under Because.]

   5. Expressing concession. (Often approaching though in meaning).

     We  wish, however, to avail ourselves of the interest, transient as
     it may be, which this work has excited. Macaulay.

   6.  That, introducing or expressing a result or consequence, after the
   correlatives so and such. [Obs.]

     I  can  place  thee  in such abject state, as help shall never find
     thee. Rowe.

   So as, so that. [Obs.]

     The  relations  are  so  uncertain  as they require a great deal of
     examination. Bacon.

   7. As if; as though. [Obs. or Poetic]

     He lies, as he his bliss did know. Waller.

   8.  For  instance;  by  way  of  example;  thus;  -- used to introduce
   illustrative phrases, sentences, or citations.

   9. Than. [Obs. & R.]

     The king was not more forward to bestow favors on them as they free
     to deal affronts to others their superiors. Fuller.

   10. Expressing a wish. [Obs.] "As have," i. e., may he have. Chaucer.
   As . . . as. See So . . . as, under So. -- As far as, to the extent or
   degree.  "As far as can be ascertained." Macaulay. -- As far forth as,
   as  far  as.  [Obs.]  Chaucer. -- As for, OR As to, in regard to; with
   respect  to. -- As good as, not less than; not falling short of. -- As
   good  as one's word, faithful to a promise. -- As if, or As though, of
   the  same  kind,  or in the same condition or manner, that it would be
   if.  --  As  it  were  (as  if  it  were), a qualifying phrase used to
   apologize for or to relieve some expression which might be regarded as
   inappropriate or incongruous; in a manner. -- As now, just now. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.  --  As swythe, as quickly as possible. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- As
   well,  also;  too;  besides.  Addison. -- As well as, equally with, no
   less  than.  "I  have understanding as well as you." Job xii. 3. -- As
   yet, until now; up to or at the present time; still; now.

                                      As

   As (#), n. [See Ace.] An ace. [Obs.] Chaucer. Ambes-as, double aces.

                                      As

   As (#), n.; pl. Asses (#). [L. as. See Ace.]

   1.  A  Roman  weight, answering to the libra or pound, equal to nearly
   eleven ounces Troy weight. It was divided into twelve ounces.

   2.  A  Roman  copper  coin, originally of a pound weight (12 oz.); but
   reduced, after the first Punic war, to two ounces; in the second Punic
   war, to one ounce; and afterwards to half an ounce.

                                      Asa

   As"a (#), n. [NL. asa, of oriental origin; cf. Per. az\'be mastic, Ar.
   as\'be healing, is\'be remedy.] An ancient name of a gum.

                            Asafetida, Asaf\'d2tida

   As`a*fet"i*da, As`a*f\'d2t"i*da (#), n. [Asa + L. foetidus fetid.] The
   fetid  gum  resin  or inspissated juice of a large umbelliferous plant
   (Ferula  asaf\'d2tida)  of  Persia  and  the East India. It is used in
   medicine as an antispasmodic. [Written also assaf\'d2tida.]

                                    Asaphus

   As"a*phus  (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of trilobites found
   in the Lower Silurian formation. See Illust. in Append.

                                  Asarabacca

   As`a*ra*bac"ca  (#),  n.  [L.  asarum  +  bacca a berry. See Asarone.]
   (Bot.)  An acrid herbaceous plant (Asarum Europ\'91um), the leaves and
   roots  of  which  are  emetic and cathartic. It is principally used in
   cephalic snuffs.

                                    Asarone

   As"a*rone  (#), n. [L. asarum hazelwort, wild spikenard, Gr. (Chem.) A
   crystallized  substance,  resembling camphor, obtained from the Asarum
   Europ\'91um; -- called also camphor of asarum.

                                   Asbestic

   As*bes"tic   (#),  a.  Of,  pertaining  to,  or  resembling  asbestus;
   inconsumable; asbestine.

                                  Asbestiform

   As*bes"ti*form  (#),  a.  [L.  asbestus  +  -form.] Having the form or
   structure of asbestus.

                                   Asbestine

   As*bes"tine  (#), a. Of or pertaining to asbestus, or partaking of its
   nature; incombustible; asbestic.

                                   Asbestous

   As*bes"tous (#), a. Asbestic.

                              Asbestus, Asbestos

   As*bes"tus  (#), As*bes"tos (?; 277), n. [L. asbestos (NL. asbestus) a
   kind  of mineral unaffected by fire, Gr. (Min.) A variety of amphibole
   or  of  pyroxene, occurring in long and delicate fibers, or in fibrous
   masses  or  seams,  usually of a white, gray, or green-gray color. The
   name is also given to a similar variety of serpentine.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e finer varieties have been wrought into gloves and
     cloth  which  are  incombustible.  The cloth was formerly used as a
     shroud  for  dead  bodies,  and  has been recommended for firemen's
     clothes.  Asbestus  in  also  employed  in  the manufacture of iron
     safes, for fireproof roofing, and for lampwicks. Some varieties are
     called amianthus.

   Dana.

                                    Asbolin

   As"bo*lin  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Chem.)  A  peculiar  acrid and bitter oil,
   obtained from wood soot.

                                    Ascarid

   As"ca*rid  (#),  n.;  pl. Ascarides (#) or Ascarids. [NL. ascaris, fr.
   Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  parasitic  nematoid  worm,  espec.  the roundworm,
   Ascaris  lumbricoides,  often  occurring  in  the  human intestine and
   allied species found in domestic animals; also commonly applied to the
   pinworm (Oxyuris), often troublesome to children and aged persons.

                                    Ascend

   As*cend"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Ascended;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Ascending.] [L. ascendere; ad + scandere to climb, mount. See Scan.]

   1. To move upward; to mount; to go up; to rise; -- opposed to descend.

     Higher yet that star ascends. Bowring.

     I ascend unto my father and your father. John xx. 17.

     NOTE: Formerly used with up.

     The smoke of it ascended up to heaven. Addison.

   2.  To  rise,  in a figurative sense; to proceed from an inferior to a
   superior  degree,  from  mean  to  noble  objects, from particulars to
   generals,  from modern to ancient times, from one note to another more
   acute,  etc.;  as,  our inquiries ascend to the remotest antiquity; to
   ascend  to our first progenitor. Syn. -- To rise; mount; climb; scale;
   soar; tower.

                                    Ascend

   As*cend",  v.  t.  To  go  or  move upward upon or along; to climb; to
   mount;  to go up the top of; as, to ascend a hill, a ladder, a tree, a
   river, a throne.

                                  Ascendable

   As*cend"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being ascended.

                            Ascendancy, Ascendance

   As*cend"an*cy (#), As*cend"ance (#), n. Same as Ascendency.

                                   Ascendant

   As*cend"ant (#), n. [F. ascendant, L. ascendens; p. pr. of ascendere.]

   1. Ascent; height; elevation. [R.]

     Sciences that were then in their highest ascendant. Temple.

   2. (Astrol.) The horoscope, or that degree of the ecliptic which rises
   above  the  horizon  at  the moment of one's birth; supposed to have a
   commanding influence on a person's life and fortune.

     NOTE: &hand; Hence the phrases

   To  be  in  the  ascendant, to have commanding power or influence, and
   Lord  of  the  ascendant,  one  who  has  possession  of such power or
   influence; as, to rule, for a while, lord of the ascendant. Burke.

   3.  Superiority,  or commanding influence; ascendency; as, one man has
   the ascendant over another.

     Chievres  had  acquired  over  the  mind  of  the young monarch the
     ascendant not only of a tutor, but of a parent. Robertson.

   4.  An  ancestor,  or  one  who  precedes  in  genealogy or degrees of
   kindred; a relative in the ascending line; a progenitor; -- opposed to
   descendant. Ayliffe.

                             Ascendant, Ascendent

   As*cend"ant (#), As*cend"ent (#), a.

   1. Rising toward the zenith; above the horizon.

     The constellation . . . about that time ascendant. Browne.

   2. Rising; ascending. Ruskin.

   3. Superior; surpassing; ruling.

     An ascendant spirit over him. South.

     The ascendant community obtained a surplus of wealth. J. S. Mill.

     Without some power of persuading or confuting, of defending himself
     against  accusations, . . . no man could possibly hold an ascendent
     position. Grote.

                                  Ascendency

   As*cend"en*cy  (#), n. Governing or controlling influence; domination;
   power.

     An undisputed ascendency. Macaulay.

     Custom has an ascendency over the understanding. Watts.

   Syn.  --  Control;  authority;  influence; sway; dominion; prevalence;
   domination.

                                  Ascendible

   As*cend"i*ble  (#),  a.  [L. ascendibilis.] Capable of being ascended;
   climbable.

                                   Ascending

   As*cend"ing,  a.  Rising;  moving  upward;  as,  an ascending kite. --
   As*cend"ing*ly,  adv.  Ascending  latitude  (Astron.),  the increasing
   latitude  of a planet. Ferguson. -- Ascending line (Geneol.), the line
   of  relationship  traced  backward  or  through one's ancestors. One's
   father  and mother, grandfather and grandmother, etc., are in the line
   direct ascending. -- Ascending node having, that node of the moon or a
   planet wherein it passes the ecliptic to proceed northward. It is also
   called the northern node. Herschel. -- Ascending series. (Math.) (a) A
   series arranged according to the ascending powers of a quantity. (b) A
   series  in which each term is greater than the preceding. -- Ascending
   signs, signs east of the meridian.

                                   Ascension

   As*cen"sion,  n.  [F.  ascension,  L.  ascensio,  fr.  ascendere.  See
   Ascend.]

   1. The act of ascending; a rising; ascent.

   2.  Specifically: The visible ascent of our Savior on the fortieth day
   after his resurrection. (Acts i. 9.) Also, Ascension Day.

   3.  An  ascending  or  arising,  as  in  distillation; also that which
   arises, as from distillation.

     Vaporous ascensions from the stomach. Sir T. Browne.

   Ascension  Day,  the  Thursday  but one before Whitsuntide, the day on
   which  commemorated  our  Savior's  ascension  into  heaven  after his
   resurrection;  --  called  also  Holy  Thursday.  --  Right  ascension
   (Astron.),  that degree of the equinoctial, counted from the beginning
   of Aries, which rises with a star, or other celestial body, in a right
   sphere;  or the arc of the equator intercepted between the first point
   of Aries and that point of the equator that comes to the meridian with
   the  star;  --  expressed  either  in  degrees  or in time. -- Oblique
   ascension  (Astron.),  an  arc of the equator, intercepted between the
   first  point  of  Aries  and  that  point  of  the equator which rises
   together  with a star, in an oblique sphere; or the arc of the equator
   intercepted  between  the  first  point of Aries and that point of the
   equator  that  comes  to the horizon with a star. It is little used in
   modern astronomy.

                                  Ascensional

   As*cen"sion*al  (#),  a. Relating to ascension; connected with ascent;
   ascensive;  tending  upward;  as,  the ascensional power of a balloon.
   Ascensional  difference  (Astron.), the difference between oblique and
   right  ascension; -- used chiefly as expressing the difference between
   the  time  of  the rising or setting of a body and six o'clock, or six
   hours from its meridian passage.

                                   Ascensive

   As*cen"sive (#), a. [See Ascend.]

   1. Rising; tending to rise, or causing to rise. Owen.

   2. (Gram.) Augmentative; intensive. Ellicott.

                                    Ascent

   As*cent"  (#).  [Formed  like  descent, as if from a F. ascente, fr. a
   verb ascendre, fr. L. ascendere. See Ascend, Descent.]

   1.  The  act of rising; motion upward; rise; a mounting upward; as, he
   made a tedious ascent; the ascent of vapors from the earth.

     To him with swift ascent he up returned. Milton.

   2. The way or means by which one ascends.

   3. An eminence, hill, or high place. Addison.

   4.  The degree of elevation of an object, or the angle it makes with a
   horizontal  line;  inclination; rising grade; as, a road has an ascent
   of five degrees.

                                   Ascertain

   As`cer*tain" (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ascertained (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Ascertaining.] [OF. acertener; a (L. ad) + certain. See Certain.]

   1.  To  render  (a  person) certain; to cause to feel certain; to make
   confident; to assure; to apprise. [Obs.]

     When the blessed Virgin was so ascertained. Jer. Taylor.

     Muncer  assured them that the design was approved of by Heaven, and
     that  the  Almighty  had in a dream ascertained him of its effects.
     Robertson.

   2.  To  make  (a  thing)  certain to the mind; to free from obscurity,
   doubt, or change; to make sure of; to fix; to determine. [Archaic]

     The divine law . . . ascertaineth the truth. Hooker.

     The  very deferring [of his execution] shall increase and ascertain
     the condemnation. Jer. Taylor.

     The  ministry, in order to ascertain a majority . . . persuaded the
     queen to create twelve new peers. Smollett.

     The  mildness  and precision of their laws ascertained the rule and
     measure of taxation. Gibbon.

   3.  To  find  out  or learn for a certainty, by trial, examination, or
   experiment;  to  get  to  know;  as,  to  ascertain  the  weight  of a
   commodity, or the purity of a metal.

     He was there only for the purpose of ascertaining whether a descent
     on England was practicable. Macaulay.

                                 Ascertainable

   As`cer*tain"a*ble    (#),    a.    That   may   be   ascertained.   --
   As`cer*tain"a*ble*ness, n. -- As`cer*tain"a*bly, adv.

                                  Ascertainer

   As`cer*tain"er (#), n. One who ascertains.

                                 Ascertainment

   As`cer*tain"ment  (#),  n.  The  act  of  ascertaining;  a reducing to
   certainty; a finding out by investigation; discovery.

     The positive ascertainment of its limits. Burke.

                           Ascessancy, n. Ascessant

   As*ces"san*cy  (#),  n.  As*ces"sant  (#), a. See Acescency, Acescent.
   [Obs.]

                                    Ascetic

   As*cet"ic  (#)  a.  [Gr. Extremely rigid in self-denial and devotions;
   austere; severe.

     The stern ascetic rigor of the Temple discipline. Sir W. Scott.

                                    Ascetic

   As*cet"ic,  n.  In  the  early  church,  one  who devoted himself to a
   solitary  and  contemplative  life, characterized by devotion, extreme
   self-denial,  and  self-mortification; a hermit; a recluse; hence, one
   who practices extreme rigor and self-denial in religious things.

     I am far from commending those ascetics that take up their quarters
     in deserts. Norris.

   Ascetic  theology,  the  science  which  treats of the practice of the
   theological  and  moral  virtues,  and the counsels of perfection. Am.
   Cyc.

                                  Asceticism

   As*cet"i*cism  (#),  n.  The  condition, practice, or mode of life, of
   ascetics.

                                    Ascham

   As"cham (#), n. [From Roger Ascham, who was a great lover of archery.]
   A  sort  of cupboard, or case, to contain bows and other implements of
   archery.

                                     Asci

   As"ci, n. pl. See Ascus.

                                    Ascian

   As"cian, n. One of the Ascii.

                                   Ascidian

   As*cid"i*an  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Ascidioidea, or in a
   more general sense, one of the Tunicata. Also as an adj.

                                  Ascidiarium

   As*cid`i*a"ri*um  (#), n. [NL. See Ascidium.] (Zo\'94l.) The structure
   which unites together the ascidiozooids in a compound ascidian.

                                  Ascidiform

   As*cid"i*form, a. [Gr. -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Shaped like an ascidian.

                                  Ascidioidea

   As*cid`i*oid"e*a (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. ascidium + -oid. See Ascidium.]
   (Zo\'94l.) A group of Tunicata, often shaped like a two-necked bottle.
   The  group  includes,  social,  and  compound  species.  The gill is a
   netlike  structure within the oral aperture. The integument is usually
   leathery in texture. See Illustration in Appendix. <-- p. 88 -->

                                 Ascidiozooid

   As*cid`i*o*zo"oid  (#),  n.  [Ascidium + zooid.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the
   individual members of a compound ascidian. See Ascidioidea.

                                   Ascidium

   As*cid"i*um (#), n.; pl. Ascidia (#). [NL., fr. ascus. See Ascus.]

   1.  (Bot.)  A pitcher-shaped, or flask-shaped, organ or appendage of a
   plant,  as  the leaves of the pitcher plant, or the little bladderlike
   traps of the bladderwort (Utricularia).

   2. pl. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of simple ascidians, which formerly included
   most  of  the  known  species.  It is sometimes used as a name for the
   Ascidioidea, or for all the Tunicata.

                                  Ascigerous

   As*cig"er*ous (#), a. [Ascus + -gerous.] (Bot.) Having asci. Loudon.

                                Ascii, Ascians

   As"ci*i  (#),  As"cians  (#),  n.  pl.  [L.  ascii, pl. of ascius, Gr.
   Persons  who, at certain times of the year, have no shadow at noon; --
   applied to the inhabitants of the torrid zone, who have, twice a year,
   a vertical sun.

                                    Ascites

   As*ci"tes  (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Med.) A collection of serous fluid in
   the cavity of the abdomen; dropsy of the peritoneum. Dunglison.

                              Ascitic, Ascitical

   As*cit"ic (#), As*cit"ic*al (#), a. Of, pertaining to, or affected by,
   ascites; dropsical.

                                  Ascititious

   As`ci*ti"tious  (#), a. [See Adscititious.] Supplemental; not inherent
   or original; adscititious; additional; assumed.

     Homer has been reckoned an ascititious name. Pope.

                                   Asclepiad

   As*cle"pi*ad  (#),  n. (Gr. & L. Pros.) A choriambic verse, first used
   by the Greek poet Asclepias, consisting of four feet, viz., a spondee,
   two choriambi, and an iambus.

                                Asclepiadaceous

   As*cle`pi*a*da"ceous, a. [See Asclepias.] (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or
   resembling, plants of the Milkweed family.

                                   Asclepias

   As*cle"pi*as,  n.  [L.,  fr.  Gr.  Asclepios or Aesculapius.] (Bot.) A
   genus  of  plants  including the milkweed, swallowwort, and some other
   species having medicinal properties. Asclepias butterfly (Zo\'94l.), a
   large,  handsome, red and black butterfly (Danais Archippus), found in
   both hemispheres. It feeds on plants of the genus Asclepias.

                                  Ascococcus

   As`co*coc"cus (#), n.; pl. Ascococci (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) A form
   of  micrococcus, found in putrid meat infusions, occurring in peculiar
   masses,  each of which is inclosed in a hyaline capsule and contains a
   large number of spherical micrococci.

                                   Ascospore

   As"co*spore  (#),  n.  [Ascus  +  spore.]  (Bot.)  One  of  the spores
   contained in the asci of lichens and fungi. [See Illust. of Ascus.]

                                  Ascribable

   As*crib"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being ascribed; attributable.

                                    Ascribe

   As*cribe"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Ascribed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Ascribing.]  [L.  ascribere,  adscribere, to ascribe; ad + scribere to
   write: cf. OF. ascrire. See Scribe.]

   1.  To  attribute,  impute, or refer, as to a cause; as, his death was
   ascribed  to  a  poison;  to  ascribe an effect to the right cause; to
   ascribe such a book to such an author.

     The  finest  [speech]  that is ascribed to Satan in the whole poem.
     Addison.

   2.  To  attribute,  as  a  quality, or an appurtenance; to consider or
   allege  to  belong.  Syn.  -- To Ascribe, Attribute, Impute. Attribute
   denotes,  1.  To  refer  some  quality or attribute to a being; as, to
   attribute  power to God. 2. To refer something to its cause or source;
   as,  to attribute a backward spring to icebergs off the coast. Ascribe
   is  used equally in both these senses, but involves a different image.
   To  impute usually denotes to ascribe something doubtful or wrong, and
   hence,  in general literature, has commonly a bad sense; as, to impute
   unworthy  motives.  The  theological sense of impute is not here taken
   into view.

     More than good-will to me attribute naught. Spenser.

     Ascribes his gettings to his parts and merit. Pope.

     And fairly quit him of the imputed blame. Spenser.

                                    Ascript

   As"cript (#), a. See Adscript. [Obs.]

                                  Ascription

   As*crip"tion  (#),  n. [L. ascriptio, fr. ascribere. See Ascribe.] The
   act  of  ascribing, imputing, or affirming to belong; also, that which
   is ascribed.

                                 Ascriptitious

   As`crip*ti"tious (#), a. [L. ascriptitius, fr. ascribere.]

   1. Ascribed.

   2. Added; additional. [Obs.]

     An ascriptitious and supernumerary God. Farindon.

                                     Ascus

   As"cus  (#), n.; pl. Asci (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A small membranous
   bladder  or  tube  in  which  are  inclosed  the seedlike reproductive
   particles or sporules of lichens and certain fungi.

                                     A-sea

   A-sea, adv. [Pref. a- + sea.] On the sea; at sea; toward the sea.

                                    Aseptic

   A*sep"tic (#), a. [Pref. a- not + septic.] Not liable to putrefaction;
   nonputrescent. -- n. An aseptic substance.

                                    Asexual

   A*sex"u*al  (?;  135),  a.  [Pref. a- not + sexual.] (Biol.) Having no
   distinct; without sexual action; as, asexual reproduction. See Fission
   and Gemmation.

                                   Asexually

   A*sex"u*al*ly (#), adv. In an asexual manner; without sexual agency.

                                      Ash

   Ash  (#),  n. [OE. asch, esh, AS. \'91sc; akin to OHG. asc, Sw. & Dan.
   ask, Icel. askr, D. esch, G. esche.]

   1.  (Bot.)  A  genus  of  trees  of  the Olive family, having opposite
   pinnate leaves, many of the species furnishing valuable timber, as the
   European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and the white ash (F. Americana).
   Prickly  ash  (Zanthoxylum  Americanum) and Poison ash (Rhus venenata)
   are  shrubs  of different families, somewhat resembling the true ashes
   in their foliage. -- Mountain ash. See Roman tree, and under Mountain.

   2. The tough, elastic wood of the ash tree.

     NOTE: Ash is  us ed adjectively, or as the first part of a compound
     term; as, ash bud, ash wood, ash tree, etc.

                                      Ash

   Ash, n., sing. of Ashes.

     NOTE: &hand; As  h is  ra rely us ed in  th e si ngular ex cept in 
     connection with chemical or geological products; as, soda ash, coal
     which yields a red ash, etc., or as a qualifying or combining word;
     as,  ash  bin,  ash  heap,  ash  hole,  ash pan, ash pit, ash-grey,
     ash-colored, pearlash, potash.

   Bone ash, burnt powered; bone earth. -- Volcanic ash. See under Ashes.

                                      Ash

   Ash, v. t. To strew or sprinkle with ashes. Howell.

                                    Ashame

   A*shame  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref. a- + shame: cf. AS. \'bescamian to shame
   (where  \'be-  is the same as Goth. us-, G. er-, and orig. meant out),
   gescamian, gesceamian, to shame.] To shame. [R.] Barrow.

                                    Ashamed

   A*shamed"  (#), a. [Orig. a p. p. of ashame, v. t.] Affected by shame;
   abashed or confused by guilt, or a conviction or consciousness of some
   wrong action or impropriety. "I am ashamed to beg." Wyclif.

     All that forsake thee shall be ashamed. Jer. xvii. 13.

     I began to be ashamed of sitting idle. Johnson.

     Enough to make us ashamed of our species. Macaulay.

     An  ashamed  person  can  hardly  endure  to meet the gaze of those
     present. Darwin.

     NOTE: &hand; As hamed se ldom pr ecedes th e no un or  pr onoun it 
     qualifies. By a Hebraism, it is sometimes used in the Bible to mean
     disappointed, or defeated.

                                   Ashamedly

   A*sham"ed*ly (#), adv. Bashfully. [R.]

                                   Ashantee

   Ash`an*tee"  (#),  n.; pl. Ashantees (#). A native or an inhabitant of
   Ashantee in Western Africa.

                                   Ashantee

   Ash`an*tee", a. Of or pertaining to Ashantee.

                                  Ash-colored

   Ash"-col`ored  (#),  a.  Of  the  color  of  ashes;  a whitish gray or
   brownish gray.

                                     Ashen

   Ash"en  (#), a. [See Ash, the tree.] Of or pertaining to the ash tree.
   "Ashen poles." Dryden.

                                     Ashen

   Ash"en,  a.  Consisting  of,  or resembling, ashes; of a color between
   brown and gray, or white and gray.

     The ashen hue of age. Sir W. Scott.

                                     Ashen

   Ash"en (#), n., obs. pl. for Ashes. Chaucer.

                                    Ashery

   Ash"er*y (#), n.

   1. A depository for ashes.

   2. A place where potash is made.

                                     Ashes

   Ash"es  (#),  n. pl. [OE. asche, aske, AS. asce, \'91sce, axe; akin to
   OHG.  asca,  G.  asche,  D.  asch,  Icel. & Sw. aska, Dan. aske, Goth.
   azgo.]

   1. The earthy or mineral particles of combustible substances remaining
   after combustion, as of wood or coal.

   2.  Specifically:  The  remains  of the human body when burnt, or when
   "returned to dust" by natural decay.

     Their martyred blood and ashes sow. Milton.

     The  coffins  were  broken  open.  The  ashes were scattered to the
     winds. Macaulay.

   3. The color of ashes; deathlike paleness.

     The lip of ashes, and the cheek of flame. Byron.

   In  dust  and ashes, In sackcloth and ashes, with humble expression of
   grief  or repentance; -- from the method of mourning in Eastern lands.
   -- Volcanic ashes, OR Volcanic ash, the loose, earthy matter, or small
   fragments of stone or lava, ejected by volcanoes.

                                   Ash-fire

   Ash"-fire, n. A low fire used in chemical operations.

                             Ash-furnace, Ash-oven

   Ash"-fur`nace  (#),  Ash"-ov`en (#), n. A furnace or oven for fritting
   materials for glass making.

                                    Ashine

   A*shine" (#), a. Shining; radiant.

                                Ashlar, Ashler

   Ash"lar,  Ash"ler  (#),  n.  [OE.  ascheler, achiler, OF. aiseler, fr.
   aiselle,  dim.  of  ais  plank,  fr.  L. axis, assis, plank, axle. See
   Axle.]

   1.  (Masonry) (a) Hewn or squared stone; also, masonry made of squared
   or hewn stone.

     Rough ashlar, a block of freestone as brought from the quarry. When
     hammer-dressed it is known as common ashlar. Knight.

   (b)  In  the  United  States  especially, a thin facing of squared and
   dressed stone upon a wall of rubble or brick. Knight.

                             Ashlaring, Ashlering

   Ash"lar*ing, Ash"ler*ing, n.

   1. The act of bedding ashlar in mortar.

   2. Ashlar when in thin slabs and made to serve merely as a case to the
   body of the wall. Brande & C.

   3.  (Carp.)  The  short  upright  pieces  between  the floor beams and
   rafters in garrets. See Ashlar, 2.

                                    Ashore

   A*shore"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a- + shore.] On shore or on land; on the
   land  adjacent  to  water;  to  the  shore; to the land; aground (when
   applied to a ship); -- sometimes opposed to aboard or afloat.

     Here shall I die ashore. Shak.

     I must fetch his necessaries ashore. Shak.

                                   Ashtoreth

   Ash"to*reth  (#), n.; pl. Ashtaroth (#). The principal female divinity
   of  the  Ph\'d2nicians,  as  Baal  was the principal male divinity. W.
   Smith.

                                 Ash Wednesday

   Ash` Wednes"day (#). The first day of Lent; -- so called from a custom
   in  the  Roman Catholic church of putting ashes, on that day, upon the
   foreheads of penitents.

                                    Ashweed

   Ash"weed` (#), n. (Bot.) [A corruption of ache-weed; F. ache. So named
   from the likeness of its leaves to those of ache (celery).] Goutweed.

                                     Ashy

   Ash"y (#), a.

   1.  Pertaining  to,  or  composed  of, ashes; filled, or strewed with,
   ashes.

   2. Ash-colored; whitish gray; deadly pale. Shak.
   Ashy pale, pale as ashes. Shak.

                                     Asian

   A"sian  (#),  a.  [L.  Asianus,  Gr.  Asia.] Of or pertaining to Asia;
   Asiatic. "Asian princes." Jer. Taylor. -- n. An Asiatic.

                                    Asiarch

   A"si*arch  (#),  n. [L. Asiarcha, Gr. One of the chiefs or pontiffs of
   the  Roman province of Asia, who had the superintendence of the public
   games and religious rites. Milner.

                                    Asiatic

   A`si*at"ic  (#),  a. [L. Asiaticus, Gr. Of or pertaining to Asia or to
   its inhabitants. -- n. A native, or one of the people, of Asia.

                                  Asiaticism

   A`si*at"i*cism (#), n. Something peculiar to Asia or the Asiatics.

                                     Aside

   A*side" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + side.]

   1.  On, or to, one side; out of a straight line, course, or direction;
   at a little distance from the rest; out of the way; apart.

     Thou shalt set aside that which is full. 2 Kings iv. 4.

     But soft! but soft! aside: here comes the king. Shak.

     The flames were blown aside. Dryden.

   2. Out of one's thoughts; off; away; as, to put aside gloomy thoughts.
   "Lay aside every weight." Heb. xii. 1.

   3. So as to be heard by others; privately.

     Then lords and ladies spake aside. Sir W. Scott.

   To  set aside (Law), to annul or defeat the effect or operation of, by
   a  subsequent  decision  of  the  same  or  of a superior tribunal; to
   declare of no authority; as, to set aside a verdict or a judgment.

                                     Aside

   A*side", n. Something spoken aside; as, a remark made by a stageplayer
   which the other players are not supposed to hear.

                                    Asilus

   A*si"lus  (#),  n.  [L.,  a  gadfly.]  (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large and
   voracious two-winged flies, including the bee killer and robber fly.

                               Asinego, Assinego

   As`i*ne"go,  As`si*ne"go  (#), n. [Sp. asnico, dim. of asno an ass.] A
   stupid fellow. [Obs.] Shak.

                                    Asinine

   As"i*nine  (#),  a.  [L.  asininus,  fr.  asinus  ass. See Ass.] Of or
   belonging  to,  or  having the qualities of, the ass, as stupidity and
   obstinacy. "Asinine nature." B. Jonson. "Asinine feast." Milton.

                                   Asininity

   As`i*nin"i*ty (#), n. The quality of being asinine; stupidity combined
   with obstinacy.

                                  Asiphonate

   A*si"phon*ate  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.) Destitute of a siphon or breathing
   tube; -- said of many bivalve shells. -- n. An asiphonate mollusk.

                       Asiphonea, Asiphonata, Asiphonida

   As`i*pho"ne*a  (#),  A*si`pho*na"ta  (#),  As`i*phon"i*da  (#), n. pl.
   [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  group of bivalve mollusks destitute of
   siphons, as the oyster; the asiphonate mollusks.

                                    Asitia

   A*si"ti*a (#), n. [Gr. (Med.) Want of appetite; loathing of food.

                                      Ask

   Ask  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Asked (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Asking.] [OE.
   asken,   ashen,   axien,   AS.   \'bescian,  \'becsian;  akin  to  OS.
   \'c7sc\'d3n, OHG. eisc\'d3n, Sw. \'beska, Dan. \'91ske, D. eischen, G.
   heischen,  Lith.  j\'89sk\'a2ti,  OSlav.  iskati  to seek, Skr. ish to
   desire. \'fb5.]

   1. To request; to seek to obtain by words; to petition; to solicit; --
   often with of, in the sense of from, before the person addressed.

     Ask counsel, we pray thee, of God. Judg. xviii. 5.

     If  ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall ask what ye
     will, and it shall be done unto you. John xv. 7.

   2.   To   require,  demand,  claim,  or  expect,  whether  by  way  of
   remuneration or return, or as a matter of necessity; as, what price do
   you ask?

     Ask me never so much dowry. Gen. xxxiv. 12.

     To  whom  men  have  committed much, of him they will ask the more.
     Luke xii. 48.

     An exigence of state asks a much longer time to conduct a design to
     maturity. Addison.

   3. To interrogate or inquire of or concerning; to put a question to or
   about; to question.

     He is of age; ask him: he shall speak for himself. John ix. 21.

     He asked the way to Chester. Shak.

   4. To invite; as, to ask one to an entertainment.

   5.  To  publish  in church for marriage; -- said of both the banns and
   the persons. Fuller. Syn. -- To beg; request; seek; petition; solicit;
   entreat;  beseech;  implore;  crave;  require; demand; claim; exhibit;
   inquire; interrogate. See Beg.

                                      Ask

   Ask, v. i.

   1. To request or petition; -- usually folllowed by for; as, to ask for
   bread.

     Ask, and it shall be given you. Matt. vii. 7.

   2.  To  make  inquiry,  or  seek  by request; -- sometimes followed by
   after.

     Wherefore . . . dost ask after my name? Gen. xxxii. 29.

                                      Ask

   Ask (#), n. [See 2d Asker.] (Zo\'94l.) A water newt. [Scot. & North of
   Eng.]

                                Askance, Askant

   A*skance"  (#),  A*skant" (#), adv. [Cf. D. schuin, schuins, sideways,
   schuiven  to shove, schuinte slope. Cf. Asquint.] Sideways; obliquely;
   with a side glance; with disdain, envy, or suspicion.

     They dart away; they wheel askance. Beattie.

     My palfrey eyed them askance. Landor.

     Both . . . were viewed askance by authority. Gladstone.

                                    Askance

   A*skance", v. t. To turn aside. [Poet.]

     O,  how  are  they  wrapped  in  with  infamies That from their own
     misdeeds askance their eyes! Shak.

                                     Asker

   Ask"er, n. One who asks; a petitioner; an inquirer. Shak.

                                     Asker

   Ask"er,  n. [A corruption of AS. a lizard, newt.] (Zo\'94l.) An ask; a
   water newt. [Local Eng.]

                                     Askew

   A*skew",  adv. & a. [Pref. a- + skew.] Awry; askance; asquint; oblique
   or  obliquely;  --  sometimes indicating scorn, or contempt, or entry.
   Spenser.

                                    Asking

   Ask"ing, n.

   1.  The  act  of  inquiring  or  requesting; a petition; solicitation.
   Longfellow.

   2. The publishing of banns. <-- p. 89 -->

                                    Aslake

   A*slake"  (#),  v.  t. & i. [AS. \'beslacian, slacian, to slacken. Cf.
   Slake.]  To  mitigate; to moderate; to appease; to abate; to diminish.
   [Archaic] Chaucer.

                                    Aslant

   A*slant"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref. a- + slant.] Toward one side; in a
   slanting direction; obliquely.

     [The shaft] drove through his neck aslant. Dryden.

                                    Aslant

   A*slant", prep. In a slanting direction over; athwart.

     There is a willow grows aslant a brook. Shak.

                                    Asleep

   A*sleep", a. & adv. [Pref. a- + sleep.]

   1. In a state of sleep; in sleep; dormant.

     Fast asleep the giant lay supine. Dryden.

     By whispering winds soon lulled asleep. Milton.

   2. In the sleep of the grave; dead.

     Concerning  them  which are asleep . . . sorrow not, even as others
     which have no hope. 1 Thess. iv. 13.

   3. Numbed, and, usually, tingling. Udall.

     Leaning  long  upon  any  part  maketh it numb, and, as we call it,
     asleep. Bacon.

                                    Aslope

   A*slope"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref.  a-  +  slope.] Slopingly; aslant;
   declining  from  an upright direction; sloping. "Set them not upright,
   but aslope." Bacon.

                                     Aslug

   A*slug" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + slug to move slowly.] Sluggishly. [Obs.]
   Fotherby.

                                    Asmear

   A*smear" (#), a. [Pref. a- + smear.] Smeared over. Dickens.

                                   Asmonean

   As`mo*ne"an (#), a. Of or pertaining to the patriotic Jewish family to
   which  the  Maccabees  belonged;  Maccabean; as, the Asmonean dynasty.
   [Written also Asmon\'91an.]

                                   Asmonean

   As`mo*ne"an, n. One of the Asmonean family. The Asmoneans were leaders
   and rulers of the Jews from 168 to 35 b. c.

                                     Asoak

   A*soak" (#), a. [Pref. a- + soak.] Soaking.

                                   Asomatous

   A*so"ma*tous  (#),  a.  [L.  asomatus,  Gr.  Without  a material body;
   incorporeal. Todd.

                                    Asonant

   As"o*nant  (#),  a.  [Pref. a- not + sonant.] Not sounding or sounded.
   [R.] C. C. Felton.

                                      Asp

   Asp (#), n. (Bot.) Same as Aspen. "Trembling poplar or asp." Martyn.

                                      Asp

   Asp  (#),  n.  [L. aspis, fr. Gr. aspe, F. aspic.] (Zo\'94l.) A small,
   hooded,  poisonous serpent of Egypt and adjacent countries, whose bite
   is often fatal. It is the Naja haje. The name is also applied to other
   poisonous serpents, esp. to Vipera aspis of southern Europe. See Haje.
   <-- what is "Ecclus."? Not in the set of references! -->

                                  Aspalathus

   As*pal"a*thus  (#),  n.  [L. aspalathus, Gr. (Bot.) (a) A thorny shrub
   yielding  a  fragrant  oil. Ecclus. xxiv. 15. (b) A genus of plants of
   the  natural  order  Leguminos\'91. The species are chiefly natives of
   the Cape of Good Hope. <-- amino acid -->

                                  Asparagine

   As*par"a*gine   (#),   n.   [Cf.  F.  asparagine.]  (Chem.)  A  white,
   nitrogenous,  crystallizable  substance,  C4H8N2O3+H2O,  found in many
   plants,  and  first  obtained from asparagus. It is believed to aid in
   the  disposition of nitrogenous matter throughout the plant; -- called
   also altheine.

                                 Asparaginous

   As`pa*rag"i*nous  (#),  a.  Pertaining  or  allied  to, or resembling,
   asparagus;   having   shoots  which  are  eaten  like  asparagus;  as,
   asparaginous vegetables.

                                   Asparagus

   As*par"a*gus  (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. prong, sprout, Pers. asparag, Lith.
   spurgas  sprout,  Skr.  sphurj to swell. Perh. the Greek borrowed from
   the Persian. Cf. Sparrowgrass.]

   1.  (Bot.)  A genus of perennial plants belonging to the natural order
   Liliace\'91,  and  having  erect much branched stems, and very slender
   branchlets   which   are  sometimes  mistaken  for  leaves.  Asparagus
   racemosus   is   a  shrubby  climbing  plant  with  fragrant  flowers.
   Specifically:  The  Asparagus  officinalis,  a  species  cultivated in
   gardens.

   2.  The  young  and  tender  shoots  of  A.  officinalis, which form a
   valuable and well-known article of food.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd wa s formerly pronounced sparrowgrass; but
     this  pronunciation  is  now  confined  exclusively  to  uneducated
     people.

   Asparagus  beetle  (Zo\'94l.),  a  small  beetle  (Crioceris asparagi)
   injurious to asparagus.

                                   Aspartic

   As*par"tic  (#), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived, asparagine; as,
   aspartic acid.

                                    Aspect

   As"pect (#), n. [L. aspectus, fr. aspicere, aspectum, to look at; ad +
   spicere, specere, to look, akin to E. spy.]

   1.  The  act  of  looking;  vision;  gaze;  glance. [R.] "The basilisk
   killeth by aspect." Bacon.

     His aspect was bent on the ground. Sir W. Scott.

   2. Look, or particular appearance of the face; countenance; mien; air.
   "Serious in aspect." Dryden.

     [Craggs] with aspect open shall erect his head. Pope.

   3.  Appearance  to  the  eye  or  the mind; look; view. "The aspect of
   affairs." Macaulay.

     The true aspect of a world lying in its rubbish. T. Burnet.

   4.  Position  or  situation with regard to seeing; that position which
   enables one to look in a particular direction; position in relation to
   the points of the compass; as, a house has a southern aspect, that is,
   a position which faces the south.

   5. Prospect; outlook. [Obs.]

     This  town  affords  a  good  aspect toward the hill from whence we
     descended. Evelyn.

   6.  (Astrol.)  The  situation  of planets or stars with respect to one
   another, or the angle formed by the rays of light proceeding from them
   and  meeting  at the eye; the joint look of planets or stars upon each
   other or upon the earth. Milton.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e as pects wh ich tw o planets can assume are five;
     sextile,

     7.  (Astrol.)  The  influence of the stars for good or evil; as, an
     ill aspect. Shak.

     The astrologers call the evil influences of the stars evil aspects.
     Bacon.

     Aspect of a plane

   (Geom.), the direction of the plane.

                                    Aspect

   As*pect" (#), v. t. [L. aspectare, v. intens. of aspicere. See Aspect,
   n.] To behold; to look at. [Obs.]

                                  Aspectable

   As*pect"a*ble  (#),  a.  [L. aspectabilis.] Capable of being; visible.
   "The aspectable world." Ray. "Aspectable stars." Mrs. Browning.

                                   Aspectant

   As*pect"ant (#), a. (Her.) Facing each other.

                                   Aspected

   As*pect"ed, a. Having an aspect. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

                                   Aspection

   As*pec"tion (#), n. [L. aspectio, fr. aspicere to look at.] The act of
   viewing; a look. [Obs.]

                                  Aspen, Asp

   Asp"en  (#), Asp (#), n. [AS. \'91sp, \'91ps; akin to OHG. aspa, Icel.
   \'94sp,  Dan.  \'91sp,  Sw.  asp,  D. esp, G. espe, \'84spe, aspe; cf.
   Lettish  apsa, Lith. apuszis.] (Bot.) One of several species of poplar
   bearing  this name, especially the Populus tremula, so called from the
   trembling  of its leaves, which move with the slightest impulse of the
   air.

                                     Aspen

   Asp"en  (#),  a. Of or pertaining to the aspen, or resembling it; made
   of aspen wood.

     Nor aspen leaves confess the gentlest breeze. Gay.

                                     Asper

   As"per (#), a. [OE. aspre, OF. aspre, F. \'83pre, fr. L. asper rough.]
   Rough;  rugged;  harsh;  bitter;  stern;  fierce.  [Archaic] "An asper
   sound." Bacon.

                                     Asper

   As"per  (#), n. [L. spiritus asper rough breathing.] (Greek Gram.) The
   rough breathing; a mark (#) placed over an initial vowel sound or over
   h before it; thus hws, pronounced h, hrj'twr, pronounced hr\'be\'b6t.
   
                                     Asper
                                       
   As"per, n. [F. aspre or It. aspro, fr. MGr. A Turkish money of account
   (formerly a coin), of little value; the 120th part of a piaster. 

                                   Asperate

   As"per*ate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Asperated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Asperating.]  [L.  asperatus,  p. p. of asperare, fr. asper rough.] To
   make rough or uneven.

     The asperated part of its surface. Boyle.

                                  Asperation

   As`per*a"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of asperating; a making or becoming
   rough. Bailey.

                                   Asperges

   As*per"ges  (#),  n.  [L.,  Thou  shalt sprinkle.] (R. C. Ch.) (a) The
   service  or  ceremony  of sprinkling with holy water. (b) The brush or
   instrument used in sprinkling holy water; an aspergill.

                            Aspergill, Aspergillum

   As"per*gill  (#),  As`per*gil"lum  (#),  n.  [LL.  aspergillum, fr. L.
   aspergere. See Asperse, v. t.]

   1.  The  brush  used  in the Roman Catholic church for sprinkling holy
   water on the people. [Also written aspergillus.]

   2. (Zo\'94l.) See Wateringpot shell.

                                Aspergilliform

   As`per*gil"li*form  (#),  a.  [Aspergillum + -form.] (Bot.) Resembling
   the aspergillum in form; as, an aspergilliform stigma. Gray.

                         Asperifoliate, Asperifolious

   As`per*i*fo"li*ate  (#),  As`per*i*fo"li*ous (#), a. [L. asper rough +
   folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having rough leaves.

     NOTE: &hand; By  so me ap plied to  th e na tural or der now called
     Boraginace\'91 or borageworts.

                                   Asperity

   As*per"i*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Asperities  (#). [L. asperitas, fr. asper
   rough: cf. F. asp\'82rit\'82.]

   1.  Roughness  of  surface; unevenness; -- opposed to smoothness. "The
   asperities of dry bodies." Boyle.

   2. Roughness or harshness of sound; that quality which grates upon the
   ear; raucity.

   3. Roughness to the taste; sourness; tartness.

   4.  Moral  roughness;  roughness  of  manner;  severity;  crabbedness;
   harshness; -- opposed to mildness. "Asperity of character." Landor.

     It  is no very cynical asperity not to confess obligations where no
     benefit has been received. Johnson.

   5. Sharpness; disagreeableness; difficulty.

     The acclivities and asperities of duty. Barrow.

   Syn.   --  Acrimony;  moroseness;  crabbedness;  harshness;  sourness;
   tartness. See Acrimony.

                                  Aspermatous

   A*sper"ma*tous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Aspermous.

                                   Aspermous

   A*sper"mous, a. [Gr. (Bot.) Destitute of seeds; aspermatous.

                                    Asperne

   A*sperne"  (#),  v. t. [L. aspernari; a (ab) + spernari.] To spurn; to
   despise. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

                                   Asperous

   As"per*ous (#), a. [See Asper, a.] Rough; uneven. Boyle.

                                    Asperse

   As*perse"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Aspersed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Aspersing.]  [L. aspersus, p. p. of aspergere to scatter, sprinkle; ad
   + spargere to strew. See Sparse.]

   1.  To  sprinkle,  as  water  or dust, upon anybody or anything, or to
   besprinkle any one with a liquid or with dust. Heywood.

   2.  To  bespatter with foul reports or false and injurious charges; to
   tarnish in point of reputation or good name; to slander or calumniate;
   as, to asperse a poet or his writings; to asperse a man's character.

     With blackest crimes aspersed. Cowper.

   Syn.  --  To  slander; defame; detract from; calumniate; vilify. -- To
   Asperse,  Defame,  Slander, Calumniate. These words have in common the
   idea  of  falsely  assailing  the  character of another. To asperse is
   figuratively   to   cast  upon  a  character  hitherto  unsullied  the
   imputation  of  blemishes  or  faults  which  render  it  offensive or
   loathsome.  To  defame is to detract from a man's honor and reputation
   by charges calculated to load him with infamy. Slander (etymologically
   the  same  as  scandal) and calumniate, from the Latin, have in common
   the  sense  of  circulating reports to a man's injury from unworthy or
   malicious   motives.   Men   asperse   their  neighbors  by  malignant
   insinuations;  they  defame  by  advancing charges to blacken or sully
   their  fair  fame;  they  slander or calumniate by spreading injurious
   reports  which  are false, or by magnifying slight faults into serious
   errors or crimes.

                                   Aspersed

   As*persed" (#), a.

   1.  (Her.)  Having  an indefinite number of small charges scattered or
   strewed over the surface. Cussans.

   2. Bespattered; slandered; calumniated. Motley.

                                   Asperser

   As*pers"er  (#),  n.  One  who  asperses; especially, one who vilifies
   another.

                                   Aspersion

   As*per"sion (#), n. [L. aspersio, fr. aspergere: cf. F. aspersion.]

   1. A sprinkling, as with water or dust, in a literal sense.

     Behold an immersion, not and aspersion. Jer. Taylor.

   2.  The  spreading  of  calumniations reports or charges which tarnish
   reputation, like the bespattering of a body with foul water; calumny.

     Every  candid  critic would be ashamed to cast wholesale aspersions
     on the entire body of professional teachers. Grote.

     Who would by base aspersions blot thy virtue. Dryden.

                                   Aspersive

   As*pers"ive  (#),  a.  Tending  to asperse; defamatory; slanderous. --
   As*pers"ive*ly, adv.

                                   Aspersoir

   As`per`soir" (#), n. [F.] An aspergill.

                                  Aspersorium

   As`per*so"ri*um (#), n.; pl. Aspplwsoria (#). [LL. See Asperse.]

   1.  The stoup, basin, or other vessel for holy water in Roman Catholic
   churches.

   2. A brush for sprinkling holy water; an aspergill.

                              Asphalt, Asphaltum

   As"phalt (#), As*phal"tum (#), n. [Gr. asphalte.]

   1.  Mineral  pitch,  Jews'  pitch,  or  compact  native bitumen. It is
   brittle,  of  a  black  or brown color and high luster on a surface of
   fracture;  it  melts  and  burns  when  heated, leaving no residue. It
   occurs  on  the surface and shores of the Dead Sea, which is therefore
   called  Asphaltites,  or  the Asphaltic Lake. It is found also in many
   parts of Asia, Europe, and America. See Bitumen.

   2. A composition of bitumen, pitch, lime, and gravel, used for forming
   pavements,  and  as  a  water-proof  cement  for bridges, roofs, etc.;
   asphaltic  cement. Artificial asphalt is prepared from coal tar, lime,
   sand, etc.
   Asphalt  stone,  Asphalt  rock,  a  limestone  found  impregnated with
   asphalt.

                                    Asphalt

   As"phalt,  v.  t.  To  cover  with  asphalt;  as,  to  asphalt a roof;
   asphalted streets.

                                   Asphalte

   As`phalte"  (#),  n. [F. See Asphalt.] Asphaltic mastic or cement. See
   Asphalt, 2.

                                   Asphaltic

   As*phal"tic  (#),  a.  Pertaining to, of the nature of, or containing,
   asphalt; bituminous. "Asphaltic pool." "Asphaltic slime." Milton.

                                  Asphaltite

   As*phal"tite (#), a. Asphaltic.

                                  Asphaltite

   As*phal"tite (#), a. Asphaltic. Bryant.

                                   Asphaltus

   As*phal"tus, n. See Asphalt.

                                   Asphodel

   As"pho*del  (#),  n.  [L.  asphodelus, Gr. Daffodil.] (Bot.) A general
   name  for  a  plant  of  the genus Asphodelus. The asphodels are hardy
   perennial  plants,  several  species  of  which are cultivated for the
   beauty of their flowers.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is also popularly given to species of other
     genera.  The asphodel of the early English and French poets was the
     daffodil.  The  asphodel  of  the Greek poets is supposed to be the
     Narcissus poeticus.

   Dr. Prior.

     Pansies, and violets, and asphodel. Milton.

                                   Asphyctic

   As*phyc"tic (#), a. Pertaining to asphyxia.

                               Asphyxia, Asphyxy

   As*phyx"i*a  (#),  As*phyx"y  (#),  n.  [NL.  asphyxia, fr. Gr. (Med.)
   Apparent  death,  or  suspended animation; the condition which results
   from  interruption  of  respiration, as in suffocation or drowning, or
   the inhalation of irrespirable gases.

                                   Asphyxial

   As*phyx"i*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  relating  to  asphyxia;  as, asphyxial
   phenomena.

                                  Asphyxiate

   As*phyx"i*ate  (#),  v.  t.  To  bring  to  a  state  of  asphyxia; to
   suffocate.

     NOTE: [Used commonly in the past pple.]

                            Asphyxiated, Asphyxied

   As*phyx"i*a`ted  (#),  As*phyx"ied  (#), p. p. In a state of asphyxia;
   suffocated.

                                 Asphyxiation

   As*phyx`i*a"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of  causing asphyxia; a state of
   asphyxia.

                                     Aspic

   As"pic (#), n. [F. See Asp.]

   1. The venomous asp. [Chiefly poetic] Shak. Tennyson.

   2. A piece of ordnance carrying a 12 pound shot. [Obs.]

                                     Aspic

   As"pic,  n.  [F.,  a  corrupt. of spic (OF. espi, F. \'82pi), L. spica
   (spicum,  spicus),  ear,  spike.  See  Spike.]  A  European species of
   lavender (Lavandula spica), which produces a volatile oil. See Spike.

                                     Aspic

   As"pic,  n.  [F.,  prob.  fr.  aspic  an  asp.]  A  savory  meat jelly
   containing  portions  of  fowl,  game,  fish,  hard  boiled eggs, etc.
   Thackeray.

                                Aspidobranchia

   As`pi*do*bran"chi*a  (#),  n.  pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   Gastropoda,  with  limpetlike shells, including the abalone shells and
   keyhole limpets.

                                   Aspirant

   As*pir"ant  (?;  277),  a.  [Cf.  F.  aspirant, p. pr. of aspirer. See
   Aspire.] Aspiring.

                                   Aspirant

   As*pir"ant,  n.  [Cf.  F.  aspirant.] One who aspires; one who eagerly
   seeks some high position or object of attainment.

     In  consequence  of the resignations . . . the way to greatness was
     left clear to a new set of aspirants. Macaulay.

                                   Aspirate

   As"pi*rate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Aspirated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Aspirating (#).] [L. aspiratus, p. p. of aspirare to breathe toward or
   upon,  to  add  the  breathing  h;  ad + spirare to breathe, blow. Cf.
   Aspire.]  To  pronounce  with a breathing, an aspirate, or an h sound;
   as,  we  aspirate  the words horse and house; to aspirate a vowel or a
   liquid consonant.

                                   Aspirate

   As"pi*rate (#), n.

   1. A sound consisting of, or characterized by, a breath like the sound
   of  h;  the  breathing  h or a character representing such a sound; an
   aspirated sound. <-- p. 90 -->

   2.  A  mark  of  aspiration  (#)  used  in  Greek; the asper, or rough
   breathing. Bentley.

   3.  An  elementary  sound  produced  by  the  breath alone; a surd, or
   nonvocal consonant; as, f, th in thin, etc.

                              Aspirate, Aspirated

   As"pi*rate  (#), As"pi*ra"ted (#), a. [L. aspiratus, p. p.] Pronounced
   with the h sound or with audible breath.

     But yet they are not aspirate, i. e., with such an aspiration as h.
     Holder.

                                  Aspiration

   As`pi*ra"tion (#), n. [L. aspiratio, fr. aspirare: cf. F. aspiration.]

   1. The act of aspirating; the pronunciation of a letter with a full or
   strong emission of breath; an aspirated sound.

     If aspiration be defined to be an impetus of breathing. Wilkins.

   2. The act of breathing; a breath; an inspiration.

   3.  The  act  of  aspiring  of  a ardently desiring; strong wish; high
   desire. "Aspirations after virtue." Johnson.

     Vague aspiration after military renown. Prescott.

                                   Aspirator

   As"pi*ra`tor (#), n.

   1.  (Chem.)  An  apparatus  for  passing  air or gases through or over
   certain liquids or solids, or for exhausting a closed vessel, by means
   of suction.

   2.  (Med.)  An  instrument for the evacuation of the fluid contents of
   tumors or collections of blood.

                                  Aspiratory

   As*pir"a*to*ry  (#),  a.  Of or pertaining to breathing; suited to the
   inhaling of air

                                    Aspire

   As*pire"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Aspired (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Aspiring.] [F. aspirer, L. aspirare. See Aspirate, v. t.]

   1.  To  desire  with  eagerness;  to  seek to attain something high or
   great; to pant; to long; -- followed by to or after, and rarely by at;
   as, to aspire to a crown; to aspire after immorality.

     Aspiring  to  be  gods,  if angels fell; Aspiring to be angels, men
     rebel. Pope.

   2. To rise; to ascend; to tower; to soar.

     My own breath still foments the fire, Which flames as high as fancy
     can aspire. Waller.

                                    Aspire

   As*pire",  v.  t. To aspire to; to long for; to try to reach; to mount
   to. [Obs.]

     That gallant spirit hath aspired the clouds. Shak.

                                    Aspire

   As*pire", n. Aspiration. [Obs.] Chapman.

                                  Aspirement

   As*pire"ment (#), n. Aspiration. [Obs.]

                                    Aspirer

   As*pir"er (#), n. One who aspires.

                                   Aspiring

   As*pir"ing,  a.  That aspires; as, an Aspiring mind. -- As*pir"ing*ly,
   adv. -- As*pir"ing*ness, n.

                                    Aspish

   Asp"ish (#), a. Pertaining to, or like, an asp.

                                  Asportation

   As`por*ta"tion  (#),  n.  [L. asportatio, fr. asportare to carry away;
   abs  =  ab  +  portare to bear, carry.] (Law) The felonious removal of
   goods from the place where they were deposited.

     NOTE: &hand; It is adjudged to be larceny, though the goods are not
     carried from the house or apartment.

   Blackstone.

                                    Asprawl

   A*sprawl" (#), adv. & a. Sprawling.

                                    Asquat

   A*squat" (#), adv. & a. Squatting.

                                    Asquint

   A*squint" (#), adv. [Cf. Askant, Squint.] With the eye directed to one
   side;  not  in  the straight line of vision; obliquely; awry, so as to
   see distortedly; as, to look asquint.

                                      Ass

   Ass (#), n. [OE. asse, AS. assa; akin to Icel. asni, W. asen, asyn, L.
   asinus,  dim. aselus, Gr. esol, OHG. esil, G. esel, Goth. asilus, Dan.
   \'91sel,  Lith.  asilas, Bohem. osel, Pol. osiel. The word is prob. of
   Semitic origin; cf. Heb. ath she ass. Cf. Ease.]

   1. (Zo\'94l.) A quadruped of the genus Equus (E. asinus), smaller than
   the  horse, and having a peculiarly harsh bray and long ears. The tame
   or  domestic ass is patient, slow, and sure-footed, and has become the
   type  of  obstinacy  and  stupidity. There are several species of wild
   asses which are swift-footed.

   2. A dull, heavy, stupid fellow; a dolt. Shak.
   Asses'  Bridge. [L. pons asinorum.] The fifth proposition of the first
   book  of  Euclid, "The angles at the base of an isosceles triangle are
   equal  to  one  another."  [Sportive] "A schoolboy, stammering out his
   Asses' Bridge." F. Harrison. -- To make an ass of one's self, to do or
   say something very foolish or absurd.

                                 Assaf&oe;tida

   As`sa*f&oe;t"i*da (#), n. Same as Asafetida.

                               Assagai, Assegai

   As"sa*gai  (#),  As"se*gai  (#),  n.  [Pg. azagaia, Sp. azagaya, fr. a
   Berber  word. Cf. Lancegay.] A spear used by tribes in South Africa as
   a missile and for stabbing, a kind of light javelin.

                                     Assai

   As*sa"i  (#).  [It.,  fr.  L. ad + satis enough. See Assets.] (Mus.) A
   direction equivalent to very; as, adagio assai, very slow.

                                    Assail

   As*sail"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Assailed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Assailing.]  [OE.  assailen,  asailen,  OF.  asaillir,  assailler,  F.
   assaillir;  (L.  ad) + saillir to burst out, project, fr. L. salire to
   leap, spring; cf. L. assilire to leap or spring upon. See Sally.]

   1.  To  attack  with violence, or in a vehement and hostile manner; to
   assault;  to  molest; as, to assail a man with blows; to assail a city
   with artillery.

     No rude noise mine ears assailing. Cowper.

     No storm can now assail The charm he wears within. Keble.

   2.  To  encounter  or meet purposely with the view of mastering, as an
   obstacle, difficulty, or the like.

     The thorny wilds the woodmen fierce assail. Pope.

   3.  To  attack  morally,  or  with  a  view  to produce changes in the
   feelings, character, conduct, existing usages, institutions; to attack
   by  words,  hostile  influence,  etc.; as, to assail one with appeals,
   arguments, abuse, ridicule, and the like.

     The papal authority . . . assailed. Hallam.

     They assailed him with keen invective; they assailed him with still
     keener irony. Macaulay.

   Syn. -- To attack; assault; invade; encounter; fall upon. See Attack.

                                  Assailable

   As*sail"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being assailed.

                                   Assailant

   As*sail"ant  (#),  a. [F. assaillant, p. pr. of assaillir.] Assailing;
   attacking. Milton.

                                   Assailant

   As*sail"ant,  n.  [F.  assaillant.]  One  who, or that which, assails,
   attacks, or assaults; an assailer.

     An assailant of the church. Macaulay.

                                   Assailer

   As*sail"er (#), n. One who assails.

                                  Assailment

   As*sail"ment  (#),  n. The act or power of assailing; attack; assault.
   [R.]

     His most frequent assailment was the headache. Johnson.

                                    Assamar

   As"sa*mar  (#),  n. [L. assare to roast + amarus, bitter.] (Chem.) The
   peculiar  bitter  substance,  soft  or  liquid, and of a yellow color,
   produced  when  meat,  bread,  gum,  sugar,  starch, and the like, are
   roasted till they turn brown.

                                   Assamese

   As`sam*ese"  (#),  a. Of or pertaining to Assam, a province of British
   India, or to its inhabitants. -- n. sing. & pl. A native or natives of
   Assam.

                              Assapan, Assapanic

   As`sa*pan"  (#),  As`sa*pan"ic (#), n. [Prob. Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.)
   The American flying squirrel (Pteromys volucella).

                                    Assart

   As*sart",  n.  [OF.  essart  the grubbing up of trees, fr. essarter to
   grub  up  or  clear  ground  of  bushes,  shrubs, trees, etc., fr. LL.
   exartum,  exartare,  for exsaritare; L. ex + sarire, sarrire, saritum,
   to hoe, weed.]

   1.  (Old  Law) The act or offense of grubbing up trees and bushes, and
   thus destroying the tickets or coverts of a forest. Spelman. Cowell.

   2.  A  piece  of  land  cleared  of  trees  and bushes, and fitted for
   cultivation; a clearing. Ash.
   Assart land, forest land cleared of woods and brush.

                                    Assart

   As*sart", v. t. To grub up, as trees; to commit an assart upon; as, to
   assart land or trees. Ashmole.

                                   Assassin

   As*sas"sin  (#), n. [F. (cf. It. assassino), fr. Ar. one who has drunk
   of  the  hashish.  Under  its  influence  the  Assassins  of the East,
   followers  of the Shaikh al-Jabal (Old Man of the Mountain), were said
   to  commit  the  murders  required  by their chief.] One who kills, or
   attempts to kill, by surprise or secret assault; one who treacherously
   murders any one unprepared for defense.

                                   Assassin

   As*sas"sin, v. t. To assassinate. [Obs.] Stillingfleet.

                                  Assassinate

   As*sas"sin*ate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assassinated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n. Assassinating (#).] [LL. assassinatus, p. p. of assassinare.]

   1.  To  kill  by  surprise or secret assault; to murder by treacherous
   violence.

     Help,  neighbors,  my  house  is  broken  open  by  force, and I am
     ravished, and like to be assassinated. Dryden.

   2.  To  assail  with  murderous intent; hence, by extended meaning, to
   maltreat exceedingly. [Archaic]

     Your rhymes assassinate our fame. Dryden.

     Such  usage  as  your  honorable  lords Afford me, assassinated and
     betrayed. Milton.

   Syn. -- To kill; murder; slay. See Kill.

                                  Assassinate

   As*sas"sin*ate (#), n. [F. assassinat.]

   1. An assassination, murder, or murderous assault. [Obs.]

     If I had made an assassinate upon your father. B. Jonson.

   2. An assassin. [Obs.] Dryden.

                                 Assassination

   As*sas`si*na"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of  assassinating; a killing by
   treacherous violence.

                                 Assassinator

   As*sas"si*na`tor (#), n. An assassin.

                                  Assassinous

   As*sas"sin*ous (#), a. Murderous. Milton.

                                   Assastion

   As*sas"tion  (#),  n.  [F.,  fr. LL. assatio, fr. L. assare to roast.]
   Roasting. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                    Assault

   As*sault"  (#),  n.  [OE. asaut, assaut, OF. assaut, asalt, F. assaut,
   LL.  assaltus;  L. ad + saltus a leaping, a springing, salire to leap.
   See Assail.]

   1.  A  violent onset or attack with physical means, as blows, weapons,
   etc.;  an  onslaught; the rush or charge of an attacking force; onset;
   as, to make assault upon a man, a house, or a town.

     The Spanish general prepared to renew the assault. Prescott.

     Unshaken  bears  the  assault Of their most dreaded foe, the strong
     southwest. Wordsworth.

   2.  A violent onset or attack with moral weapons, as words, arguments,
   appeals, and the like; as, to make an assault on the prerogatives of a
   prince, or on the constitution of a government. Clarendon.

   3. (Law) An apparently violent attempt, or willful offer with force or
   violence,  to do hurt to another; an attempt or offer to beat another,
   accompanied  by a degree of violence, but without touching his person,
   as  by  lifting  the  fist,  or a cane, in a threatening manner, or by
   striking  at  him, and missing him. If the blow aimed takes effect, it
   is a battery. Blackstone. Wharton.

     Practically,  however,  the  word  assault  is  used to include the
     battery. Mozley & W.

   Syn.  --  Attack;  invasion;  incursion;  descent;  onset;  onslaught;
   charge; storm.

                                    Assault

   As*sault", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assaulted; p. pr. & vb. n. Assaulting.]
   [From Assault, n.: cf. OF. assaulter, LL. assaltare.]

   1.  To  make  an  assault  upon,  as by a sudden rush of armed men; to
   attack with unlawful or insulting physical violence or menaces.

     Insnared, assaulted, overcome, led bound. Milton.

   2.  To  attack  with  moral  means,  or with a view of producing moral
   effects;  to  attack  by  words, arguments, or unfriendly measures; to
   assail; as, to assault a reputation or an administration.

     Before  the  gates,  the  cries of babes newborn, . . . Assault his
     ears. Dryden.

     NOTE: &hand; In the latter sense, assail is more common.

   Syn.  --  To  attack;  assail;  invade;  encounter; storm; charge. See
   Attack.

                                  Assaultable

   As*sault"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being assaulted.

                                   Assaulter

   As*sault"er  (#),  n.  One  who  assaults,  or  violently  attacks; an
   assailant. E. Hall.

                                     Assay

   As*say" (#), n. [OF. asai, essai, trial, F. essa. See Essay, n.]

   1. Trial; attempt; essay. [Obs.] Chaucer.

     I am withal persuaded that it may prove much more easy in the assay
     than it now seems at distance. Milton.

   2. Examination and determination; test; as, an assay of bread or wine.
   [Obs.]

     This can not be, by no assay of reason. Shak.

   3.  Trial by danger or by affliction; adventure; risk; hardship; state
   of being tried. [Obs.]

     Through many hard assays which did betide. Spenser.

   4. Tested purity or value. [Obs.]

     With gold and pearl of rich assay. Spenser.

   5. (Metallurgy) The act or process of ascertaining the proportion of a
   particular  metal in an ore or alloy; especially, the determination of
   the proportion of gold or silver in bullion or coin.

   6.  The  alloy  or  metal  to  be  assayed.  Ure.  Assay and essay are
   radically  the  same  word;  but  modern  usage has appropriated assay
   chiefly  to  experiments  in metallurgy, and essay to intellectual and
   bodily efforts. See Essay.]

     NOTE: &hand; As say is  us ed adjectively or as the first part of a
     compound; as, assay balance, assay furnace.

   Assay  master,  an  officer who assays or tests gold or silver coin or
   bullion. -- Assay ton, a weight of 29.166\'a6 grams.

                                     Assay

   As*say",  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Assayed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Assaying.]
   [OF. asaier, essaier, F. essayer, fr. essai. See Assay, n., Essay, v.]

   1. To try; to attempt; to apply. [Obs. or Archaic]

     To-night let us assay our plot. Shak.

     Soft words to his fierce passion she assayed. Milton.

   2. To affect. [Obs.]

     When the heart is ill assayed. Spenser.

   3. To try tasting, as food or drink. [Obs.]

   4.  To  subject,  as  an  ore,  alloy,  or other metallic compound, to
   chemical  or  metallurgical  examination,  in  order  to determine the
   amount  of  a  particular  metal  contained in it, or to ascertain its
   composition.

                                     Assay

   As*say",  v.  i. To attempt, try, or endeavor. [Archaic. In this sense
   essay is now commonly used.]

     She thrice assayed to speak. Dryden.

                                   Assayable

   As*say"a*ble (#), a. That may be assayed.

                                    Assayer

   As*say"er,  n. One who assays. Specifically: One who examines metallic
   ores  or  compounds,  for the purpose of determining the amount of any
   particular metal in the same, especially of gold or silver.

                                   Assaying

   As*say"ing,  n.  The  act  or process of testing, esp. of analyzing or
   examining metals and ores, to determine the proportion of pure metal.

                                     Asse

   Asse  (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small foxlike animal (Vulpes cama) of South
   Africa, valued for its fur.

                                 Assecuration

   As`se*cu*ra"tion (#), n. [LL. assecuratio, fr. assecurare.] Assurance;
   certainty. [Obs.]

                                   Assecure

   As`se*cure"  (#),  v.  t.  [LL.  assecurare.] To make sure or safe; to
   assure. [Obs.] Hooker.

                                  Assecution

   As`se*cu"tion  (#), n. [F. ass\'82cution, fr. L. assequi to obtain; ad
   + sequi to follow.] An obtaining or acquiring. [Obs.] Ayliffe.

                                    Assegai

   As"se*gai (#), n. Same as Assagai.

                                  Assemblage

   As*sem"blage, n. [Cf. F. assemblage. See Assemble.]

   1. The act of assembling, or the state o

     In sweet assemblage every blooming grace. Fenton.

   2.  A  collection  of individuals, or of individuals, or of particular
   things;  as,  a  political assemblage; an assemblage of ideas. Syn. --
   Company; group; collection; concourse; gathering; meeting; convention.
   Assemblage,  Assembly.  An  assembly  consists  only  of  persons;  an
   assemblage  may  be  composed  of  things  as  well as persons, as, an
   assemblage  of  incoherent objects. Nor is every assemblage of persons
   an  assembly;  since  the latter term denotes a body who have met, and
   are  acting,  in  concert  for  some  common  end, such as to hear, to
   deliberate,  to unite in music, dancing, etc. An assemblage of skaters
   on  a  lake, or of horse jockeys at a race course, is not an assembly,
   but  might be turned into one by collecting into a body with a view to
   discuss and decide as to some object of common interest.

                                  Assemblance

   As*sem"blance, n. [Cf. OF. assemblance.]

   1. Resemblance; likeness; appearance. [Obs.]

     Care  I  for  the . . . stature, bulk, and big assemblance of a man
     Shak.

   2. An assembling; assemblage. [Obs.]

     To weete [know] the cause of their assemblance. Spenser.

                                   Assemble

   As*sem"ble  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Assembled (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Assembling  (#).]  [F. assembler, fr. LL. assimulare to bring together
   to  collect;  L.  ad + simul together; akin to similis like, Gr. same.
   Cf.  Assimilate, Same.] To collect into one place or body; to bring or
   call together; to convene; to congregate.

     Thither he assembled all his train. Milton.

     All the men of Israel assembled themselves. 1 Kings viii. 2.

                                   Assemble

   As*sem"ble,   v.  i.  To  meet  or  come  together,  as  a  number  of
   individuals; to convene; to congregate. Dryden.

     The Parliament assembled in November. W. Massey.

                                   Assemble

   As*sem"ble, v. i. To liken; to compare. [Obs.]

     Bribes may be assembled to pitch. Latimer.

                                   Assembler

   As*sem"bler  (#),  n. One who assembles a number of individuals; also,
   one of a number assembled.

                                   Assembly

   As*sem"bly   (#),  n.;  pl.  Assemblies  (#).  [F.  assembl\'82e,  fr.
   assembler. See Assemble.]

   1.  A  company of persons collected together in one place, and usually
   for  some  common  purpose, esp. for deliberation and legislation, for
   worship, or for social entertainment.

   2. A collection of inanimate objects. [Obs.] Howell.

   3.  (Mil.)  A  beat  of  the drum or sound of the bugle as a signal to
   troops to assemble.

     NOTE: &hand; In  some of the United States, the legislature, or the
     popular  branch  of  it,  is  called  the  Assembly, or the General
     Assembly.  In  the Presbyterian Church, the General Assembly is the
     highest  ecclesiastical  tribunal, composed of ministers and ruling
     elders  delegated from each presbytery; as, the General Assembly of
     the Presbyterian Church in the United States, or of Scotland.

   <--  p.  91  -->  Assembly  room,  a  room  in which persons assemble,
   especially for dancing. -- Unlawful assembly (Law), a meeting of three
   or  more  persons  on  a  common  plan,  in  such  a way as to cause a
   reasonable apprehension that they will disturb the peace tumultuously.
   -- Westminster Assembly, a convocation, consisting chiefly of divines,
   which,  by  act of Parliament, assembled July 1, 1643, and remained in
   session  some  years. It framed the "Confession of Faith," the "Larger
   Catechism,"  and  the "Shorter Catechism," which are still received as
   authority   by   Presbyterians,  and  are  substantially  accepted  by
   Congregationalists. Syn. -- See Assemblage.

                                  Assemblyman

   As*sem"bly*man  (#), n.; pl. Assemblymen (#). A member of an assembly,
   especially of the lower branch of a state legislature.

                                    Assent

   As*sent",  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Assented; p. pr. & vb. n. Assenting.]
   [F.  assentir,  L.  assentire, assentiri; ad + sentire to feel, think.
   See  Sense.]  To  admit  a  thing as true; to express one's agreement,
   acquiescence, concurrence, or concession.

     Who  informed the governor . . . And the Jews also assented, saying
     that these things were so. Acts xxiv. 9.

     The princess assented to all that was suggested. Macaulay.

   Syn. -- To yield; agree; acquiesce; concede; concur.

                                    Assent

   As*sent" (#), n. [OE. assent, fr. assentir. See Assent, v.] The act of
   assenting;  the  act of the mind in admitting or agreeing to anything;
   concurrence with approval; consent; agreement; acquiescence.

     Faith  is  the  assent  to  any  proposition,  on the credit of the
     proposer. Locke.

     The assent, if not the approbation, of the prince. Prescott.

     Too  many  people  read  this  ribaldry with assent and admiration.
     Macaulay.

   Royal  assent, in England, the assent of the sovereign to a bill which
   has passed both houses of Parliament, after which it becomes law. Syn.
   --  Concurrence;  acquiescence;  approval; accord. -- Assent, Consent.
   Assent  is  an  act  of  the  understanding,  consent  of  the will or
   feelings.  We assent to the views of others when our minds come to the
   same  conclusion with theirs as to what is true, right, or admissible.
   We  consent  when  there  is such a concurrence of our will with their
   desires  and  wishes that we decide to comply with their requests. The
   king  of  England  gives  his  assent,  not  his  consent,  to acts of
   Parliament,  because,  in  theory  at  least,  he  is  not governed by
   personal  feelings  or choice, but by a deliberate, judgment as to the
   common  good.  We  also  use  assent in cases where a proposal is made
   which  involves but little interest or feeling. A lady may assent to a
   gentleman's  opening the window; but if he offers himself in marriage,
   he must wait for her consent.

                                  Assentation

   As`sen*ta"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  assentatio.  See Assent, v.] Insincere,
   flattering,   or   obsequious   assent;   hypocritical   or  pretended
   concurrence.

     Abject  flattery  and indiscriminate assentation degrade as much as
     indiscriminate   contradiction   and   noisy  debate  disgust.  Ld.
     Chesterfield.

                                  Assentator

   As`sen*ta"tor,  n.  [L.,  fr.  assentari  to  assent  constantly.]  An
   obsequious; a flatterer. [R.]

                                  Assentatory

   As*sent"a*to*ry    (#),   a.   Flattering;   obsequious.   [Obs.]   --
   As*sent"a*to*ri*ly, adv. [Obs.]

                                   Assenter

   As*sent"er (#), n. One who assents.

                                  Assentient

   As*sen"tient, a. Assenting.

                                   Assenting

   As*sent"ing (#), a. Giving or implying assent. -- As*sent"ing*ly, adv.

                                   Assentive

   As*sent"ive (#), a. Giving assent; of the nature of assent; complying.
   -- As*sent"ive*ness, n.

                                  Assentment

   As*sent"ment, n. Assent; agreement. [Obs.]

                                    Assert

   As*sert"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Asserted;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Asserting.] [L. assertus, p. p. of asserere to join or fasten to one's
   self,  claim,  maintain;  ad  +  serere  to join or bind together. See
   Series.]

   1.  To  affirm; to declare with assurance, or plainly and strongly; to
   state positively; to aver; to asseverate.

     Nothing  is  more shameful . . . than to assert anything to be done
     without a cause. Ray.

   2. To maintain; to defend. [Obs. or Archaic]

     That . . . I may assert Eternal Providence, And justify the ways of
     God to men. Milton.

     I will assert it from the scandal. Jer. Taylor.

   3. To maintain or defend, as a cause or a claim, by words or measures;
   to  vindicate  a  claim  or  title  to;  as,  to assert our rights and
   liberties.
   To  assert one's self, to claim or vindicate one's rights or position;
   to  demand recognition. Syn. -- To affirm; aver; asseverate; maintain;
   protest;   pronounce;   declare;  vindicate.  --  To  Assert,  Affirm,
   Maintain,  Vindicate.  To assert is to fasten to one's self, and hence
   to  claim.  It is, therefore, adversative in its nature. We assert our
   rights  and  privileges, or the cause of tree institutions, as against
   opposition  or  denial.  To  affirm  is  to declare as true. We assert
   boldly;  we  affirm  positively.  To maintain is to uphold, and insist
   upon with earnestness, whatever we have once asserted; as, to maintain
   one's  cause,  to maintain an argument, to maintain the ground we have
   taken.  To  vindicate is to use language and measures of the strongest
   kind,  in  defense of ourselves and those for whom we act. We maintain
   our  assertions  by adducing proofs, facts, or arguments; we are ready
   to  vindicate  our  rights  or interests by the utmost exertion of our
   powers.

                                   Asserter

   As*sert"er  (#),  n.  One  who asserts; one who avers pr maintains; an
   assertor.

     The inflexible asserter of the rights of the church. Milman.

                                   Assertion

   As*ser"tion (#), n. [L. assertio, fr. asserere.]

   1.  The  act  of  asserting,  or  that  which  is  asserted;  positive
   declaration  or  averment;  affirmation;  statement asserted; position
   advanced.

     There   is   a  difference  between  assertion  and  demonstration.
     Macaulay.

   2.  Maintenance;  vindication;  as,  the  assertion of one's rights or
   prerogatives.

                                   Assertive

   As*sert"ive  (#),  a.  Positive;  affirming  confidently; affirmative;
   peremptory.

     In a confident and assertive form. Glanvill.

   As*sert"ive*ly, adv. -- As*sert"ive*ness, n.

                                   Assertor

   As*sert"or  (#),  n. [L., fr. asserere.] One who asserts or avers; one
   who  maintains  or  vindicates  a  claim  or  a  right;  an  affirmer,
   supporter, or vindicator; a defender; an asserter.

     The assertors of liberty said not a word. Macaulay.

     Faithful assertor of thy country's cause. Prior.

                                  Assertorial

   As`ser*to"ri*al  (#),  a.  Asserting  that  a  thing is; -- opposed to
   problematical and apodeictical.

                                   Assertory

   As*sert"o*ry  (#),  a.  [L.  assertorius,  fr.  asserere.]  Affirming;
   maintaining.

     Arguments . . . assertory, not probatory. Jer. Taylor.

     An assertory, not a promissory, declaration. Bentham.

     A  proposition  is  assertory,  when  it  enounces what is known as
     actual. Sir W. Hamilton.

                                    Assess

   As*sess"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Assessed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Assessing.]  [OF. assesser to regulate, settle, LL. assessare to value
   for  taxation, fr. L. assidere, supine as if assessum, to sit by, esp.
   of judges in a court, in LL. to assess, tax. Cf. Assize, v., Cess.]

   1.  To  value;  to  make  a  valuation or official estimate of for the
   purpose of taxation.

   2.  To  apportion  a  sum  to be paid by (a person, a community, or an
   estate),  in  the nature of a tax, fine, etc.; to impose a tax upon (a
   person, an estate, or an income) according to a rate or apportionment.

   3.  To  determine  and impose a tax or fine upon (a person, community,
   estate,  or  income);  to  tax;  as,  the  club  assessed  each member
   twenty-five cents.

   4. To fix or determine the rate or amount of.

     This  sum  is assessed and raised upon individuals by commissioners
     in the act. Blackstone.

                                  Assessable

   As*sess"a*ble  (#),  a. Liable to be assessed or taxed; as, assessable
   property.

                                   Assessee

   As`sess*ee" (#), n. One who is assessed.

                                   Assession

   As*ses"sion  (#),  n.  [L. assessio, fr. assid to sit by or near; ad +
   sed to sit. See Sit.] A sitting beside or near.

                                  Assessment

   As*sess"ment (#), n. [LL. assessamentum.]

   1.  The act of assessing; the act of determining an amount to be paid;
   as,  an  assessment  of  damages,  or  of  taxes; an assessment of the
   members of a club.

   2.  A valuation of property or profits of business, for the purpose of
   taxation;  such  valuation  and  an  adjudging of the proper sum to be
   levied on the property; as, an assessment of property or an assessment
   on property.

     NOTE: &hand; An  as sessment is  a  va luation ma de by  authorized
     persons  according to their discretion, as opposed to a sum certain
     or  determined  by  law. It is a valuation of the property of those
     who  are  to  pay the tax, for the purpose of fixing the proportion
     which each man shall pay.

   Blackstone. Burrill.

   3. The specific sum levied or assessed.

   4.  An  apportionment  of  a  subscription  for  stock into successive
   installments;  also,  one  of  these installments (in England termed a
   "call"). [U. S.]

                                   Assessor

   As*sess"or, n. [L., one who sits beside, the assistant of a judge, fr.
   assid.  See  Assession. LL., one who arranges of determines the taxes,
   fr. assid. See Assess, v., and cf. Cessor.]

   1.  One  appointed or elected to assist a judge or magistrate with his
   special  knowledge  of  the subject to be decided; as legal assessors,
   nautical assessors. Mozley & W.

   2. One who sits by another, as next in dignity, or as an assistant and
   adviser; an associate in office.

     Whence  to  his  Son,  The  assessor  of his throne, he thus began.
     Milton.

     With  his  ignorance,  his  inclinations,  and  his  fancy,  as his
     assessors in judgment. I. Taylor.

   3.  One  appointed  to  assess  persons or property for the purpose of
   taxation. Bouvier.

                                  Assessorial

   As`ses*so"ri*al  (#),  a. [Cf. F. assessorial, fr. L. assessor.] Of or
   pertaining to an assessor, or to a court of assessors. Coxe.

                                 Assessorship

   As*sess"or*ship (#), n. The office or function of an assessor.

                                     Asset

   As"set (#), n. Any article or separable part of one's assets.

                                    Assets

   As"sets  (#),  n.  pl.  [OF. asez enough, F. assez, fr. L. ad + satis,
   akin to Gr. saps full. Cf. Assai, Satisfy.]

   1.  (Law)  (a)  Property  of  a deceased person, subject by law to the
   payment of his debts and legacies; -- called assets because sufficient
   to  render  the  executor or administrator liable to the creditors and
   legatees,   so  far  as  such  goods  or  estate  may  extend.  Story.
   Blackstone. (b) Effects of an insolvent debtor or bankrupt, applicable
   to the payment of debts.

   2.  The  entire  property  of  all  sorts,  belonging  to  a person, a
   corporation,  or  an estate; as, the assets of a merchant or a trading
   association; -- opposed to liabilities.

     NOTE: &hand; In  ba lancing ac counts the assets are put on the Cr.
     side and the debts on the Dr. side.

                                    Assever

   As*sev"er  (#),  v.  t.  [Cf.  OF.  asseverer, fr. L. asseverare.] See
   Asseverate. [Archaic]

                                  Asseverate

   As*sev"er*ate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Asseverated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Asseverating  (#).] [L. asseveratus, p. p. of asseverare to assert
   seriously  or  earnestly; ad + severus. See Severe.] To affirm or aver
   positively,  or  with  solemnity.  Syn.  --  To affirm; aver; protest;
   declare. See Affirm.

                                 Asseveration

   As*sev`er*a"tion (#), n. [L. asseveratio.] The act of asseverating, or
   that  which  is asseverated; positive affirmation or assertion; solemn
   declaration.

     Another  abuse of the tongue I might add, -- vehement asseverations
     upon slight and trivial occasions. Ray.

                                 Asseverative

   As*sev"er*a*tive,   a.   Characterized   by   asseveration;  asserting
   positively.

                                 Asseveratory

   As*sev"er*a*to*ry, a. Asseverative.

                                  Assibilate

   As*sib"i*late, v. t. [L. assibilatus, p. p. of assibilare to hiss out;
   ad  + sibilare to hiss.] To make sibilant; to change to a sibilant. J.
   Peile.

                                 Assibilation

   As*sib`i*la"tion, n. Change of a non-sibilant letter to a sibilant, as
   of -tion to -shun, duke to ditch.

                                   Assidean

   As`si*de"an, n. [Heb. kh\'besad to be pious.] One of a body of devoted
   Jews who opposed the Hellenistic Jews, and supported the Asmoneans.

                                   Assident

   As"si*dent  (#),  a.  [L.  assidens, p. pr. of assid to sit by: cf. F.
   assident.  See Assession.] (Med.) Usually attending a disease, but not
   always; as, assident signs, or symptoms.

                                   Assiduate

   As*sid"u*ate  (#),  a.  [L.  assiduatus,  p.  p.  of  assiduare to use
   assiduously.]   Unremitting;   assiduous.  [Obs.]  "Assiduate  labor."
   Fabyan.

                                   Assiduity

   As`si*du"i*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Assiduities (#). [L. assiduitas: cf. F.
   assiduite. See Assiduous.]

   1.  Constant  or  close application or attention, particularly to some
   business or enterprise; diligence.

     I  have,  with  much  pains  and  assiduity, qualified myself for a
     nomenclator. Addison.

   2.  Studied  and  persevering attention to a person; -- usually in the
   plural.

                                   Assiduous

   As*sid"u*ous  (#), a. [L. assiduus, fr. assid to sit near or close; ad
   + sed to sit. See Sit.]

   1.   Constant   in   application  or  attention;  devoted;  attentive;
   unremitting.

     She grows more assiduous in her attendance. Addison.

   2.  Performed  with  constant  diligence  or  attention;  unremitting;
   persistent; as, assiduous labor.

     To weary him with my assiduous cries. Milton.

   Syn.  --  Diligent;  attentive;  sedulous;  unwearied;  unintermitted;
   persevering;   laborious;   indefatigable.  As*sid"u*ous*ly,  adv.  --
   As*sid"u*ous*ness, n.

                                    Assiege

   As*siege" (#), v. t. [OE. asegen, OF. asegier, F. assi\'82ger, fr. LL.
   assediare,  assidiare,  to  besiege.  See  Siege.]  To besiege. [Obs.]
   "Assieged castles." Spenser.

                                    Assiege

   As*siege", n. A siege. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Assientist

   As`si*en"tist,  n.  [Cf. F. assientiste, Sp. asentista.] A shareholder
   of  the Assiento company; one of the parties to the Assiento contract.
   Bancroft.

                                   Assiento

   As`si*en"to  (#),  n.  [Sp.  asiento  seat, contract or agreement, fr.
   asentar  to  place  on a chair, to adjust, to make an agreement; a (L.
   ad)  +  sentar, a participial verb; as if there were a L. sedentare to
   cause  to sit, fr. sedens, sedentis, p. pr. of sed to sit.] A contract
   or  convention  between  Spain  and  other powers for furnishing negro
   slaves  for  the  Spanish dominions in America, esp. the contract made
   with Great Britain in 1713.

                                    Assign

   As*sign"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Assigned (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Assigning.]  [OE. assignen, asignen, F. assigner, fr. L. assignare; ad
   + signare to mark, mark out, designate, signum mark, sign. See Sign.]

   1. To appoint; to allot; to apportion; to make over.

     In the order I assign to them. Loudon.

     The  man  who  could  feel thus was worthy of a better station than
     that in which his lot had been assigned. Southey.

     He assigned to his men their several posts. Prescott.

   2. To fix, specify, select, or designate; to point out authoritatively
   or  exactly;  as, to assign a limit; to assign counsel for a prisoner;
   to assign a day for trial.

     All as the dwarf the way to her assigned. Spenser.

     It is not easy to assign a period more eventful. De Quincey.

   3.  (Law)  To  transfer, or make over to another, esp. to transfer to,
   and  vest  in,  certain  persons, called assignees, for the benefit of
   creditors.
   To  assign  dower, to set out by metes and bounds the widow's share or
   portion in an estate. Kent.

                                    Assign

   As*sign",  n.  [From  Assign,  v.]  A thing pertaining or belonging to
   something else; an appurtenance. [Obs.]

     Six  French  rapiers  and poniards, with their assigns, as girdles,
     hangers, and so. Shak.

                                    Assign

   As*sign",  n.  [See  Assignee.]  (Law) A person to whom property or an
   interest  is  transferred;  as,  a  deed  to  a  man and his heirs and
   assigns.

                                 Assignability

   As*sign`a*bil"i*ty (#), n. The quality of being assignable.

                                  Assignable

   As*sign"a*ble  (#), a. Capable of being assigned, allotted, specified,
   or  designated;  as, an assignable note or bill; an assignable reason;
   an assignable quantity.

                                   Assignat

   As`si`gnat"  (?;  277),  n.  [F. assignat, fr. L. assignatus, p. p. of
   assignare.]  One  of the notes, bills, or bonds, issued as currency by
   the  revolutionary  government of France (1790-1796), and based on the
   security  of  the  lands  of  the  church and of nobles which had been
   appropriated by the state.

                                  Assignation

   As`sig*na"tion   (#),   n.  [L.  assignatio,  fr.  assignare:  cf.  F.
   assignation.]

   1. The act of assigning or allotting; apportionment.

     This  order  being taken in the senate, as touching the appointment
     and assignation of those provinces. Holland.

   2.  An appointment of time and place for meeting or interview; -- used
   chiefly of love interviews, and now commonly in a bad sense.

     While nymphs take treats, or assignations give. Pope.

   3. A making over by transfer of title; assignment.
   House  of  assignation,  a  house  in  which  appointments  for sexual
   intercourse are fulfilled.

                                   Assignee

   As`sign*ee", n. [F. assign\'82, p. p. of assigner. See Assign, v., and
   cf.  Assign  an assignee.] (Law) (a) A person to whom an assignment is
   made; a person appointed or deputed by another to do some act, perform
   some  business,  or  enjoy  some right, privilege, or property; as, an
   assignee  of  a  bankrupt.  See  Assignment (c). An assignee may be by
   special  appointment  or  deed,  or be created by jaw; as an executor.
   Cowell.  Blount.  (b)  pl.  In England, the persons appointed, under a
   commission  of  bankruptcy, to manage the estate of a bankrupt for the
   benefit of his creditors. <-- p. 92 -->

                                   Assigner

   As*sign"er (#), n. One who assigns, appoints, allots, or apportions.

                                  Assignment

   As*sign"ment (#), n. [LL. assignamentum: cf. OF. assenement.]

   1.  An  allotting  or an appointment to a particular person or use; or
   for a particular time, as of a cause or causes in court.

   2.  (Law) (a) A transfer of title or interest by writing, as of lease,
   bond,  note,  or  bill  of  exchange;  a transfer of the whole of some
   particular  estate  or  interest in lands. (b) The writing by which an
   interest  is  transferred.  (c)  The  transfer  of  the  property of a
   bankrupt to certain persons called assignees, in whom it is vested for
   the benefit of creditors.
   Assignment  of  dower,  the  setting  out  by  metes and bounds of the
   widow's  thirds  or  portion  in  the  deceased  husband's estate, and
   allotting it to her.

     NOTE: &hand; As signment is  al so us ed in law as convertible with
     specification;  assignment of error in proceedings for review being
     specification  of  error;  and  assignment  of  perjury or fraud in
     indictment being specifications of perjury or fraud.

                                   Assignor

   As`sign*or"  (#), n. [L. assignator. Cf. Assigner.] (Law) An assigner;
   a  person  who assigns or transfers an interest; as, the assignor of a
   debt or other chose in action.

                                Assimilability

   As*sim`i*la*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  The quality of being assimilable. [R.]
   Coleridge.

                                  Assimilable

   As*sim"i*la*ble  (#), a. That may be assimilated; that may be likened,
   or appropriated and incorporated.

                                  Assimilate

   As*sim"i*late  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assimilated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Assimilating  (#).]  [L.  assimilatus,  p.  p. of assimilare; ad +
   similare   to   make   like,  similis  like.  See  Similar,  Assemble,
   Assimilate.]

   1.  To  bring  to  a likeness or to conformity; to cause a resemblance
   between. Sir M. Hale.

     To assimilate our law to the law of Scotland. John Bright.

     Fast  falls  a  fleecy;  the  downy  flakes Assimilate all objects.
     Cowper.

   2. To liken; to compa [R.]

   3.  To  appropriate and transform or incorporate into the substance of
   the  assimilating  body; to absorb or appropriate, as nourishment; as,
   food is assimilated and converted into organic tissue.

     Hence also animals and vegetables may assimilate their nourishment.
     Sir I. Newton.

     His mind had no power to assimilate the lessons. Merivale.

                                  Assimilate

   As*sim"i*late, v. i.

   1. To become similar or like something else. [R.]

   2.  To  change  and appropriate nourishment so as to make it a part of
   the substance of the assimilating body.

     Aliment easily assimilated or turned into blood. Arbuthnot.

   3.  To  be  converted  into the substance of the assimilating body; to
   become  incorporated;  as,  some kinds of food assimilate more readily
   than others.

     I  am  a foreign material, and cannot assimilate with the church of
     England. J. H. Newman.

                                 Assimilation

   As*sim`i*la"tion (#), n. [L. assimilatio: cf. F. assimilation.]

   1.  The  act  or process of assimilating or bringing to a resemblance,
   likeness,  or  identity;  also, the state of being so assimilated; as,
   the assimilation of one sound to another.

     To aspire to an assimilation with God. Dr. H. More.

     The assimilation of gases and vapors. Sir J. Herschel.

   2.  (Physiol.)  The  conversion  of  nutriment into the fluid or solid
   substance  of  the body, by the processes of digestion and absorption,
   whether in plants or animals.

     Not  conversing  the  body,  not  repairing it by assimilation, but
     preserving it by ventilation. Sir T. Browne.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e term assimilation has been limited by some to the
     final  process  by  which  the  nutritive  matter  of  the blood is
     converted into the substance of the tissues and organs.

                                 Assimilative

   As*sim"i*la*tive  (#),  a.  [Cf.  LL.  assimilativus, F. assimilatif.]
   Tending  to,  or  characterized  by, assimilation; that assimilates or
   causes assimilation; as, an assimilative process or substance.

                                 Assimilatory

   As*sim"i*la*to*ry   (#),   a.   Tending   to  assimilate,  or  produce
   assimilation; as, assimilatory organs.

                                  Assimulate

   As*sim"u*late  (#), v. t. [L. assimulatus, p. p. of assimulare, equiv.
   to assimilare. See Assimilate, v. t.]

   1. To feign; to counterfeit; to simulate; to resemble. [Obs.] Blount.

   2. To assimilate. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

                                 Assimulation

   As*sim`u*la"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  assimulatio,  equiv. to assimilatio.]
   Assimilation. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                   Assinego

   As`si*ne"go (#), n. See Asinego.

                                    Assish

   Ass"ish (#), a. Resembling an ass; asinine; stupid or obstinate.

     Such . . . appear to be of the assich kind . . . Udall.

                                    Assist

   As*sist"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Assisted;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Assisting.]  [L.  assistere; ad + sistere to cause to stand, to stand,
   from  stare  to stand: cf. F. assister. See Stand.] To give support to
   in  some  undertaking  or  effort, or in time of distress; to help; to
   aid; to succor.

     Assist me, knight. I am undone! Shak.

   Syn.  --  To  help;  aid;  second;  back;  support;  relieve;  succor;
   befriend; sustain; favor. See Help.

                                    Assist

   As*sist", v. i.

   1. To lend aid; to help.

     With  God  not  parted  from  him,  as was feared, But favoring and
     assisting to the end. Milton.

   2. To be present as a spectator; as, to assist at a public meeting. [A
   Gallicism] Gibbon. Prescott.

                                  Assistance

   As*sist"ance (#), n. [Cf. F. assistance.]

   1. The act of assisting; help; aid; furtherance; succor; support.

     Without the assistance of a mortal hand. Shak.

   2. An assistant or helper; a body of helpers. [Obs.]

     Wat  Tyler  [was]  killed  by  valiant  Walworth, the lord mayor of
     London, and his assistance, . . . John Cavendish. Fuller.

   3. Persons present. [Obs. or a Gallicism]

                                   Assistant

   As*sist"ant (#), a. [Cf. F. assistant, p. pr. of assister.]

   1. Helping; lending aid or support; auxiliary.

     Genius  and  learning  .  . . are mutually and greatly assistant to
     each other. Beattie.

   2.  (Mil.)  Of  the  second  grade  in  the  staff of the army; as, an
   assistant surgeon. [U.S.]

     NOTE: &hand; In  th e English army it designates the third grade in
     any particular branch of the staff.

   Farrow.

                                   Assistant

   As*sist"ant (#), n.

   1. One who, or that which, assists; a helper; an auxiliary; a means of
   help.

     Four assistants who his labor share. Pope.

     Rhymes merely as assistants to memory. Mrs. Chapone.

   2. An attendant; one who is present. Dryden.

                                  Assistantly

   As*sist"ant*ly, adv. In a manner to give aid. [R.]

                                   Assister

   As*sist"er, n. An assistant; a helper.

                                   Assistful

   As*sist"ful (#), a. Helpful.

                                   Assistive

   As*sist"ive (#), a. Lending aid, helping.

                                  Assistless

   As*sist"less, a. Without aid or help. [R.] Pope.

                                   Assistor

   As*sist"or (#), n. (Law) A assister.

                                  Assithment

   As*sith"ment (#), n. See Assythment. [Obs.]

                                    Assize

   As*size"  (#), n. [OE. assise, asise, OF. assise, F. assises, assembly
   of  judges,  the  decree  pronounced  by them, tax, impost, fr. assis,
   assise, p. p. of asseoir, fr. L. assid to sit by; ad + sed to sit. See
   Sit, Size, and cf. Excise, Assess.]

   1. An assembly of knights and other substantial men, with a bailiff or
   justice,  in  a  certain  place  and  at  a  certain  time, for public
   business. [Obs.]

   2.  (Law) (a) A special kind of jury or inquest. (b) A kind of writ or
   real  action. (c) A verdict or finding of a jury upon such writ. (d) A
   statute   or   ordinance  in  general.  Specifically:  (1)  A  statute
   regulating the weight, measure, and proportions of ingredients and the
   price  of  articles  sold  in  the market; as, the assize of bread and
   other  provisions;  (2)  A  statute fixing the standard of weights and
   measures.  (e)  Anything  fixed  or reduced to a certainty in point of
   time,  number,  quantity,  quality, weight, measure, etc.; as, rent of
   assize. Glanvill. Spelman. Cowell. Blackstone. Tomlins. au>Burrill
   .

     NOTE: [This te rm is not now used in England in the sense of a writ
     or  real  action,  and  seldom of a jury of any kind, but in Scotch
     practice  it  is  still technically applied to the jury in criminal
     cases. Stephen. Burrill. Erskine.]

   (f)  A  court,  the  sitting  or  session of a court, for the trial of
   processes, whether civil or criminal, by a judge and jury. Blackstone.
   Wharton. Encyc. Brit. (g) The periodical sessions of the judges of the
   superior  courts  in  every  county  of  England  for  the  purpose of
   administering  justice  in  the  trial  and determination of civil and
   criminal  cases;  --  usually  in  the plural. Brande. Wharton. Craig.
   Burrill.  (h)  The  time  or  place of holding the court of assize; --
   generally in the plural, assizes.

   3. Measure; dimension; size. [In this sense now corrupted into size.]

     An hundred cubits high by just assize. Spenser.

   [Formerly written, as in French, assise.]

                                    Assize

   As*size",  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assized (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Assizing.]
   [From Assize, n.: cf. LL. assisare to decree in assize. Cf. Asses, v.]

   1. To assess; to value; to rate. [Obs.] Gower.

   2.  To  fix  the  weight,  measure,  or  price  of, by an ordinance or
   regulation of authority. [Obs.]

                                    Assizer

   As*siz"er (#), n. An officer who has the care or inspection of weights
   and measures, etc.

                                    Assizor

   As*siz"or (#), n. (Scots Law) A juror.

                                    Assober

   As*so"ber (#), v. t. [Pref. ad- + sober. Cf. Ensober.] To make or keep
   sober. [Obs.] Gower.

                                 Associability

   As*so`cia*bil"i*ty (#), n. The quality of being associable, or capable
   of  association;  associableness.  "The associability of feelings." H.
   Spencer.

                                  Associable

   As*so"cia*ble (#), a. [See Associate.]

   1. Capable of being associated or joined.

     We know feelings to be associable only by the proved ability of one
     to revive another. H. Spencer.

   2. Sociable; companionable. [Obs.]

   3.  (Med.) Liable to be affected by sympathy with other parts; -- said
   of organs, nerves, muscles, etc.

     The  stomach,  the  most associable of all the organs of the animal
     body. Med. Rep.

                                Associableness

   As*so"cia*ble*ness, n. Associability.

                                   Associate

   As*so"ci*ate  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Associated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Associating  (#).] [L. associatus, p. p. of associare; ad + sociare to
   join or unite, socius companion. See Social.]

   1.  To join with one, as a friend, companion, partner, or confederate;
   as, to associate others with .

   2.  To  join  or  connect; to combine in acting; as, particles of gold
   associated with other substances.

   3. To connect or place together in thought.

     He  succeeded  in  associating his name inseparably with some names
     which will last an long as our language. Macaulay.

   4. To accompany; to keep company with. [Obs.]

     Friends should associate friends in grief and woe. Shak.

                                   Associate

   As*so"ci*ate, v. i.

   1.  To  unite  in  company;  to  keep  company, implying intimacy; as,
   congenial minds are disposed to associate.

   2.  To unite in action, or to be affected by the action of a different
   part of the body. E. Darwin.

                                   Associate

   As*so"ci*ate (#), a. [L. associatus, p. p.]

   1.  Closely  connected  or  joined  with  some  other, as in interest,
   purpose,  employment,  or office; sharing responsibility or authority;
   as, an associate judge.

     While I descend . . . to my associate powers. Milton.

   2.  Admitted  to  some,  but not to all, rights and privileges; as, an
   associate member.

   3.  (Physiol.)  Connected by habit or sympathy; as, associate motions,
   such as occur sympathetically, in consequence of preceding motions. E.
   Darwin.

                                   Associate

   As*so"ci*ate, n.

   1.  A  companion;  one  frequently  in  company with another, implying
   intimacy or equality; a mate; a fellow.

   2.  A  partner  in  interest,  as  in  business; or a confederate in a
   league.

   3.  One  connected with an association or institution without the full
   rights  or  privileges  of  a  regular member; as, an associate of the
   Royal Academy.

   4. Anything closely or usually connected with another; an concomitant.

     The  one  [idea]  no  sooner comes into the understanding, than its
     associate appears with it. Locke.

   Syn.  --  Companion;  mate;  fellow; friend; ally; partner; coadjutor;
   comrade; accomplice.

                                  Associated

   As*so"ci*a`ted   (#),   a.   Joined   as  a  companion;  brought  into
   association;  accompanying; combined. Associated movements (Physiol.),
   consensual  movements  which  accompany  voluntary efforts without our
   consciousness. Dunglison.

                                 Associateship

   As*so"ci*ate*ship  (#), n. The state of an associate, as in Academy or
   an office.

                                  Association

   As*so`ci*a"tion  (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. association, LL. associatio, fr.
   L. associare.]

   1.  The  act  of  associating,  or  state  of being associated; union;
   connection,  whether  of  persons  of  things.  "Some  .  .  . bond of
   association." Hooker.

     Self-denial is a kind of holy association with God. Boyle.

   2.  Mental  connection, or that which is mentally linked or associated
   with a thing.

     Words . . . must owe their powers association. Johnson.

     Why  should  .  .  .  the  holiest  words, with all their venerable
     associations, be profaned? Coleridge.

   3.  Union  of  persons  in  a  company  or society for some particular
   purpose;  as, the American Association for the Advancement of Science;
   a    benevolent    association.    Specifically,    as    among    the
   Congregationalists,  a  society,  consisting of a number of ministers,
   generally  the  pastors  of neighboring churches, united for promoting
   the interests of religion and the harmony of the churches.
   Association  of  ideas  (Physiol.),  the  combination or connection of
   states  of  mind  or  their objects with one another, as the result of
   which  one is said to be revived or represented by means of the other.
   The  relations  according  to which they are thus connected or revived
   are  called  the law of association. Prominent among them are reckoned
   the relations of time and place, and of cause and effect. Porter.
   
                                 Associational
                                       
   As*so`ci*a"tion*al (#), a. 

   1. Of or pertaining to association, or to an association.

   2. Pertaining to the theory held by the associationists.

                                Associationism

   As*so`ci*a"tion*ism  (#),  n. (Philos.) The doctrine or theory held by
   associationists.

                                Associationist

   As*so`ci*a"tion*ist,   n.   (Philos.)  One  who  explains  the  higher
   functions  and  relations  of the soul by the association of ideas; e.
   g., Hartley, J. C. Mill.

                                  Associative

   As*so"ci*a*tive  (#), a. Having the quality of associating; tending or
   leading to association; as, the associative faculty. Hugh Miller.

                                  Associator

   As*so"ci*a`tor  (#),  n. An associate; a confederate or partner in any
   scheme.

     How  Pennsylvania's  air  agrees  with Quakers, And Carolina's with
     associators. Dryden.

                                    Assoil

   As*soil" (#), v. t. [OF. assoiler, absoiler, assoldre, F. absoudre, L.
   absolvere. See Absolve.]

   1. To set free; to release. [Archaic]

     Till from her hands the spright assoiled is. Spenser.

   2. To solve; to clear up. [Obs.]

     Any child might soon be able to assoil this riddle. Bp. Jewel.

   3. To set free from guilt; to absolve. [Archaic]

     Acquitted and assoiled from the guilt. Dr. H. More.

     Many persons think themselves fairly assoiled, because they are . .
     . not of scandalous lives. Jer. Taylor.

   4. To expiate; to atone for. [Archaic] Spenser.

     Let each act assoil a fault. E. Arnold.

   5. To remove; to put off. [Obs.]

     She soundly slept, and careful thoughts did quite assoil. Spenser.

                                    Assoil

   As*soil", v. t. [Pref. ad- + soil.] To soil; to stain. [Obs. or Poet.]
   Beau. & Fl.

     Ne'er assoil my cobwebbed shield. Wordsworth.

                                  Assoilment

   As*soil"ment  (#),  n.  Act  of assoiling, or state of being assoiled;
   absolution; acquittal.

                                  Assoilment

   As*soil"ment, n. A soiling; defilement.

                             Assoilzie, Assoilyie

   As*soil"zie  (#),  As*soil"yie,  v.  t. [Old form assoil. See Assoil.]
   (Scots Law) To absolve; to acquit by sentence of court.

     God assoilzie him for the sin of bloodshed. Sir W. Scott.

                                   Assonance

   As"so*nance (#), n. [Cf. F. assonance. See Assonant.]

   1. Resemblance of sound. "The disagreeable assonance of Steevens.

   2.  (Pros.)  A  peculiar  species of rhyme, in which the last accented
   vowel  and  those which follow it in one word correspond in sound with
   the  vowels of another word, while the consonants of the two words are
   unlike in sound; as, calamo and platano, baby and chary.

     The assonance is peculiar to the Spaniard. Hallam.

   3. Incomplete correspondence.

     Assonance between facts seemingly remote. Lowell.

                                   Assonant

   As"so*nant  (#),  a.  [L. assonans, p. pr. of assonare to sound to, to
   correspond  to  in  sound;  ad  + sonare to sound, sonus sound: cf. F.
   assonant. See Sound.]

   1. Having a resemblance of sounds.

   2.  (Pros.)  Pertaining  to  the  peculiar  species  of  rhyme  called
   assonance; not consonant.

                                  Assonantal

   As`so*nan"tal (#), a. Assonant.

                                   Assonate

   As"so*nate  (#),  v.  i.  [L.  assonare, assonatum, to respond to.] To
   correspond in sound.

                                    Assort

   As*sort"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Assorted;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Assorting.]  [F.  assortir;  (L. ad) + sortir to cast or draw lots, to
   obtain by lot, L. sortiri, fr. sors, sortis, lot. See Sort.]

   1.  To separate and distribute into classes, as things of a like kind,
   nature,  or  quality,  or  which  are  suited  to  a  like purpose; to
   classify; as, to assort goods.

     NOTE: [Rarely applied to persons.]

     They  appear  .  .  . no ways assorted to those with whom they must
     associate. Burke.

   2.  To  furnish  with,  or  make  up of, various sorts or a variety of
   goods; as, to assort a cargo.

                                    Assort

   As*sort", v. i. To agree; to be in accordance; to be adapted; to suit;
   to fall into a class or place. Mitford. <-- p. 93 -->

                                   Assorted

   As*sort"ed (#), a. Selected; culled.

                                  Assortment

   As*sort"ment (#), n. [Cf. F. assortiment.]

   1. Act of assorting, or distributing into sorts, kinds, or classes.

   2. A collection or quantity of things distributed into kinds or sorts;
   a number of things assorted.

   3.  A  collection  containing  a  variety of sorts or kinds adapted to
   various wants, demands, or purposes; as, an assortment of goods.

                                     Assot

   As*sot"  (#),  v.  t.  [OF.  asoter, F. assoter; ad) + sot stupid. See
   Sot.] To besot; to befool; to beguile; to infatuate. [Obs.]

     Some ecstasy assotted had his sense. Spenser.

                                     Assot

   As*sot", a. Dazed; foolish; infatuated. [Obs.]

     Willie, I ween thou be assot. Spenser.

                                    Assuage

   As*suage" (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assuaged; p. pr. & vb. n. Assuaging
   (#).]  [OE.  asuagen, aswagen, OF. asoagier, asuagier, fr. assouagier,
   fr.  L.  ad  +  suavis  sweet.  See Sweet.] To soften, in a figurative
   sense;  to  allay, mitigate, ease, or lessen, as heat, pain, or grief;
   to appease or pacify, as passion or tumult; to satisfy, as appetite or
   desire.

     Refreshing winds the summer's heat assuage. Addison.

     To assuage the sorrows of a desolate old man Burke.

     The  fount  at  which  the  panting  mind  assuages  Her  thirst of
     knowledge. Byron.

   Syn.  --  To  alleviate; mitigate; appease; soothe; calm; tranquilize;
   relieve. See Alleviate.

                                    Assuage

   As*suage", v. i. To abate or subside. [Archaic] "The waters assuaged."
   Gen. vii. 1.

     The  plague  being  come to a crisis, its fury began to assuage. De
     Foe.

                                  Assuagement

   As*suage"ment  (#),  n.  [OF.  assouagement,  asuagement.] Mitigation;
   abatement.

                                   Assuager

   As*sua"ger (#), n. One who, or that which, assuages.

                                   Assuasive

   As*sua"sive  (#),  a. [From assuage, as if this were fr. a supposed L.
   assuadere  to  persuade  to;  or  from  E.  pref.  ad + -suasive as in
   persuasive.] Mitigating; tranquilizing; soothing. [R.]

     Music her soft assuasive voice applies. Pope.

                                  Assubjugate

   As*sub"ju*gate  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref.  ad-  + subjugate.] To bring into
   subjection. [Obs.] Shak.

                                 Assuefaction

   As`sue*fac"tion  (#),  n. [L. assuefacere to accustom to; assuetus (p.
   p.   of  assuescere  to  accustom  to)  +  facere  to  make;  cf.  OF.
   assuefaction.]   The  act  of  accustoming,  or  the  state  of  being
   accustomed; habituation. [Obs.]

     Custom  and  studies  efform the soul like wax, and by assuefaction
     introduce a nature. Jer. Taylor.

                                   Assuetude

   As"sue*tude   (#),   n.   [L.  assuetudo,  fr.  assuetus  accustomed.]
   Accustomedness; habit; habitual use.

     Assuetude  of  things  hurtful  doth  make them lose their force to
     hurt. Bacon.

                                   Assumable

   As*sum"a*ble (#), a. That may be assumed.

                                   Assumably

   As*sum"a*bly, adv. By way of assumption.

                                    Assume

   As*sume"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Assumed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Assuming.]  [L.  assumere;  ad  + sumere to take; sub + emere to take,
   buy: cf. F. assumer. See Redeem.]

   1.   To   take   to   or   upon  one's  self;  to  take  formally  and
   demonstratively; sometimes, to appropriate or take unjustly.

     Trembling they stand while Jove assumes the throne. Pope.

     The god assumed his native form again. Pope.

   2.  To  take  for  granted, or without proof; to suppose as a fact; to
   suppose or take arbitrarily or tentatively.

     The consequences of assumed principles. Whewell.

   3. To pretend to possess; to take in appearance.

     Ambition assuming the mask of religion. Porteus.

     Assume a virtue, if you have it not. Shak.

   4. To receive or adopt.

     The  sixth  was  a  young  knight  of lesser renown and lower rank,
     assumed into that honorable company. Sir W. Scott.

   Syn. -- To arrogate; usurp; appropriate.

                                    Assume

   As*sume", v. i.

   1.  To  be  arrogant  or  pretentious;  to claim more than is due. Bp.
   Burnet.

   2. (Law) To undertake, as by a promise. Burrill.

                                    Assumed

   As*sumed" (#), a.

   1. Supposed.

   2. Pretended; hypocritical; make-believe; as, an assumed character.

                                   Assumedly

   As*sum"ed*ly (#), adv. By assumption.

                                   Assument

   As*sum"ent (#), n. [L. assumentum, fr. ad + suere to sew.] A patch; an
   addition; a piece put on. [Obs.] John Lewis (1731).

                                    Assumer

   As*sum"er  (#),  n. One who assumes, arrogates, pretends, or supposes.
   W. D. Whitney.

                                   Assuming

   As*sum"ing, a. Pretentious; taking much upon one's self; presumptuous.
   Burke.

                                   Assumpsit

   As*sump"sit  (?; 215), n. [L., he undertook, pret. of L. assumere. See
   Assume.]   (Law)   (a)   A   promise  or  undertaking,  founded  on  a
   consideration.  This promise may be oral or in writing not under seal.
   It  may  be express or implied. (b) An action to recover damages for a
   breach or nonperformance of a contract or promise, express or implied,
   oral  or in writing not under seal. Common or indebitatus assumpsit is
   brought  for the most part on an implied promise. Special assumpsit is
   founded on an express promise or undertaking. Wharton.

                                    Assumpt

   As*sumpt"  (?;  215),  v.  t.  [L.  assumptus,  p. p. of assumere. See
   Assume.] To take up; to elevate; to assume. [Obs.] Sheldon.

                                    Assumpt

   As*sumpt",  n.  [L. assumptum, p. p. neut. of assumere.] That which is
   assumed; an assumption. [Obs.]

     The sun of all your assumpts is this. Chillingworth.

                                  Assumption

   As*sump"tion (?; 215), n. [OE. assumpcioun a taking up into heaven, L.
   assumptio a taking, fr. assumere: cf. F. assomption. See Assume.]

   1.  The  act  of assuming, or taking to or upon one's self; the act of
   taking up or adopting.

     The assumption of authority. Whewell.

   2.  The act of taking for granted, or supposing a thing without proof;
   supposition; unwarrantable claim.

     This  gives  no  sanction  to the unwarrantable assumption that the
     soul  sleeps  from  the  period of death to the resurrection of the
     body. Thodey.

     That calm assumption of the virtues. W. Black.

   3.  The  thing  supposed;  a  postulate,  or  proposition  assumed;  a
   supposition.

     Hold! says the Stoic; your assumption's wrong. Dryden.

   4. (Logic) The minor or second proposition in a categorical syllogism.

   5.  The  taking of a person up into heaven. Hence: (Rom. Cath. & Greek
   Churches)  A  festival  in honor of the ascent of the Virgin Mary into
   heaven.

                                  Assumptive

   As*sump"tive  (#),  a.  [L. assumptivus, fr. assumptus, fr. assumere.]
   Assumed,  or  capable  of  being assumed; characterized by assumption;
   making  unwarranted  claims.  -- As*sump"tive*ly, adv. Assumptive arms
   (Her.),  originally,  arms  which  a  person had a right to assume, in
   consequence  of an exploit; now, those assumed without sanction of the
   Heralds' College. Percy Smith.

                                   Assurance

   As*sur"ance  (#),  n.  [OE. assuraunce, F. assurance, fr. assurer. See
   Assure.]

   1.  The  act  of  assuring;  a  declaration  tending  to  inspire full
   confidence; that which is designed to give confidence.

     Whereof  he  hath  given  assurance  unto  all men, in that he hath
     raised him from the dead. Acts xvii. 31.

     Assurances of support came pouring in daily. Macaulay.

   2.  The  state  of  being assured; firm persuasion; full confidence or
   trust; freedom from doubt; certainty.

     Let  us  draw  with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having
     our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience. Heb. x. 22.

   3.  Firmness  of  mind;  undoubting, steadiness; intrepidity; courage;
   confidence; self-reliance.

     Brave men meet danger with assurance. Knolles.

     Conversation with the world will give them knowledge and assurance.
     Locke.

   4.  Excess  of  boldness;  impudence;  audacity;  as, his assurance is
   intolerable.

   5. Betrothal; affiance. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

   6.  Insurance;  a  contract  for the payment of a sum on occasion of a
   certain event, as loss or death.

     NOTE: &hand; Re cently, as surance ha s be en us ed, in England, in
     relation  to life contingencies, and insurance in relation to other
     contingencies. It is called temporary assurance, in the time within
     which the contingent event must happen is limited. See Insurance.

   7.  (Law)  Any  written  or  other legal evidence of the conveyance of
   property; a conveyance; a deed.

     NOTE: &hand; In  En gland, the legal evidences of the conveyance of
     property are called the common assurances of the kingdom.

   Blackstone.

                                    Assure

   As*sure  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Assured  (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Assuring.]  [OF.  ase\'81rer,  F.  assurer,  LL.  assecurare;  L. ad +
   securus secure, sure, certain. See Secure, Sure, and cf. Insure.]

   1.  To  make  sure  or  certain;  to  render  confident  by a promise,
   declaration, or other evidence.

     His  promise  that  thy  seed shall bruise our foe . . . Assures me
     that the bitterness of death Is past, and we shall live. Milton.

   2.  To declare to, solemnly; to assert to (any one) with the design of
   inspiring belief or confidence.

     I  dare  assure  thee that no enemy Shall ever take alive the noble
     Brutus. Shak.

   3. To confirm; to make certain or secure.

     And it shall be assured to him. Lev. xxvii. 19.

     And  hereby  we know that we are of the truth, and shall assure our
     hearts before him. 1 John iii. 19.

   4. To affiance; to betroth. [Obs.] Shak.

   5.  (Law)  To  insure;  to covenant to indemnify for loss, or to pay a
   specified  sum at death. See Insure. Syn. -- To declare; aver; avouch;
   vouch; assert; asseverate; protest; persuade; convince.

                                    Assured

   As*sured"  (#), a. Made sure; safe; insured; certain; indubitable; not
   doubting; bold to excess.

                                    Assured

   As*sured", n. One whose life or property is insured.

                                   Assuredly

   As*sur"ed*ly  (#),  adv.  Certainly; indubitably. "The siege assuredly
   I'll raise." Shak.

                                  Assuredness

   As*sur"ed*ness,  n.  The  state  of  being  assured;  certainty;  full
   confidence.

                                    Assurer

   As*sur"er (#), n.

   1.  One  who  assures.  Specifically: One who insures against loss; an
   insurer or underwriter.

   2. One who takes out a life assurance policy.

                                  Assurgency

   As*sur"gen*cy (#), n. Act of rising.

     The . . . assurgency of the spirit through the body. Coleridge.

                                   Assurgent

   As*sur"gent  (#),  a. [L. assurgens, p. pr. of assurgere; ad + surgere
   to rise.] Ascending; (Bot.) rising obliquely; curving upward. Gray.

                                   Assuring

   As*sur"ing (#), a. That assures; tending to assure; giving confidence.
   -- As*sur"ing*ly, adv.

                                    Asswage

   As*swage", v. See Assuage.

                                   Assyrian

   As*syr"i*an  (#), a. [L. Assyrius.] Of or pertaining to Assyria, or to
   its  inhabitants.  --  n.  A  native  or an inhabitant of Assyria; the
   language of Assyria.

                                Assyriological

   As*syr`i*o*log"ic*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining to Assyriology; as,
   Assyriological studies.

                                 Assyriologist

   As*syr`i*ol"o*gist  (#),  n.  One  versed in Assyriology; a student of
   Assyrian arch\'91ology.

                                  Assyriology

   As*syr`i*ol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Assyria + -logy.] The science or study of
   the antiquities, language, etc., of ancient Assyria.

                                  Assythment

   As*syth"ment  (#),  n. [From OF. aset, asez, orig. meaning enough. See
   Assets.]  Indemnification  for injury; satisfaction. [Chiefly in Scots
   law]

                                    Astacus

   As"ta*cus  (#),  n.  [L.  astacus  a  crab,  Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
   crustaceans, containing the crawfish of fresh-water lobster of Europe,
   and allied species of western North America. See Crawfish.

                                  Astarboard

   A*star"board  (#), adv. (Naut.) Over to the starboard side; -- said of
   the tiller.

                                    Astart

   A*start" (#), v. t. & i. Same as Astert. [Obs.]

                                    Astarte

   As*tar"te  (#), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of bivalve mollusks, common
   on the coasts of America and Europe.

                                    Astate

   A*state" (#), n. Estate; state. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Astatic

   A*stat"ic  (#),  a. [Pref. a- not + static.] (Magnetism) Having little
   or  no  tendency  to  take  a fixed or definite position or direction:
   thus,  a  suspended  magnetic needle, when rendered astatic, loses its
   polarity,  or  tendency  to  point  in a given direction. Astatic pair
   (Magnetism),  a pair of magnetic needles so mounted as to be nearly or
   quite astatic, as in some galvanometers.

                                  Astatically

   A*stat"ic*al*ly (#), adv. In an astatic manner.

                                  Astaticism

   A*stat"i*cism (#), n. The state of being astatic.

                                     Astay

   A*stay"  (#),  adv.  (Naut.) An anchor is said to be astay, in heaving
   it,  an acute angle is formed between the cable and the surface of the
   water.

                                    Asteism

   As"te*ism  (#),  n. [Gr. ast\'82isme.] (Rhet.) Genteel irony; a polite
   and ingenious manner of deriding another.

                                     Astel

   As"tel  (#),  n.  [OE.  astelle  piece  of  wood, OF. astele splinter,
   shaving,  F.  attelle,  astelle:  cf. L. astula, dim. of assis board.]
   (Mining)  An  arch, or ceiling, of boards, placed over the men's heads
   in a mine.

                                     Aster

   As"ter (#), n. [L. aster aster, star, Gr. Star.]

   1.  (Bot.)  A  genus  of  herbs with compound white or bluish flowers;
   starwort; Michaelmas daisy.

   2.  (Floriculture)  A  plant of the genus Callistephus. Many varieties
   (called  China  asters,  German asters, etc.) are cultivated for their
   handsome compound flowers.

                                   Asterias

   As*te"ri*as (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of echinoderms.

     NOTE: &hand; Fo rmerly th e gr oup of this name included nearly all
     starfishes and ophiurans. Now it is restricted to a genus including
     the commonest shore starfishes.

                                  Asteriated

   As*te"ri*a`ted  (#), a. [See Asterias.] Radiated, with diverging rays;
   as, asteriated sapphire.

                                  Asteridian

   As`ter*id"i*an (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Asterioidea.
   -- n. A starfish; one of the Asterioidea.

                            Asterioidea, Asteridea

   As*te`ri*oid"e*a  (#),  As`ter*id"e*a  (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -oid.
   See  Asterias.] (Zo\'94l.) A class of Echinodermata including the true
   starfishes. The rays vary in number and always have ambulacral grooves
   below. The body is starshaped or pentagonal.

                                   Asterion

   As*te"ri*on  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Anat.) The point on the side of the skull
   where the lambdoid, parieto-mastoid and occipito-mastoid sutures.

                                  Asteriscus

   As`ter*is"cus  (#),  n.  [L.,  an asterisk. See Asterisk.] (Anat.) The
   smaller of the two otoliths found in the inner ear of many fishes.

                                   Asterisk

   As"ter*isk  (#),  n. [L. asteriscus, Gr. Aster.] The figure of a star,
   thus,

                                   Asterism

   As`ter*ism (#), n. [Gr. ast\'82risme.]

   1. (Astron.) (a) A constellation. [Obs.] (b) A small cluster of stars.

   2.  (Printing)  (a)  An asterisk, or mark of reference. [R.] (b) Three
   asterisks  placed in this manner, &asterism;, to direct attention to a
   particular passage.

   3.  (Crystallog.) An optical property of some crystals which exhibit a
   star-shaped  by  reflected  light, as star sapphire, or by transmitted
   light, as some mica.

                                    Astern

   A*stern" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + stern.] (Naut.)

   1.  In  or  at  the  hinder part of a ship; toward the hinder part, or
   stern; backward; as, to go astern.

   2.  Behind a ship; in the rear. "A gale of wind right astern." De Foe.
   "Left this strait astern." Drake.
   To  bake  astern,  to  go  stern  foremost.  --  To  be  astern of the
   reckoning,  to  be  behind  the position given by the reckoning. -- To
   drop  astern,  to  fall  or  be  left  behind.  -- To go astern, to go
   backward, as from the action of currents or winds.

                                   Asternal

   A*ster"nal  (#),  a. [Pref. a- not + sternal.] (Anat.) Not sternal; --
   said of ribs which do not join the sternum.

                                   Asteroid

   As"ter*oid  (#), n. [Gr. ast\'82ro\'8bde. See Aster.] A starlike body;
   esp.  one of the numerous small planets whose orbits lie between those
   of Mars and Jupiter; -- called also planetoids and minor planets.

                                  Asteroidal

   As`ter*oid"al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to an asteroid, or to the
   asteroids.

                                  Asterolepis

   As`te*rol"e*pis  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of fishes,
   some  of  which  were  eighteen or twenty feet long, found in a fossil
   state in the Old Red Sandstone. Hugh Miller. <-- p. 94 -->

                                Asterophyllite

   As`ter*oph"yl*lite (#), n. [Gr. (Paleon.) A fossil plant from the coal
   formations  of  Europe and America, now regarded as the branchlets and
   foliage of calamites.

                                    Astert

   A*stert  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref.  a- + start; OE. asterten, asturten.] To
   start up; to befall; to escape; to shun. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Astert

   A*stert", v. i. To escape. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                               Asthenia, Astheny

   As`the*ni"a  (#),  As"the*ny (#), n. [NL. asthenia, Gr. (Med.) Want or
   loss of strength; debility; diminution of the vital forces.

                                   Asthenic

   As*then"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Med.) Characterized by, or pertaining to,
   debility; weak; debilitating.

                                  Asthenopia

   As`the*no"pi*a (#), n. [Gr. Weakness of sight. Quain. -- As`the*nop"ic
   (#), a.

                                    Asthma

   Asth"ma  (?;  277),  n.  [Gr.  v\'be,  Goth. waian, to blow, E. wind.]
   (Med.)  A  disease, characterized by difficulty of breathing (due to a
   spasmodic   contraction  of  the  bronchi),  recurring  at  intervals,
   accompanied  with  a  wheezing  sound,  a sense of constriction in the
   chest, a cough, and expectoration.

                            Asthmatic, Asthmatical

   Asth*mat"ic  (#),  Asth*mat"ic*al  (#),  a. [L. asthmaticus, Gr. Of or
   pertaining  to asthma; as, an asthmatic cough; liable to, or suffering
   from, asthma; as, an asthmatic patient. -- Asth*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                   Asthmatic

   Asth*mat"ic, n. A person affected with asthma.

                                  Astigmatic

   As`tig*mat"ic  (#),  a. (Med. & Opt.) Affected with, or pertaining to,
   astigmatism;  as,  astigmatic  eyes;  also, remedying astigmatism; as,
   astigmatic lenses.

                                  Astigmatism

   A*stig"ma*tism  (#),  n. [Gr. astigmatisme.] (Med. & Opt.) A defect of
   the  eye  or  of a lens, in consequence of which the rays derived from
   one  point  are  not  brought  to  a  single focal point, thus causing
   imperfect images or indistictness of vision.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm is applied especially to the defect causing
     images  of  lines  having  a certain direction to be indistinct, or
     imperfectly seen, while those of lines transverse to the former are
     distinct, or clearly seen.

                                  Astipulate

   As*tip"u*late (#), v. i. [L. astipulari; ad + stipulari to stipulate.]
   To assent. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

                                 Astipulation

   As*tip`u*la"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  astipulatio.] Stipulation; agreement.
   [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

                                     Astir

   A*stir"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref. a- + stir.] Stirring; in a state of
   activity or motion; out of bed.

                             Astomatous, Astomous

   A*stom"a*tous (#), As"to*mous (#), a. [Gr. Not possessing a mouth.

                                 Aston, Astone

   As*ton"  (#),  As*tone"  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astoned, Astond, or
   Astound.]  [See  Astonish.]  To  stun; to astonish; to stupefy. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                   Astonied

   As*ton"ied (#), p. p. Stunned; astonished. See Astony. [Archaic]

     And I astonied fell and could not pray. Mrs. Browning.

                                   Astonish

   As*ton"ish  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Astonished (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Astonishing.]  [OE.  astonien,  astunian,  astonen,  OF.  estoner,  F.
   \'82tonner,  fr. L. ex out + tonare to thunder, but perhaps influenced
   by E. stun. See Thunder, Astound, Astony.]

   1. To stun; to render senseless, as by a blow. [Obs.]

     Enough,  captain;  you  have  astonished  him. [Fluellen had struck
     Pistol]. Shak.

     The  very  cramp-fish  [i.  e.,  torpedo]  .  . . being herself not
     benumbed, is able to astonish others. Holland.

   2.  To  strike  with  sudden  fear,  terror,  or  wonder; to amaze; to
   surprise  greatly,  as  with something unaccountable; to confound with
   some sudden emotion or passion.

     Musidorus . . . had his wits astonished with sorrow. Sidney.

     I, Daniel . . . was astonished at the vision. Dan. viii. 27.

   Syn.  --  To  amaze;  astound;  overwhelm;  surprise.  --  Astonished,
   Surprised.  We  are surprised at what is unexpected. We are astonished
   at  what  is  above  or  beyond  our  comprehension.  We  are taken by
   surprise. We are struck with astonishment. C. J. Smith. See Amaze.

                                 Astonishedly

   As*ton"ish*ed*ly (#), adv. In an astonished manner. [R.] Bp. Hall.

                                  Astonishing

   As*ton"ish*ing, a. Very wonderful; of a nature to excite astonishment;
   as,  an  astonishing  event.  Syn.  -- Amazing; surprising; wonderful;
   marvelous. As*ton"ish*ing*ly, adv. -- As*ton"ish*ing*ness, n.

                                 Astonishment

   As*ton"ish*ment (#), n. [Cf. OF. est, F. \'82tonnement.]

   1.  The  condition  of  one  who  is stunned. Hence: Numbness; loss of
   sensation; stupor; loss of sense. [Obs.]

     A coldness and astonishment in his loins, as folk say. Holland.

   2. Dismay; consternation. [Archaic] Spenser.

   3.  The  overpowering  emotion  excited  when something unaccountable,
   wonderful,  or dreadful is presented to the mind; an intense degree of
   surprise; amazement.

     Lest the place And my quaint habits breed astonishment. Milton.

   4. The object causing such an emotion.

     Thou shalt become an astonishment. Deut. xxviii. 37.

   Syn. -- Amazement; wonder; surprise.

                                    Astony

   As*ton"y  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Astonied (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Astonying.  See Astone.] To stun; to bewilder; to astonish; to dismay.
   [Archaic]

     The  captain  of the Helots . . . strake Palladius upon the side of
     his head, that he reeled astonied. Sir P. Sidney.

     This sodeyn cas this man astonied so, That reed he wex, abayst, and
     al quaking. Chaucer.

                                    Astoop

   A*stoop"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a-  +  stoop.] In a stooping or inclined
   position. Gay.

                                    Astound

   As*tound"  (#),  a.  [OE. astouned, astound, astoned, p. p. of astone.
   See Astone.] Stunned; astounded; astonished. [Archaic] Spenser.

     Thus Ellen, dizzy and astound. As sudden ruin yawned around. Sir W.
     Scott.

                                    Astound

   As*tound", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astounded, [Obs.] Astound; p. pr. & vb.
   n. Astounding.] [See Astound, a.]

   1. To stun; to stupefy.

     No puissant stroke his senses once astound. Fairfax.

   2.  To  astonish;  to  strike with amazement; to confound with wonder,
   surprise, or fear.

     These thoughts may startle well, but not astound The virtuous mind.
     Milton.

                                  Astounding

   As*tound"ing,  a. Of a nature to astound; astonishing; amazing; as, an
   astounding force, statement, or fact. -- As*tound"ing*ly, adv.

                                  Astoundment

   As*tound"ment (#), n. Amazement. Coleridge.

                                   Astrachan

   As`tra*chan" (#), a. & n. See Astrakhan.

                                   Astraddle

   A*strad"dle (#), adv. [Pref. a- + straddle.] In a straddling position;
   astride; bestriding; as, to sit astraddle a horse.

                                  Astr\'91an

   As*tr\'91"an (#), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the genus Astr\'91a
   or   the   family   Astr\'91id\'91.  --  n.  A  coral  of  the  family
   Astr\'91id\'91; a star coral.

                                   Astragal

   As"tra*gal (#), n. [L. astragalus, Gr.

   1. (Arch.) A convex molding of rounded surface, generally from half to
   three quarters of a circle.

   2. (Gun.) A round molding encircling a cannon near the mouth.

                                  Astragalar

   As*trag"a*lar (#), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the astragalus.

                                  Astragaloid

   As*trag"a*loid  (#),  a.  [Astragalus  + -oid.] (Anat.) Resembling the
   astragalus in form.

                                Astragalomancy

   As*trag"a*lo*man`cy (#), n. [Gr. -mancy.] Divination by means of small
   bones or dice.

                                  Astragalus

   As*trag"a*lus (#), n. [L. See Astragal.]

   1.  (Anat.) The ankle bone, or hock bone; the bone of the tarsus which
   articulates with the tibia at the ankle.

   2.  (Bot.)  A genus of papilionaceous plants, of the tribe Galege\'91,
   containing numerous species, two of which are called, in English, milk
   vetch  and  licorice  vetch. Gum tragacanth is obtained from different
   oriental species, particularly the A. gummifer and A. verus.

   3. (Arch.) See Astragal, 1.

                                   Astrakhan

   As`tra*khan"  (#),  a.  Of or pertaining to Astrakhan in Russia or its
   products;  made  of  an Astrakhan skin. -- n. The skin of stillborn or
   young lambs of that region, the curled wool of which resembles fur.

                                    Astral

   As"tral  (#), a. [L. astralis, fr. astrum star, Gr. astral. See Star.]
   Pertaining   to,  coming  from,  or  resembling,  the  stars;  starry;
   starlike.

     Shines only with an astral luster. I. Taylor.

     Some astral forms I must invoke by prayer. Dryden.

   Astral lamp, an Argand lamp so constructed that no shadow is cast upon
   the  table  by the flattened ring-shaped reservoir in which the oil is
   contained. -- Astral spirits, spirits formerly supposed to live in the
   heavenly  bodies  or  the  a\'89rial  regions,  and represented in the
   Middle  Ages  as  fallen  angels,  spirits  of  the  dead,  or spirits
   originating in fire.

                                    Astrand

   A*strand" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + strand.] Stranded. Sir W. Scott.

                                    Astray

   A*stray"  (#), adv. & a. [See Estray, Stray.] Out of the right, either
   in  a  literal  or  in  a figurative sense; wandering; as, to lead one
   astray.

     Ye were as sheep going astray. 1 Pet. ii. 25.

                                    Astrict

   As*trict"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Astricted;  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Astricting.] [L. astrictus, p. p. of astringere. See Astringe.]

   1. To bind up; to confine; to constrict; to contract.

     The solid parts were to be relaxed or astricted. Arbuthnot.

   2. To bind; to constrain; to restrict; to limit. [R.]

     The  mind  is  astricted  to  certain  necessary  modes or forms of
     thought. Sir W. Hamilton.

   3.  (Scots  Law)  To restrict the tenure of; as, to astrict lands. See
   Astriction, 4. Burrill.

                                    Astrict

   As*trict", a. Concise; contracted. [Obs.] Weever.

                                  Astriction

   As*tric"tion (#), n. [L. astrictio.]

   1. The act of binding; restriction; also, obligation. Milton.

   2. (Med.) (a) A contraction of parts by applications; the action of an
   astringent   substance   on   the   animal   economy.  Dunglison.  (b)
   Constipation. Arbuthnot.

   3. Astringency. [Obs.] Bacon.

   4.  (Scots  Law)  An  obligation  to have the grain growing on certain
   lands ground at a certain mill, the owner paying a toll. Bell.

     NOTE: &hand; The lands were said to be astricted to the mill.

                                  Astrictive

   As*tric"tive  (#),  a.  Binding;  astringent.  -- n. An astringent. --
   As*tric"tive*ly, adv.

                                  Astrictory

   As*tric"to*ry (#), a. Astrictive. [R.]

                                    Astride

   A*stride" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + stride.] With one leg on each side, as
   a  man  when  on  horseback;  with  the  legs  stretched  wide  apart;
   astraddle.

     Placed astride upon the bars of the palisade. Sir W. Scott.

     Glasses with horn bows sat astride on his nose. Longfellow.

                                  Astriferous

   As*trif"er*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  astrifer; astrum star + ferre to bear.]
   Bearing stars. [R.] Blount.

                                   Astringe

   As*tringe"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Astringed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Astringing  (#).]  [L.  astringere;  ad + stringere to draw tight. Cf.
   Astrict, and see Strain, v. t.]

   1.  To  bind  fast;  to constrict; to contract; to cause parts to draw
   together; to compress.

     Which contraction . . . astringeth the moistuBacon.

   2. To bind by moral or legal obligation. Wolsey.

                                  Astringency

   As*trin"gen*cy  (#),  n. The quality of being astringent; the power of
   contracting  the parts of the body; that quality in medicines or other
   substances  which  causes contraction of the organic textures; as, the
   astringency of tannin.

                                  Astringent

   As*trin"gent  (#),  a.  [L.  astringens,  p. pr. of astringere: cf. F.
   astringent. See Astringe.]

   1.  Drawing  together the tissues; binding; contracting; -- opposed to
   laxative;  as,  astringent  medicines;  a butter and astringent taste;
   astringent fruit.

   2. Stern; austere; as, an astringent type of virtue.

                                  Astringent

   As*trin"gent,   n.   A  medicine  or  other  substance  that  produces
   contraction  in  the  soft  organic textures, and checks discharges of
   blood, mucus, etc.

     External astringents are called styptics. Dunglison.

                                 Astringently

   As*trin"gent*ly, adv. In an astringent manner.

                                   Astringer

   As*trin"ger  (#),  n. [OE. ostreger, OF. ostrucier, F. autoursier, fr.
   OF.  austour,  ostor, hawk, F. autour; cf. L. acceptor, for accipiter,
   hawk.]  A falconer who keeps a goschawk. [Obs.] Shak. Cowell. [Written
   also austringer.]

                                    Astro-

   As"tro-  (#).  The  combining form of the Greek word 'a`stron, meaning
   star.

                              Astrofel, Astrofell

   As"tro*fel,  As"tro*fell  (#),  n. A bitter herb, probably the same as
   aster, or starwort. Spenser.

                                   Astrogeny

   As*trog"e*ny  (#),  n.  [Astro- + Gr. The creation or evolution of the
   stars or the heavens. H. Spencer.

                                  Astrognosy

   As*trog"no*sy  (#),  n.  [Astro- + Gr. The science or knowledge of the
   stars, esp. the fixed stars. Bouvier.

                                   Astrogony

   As*trog"o*ny (#), n. Same as Astrogeny. -- As`*tro*gon"ic (#), a.

                                  Astrography

   As*trog"ra*phy  (#), n. [Astro'cf + -graphy.] The art of describing or
   delineating the stars; a description or mapping of the heavens.

                                   Astroite

   As"tro*ite  (#),  n. [L. astroites: cf. F. astroite.] A radiated stone
   or fossil; star-stone. [Obs.] [Written also astrite and astrion.]

                                   Astrolabe

   As"tro*labe  (#),  n.  [OE.  astrolabie,  astrilabe, OF. astrelabe, F.
   astrolabe, LL. astrolabium, fr. Gr.

   1.  (Astron.)  An instrument for observing or showing the positions of
   the stars. It is now disused.

     NOTE: &hand; Am ong th e ancients, it was essentially the armillary
     sphere.  A  graduated  circle  with sights, for taking altitudes at
     sea,  was  called  an  astrolabe  in  the  18th  century. It is now
     superseded by the quadrant and sextant.

   2.  A  stereographic  projection of the sphere on the plane of a great
   circle, as the equator, or a meridian; a planisphere. Whewell.

                                  Astrolater

   As*trol"a*ter (#), n. A worshiper of the stars. Morley.

                                  Astrolatry

   As*trol"a*try  (#),  n.  [Astro- + Gr. astrol\'83trie.] The worship of
   the stars.

                                Astrolithology

   As`tro*li*thol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Astro-  +  lithology.]  The science of
   a\'89rolites.

                                  Astrologer

   As*trol"o*ger (#), n. [See Astrology.]

   1. One who studies the stars; an astronomer. [Obs.]

   2.  One  who practices astrology; one who professes to foretell events
   by the aspects and situation of the stars.

                                  Astrologian

   As`tro*lo"gi*an (#), n. [OF. astrologien.] An astrologer. [Obs.]

                           Astrologic, Astrological

   As`tro*log"ic  (#),  As`tro*log"ic*al (#), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to
   astrology;  professing  or practicing astrology. "Astrologi learning."
   Hudibras.     "Astrological     prognostication."     Cudworth.     --
   As`tro*log"ic*al*ly, adv. 

                                  Astrologize

   As*trol"o*gize  (#),  v.  t.  &  i. To apply astrology to; to study or
   practice astrology.

                                   Astrology

   As*trol"o*gy  (#), n. [F. astrologie, L. astrologia, fr. Gr. Star.] In
   its  etymological  signification,  the science of the stars; among the
   ancients,  synonymous with astronomy; subsequently, the art of judging
   of  the influences of the stars upon human affairs, and of foretelling
   events by their position and aspects.

     NOTE: &hand; As trology wa s mu ch in vogue during the Middle Ages,
     and  became  the  parent  of  modern  astronomy,  as alchemy did of
     chemistry. It was divided into two kinds: judicial astrology, which
     assumed  to  foretell the fate and acts of nations and individuals,
     and  natural  astrology,  which  undertook  to  predict  events  of
     inanimate nature, such as changes of the weather, etc.

                                  Astromantic

   As`tro*man"tic (#), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to divination by means of
   the stars; astrologic. [R.] Dr. H. More.

                               Astrometeorology

   As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gy   (#),   n.   [Astro-   +   meteorology.]  The
   investigation  of  the  relation between the sun, moon, and stars, and
   the    weather.    --    As`*tro*me`te*or`o*log"ic*al   (#),   a.   --
   As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gist (#), n.

                                  Astrometer

   As*trom"e*ter  (#),  n.  [Astro- + meter.] An instrument for comparing
   the relative amount of the light of stars.

                                  Astrometry

   As*trom"e*try (#), n. [Astro- + metry.] The art of making measurements
   among the stars, or of determining their relative magnitudes.

                                  Astronomer

   As*tron"o*mer (#), n. [See Astronomy.]

   1. An astrologer. [Obs.] Shak.

   2. One who is versed in astronomy; one who has a knowledge of the laws
   of  the  heavenly  orbs,  or the principles by which their motions are
   regulated, with their various phenomena.

     An undevout astronomer is mad. Young.

                                  Astronomian

   As`tro*no"mi*an  (#),  n.  [OE.  & OF. astronomien. See Astronomy.] An
   astrologer. [Obs.]

                                  Astronomic

   As`tro*nom"ic (#), a. Astronomical. <-- p. 95 -->

                                 Astronomical

   As`tro*nom"ic*al  (#),  a.  [L. astronomicus, Gr. astronomique.] Of or
   pertaining  to astronomy; in accordance with the methods or principles
   of  astronomy.  --  As`tro*nom"ic*al*ly,  adv. Astronomical clock. See
   under  Clock.  --  Astronomical  day.  See  under Day. -- Astronomical
   fractions, Astronomical numbers. See under Sexagesimal.

                                  Astronomize

   As*tron"o*mize, v. i. [Gr. To study or to talk astronomy. [R.]

     They astronomized in caves. Sir T. Browne.

                                   Astronomy

   As*tron"o*my  (#),  n.  [OE. astronomie, F. astronomie, L. astronomia,
   fr. Gr. Star, and Nomad.]

   1. Astrology. [Obs.]

     Not  from the stars do I my judgment pluck; And yet methinks I have
     astronomy. Shak.

   2.  The  science  which  treats  of  the  celestial  bodies,  of their
   magnitudes,  motions,  distances,  periods  of  revolution,  eclipses,
   constitution,  physical  condition, and of the causes of their various
   phenomena.

   3. A treatise on, or text-book of, the science.
   Physical astronomy. See under Physical.

                                   Astrophel

   As"tro*phel (#), n. See Astrofel. [Obs.]

                               Astrophotography

   As`tro*pho*tog"ra*phy  (#), n. [Astro- + photography.] The application
   of photography to the delineation of the sun, moon, and stars.

                                 Astrophysical

   As`tro*phys"ic*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining to the physics of astronomical
   science.

                                  Astrophyton

   As*troph"y*ton  (#),  n.  [Astro-  +  Gr. fyton a plant.] (Zo\'94l.) A
   genus of ophiurans having the arms much branched.

                                  Astroscope

   As"tro*scope (#), n. [Astro- + scope.] An old astronomical instrument,
   formed  of  two  cones,  on  whose  surface  the  constellations  were
   delineated.

                                  Astroscopy

   As*tros"co*py (#), n. Observation of the stars. [Obs.]

                                 Astrotheology

   As`tro*the*ol"*o*gy  (#),  n. [Astro- + theology.] Theology founded on
   observation or knowledge of the celestial bodies. Derham.

                                  Astructive

   A*struc"tive  (#), a. [L. astructus, p. p. of astruere to build up; ad
   +  struere  to  build.]  Building  up;  constructive;  --  opposed  to
   destructive. [Obs.]

                                    Astrut

   A*strut" (#), a. & adv.

   1.  Sticking  out,  or  puffed  out;  swelling;  in a swelling manner.
   [Archaic]

     Inflated and astrut with self-conceit. Cowper.

   2. In a strutting manner; with a strutting gait.

                                   Astucious

   As*tu"cious  (#),  a.  [F.  astucieux.  See  Astute.] Subtle; cunning;
   astute. [R.] Sir W. Scott. -- As*tu"cious*ly, adv. [R.]

                                   Astucity

   As*tu"ci*ty  (#),  n.  [See  Astucious.]  Craftiness; astuteness. [R.]
   Carlyle.

                                     Astun

   A*stun" (#), v. t. [See Astony, Stun.] To stun. [Obs.] "Breathless and
   astunned." Somerville.

                                   Asturian

   As*tu"ri*an  (#),  a.  Of  or pertaining to Asturias in Spain. -- n. A
   native of Asturias.

                                    Astute

   As*tute"  (#), a. [L. astutus, fr. astus craft, cunning; perh. cognate
   with  E.  acute.]  Critically  discerning;  sagacious; shrewd; subtle;
   crafty.    Syn.    --    Keen;   eagle-eyed;   penetrating;   skilled;
   discriminating;  cunning; sagacious; subtle; wily; crafty. As*tute"ly,
   adv. -- As*tute"ness, n.

                                    Astylar

   A*sty"lar (#), a. [Gr. (arch.) Without columns or pilasters. Weale.

                                   Astyllen

   A*styl"len  (#),  n.  (Mining)  A small dam to prevent free passage of
   water in an adit or level.

                                    Asunder

   A*sun"der  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a- + sunder.] Apart; separate from each
   other;  into parts; in two; separately; into or in different pieces or
   places.

     I took my staff, even Beauty, and cut it asunder. Zech. xi. 10.

     As wide asunder as pole and pole. Froude.

                                     Asura

   A*su"ra (#), n. (Hind. Myth.) An enemy of the gods, esp. one of a race
   of demons and giants.

                                    Aswail

   As"wail  (#),  n.  [Native  name.] (Zo\'94l.) The sloth bear (Melursus
   labiatus) of India.

                                    Asweve

   A*sweve"  (#),  v.  t.  [AS.  aswebban;  a  + swebban. See Sweven.] To
   stupefy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Aswing

   A*swing" (#), adv. In a state of swinging.

                                    Aswoon

   A*swoon" (#), adv. In a swoon. Chaucer.

                                   Aswooned

   A*swooned" (#), adv. In a swoon.

                                    Asylum

   A*sy"lum (#), n.; pl. E. Asylums (#), L. Asyla (#). [L. asylum, Gr.

   1.  A sanctuary or place of refuge and protection, where criminals and
   debtors found shelter, and from which they could not be forcibly taken
   without sacrilege.

     So  sacred  was  the  church  to  some, that it had the right of an
     asylum or sanctuary. Ayliffe.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e na me wa s an ciently gi ven to  temples, altars,
     statues  of  the  gods,  and  the  like.  In  later times Christian
     churches were regarded as asylums in the same sense.

   2. Any place of retreat and security.

     Earth  has  no  other  asylum  for  them  than  its own cold bosom.
     Southey.

   3.  An  institution  for  the  protection  or  relief of some class of
   destitute,  unfortunate,  or  afflicted persons; as, an asylum for the
   aged,  for  the  blind, or for the insane; a lunatic asylum; an orphan
   asylum.

                                  Asymmetral

   A*sym"me*tral  (#), a. Incommensurable; also, unsymmetrical. [Obs.] D.
   H. More.

                           Asymmetric, Asymmetrical

   As`ym*met"ric (#), As`ym*met"ri*cal (#), a. [See Asymmetrous.]

   1. Incommensurable. [Obs.]

   2.   Not   symmetrical;  wanting  proportion;  esp.,  not  bilaterally
   symmetrical. Huxley.

                                  Asymmetrous

   A*sym"me*trous (#), a. [Gr. Asymmetrical. [Obs.] Barrow.

                                   Asymmetry

   A*sym"me*try (#), n. [Gr.

   1.  Want of symmetry, or proportion between the parts of a thing, esp.
   want of bilateral symmetry.

   2. (Math.) Incommensurability. [Obs.] Barrow.

                                   Asymptote

   As"ymp*tote   (?;  215),  n.  [Gr.  Symptom.]  (Math.)  A  line  which
   approaches  nearer to some curve than assignable distance, but, though
   infinitely  extended,  would never meet it. Asymptotes may be straight
   lines or curves. A rectilinear asymptote may be conceived as a tangent
   to the curve at an infinite distance.

                                  Asynartete

   A*syn"ar*tete`  (#),  a. [Gr. Disconnected; not fitted or adjusted. --
   A*syn"ar*tet"ic  (#),  a.  Asynartete  verse  (Pros.),  a verse of two
   members,  having  different  rhythms;  as  when  the first consists of
   iambuses and the second of trochees.

                                   Asyndetic

   As`yn*det"ic  (#),  a.  [See  Asyndeton.]  Characterized by the use of
   asyndeton; not connected by conjunctions. -- As`yn*det"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                   Asyndeton

   A*syn"de*ton  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure which omits the
   connective;  as,  I  came,  I  saw,  I conquered. It stands opposed to
   polysyndeton.

                                   Asystole

   A*sys"to*le  (#),  n. [Pref. a- not + systole.] (Physiol.) A weakening
   or cessation of the contractile power of the heart.

                                  Asystolism

   A*sys"to*lism   (#),  n.  The  state  or  symptoms  characteristic  of
   asystole.

                                      At

   At (#), prep. [AS. \'91t; akin to OHG. az, Goth., OS., & Icel. at, Sw.
   \'86t,  Dan. & L. ad.] Primarily, this word expresses the relations of
   presence,  nearness  in place or time, or direction toward; as, at the
   ninth  hour;  at the house; to aim at a mark. It is less definite than
   in or on; at the house may be in or near the house. From this original
   import are derived all the various uses of at. It expresses: -

   1. A relation of proximity to, or of presence in or on, something; as,
   at  the door; at your shop; at home; at school; at hand; at sea and on
   land.

   2.  The  relation of some state or condition; as, at war; at peace; at
   ease; at your service; at fault; at liberty; at risk; at disadvantage.

   3.  The  relation  of some employment or action; occupied with; as, at
   engraving; at husbandry; at play; at work; at meat (eating); except at
   puns.

   4.  The  relation  of  a  point or position in a series, or of degree,
   rate, or value; as, with the thermometer at 80°; goods sold at a cheap
   price;  a  country  estimated at 10,000 square miles; life is short at
   the longest.

   5.  The  relations  of  time,  age,  or  order; as, at ten o'clock; at
   twenty-one; at once; at first.

   6.  The relations of source, occasion, reason, consequence, or effect;
   as,   at  the  sight;  at  this  news;  merry  at  anything;  at  this
   declaration;  at  his  command;  to demand, require, receive, deserve,
   endure at your hands.

   7.  Relation  of direction toward an object or end; as, look at it; to
   point  at  one; to aim at a mark; to throw, strike, shoot, wink, mock,
   laugh at any one.
   At all, At home, At large, At last, At length, At once, etc. See under
   All, Home, Large, Last (phrase and syn.), Length, Once, etc. -- At it,
   busily  or actively engaged. -- At least. See Least and However. -- At
   one.  See At one, in the Vocabulary. Syn. -- In, At. When reference to
   the  interior  of  any  place is made prominent in is used. It is used
   before  the  names of countries and cities (esp. large cities); as, we
   live  in  America,  in New York, in the South. At is commonly employed
   before  names of houses, institutions, villages, and small places; as,
   Milton  was  educated  at  Christ's  College;  money  taken  in at the
   Customhouse; I saw him at the jeweler's; we live at Beachville. At may
   be  used before the name of a city when it is regarded as a mere point
   of  locality.  "An English king was crowned at Paris." Macaulay. "Jean
   Jacques  Rousseau  was  born at Geneva, June, 28, 1712." J. Morley. In
   regard  to time, we say at the hour, on the day, in the year; as, at 9
   o'clock, on the morning of July 5th, in the year 1775.

                                    Atabal

   At"a*bal (#), n. [Sp. atabal, fr. Ar. at-tabl the drum, tabala to beat
   the  drum.  Cf.  Tymbal.]  A  kettledrum; a kind of tabor, used by the
   Moors. Croly.

                                   Atacamite

   A*tac"a*mite (#), n. [From the desert of Atacama, where found.] (Min.)
   An oxychloride of copper, usually in emerald-green prismatic crystals.

                                    Atafter

   At`aft"er (#), prep. After. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Ataghan

   At"a*ghan (#), n. See Yataghan.

                                     Atake

   A*take" (#), v. t. To overtake. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Ataman

   At"a*man  (#),  n.  [Russ.  ataman':  cf.  Pol.  hetman,  G. hauptmann
   headman, chieftain. Cf. Hetman.] A hetman, or chief of the Cossacks.

                               Ataraxia, Ataraxy

   At`a*rax"i*a  (#), At"a*rax`y (#), n. [NL. ataraxia, Gr. Perfect peace
   of mind, or calmness.

                                Ataunt, Ataunto

   A*taunt"  (#),  A*taunt"o (#), adv. [F. autant as much (as possible).]
   (Naut.)  Fully  rigged, as a vessel; with all sails set; set on end or
   set right.

                                    Atavic

   A*tav"ic  (#),  a. [Cf. F. atavique.] Pertaining to a remote ancestor,
   or to atavism.

                                    Atavism

   At"a*vism (#), n. [L. atavus an ancestor, fr. avus a grandfather.] (a)
   The recurrence, or a tendency to a recurrence, of the original type of
   a  species  in  the  progeny  of  its varieties; resemblance to remote
   rather  than  to  near  ancestors; reversion to the original form. (b)
   (Biol.) The recurrence of any peculiarity or disease of an ancestor in
   a  subsequent  generation,  after  an intermission for a generation or
   two.

     Now  and then there occur cases of what physiologists call atavism,
     or reversion to an ancestral type of character. J. Fiske

                                 Ataxia, Ataxy

   A*tax"i*a (#), At"ax*y (#), n. [NL. ataxia, Gr. ataxie.]

   1. Disorder; irregularity. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

   2.  (Med.)  (a)  Irregularity in disease, or in the functions. (b) The
   state  of  disorder  that characterizes nervous fevers and the nervous
   condition.
   Locomotor ataxia. See Locomotor.

                                    Ataxic

   A*tax"ic  (#),  a. [Cf. F. ataxique. See Ataxia.] (Med.) Characterized
   by ataxy, that is, (a) by great irregularity of functions or symptoms,
   or  (b)  by  a  want of coordinating power in movements. Ataxic fever,
   malignant typhus fever. Pinel.

                                    Atazir

   At`a*zir"  (#), n. [OF., fr. Ar. al-tas\'c6r influence.] (Astron.) The
   influence of a star upon other stars or upon men. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                      Ate

   Ate (?; 277), the preterit of Eat.

                                      Ate

   A"te  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Greek. Myth.) The goddess of mischievous folly;
   also, in later poets, the goddess of vengeance.

                                     -ate

   -ate  (#).  [From  the  L. suffix -atus, the past participle ending of
   verbs of the 1st conj.]

   1.  As  an  ending  of  participles  or  participial  adjectives it is
   equivalent to -ed; as, situate or situated; animate or animated.

   2.  As the ending of a verb, it means to make, to cause, to act, etc.;
   as, to propitiate (to make propitious); to animate (to give life to).

   3. As a noun suffix, it marks the agent; as, curate, delegate. It also
   sometimes marks the office or dignity; as, tribunate.

   4. In chemistry it is used to denote the salts formed from those acids
   whose  names end -ic (excepting binary or halogen acids); as, sulphate
   from sulphuric acid, nitrate from nitric acid, etc. It is also used in
   the case of certain basic salts.

                                   Atechnic

   A*tech"nic  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not + technic.] Without technical or
   artistic knowledge.

     Difficult to convey to the atechnic reader. Etching & Engr.

                                    Ateles

   At"e*les  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  A genus of American monkeys with
   prehensile  tails,  and  having  the thumb wanting or rudimentary. See
   Spider monkey, and Coaita.

                                    Atelier

   A`te*lier" (#) n. [F.] A workshop; a studio.

                                    Atellan

   A*tel"lan  (#),  a.  [L. Atellanus, fr. Atella, an ancient town of the
   Osci,  in Campania.] Of or pertaining to Atella, in ancient Italy; as,
   Atellan  plays;  farcical; ribald. -- n. A farcical drama performed at
   Atella.

                                  Athalamous

   A*thal"a*mous  (#),  a. [Gr. (Bot.) Not furnished with shields or beds
   for the spores, as the thallus of certain lichens.

                                   Athamaunt

   Ath"a*maunt (#), n. Adamant. [Obs.]

     Written in the table of athamaunt. Chaucer.

                                  Athanasian

   Ath`a*na"sian  (?;  277), a. Of or pertaining to Athanasius, bishop of
   Alexandria   in  the  4th  century.  Athanasian  creed,  a  formulary,
   confession,  or  exposition  of  faith, formerly supposed to have been
   drawn  up  by  Athanasius;  but  this opinion is now rejected, and the
   composition  is  ascribed  by  some  to  Hilary,  bishop of Arles (5th
   century). It is a summary of what was called the orthodox faith.

                                    Athanor

   Ath"a*nor  (#),  n.  [F.,  fr. Ar. at-tann\'d4r, fr. Heb. tann\'d4r an
   oven or furnace.] A digesting furnace, formerly used by alchemists. It
   was so constructed as to maintain uniform and durable heat. Chambers.

                                   Athecata

   Ath`e*ca"ta  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  A division of
   Hydroidea in which the zooids are naked, or not inclosed in a capsule.
   See Tubularian.

                                    Atheism

   A"the*ism (#), n. [Cf. F. ath\'82isme. See Atheist.]

   1.  The  disbelief  or  denial  of  the existence of a God, or supreme
   intelligent Being.

     Atheism  is  a  ferocious  system,  that leaves nothing above us to
     excite awe, nor around us to awaken tenderness. R. Hall.

     Atheism and pantheism are often wrongly confounded. Shipley.

   2. Godlessness.

                                    Atheist

   A"the*ist, n. [Gr. ath\'82iste.]

   1.  One  who  disbelieves or denies the existence of a God, or supreme
   intelligent Being.

   2. A godless person. [Obs.] Syn. -- Infidel; unbeliever.

     NOTE: See Infidel.

                            Atheistic, Atheistical

   A`the*is"tic (#), A`the*is"tic*al (#), a.

   1.  Pertaining  to,  implying,  or  containing, atheism; -- applied to
   things; as, atheistic doctrines, opinions, or books.

     Atheistical explications of natural effects. Barrow.

   2.  Disbelieving  the existence of a God; impious; godless; -- applied
   to  persons;  as,  an atheistic writer. -- A`the*is"tic*al*ly, adv. --
   A`the*is"tic*al*ness, n.

                                    Atheize

   A"the*ize (#), v. t. To render atheistic or godless. [R.]

     They endeavored to atheize one another. Berkeley.

                                    Atheize

   A"the*ize,  v.  i.  To discourse, argue, or act as an atheist. [R.] --
   A"the*i`zer (#), n. Cudworth. <-- p. 96 -->

                                   Atheling

   Ath"el*ing  (#),  n.  [AS. \'91 noble, fr. \'91 noble, akin to G. adel
   nobility,  edel  noble. The word \'91, E. ethel, is in many AS. proper
   names,  as  Ethelwolf,  noble  wolf; Ethelbald, noble bold; Ethelbert,
   noble  bright.]  An  Anglo-Saxon  prince  or  nobleman; esp., the heir
   apparent  or  a  prince of the royal family. [Written also Adeling and
   \'92theling.]

                             Atheneum, Athen\'91um

   Ath`e*ne"um,   Ath`e*n\'91"um  (#),  n.;  pl.  E.  Atheneums  (#),  L.
   Athen\'91a  (#).  [L.  Athenaemum,  Gr.  Minerva  by  the Romans), the
   tutelary goddess of Athens.]

   1  (Gr.  Antiq.)  A temple of Athene, at Athens, in which scholars and
   poets were accustomed to read their works and instruct students.

   2. A school founded at Rome by Hadrian.

   3. A literary or scientific association or club.

   4.  A  building  or  an  apartment  where  a library, periodicals, and
   newspapers are kept for use.

                                   Athenian

   A*the"ni*an  (#), a. [Cf. F. Ath\'82nien.] Of or pertaining to Athens,
   the metropolis of Greece. -- n. A native or citizen of Athens.

                                 Atheological

   A`the*o*log"ic*al (#), a. Opposed to theology; atheistic. Bp. Montagu.

                                   Atheology

   A`the*ol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Pref.  a-  not  +  theology.]  Antagonism to
   theology. Swift.

                                    Atheous

   A"the*ous (#), a. [Gr. Atheist.]

   1. Atheistic; impious. [Obs.] Milton.

   2. Without God, neither accepting nor denying him.

     I  should  say  science  was  atheous,  and  therefore could not be
     atheistic. Bp. of Carlisle.

                                   Atherine

   Ath"er*ine  (#),  n.  [NL. atherina, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A small marine
   fish  of  the  family Atherinid\'91, having a silvery stripe along the
   sides.  The European species (Atherina presbyter) is used as food. The
   American  species  (Menidia  notata)  is  called  silversides and sand
   smelt. See Silversides.

                                  Athermancy

   A*ther"man*cy   (#),  n.  [See  Athermanous.]  Inability  to  transmit
   radiant; impermeability to heat. Tyndall.

                                  Athermanous

   A*ther"ma*nous (#), a. [Gr. athermane.] (Chem.) Not transmitting heat;
   -- opposed to diathermanous.

                                   Athermous

   A*ther"mous (#), a. (Chem.) Athermanous.

                                   Atheroid

   Ath"er*oid (#), a. [Gr. -oid.] Shaped like an ear of grain.

                                   Atheroma

   Ath`e*ro"ma  (#),  n.  [L.,  fr.  Gr.  (Med.)  (a)  An  encysted tumor
   containing curdy matter. (b) A disease characterized by thickening and
   fatty degeneration of the inner coat of the arteries.

                                 Atheromatous

   Ath`e*rom"a*tous  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Of,  pertaining  to, or having the
   nature of, atheroma. Wiseman.

                                   Athetosis

   Ath`e*to"sis  (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A variety of chorea, marked
   by peculiar tremors of the fingers and toes.

                                    Athink

   A*think"  (#),  v.  t.  To  repent;  to  displease; to disgust. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                    Athirst

   A*thirst"  (#),  a.  [OE. ofthurst, AS. ofpyrsted, p. p. of ofpyrstan;
   pref. of-, intensive + pyrstan to thirst. See Thirst.]

   1. Wanting drink; thirsty.

   2.  Having  a  keen  appetite  or desire; eager; longing. "Athirst for
   battle." Cowper.

                                    Athlete

   Ath"lete (#), n. [L. athleta, Gr. wed: cf. F. athl\'8ate.]

   1.  (Antiq.)  One  who  contended  for  a prize in the public games of
   ancient Greece or Rome.

   2.  Any  one  trained to contend in exercises requiring great physical
   agility  and  strength;  one  who  has  great activity and strength; a
   champion.

   3.  One fitted for, or skilled in, intellectual contests; as, athletes
   of debate.

                                   Athletic

   Ath`let"ic (#), a. [L. athleticus, Gr. Athlete.]

   1. Of or pertaining to athletes or to the exercises practiced by them;
   as, athletic games or sports.

   2.  Befitting  an  athlete;  strong;  muscular;  robust; vigorous; as,
   athletic  Celts. "Athletic soundness." South. -- Ath*let"ic*al*ly (#),
   adv.

                                  Athleticism

   Ath*let"i*cism  (#),  n.  The  practice of engaging in athletic games;
   athletism.

                                   Athletics

   Ath*let"ics  (#),  n.  The  art of training by athletic exercises; the
   games and sports of athletes.

                                   Athletism

   Ath"le*tism  (#),  n.  The  state  or  practice  of  an  athlete;  the
   characteristics of an athlete.

                                    Athwart

   A*thwart" (#), prep. [Pref. a- + thwart.]

   1. Across; from side to side of.

     Athwart the thicket lone. Tennyson.

   2.  (Naut.)  Across  the  direction or course of; as, a fleet standing
   athwart our course.
   Athwart  hawse,  across the stem of another vessel, whether in contact
   or at a small distance. -- Athwart ships, across the ship from side to
   side, or in that direction; -- opposed to fore and aft.
   
                                    Athwart
                                       
   A*thwart",  adv.  1.  Across,  especially  in  an  oblique  direction;
   sidewise; obliquely. 

     Sometimes athwart, sometimes he strook him straight. Spenser.

   2. Across the course; so as to thwart; perversely.

     All  athwart  there  came A post from Wales loaden with heavy news.
     Shak.

                                     Atilt

   A*tilt" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + tilt.]

   1.  In the manner of a tilter; in the position, or with the action, of
   one making a thrust. "To run atilt at men." Hudibras.

   2. In the position of a cask tilted, or with one end raised.

     NOTE: [In this sense sometimes used as an adjective.]

     Abroach, atilt, and run Even to the lees of honor. Beau. & Fl.

                                     Atimy

   At"i*my  (#),  n. [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) Public disgrace or stigma; infamy;
   loss of civil rights. Mitford.

                                    -ation

   -a"tion  (#).  [L.  -ationem.  See  -tion.]  A suffix forming nouns of
   action,  and  often  equivalent  to the verbal substantive in -ing. It
   sometimes  has  the  further meanings of state, and that which results
   from  the  action.  Many  of  these  nouns  have  verbs  in  -ate; as,
   alliterate  -ation,  narrate  -ation;  many  are  derived  through the
   French;  as,  alteration,  visitation;  and  many  are formed on verbs
   ending  in  the  Greek  formative  -ize  (Fr. -ise); as, civilization,
   demoralization.

                                   A-tiptoe

   A-tip"toe (#), adv. On tiptoe; eagerly expecting.

     We all feel a-tiptoe with hope and confidence. F. Harrison.

                                    Atlanta

   At*lan"ta  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small glassy
   heteropod  mollusks  found  swimming  at the surface in mid ocean. See
   Heteropod.

                                   Atlantal

   At*lan"tal  (#),  a.  (Anat.) (a) Relating to the atlas. (b) Anterior;
   cephalic. Barclay.

                                   Atlantean

   At`lan*te"an (#), a. [L. Atlant.]

   1.  Of  or  pertaining to the isle Atlantis, which the ancients allege
   was sunk, and overwhelmed by the ocean.

   2. Pertaining to, or resembling, Atlas; strong.

     With  Atlantean  shoulders,  fit  to  bear  The weight of mightiest
     monarchies. Milton.

                                   Atlantes

   At*lan"tes  (#),  n.  pl. [L., fr. Gr. Atlas.] (Arch.) Figures or half
   figures  of  men, used as columns to support an entablature; -- called
   also telamones. See Caryatides. Oxf. Gloss.

                                   Atlantic

   At*lan"tic (#), a. [L. Atlanticus, fr. Atlas. See Atlas and Atlantes.]

   1.  Of  or  pertaining to Mt. Atlas in Libya, and hence applied to the
   ocean  which lies between Europe and Africa on the east and America on
   the  west;  as,  the  Atlantic  Ocean  (called also the Atlantic); the
   Atlantic basin; the Atlantic telegraph.

   2. Of or pertaining to the isle of Atlantis.

   3. Descended from Atlas.

     The seven Atlantic sisters. Milton.

                                  Atlantides

   At*lan"ti*des  (#),  n.  pl.  [L. See Atlantes.] The Pleiades or seven
   stars, fabled to have been the daughters of Atlas.

                                     Atlas

   At"las  (#),  n.; pl. Atlases (#). [L. Atlas, -antis, Gr. Atlas, in W.
   Africa,  regarded  as  the  pillar  of  heaven. It is from the root of
   Tolerate.]

   1. One who sustains a great burden.

   2.  (Anat.)  The  first vertebra of the neck, articulating immediately
   with  the  skull,  thus  sustaining  the globe of the head, whence the
   name.

   3. A collection of maps in a volume; --

     NOTE: supposed to  be  so called from a picture of Atlas supporting
     the  world, prefixed to some collections. This name is said to have
     been first used by Mercator, the celebrated geographer, in the 16th
     century.

     NOTE: 4. A volume of plates illustrating any subject.

     5.  A  work  in  which  subjects are exhibited in a tabular from or
     arrangement; as, an historical atlas.

     6.  A  large,  square folio, resembling a volume of maps; -- called
     also atlas folio.

     7. A drawing paper of large size. See under Paper, n.

   Atlas  powder,  a nitroglycerin blasting compound of pasty consistency
   and great explosive power.

                                     Atlas

   At"las,  n. [Ar., smooth.] A rich kind of satin manufactured in India.
   Brande & C.

                                  Atmidometer

   At`mi*dom"e*ter  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -meter;  cf.  F.  atmidom\'8atre.] An
   instrument  for  measuring  the  evaporation from water, ice, or snow.
   Brande & C.

                                     Atmo

   At"mo   (#),  n.  [Contr.  fr.  atmosphere.]  (Physics)  The  standard
   atmospheric   pressure   used   in   certain   physical   measurements
   calculations;  conventionally, that pressure under which the barometer
   stands  at  760 millimeters, at a temperature of 0° Centigrade, at the
   level of the sea, and in the latitude of Paris. Sir W. Thomson.

                            Atmologic, Atmological

   At`mo*log"ic   (#),  At`mo*log"ic*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to
   atmology. "Atmological laws of heat." Whewell.

                                  Atmologist

   At*mol"o*gist (#), n. One who is versed in atmology.

                                   Atmology

   At*mol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -logy.]  (Physics) That branch of science
   which treats of the laws and phenomena of aqueous vapor. Whewell.

                                   Atmolysis

   At*mol"y*sis  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Chem.) The act or process of separating
   mingled  gases of unequal diffusibility by transmission through porous
   substances.

                                 Atmolyzation

   At`mol*y*za"tion, n. (Chem.) Separation by atmolysis.

                                   Atmolyze

   At"mo*lyze  (#), v. t. (Chem.) To subject to atmolysis; to separate by
   atmolysis.

                                   Atmolyzer

   At"mo*ly`zer (#), n. (Chem.) An apparatus for effecting atmolysis.

                                   Atmometer

   At*mom"e*ter  (#), n. [Gr. -meter: cf. F. atmom\'8atre.] An instrument
   for  measuring  the  rate  of  evaporation  from  a  moist surface; an
   evaporometer. Huxley.

                                  Atmosphere

   At"mos*phere  (#),  n.  [Gr. \'betman breath, soul, G. athem breath) +
   atmosph\'8are. See Sphere.]

   1.  (Physics)  (a) The whole mass of a\'89riform fluid surrounding the
   earth;  --  applied also to the gaseous envelope of any celestial orb,
   or other body; as, the atmosphere of Mars. (b) Any gaseous envelope or
   medium.

     An atmosphere of cold oxygen. Miller.

   2. A supposed medium around various bodies; as, electrical atmosphere,
   a medium formerly supposed to surround electrical bodies. Franklin.

   3.  The  pressure  or weight of the air at the sea level, on a unit of
   surface, or about 14.7 Ibs. to the sq. inch.

     Hydrogen  was  liquefied  under  a  pressure  of  650  atmospheres.
     Lubbock.

   4. Any surrounding or pervading influence or condition.

     The chillest of social atmospheres. Hawthorne.

   5.  The  portion  of  air  in  any  locality, or affected by a special
   physical  or  sanitary  condition;  as,  the atmosphere of the room; a
   moist or noxious atmosphere.

                          Atmospheric, Atmospherical

   At`mos*pher"ic    (#),    At`mos*pher"ic*al    (#),    a.    [Cf.   F.
   atmosph\'82rique.]

   1.  Of  or  pertaining  to  the  atmosphere;  of  the  nature  of,  or
   resembling,  the  atmosphere;  as,  atmospheric  air;  the atmospheric
   envelope of the earth.

   2. Existing in the atmosphere.

     The lower atmospheric current. Darwin.

   3.  Caused,  or  operated  on,  by  the atmosphere; as, an atmospheric
   effect; an atmospheric engine.

   4. Dependent on the atmosphere. [R.]

     In am so atmospherical a creature. Pope.

   Atmospheric  engine,  a  steam  engine  whose  piston  descends by the
   pressure  of  the  atmosphere,  when  the  steam  which  raised  it is
   condensed  within  the cylinder. Tomlinson. -- Atmospheric line (Steam
   Engin.),  the equilibrium line of an indicator card. Steam is expanded
   "down  to  the  atmosphere"  when its pressure is equal to that of the
   atmosphere.   (See  Indicator  card.)  --  Atmospheric  pressure,  the
   pressure exerted by the atmosphere, not merely downwards, but in every
   direction.  In  amounts  to  about  14.7  Ibs. on each square inch. --
   Atmospheric  railway,  one  in  which  pneumatic  power, obtained from
   compressed  air  or the creation of a vacuum, is the propelling force.
   -- Atmospheric tides. See under Tide.

                                Atmospherically

   At`mos*pher"ic*al*ly (#), adv. In relation to the atmosphere.

                                Atmospherology

   At`mos*phe*rol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Atmosphere  + -logy.] The science or a
   treatise on the atmosphere.

                                    Atokous

   At"o*kous  (#), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Producing only asexual individuals,
   as the eggs of certain annelids.

                                     Atoll

   A*toll"  (#), n. [The native name in the Indian Ocean.] A coral island
   or  islands,  consisting  of  a  belt of coral reef, partly submerged,
   surrounding a central lagoon or depression; a lagoon island.

                                     Atom

   At"om (#), n. [L. atomus, Gr. atome. See Tome.]

   1.  (Physics)  (a)  An ultimate indivisible particle of matter. (b) An
   ultimate  particle  of matter not necessarily indivisible; a molecule.
   (c)  A  constituent  particle  of matter, or a molecule supposed to be
   made up of subordinate particles.

     NOTE: &hand; Th ese three definitions correspond to different views
     of  the  nature of the ultimate particles of matter. In the case of
     the last two, the particles are more correctly called molecules.

   Dana.

   2.  (Chem.)  The  smallest  particle  of  matter  that  can enter into
   combination; one of the elementary constituents of a molecule.

   3. Anything extremely small; a particle; a whit.

     There was not an atom of water. Sir J. Ross.

                                     Atom

   At"om, v. t. To reduce to atoms. [Obs.] Feltham.

                               Atomic, Atomical

   A*tom"ic (#), A*tom"ic*al (#), a. [Cf. F. atomique.]

   1. Of or pertaining to atoms.

   2. Extremely minute; tiny.
   Atomic  philosophy, or Doctrine of atoms, a system which assuming that
   atoms are endued with gravity and motion accounted thus for the origin
   and  formation  of  all  things. This philosophy was first broached by
   Leucippus,  was  developed  by  Democritus,  and afterward improved by
   Epicurus, and hence is sometimes denominated the Epicurean philosophy.
   --  Atomic  theory,  or  the Doctrine of definite proportions (Chem.),
   teaches  that  chemical  combinations  take place between the supposed
   ultimate particles or atoms of bodies, in some simple ratio, as of one
   to  one,  two  to  three,  or  some other, always expressible in whole
   numbers.  --  Atomic  weight  (Chem.),  the  weight  of the atom of an
   element  as compared with the weight of the atom of hydrogen, taken as
   a standard.
   
                                  Atomically
                                       
   A*tom"ic*al*ly,  adv.  In  an  atomic  manner;  in accordance with the
   atomic philosophy. 

                                   Atomician

   At`o*mi"cian (#), n. An atomist. [R.]

                                   Atomicism

   A*tom"i*cism (#), n. Atomism. [Obs.]

                                   Atomicity

   At`o*mic"i*ty  (#), n. [Cf. F. atomicit\'82.] (Chem.) Degree of atomic
   attraction;  equivalence;  valence;  also  (a later use) the number of
   atoms in an elementary molecule. See Valence.

                                    Atomism

   At"om*ism (#), n. [Cf. F. atomisme.] The doctrine of atoms. See Atomic
   philosophy, under Atomic.

                                    Atomist

   At"om*ist,  n.  [Cf.  F.  atomiste.]  One  who  holds  to  the  atomic
   philosophy or theory. Locke.

                                   Atomistic

   At`om*is"tic  (#),  a. Of or pertaining to atoms; relating to atomism.
   [R.]

     It is the object of the mechanical atomistic philosophy to confound
     synthesis with synartesis. Coleridge.

                                  Atomization

   At`om*i*za"tion, n.

   1.  The  act  of  reducing  to atoms, or very minute particles; or the
   state of being so reduced.

   2. (Med.) The reduction of fluids into fine spray.

                                    Atomize

   At"om*ize, v. t. To reduce to atoms, or to fine spray.

     The  liquids  in  the  form  of  spray  are  said to be pulverized,
     nebulized, or atomized. Dunglison.

   <-- p. 97 -->

                                   Atomizer

   At"om*i`zer,  n. One who, or that which, atomizes; esp., an instrument
   for   reducing  a  liquid  to  spray  for  disinfecting,  cooling,  or
   perfuming.

                                   Atomology

   At`om*ol"o*gy (#), n. [Atom + -logy.] The doctrine of atoms. Cudworth.

                                     Atomy

   At"om*y (#), n. An atom; a mite; a pigmy.

                                     Atomy

   At"o*my  (#),  n.  [For  anatomy,  taken  as  an  atomy.]  A skeleton.
   [Ludicrous] Shak.

                                   Atonable

   A*ton"a*ble  (#),  a.  Admitting an atonement; capable of being atoned
   for; expiable.

                                    At one

   At one" (#). [OE. at on, atone, atoon, attone.]

   1.  In  concord  or friendship; in agreement (with each other); as, to
   be,  bring,  make,  or  set,  at one, i. e., to be or bring in or to a
   state of agreement or reconciliation.

     If  gentil  men,  or  othere  of hir contree Were wrothe, she wolde
     bringen hem atoon. Chaucer.

   2. Of the same opinion; agreed; as, on these points we are at one.

   3. Together. [Obs.] Spenser.

     He  and  Aufidius  can  no  more atone Than violentest contrariety.
     Shak.

   2.  To  stand  as  an equivalent; to make reparation, compensation, or
   amends, for an offense or a crime.

     The murderer fell, and blood atoned for blood. Pope.

     The  ministry  not  atoning for their former conduct by any wise or
     popular measure. Junius.

                                     Atone

   A*tone", v. t.

   1.  To  set  at one; to reduce to concord; to reconcile, as parties at
   variance; to appease. [Obs.]

     I would do much To atone them, for the love I bear to Cassio. Shak.

   2. To unite in making. [Obs. & R.]

     The four elements . . . have atoned A noble league. Ford.

   3. To make satisfaction for; to expiate.

     Or each atone his guilty love with life. Pope.

                                   Atonement

   A*tone"ment (#), n.

   1.  (Literally,  a  setting  at  one.)  Reconciliation; restoration of
   friendly relations; agreement; concord. [Archaic]

     By whom we have now received the atonement. Rom. v. 11.

     He  desires  to  make  atonement Betwixt the Duke of Gloucester and
     your brothers. Shak.

   2.  Satisfaction  or  reparation  made  by giving an equivalent for an
   injury,  or  by  doing  of  suffering  that  which will be received in
   satisfaction for an offense or injury; expiation; amends; -- with for.
   Specifically, in theology: The expiation of sin made by the obedience,
   personal suffering, and death of Christ.

     When  a  man has been guilty of any vice, the best atonement be can
     make for it is, to warn others. Spectator.

     The  Phocians  behaved  with,  so  much  gallantry,  that they were
     thought  to  have  made  a  sufficient  atonement  for their former
     offense. Potter.

                                    Atoner

   A*ton"er (#), n. One who makes atonement.

                                    Atones

   At*ones (#), adv. [See At one.] [Obs.]

     Down he fell atones as a stone. Chaucer.

                                    Atonic

   A*ton"ic (#), a. [Cf. F. atonique. See Atony.]

   1.  (Med.)  Characterized  by  atony,  or want of vital energy; as, an
   atonic disease.

   2. (Gram.) Unaccented; as, an atonic syllable.

   3. Destitute of tone vocality; surd. Rush.

                                    Atonic

   A*ton"ic, n.

   1. (Gram.) A word that has no accent.

   2. An element of speech entirely destitute of vocality, or produced by
   the breath alone; a nonvocal or surd consonant; a breathing. Rush.

   3.   (Med.)  A  remedy  capable  of  allaying  organic  excitement  or
   irritation. Dunglison.

                                     Atony

   At"o*ny  (#),  n.  [Gr.  atonie.] (Med.) Want of tone; weakness of the
   system, or of any organ, especially of such as are contractile.

                                     Atop

   A*top" (#), adv. On or at the top. Milton.

                          Atrabilarian, Atrabilarious

   At`ra*bi*la"ri*an  (#),  At`ra*bi*la"ri*ous (#), a. [LL. atrabilarius,
   fr.  L.  atra  bilis  black  bile:  cf. F. atrabilaire, fr. atrabile.]
   Affected with melancholy; atrabilious. Arbuthnot.

                                 Atrabilarian

   At`ra*bi*la"ri*an,   n.   A   person   much  given  to  melancholy;  a
   hypochondriac. I. Disraeli.

                                  Atrabiliar

   At`ra*bil"iar (#), a. Melancholy; atrabilious.

                                  Atrabiliary

   At`ra*bil"ia*ry (#), a.

   1.  Of  or  pertaining  to  atra bilis or black bile, a fluid formerly
   supposed to be produced by the kidneys.

   2.  Melancholic  or  hypohondriac;  atrabilious;  -- from the supposed
   predominance  of  black  bile,  to the influence of which the ancients
   attributed hypochondria, melancholy, and mania.
   Atrabiliary arteries, capsules, and veins (Anat.), those pertaining to
   the kidney; -- called also renal arteries, capsules, and veins.
   
                                  Atrabilious
                                       
   At`ra*bil"ious  (#),  a.  Melancholic  or  hypochondriac; atrabiliary.
   Dunglision. 

     A hard-faced, atrabilious, earnest-eyed race. Lowell.

     He was constitutionally atrabilious and scornful. Froude.

                                Atramentaceous

   At`ra*men*ta"ceous (#), a. [L. atramentum ink, fr. ater black.] Black,
   like ink; inky; atramental. [Obs.] Derham.

                            Atramental, Atramentous

   At`ra*men"tal  (#),  At`ra*men"tous  (#),  a. Of or pertaining to ink;
   inky; black, like ink; as, atramental galls; atramentous spots.

                                Atramentarious

   At`ra*men*ta"ri*ous (#), a. [Cf. F. atramentaire. See Atramentaceous.]
   Like  ink;  suitable for making ink. Sulphate of iron (copperas, green
   vitriol) is called atramentarious, as being used in making ink.

                                    Atrede

   At*rede  (#),  v.  t.  [OE.  at (AS. \'91t) out + rede.] To surpass in
   council. [Obs.]

     Men may the olde atrenne, but hat atrede. Chaucer.

                                    Atrenne

   At*renne"  (#),  v.  t.  [OE.  at  +  renne to run.] To outrun. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                    Atresia

   A*tre"si*a  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Med.)  Absence or closure of a
   natural passage or channel of the body; imperforation.

                                    Atrial

   A"tri*al, a. Of or pertaining to an atrium.

                                     Atrip

   A*trip"  (#),  adv.  [Pref. a- + trip.] (Naut.) (a) Just hove clear of
   the ground; -said of the anchor. (b) Sheeted home, hoisted taut up and
   ready  for  trimming; -- said of sails. (c) Hoisted up and ready to be
   swayed across; -- said of yards.

                                    Atrium

   A"tri*um  (#),  n.;  pl.  Atria  (#).  [L.,  the fore court of a Roman
   house.]

   1. (Arch.) (a) A square hall lighted from above, into which rooms open
   at  one  or  more  levels.  (b)  An open court with a porch or gallery
   around  three  or more sides; especially at the entrance of a basilica
   or  other church. The name was extended in the Middle Ages to the open
   churchyard or cemetery.

   2.  (Anat.)  The  main part of either auricle of the heart as distinct
   from  the auricular appendix. Also, the whole articular portion of the
   heart.

   3.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  cavity  in  ascidians  into which the intestine and
   generative  ducts  open,  and  which  also receives the water from the
   gills. See Ascidioidea.

                                    Atrocha

   At`ro*cha (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of ch\'91topod larva
   in which no circles of cilia are developed.

                                   Atrocious

   A*tro"cious (#), a. [L. atrox, atrocis, cruel, fierce: cf. F. atroce.]

   1. Extremely heinous; full of enormous wickedness; as, atrocious quilt
   or deeds.

   2. Characterized by, or expressing, great atrocity, great atrocity.

     Revelations  .  . . so atrocious that nothing in history approaches
     them. De Quincey.

   3.  Very  grievous  or  violent;  terrible;  as, atrocious distempers.
   [Obs.]  Cheyne.  Syn.  --  Atrocious, Flagitious, Flagrant. Flagitious
   points  to  an  act  as  grossly  wicked  and  vile;  as, a flagitious
   proposal.  Flagrant  marks  the vivid impression made upon the mind by
   something    strikingly   wrong   or   erroneous;   as,   a   flagrant
   misrepresentation;  a flagrant violation of duty. Atrocious represents
   the  act  as  springing  from  a  violent  and  savage spirit. If Lord
   Chatham, instead of saying "the atrocious crime of being a young man,"
   had  used either of the other two words, his irony would have lost all
   its  point, in his celebrated reply to Sir Robert Walpole, as reported
   by Dr. Johnson. -- A*tro"cious*ly, adv. -- A*tro"cious*ness, n.

                                   Atrocity

   A*troc"i*ty   (#),   n.;  pl.  Atrocities  (#).  [F.  atrocit\'82,  L.
   atrocitas, fr. atrox, atrocis, cruel.]

   1. Enormous wickedness; extreme heinousness or cruelty.

   2. An atrocious or extremely cruel deed.

     The atrocities which attend a victory. Macaulay.

                                   Atrophic

   A*troph"ic, a. Relating to atrophy.

                                   Atrophied

   At"ro*phied  (#),  p.  a. Affected with atrophy, as a tissue or organ;
   arrested in development at a very early stage; rudimentary.

                                    Atrophy

   At"ro*phy  (#),  n.  [L.  atrophia, Gr. atrophie.] A wasting away from
   want of nourishment; diminution in bulk or slow emaciation of the body
   or of any part. Milton.

                                    Atrophy

   At"ro*phy,  v.  t.  [p.  p.  Atrophied (#).] To cause to waste away or
   become abortive; to starve or weaken.

                                    Atrophy

   At"ro*phy, v. i. To waste away; to dwindle.

                                    Atropia

   A*tro"pi*a (#), n. Same as Atropine.

                                   Atropine

   At"ro*pine  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Chem.) A poisonous, white, crystallizable
   alkaloid,  extracted from the Atropa belladonna, or deadly nightshade,
   and  the  Datura  Stramonium, or thorn apple. It is remarkable for its
   power in dilating the pupil of the eye. Called also daturine.

                                   Atropism

   At"ro*pism  (#),  n. (Med.) A condition of the system produced by long
   use of belladonna.

                                   Atropous

   At"ro*pous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Not inverted; orthotropous.

                                    Atrous

   A"trous (#), a. [L. ater.] Coal-black; very black.

                                    Atrypa

   A*try"pa   (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Paleon.)  A  extinct  genus  of
   Branchiopoda, very common in Silurian limestones.

                                    Attabal

   At"ta*bal (#), n. See Atabal.

                                    Attacca

   At*tac"ca  (#).  [It., fr. attaccare to tie, bind. See Attach.] (Mus.)
   Attack  at  once; -- a direction at the end of a movement to show that
   the next is to follow immediately, without any pause.

                                    Attach

   At*tach"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Attached (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attaching.]  [OF.  atachier,  F. attacher, to tie or fasten: cf. Celt.
   tac, tach, nail, E. tack a small nail, tack to fasten. Cf. Attack, and
   see Tack.]

   1.  To  bind,  fasten,  tie,  or connect; to make fast or join; as, to
   attach one thing to another by a string, by glue, or the like.

     The shoulder blade is . . . attached only to the muscles. Paley.

     A huge stone to which the cable was attached. Macaulay.

   2.  To  connect;  to place so as to belong; to assign by authority; to
   appoint; as, an officer is attached to a certain regiment, company, or
   ship.

   3.  To  win the heart of; to connect by ties of love or self-interest;
   to  attract;  to  fasten  or  bind by moral influence; -- with to; as,
   attached to a friend; attaching others to us by wealth or flattery.

     Incapable of attaching a sensible man. Miss Austen.

     God . . . by various ties attaches man to man. Cowper.

   4.  To  connect,  in  a  figurative sense; to ascribe or attribute; to
   affix;  --  with  to;  as,  to attach great importance to a particular
   circumstance.

     Top this treasure a curse is attached. Bayard Taylor.

   5. To take, seize, or lay hold of. [Obs.] Shak.

   6. To take by legal authority: (a) To arrest by writ, and bring before
   a  court,  as  to  answer  for  a debt, or a contempt; -- applied to a
   taking of the person by a civil process; being now rarely used for the
   arrest  of  a criminal. (b) To seize or take (goods or real estate) by
   virtue  of  a  writ  or precept to hold the same to satisfy a judgment
   which may be rendered in the suit. See Attachment, 4.

     The earl marshal attached Gloucester for high treason. Miss Yonge.

   Attached  column  (Arch.),  a column engaged in a wall, so that only a
   part  of  its  circumference projects from it. Syn. -- To affix; bind;
   tie; fasten; connect; conjoin; subjoin; annex; append; win; gain over;
   conciliate.

                                    Attach

   At*tach" (#), v. i.

   1. To adhere; to be attached.

     The  great  interest  which attaches to the mere knowledge of these
     facts cannot be doubted. Brougham.

   2.  To come into legal operation in connection with anything; to vest;
   as, dower will attach. Cooley.

                                    Attach

   At*tach", n. An attachment. [Obs.] Pope.

                                  Attachable

   At*tach"a*ble  (#),  a.  Capable of being attached; esp., liable to be
   taken by writ or precept.

                                  Attach\'82

   At`ta*ch\'82"  (#),  n. [F., p. p. of attacher. See Attach, v. t.] One
   attached  to  another  person or thing, as a part of a suite or staff.
   Specifically: One attached to an embassy.

                                  Attachment

   At*tach"ment (#), n. [F. attachment.]

   1.  The  act attaching, or state of being attached; close adherence or
   affection;  fidelity; regard; anas, an attachment to a friend, or to a
   party.

   2.  That by which one thing is attached to another; connection; as, to
   cut the attachments of a muscle.

     The  human  mind  . . . has exhausted its forces in the endeavor to
     rend  the  supernatural  from  its  attachment  to this history. I.
     Taylor.

   3.  Something  attached;  some  adjunct  attached  to  an  instrument,
   machine,  or  other  object; as, a sewing machine attachment (i. e., a
   device  attached  to a sewing machine to enable it to do special work,
   as tucking, etc.).

   4.  (Giv.  Law)  (a)  A  seizure or taking into custody by virtue of a
   legal  process.  (b)  The  writ  or percept commanding such seizure or
   taking.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm is applied to a seizure or taking either of
     persons  or property. In the serving of process in a civil suit, it
     is  most  generally  applied  to the taking of property, whether at
     common  law,  as  a  species  of  distress,  to  compel defendant's
     appearance,  or  under  local statutes, to satisfy the judgment the
     plaintiff  may  recover  in  the  action.  The terms attachment and
     arrest  are  both  applied  to  the  taking  or  apprehension  of a
     defendant  to  compel  an appearance in a civil action. Attachments
     are  issued  at  common  law  and  in chancery, against persons for
     contempt of court. In England, attachment is employed in some cases
     where  capias  is with us, as against a witness who fails to appear
     on  summons. In some of the New England States a writ of attachment
     is  a  species  of  mesne  process  upon  which  the  property of a
     defendant  may  be  seized at the commencement of a suit and before
     summons  to  him,  and  may  be  held  to  satisfy the judgment the
     plaintiff  may  recover.  In  other States this writ can issue only
     against  absconding  debtors  and those who conceal themselves. See
     Foreign, Garnishment, Trustee process.

   Bouvier.  Burrill.  Blackstone.  Syn.  --  Attachment,  Affection. The
   leading  idea  of  affection  is  that  of  warmth and tenderness; the
   leading  idea  of  attachment is that of being bound to some object by
   strong  and lasting ties. There is more of sentiment (and sometimes of
   romance) in affection, and more of principle in preserving attachment.
   We speak of the ardor of the one, and the fidelity of the other. There
   is  another distinction in the use and application of these words. The
   term attachment is applied to a wider range of objects than affection.
   A  man may have a strong attachment to his country, to his profession,
   to  his principles, and even to favorite places; in respect to none of
   these could we use the word affection.

                                    Attack

   At*tack"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Attacked (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attacking.]  [F.  attaquer,  orig. another form of attacher to attack:
   cf. It. attacare to fasten, attack. See Attach, Tack a small nail.]

   1.  To  fall  upon  with  force; to assail, as with force and arms; to
   assault. "Attack their lines." Dryden.

   2. To assail with unfriendly speech or writing; to begin a controversy
   with; to attempt to overthrow or bring into disrepute, by criticism or
   satire;  to  censure;  as,  to  attack  a  man,  or his opinions, in a
   pamphlet.

   3.  To  set to work upon, as upon a task or problem, or some object of
   labor or investigation.

   4.  To  begin  to  affect;  to  begin  to  act  upon,  injuriously  or
   destructively; to begin to decompose or waste.

     On the fourth of March he was attacked by fever. Macaulay.

     Hydrofluoric acid . . . attacks the glass. B. Stewart.

   Syn.  --  To Attack, Assail, Assault, Invade. These words all denote a
   violent  onset; attack being the generic term, and the others specific
   forms  of  attack. To attack is to commence the onset; to assail is to
   make  a  sudden  and  violent  attack, or to make repeated attacks; to
   assault  (literally,  to  leap  upon)  is  to  attack  physically by a
   had-to-hand  approach or by unlawful and insulting violence; to invade
   is  to  enter  by force on what belongs to another. Thus, a person may
   attack  by  offering  violence  of any kind; he may assail by means of
   missile  weapons;  he  may assault by direct personal violence; a king
   may  invade  by  marching an army into a country. Figuratively, we may
   say,  men  attack  with  argument or satire; they assail with abuse or
   reproaches; they may be assaulted by severe temptations; the rights of
   the people may be invaded by the encroachments of the crown.

                                    Attack

   At*tack", v. i. To make an onset or attack.

                                    Attack

   At*tack", n. [Cf. F. attaque.]

   1.  The  act  of  attacking,  or falling on with force or violence; an
   onset; an assault; -- opposed to defense.

   2.  An  assault  upon  one's feelings or reputation with unfriendly or
   bitter words.

   3. A setting to work upon some task, etc.

   4. An access of disease; a fit of sickness.

   5.  The beginning of corrosive, decomposing, or destructive action, by
   a chemical agent.

                                  Attackable

   At*tack"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being attacked.

                                   Attacker

   At*tack"er (#), n. One who attacks.

                               Attagas, Attagen

   At"ta*gas  (#),  At"ta*gen  (#),  n.  [L.  attagen a kind of bird, Gr.
   (Zo\'94l.)  A  species  of sand grouse (Syrrghaptes Pallasii) found in
   Asia and rarely in southern Europe. <-- p. 98 -->

                                   Attaghan

   At"ta*ghan (#), n. See Yataghan.

                                    Attain

   At*tain"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Attained (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attaining.]  [Of.  atteinen,  atteignen,  , OF. ateindre, ataindre, F.
   atteindre,  fr.  L.  attingere;  ad  +  tangere  to  touch, reach. See
   Tangent, and cf. Attinge, Attaint.]

   1. To achieve or accomplish, that is, to reach by efforts; to gain; to
   compass; as, to attain rest.

     Is  he  wise  who  hopes  to attain the end without the means? Abp.
     Tillotson.

   2.  To gain or obtain possession of; to acquire. [Obs. with a material
   object.] Chaucer.

   3. To get at the knowledge of; to ascertain. [Obs.]

     Not well attaining his meaning. Fuller.

   4.  To  reach  or  come  to,  by  progression or motion; to arrive at.
   "Canaan he now attains." Milton.

   5. To overtake. [Obs.] Bacon.

   6.  To  reach  in  excellence  or degree; to equal. Syn. -- To Attain,
   Obtain,  Procure.  Attain  always  implies an effort toward an object.
   Hence  it  is  not  synonymous  with  obtain and procure, which do not
   necessarily  imply such effort or motion. We procure or obtain a thing
   by  purchase  or  loan,  and  we  obtain by inheritance, but we do not
   attain it by such means.

                                    Attain

   At*tain", v. i.

   1.  To  come or arrive, by motion, growth, bodily exertion, or efforts
   toward a place, object, state, etc.; to reach.

     If by any means they might attain to Phenice. Acts xxvii. 12.

     Nor nearer might the dogs attain. Sir W. Scott.

     To see your trees attain to the dignity of timber. Cowper.

     Few  boroughs  had  as  yet  attained  to power such as this. J. R.
     Green.

   2. To come or arrive, by an effort of mind.

     Such  knowledge  is  too  wonderful  for  me; it is high, I can not
     attain unto it. Ps. cxxxix. 6.

                                    Attain

   At*tain", n. Attainment. [Obs.]

                                 Attainability

   At*tain`a*bil"i*ty   (#),   n.   The   quality  of  being  attainable;
   attainbleness.

                                  Attainable

   At*tain"a*ble (#), a.

   1.  Capable  of  being  attained  or reached by efforts of the mind or
   body;  capable  of being compassed or accomplished by efforts directed
   to the object.

     The highest pitch of perfection attainable in this life. Addison.

   2. Obtainable. [Obs.]

     General  Howe  would  not  permit  the  purchase  of those articles
     [clothes   and   blankets]  in  Philadelphia,  and  they  were  not
     attainable in the country. Marshall.

                                Attainableness

   At*tain"a*ble*ness, n. The quality of being attainable; attainability.

                                   Attainder

   At*tain"der  (#),  n.  [OF.  ataindre,  ateindre,  to accuse, convict.
   Attainder  is  often erroneously referred to F. teindre tie stain. See
   Attaint, Attain.]

   1.  The  act  of  attainting,  or  the  state  of being attainted; the
   extinction  of the civil rights and capacities of a person, consequent
   upon sentence of death or outlawry; as, an act of attainder. Abbott.

     NOTE: &hand; Fo rmerly attainder was the inseparable consequence of
     a  judicial  or  legislative  sentence  for  treason or felony, and
     involved  the  forfeiture  of all the real and personal property of
     the  condemned person, and such "corruption of blood" that he could
     neither  receive  nor  transmit by inheritance, nor could he sue or
     testify  in  any court, or claim any legal protection or rights. In
     England  attainders are now abolished, and in the United States the
     Constitution  provides  that  no bill of attainder shall be passed;
     and no attainder of treason (in consequence of a judicial sentence)
     shall  work  corruption  of  blood or forfeiture, except during the
     life of the person attainted.

   2.  A  stain  or staining; state of being in dishonor or condemnation.
   [Obs.]

     He lived from all attainder of suspect. Shak.

   Bill  of  attainder,  a bill brought into, or passed by, a legislative
   body, condemning a person to death or outlawry, and attainder, without
   judicial sentence.

                                  Attainment

   At*tain"ment (#), n.

   1.  The  act  of attaining; the act of arriving at or reaching; hence,
   the act of obtaining by efforts.

     The attainment of every desired object. Sir W. Jones.

   2.  That  which  is attained to, or obtained by exertion; acquirement;
   acquisition;  (pl.),  mental acquirements; knowledge; as, literary and
   scientific attainments.

                                    Attaint

   At*taint"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Attainted;  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attainting.] [OE. atteynten to convict, fr. atteynt, OF. ateint, p. p.
   of  ateindre, ataindre. The meanings 3, 4, 5, and 6 were influenced by
   a supposed connection with taint. See Attain, Attainder.]

   1. To attain; to get act; to hit. [Obs.]

   2.  (Old  Law)  To  find guilty; to convict; -- said esp. of a jury on
   trial for giving a false verdict. [Obs.]

     Upon  sufficient proof attainted of some open act by men of his own
     condition. Blackstone.

   3.  (Law)  To  subject  (a  person)  to  the  legal condition formerly
   resulting  from a sentence of death or outlawry, pronounced in respect
   of treason or felony; to affect by attainder.

     No  person  shall  be attainted of high treason where corruption of
     blood  is  incurred,  but by the oath of two witnesses. Stat. 7 & 8
     Wm. III.

   4. To accuse; to charge with a crime or a dishonorable act. [Archaic]

   5.  To  affect  or  infect, as with physical or mental disease or with
   moral contagion; to taint or corrupt.

     My tender youth was never yet attaint With any passion of inflaming
     love. Shak.

   6. To stain; to obscure; to sully; to disgrace; to cloud with infamy.

     For so exceeding shone his glistring ray, That Phattaint. Spenser.

     Lest she with blame her honor should attaint. Spenser.

                                    Attaint

   At*taint", p. p. Attainted; corrupted. [Obs.] Shak.

                                    Attaint

   At*taint", n. [OF. attainte. See Attaint, v.]

   1. A touch or hit. Sir W. Scott.

   2. (Far.) A blow or wound on the leg of a horse, made by overreaching.
   White.

   3.  (Law)  A writ which lies after judgment, to inquire whether a jury
   has given a false verdict in any court of record; also, the convicting
   of the jury so tried. Bouvier.

   4. A stain or taint; disgrace. See Taint. Shak.

   5. An infecting influence. [R.] Shak.

                                  Attaintment

   At*taint"ment (#), n. Attainder; attainture; conviction.

                                  Attainture

   At*tain"ture (#), n. Attainder; disgrace.

                                     Attal

   At"tal (#), n. Same as Attle.

                                    Attame

   At*tame" (#), v. t. [OF. atamer, from Latin. See Attaminate.]

   1. To pierce; to attack. [Obs.]

   2. To broach; to begin.

     And right anon his tale he hath attamed. Chaucer.

                                  Attaminate

   At*tam"i*nate  (#),  v.  t.  [L. attaminare; ad + root of tangere. See
   Contaminate.] To corrupt; to defile; to contaminate. [Obs.] Blount.

                                     Attar

   At"tar  (#),  n. [Per. 'atar perfume, essence, Ar. 'itr, fr. 'atara to
   smell sweet. Cf. Otto.] A fragrant essential oil; esp., a volatile and
   highly fragrant essential oil obtained from the petals of roses. [Also
   written otto and ottar.]

                                    Attask

   At*task"  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref.  a- + task.] To take to task; to blame.
   Shak.

                                    Attaste

   At*taste  (#),  v.  t. [Pref. a- + taste.] To taste or cause to taste.
   [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Atte

   At"te (#). At the. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Attemper

   At*tem"per  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Attempered (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attempering.]  [OF.  atemprer,  fr.  L. attemperare; ad + temperare to
   soften, temper. See Temper, and cf. Attemperate.]

   1. To reduce, modify, or moderate, by mixture; to temper; to regulate,
   as temperature.

     If sweet with bitter . . . were not attempered still. Trench.

   2.  To  soften,  mollify,  or  moderate;  to soothe; to temper; as, to
   attemper rigid justice with clemency.

   3.  To mix in just proportion; to regulate; as, a mind well attempered
   with kindness and justice.

   4. To accommodate; to make suitable; to adapt.

     Arts . . . attempered to the lyre. Pope.

     NOTE: &hand; This word is now not much used, the verb temper taking
     its place.

                                 Attemperament

   At*tem"per*a*ment  (#),  n. [OF. attemprement.] A tempering, or mixing
   in due proportion.

                                 Attemperance

   At*tem"per*ance    (#),   n.   [Cf.   OF.   atemprance.]   Temperance;
   attemperament. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Attemperate

   At*tem"per*ate  (#),  a.  [L.  attemperatus, p. p. of attemperare. See
   Attemper.] Tempered; proportioned; properly adapted.

     Hope must be . . . attemperate to the promise. Hammond.

                                  Attemperate

   At*tem"per*ate (#), v. t. To attemper. [Archaic]

                                 Attemperation

   At*tem`per*a"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of  attempering  or regulating.
   [Archaic] Bacon.

                                  Attemperly

   At*tem"per*ly, adv. Temperately. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                 Attemperment

   At*tem"per*ment (#), n. Attemperament.

                                    Attempt

   At*tempt"  (?;  215),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Attempted; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attempting.]  [OF.  atenter,  also spelt atempter, F. attenter, fr. L.
   attentare  to  attempt;  ad  +  tentare,  temptare,  to touch, try, v.
   intens. of tendere to stretch. See Tempt, and cf. Attend.]

   1.  To  make  trial  or  experiment  of;  to try; to endeavor to do or
   perform  (some action); to assay; as, to attempt to sing; to attempt a
   bold flight.

     Something  attempted,  something done, Has earned a night's repose.
     Longfellow.

   2.  To try to move, by entreaty, by afflictions, or by temptations; to
   tempt. [Obs. or Archaic]

     It made the laughter of an afternoon That Vivien should attempt the
     blameless king. Thackeray.

   3. To try to win, subdue, or overcome; as, one who attempts the virtue
   of a woman.

     Dear   sir,  of  force  I  must  attempt  you  further:  Take  some
     remembrance of us, as a tribute. Shak.

   4.  To  attack;  to  make  an effort or attack upon; to try to take by
   force; as, to attempt the enemy's camp.

     Without attempting his adversary's life. Motley.

   Syn. -- See Try.

                                    Attempt

   At*tempt",  v.  i.  To  make  an  attempt; -- with upon. [Obs.] Sir T.
   Browne.

                                    Attempt

   At*tempt",  n. A essay, trial, or endeavor; an undertaking; an attack,
   or an effort to gain a point; esp. an unsuccessful, as contrasted with
   a successful, effort.

     By his blindness maimed for high attempts. Milton.

   Attempt  to  commit a crime (Law), such an intentional preparatory act
   as  will  apparently result, if not extrinsically hindered, in a crime
   which  it  was designed to effect. Wharton. Syn. -- Attempt, Endeavor,
   Effort,  Exertion,  Trial.  These  words  agree in the idea of calling
   forth  our powers into action. Trial is the generic term; it denotes a
   putting  forth  of one's powers with a view to determine what they can
   accomplish;  as, to make trial of one's strength. An attempt is always
   directed  to  some definite and specific object; as, "The attempt, and
   not the deed, confounds us." Shak. An endeavor is a continued attempt;
   as,  "His  high  endeavor  and  his glad success." Cowper. Effort is a
   specific  putting  forth of strength in order to carry out an attempt.
   Exertion  is  the  putting  forth or active exercise of any faculty or
   power.  "It  admits  of  all degrees of effort and even natural action
   without effort." C. J. Smith. See Try.

                                  Attemptable

   At*tempt"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being attempted, tried, or attacked.
   Shak.

                                   Attempter

   At*tempt"er (?; 215), n.

   1. One who attempts; one who essays anything.

   2. An assailant; also, a temper. [Obs.]

                                  Attemptive

   At*tempt"ive (#), a. Disposed to attempt; adventurous. [Obs.] Daniel.

                                    Attend

   At*tend"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Attended;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Attending.]  [OE.  atenden,  OF.  atendre,  F. attendre, to expect, to
   wait,  fr. L. attendre to stretch, (sc. animum), to apply the mind to;
   ad + tendere to stretch. See Tend.]

   1.  To direct the attention to; to fix the mind upon; to give heed to;
   to regard. [Obs.]

     The  diligent  pilot  in  a  dangerous  tempest doth not attend the
     unskillful words of the passenger. Sir P. Sidney.

   2. To care for; to look after; to take charge of; to watch over.

   3.  To  go  or  stay with, as a companion, nurse, or servant; to visit
   professionally,  as a physician; to accompany or follow in order to do
   service; to escort; to wait on; to serve.

     The fifth had charge sick persons to attend. Spenser.

     Attends the emperor in his royal court. Shak.

     With  a sore heart and a gloomy brow, he prepared to attend William
     thither. Macaulay.

   4.  To  be  present with; to accompany; to be united or consequent to;
   as, a measure attended with ill effects.

     What cares must then attend the toiling swain. Dryden.

   5.  To  be  present  at;  as,  to  attend church, school, a concert, a
   business meeting.

   6. To wait for; to await; to remain, abide, or be in store for. [Obs.]

     The state that attends all men after this. Locke.

     Three days I promised to attend my doom. Dryden.

   Syn.  -- To Attend, Mind, Regard, Heed, Notice. Attend is generic, the
   rest  are  specific  terms. To mind is to attend so that it may not be
   forgotten;  to  regard is to look on a thing as of importance; to heed
   is  to ~ to a thing from a principle of caution; to notice is to think
   on that which strikes the senses. Crabb. See Accompany.

                                    Attend

   At*tend" (#), v. i.

   1.  To  apply  the  mind,  or  pay attention, with a view to perceive,
   understand,  or  comply; to pay regard; to heed; to listen; -- usually
   followed by to.

     Attend to the voice of my supplications. Ps. lxxxvi. 6.

     Man can not at the same time attend to two objects. Jer. Taylor.

   2.  To  accompany or be present or near at hand, in pursuance of duty;
   to  be  ready for service; to wait or be in waiting; -- often followed
   by on or upon.

     He was required to attend upon the committee. Clarendon.

   3.  (with  to)  To  take  charge of; to look after; as, to attend to a
   matter of business.

   4. To wait; to stay; to delay. [Obs.]

     For  this  perfection  she  must  yet attend, Till to her Maker she
     espoused be. Sir J. Davies.

   Syn.  -- To Attend, Listen, Hearken. We attend with a view to hear and
   learn;  we listen with fixed attention, in order to hear correctly, or
   to  consider  what  has  been  said;  we hearken when we listen with a
   willing mind, and in reference to obeying.

                                  Attendance

   At*tend"ance  (#),  n. [OE. attendance, OF. atendance, fr. atendre, F.
   attendre. See Attend, v. t.]

   1. Attention; regard; careful application. [Obs.]

     Till I come, give attendance to reading. 1 Tim. iv. 13.

   2. The act of attending; state of being in waiting; service; ministry;
   the fact of being present; presence.

     Constant attendance at church three times a day. Fielding.

   3. Waiting for; expectation. [Obs.]

     Languishing attendance and expectation of death. Hooker.

   4. The persons attending; a retinue; attendants.

     If your stray attendance by yet lodged. Milton.

                                  Attendancy

   At*tend"an*cy  (#),  n.  The  quality  of  attending  or accompanying;
   attendance; an attendant. [Obs.]

                                   Attendant

   At*tend"ant  (#), a. [F. attendant, p. pr. of attendre. See Attend, v.
   t.]

   1. Being present, or in the train; accompanying; in waiting.

     From the attendant flotilla rang notes triumph. Sir W. Scott.

     Cherub and Seraph . . . attendant on their Lord. Milton.

   2.   Accompanying,   connected  with,  or  immediately  following,  as
   consequential;  consequent;  as,  intemperance  with all its attendant
   evils.

     The  natural  melancholy  attendant upon his situation added to the
     gloom of the owner of the mansion. Sir W. Scott.

   3.  (Law)  Depending  on,  or  owing duty or service to; as, the widow
   attendant to the heir. Cowell.
   Attendant  keys  (Mus.), the keys or scales most nearly related to, or
   having  most  in common with, the principal key; those, namely, of its
   fifth   above,  or  dominant,  its  fifth  below  (fourth  above),  or
   subdominant, and its relative minor or major.

                                   Attendant

   At*tend"ant, n.

   1.  One  who  attends  or  accompanies in any character whatever, as a
   friend, companion, servant, agent, or suitor. "A train of attendants."
   Hallam.

   2.  One  who  is  present  and  takes  part in the proceedings; as, an
   attendant at a meeting.

   3. That which accompanies; a concomitant.

     [A] sense of fame, the attendant of noble spirits. Pope.

   4.  (Law)  One  who  owes  duty or service to, or depends on, another.
   Cowell.

                                  Attendement

   At*tend"e*ment (#), n. Intent. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                   Attender

   At*tend"er (#), n. One who, or that which, attends.

                                  Attendment

   At*tend"ment  (#), n. [Cf. OF. atendement.] An attendant circumstance.
   [Obs.]

     The uncomfortable attendments of hell. Sir T. Browne.

                                    Attent

   At*tent"  (#), a. [L. attentus, p. p. of attendere. See Attend, v. t.]
   Attentive; heedful. [Archaic]

     Let thine ears be attent unto the prayer. 2 Chron. vi. 40.

                                    Attent

   At*tent", n. Attention; heed. [Obs.] Spenser.

                              Attentate, Attentat

   At*ten"tate (#), At*ten"tat (#), n. [L. attentatum, pl. attentata, fr.
   attentare to attempt: cf. F. attentat criminal attempt. See Attempt.]

   1. An attempt; an assault. [Obs.] Bacon.

   2.  (Law)  (a)  A  proceeding  in  a  court  of  judicature,  after an
   inhibition  is decreed. (b) Any step wrongly innovated or attempted in
   a suit by an inferior judge.

                                   Attention

   At*ten"tion (#), n. [L. attentio: cf. F. attention.]

   1.  The  act  or state of attending or heeding; the application of the
   mind  to  any  object  of  sense,  representation, or thought; notice;
   exclusive or special consideration; earnest consideration, thought, or
   regard;  obedient  or affectionate heed; the supposed power or faculty
   of attending. <-- p. 99 -->

     They  say  the  tongues  of  dying  men Enforce attention like deep
     harmony. Shak.

     NOTE: &hand; At tention is  consciousness and something more. It is
     consciousness voluntarily applied, under its law of limitations, to
     some determinate object; it is consciousness concentrated.

   Sir W. Hamilton.

   2.  An  act of civility or courtesy; care for the comfort and pleasure
   of others; as, attentions paid to a stranger.
   To  pay  attention  to, To pay one's attentions to, to be courteous or
   attentive  to;  to wait upon as a lover; to court. Syn. -- Care; heed;
   study; consideration; application; advertence; respect; regard.

                                   Attentive

   At*ten"tive (#), a. [Cf. F. attentif.]

   1. Heedful; intent; observant; regarding with care or attention.

     NOTE: &hand; At tentive is  ap plied to  th e senses of hearing and
     seeing,  as,  an  attentive  ear  or eye; to the application of the
     mind,  as  in  contemplation; or to the application of the mind, in
     every  possible  sense, as when a person is attentive to the words,
     and to the manner and matter, of a speaker at the same time.

   2.  Heedful  of  the  comfort  of  others; courteous. Syn. -- Heedful;
   intent;  observant;  mindful;  regardful;  circumspect;  watchful.  --
   At*ten"tive*ly, adv. -- At*ten"tive*ness, n.

                                   Attently

   At*tent"ly, adv. Attentively. [Obs.] Barrow.

                                   Attenuant

   At*ten"u*ant  (#),  a.  [L.  attenuans,  p.  pr.  of attenuare: cf. F.
   att\'82nuant.  See  Attenuate.]  Making  thin,  as  fluids;  diluting;
   rendering less dense and viscid; diluent. -- n. (Med.) A medicine that
   thins or dilutes the fluids; a diluent.

                                   Attenuate

   At*ten"u*ate  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attenuated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attenuating  (#).] [L. attenuatus, p. p. of attenuare; ad + tenuare to
   make thin, tenuis thin. See Thin.]

   1.  To  make thin or slender, as by mechanical or chemical action upon
   inanimate  objects,  or  by  the effects of starvation, disease, etc.,
   upon living bodies.

   2. To make thin or less consistent; to render less viscid or dense; to
   rarefy.  Specifically:  To subtilize, as the humors of the body, or to
   break them into finer parts.

   3.  To lessen the amount, force, or value of; to make less complex; to
   weaken.

     To  undersell  our  rivals  . . . has led the manufacturer to . . .
     attenuate  his  processes, in the allotment of tasks, to an extreme
     point. I. Taylor.

     We  may  reject  and  reject till we attenuate history into sapless
     meagerness. Sir F. Palgrave.

                                   Attenuate

   At*ten"u*ate, v. i. To become thin, slender, or fine; to grow less; to
   lessen.

     The attention attenuates as its sphere contracts. Coleridge.

                             Attenuate, Attenuated

   At*ten"u*ate (#), At*ten"u*a`ted (#), a. [L. attenuatus, p. p.]

   1. Made thin or slender.

   2. Made thin or less viscid; rarefied. Bacon.

                                  Attenuation

   At*ten`u*a"tion (#), n. [L. attenuatio: cf. F. att\'82nuation.]

   1.  The  act  or  process  of  making  slender,  or the state of being
   slender; emaciation.

   2. The act of attenuating; the act of making thin or less dense, or of
   rarefying, as fluids or gases.

   3. The process of weakening in intensity; diminution of virulence; as,
   the attenuation of virus.

                                     Atter

   At"ter  (#),  n.  [AS. \'d6tter.] Poison; venom; corrupt matter from a
   sore. [Obs.] Holland.

                                   Attercop

   At"ter*cop  (#),  n. [AS. attercoppa a spider; \'d6tter poison + coppa
   head, cup.]

   1. A spider. [Obs.]

   2. A peevish, ill-natured person. [North of Eng.]

                                   Atterrate

   At*ter*rate  (#),  v.  t. [It. atterrare (cf. LL. atterrare to cast to
   earth);  L.  ad  + terra earth, land.] To fill up with alluvial earth.
   [Obs.] Ray.

                                  Atterration

   At`ter*ra"tion (#), n. The act of filling up with earth, or of forming
   land with alluvial earth. [Obs.]

                                    Attest

   At"test"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Attested;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Attesting.]  [L.  attestari;  ad  +  testari  to  bear witness: cf. F.
   attester.]

   1.  To  bear  witness to; to certify; to affirm to be true or genuine;
   as, to attest the truth of a writing, a copy of record.

     Facts . . . attested by particular pagan authors. Addison.

   2.  To give proof of; to manifest; as, the ruins of Palmyra attest its
   ancient magnificence.

   3. To call to witness; to invoke. [Archaic]

     The  sacred streams which Heaven's imperial state Attests in oaths,
     and fears to violate. Dryden.

                                    Attest

   At*test", n. Witness; testimony; attestation. [R.]

     The attest of eyes and ears. Shak.

                                  Attestation

   At`tes*ta"tion (#), n. [L. attestatio: cf. F. attestation.] The act of
   attesting;  testimony;  witness;  a  solemn  or  official declaration,
   verbal  or  written, in support of a fact; evidence. The truth appears
   from  the  attestation  of  witnesses,  or  of the proper officer. The
   subscription of a name to a writing as a witness, is an attestation.

                                  Attestative

   At*test"a*tive (#), a. Of the nature of attestation.

                              Attester, Attestor

   At*test"er (#), At*test"or (#), n. One who attests.

                                   Attestive

   At*test"ive (#), a. Attesting; furnishing evidence.

                                     Attic

   At"tic (#), a. [L. Atticus, Gr. Of or pertaining to Attica, in Greece,
   or  to  Athens,  its  principal city; marked by such qualities as were
   characteristic  of  the  Athenians;  classical;  refined.  Attic  base
   (Arch.),  a  peculiar  form  of  molded base for a column or pilaster,
   described  by  Vitruvius,  applied under the Roman Empire to the Ionic
   and   Corinthian  and  "Roman  Doric"  orders,  and  imitated  by  the
   architects  of  the  Renaissance. -- Attic faith, inviolable faith. --
   Attic  purity, special purity of language. -- Attic salt, Attic wit, a
   poignant, delicate wit, peculiar to the Athenians. -- Attic story. See
   Attic, n. -- Attic style, a style pure and elegant.

                                     Attic

   At"tic,  n.  [In  sense  (a) from F. attique, orig. meaning Attic. See
   Attic, a.]

   1. (Arch.) (a) A low story above the main order or orders of a facade,
   in  the  classical  styles;  -- a term introduced in the 17th century.
   Hence:  (b)  A room or rooms behind that part of the exterior; all the
   rooms immediately below the roof.

   2. An Athenian; an Athenian author.

                                    Attical

   At"tic*al (#), a. Attic. [Obs.] Hammond.

                                   Atticism

   At"ti*cism (#), n. [Gr.

   1. A favoring of, or attachment to, the Athenians.

   2. The style and idiom of the Greek language, used by the Athenians; a
   concise and elegant expression.

                                   Atticize

   At"ti*cize  (#),  v.  t.  [Gr.  To  conform or make conformable to the
   language, customs, etc., of Attica.

                                   Atticize

   At"ti*cize, v. i.

   1. To side with the Athenians.

   2. To use the Attic idiom or style; to conform to the customs or modes
   of thought of the Athenians.

                                   Attiguous

   At*tig"u*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  attiguus,  fr.  attingere  to  touch. See
   Attain.] Touching; bordering; contiguous. [Obs.] -- At*tig"u*ous*ness,
   n. [Obs.]

                                    Attinge

   At*tinge"  (#),  v.  t.  [L. attingere to touch. See Attain.] To touch
   lightly. [Obs.] Coles.

                                    Attire

   At*tire"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Attired (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attiring.]  [OE.  atiren to array, dispose, arrange, OF. atirier; \'85
   (L.  ad) + F. tire rank, order, row; of Ger. origin: cf. As. tier row,
   OHG.  ziar\'c6,  G.  zier,  ornament,  zieren  to  adorn.  Cf.  Tire a
   headdress.] To dress; to array; to adorn; esp., to clothe with elegant
   or splendid garments.

     Finely attired in a robe of white. Shak.

     With the linen miter shall he be attired. Lev. xvi. 4.

                                    Attire

   At*tire", n.

   1.  Dress; clothes; headdress; anything which dresses or adorns; esp.,
   ornamental clothing.

     Earth in her rich attire. Milton.

     I 'll put myself in poor and mean attire. Shak.

     Can a maid forget her ornament, or a bride her attire? Jer. ii. 32.

   2. The antlers, or antlers and scalp, of a stag or buck.

   3.  (Bot.)  The  internal parts of a flower, included within the calyx
   and the corolla. [Obs.] Johnson.

                                    Attired

   At*tired" (#), p. p. (Her.) Provided with antlers, as a stag.

                                  Attirement

   At*tire"ment (#), n. Attire; adornment.

                                    Attirer

   At*tir"er (#), n. One who attires.

                                   Attitude

   At"ti*tude (#), n. [It. attitudine, LL. aptitudo, fr. L. aptus suited,
   fitted: cf. F. attitude. Cf. Aptitude.]

   1.  (Paint.  & Sculp.) The posture, action, or disposition of a figure
   or a statue.

   2.  The posture or position of a person or an animal, or the manner in
   which  the parts of his body are disposed; position assumed or studied
   to  serve  a  purpose;  as,  a  threatening  attitude;  an attitude of
   entreaty.

   3. Fig.: Position as indicating action, feeling, or mood; as, in times
   of  trouble  let  a  nation  preserve  a  firm  attitude; one's mental
   attitude in respect to religion.

     The attitude of the country was rapidly changing. J. R. Green.

   To  strike  an  attitude, to take an attitude for mere effect. Syn. --
   Attitude,   Posture.   Both   of  these  words  describe  the  visible
   disposition  of  the  limbs. Posture relates to their position merely;
   attitude  refers to their fitness for some specific object. The object
   of  an  attitude  is  to  set forth exhibit some internal feeling; as,
   attitude  of  wonder,  of admiration, of grief, etc. It is, therefore,
   essentially  and  designedly  expressive.  Its object is the same with
   that  of  gesture;  viz.,  to hold forth and represent. Posture has no
   such  design.  If  we  speak  of  posture in prayer, or the posture of
   devotion, it is only the natural disposition of the limbs, without any
   intention to show forth or exhibit.

     'T   is   business   of  a  painter  in  his  choice  of  attitudes
     (positur\'91)  to  foresee the effect and harmony of the lights and
     shadows. Dryden.

     Never  to keep the body in the same posture half an hour at a time.
     Bacon.

                                  Attitudinal

   At`ti*tu"di*nal (#), a. Relating to attitude.

                                Attitudinarian

   At`ti*tu`di*na"ri*an (#), n. One who attitudinizes; a posture maker.

                               Attitudinarianism

   At`ti*tu`di*na"ri*an*ism  (#),  n.  A practicing of attitudes; posture
   making.

                                 Attitudinize

   At`ti*tu"di*nize (#), v. i. To assume affected attitudes; to strike an
   attitude; to pose.

     Maria,  who is the most picturesque figure, was put to attitudinize
     at the harp. Hannah More.

                                 Attitudinizer

   At`ti*tu"di*ni`zer (#), n One who practices attitudes.

                                     Attle

   At"tle (#), n. [Cf. Addle mire.] (Mining) Rubbish or refuse consisting
   of broken rock containing little or no ore. Weale.

                                   Attollent

   At*tol"lent  (#),  a. [L. attollens, p. pr. of attollere; ad + tollere
   to lift.] Lifting up; raising; as, an attollent muscle. Derham.

                                    Attonce

   At*tonce" (#), adv. [At + once.] At once; together. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Attone

   At*tone" (#), adv. See At one. [Obs.]

                                    Attorn

   At*torn"  (#),  v.  i.  [OF.  atorner,  aturner,  atourner, to direct,
   prepare,  dispose, attorn (cf. OE. atornen to return, adorn); \'85 (L.
   ad) + torner to turn; cf. LL. attornare to commit business to another,
   to  attorn;  ad  +  tornare to turn, L. tornare to turn in a lathe, to
   round off. See Turn, v. t.]

   1. (Feudal Law) To turn, or transfer homage and service, from one lord
   to  another. This is the act of feudatories, vassals, or tenants, upon
   the alienation of the estate. Blackstone.

   2. (Modern Law) To agree to become tenant to one to whom reversion has
   been granted.

                                   Attorney

   At*tor"ney  (#),  n.; pl. Attorneys (#). [OE. aturneye, OF. atorn\'82,
   p.  p.  of atorner: cf. LL. atturnatus, attornatus, fr. attornare. See
   Attorn.]

   1. A substitute; a proxy; an agent. [Obs.]

     And will have no attorney but myself. Shak.

   2.  (Law)  (a) One who is legally appointed by another to transact any
   business  for him; an attorney in fact. (b) A legal agent qualified to
   act  for  suitors  and defendants in legal proceedings; an attorney at
   law.

     NOTE: &hand; An  at torney is  ei ther public or private. A private
     attorney, or an attorney in fact, is a person appointed by another,
     by  a letter or power of attorney, to transact any business for him
     out of court; but in a more extended sense, this class includes any
     agent  employed  in  any  business,  or  to do any act in pais, for
     another.  A  public attorney, or attorney at law, is a practitioner
     in  a  court  of  law,  legally  qualified  to prosecute and defend
     actions  in such court, on the retainer of clients. Bouvier. -- The
     attorney  at law answers to the procurator of the civilians, to the
     solicitor in chancery, and to the proctor in the ecclesiastical and
     admiralty  courts, and all of these are comprehended under the more
     general  term  lawyer.  In  Great Britain and in some states of the
     United  States, attorneys are distinguished from counselors in that
     the  business of the former is to carry on the practical and formal
     parts  of the suit. In many states of the United States however, no
     such  distinction  exists. In England, since 1873, attorneys at law
     are by statute called solicitors.

   A power, letter, or warrant, of attorney, a written authority from one
   person empowering another to transact business for him.

                                   Attorney

   At*tor"ney  (#),  v.  t.  To  perform  by proxy; to employ as a proxy.
   [Obs.] Shak.

                               Attorney-general

   At*tor"ney-gen"er*al    (#),    n.;    (pl.    Attorney-generals    or
   Attorneys-general).   (Law)  The  chief  law  officer  of  the  state,
   empowered to act in all litigation in which the law-executing power is
   a  party,  and  to  advise  this  supreme executive whenever required.
   Wharton.

                                  Attorneyism

   At*tor"ney*ism   (#),  n.  The  practice  or  peculiar  cleverness  of
   attorneys.

                                 Attorneyship

   At*tor"ney*ship,  n.  The  office or profession of an attorney; agency
   for another. Shak.

                                  Attornment

   At*torn"ment (#), n. [OF. attornement, LL. attornamentum. See Attorn.]
   (Law) The act of a feudatory, vassal, or tenant, by which he consents,
   upon  the  alienation of an estate, to receive a new lord or superior,
   and transfers to him his homage and service; the agreement of a tenant
   to  acknowledge  the purchaser of the estate as his landlord. Burrill.
   Blackstone.

                                    Attract

   At*tract"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Attracted;  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attracting.]  [L. attractus, p. p. of attrahere; ad + trahere to draw.
   See Trace, v. t.]

   1. To draw to, or cause to tend to; esp. to cause to approach, adhere,
   or   combine;   or  to  cause  to  resist  divulsion,  separation,  or
   decomposition.

     All  bodies and all parts of bodies mutually attract themselves and
     one another. Derham.

   2.  To  draw  by  influence of a moral or emotional kind; to engage or
   fix, as the mind, attention, etc.; to invite or allure; as, to attract
   admirers.

     Attracted by thy beauty still to gaze. Milton.

   Syn. -- To draw; allure; invite; entice; influence.

                                    Attract

   At*tract", n. Attraction. [Obs.] Hudibras.

                                Attractability

   At*tract`a*bil"i*ty  (#), n. The quality or fact of being attractable.
   Sir W. Jones.

                                  Attractable

   At*tract"a*ble   (#),  a.  Capable  of  being  attracted;  subject  to
   attraction. -- At*tract"a*ble*ness, n.

                                   Attracter

   At*tract"er (#), n. One who, or that which, attracts.

                                  Attractile

   At*tract"ile (#), a. Having power to attract.

                                  Attracting

   At*tract"ing, a. That attracts. -- At*tract"ing*ly, adv.

                                  Attraction

   At*trac"tion (#), n. [L. attractio: cf. F. attraction.]

   1.  (Physics)  An invisible power in a body by which it draws anything
   to  itself;  the  power  in  nature  acting mutually between bodies or
   ultimate particles, tending to draw them together, or to produce their
   cohesion or combination, and conversely resisting separation.

     NOTE: &hand; At traction is exerted at both sensible and insensible
     distances,  and is variously denominated according to its qualities
     or phenomena. Under attraction at sensible distances, there are, --
     (1.)

   Attraction  of gravitation, which acts at all distances throughout the
   universe,  with  a  force  proportional directly to the product of the
   masses  of  the  bodies and inversely to the square of their distances
   apart.  (2.) Magnetic, diamagnetic, and electrical attraction, each of
   which  is  limited in its sensible range and is polar in its action, a
   property  dependent  on the quality or condition of matter, and not on
   its  quantity. Under attraction at insensible distances, there are, --
   (1.)  Adhesive  attraction,  attraction  between  surfaces of sensible
   extent,  or  by  the medium of an intervening substance. (2.) Cohesive
   attraction,  attraction  between  ultimate  particles, whether like or
   unlike,  and  causing  simply  an  aggregation  or  a  union  of those
   particles,  as in the absorption of gases by charcoal, or of oxygen by
   spongy  platinum, or the process of solidification or crystallization.
   The  power  in  adhesive  attraction  is  strictly the same as that of
   cohesion.  (3.)  Capillary  attraction, attraction causing a liquid to
   rise,  in  capillary tubes or interstices, above its level outside, as
   in  very small glass tubes, or a sponge, or any porous substance, when
   one  end  is  inserted in the liquid. It is a special case of cohesive
   attraction. (4.) Chemical attraction, or affinity, that peculiar force
   which  causes  elementary  atoms, or groups of atoms, to unite to form
   molecules.

   2.  The  act  or  property  of  attracting; the effect of the power or
   operation of attraction. Newton.

   3. The power or act of alluring, drawing to, inviting, or engaging; an
   attractive quality; as, the attraction of beauty or eloquence.

   4.  That  which  attracts;  an  attractive  object or feature. Syn. --
   Allurement; enticement; charm.

                                  Attractive

   At*tract"ive (#), a. [Cf. F. attractif.]

   1.  Having  the  power  or  quality  of attracting or drawing; as, the
   attractive force of bodies. Sir I. Newton.

   2.  Attracting  or  drawing by moral influence or pleasurable emotion;
   alluring; inviting; pleasing. "Attractive graces." Milton. "Attractive
   eyes." Thackeray.

     Flowers  of a livid yellow, or fleshy color, are most attractive to
     flies. Lubbock.

   -- At*tract"ive*ly, adv. -- At*tract"ive*ness, n.

                                  Attractive

   At*tract"ive,  n.  That  which  attracts  or  draws; an attraction; an
   allurement.

     Speaks nothing but attractives and invitation. South.

   <-- p. 100 --> <-- p. 100 -->

                                 Attractivity

   At`trac*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The quality or degree of attractive power.

                                   Attractor

   At*tract"or (?), n. One who, or that which, attracts. Sir T. Browne

                                   Attrahent

   At"tra*hent  (?),  a. [L. attrahens, p. pr. of attrahere. See Attract,
   v. t.] Attracting; drawing; attractive.

                                   Attrahent

   At"tra*hent, n.

   1. That which attracts, as a magnet.

     The motion of the steel to its attrahent. Glanvill.

   2. (Med.) A substance which, by irritating the surface, excites action
   in  the  part  to  which it is applied, as a blister, an epispastic, a
   sinapism.

                                    Attrap

   At*trap" (?), v. t. [F. attraper to catch; \'85 (L. ad) + trappe trap.
   See Trap (for taking game).] To entrap; to insnare. [Obs.] Grafton.

                                    Attrap

   At*trap", v. t. [Pref. ad + trap to adorn.] To adorn with trapping; to
   array. [Obs.]

     Shall your horse be attrapped . . . more richly? Holland.

                                 Attrectation

   At`trec*ta"tion  (?),  n.  [L.  attrectatio; ad + tractare to handle.]
   Frequent handling or touching. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

                                 Attributable

   At*trib"u*ta*ble  (?),  a.  Capable  of  being attributed; ascribable;
   imputable.

     Errors . . . attributable to carelessness. J. D. Hooker.

                                   Attribute

   At*trib"ute  (?),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Attributed; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attributing.]  [L.  attributus,  p. p. of attribuere; ad + tribuere to
   bestow.  See  Tribute.]  To ascribe; to consider (something) as due or
   appropriate  (to);  to  refer,  as an effect to a cause; to impute; to
   assign; to consider as belonging (to).

     We   attribute   nothing   to  God  that  hath  any  repugnancy  or
     contradiction in it. Abp. Tillotson.

     The  merit  of  service  is seldom attributed to the true and exact
     performer. Shak.

   Syn. -- See Ascribe.

                                   Attribute

   At"tri*bute (?), n. [L. attributum.]

   1.  That  which  is  attributed;  a  quality  which  is  considered as
   belonging  to,  or  inherent  in,  a  person or thing; an essential or
   necessary property or characteristic.

     But mercy is above this sceptered away; . . . It is an attribute to
     God himself. Shak.

   2. Reputation. [Poetic] Shak.

   3.  (Paint.  &  Sculp.) A conventional symbol of office, character, or
   identity,  added to any particular figure; as, a club is the attribute
   of Hercules.

   4.  (Gram.)  Quality,  etc., denoted by an attributive; an attributive
   adjunct or adjective.

                                  Attribution

   At`tri*bu"tion (?), n. [L. attributio: cf. F. attribution.]

   1.  The  act  of attributing or ascribing, as a quality, character, or
   function, to a thing or person, an effect to a cause.

   2. That which is ascribed or attributed.

                                  Attributive

   At*trib"u*tive  (?),  a.  [Cf. F. attributif.] Attributing; pertaining
   to,  expressing,  or  assigning  an  attribute;  of  the  nature of an
   attribute.

                                  Attributive

   At*trib"u*tive,  n.,  (Gram.) A word that denotes an attribute; esp. a
   modifying word joined to a noun; an adjective or adjective phrase.

                                 Attributively

   At*trib"u*tive*ly, adv. In an attributive manner.

                                    Attrite

   At*trite" (?), a. [L. attritus, p. p. of atterere; ad + terere to rub.
   See Trite.]

   1. Rubbed; worn by friction. Milton.

   2.  (Theol.)  Repentant  from  fear of punishment; having attrition of
   grief for sin; -- opposed to contrite.

                                   Attrition

   At*tri"tion (?), n. [L. attritio: cf. F. attrition.]

   1.  The  act  of  rubbing  together;  friction;  the act of wearing by
   friction, or by rubbing substances together; abrasion.

     Effected by attrition of the inward stomach. Arbuthnot.

   2. The state of being worn. Johnson.

   3.  (Theol.)  Grief  for  sin  arising only from fear of punishment or
   feelings of shame. See Contrition. Wallis.

                                     Attry

   At"try  (?),  a.  [See Atter.] Poisonous; malignant; malicious. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                    Attune

   At*tune"  (?),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Attuned  (;  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Attuning.] [Pref. ad- + tune.]

   1.  To tune or put in tune; to make melodious; to adjust, as one sound
   or musical instrument to another; as, to attune the voice to a harp.

   2. To arrange fitly; to make accordant.

     Wake  to energy each social aim, Attuned spontaneous to the will of
     Jove. Beattie.

                                    Atwain

   A*twain" (?), adv. [OE. atwaine, atwinne; pref. a- + twain.] In twain;
   asunder. [Obs. or Poetic] "Cuts atwain the knots." Tennyson.

                                    Atween

   A*tween"  (?),  adv.  or prep. [See Atwain, and cf. Between.] Between.
   [Archaic] Spenser. Tennyson.

                                    Atwirl

   A*twirl"  (?), a. & adv. [Pref. a- + twist.] Twisted; distorted; awry.
   [R.] Halliwell.

                                    Atwite

   A*twite"  (?),  v.  t. [OE. attwyten, AS. \'91tw\'c6tan. See Twit.] To
   speak reproachfully of; to twit; to upbraid. [Obs.]

                                    Atwixt

   A*twixt" (?), adv. Betwixt. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                     Atwo

   A*two"  (?),  adv. [Pref. a- + two.] In two; in twain; asunder. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                               Atypic, Atypical

   A*typ"ic  (?),  A*typ"ic*al,  a. [Pref. a- not + typic, typical.] That
   has no type; devoid of typical character; irregular; unlike the type.

                                    Aubade

   Au`bade"  (?), n. [F., fr. aube the dawn, fr. L. albus white.] An open
   air concert in the morning, as distinguished from an evening serenade;
   also, a pianoforte composition suggestive of morning. Grove.

     The  crowing cock . . . Sang his aubade with lusty voice and clear.
     Longfellow.

                                    Aubaine

   Au`baine"  (?),  n. [F., fr. aubain an alien, fr. L. alibi elsewhere.]
   Succession  to  the  goods  of  a stranger not naturalized. Littr\'82.
   Droit  d'aubaine  (,  the  right,  formerly  possessed  by the king of
   France, to all the personal property of which an alien died possessed.
   It was abolished in 1819. Bouvier.

                                     Aube

   Aube (?), n. [See Ale.] An alb. [Obs.] Fuller.

                                    Auberge

   Au`berge" (?), n. [F.] An inn. Beau. & Fl.

                                     Aubin

   Au"bin  (?),  n. [F.] A broken gait of a horse, between an amble and a
   gallop; -- commonly called a Canterbury gallop.

                                    Auburn

   Au"burn  (?),  a.  [OE.  auburne blonde, OF. alborne, auborne, fr. LL.
   alburnus whitish, fr. L. albus white. Cf. Alburn.]

   1. Flaxen-colored. [Obs.] Florio.

   2. Reddish brown.

     His auburn locks on either shoulder flowed. Dryden.

                                   Auchenium

   Au*che"ni*um  (?),  n.  [NL.,  fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The part of the neck
   nearest the back.

                                    Auctary

   Auc"ta*ry   (?),   n.   [L.  auctarium.]  That  which  is  superadded;
   augmentation. [Obs.] Baxter.

                                    Auction

   Auc"tion  (?),  n.  [L. auctio an increasing, a public sale, where the
   price  was  called out, and the article to be sold was adjudged to the
   last  increaser  of  the  price, or the highest bidder, fr. L. augere,
   auctum, to increase. See Augment.]

   1.  A  public sale of property to the highest bidder, esp. by a person
   licensed and authorized for the purpose; a vendue.

   2. The things sold by auction or put up to auction.

     Ask you why Phryne the whole auction buys ? Pope.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th e Un ited States, the more prevalent expression
     has  been "sales at auction," that is, by an increase of bids (Lat.
     auctione). This latter form is preferable.

   Dutch  auction,  the  public  offer  of property at a price beyond its
   value,  then gradually lowering the price, till some one accepts it as
   purchaser. P. Cyc.

                                    Auction

   Auc"tion, v. t. To sell by auction.

                                  Auctionary

   Auc"tion*a*ry  (?),  a.  [L.  auctionarius.]  Of  or  pertaining to an
   auction or an auctioneer. [R.]

     With auctionary hammer in thy hand. Dryden.

                                  Auctioneer

   Auc`tion*eer"  (?),  n.  A person who sells by auction; a person whose
   business  it  is  to  dispose  of goods or lands by public sale to the
   highest or best bidder.

                                  Auctioneer

   Auc`tion*eer", v. t. To sell by auction; to auction.

     Estates . . . advertised and auctioneered away. Cowper.

                                  Aucupation

   Au`cu*pa"tion  (?),  n. [L. aucupatio, fr. auceps, contr. for aviceps;
   avis bird + capere to take.] Birdcatching; fowling. [Obs.] Blount.

                                   Audacious

   Au*da"cious  (?),  a.  [F.  audacieux,  as  if fr. LL. audaciosus (not
   found), fr. L. audacia audacity, fr. audax, -acis, bold, fr. audere to
   dare.]

   1. Daring; spirited; adventurous.

     As in a cloudy chair, ascending rides Audacious. Milton.

   2.  Contemning  the  restraints  of law, religion, or decorum; bold in
   wickedness;  presumptuous;  impudent;  insolent. " Audacious traitor."
   Shak. " Such audacious neighborhood." Milton.

   3.  Committed with, or proceedings from, daring effrontery or contempt
   of  law, morality, or decorum. "Audacious cruelty." "Audacious prate."
   Shak.

                                  Audaciously

   Au*da"cious*ly,  adv. In an audacious manner; with excess of boldness;
   impudently.

                                 Audaciousness

   Au*da"cious*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  audacious;  impudence;
   audacity.

                                   Audacity

   Au*dac"i*ty (?), n.

   1. Daring spirit, resolution, or confidence; venturesomeness.

     The freedom and audacity necessary in the commerce of men. Tatler.

   2.  Reckless daring; presumptuous impudence; -- implying a contempt of
   law or moral restraints.

     With the most arrogant audacity. Joye.

                                  Audibility

   Au`di*bil"i*ty  (?),  n.  The quality of being audible; power of being
   heard; audible capacity.

                                    Audible

   Au"di*ble (?), a. [LL. audibilis, fr. L. audire, auditum, to hear: cf.
   Gr.  auris,  and  E.  ear.]  Capable of being heard; loud enough to be
   heard; actually heard; as, an audible voice or whisper.

                                    Audible

   Au"di*ble, n. That which may be heard. [Obs.]

     Visibles are swiftlier carried to the sense than audibles. Bacon.

                                  Audibleness

   Au"di*ble*ness, n. The quality of being audible.

                                    Audibly

   Au"di*bly, adv. So as to be heard.

                                   Audience

   Au"di*ence (?), n. [F. audience, L. audientia, fr. audire to hear. See
   Audible, a.]

   1. The act of hearing; attention to sounds.

     Thou, therefore, give due audience, and attend. Milton.

   2.  Admittance to a hearing; a formal interview, esp. with a sovereign
   or  the  head  of  a  government, for conference or the transaction of
   business.

     According to the fair play of the world, Let me have audience: I am
     sent to speak. Shak.

   3.  An  auditory;  an  assembly of hearers. Also applied by authors to
   their readers.

     Fit audience find, though few. Milton.

     He drew his audience upward to the sky. Dryden.

   Court  of  audience,  or  Audience  court  (Eng.),  a court long since
   disused,   belonging  to  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury;  also,  one
   belonging  to  the  Archbishop  of York. Mozley & W. -- In general (or
   open)  audience, publicly. -- To give audience, to listen; to admit to
   an interview.

                                    Audient

   Au"di*ent  (?),  a.  [L.  audiens,  p. pr. of audire. See Audible, a.]
   Listening; paying attention; as, audient souls. Mrs. Browning.

                                    Audient

   Au"di*ent,  n.  A hearer; especially a catechumen in the early church.
   [Obs.] Shelton.

                                  Audiometer

   Au`di*om"e*ter  (?),  n.  [L.  audire  to  hear + -meter.] (Acous.) An
   instrument by which the power of hearing can be gauged and recorded on
   a scale.

                                   Audiphone

   Au"di*phone  (?),  n.  [L.  audire  to hear + Gr. An instrument which,
   placed  against  the  teeth,  conveys  sound to the auditory nerve and
   enables the deaf to hear more or less distinctly; a dentiphone.

                                     Audit

   Au"dit (?), n. [L. auditus a hearing, fr. audire. See Audible, a.]

   1. An audience; a hearing. [Obs.]

     He appeals to a high audit. Milton.

   2. An examination in general; a judicial examination.

     NOTE: Specifically: An  ex amination of  an account or of accounts,
     with  the  hearing of the parties concerned, by proper officers, or
     persons  appointed  for  that purpose, who compare the charges with
     the vouchers, examine witnesses, and state the result.

   3.  The  result  of  such an examination, or an account as adjusted by
   auditors; final account.

     Yet I can make my audit up. Shak.

   4. A general receptacle or receiver. [Obs.]

     It  [a  little  brook]  paid  to  its common audit no more than the
     revenues of a little cloud. Jer. Taylor.

   Audit  ale,  a  kind of ale, brewed at the English universities, orig.
   for  the  day  of audit. -- Audit house, Audit room, an appendage to a
   cathedral, for the transaction of its business.

                                     Audit

   Au"dit (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Audited; p. pr. & vb. n. Auditing.] To
   examine  and  adjust,  as  an  account  or  accounts; as, to audit the
   accounts  of  a  treasure,  or of parties who have a suit depending in
   court.

                                     Audit

   Au"dit, v. i. To settle or adjust an account.

     Let Hocus audit; he knows how the money was disbursed. Arbuthnot.

                                Audita querela

   Au*di"ta que*re"la (?). [L., the complaint having been heard.] (Law) A
   writ which lies for a party against whom judgment is recovered, but to
   whom good matter of discharge has subsequently accrued which could not
   have been availed of to prevent such judgment. Wharton.

                                   Audition

   Au*di"tion  (?),  n.  [L.  auditio.]  The act of hearing or listening;
   hearing.

     Audition  may  be  active  or passive; hence the difference between
     listening and simple hearing. Dunglison.

                                   Auditive

   Au"di*tive  (?),  a.  [Cf.  F.  auditif.] Of or pertaining to hearing;
   auditory. [R.] Cotgrave.

                                    Auditor

   Au"di*tor (?), n. [L. auditor, fr. audire. See Audible, a.]

   1. A hearer or listener. Macaulay.

   2. A person appointed and authorized to audit or examine an account or
   accounts,  compare  the charges with the vouchers, examine the parties
   and witnesses, allow or reject charges, and state the balance.

   3. One who hears judicially, as in an audience court.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th e Un ited St ates go vernment, and in the State
     governments,  there  are auditors of the treasury and of the public
     accounts. The name is also applied to persons employed to check the
     accounts   of   courts,  corporations,  companies,  societies,  and
     partnerships.

                                  Auditorial

   Au`di*to"ri*al (?), a. Auditory. [R.]

                                  Auditorium

   Au`di*to"ri*um  (?),  n.  [L.  See Auditory, n.] The part of a church,
   theater, or other public building, assigned to the audience.

     NOTE: &hand; In ancient churches the auditorium was the nave, where
     hearers  stood to be instructed; in monasteries it was an apartment
     for the reception of strangers.

                                  Auditorship

   Au"di*tor*ship (?), n. The office or function of auditor.

                                   Auditory

   Au"di*to*ry  (?),  a. [L. auditorius.] Of or pertaining to hearing, or
   to  the  sense  or organs of hearing; as, the auditory nerve. See Ear.
   Auditory  canal  (Anat.), the tube from the auditory meatus or opening
   of the ear to the tympanic membrane.
   
                                   Auditory
                                       
   Au"di*to*ry, n. [L. auditorium.] 

   1. An assembly of hearers; an audience.

   2. An auditorium. Udall.

                                   Auditress

   Au"di*tress (?), n. A female hearer. Milton.

                                   Auditual

   Au*dit"u*al (?), a. Auditory. [R.] Coleridge.

                                      Auf

   Auf  (?),  n.  [OE. auph, aulf, fr. Icel. \'belfr elf. See Elf.] [Also
   spelt  oaf, ouphe.] A changeling or elf child, -- that is, one left by
   fairies;  a  deformed  or  foolish  child; a simpleton; an oaf. [Obs.]
   Drayton.

                                    Au fait

   Au`  fait"  (?).  [F. Lit., to the deed, act, or point. Fait is fr. L.
   factum. See Fact.] Expert; skillful; well instructed.

                                    Augean

   Au*ge"an (?), a.

   1.  (Class.  Myth.)  Of  or  pertaining to Augeus, king of Elis, whose
   stable  contained  3000  oxen,  and had not been cleaned for 30 years.
   Hercules cleansed it in a single day.

   2. Hence: Exceedingly filthy or corrupt.
   Augean  stable  (Fig.),  an accumulation of corruption or filth almost
   beyond the power of man to remedy.

                                     Auger

   Au"ger  (?),  n. [OE. augoure, nauger, AS. nafeg\'ber, fr. nafu, nafa,
   nave  of  a  wheel  + g\'ber spear, and therefore meaning properly and
   originally a nave-bore. See Nave (of a wheel) and 2d Gore, n.]

   1.  A  carpenter's  tool for boring holes larger than those bored by a
   gimlet.  It  has  a handle placed crosswise by which it is turned with
   both hands. A pod auger is one with a straight channel or groove, like
   the  half  of  a  bean  pod. A screw auger has a twisted blade, by the
   spiral groove of which the chips are discharge.

   2.  An  instrument  for  boring  or  perforating  soils  or rocks, for
   determining the quality of soils, or the nature of the rocks or strata
   upon which they lie, and for obtaining water.
   Auger bit, a bit with a cutting edge or blade like that of an anger.

                                     Auget

   Au*get"  (?),  n.  [F., dim. of auge trough, fr. L. alveus hollow, fr.
   alvus  belly.]  (Mining)  A priming tube connecting the charge chamber
   with the gallery, or place where the slow match is applied. Knight.

                                 Aught, Aucht

   Aught  (?),  Aucht  (?), n. [AS. , fr. \'began to own, p. p. \'behte.]
   Property; possession. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

                                     Aught

   Aught  (?),  n.  [OE.  aught,  ought, awiht, AS. \'bewiht, \'be ever +
   wiht.  \'fb136.  See  Aye  ever, and Whit, Wight.] Anything; any part.
   [Also written ought.]

     There failed not aught of any good thing which the Lord has spoken.
     Josh. xxi. 45

     But go, my son, and see if aught be wanting. Addison.

   <-- p. 101 -->

                                     Aught

   Aught (?), adv. At all; in any degree. Chaucer.

                                    Augite

   Au"gite  (?),  n.  [L.  augites,  Gr.  augite.] A variety of pyroxene,
   usually  of  a  black or dark green color, occurring in igneous rocks,
   such as basalt; -- also used instead of the general term pyroxene.

                                    Augitic

   Au*git"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or like, augite; containing augite as
   a principal constituent; as, augitic rocks.

                                    Augment

   Aug*ment"  (?),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Augmented;  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Augmenting.]  [L. augmentare, fr. augmentum an increase, fr. augere to
   increase; perh. akin to Gr. wax, v., and eke, v.: cf. F. augmenter.]

   1.  To  enlarge  or  increase in size, amount, or degree; to swell; to
   make bigger; as, to augment an army by re\'89forcements; rain augments
   a stream; impatience augments an evil.

     But their spite still serves His glory to augment. Milton.

   2. (Gram.) To add an augment to.

                                    Augment

   Aug*ment",  v.  i.  To  increase;  to  grow  larger, stronger, or more
   intense; as, a stream augments by rain.

                                    Augment

   Aug"ment (?), n. [L. augmentum: cf. F. augment.]

   1. Enlargement by addition; increase.

   2. (Gram.) A vowel prefixed, or a lengthening of the initial vowel, to
   mark past time, as in Greek and Sanskrit verbs.

     NOTE: &hand; In  Greek, the syllabic augment is a prefixed temporal
     augment  is an increase of the quantity (time) of an initial vowel,
     as by changing

                                  Augmentable

     Aug*ment"a*ble (?), a. Capable of augmentation. Walsh.

                                 Augmentation

     Aug`men*ta"tion (?), n. [LL. augmentatio: cf. F. augmentation.]

     1. The act or process of augmenting, or making larger, by addition,
     expansion, or dilation; increase.

     2. The state of being augmented; enlargement.

     3. The thing added by way of enlargement.

     4. (Her.) A additional charge to a coat of arms, given as a mark of
     honor. Cussans.

     5.  (Med.)  The  stage  of  a  disease  in which the symptoms go on
     increasing. Dunglison.

     6. (Mus.) In counterpoint and fugue, a repetition of the subject in
     tones of twice the original length.

   Augmentation  court  (Eng.  Hist.),  a  court erected by Stat. 27 Hen.
   VIII.,  to  augment  to  revenues  of  the crown by the suppression of
   monasteries. It was long ago dissolved. Encyc. Brit. Syn. -- Increase;
   enlargement; growth; extension; accession; addition.
   
                                 Augmentative
                                       
   Aug*ment"a*tive  (?),  a.  [Cf. F. augmentatif.] Having the quality or
   power  of  augmenting; expressing augmentation. -- Aug*ment"a*tive*ly,
   adv. 

                                 Augmentative

   Aug*ment"a*tive,  n.  (Gram.)  A  word  which expresses with augmented
   force the idea or the properties of the term from which it is derived;
   as, dullard, one very dull. Opposed to diminutive. Gibbs.

                                   Augmenter

   Aug*ment"er  (?),  n.  One  who,  or that which, augments or increases
   anything.

                                    Augrim

   Au"grim  (?),  n. See Algorism. [Obs.] Chaucer. Augrim stones, pebbles
   formerly  used  in numeration. -- Noumbres of Augrim, Arabic numerals.
   Chaucer.

                                     Augur

   Au"gur  (?), n. [L. Of uncertain origin: the first part of the word is
   perh. fr. L. avis bird, and the last syllable, gur, equiv. to the Skr.
   gar to call, akin to L. garrulus garrulous.]

   1.  (Rom.  Antiq.)  An  official  diviner  who  foretold events by the
   singing,  chattering,  flight,  and  feeding  of birds, or by signs or
   omens   derived  from  celestial  phenomena,  certain  appearances  of
   quadrupeds, or unusual occurrences.

   2.  One  who  foretells  events  by  omens; a soothsayer; a diviner; a
   prophet.

     Augur of ill, whose tongue was never found Without a priestly curse
     or boding sound. Dryden.

                                     Augur

   Au"gur, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Augured (; p. pr. & vb. n. Auguring.]

   1. To conjecture from signs or omens; to prognosticate; to foreshow.

     My auguring mind assures the same success. Dryden.

   2.  To  anticipate,  to  foretell,  or  to  indicate a favorable or an
   unfavorable issue; as, to augur well or ill.

                                     Augur

   Au"gur,  v.  t.  To  predict  or  foretell, as from signs or omens; to
   betoken; to presage; to infer.

     It seems to augur genius. Sir W. Scott.

     I  augur everything from the approbation the proposal has met with.
     J. F. W. Herschel.

   Syn.   --   To   predict;   forebode;   betoken;   portend;   presage;
   prognosticate; prophesy; forewarn.

                                    Augural

   Au"gu*ral  (?),  a.  [L.  auguralis.] Of or pertaining to augurs or to
   augury;  betokening;  ominous;  significant;  as,  an  augural  staff;
   augural books. "Portents augural." Cowper.

                                   Augurate

   Au"gu*rate (?), v. t. & i. [L. auguratus, p. p. of augurari to augur.]
   To make or take auguries; to augur; to predict. [Obs.] C. Middleton.

                                   Augurate

   Au"gu*rate (?), n. The office of an augur. Merivale.

                                  Auguration

   Au`gu*ra"tion (?), n. [L. auguratio.] The practice of augury.

                                    Augurer

   Au"gur*er (?), n. An augur. [Obs.] Shak.

                                   Augurial

   Au*gu"ri*al  (?), a. [L. augurialis.] Relating to augurs or to augury.
   Sir T. Browne.

                                   Augurist

   Au"gu*rist (?), n. An augur. [R.]

                                   Angurize

   An"gur*ize (?), v. t. To augur. [Obs.] Blount.

                                   Augurous

   Au"gu*rous  (?),  a.  Full  of  augury;  foreboding.  [Obs.] "Augurous
   hearts." Chapman.

                                   Augurship

   Au"gur*ship  (?),  n.  The  office,  or period of office, of an augur.
   Bacon.

                                    Augury

   Au"gu*ry (?), n.; pl. Auguries (. [L. aucurium.]

   1.  The art or practice of foretelling events by observing the actions
   of birds, etc.; divination.

   2.  An  omen;  prediction;  prognostication; indication of the future;
   presage.

     From their flight strange auguries she drew. Drayton.

     He  resigned  himself . . . with a docility that gave little augury
     of his future greatness. Prescott.

   3. A rite, ceremony, or observation of an augur.

                                    August

   Au*gust" (?), a. [L. augustus; cf. augere to increase; in the language
   of religion, to honor by offerings: cf. F. auguste. See Augment.] Of a
   quality  inspiring  mingled admiration and reverence; having an aspect
   of  solemn  dignity  or  grandeur;  sublime;  majestic; having exalted
   birth,  character,  state, or authority. "Forms august." Pope. "August
   in visage." Dryden. "To shed that august blood." Macaulay.

     So beautiful and so august a spectacle. Burke.

     To mingle with a body so august. Byron.

   Syn.  --  Grand; magnificent; majestic; solemn; awful; noble; stately;
   dignified; imposing.

                                    August

   Au"gust  (?),  n.  [L.  Augustus.  See note below, and August, a.] The
   eighth month of the year, containing thirty-one days.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e old Roman name was Sextilis, the sixth month from
     March,  the  month  in which the primitive Romans, as well as Jews,
     began the year. The name was changed to August in honor of Augustus
     C\'91sar,  the  first emperor of Rome, on account of his victories,
     and his entering on his first consulate in that month.

                                   Augustan

   Au*gus"tan (?), a. [L. Augustanus, fr. Augustus. See August, n.]

   1. Of or pertaining to Augustus C\'91sar or to his times.

   2. Of or pertaining to the town of Augsburg.
   Augustan  age  of  any  national literature, the period of its highest
   state  of  purity  and  refinement;  -- so called because the reign of
   Augustus  C\'91sar  was  the  golden age of Roman literature. Thus the
   reign  of  Louis  XIV.  (b.  1638) has been called the Augustan age of
   French  literature,  and that of Queen Anne (b. 1664) the Augustan age
   of  English  literature.  --  Augustan  confession  (Eccl.  Hist.), or
   confession of Augsburg, drawn up at Augusta Vindelicorum, or Augsburg,
   by  Luther  and  Melanchthon,  in 1530, contains the principles of the
   Protestants,  and their reasons for separating from the Roman Catholic
   church.
   
                            Augustine, Augustinian
                                       
   Au*gus"tine  (?),  Au`gus*tin"i*an  (?), n. (Eccl.) A member of one of
   the religious orders called after St. Augustine; an Austin friar.
   
                                  Augustinian
                                       
   Au`gus*tin"i*an, a. Of or pertaining to St. Augustine, bishop of Hippo
   in  Northern  Africa  (b.  354  --  d.  430),  or  to  his  doctrines.
   Augustinian  canons,  an  order  of  monks once popular in England and
   Ireland;  --  called  also  regular  canons  of  St. Austin, and black
   canons.  --  Augustinian  hermits or Austin friars, an order of friars
   established  in  1265 by Pope Alexander IV. It was introduced into the
   United  States  from Ireland in 1790. -- Augustinian nuns, an order of
   nuns  following the rule of St. Augustine. -- Augustinian rule, a rule
   for   religious  communities  based  upon  the  109th  letter  of  St.
   Augustine, and adopted by the Augustinian orders. <-- sic original was
   "Regular canons of St. Austin".?? Not St. Augustine? -->

                                  Augustinian

   Au`gus*tin"i*an,  n.  One  of  a  class of divines, who, following St.
   Augustine,  maintain  that grace by its nature is effectual absolutely
   and creatively, not relatively and conditionally.

                          Augustinianism, Augustinism

   Au`gus*tin"i*an*ism  (?),  Au*gus"tin*ism,  n.  The  doctrines held by
   Augustine or by the Augustinians.

                                   Augustly

   Au*gust"ly, adv. In an august manner.

                                  Augustness

   Au*gust"ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  august;  dignity  of mien;
   grandeur; magnificence.

                                      Auk

   Auk  (?),  n.  [Prov.  E.  alk;  akin to Dan. alke, Icel. & Sw. alka.]
   (Zo\'94l.)  A name given to various species of arctic sea birds of the
   family  Alcid\'91.  The  great  auk, now extinct, is Alca (OR Plautus)
   impennis. The razor-billed auk is A. torda. See Puffin, Guillemot, and
   Murre.

                                    Aukward

   Auk"ward (?), a. See Awkward. [Obs.]

                                   Aularian

   Au*la"ri*an  (?),  a.  [L.  aula  hall.  Cf.  LL. aularis of a court.]
   Relating to a hall.

                                   Aularian

   Au*la"ri*an,  n. At Oxford, England, a member of a hall, distinguished
   from a collegian. Chalmers.

                                     Auld

   Auld  (?),  a.  [See  Old.]  Old;  as, Auld Reekie (old smoky), i. e.,
   Edinburgh. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

                                Auld lang syne

   Auld`   lang   syne"   (?).   A  Scottish  phrase  used  in  recalling
   recollections of times long since past. "The days of auld lang syne."

                                    Auletic

   Au*let"ic  (?),  a.  [L.  auleticus,  Gr.  Of  or pertaining to a pipe
   (flute) or piper. [R.] Ash.

                                     Aulic

   Au"lic, a. [L. aulicus, Gr. Pertaining to a royal court.

     Ecclesiastical wealth and aulic dignities. Landor.

   Aulic  council  (Hist.),  a  supreme  court  of the old German empire;
   properly  the  supreme court of the emperor. It ceased at the death of
   each emperor, and was renewed by his successor. It became extinct when
   the German empire was dissolved, in 1806. The term is now applied to a
   council  of the war department of the Austrian empire, and the members
   of  different  provincial  chanceries  of that empire are called aulic
   councilors. P. Cyc.
   
                                     Aulic
                                       
   Au"lic, n. The ceremony observed in conferring the degree of doctor of
   divinity in some European universities. It begins by a harangue of the
   chancellor  addressed  to the young doctor, who then receives the cap,
   and presides at the disputation (also called the aulic). 

                                     Auln

   Auln (?), n. An ell. [Obs.] See Aune.

                               Aulnage, Aulnager

   Aul"nage (?), Aul"na*ger (?), n. See Alnage and Alnager.

                                      Aum

   Aum (?), n. Same as Aam.

                                    Aumail

   Au*mail"  (?),  v.  t. [OE. for amel, enamel.] To figure or variegate.
   [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Aumbry

   Aum"bry (?), n. Same as Ambry.

                                    Aumery

   Au"me*ry (?), n. A form of Ambry, a closet; but confused with Almonry,
   as if a place for alms.

                                    Auncel

   Aun"cel  (?),  n.  A  rude balance for weighing, and a kind of weight,
   formerly used in England. Halliwell.

                                   Auncetry

   Aun"cet*ry (?), n. Ancestry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Aune

   Aune  (?),  n.  [F.  See Alnage.] A French cloth measure, of different
   parts  of  the  country  (at  Paris,  0.95  of an English ell); -- now
   superseded by the meter.

                                     Aunt

   Aunt (?), n. [OF. ante, F. tante, L. amita father's sister. Cf. Amma.]

   1.  The  sister of one's father or mother; -- correlative to nephew or
   niece. Also applied to an uncle's wife.

     NOTE: &hand; Au nt is  so metimes ap plied as  a  ti tle or term of
     endearment to a kind elderly woman not thus related.

   2. An old woman; and old gossip. [Obs.] Shak.

   3. A bawd, or a prostitute. [Obs.] Shak.
   Aunt  Sally,  a  puppet head placed on a pole and having a pipe in its
   mouth;  also  a  game,  which  consists  in  trying to hit the pipe by
   throwing short bludgeons at it.

                                    Auntter

   Aunt"ter (?), n. Adventure; hap. [Obs.] In aunters, perchance.

                                Aunter, Auntre

   Aun"ter,  Aun"tre  (?),  v.  t.  [See Adventure.] To venture; to dare.
   [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                 Auntie, Aunty

   Aunt"ie,  Aunt"y  (?), n. A familiar name for an aunt. In the southern
   United States a familiar term applied to aged negro women.

                                   Auntrous

   Aun"trous (?), a. Adventurous. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Aura

   Au"ra (?), n.; pl. Aur\'91 (. [L. aura air, akin to Gr.

   1.  Any  subtile, invisible emanation, effluvium, or exhalation from a
   substance,  as the aroma of flowers, the odor of the blood, a supposed
   fertilizing emanation from the pollen of flowers, etc.

   2.  (Med.)  The  peculiar sensation, as of a light vapor, or cold air,
   rising from the trunk or limbs towards the head, a premonitory symptom
   of epilepsy or hysterics.
   Electric  ~,  a supposed electric fluid, emanating from an electrified
   body,   and  forming  a  mass  surrounding  it,  called  the  electric
   atmosphere. See Atmosphere, 2.
   
                                     Aural
                                       
   Au"ral  (?),  a.  [L. aura air.] Of or pertaining to the air, or to an
   aura. 

                                     Aural

   Au"ral,  a.  [L.  auris  ear.]  Of or pertaining to the ear; as, aural
   medicine and surgery.

                                 Aurantiaceous

   Au*ran`ti*a"ceous   (?),   a.   Pertaining   to,  or  resembling,  the
   Aurantiace\'91,  an  order of plants (formerly considered natural), of
   which the orange is the type.

                                    Aurate

   Au"rate  (?), n. [L. auratus, p. p. of aurare to gild, fr. aurum gold:
   cf.  F.  aurate.] (Chem.) A combination of auric acid with a base; as,
   aurate or potassium.

                                    Aurated

   Au"ra*ted (?), a. [See Aurate.]

   1. Resembling or containing gold; gold-colored; gilded.

   2. (Chem.) Combined with auric acid.

                                    Aurated

   Au"ra*ted (?), a. Having ears. See Aurited.

                                    Aureate

   Au"re*ate  (?),  a.  [L. aureatus, fr. aureus golden, fr. aurum gold.]
   Golden; gilded. Skelton.

                                    Aurelia

   Au*re"li*a  (?;  106),  n. [NL., fr. L. aurum gold: cf. F. aur\'82lie.
   Cf.  Chrysalis.]  (Zo\'94l.)  (a) The chrysalis, or pupa of an insect,
   esp.  when reflecting a brilliant golden color, as that of some of the
   butterflies. (b) A genus of jellyfishes. See Discophora.

                                   Aurelian

   Au*re"li*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the aurelia.

                                   Aurelian

   Au*re"li*an,  n.  An amateur collector and breeder of insects, esp. of
   butterflies and moths; a lepidopterist.

                               Aureola, Aureole

   Au*re"o*la (?), Au"re*ole (?), n. [F. aur\'82ole, fr. L. aureola, (fem
   adj.)  of  gold  (sc.  corona  crown),  dim.  of  aureus. See Aureate,
   Oriole.]

   1.  (R.  C. Theol.) A celestial crown or accidental glory added to the
   bliss of heaven, as a reward to those (as virgins, martyrs, preachers,
   etc.) who have overcome the world, the flesh, and the devil.

   2.  The circle of rays, or halo of light, with which painters surround
   the  figure and represent the glory of Christ, saints, and others held
   in special reverence.

     NOTE: &hand; Li mited to  the head, it is strictly termed a nimbus;
     when it envelops the whole body, an aureola.

   Fairholt.

   3. A halo, actual or figurative.

     The  glorious  aureole  of  light  seen around the sun during total
     eclipses. Proctor.

     The aureole of young womanhood. O. W. Holmes.

   4. (Anat.) See Areola, 2.

                                     Auric

   Au"ric (?), a. [L. aurum gold.]

   1. Of or pertaining to gold.

   2.  (Chem.)  Pertaining  to,  or  derived from, gold; -- said of those
   compounds  of  gold  in which this element has its higher valence; as,
   auric oxide; auric chloride.

                                 Aurichalceous

   Au`ri*chal"ce*ous  (?),  a.  [L.  aurichalcum,  for orichalcum brass.]
   (Zo\'94l.) Brass-colored.

                                 Aurichalcite

   Au`ri*chal"cite   (?),   n.  [See  Aurichalceous.]  (Min.)  A  hydrous
   carbonate  of copper and zinc, found in pale green or blue crystalline
   aggregations. It yields a kind of brass on reduction.

                                    Auricle

   Au"ri*cle (?), n. [L. auricula, dim. of auris ear. See Ear.]

   1.  (Anat.)  (a)  The  external  ear, or that part of the ear which is
   prominent  from the head. (b) The chamber, or one of the two chambers,
   of  the  heart,  by which the blood is received and transmitted to the
   ventricle  or  ventricles;  --  so  called from its resemblance to the
   auricle or external ear of some quadrupeds. See Heart.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) An angular or ear-shaped lobe.

   3. An instrument applied to the ears to give aid in hearing; a kind of
   ear trumpet. Mansfield.

                                   Auricled

   Au"ri*cled  (?), a. Having ear-shaped appendages or lobes; auriculate;
   as, auricled leaves.

                                   Auricula

   Au*ric"u*la  (?),  n.;  pl.  L.  Auricul\'91  (,  E.  Auriculas (. [L.
   auricula. See Auricle.]

   1. (Bot.) (a) A species of Primula, or primrose, called also, from the
   shape  of  its  leaves,  bear's-ear. (b) (b) A species of Hirneola (H.
   auricula),  a  membranaceous  fungus, called also auricula Jud\'91, or
   Jew's-ear. P. Cyc.

   2.  (Zo\'94l.) (a) A genus of air-breathing mollusks mostly found near
   the  sea,  where  the  water  is  brackish  (b) One of the five arched
   processes of the shell around the jaws of a sea urchin. <-- p. 102 -->

                                   Auricular

   Au*ric"u*lar  (?),  a.  [LL.  auricularis:  cf.  F.  auriculaire.  See
   Auricle.]

   1.  Of  or  pertaining  to  the  ear,  or to the sense of hearing; as,
   auricular nerves.

   2. Told in the ear, i. e., told privately; as, auricular confession to
   the priest.

     This  next  chapter  is  a penitent confession of the king, and the
     strangest . . . that ever was auricular. Milton.

   3. Recognized by the ear; known by the sense of hearing; as, auricular
   evidence. "Auricular assurance." Shak.

   4.  Received  by  the  ear;  known  by report. "Auricular traditions."
   Bacon.

   5. (Anat.) Pertaining to the auricles of the heart.
   Auricular  finger,  the  little  finger;  so  called because it can be
   readily introduced into the ear passage.

                                  Auricularia

   Au*ric`u*la"ri*a  (?),  n.  pl.  [Neut.  pl.,  fr.  LL.  auricularis.]
   (Zo\'94l.)  A  kind of holothurian larva, with soft, blunt appendages.
   See Illustration in Appendix.

                                  Auricularly

   Au*ric"u*lar*ly, adv. In an auricular manner.

                                  Auriculars

   Au*ric"u*lars  (?), n. pl. (Zo\'94l.) A circle of feathers surrounding
   the opening of the ear of birds.

                            Auriculate, Auriculated

   Au*ric"u*late  (?),  Au*ric"u*la`ted  (?),  a.  [See Auricle.] (Biol.)
   Having  ears  or  appendages like ears; eared. Esp.: (a) (Bot.) Having
   lobes  or  appendages like the ear; shaped like the ear; auricled. (b)
   (Zo\'94l.)  Having  an  angular projection on one or both sides, as in
   certain  bivalve  shells, the foot of some gastropods, etc. Auriculate
   leaf,  one  having  small appended leaves or lobes on each side of its
   petiole or base.

                                  Auriferous

   Au*rif"er*ous  (?), a. [L. aurifer; aurum gold + ferre to bear: cf. F.
   aurif\'8are.] Gold-bearing; containing or producing gold.

     Whence many a bursting stream auriferous plays. Thomson.

   \'f7  pyrites,  iron  pyrites  (iron disulphide), containing some gold
   disseminated through it.

                                  Auriflamme

   Au"ri*flamme (?), n. See Oriflamme.

                                   Auriform

   Au"ri*form  (?),  a.  [L.  auris  ear + -form.] Having the form of the
   human ear; ear-shaped.

                                    Auriga

   Au*ri"ga (?), n. [L., charioteer.] (Anat.) The Charioteer, or Wagoner,
   a  constellation  in the northern hemisphere, situated between Perseus
   and Gemini. It contains the bright star Capella.

                                    Aurigal

   Au*ri"gal (?), a. [L. aurigalis.] Of or pertaining to a chariot. [R.]

                                  Aurigation

   Au`ri*ga"tion  (?), n. [L. aurigatio, fr. aurigare to be a charioteer,
   fr.  auriga.]  The  act  of  driving  a chariot or a carriage. [R.] De
   Quincey.

                                  Aurigraphy

   Au*rig"ra*phy  (?),  n.  [L. aurum gold + -graphy.] The art of writing
   with or in gold.

                                     Aurin

   Au"rin  (?), n. [L. aurum gold.] (Chem.) A red coloring matter derived
   from phenol; -- called also, in commerce, yellow coralin.

                                 Auriphrygiate

   Au`ri*phryg"i*ate  (?),  a.  [LL.  auriphrigiatus; L. aurum gold + LL.
   phrygiare  to  adorn  with  Phrygian  needlework,  or with embroidery;
   perhaps  corrupted  from some other word. Cf. Orfrays.] Embroidered or
   decorated with gold. [R.] Southey.

                                  Auripigment

   Au`ri*pig"ment (?), n. See Orpiment. [Obs.]

                                   Auriscalp

   Au"ri*scalp (?), n. [L. auris ear + scalpere to scrape.] An earpick.

                                   Auriscope

   Au"ri*scope  (?),  n.  [L.  auris  + -scope.] (Med.) An instrument for
   examining the condition of the ear.

                                   Auriscopy

   Au*ris"co*py  (?),  n.  Examination  of  the  ear  by  the  aid of the
   auriscope.

                                    Aurist

   Au"rist  (?),  n.  [L.  auris ear.] One skilled in treating and curing
   disorders of the ear.

                                    Aurited

   Au"ri*ted (?), a. [L. auritus, fr. auris ear.] (Zo\'94l.) Having lobes
   like the ear; auriculate.

                                  Aurivorous

   Au*riv"o*rous   (?),   a.   [L.   aurum  gold  +  vorare  to  devour.]
   Gold-devouring. [R.] H. Walpole.

                                 Aurocephalous

   Au`ro*ceph"a*lous  (?),  a.  [Aurum  + cephalous.] (Zo\'94l.) Having a
   gold-colored head.

                                 Aurochloride

   Au`ro*chlo"ride (?), n. [Aurum + chloride.] (Chem.) The trichloride of
   gold  combination with the chloride of another metal, forming a double
   chloride; -- called also chloraurate.

                                    Aurochs

   Au"rochs  (?),  n. [G. auerochs, OHG. ; (cf. AS. ) + ohso ox, G. ochs.
   Cf.  Owre,  Ox.]  (Zo\'94l.)  The  European  bison  (Bison bonasus, or
   Europ\'91us),  once widely distributed, but now nearly extinct, except
   where  protected  in  the  Lithuanian  forests,  and  perhaps  in  the
   Caucasus.  It is distinct from the Urus of C\'91sar, with which it has
   often been confused.

                                  Aurocyanide

   Au`ro*cy"a*nide (?), n. [Aurum + cyanide.] (Chem.) A double cyanide of
   gold and some other metal or radical; -- called also cyanaurate.

                                    Aurora

   Au*ro"ra  (?), n.; pl. E. Auroras (, L. (rarely used) Auror\'91 (. [L.
   aurora, for ausosa, akin to Gr. ushas, and E. east.]

   1.  The  rising  light of the morning; the dawn of day; the redness of
   the sky just before the sun rises.

   2. The rise, dawn, or beginning. Hawthorne.

   3.  (Class.  Myth.)  The Roman personification of the dawn of day; the
   goddess  of the morning. The poets represented her a rising out of the
   ocean, in a chariot, with rosy fingers dropping gentle dew.

   4. (Bot.) A species of crowfoot. Johnson.

   5.  The  aurora  borealis  or  aurora  australis (northern or southern
   lights).
   Aurora borealis (, i. e., northern daybreak; popularly called northern
   lights.  A  luminous  meteoric  phenomenon, visible only at night, and
   supposed  to  be  of  electrical origin. This species of light usually
   appears  in  streams, ascending toward the zenith from a dusky line or
   bank,  a  few  degrees above the northern horizon; when reaching south
   beyond the zenith, it forms what is called the corona, about a spot in
   the  heavens  toward which the dipping needle points. Occasionally the
   aurora  appears  as  an  arch of light across the heavens from east to
   west. Sometimes it assumes a wavy appearance, and the streams of light
   are then called merry dancers. They assume a variety of colors, from a
   pale  red or yellow to a deep red or blood color. The Aurora australis
   (is a corresponding phenomenon in the southern hemisphere, the streams
   of light ascending in the same manner from near the southern horizon.

                                    Auroral

   Au*ro"ral (?), a. Belonging to, or resembling, the aurora (the dawn or
   the northern lights); rosy.

     Her cheeks suffused with an auroral blush. Longfellow.

                                    Aurous

   Au"rous (?), a.

   1. Containing gold.

   2.  (Chem.)  Pertaining  to,  or  derived from, gold; -- said of those
   compounds  of  gold  in  which this element has its lower valence; as,
   aurous oxide.

                                     Aurum

   Au"rum  (?),  n.  [L.]  Gold. Aurum fulminans (See Fulminate. -- Aurum
   mosaicum (See Mosaic.

                                    Auscult

   Aus*cult" (?), v. i. & t. To auscultate.

                                  Auscultate

   Aus"cul*tate  (?),  v. i. & t. To practice auscultation; to examine by
   auscultation.

                                 Auscultation

   Aus`cul*ta"tion (?), n. [L. ausculcatio, fr. auscultare to listen, fr.
   a dim. of auris, orig. ausis, ear. See Auricle, and cf. Scout, n.]

   1. The act of listening or hearkening to. Hickes.

   2.  (Med.)  An  examination  by listening either directly with the ear
   (immediate auscultation) applied to parts of the body, as the abdomen;
   or  with  the  stethoscope (mediate ~), in order to distinguish sounds
   recognized as a sign of health or of disease.

                                  Auscultator

   Aus"cul*ta`tor (?), n. One who practices auscultation.

                                 Auscultatory

   Aus*cul"ta*to*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to auscultation. Dunglison.

                                   Ausonian

   Au*so"ni*an  (?),  a.  [L.  Ausonia,  poetic name for Italy.] Italian.
   Milton.

                                   Auspicate

   Aus"pi*cate  (?),  a.  [L.  auspicatus,  p.  p.  of  auspicari to take
   auspices,  fr. auspex a bird seer, an augur, a contr. of avispex; avis
   bird + specere, spicere, to view. See Aviary, Spy.] Auspicious. [Obs.]
   Holland.

                                   Auspicate

   Aus"pi*cate (?), v. t.

   1. To foreshow; to foretoken. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

   2.  To  give  a  favorable  turn to in commencing; to inaugurate; -- a
   sense  derived  from  the  Roman  practice of taking the auspicium, or
   inspection of birds, before undertaking any important business.

     They auspicate all their proceedings. Burke.

                                    Auspice

   Aus"pice  (?),  n.;  pl. Auspices (. [L. auspicium, fr. auspex: cf. F.
   auspice. See Auspicate, a.]

   1.  A divining or taking of omens by observing birds; an omen as to an
   undertaking,  drawn from birds; an augury; an omen or sign in general;
   an indication as to the future.

   2. Protection; patronage and care; guidance.

     Which by his auspice they will nobler make. Dryden.

     NOTE: &hand; In  this sense the word is generally plural, auspices;
     as, under the auspices of the king.

                                   Auspicial

   Aus*pi"cial (?), a. Of or pertaining to auspices; auspicious. [R.]

                                  Auspicious

   Aus*pi"cious (?), a. [See Auspice.]

   1.  Having  omens  or  tokens  of a favorable issue; giving promise of
   success,  prosperity, or happiness; predicting good; as, an auspicious
   beginning.

     Auspicious union of order and freedom. Macaulay.

   2.  Prosperous;  fortunate;  as, auspicious years. "Auspicious chief."
   Dryden.

   3.  Favoring;  favorable; propitious; -- applied to persons or things.
   "Thy auspicious mistress." Shak. "Auspicious gales." Pope. Syn. -- See
   Propitious. -- Aus*pi"cious*ly, adv. -- Aus*pi"cious*ness, n.

                                    Auster

   Aus"ter  (?),  n.  [L.  auster a dry, hot, south wind; the south.] The
   south wind. Pope.

                                    Austere

   Aus*tere" (?), [F. aust\'8are, L. austerus, fr. Gr. Sear.]

   1.  Sour  and  astringent; rough to the state; having acerbity; as, an
   austere crab apple; austere wine.

   2.  Severe in modes of judging, or living, or acting; rigid; rigorous;
   stern; as, an austere man, look, life.

     From whom the austere Etrurian virtue rose. Dryden.

   3.  Unadorned;  unembellished;  severely  simple. Syn. -- Harsh; sour;
   rough; rigid; stern; severe; rigorous; strict.

                                   Austerely

   Aus*tere"ly, adv. Severely; rigidly; sternly.

     A doctrine austerely logical. Macaulay.

                                  Austereness

   Aus*tere"ness, n.

   1. Harshness or astringent sourness to the taste; acerbity. Johnson.

   2. Severity; strictness; austerity. Shak.

                                   Austerity

   Aus*ter"i*ty  (?),  n.;  pl.  Austplwies  (.  [F.  aust\'82rit\'82, L.
   austerias, fr. austerus. See Austere.]

   1. Sourness and harshness to the taste. [Obs.] Horsley.

   2.  Severity  of  manners  or life; extreme rigor or strictness; harsh
   discipline.

     The austerity of John the Baptist. Milton.

   3. Plainness; freedom from adornment; severe simplicity.

     Partly  owing  to the studied austerity of her dress, and partly to
     the lack of demonstration in her manners. Hawthorne.

                                    Austin

   Aus"tin (?), a. Augustinian; as, Austin friars.

                                    Austral

   Aus"tral (?), a. [L. australis, fr. auster: cf. F. austral.] Southern;
   lying  or being in the south; as, austral land; austral ocean. Austral
   signs  (Astron.),  the last six signs of the zodiac, or those south of
   the equator.

                                 Australasian

   Aus`tral*a"sian   (?),   a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  Australasia;  as,
   Australasian regions. -- n. A native or an inhabitant of Australasia.

                                  Australian

   Aus*tra"li*an  (?),  a. [From L. Terra Australis southern land.] Of or
   pertaining to Australia. -- n. A native or an inhabitant of Australia.

                                  Australize

   Aus"tral*ize  (?), v. i. [See Austral.] To tend toward the south pole,
   as a magnet. [Obs.]

     They  [magnets] do septentrionate at one extreme, and australize at
     another. Sir T. Browne.

                                   Austrian

   Aus"tri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Austria, or to its inhabitants.
   -- n. A native or an inhabitant of Austria.

                                   Austrine

   Aus"trine  (?),  n.  [L.  austrinus,  from  auster  south.]  Southern;
   southerly; austral. [Obs.] Bailey.

                               Austro-Hungarian

   Aus"tro-Hun*ga"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the monarchy composed
   of Austria and Hungary.

                                  Austromancy

   Aus"tro*man`cy  (?),  n. [L. auster south wind + -mancy.] Soothsaying,
   or prediction of events, from observation of the winds.

                                   Autarchy

   Au"tar*chy (?), n. [Gr. Self-sufficiency. [Obs.] Milton.

                                   Authentic

   Au*then"tic  (?), a. [OE. autentik, OF. autentique, F. authentique, L.
   authenticus  coming  from  the  real  author, of original or firsthand
   authority,  from  Gr.  sons  and perh. orig. from the p. pr. of to be,
   root  as,  and  meaning the one it really is. See Am, Sin, n., and cf.
   Effendi.]

   1. Having a genuine original or authority, in opposition to that which
   is  false,  fictitious,  counterfeit,  or  apocryphal;  being  what it
   purports  to  be;  genuine;  not  of  doubtful  origin;  real;  as, an
   authentic paper or register.

     To be avenged On him who had stole Jove's authentic fire. Milton.

   2. Authoritative. [Obs.] Milton.

   3.   Of  approved  authority;  true;  trustworthy;  credible;  as,  an
   authentic writer; an authentic portrait; authentic information.

   4. (Law) Vested with all due formalities, and legally attested.

   5.  (Mus.)  Having  as immediate relation to the tonic, in distinction
   from plagal, which has a correspondent relation to the dominant in the
   octave  below  the  tonic. Syn. -- Authentic, Genuine. These words, as
   here  compared,  have  reference  to  historical  documents. We call a
   document  genuine  when it can be traced back ultimately to the author
   or  authors from whom it professes to emanate. Hence, the word has the
   meaning,  "not changed from the original, uncorrupted, unadulterated:"
   as,  a  genuine text. We call a document authentic when, on the ground
   of  its  being  thus  traced  back,  it  may  be relied on as true and
   authoritative  (from  the  primary sense of "having an author, vouched
   for");  hence  its  extended  signification, in general literature, of
   trustworthy,  as  resting on unquestionable authority or evidence; as,
   an authentic history; an authentic report of facts.

     A  genuine  book is that which was written by the person whose name
     it  bears,  as  the  author  of it. An authentic book is that which
     relates  matters  of  fact  as  they really happened. A book may be
     genuine  without  being,  authentic,  and  a  book may be authentic
     without being genuine. Bp. Watson.

     NOTE: It may be said, however, that some writers use authentic (as,
     an  authentic  document) in the sense of "produced by its professed
     author, not counterfeit."

                                   Authentic

   Au*then"tic, n. An original (book or document). [Obs.] "Authentics and
   transcripts." Fuller.

                                  Authentical

   Au*then"tic*al (?), a. Authentic. [Archaic]

                                 Authentically

   Au*then"tic*al*ly,  adv. In an authentic manner; with the requisite or
   genuine authority.

                                Authenticalness

   Au*then*tic*al*ness,  n. The quality of being authentic; authenticity.
   [R.] Barrow.

                                 Authenticate

   Au*then"ti*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Authenticated (; p. pr. & vb.
   n. Authenticating ( [Cf. LL. authenticare.]

   1.   To  render  authentic;  to  give  authority  to,  by  the  proof,
   attestation,  or formalities required by law, or sufficient to entitle
   to credit.

     The  king  serves  only  as  a notary to authenticate the choice of
     judges. Burke.

   2.  To  prove  authentic;  to  determine  as  real  and  true;  as, to
   authenticate a portrait. Walpole.

                                 Authenticity

   Au`then*tic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. authenticit\'82.]

   1.  The  quality  of  being  authentic or of established authority for
   truth and correctness.

   2. Genuineness; the quality of being genuine or not corrupted from the
   original.

     NOTE: &hand; In later writers, especially those on the evidences of
     Christianity,  authenticity  is  often restricted in its use to the
     first of the above meanings, and distinguished from qenuineness.

                                  Authenticly

   Au*then"tic*ly (?), adv. Authentically.

                                 Authenticness

   Au*then"tic*ness,  n.  The  quality  of being authentic; authenticity.
   [R.] Hammond.

                                  Authentics

   Au*then"tics  (?),  n.  (Ciwil  Law) A collection of the Novels or New
   Constitutions  of  Justinian,  by an anonymous author; -- so called on
   account of its authencity. Bouvier.

                                    Author

   Au"thor  (?),  n.  [OE.  authour, autour, OF. autor, F. auteur, fr. L.
   auctor,  sometimes,  but  erroneously,  written  autor  or author, fr.
   augere to increase, to produce. See Auction, n.]

   1.  The  beginner,  former,  or  first  mover  of anything; hence, the
   efficient cause of a thing; a creator; an originator. <-- p. 103 -->

     Eternal King; thee, Author of all being. Milton.

   2.  One  who  composes or writers a book; a composer, as distinguished
   from an editor, translator, or compiler.

     The chief glory every people arises from its authors. Johnson.

   3. The editor of a periodical. [Obs.]

   4. An informant. [Archaic] Chaucer.

                                    Author

   Au"thor (?), v. t.

   1. To occasion; to originate. [Obs.]

     Such an overthrow . . . I have authored. Chapman.

   2. To tell; to say; to declare. [Obs.]

     More of him I dare not author. Massinger.

                                   Authoress

   Au"thor*ess, n. A female author. Glover.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e word is not very much used, author being commonly
     applied to a female writer as well as to a male.

                                   Authorial

   Au*tho"ri*al  (?),  a.  Of  or pertaining to an author. "The authorial
   Hare.

                                   Authorism

   Au"thor*ism (?), n. Authoriship. [R.]

                                 Authoritative

   Au*thor"i*ta*tive (?), a.

   1.  Having,  or proceeding from, due authority; entitled to obedience,
   credit, or acceptance; determinate; commanding.

     The sacred functions of authoritative teaching. Barrow.

   2.  Having an air of authority; positive; dictatorial; peremptory; as,
   an authoritative tone.

     The  mock authoritative manner of the one, and the insipid mirth of
     the other. Swift.

   -- Au*thor"i*ta*tive*ly, adv -- Au*thor"i*ta*tive*ness, n.

                                   Authority

   Au*thor"i*ty  (?), n.; pl. Authorities (. [OE. autorite, auctorite, F.
   autorit\'82, fr. L. auctoritas, fr. auctor. See Author, n.]

   1.  Legal  or  rightful  power;  a  right  to command or to act; power
   exercised  buy  a  person  in virtue of his office or trust; dominion;
   jurisdiction;  authorization;  as,  the  authority  of  a  prince over
   subjects, and of parents over children; the authority of a court.

     Thus  can the demigod, Authority, Make us pay down for our offense.
     Shak.

     By what authority doest thou these things ? Matt. xxi. 23.

   2.  Government;  the  persons or the body exercising power or command;
   as,  the  local  authorities  of the States; the military authorities.
   [Chiefly in the plural.]

   3.  The  power  derived from opinion, respect, or esteem; influence of
   character, office, or station, or mental or moral superiority, and the
   like;  claim  to  be  believed  or  obeyed;  as,  an  historian  of no
   authority; a magistrate of great authority.

   4.  That  which,  or  one who, is claimed or appealed to in support of
   opinions,  actions, measures, etc. Hence: (a) Testimony; witness. "And
   on  that  high  authority  had  believed."  Milton. (b) A precedent; a
   decision  of  a court, an official declaration, or an opinion, saying,
   or  statement worthy to be taken as a precedent. (c) A book containing
   such  a  statement  or  opinion,  or  the  author  of  the  book.  (d)
   Justification; warrant.

     Wilt  thou  be  glass  wherein  it shall discern Authority for sin,
     warrant for blame. Shak.

                                 Authorizable

   Au"thor*i`za*ble  (?),  a.  [LL.  authorisabilis.]  Capable  of  being
   authorized. Hammond.

                                 Authorization

   Au`thor*i*za"tion  (?),  n.  [Cf.  F. autorisation.] The act of giving
   authority  or  legal  power;  establishment  by authority; sanction or
   warrant.

     The authorization of laws. Motley.

     A special authorization from the chief. Merivale.

                                   Authorize

   Au"thor*ize  (?),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Authorized (; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Authorizing.]  [OE.  autorize,  F.  autoriser,  fr.  LL.  auctorizare,
   authorisare. See Author.]

   1.  To clothe with authority, warrant, or legal power; to give a right
   to  act;  to  empower;  as,  to  authorize  commissioners  to settle a
   boundary.

   2.  To  make  legal;  to  give  legal sanction to; to legalize; as, to
   authorize a marriage.

   3.  To  establish  by  authority,  as  by  usage or public opinion; to
   sanction; as, idioms authorized by usage.

   4.  To  sanction  or confirm by the authority of some one; to warrant;
   as, to authorize a report.

     A  woman's  story  at  a  winter's fire, Authorized by her grandam.
     Shak.

   5. To justify; to furnish a ground for. Locke.

                                To ~ one's self

   To ~ one's self, to rely for authority. [Obs.]

     Authorizing  himself,  for the most part, upon other histories. Sir
     P. Sidney.

                                  Authorized

   Au"thor*ized (?), a.

   1. Possessed of or endowed with authority; as, an authorized agent.

   2. Sanctioned by authority.
   The  Authorized Version of the Bible is the English translation of the
   Bible  published  in  1611  under  sanction  of  King  James I. It was
   "appointed  to be read in churches," and has been the accepted English
   Bible. The Revised Version was published in a complete form in 1855.

                                  Authorizer

   Au"thor*i`zer (?), n. One who authorizes.

                                  Authorless

   Au"thor*less, a. Without an author; without authority; anonymous.

                                   Authorly

   Au"thor*ly, a. Authorial. [R.] Cowper.

                                  Authorship

   Au"thor*ship, n.

   1.  The quality or state of being an author; function or dignity of an
   author.

   2.  Source;  origin;  origination;  as,  the  authorship  of a book or
   review, or of an act, or state of affairs.

                                   Authotype

   Au"tho*type  (?),  n.  A  type  or  block containing a facsimile of an
   autograph. Knight.

                                     Auto-

   Au"to- (. [Gr. A combining form, with the meaning of self, one's self,
   one's own, itself, its own.

                                Autobiographer

   Au`to*bi*og"ra*pher  (?), n. [Auto- + biographer.] One who writers his
   own life or biography.

                       Autobiographic, Autobiographical

   Au`to*bi`o*graph"ic (?), Au`to*bi`o*graph"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to,
   or  containing,  autobiography;  as, an autobiographical sketch. "Such
   traits     of     the     autobiographic     sort."     Carlyle.    --
   Au`to*bi`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                Autobiographist

   Au`to*bi*og"ra*phist   (?),  n.  One  who  writes  his  own  life;  an
   autobiographer. [R.]

                                 Autobiography

   Au`to*bi*og"ra*phy   (?),   n.;   pl.   Autobiographies  (.  [Auto-  +
   biography.] A biography written by the subject of it; memoirs of one's
   life written by one's self.

                           Autocarpous, Autocarpian

   Au`to*car"pous  (?),  Au`to*car"pi*an  (?),  a.  [Auto-  +  Gr. (Bot.)
   Consisting of the pericarp of the ripened pericarp with no other parts
   adnate to it, as a peach, a poppy capsule, or a grape.

                                 Autocephalous

   Au`to*ceph"a*lous  (?),  a.  [Gr.  (Eccl.  Hist.) Having its own head;
   independent of episcopal or patriarchal jurisdiction, as certain Greek
   churches.

                                Autochronograph

   Au`to*chron"o*graph  (?),  n. [Auto- + chronograph.] An instrument for
   the instantaneous self-recording or printing of time. Knight.

                                  Autochthon

   Au*toch"thon  (?),  n.; pl. E. Authochthons (, L. Autochthones (. [L.,
   fr. Gr.

   1.  One  who is supposed to rise or spring from the ground or the soil
   he  inhabits; one of the original inhabitants or aborigines; a native;
   --  commonly  in  the  plural.  This  title was assumed by the ancient
   Greeks, particularly the Athenians.

   2.  That which is original to a particular country, or which had there
   its origin.

                  Autochthonal, Authochthonic, Autochthonous

   Au*toch"tho*nal  (?),  Au`thoch*thon"ic  (?), Au*toch"tho*nous (?), a.
   Aboriginal; indigenous; native.

                                 Autochthonism

   Au*toch"tho*nism (?), n. The state of being autochthonal.

                                  Autochthony

   Au*toch"tho*ny, n. An aboriginal or autochthonous condition.

                                   Autoclave

   Au"to*clave (?), n. [F., fr. Gr. clavis key.] A kind of French stewpan
   with a steamtight lid. Knight.

                                   Autocracy

   Au*toc"ra*cy (?), n.; pl. Autocracies. [Gr. autocratie. See Autocrat.]

   1.   Independent   or  self-derived  power;  absolute  or  controlling
   authority; supremacy.

     The  divine  will moves, not by the external impulse or inclination
     of objects, but determines itself by an absolute autocracy. South.

   2.  Supreme,  uncontrolled, unlimited authority, or right of governing
   in a single person, as of an autocrat.

   3.  Political  independence  or  absolute  sovereignty  (of  a state);
   autonomy. Barlow.

   4.  (Med.)  The  action  of the vital principle, or of the instinctive
   powers,  toward  the  preservation  of the individual; also, the vital
   principle. [In this sense, written also autocrasy.] Dunglison.

                                   Autocrat

   Au"to*crat (?), n. [Gr. autocrate. See Hard, a.]

   1. An absolute sovereign; a monarch who holds and exercises the powers
   of  government by claim of absolute right, not subject to restriction;
   as, Autocrat of all the Russias (a title of the Czar).

   2.  One  who  rules with undisputed sway in any company or relation; a
   despot.

     The autocrat of the breakfast table. Holmes.

                           Autocratic, Autocratical

   Au`to*crat"ic  (?),  Au`to*crat"ic*al  (?),  a.  Of  or  pertaining to
   autocracy  or  to  an  autocrat;  absolute;  holding  independent  and
   arbitrary powers of government. -- Au`to*crat"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                  Autocrator

   Au*toc"ra*tor (?), n. [Gr. An autocrat. [Archaic]

                                Autocratorical

   Au`to*cra*tor"ic*al  (?),  a.  Pertaining  to an autocrator; absolute.
   [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.

                                  Autocratrix

   Au*toc"ra*trix (?), n. [NL.] A female sovereign who is independent and
   absolute; -- a title given to the empresses of Russia.

                                 Autocratship

   Au"to*crat*ship (?), n. The office or dignity of an autocrat.

                                 Auto-da-f\'82

   Au"to-da-f\'82" (?), n.; pl. Autos-da-f\'82 (. [Pg., act of the faith;
   auto act, fr. L. actus + da of the + f\'82 faith, fr. L. fides.]

   1.  A  judgment of the Inquisition in Spain and Portugal condemning or
   acquitting persons accused of religious offenses.

   2. An execution of such sentence, by the civil power, esp. the burning
   of  a  heretic.  It  was  usually held on Sunday, and was made a great
   public solemnity by impressive forms and ceremonies.

   3. A session of the court of Inquisition.

                                  Auto-de-fe

   Au"to-de-fe"  (?),  n.;  pl. Autos-de-fe. [Sp., act of faith.] Same as
   Auto-da-f\'82.

                                  Autodidact

   Au"to*di*dact` (?), n. [Gr. One who is self-taught; an automath.

                                  Autodynamic

   Au`to*dy*nam"ic (?), a. [Auto- + dynamic.] Supplying its own power; --
   applied to an instrument of the nature of a water-ram.

                                Autofecundation

   Au`to*fec`un*da"tion   (?),   n.   [Auto-   +   fecundation.]  (Biol.)
   Self-impregnation. Darwin.

                                  Autogamous

   Au*tog"a*mous    (?),    a.    (Bot.)   Characterized   by   autogamy;
   self-fertilized.

                                   Autogamy

   Au*tog"a*my  (?),  n.  [Auto-  +  Gr.  (Bot.)  Self-fertilization, the
   fertilizing  pollen  being derived from the same blossom as the pistil
   acted upon.

                                  Autogeneal

   Au`to*ge"ne*al (?), a. Self-produced; autogenous.

                                  Autogenesis

   Au`to*gen"e*sis   (?),  n.  [Auto-  +  genesis.]  (Biol.)  Spontaneous
   generation.

                                  Autogenetic

   Au`to*ge*net"ic    (?),    a.   (Biol.)   Relating   to   autogenesis;
   self-generated.

                                  Autogenous

   Au*tog"e*nous (?), a. [Gr.

   1. (Biol.) Self-generated; produced independently.

   2. (Anat.) Developed from an independent center of ossification. Owen.
   Autogenous  soldering,  the junction by fusion of the joining edges of
   metals without the intervention of solder.

                                 Autogenously

   Au*tog"e*nous*ly (?), adv. In an autogenous manner; spontaneously.

                                   Autograph

   Au"to*graph (?), n. [F. autographe, fr. Gr. That which is written with
   one's  own  hand;  an original manuscript; a person's own signature or
   handwriting.

                                   Autograph

   Au"to*graph (?), a. In one's own handwriting; as, an autograph letter;
   an autograph will.

                                  Autographal

   Au*tog"ra*phal (?), a. Autographic. [Obs.]

                          Autographic, Autographical

   Au`to*graph"ic (?), Au`to*graph"ic*al (?), a.

   1. Pertaining to an autograph, or one's own handwriting; of the nature
   of an autograph.

   2.  Pertaining  to,  or  used  in,  the  process  of  autography;  as,
   autographic ink, paper, or press.

                                  Autography

   Au*tog"ra*phy (?), n. [Cf. F. autographie.]

   1.   The  science  of  autographs;  a  person's  own  handwriting;  an
   autograph.

   2.  A  process  in  lithography  by  which  a  writing  or  drawing is
   transferred from paper to stone. Ure.

                                   Autolatry

   Au*tol"a*try (?), n. [Auto- + Gr. Self-worship. Farrar.

                                   Automath

   Au"to*math (?), n. [Gr. One who is self-taught. [R.] Young.

                            Automatic, Automatical

   Au`to*mat"ic  (?),  Au`to*mat"ic*al  (?),  a. [Cf. F. automatique. See
   Automaton.]

   1. Having an inherent power of action or motion.

     Nothing can be said to be automatic. Sir H. Davy.

   2.  Pertaining  to,  or produced by, an automaton; of the nature of an
   automaton;  self-acting  or self-regulating under fixed conditions; --
   esp.  applied to machinery or devices in which certain things formerly
   or  usually done by hand are done by the machine or device itself; as,
   the  automatic  feed  of a lathe; automatic gas lighting; an automatic
   engine or switch; an automatic mouse.

   3. Not voluntary; not depending on the will; mechanical; as, automatic
   movements or functions.

     Unconscious or automatic reasoning. H. Spenser.

   Automatic arts, such economic arts or manufacture as are carried on by
   self-acting machinery. Ure.

                                 Automatically

   Au`to*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. In an automatic manner.

                                  Automatism

   Au*tom"a*tism  (?),  n.  The  state or quality of being automatic; the
   power  of  self-moving;  automatic, mechanical, or involuntary action.
   (Metaph.) A theory as to the activity of matter.

                                   Automaton

   Au*tom"a*ton  (?), n.; pl. L. Automata (, E. Automatons (. [L. fr. Gr.
   ma, man, to strive, think, cf. Mean, v. i.]

   1.  Any  thing  or  being  regarded as having the power of spontaneous
   motion or action. Huxley.

     So great and admirable an automaton as the world. Boyle.

     These living automata, human bodies. Boyle.

   2.  A  self-moving  machine,  or one which has its motive power within
   itself;  --  applied  chiefly  to  machines  which  appear  to imitate
   spontaneously the motions of living beings, such as men, birds, etc.

                                  Automatous

   Au*tom"a*tous (?), a. [L. automatus, Gr. Automaton.] Automatic. [Obs.]
   "Automatous organs." Sir T. Browne.

                                  Automorphic

   Au`to*mor"phic (?), a. [Auto- + Gr. Patterned after one's self.

     The  conception  which  any one frames of another's mind is more or
     less  after  the  pattern  of  his  own mind, -- is automorphic. H.
     Spenser.

                                 Automorphism

   Au`to*mor"phism (?), n. Automorphic characterization. H. Spenser.

                                  Autonomasy

   Au`to*nom"a*sy (?), n. [Auto- + Gr. antonomasia.] (Rhet.) The use of a
   word  of  common or general signification for the name of a particular
   thing; as, "He has gone to town," for, "He has gone to London."

                                   Autonomic

   Au`to*nom"ic  (?), a. Having the power of self-government; autonomous.
   Hickok.

                                   Autoomist

   Au"to"o*mist  (?),  n.  [Cf.  F.  automiste.  See  Autonomy.]  One who
   advocates autonomy.

                                  Autonomous

   Au*ton"o*mous (?), a. [Gr.

   1.   Independent   in   government;  having  the  right  or  power  of
   self-government.

   2. (Biol.) Having independent existence or laws.

                                   Autonomy

   Au*ton"o*my (?), n. [Gr. autonomie. See Autonomous.]

   1.   The  power  or  right  of  self-government;  self-government,  or
   political independence, of a city or a state.

   2.  (Metaph.)  The  sovereignty  of reason in the sphere of morals; or
   man's  power, as possessed of reason, to give law to himself. In this,
   according  to Kant, consist the true nature and only possible proof of
   liberty. Fleming.

                                   Autophagi

   Au*toph"a*gi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Birds which are able
   to run about and obtain their own food as soon as hatched.

                                   Autophoby

   Au*toph"o*by  (?),  n.  [Auto- + Gr. Fear of one's self; fear of being
   egotistical. [R.] Hare.

                                   Autophony

   Au*toph"o*ny  (?),  n.  [Auto-  +  Gr. (Med.) An auscultatory process,
   which  consists  in noting the tone of the observer's own voice, while
   he speaks, holding his head close to the patient's chest. Dunglison.

                                  Autoplastic

   Au`to*plas"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to autoplasty.

                                  Autoplasty

   Au"to*plas`ty  (?),  n.  [Auto-  +  -plasty.]  (Surg.)  The process of
   artificially repairing lesions by taking a piece of healthy tissue, as
   from a neighboring part, to supply the deficiency caused by disease or
   wounds.

                             Autopsic, Autopsical

   Au*top"sic   (?),   Au*top"sic*al   (?),  a.  Pertaining  to  autopsy;
   autoptical. [Obs.]

                                  Autopsorin

   Au*top"so*rin  (?),  n.  [Auto- + Gr. (Med.) That which is given under
   the doctrine of administering a patient's own virus.

                                    Autopsy

   Au"top*sy (?), n. [Gr. autopsie. See Optic, a.]

   1.  Personal  observation  or examination; seeing with one's own eyes;
   ocular view.

     By autopsy and experiment. Cudworth.

   2.  (Med.)  Dissection of a dead body, for the purpose of ascertaining
   the cause, seat, or nature of a disease; a post-mortem examination.

                             Autoptic, Autoptical

   Au*top"tic  (?),  Au*top"tic*al  (?),  a.  [Gr. autoptique.] Seen with
   one's own eyes; belonging to, or connected with, personal observation;
   as, autoptic testimony or experience. <-- p. 104 -->

                                 Autoptically

   Au*top"tic*al*ly  (?),  adv.  By  means  of  ocular view, or one's own
   observation. Sir T. Browne.

                      Autoschediastic, Autoschediastical

   Au`to*sche`di*as"tic (?), Au`to*sche`di*as"tic*al (?), a. [Auto- + Gr.
   Schediasm.] Extemporary; offhand. [R.] Dean Martin.

                                  Autostylic

   Au`to*styl"ic  (?), a. [Auto- + Gr. (Anat.) Having the mandibular arch
   articulated directly to the cranium, as in the skulls of the Amphibia.

                                  Autotheism

   Au"to*the`ism (?), n. [Auto- + theism.]

   1. The doctrine of God's self-existence. [R.]

   2. Deification of one's self; self-worship. [R.]

                                  Autotheist

   Au"to*the`ist, n. One given to self-worship. [R.]

                                   Autotype

   Au"to*type (?), n. [Auto- + -type: cf. F. autotype.]

   1. A facsimile.

   2.  A photographic picture produced in sensitized pigmented gelatin by
   exposure  to light under a negative; and subsequent washing out of the
   soluble parts; a kind of picture in ink from a gelatin plate.

                                Autotypography

   Au`to*ty*pog"ra*phy (?), n. [Auto- + typography.] A process resembling
   "nature printing," by which drawings executed on gelatin are impressed
   into  a  soft  metal  plate,  from  which the printing is done as from
   copperplate.

                                   Autotypy

   Au*tot"y*py (?), n. The art or process of making autotypes.

                                    Autumn

   Au"tumn  (?),  n.  [L.  auctumnus,  autumnus,  perh.  fr. a root av to
   satisfy one's self: cf. F. automne. See Avarice.]

   1.  The  third  season  of  the year, or the season between summer and
   winter,  often  called  "the  fall."  Astronomically, it begins in the
   northern  temperate  zone at the autumnal equinox, about September 23,
   and  ends  at  the  winter solstice, about December 23; but in popular
   language,  autumn,  in  America,  comprises  September,  October,  and
   November.

     NOTE: &hand; In  En gland, ac cording to  Johnson, autumn popularly
     comprises   August,   September,   and  October.  In  the  southern
     hemisphere, the autumn corresponds to our spring.

   2. The harvest or fruits of autumn. Milton.

   3. The time of maturity or decline; latter portion; third stage.

     Dr.  Preston  was now entering into the autumn of the duke's favor.
     Fuller.

     Life's autumn past, I stand on winter's verge. Wordsworth.

                                   Autumnal

   Au*tum"nal (?), a. [L. auctumnalis, autumnalis: cf. F. automnal.]

   1.  Of,  belonging  to,  or peculiar to, autumn; as, an autumnal tint;
   produced  or  gathered  in  autumn;  as, autumnal fruits; flowering in
   autumn; as, an autumnal plant.

     Thick  as  autumnal  leaves  that  strow the brooks In Vallombrosa.
     Milton.

   2. Past the middle of life; in the third stage.

     An autumnal matron. Hawthorne.

   Autumnal  equinox,  the  time  when the sun crosses the equator, as it
   proceeds  southward, or when it passes the ~ point. -- \'f7 point, the
   point  of the equator intersected by the ecliptic, as the sun proceeds
   southward;  the  first point of Libra. -- \'f7 signs, the signs Libra,
   Scorpio,  and  Sagittarius, through which the sun passes between the ~
   equinox and winter solstice.

                                  Auxanometer

   Aux`a*nom"e*ter  (?),  n.  [Gr.  -meter.] An instrument to measure the
   growth of plants. Goodale.

                                    Auxesis

   Aux*e"sis  (?),  n.  [NL.,  Gr.  (Rhet.) A figure by which a grave and
   magnificent word is put for the proper word; amplification; hyperbole.

                                    Auxetic

   Aux*et"ic   (?),  a.  [Gr.  Pertaining  to,  or  containing,  auxesis;
   amplifying.

                                   Auxiliar

   Aux*il"iar  (?;  106),  a.  [L.  auxiliaris:  cf.  F.  auxiliaire. See
   Auxiliary.] Auxiliary. [Archaic]

     The auxiliar troops and Trojan hosts appear. Pope.

                                   Auxiliar

   Aux*il"iar, n. An auxiliary. [Archaic] Milton.

                                  Auxiliarly

   Aux*il"iar*ly, adv. By way of help. Harris.

                                   Auxiliary

   Aux*il"ia*ry (?; 106), a. [L. auxiliarius, fr. auxilium help, aid, fr.
   augere   to  increase.]  Conferring  aid  or  help;  helping;  aiding;
   assisting;  subsidiary;  as auxiliary troops. Auxiliary scales (Mus.),
   the  scales  of relative or attendant keys. See under Attendant, a. --
   Auxiliary verbs (Gram.). See Auxiliary, n., 3.

                                   Auxiliary

   Aux*il"ia*ry, n.; pl. Auxiliaries (.

   1. A helper; an assistant; a confederate in some action or enterprise.

   2.  (Mil.)  pl.  Foreign  troops  in  the  service of a nation at war;
   (rarely in sing.), a member of the allied or subsidiary force.

   3. (Gram.) A verb which helps to form the voices, modes, and tenses of
   other  verbs;  --  called, also, an auxiliary verb; as, have, be, may,
   can,  do,  must,  shall,  and  will, in English; \'88tre and avoir, in
   French; avere and essere, in Italian; estar and haber, in Spanish.

   4.  (Math.)  A  quantity  introduced for the purpose of simplifying or
   facilitating  some  operation,  as  in  equations  or  trigonometrical
   formul\'91. Math. Dict.

                                  Auxiliatory

   Aux*il"ia*to*ry (?), a. Auxiliary; helping. [Obs.]

                                      Ava

   A"va (?), n. Same as Kava. Johnston.

                                   Avadavat

   Av`a*da*vat" (?), n. Same as Amadavat.

                                     Avail

   A*vail"  (?),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Availed (p. pr. & vb. n. Availing.]
   [OE.  availen,  fr.  F.  ad) + valoir to be worth, fr. L. valere to be
   strong, to be worth. See Valiant.]

   1.  To  turn  to  the advantage of; to be of service to; to profit; to
   benefit;  to  help; as, artifices will not avail the sinner in the day
   of judgment.

     O, what avails me now that honor high ! Milton.

   2. To promote; to assist. [Obs.] Pope.
   To avail one's self of, to make use of; take advantage of.

     Then shall they seek to avail themselves of names. Milton.

     I have availed myself of the very first opportunity. Dickens.

                                     Avail

   A*vail",  v.  i.  To be of use or advantage; to answer the purpose; to
   have strength, force, or efficacy sufficient to accomplish the object;
   as,  the  plea in bar must avail, that is, be sufficient to defeat the
   suit;  this  scheme  will not avail; medicines will not avail to check
   the disease. "What signs avail ?" Milton.

     Words avail very little with me, young man. Sir W. Scott.

                                     Avail

   A*vail" (?), n.

   1.  Profit;  advantage  toward  success;  benefit;  value;  as, labor,
   without economy, is of little avail.

     The avail of a deathbed repentance. Jer. Taylor.

   2. pl. Proceeds; as, the avails of a sale by auction.

     The avails of their own industry. Stoddard.

   Syn. -- Use; benefit; utility; profit; service.

                                     Avail

   A*vail", v. t. & i. See Avale, v. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                 Availability

   A*vail`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Availabilities (.

   1. The quality of being available; availableness.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd is sometimes used derogatively in the sense
     of "mere availableness," or capability of success without regard to
     worthiness.

     He was . . . nominated for his availability. Lowell.

   2. That which is available.

                                   Available

   A*vail"a*ble (?), a.

   1.  Having  sufficient  power,  force,  or  efficacy,  for the object;
   effectual; valid; as, an available plea. [Obs.]

     Laws human are available by consent. Hooker.

   2.  Such as one may avail one's self of; capable of being used for the
   accomplishment   of   a  purpose;  usable;  profitable;  advantageous;
   convertible  into  a  resource; as, an available measure; an available
   candidate.

     Struggling  to redeem, as he did, the available months and days out
     of so many that were unavailable. Carlyle.

     Having  no  available  funds  with  which  to  pay the calls on new
     shares. H. Spenser.

                                 Availableness

   A*vail"a*ble*ness, n.

   1.  Competent  power;  validity;  efficacy; as, the availableness of a
   title. [Obs.]

   2.  Quality  of  being  available;  capability  of  being used for the
   purpose intended. Sir M. Hale.

                                   Avaiably

   A*vai"a*bly,  adv. In an available manner; profitably; advantageously;
   efficaciously.

                                   Availment

   A*vail"ment (?), n. Profit; advantage. [Obs.]

                                   Avalanche

   Av"a*lanche` (?; 277), n. [F. avalanche, fr. avaler to descend, to let
   down,  from  aval  down,  downward;  ad) + val, L. vallis, valley. See
   Valley.]

   1.  A  large  mass  or  body  of  snow  and ice sliding swiftly down a
   mountain side, or falling down a precipice.

   2.  A  fall  of earth, rocks, etc., similar to that of an avalanche of
   snow or ice.

   3. A sudden, great, or irresistible descent or influx of anything.

                                     Avale

   A*vale"  (?),  v.  t.  &  i.  [F.  avaler to descend, to let down. See
   Avalanche.]

   1.  To  cause  to  descend;  to  lower;  to  let fall; to doff. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

   2. To bring low; to abase. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

   3. (v. i.) To descend; to fall; to dismount. [Obs.]

     And from their sweaty courses did avale. Spenser.

                                     Avant

   A*vant"  (?),  n.  [For avant-guard. Cf. Avaunt, Van.] The front of an
   army. [Obs.] See Van.

                                 Avant-courier

   A*vant"-cou`ri*er  (?),  n.  [F.,  fr.  avant  before  + courrier. See
   Avaunt,  and  Courier.]  A  person dispatched before another person or
   company, to give notice of his or their approach.

                                  Avant-guard

   A*vant"-guard`  (?;  &root;277),  n.  [F.  avant before + E. guard, F.
   avant-garde.  See  Avaunt.]  The  van or advanced body of an army. See
   Vanguard.

                                    Avarice

   Av"a*rice (?), n. [F. avaritia, fr. avarus avaricious, prob. fr. av to
   covert,  fr.  a  root  av to satiate one's self: cf. Gr. av to satiate
   one's self, rejoice, protect.]

   1. An excessive or inordinate desire of gain; greediness after wealth;
   covetousness; cupidity.

     To  desire  money for its own sake, and in order to hoard it up, is
     avarice. Beattie.

   2. An inordinate desire for some supposed good.

     All are taught an avarice of praise. Goldsmith.

                                  Avaricious

   Av`a*ri"cious (?), a. [Cf. F. avaricieux.] Actuated by avarice; greedy
   of  gain;  immoderately  desirous  of  accumulating  property. Syn. --
   Greedy;  stingy;  rapacious;  griping;  sordid;  close. -- Avaricious,
   Covetous,  Parsimonious, Penurious, Miserly, Niggardly. The avaricious
   eagerly  grasp  after  it  at  the  expense  of  others, though not of
   necessity with a design to save, since a man may be covetous and yet a
   spendthrift.  The  penurious,  parsimonious, and miserly save money by
   disgraceful  self-denial,  and  the  niggardly  by  meanness  in their
   dealing  with  others.  We  speak  of  persons as covetous in getting,
   avaricious  in  retaining,  parsimonious  in  expending,  penurious or
   miserly   in   modes   of   living,   niggardly   in   dispensing.  --
   Av`a*ri"cious*ly, adv -- Av`a*ri"cious*ness, n.

                                    Avarous

   Av"a*rous (?), a. [L. avarus.] Avaricious. [Obs.]

                                     Avast

   A*vast" (?), interj. [Corrupted from D. houd vast hold fast. See Hold,
   v.  t.,  and  Fast,  a.]  (Naut.)  Cease; stop; stay. "Avast heaving."
   Totten.

                                    Avatar

   Av`a*tar"  (?),  n.  [Skr.  avat\'83ra  descent;  ava from + root t to
   cross, pass over.]

   1. (Hindoo Myth.) The descent of a deity to earth, and his incarnation
   as  a man or an animal; -- chiefly associated with the incarnations of
   Vishnu.

   2. Incarnation; manifestation as an object of worship or admiration.

                                    Avaunce

   A*vaunce"  (?),  v.  t.  &  i.  [See  Advance.] To advance; to profit.
   Chaucer.

                                    Avaunt

   A*vaunt"  (?), interj. [F. avant forward, fr. L. ab + ante before. Cf.
   Avant,  Advance.] Begone; depart; -- a word of contempt or abhorrence,
   equivalent to the phrase "Get thee gone."

                                    Avaunt

   A*vaunt", v. t. & i.

   1. To advance; to move forward; to elevate. [Obs.] Spenser.

   2. To depart; to move away. [Obs.] Coverdale.

                                    Avaunt

   A*vaunt",  v.  t.  & i. [OF. avanter; (L. ad) + vanter. See Vaunt.] To
   vaunt; to boast. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Avaunt

   A*vaunt", n. A vaunt; to boast. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Avauntour

   A*vaunt"our (?), n. [OF. avanteur.] A boaster. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                      Ave

   A"ve (?), n. [L., hail.]

   1. An ave Maria.

     He repeated Aves and Credos. Macaulay.

   2. A reverential salutation.

     Their loud applause and aves vehement. Shak.

                                     Avel

   A*vel (?), v. t. [L. avellere.] To pull away. [Obs.]

     Yet are not these parts avelled. Sir T. Browne.

                                   Avellane

   A*vel"lane  (?),  a.  [Cf.  It.  avellana  a filbert, fr. L. Avella or
   Abella  a  city  of  Campania.]  (Her.)  In  the form of four unhusked
   filberts; as, an avellane cross.

                              Ave Maria, Ave Mary

   A"ve  Ma*ri"a  (?),  A"ve Ma"ry (?).[From the first words of the Roman
   Catholic prayer to the Virgin Mary; L. ave hail, Maria Mary.]

   1.  A  salutation  and prayer to the Virgin Mary, as mother of God; --
   used in the Roman Catholic church.

     To number Ave Maries on his beads. Shak.

   2.  A  particular time (as in Italy, at the ringing of the bells about
   half  an  hour  after sunset, and also at early dawn), when the people
   repeat the Ave Maria.

     Ave Maria ! blessed be the hour ! Byron.

                                     Avena

   A*ve"na  (?),  n. [L.] (Bot.) A genus of grasses, including the common
   oat (Avena sativa); the oat grasses.

                                  Avenaceous

   Av`e*na"ceous (?), a. [L. avenaceus, fr. avena oats.] Belonging to, or
   resembling, oats or the oat grasses.

                                    Avenage

   Av"e*nage  (?),  n.  [F.  avenage,  fr.  L.  avena  oats.] (Old Law) A
   quantity  of  oats  paid  by  a  tenant to a landlord in lieu of rent.
   Jacob.

                                    Avener

   Av"e*ner  (?),  n.  [OF. avenier, fr. aveine, avaine, avoine, oats, F.
   avoine,  L. avena.] (Feud. Law) An officer of the king's stables whose
   duty it was to provide oats for the horses. [Obs.]

                                    Avenge

   A*venge"  (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Avenged (p. pr. & vb. n. Avenging (
   [OF.  avengier; L. ad + vindicare to lay claim to, to avenge, revenge.
   See Vengeance.]

   1.  To  take vengeance for; to exact satisfaction for by punishing the
   injuring  party;  to  vindicate  by  inflicting  pain  or  evil  on  a
   wrongdoer.

     He will avenge the blood of his servants. Deut. xxxii. 43.

     Avenge,  O  Lord, thy slaughtered saints, whose bones Lie scattered
     on the Alpine mountains cold. Milton.

     He  had  avenged himself on them by havoc such as England had never
     before seen. Macaulay.

   2. To treat revengefully; to wreak vengeance on. [Obs.]

     Thy judgment in avenging thine enemies. Bp. Hall.

   Syn.  --  To  Avenge, Revenge. To avenge is to inflict punishment upon
   evil  doers  in behalf of ourselves, or others for whom we act; as, to
   avenge  one's  wrongs;  to  avenge  the  injuries of the suffering and
   innocent.  It  is  to  inflict  pain  for  the sake of vindication, or
   retributive  justice.  To revenge is to inflict pain or injury for the
   indulgence  of  resentful  and  malicious  feelings. The former may at
   times  be  a duty; the latter is one of the worst exhibitions of human
   character.

     I  avenge  myself  upon another, or I avenge another, or I avenge a
     wrong. I revenge only myself, and that upon another. C. J. Smith.

                                    Avenge

   A*venge", v. i. To take vengeance. Levit. xix. 18.

                                    Avenge

   A*venge", n. Vengeance; revenge. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                  Avengeance

   A*venge"ance (?), n. Vengeance. [Obs.]

                                   Avengeful

   A*venge"ful (?), a. Vengeful. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                  Avengement

   A*venge"ment   (?),  n.  The  inflicting  of  retributive  punishment;
   satisfaction taken. [R.] Milton.

                                    Avenger

   A*ven"ger (?), n.

   1. One who avenges or vindicates; as, an avenger of blood.

   2. One who takes vengeance. [Obs.] Milton.

                                  Avengeress

   A*ven"ger*ess, n. A female avenger. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                   Avenious

   A*ve"ni*ous  (?), a. [Pref. a- + L. vena a vein.] (Bot.) Being without
   veins or nerves, as the leaves of certain plants.

                                    Avenor

   Av"e*nor (?), n. See Avener. [Obs.]

                                     Avens

   Av"ens  (?),  n.  [OF. avence.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Geum, esp.
   Geum urbanum, or herb bennet.

                                   Aventail

   Av"en*tail  (?), n. [OF. esventail. Cf. Ventail.] The movable front to
   a helmet; the ventail.

                                   Aventine

   Av"en*tine  (?),  a.  Pertaining  to  Mons Aventinus, one of the seven
   hills on which Rome stood. Bryant.

                                   Aventine

   Av"en*tine, n. A post of security or defense. [Poetic]

     Into  the  castle's  tower, The only Aventine that now is left him.
     Beau. & Fl.

                                    Aventre

   A*ven"tre  (?),  v.  t.  To thrust forward (at a venture), as a spear.
   [Obs.] Spenser.

                                   Aventure

   A*ven"ture (?; 135), n. [See Adventure, n.]

   1. Accident; chance; adventure. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2.  (Old  Law) A mischance causing a person's death without felony, as
   by drowning, or falling into the fire.

                                  Aventurine

   A*ven"tu*rine (?), n. [F. aventurine: cf. It. avventurino.]

   1.  A kind of glass, containing gold-colored spangles. It was produced
   in  the  first place by the accidental (par aventure) dropping of some
   brass filings into a pot of melted glass.

   2.  (Min.)  A  variety of translucent quartz, spangled throughout with
   scales of yellow mica.
   \'f7   feldspar,  a  variety  of  oligoclase  with  internal  firelike
   reflections  due  to  the  presence  of  minute  crystals, probably of
   hematite; sunstone.

                                    Avenue

   Av"e*nue  (?),  n. [F. avenue, fr. avenir to come to, L. advenire. See
   Advene.]

   1.  A  way  or opening for entrance into a place; a passage by which a
   place  may  by  reached;  a  way  of approach or of exit. "The avenues
   leading to the city by land." Macaulay.

     On every side were expanding new avenues of inquiry. Milman.

   2.  The  principal walk or approach to a house which is withdrawn from
   the  road,  especially,  such approach bordered on each side by trees;
   any broad passageway thus bordered.

     An avenue of tall elms and branching chestnuts. W. Black.

   3. A broad street; as, the Fifth Avenue in New York.

                                     Aver

   A"ver  (?),  n.  [OF.  aver  domestic  animal,  whence LL. averia, pl.
   cattle.  See  Habit,  and  cf.  Average.] A work horse, or working ox.
   [Obs. or Dial. Eng.] <-- p. 105 -->

                                     Aver

   A*ver"  (?),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Averred (p. pr. & vb. n. Averring.]
   [F.  av\'82rer,  LL.  adverare,  averare;  L.  ad  +  versus true. See
   Verity.]

   1. To assert, or prove, the truth of. [Obs.]

   2. (Law) To avouch or verify; to offer to verify; to prove or justify.
   See Averment.

   3.  To  affirm with confidence; to declare in a positive manner, as in
   confidence of asserting the truth.

     It  is  sufficient that the very fact hath its foundation in truth,
     as I do seriously aver is the case. Fielding.

     Then all averred I had killed the bird. Coleridge.

   Syn. -- To assert; affirm; asseverate. See Affirm.

                                    Average

   Av"er*age  (?), n. [OF. average, LL. averagium, prob. fr. OF. aver, F.
   avoir,  property, horses, cattle, etc.; prop. infin., to have, from L.
   habere  to  have. Cf. F. av\'82rage small cattle, and avarie (perh. of
   different  origin)  damage  to  ship  or  cargo,  port dues. The first
   meaning was peAver, n., Avercorn, Averpenny.]

   1.  (OLd  Eng.  Law)  That service which a tenant owed his lord, to be
   done by the work beasts of the tenant, as the carriage of wheat, turf,
   etc.

   2.  [Cf.  F.  avarie  damage to ship or cargo.] (Com.) (a) A tariff or
   duty  on  goods, etc. [Obs.] (b) Any charge in addition to the regular
   charge  for  freight of goods shipped. (c) A contribution to a loss or
   charge  which  has  been  imposed  upon one of several for the general
   benefit;   damage   done   by   sea  perils.  (d)  The  equitable  and
   proportionate distribution of loss or expense among all interested.
   General  average,  a  contribution made, by all parties concerned in a
   sea  adventure, toward a loss occasioned by the voluntary sacrifice of
   the  property  of  some  of the parties in interest for the benefit of
   all.  It  is  called  general average, because it falls upon the gross
   amount of ship, cargo, and freight at risk and saved by the sacrifice.
   Kent.  --  Particular  average  signifies  the  damage or partial loss
   happening  to  the  ship, or cargo, or freight, in consequence of some
   fortuitous  or unavoidable accident; and it is borne by the individual
   owners  of  the  articles  damaged,  or  by  their  insurers. -- Petty
   averages  are  sundry  small  charges,  which occur regularly, and are
   necessarily  defrayed  by  the master in the usual course of a voyage;
   such  as  port  charges, common pilotage, and the like, which formerly
   were, and in some cases still are, borne partly by the ship and partly
   by  the  cargo.  In  the  clause  commonly  found  in bills of lading,
   "primage  and average accustomed," average means a kind of composition
   established by usage for such charges, which were formerly assessed by
   way of average. Arnould. Abbott. Phillips.
   
   3. A mean proportion, medial sum or quantity, made out of unequal sums
   or  quantities; an arithmetical mean. Thus, if A loses 5 dollars, B 9,
   and C 16, the sum is 30, and the average 10.
   
   4.  Any medial estimate or general statement derived from a comparison
   of  diverse specific cases; a medium or usual size, quantity, quality,
   rate, etc. "The average of sensations." Paley.
   
   5.  pl.  In  the  English  corn trade, the medial price of the several
   kinds of grain in the principal corn markets.
   On an average, taking the mean of unequal numbers or quantities.

                                    Average

   Av"er*age (?), a.

   1.  Pertaining  to  an  average  or  mean;  medial;  containing a mean
   proportion;  of  a mean size, quality, ability, etc.; ordinary; usual;
   as,  an average rate of profit; an average amount of rain; the average
   Englishman; beings of the average stamp.

   2.  According  to the laws of averages; as, the loss must be made good
   by average contribution.

                                    Average

   Av"er*age, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Averaged (p. pr. & vb. n. Averaging.]

   1. To find the mean of, when sums or quantities are unequal; to reduce
   to a mean.

   2.  To  divide among a number, according to a given proportion; as, to
   average a loss.

   3. To do, accomplish, get, etc., on an average.

                                    Average

   Av"er*age,  v.  i.  To  form,  or  exist  in,  a mean or medial sum or
   quantity;  to  amount  to,  or  to  be, on an ~; as, the losses of the
   owners  will average twenty five dollars each; these spars average ten
   feet in length.

                                   Avercorn

   A"ver*corn` (?), n. [Aver,n.+ corn.] (Old Eng. Law) A reserved rent in
   corn,  formerly  paid to religious houses by their tenants or farmers.
   Kennet.

                                   Averment

   A*ver"ment  (?),  n. [Cf. OF. averement, LL. averamentum. See Aver, v.
   t.]

   1.  The  act  of  averring,  or  that  which  is averred; affirmation;
   positive assertion.

     Signally  has  this averment received illustration in the course of
     recent events. I. Taylor.

   2. Verification; establishment by evidence. Bacon.

   3.  (Law)  A  positive  statement of facts; an allegation; an offer to
   justify or prove what is alleged.

     NOTE: &hand; In  any stage of pleadings, when either party advances
     new  matter,  he  avers it to be true, by using this form of words:
     "and  this  he  is  ready  to  verify." This was formerly called an
     averment. It modern pleading, it is termed a verification.

   Blackstone.

                               Avernal, Avernian

   A*ver"nal (?), A*ver"ni*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Avernus, a lake
   of  Campania, in Italy, famous for its poisonous vapors, which ancient
   writers  fancied were so malignant as to kill birds flying over it. It
   was  represented  by  the  poets  to  be  connected  with the infernal
   regions.

                                   Averpenny

   Av"er*pen`ny  (?), n. [Aver,n.+ penny.] (Old Eng. Law) Money paid by a
   tenant in lieu of the service of average.

                                   Averroism

   A*ver"ro*ism (?), n. The tenets of the Averroists.

                                   Averroist

   A*ver"ro*ist,  n.  One  of  a  sect  of  peripatetic philosophers, who
   appeared  in  Italy before the restoration of learning; so denominated
   from Averroes, or Averrhoes, a celebrated Arabian philosopher. He held
   the doctrine of monopsychism.

                                  Averruncate

   Av`er*run"cate  (?),  v.  t.  [L.  averruncare  to avert; a, ab, off +
   verruncare to turn; formerly derived from ab and eruncare to root out.
   Cf. Aberuncate.]

   1. To avert; to ward off. [Obs.] Hudibras.

   2. To root up. [Obs.] Johnson.

                                 Averruncation

   Av`er*run*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. OF. averroncation.]

   1. The act of averting. [Obs.]

   2. Eradication. [R.] De Quincey.

                                 Averruncator

   Av`er*run*ca"tor  (?), n. [Cf. Aberuncator.] An instrument for pruning
   trees,  consisting  of two blades, or a blade and a hook, fixed on the
   end of a long rod.

                                  Aversation

   Av`er*sa"tion  (?),  n.  [L.  aversatio, fr. aversari to turn away, v.
   intens.  of  avertere.  See  Avert.]  A  turning  from  with  dislike;
   aversion. [Obs.or Archaic]

     Some  men have a natural aversation to some vices or virtues, and a
     natural affection to others. Jer. Taylor.

                                    Averse

   A*verse" (?), a. [L. aversus, p. p. of avertere. See Avert.]

   1. Turned away or backward. [Obs.]

     The  tracks  averse  a  lying  notice  gave,  And  led the searcher
     backward from the cave. Dryden.

   2.  Having a repugnance or opposition of mind; disliking; disinclined;
   unwilling; reluctant.

     Averse alike to flatter, or offend. Pope.

     Men who were averse to the life of camps. Macaulay.

     Pass by securely as men averse from war. Micah ii. 8.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e prevailing usage now is to employ to after averse
     and its derivatives rather than from, as was formerly the usage. In
     this  the  word  is  in  agreement  with its kindred terms, hatred,
     dislike,   dissimilar,  contrary,  repugnant,  etc.,  expressing  a
     relation or an affection of the mind to an object.

   Syn.  --  Averse,  Reluctant,  Adverse.  Averse expresses an habitual,
   though  not  of necessity a very strong, dislike; as, averse to active
   pursuits;  averse  to  study.  Reluctant,  a  term of the of the will,
   implies  an  internal struggle as to making some sacrifice of interest
   or  feeling;  as,  reluctant to yield; reluctant to make the necessary
   arrangements;  a  reluctant  will  or  consent. Adverse denotes active
   opposition  or  hostility;  as,  adverse  interests; adverse feelings,
   plans, or movements; the adverse party.

                                    Averse

   A*verse", v. t. & i. To turn away. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

                                   Aversely

   A*verse"ly, adv.

   1. Backward; in a backward direction; as, emitted aversely.

   2. With repugnance or aversion; unwillingly.

                                  Averseness

   A*verse"ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being averse; opposition of mind;
   unwillingness.

                                   Aversion

   A*ver"sion (?), n. [L. aversio: cf. F. aversion. See Avert.]

   1. A turning away. [Obs.]

     Adhesion to vice and aversion from goodness. Bp. Atterbury.

   2.  Opposition  or  repugnance  of  mind;  fixed  dislike;  antipathy;
   disinclination; reluctance.

     Mutual aversion of races. Prescott.

     His rapacity had made him an object of general aversion. Macaulay.

     NOTE: &hand; It  is now generally followed by to before the object.
     [See  Averse.]  Sometimes  towards  and  for  are  found;  from  is
     obsolete.

     A freeholder is bred with an aversion to subjection. Addison.

     His aversion towards the house of York. Bacon.

     It is not difficult for a man to see that a person has conceived an
     aversion for him. Spectator.

     The Khasias . . . have an aversion to milk. J. D. Hooker.

   3. The object of dislike or repugnance.

     Pain their aversion, pleasure their desire. Pope.

   Syn. -- Antipathy; dislike; repugnance; disgust. See Dislike.

                                     Avert

   A*vert"  (?),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Averted; p. pr. & vb. n. Averting.]
   [L. avertere; a, ab + vertere to turn: cf. OF. avertir. See Verse, n.]
   To  turn aside, or away; as, to avert the eyes from an object; to ward
   off,  or prevent, the occurrence or effects of; as, how can the danger
   be averted? "To avert his ire." Milton.

     When atheists and profane persons do hear of so many discordant and
     contrary  opinions in religion, it doth avert them from the church.
     Bacon.

     Till ardent prayer averts the public woe. Prior.

                                     Avert

   A*vert", v. i. To turn away. [Archaic]

     Cold and averting from our neighbor's good. Thomson.

                                    Averted

   A*vert"ed,  a.  Turned  away,  esp. as an expression of feeling; also,
   offended; unpropitious.

     Who scornful pass it with averted eye. Keble.

                                    Averter

   A*vert"er (?), n. One who, or that which, averts.

                                   Avertible

   A*vert"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being averted; preventable.

                                  Avertiment

   A*ver"ti*ment (?), n. Advertisement. [Obs.]

                                     Aves

   A"ves  (?),  n.  pl.  [L.,  pl. of avis bird.] (Zo\'94l.) The class of
   Vertebrata that includes the birds.

     NOTE: &hand; Av es, or  bi rds, have a complete double circulation,
     oviparous,  reproduction, front limbs peculiarly modified as wings;
     and  they  bear  feathers.  All  existing  birds have a horny beak,
     without  teeth;  but some Mesozoic fossil birds (Odontornithes) had
     conical  teeth  inserted  in  both  jaws. The principal groups are:
     Carinat\'91,   including  all  existing  flying  birds;  Ratit\'91,
     including  the  ostrich  and  allies,  the apteryx, and the extinct
     moas; Odontornithes, or fossil birds with teeth.

     NOTE: The ordinary birds are classified largely by the structure of
     the  beak  and  feet, which are in direct relating to their habits.
     See Beak, Bird, Odontonithes.

                                    Avesta

   A*ves"ta (?), n. The Zoroastrian scriptures. See Zend-Avesta.

                                     Avian

   A"vi*an (?), a. Of or instrument to birds.

                                    Aviary

   A"vi*a*ry  (?),  n.;  pl.  Aviaries  (#).  [L.  aviarium, fr. aviarius
   pertaining  to  birds,  fr.  avis  bird,  akin  to  Gr,  vi.] A house,
   inclosure,  large  cage, or other place, for keeping birds confined; a
   bird house.

     Lincolnshire may be termed the aviary of England. Fuller.

                                   Aviation

   A`vi*a"tion (?), n. The art or science of flying.

                                    Aviator

   A"vi*a`tor  (?),  n.  (a)  An  experimenter  in aviation. (b) A flying
   machine.

                                    Avicula

   A*vic"u*la  (?),  n.  [L.,  small  bird.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of marine
   bivalves,  having a pearly interior, allied to the pearl oyster; -- so
   called from a supposed resemblance of the typical species to a bird.

                                   Avicular

   A*vic"u*lar  (?),  a. [L. avicula a small bird, dim. of avis bird.] Of
   or pertaining to a bird or to birds.

                                  Avicularia

   A*vic`u*la"ri*a  (?),  n.  pl.  [NL.  See  Avicular.]  (Zo\'94l.)  See
   prehensile  processes  on  the cells of some Bryozoa, often having the
   shape of a bird's bill.

                                  Aviculture

   A"vi*cul`ture   (?;  135),  n.  [L.  avis  bird  +  cultura  culture.]
   (Zo\'94l.) Rearing and care of birds.

                                     Avid

   Av"id  (?), a. [L. avidus, fr. av to long: cf. F. avide. See Avarice.]
   Longing  eagerly  for;  eager;  greedy. "Avid of gold, yet greedier of
   renown." Southey.

                                   Avidious

   A*vid"i*ous (?), a. Avid.

                                  Avidiously

   A*vid"i*ous*ly, adv. Eagerly; greedily.

                                    Avidity

   A*vid"i*ty  (?),  n.  [L. aviditas, fr. avidus: cf. F. avidit\'82. See
   Avid.]  Greediness; strong appetite; eagerness; intenseness of desire;
   as, to eat with avidity.

     His books were received and read with avidity. Milward.

                                     Avie

   A*vie" (?), adv. [Pref. a- + vie.] Emulously. [Obs.]

                                   Avifauna

   A`vi*fau"na (?), n. [NL., fr. L. avis bird + E. fauna.] (Zo\'94l.) The
   birds, or all the kinds of birds, inhabiting a region.

                                    Avigato

   Av`i*ga"to (?), n. See Avocado.

                                 Avignon berry

   A`vignon"  ber"ry  (?).  (Bot.)  The fruit of the Rhamnus infectorius,
   eand of other species of the same genus; -- so called from the city of
   Avignon,  in  France.  It  is  used by dyers and painters for coloring
   yellow. Called also French berry.

                                     Avile

   A*vile"  (?),  v. t. [OF. aviler, F. avilir; a (L. ad) + vil vile. See
   Vile.] To abase or debase; to vilify; to depreciate. [Obs.]

     Want makes us know the price of what we avile. B. Jonson.

                                     Avis

   A*vis"  (?),  n. [F. avis. See Advice.] Advice; opinion; deliberation.
   [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Avise

   A*vise" (?), v. t. [F. aviser. See Advise, v. t.]

   1. To look at; to view; to think of. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. To advise; to counsel. [Obs.] Shak.
   To  avise  one's  self,  to  consider  with one's self, to reflect, to
   deliberate. [Obs.] Chaucer.

     Now  therefore,  if  thou  wilt  enriched  be, Avise thee well, and
     change thy willful mood. Spenser.

                                     Avise

   A*vise", v. i. To consider; to reflect. [Obs.]

                                   Aviseful

   A*vise"ful (?), a. Watchful; circumspect. [Obs.]

     With sharp, aviseful eye. Spenser.

                                    Avisely

   A*vise"ly, adv. Advisedly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Avisement

   A*vise"ment (?), n. Advisement; observation; deliberation. [Obs.]

                                    Avision

   A*vi"sion (?), n. Vision. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Aviso

   A*vi"so (?), n. [Sp.]

   1. Information; advice.

   2. An advice boat, or dispatch boat.

                                    Avocado

   Av`o*ca"do  (?),  n.  [Corrupted  from  the  Mexican ahuacatl: cf. Sp.
   aguacate,  F. aguacat\'82, avocat, G. avogadobaum.] The pulpy fruit of
   Persea  gratissima,  a  tree of tropical America. It is about the size
   and  shape  of  a  large  pear; -- called also avocado pear, alligator
   pear, midshipman's butter.

                                    Avocat

   Av`o*cat (?), n. [F.] An advocate.

                                    Avocate

   Av"o*cate (?), v. t. [L. avocatus, p. p. of avocare; a, ab + vocare to
   call.  Cf. Avoke, and see Vocal, a.] To call off or away; to withdraw;
   to transfer to another tribunal. [Obs. or Archaic]

     One who avocateth his mind from other occupations. Barrow.

     He, at last, . . . avocated the cause to Rome. Robertson.

                                   Avocation

   Av`o*ca"tion (?), n. [L. avocatio.]

   1. A calling away; a diversion. [Obs. or Archaic]

     Impulses to duty, and powerful avocations from sin. South.

   2.  That  which  calls  one  away  from  one's  regular  employment or
   vocation.

     Heaven is his vocation, and therefore he counts earthly employments
     avocations. Fuller.

     By  the  secular  cares and avocations which accompany marriage the
     clergy have been furnished with skill in common life. Atterbury.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th is se nse th e wo rd is  applied to the smaller
     affairs of life, or occasional calls which summon a person to leave
     his ordinary or principal business. Avocation (in the singular) for
     vocation is usually avoided by good writers.

   3.  pl.  Pursuits;  duties;  affairs  which  occupy  one's time; usual
   employment; vocation.

     There  are  professions,  among the men, no more favorable to these
     studies than the common avocations of women. Richardson.

     In  a  few  hours, above thirty thousand men left his standard, and
     returned to their ordinary avocations. Macaulay.

   <-- p. 106 -->

     An irregularity and instability of purpose, which makes them choose
     the  wandering avocations of a shepherd, rather than the more fixed
     pursuits of agriculture. Buckle.

                                   Avocative

   A*vo"ca*tive (?), a. Calling off. [Obs.]

                                   Avocative

   A*vo"ca*tive, n. That which calls aside; a dissuasive.

                                Avocet, Avoset

   Av"o*cet,  Av"o*set  (?),  n.  [F.  avocette:  cf.  It.  avosetta, Sp.
   avoceta.]  (Zo\'94l.) A grallatorial bird, of the genus Recurvirostra;
   the  scooper.  The  bill  is  long and bend upward toward the tip. The
   American species is R. Americana. [Written also avocette.]

                                     Avoid

   A*void"  (,  v.  t.  [p.  &  p.  p.  Avoided;  p. pr. & vbets>. nets>.
   Avoiding.]  [OF.  esvuidier,  es (L. ex) + vuidier, voidier, to empty.
   See Void, a.]

   1. To empty. [Obs.] Wyclif.

   2.  To emit or throw out; to void; as, to avoid excretions. [Obs.] Sir
   T. Browne.

   3. To quit or evacuate; to withdraw from. [Obs.]

     Six of us only stayed, and the rest avoided the room. Bacon.

   4. To make void; to annul or vacate; to refute.

     How can these grants of the king's be avoided? Spenser.

   5.  To  keep  away  from; to keep clear of; to endeavor no to meet; to
   shun; to abstain from; as, to avoid the company of gamesters.

     What  need  a man forestall his date of grief. And run to meet what
     he would most avoid ? Milton.

     He  carefully  avoided  every  act  which could goad them into open
     hostility. Macaulay.

   6. To get rid of. [Obs.] Shak.

   7.   (Pleading)  To  defeat  or  evade;  to  invalidate.  Thus,  in  a
   replication,  the  plaintiff may deny the defendant's plea, or confess
   it, and avoid it by stating new matter. Blackstone. Syn. -- To escape;
   elude;  evade; eschew. -- To Avoid, Shun. Avoid in its commonest sense
   means,  to  keep  clear  of,  an extension of the meaning, to withdraw
   one's self from. It denotes care taken not to come near or in contact;
   as,  to  avoid  certain  persons  or  places. Shun is a stronger term,
   implying  more  prominently  the  idea  of  intention.  The words may,
   however, in many cases be interchanged.

     No  man  can pray from his heart to be kept from temptation, if the
     take no care of himself to avoid it. Mason.

     So  Chanticleer,  who  never saw a fox, Yet shunned him as a sailor
     shuns the rocks. Dryden.

                                     Avoid

   A*void", v. i.

   1. To retire; to withdraw. [Obs.]

     David avoided out of his presence. 1 Sam. xviii. 11.

   2. (Law) To become void or vacant. [Obs.] Ayliffe.

                                   Avoidable

   A*void"a*ble (?), a.

   1.  Capable  of  being vacated; liable to be annulled or made invalid;
   voidable.

     The charters were not avoidable for the king's nonage. Hale.

   2. Capable of being avoided, shunned, or escaped.

                                   Avoidance

   A*void"ance (?), n.

   1. The act of annulling; annulment.

   2.  The  act  of  becoming  vacant,  or  the state of being vacant; --
   specifically  used  for  the  state of a benefice becoming void by the
   death, deprivation, or resignation of the incumbent.

     Wolsey,  . . . on every avoidance of St. Peter's chair, was sitting
     down  therein,  when  suddenly  some one or other clapped in before
     him. Fuller.

   3. A dismissing or a quitting; removal; withdrawal.

   4.  The  act of avoiding or shunning; keeping clear of. "The avoidance
   of pain." Beattie.

   5. The courts by which anything is carried off.

     Avoidances and drainings of water. Bacon.

                                    Avoider

   A*void"er (?), n.

   1. The person who carries anything away, or the vessel in which things
   are carried away. Johnson.

   2. One who avoids, shuns, or escapes.

                                   Avoidless

   A*void"less, a. Unavoidable; inevitable.

                                  Avoirdupois

   Av`oir*du*pois" (?), n. & a. [OE. aver de peis, goods of weight, where
   peis  is  fr.  OF. peis weight, F. poids, L. pensum. See Aver, n., and
   Poise, n.]

   1. Goods sold by weight. [Obs.]

   2. Avoirdupois weight.

   3. Weight; heaviness; as, a woman of much avoirdupois. [Colloq.]
   Avoirdupois  weight,  a system of weights by which coarser commodities
   are weighed, such as hay, grain, butter, sugar, tea.

     NOTE: &hand; The standard Avoirdupois pound of the United States is
     equivalent to the weight of 27.7015 cubic inches of distilled water
     at  62° Fahrenheit, the barometer being at 30 inches, and the water
     weighed in the air with brass weights. In this system of weights 16
     drams  make  1  ounce,  16  ounces  1 pound, 25 pounds 1 quarter, 4
     quarters  1  hundred weight, and 20 hundred weight 1 ton. The above
     pound  contains  7,000  grains,  or  453.54  grams, so that 1 pound
     avoirdupois  is  equivalent  to  1  31-144  pounds  troy. (See Troy
     weight.) Formerly, a hundred weight was reckoned at 112 pounds, the
     ton being 2,240 pounds (sometimes called a long ton).

                                     Avoke

   A*voke"  (?),  v. t. [Cf. Avocate.] To call from or back again. [Obs.]
   Bp. Burnet.

                                    Avolate

   Av"o*late  (?),  v.  i.  [L.  avolare; a (ab) + volare to fly.] To fly
   away; to escape; to exhale. [Obs.]

                                   Avolation

   Av`o*la"tion  (?),  n.  [LL.  avolatio.]  The  act  of flying; flight;
   evaporation. [Obs.]

                                    Avoset

   Av"o*set (?), n. Same as Avocet.

                                    Avouch

   A*vouch"  (?),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Avouched  (p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Avouching.]  [OF. avochier, LL. advocare to recognize the existence of
   a thing, to advocate, fr. L. advocare to call to; ad + vocare to call.
   Cf. Avow to declare, Advocate, and see Vouch, v. t.]

   1. To appeal to; to cite or claim as authority. [Obs.]

     They avouch many successions of authorities. Coke.

   2. To maintain a just or true; to vouch for.

     We  might  be  disposed  to question its authencity, it if were not
     avouched by the full evidence. Milman.

   3.  To  declare  or assert positively and as matter of fact; to affirm
   openly.

     If this which he avouches does appear. Shak.

     Such antiquities could have been avouched for the Irish. Spenser.

   4. To acknowledge deliberately; to admit; to confess; to sanction.

     Thou hast avouched the Lord this day to be thy God. Deut. xxvi. 17.

                                    Avouch

   A*vouch" (?), n. Evidence; declaration. [Obs.]

     The sensible and true avouch Of mine own eyes. Shak.

                                  Avouchable

   A*vouch"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being avouched.

                                   Avoucher

   A*vouch"er (?), n. One who avouches.

                                  Avouchment

   A*vouch"ment  (?),  n.  The  act  of  avouching; positive declaration.
   [Obs.] Milton.

                                   Avoutrer

   A*vou"trer (?), n. See Advoutrer. [Obs.]

                                   Avoutrie

   A*vou"trie (?), n. [OF.] Adultery. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Avow

   A*vow"  (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Avowed (p. pr. & vb. n. Avowing.] [F.
   avouver, fr. L. advocare to call to (whence the meanings, to call upon
   as  superior;  recognize  as lord, own, confess); ad + vocare to call.
   See Advocate, Avouch.]

   1.  To  declare  openly,  as something believed to be right; to own or
   acknowledge frankly; as, a man avows his principles or his crimes.

     Which  I to be the of Israel's God Avow, and challenge Dagon to the
     test. Milton.

   2.  (Law)  To  acknowledge  and  justify,  as an act done. See Avowry.
   Blackstone. Syn. -- To acknowledge; own; confess. See Confess.

                                     Avow

   A*vow", n, [Cf. F. aveu.] Avowal. [Obs.] Dryden.

                                     Avow

   A*vow",  v.  t. & i. [OF. avouer, fr. LL. votare to vow, fr. L. votun.
   See Vote, n.] To bind, or to devote, by a vow. [Obs.] Wyclif.

                                     Avow

   A*vow", n. A vow or determination. [Archaic]

                                   Avowable

   A*vow"a*ble  (?),  a. Capable of being avowed, or openly acknowledged,
   with confidence. Donne.

                                    Avowal

   A*vow"al  (?),  n.  An  open declaration; frank acknowledgment; as, an
   avowal of such principles. Hume.

                                   Avowance

   A*vow"ance (?), n.

   1. Act of avowing; avowal.

   2. Upholding; defense; vindication. [Obs.]

     Can  my  avowance of king-murdering be collected from anything here
     written by me? Fuller.

                                    Avowant

   A*vow"ant  (?),  n.  (Law)  The  defendant  in replevin, who avows the
   distress of the goods, and justifies the taking. Cowell.

                                    Avowed

   A*vowed"  (?),  a.  Openly  acknowledged  or  declared;  admitted.  --
   A*vow"ed*ly (, adv.

                                    Avowee

   A*vow`ee"  (?), n. [F. avou\'82. Cf. Advowee, Advocate, n.] The person
   who  has a right to present to a benefice; the patron; an advowee. See
   Advowson.

                                    Avower

   A*vow"er (?), n. One who avows or asserts.

                                    Avowry

   A*vow"ry  (?),  n.  [OE. avouerie protection, authority, OF. avouerie.
   See Avow to declare.]

   1. An advocate; a patron; a patron saint. [Obs.]

     Let God alone be our avowry. Latimer.

   2.  The act of the distrainer of goods, who, in an action of replevin,
   avows and justifies the taking in his own right. Blackstone.

     NOTE: &hand; Wh en an action of replevin is brought, the distrainer
     either makes avowry, that is, avours taking the distress in his own
     right,  or  the  right of his wife, and states the reason if it, as
     for arrears of rent, damage done, or the like; or makes cognizance,
     that  is,  acknowledges  the  taking, but justifies in an another's
     right, as his bailiff or servant.

                                    Avowtry

   A*vow"try, v. t. Adultery. See Advoutry.

                                    Avoyer

   A*voy"er  (?),  n.  [F.] A chief magistrate of a free imperial city or
   canton of Switzerland. [Obs.]

                                    Avulse

   A*vulse" (?), v. t. [L. avulsus, p. p. of avellere to tear off; a (ab)
   + vellere to pluck.] To pluck or pull off. Shenstone.

                                   Avulsion

   A*vul"sion (?), n. [L. avulsio.]

   1. A tearing asunder; a forcible separation.

     The avulsion of two polished superficies. Locke.

   2. A fragment torn off. J. Barlow.

   3.  (Law)  The  sudden removal of lands or soil from the estate of one
   man  to  that of another by an inundation or a current, or by a sudden
   change  in  the course of a river by which a part of the estate of one
   man  is  cut  off and joined to the estate of another. The property in
   the  part thus separated, or cut off, continues in the original owner.
   Wharton. Burrill.

                                   Avuncular

   A*vun"cu*lar  (?),  a.  [L.  avunculus  uncle.] Of or pertaining to an
   uncle.

     In  these  rare  instances,  the law of pedigree, whether direct or
     avuncular, gives way. I. Taylor.

                                     Await

   A*wait"  (?),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Awaited; p. pr. & vb. n. Awaiting.]
   [OF.  awaitier,  agaitier;  (L.  ad)  +  waitier, gaitier to watch, F.
   guetter. See Wait.]

   1. To watch for; to look out for. [Obs.]

   2. To wait on, serve, or attend. [Obs.]

   3. To wait for; to stay for; to expect. See Expect.

     Betwixt  these  rocky  pillars  Gabriel  sat,  Chief of the angelic
     guards, awaiting night. Milton.

   4.  To  be in store for; to be ready or in waiting for; as, a glorious
   reward awaits the good.

     O Eve, some farther change awaits us night. Milton.

                                     Await

   A*wait", v. i.

   1. To watch. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. To wait (on or upon). [Obs.]

   3. To wait; to stay in waiting. Darwin.

                                     Await

   A*wait",  n.  A  waiting  for;  ambush;  watch; watching; heed. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                     Awake

   A*wake"  (?),  v.  t.  [imp. Awoke (?), Awaked (; p. p. Awaked; (Obs.)
   Awaken,  Awoken;  p. pr. & vb. n. Awaking. The form Awoke is sometimes
   used  as a p. p.] [AS. \'bew\'91cnan, v. i. (imp. aw), and \'bewacian,
   v. i. (imp. awacode). See Awaken, Wake.]

   1. To rouse from sleep.; to wake; to awaken.

     Where morning's earliest ray . . . awake her. Tennyson.

     And  his  disciples  came to him, and awoke him, saying, Lord, save
     us; we perish. Matt. viii. 25.

   2.  To rouse from a state resembling sleep, as from death, stupidity.,
   or  inaction; to put into action; to give new life to; to stir up; as,
   to awake the dead; to awake the dormant faculties.

     I was soon awaked from this disagreeable reverie. Goldsmith.

     It way awake my bounty further. Shak.

     No sunny gleam awakes the trees. Keble.

                                     Awake

   A*wake"  (?),  v.  i.  To  cease  to  sleep; to come out of a state of
   natural  sleep; and, figuratively, out of a state resembling sleep, as
   inaction or death.

     The national spirit again awoke. Freeman.

     Awake to righteousness, and sin not. 1 Cor. xv. 34.

                                     Awake

   A*wake",  a.  [From  awaken,  old  p.  p.  of  awake.] Not sleeping or
   lethargic; roused from sleep; in a state of vigilance or action.

     Before whom awake I stood. Milton.

     She still beheld, Now wide awake, the vision of her sleep. Keats.

     He was awake to the danger. Froude.

                                    Awaken

   A*wak"en  (?),  v.  t.  & i. [imp. & p. p. Awakened (; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Awakening.] [OE. awakenen, awaknen, AS. \'bew\'91cnan, \'bew\'91cnian,
   v.  i.; pref. on- + w\'91cnan to wake. Cf. Awake, v. t.] To rouse from
   sleep or torpor; to awake; to wake.

     [He] is dispatched Already to awaken whom thou nam'st. Cowper.

     Their consciences are thoroughly awakened. Tillotson.

   Syn. -- To arouse; excite; stir up; call forth.

                                   Awakener

   A*wak"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, awakens.

                                   Awakening

   A*wak"en*ing,  a.  Rousing  from  sleep,  in a natural or a figurative
   sense;  rousing  into  activity;  exciting; as, the awakening city; an
   awakening discourse; the awakening dawn. -- A*wak"en*ing*ly, adv.

                                   Awakening

   A*wak"en*ing,   n.   The   act   of  awaking,  or  ceasing  to  sleep.
   Specifically:  A  revival  of  religion,  or more general attention to
   religious matters than usual.

                                  Awakenment

   A*wak"en*ment (?), n. An awakening. [R.]

                                   Awanting

   A*want"ing  (?),  a.  [Pref.  a-  + wanting.] Missing; wanting. [Prov.
   Scot. & Eng.] Sir W. Hamilton.

                                     Award

   A*ward"  (?),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Awarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Awarding.]
   [OF.  eswarder  to  look  at,  consider,  decide,  judge; es (L. ex) +
   warder,  garder,  to observe, take heed, keep, fr. OHG. wart to watch,
   guard.  See  Ward.]  To give by sentence or judicial determination; to
   assign  or  apportion, after careful regard to the nature of the case;
   to adjudge; as, the arbitrators awarded damages to the complainant.

     To review The wrongful sentence, and award a new. Dryden.

                                     Award

   A*ward", v. i. To determine; to make an ~.

                                     Award

   A*ward", n. [Cf. OF. award, awart, esgart. See Award, v. t.]

   1. A judgment, sentence, or final decision. Specifically: The decision
   of arbitrators in a case submitted."Impatient for the award." Cowper.

     An award had been given against. Gilpin.

   2.  The  paper  containing  the decision of arbitrators; that which is
   warded. Bouvier.

                                    Awarder

   A*ward"er  (?),  n. One who awards, or assigns by sentence or judicial
   determination; a judge.

                                     Aware

   A*ware"  (?),  a.  [OE. iwar, AS. gew\'91r, fr. w\'91r wary. The pref.
   ge- orig. meant together, completely. Wary.]

   1. Watchful; vigilant or on one's guard against danger or difficulty.

   2.  Apprised;  informed; cognizant; conscious; as, he was aware of the
   enemy's designs.

     Aware of nothing arduous in a task They never undertook. Cowper.

                                     Awarn

   A*warn"  (?),  v. t. [Pref. a- + warn, AS. gewarnian. See Warn, v. t.]
   To warn. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                     Awash

   A*wash"  (?),  a.  [Pref.  a- + wash.] Washed by the waves or tide; --
   said  of a rock or strip of shore, or (Naut.) of an anchor, etc., when
   flush with the surface of the water, so that the waves break over it.

                                     Away

   A*way" (?), adv. [AS. aweg, anweg, onweg; on on + weg way.]

   1. From a place; hence.

     The sound is going away. Shak.

     Have me away, for I am sore wounded. 2 Chron. xxxv. 23.

   2. Absent; gone; at a distance; as, the master is away from home.

   3. Aside; off; in another direction.

     The axis of rotation is inclined away from the sun. Lockyer.

   4. From a state or condition of being; out of existence.

     Be near me when I fade away. Tennyson.

   5. By ellipsis of the verb, equivalent to an imperative: Go or come ~;
   begone; take ~.

     And the Lord said . . . Away, get thee down. Exod. xix. 24.

   6.  On;  in continuance; without intermission or delay; as, sing away.
   [Colloq.]

     NOTE: &hand; It  is much used in phrases signifying moving or going
     from;  as,  go  away,  run away, etc.; all signifying departure, or
     separation  to  a distance. Sometimes without the verb; as, whither
     away  so fast ? "Love hath wings, and will away." Waller. It serves
     to  modify  the  sense  of certain verbs by adding that of removal,
     loss,  parting  with,  etc.;  as, to throw away; to trifle away; to
     squander away, etc. Sometimes it has merely an intensive force; as,
     to blaze away.

   Away  with, bear, abide. [Obs. or Archaic] "The calling of assemblies,
   I  can  not away with." (Isa. i. 13), i. e., "I can not bear or endure
   [it]." -- Away with one, signifies, take him away. "Away with, crucify
   him."  John xix. 15. -- To make away with. (a) To kill or destroy. (b)
   To carry off. <-- p. 107 --> 

                                  Away-going

   A*way"-go"ing  (?),  a. (Law) Sown during the last years of a tenancy,
   but not ripe until after its expiration; -- said of crops. Wharton.

                                   Awayward

   A*way"ward (?), adv. Turned away; away. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                      Awe

   Awe  (?),  n.  [OE.  a,  aghe, fr. Icel. agi; akin to AS. ege, , Goth.
   agis, Dan. ave chastisement, fear, Gr. ail. Ugly.]

   1. Dread; great fear mingled with respect. [Obs. or Obsolescent]

     His  frown  was  full of terror, and his voice Shook the delinquent
     with such fits of awe. Cowper.

   2.  The  emotion  inspired  by  something  dreadful  and  sublime;  an
   undefined  sense of the dreadful and the sublime; reverential fear, or
   solemn wonder; profound reverence.

     There is an awe in mortals' joy, A deep mysterious fear. Keble.

     To  tame  the  pride of that power which held the Continent in awe.
     Macaulay.

     The  solitude  of the desert, or the loftiness of the mountain, may
     fill  the  mind with awe -- the sense of our own littleness in some
     greater presence or power. C. J. Smith.

   To  stand in awe of, to fear greatly; to reverence profoundly. Syn. --
   See Reverence.

                                      Awe

   Awe  (?),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Awed (p. pr. & vb. n. Awing.] To strike
   with  fear and reverence; to inspire with awe; to control by inspiring
   dread.

     That same eye whose bend doth awe the world. Shak.

     His solemn and pathetic exhortation awed and melted the bystanders.
     Macaulay.

                                   Awearied

   A*wea"ried (?), p. p. Wearied. [Poetic]

                                    Aweary

   A*wea"ry  (?),  a.  [Pref. a- + weary.] Weary. [Poetic] "I begin to be
   aweary of thee." Shak.

                                   Aweather

   A*weath"er  (?),  adv.  [Pref.  a-  + weather.] (Naut.) On the weather
   side,  or toward the wind; in the direction from which the wind blows;
   -- opposed to alee; as, helm aweather ! Totten.

                                    Aweigh

   A*weigh"  (?),  adv. [Pref. a- + weigh.] (Naut.) Just drawn out of the
   ground,  and  hanging  perpendicularly;  atrip; -- said of the anchor.
   Totten.

                                    Aweless

   Awe"less (?), a. See Awless.

                                    Awesome

   Awe"some (?), a.

   1. Causing awe; appalling; awful; as, an awesome sight. Wright.

   2. Expressive of awe or terror.

     An awesome glance up at the auld castle. Sir W. Scott.

                                  Awesomeness

   Awe"some*ness, n. The quality of being awesome.

                                 Awe-stricken

   Awe"-strick`en (?), a. Awe-struck.

                                  Awe-struck

   Awe"-struck` (?), a. Struck with awe. Milton.

                                     Awful

   Aw"ful (?), a.

   1.  Oppressing  with fear or horror; appalling; terrible; as, an awful
   scene. "The hour of Nature's awful throes." Hemans.

   2.  Inspiring  awe;  filling with profound reverence, or with fear and
   admiration; fitted to inspire reverential fear; profoundly impressive.

     Heaven's awful Monarch. Milton.

   3. Struck or filled with awe; terror-stricken. [Obs.]

     A weak and awful reverence for antiquity. I. Watts.

   4. Worshipful; reverential; law-abiding. [Obs.]

     Thrust from the company of awful men. Shak.

   5.  Frightful;  exceedingly bad; great; -- applied intensively; as, an
   awful bonnet; an awful boaster. [Slang] Syn. -- See Frightful.

                                    Awfully

   Aw"ful*ly, adv.

   1.  In  an  awful  manner;  in  a  manner  to fill with terror or awe;
   fearfully; reverently.

   2. Very; excessively. [Slang]

                                   Awfulness

   Aw"ful*ness, n.

   1.  The quality of striking with awe, or with reverence; dreadfulness;
   solemnity; as, the awfulness of this sacred place.

     The awfulness of grandeur. Johnson.

   2. The state of being struck with awe; a spirit of solemnity; profound
   reverence. [Obs.]

     Producing in us reverence and awfulness. Jer. Taylor.

                                    Awhape

   A*whape"  (?),  v.  t.  [Cf.  whap  blow.] To confound; to terrify; to
   amaze. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Awhile

   A*while"  (?),  adv. [Adj. a + while time, interval.] For a while; for
   some time; for a short time.

                                     Awing

   A*wing"  (?), adv. [Pref. a- + wing.] On the wing; flying; fluttering.
   Wallace.

                                      Awk

   Awk  (?),  a.  [OE. auk, awk (properly) turned away; (hence) contrary,
   wrong,  from  Icel.  \'94figr, \'94fugr, afigr, turning the wrong way,
   fr.  af  off,  away;  cf. OHG. abuh, Skr. ap\'bec turned away, fr. apa
   off,  away  +  a  root ak, ak, to bend, from which come also E. angle,
   anchor.]

   1. Odd; out of order; perverse. [Obs.]

   2. Wrong, or not commonly used; clumsy; sinister; as, the awk end of a
   rod (the but end). [Obs.] Golding.

   3.  Clumsy in performance or manners; unhandy; not dexterous; awkward.
   [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

                                      Awk

   Awk, adv. Perversely; in the wrong way. L'Estrange.

                                     Awkly

   Awk"ly, adv.

   1. In an unlucky (left-handed) or perverse manner. [Obs.] Holland.

   2. Awkwardly. [Obs.] Fuller.

                                    Awkward

   Awk"ward (?), a. [Awk + -ward.]

   1.  Wanting  dexterity in the use of the hands, or of instruments; not
   dexterous;   without   skill;   clumsy;   wanting   ease,   grace,  or
   effectiveness  in movement; ungraceful; as, he was awkward at a trick;
   an awkward boy.

     And dropped an awkward courtesy. Dryden.

   2. Not easily managed or effected; embarrassing.

     A long and awkward process. Macaulay.

     An  awkward  affair is one that has gone wrong, and is difficult to
     adjust. C. J. Smith.

   3.  Perverse; adverse; untoward. [Obs.] "Awkward casualties." "Awkward
   wind." Shak.

     O blind guides, which being of an awkward religion, do strain out a
     gnat, and swallow up a cancel. Udall.

   Syn.  --  Ungainly;  unhandy;  clownish;  lubberly;  gawky; maladroit;
   bungling;  inelegant;  ungraceful;  unbecoming.  --  Awkward,  Clumsy,
   Uncouth.  Awkward has a special reference to outward deportment. A man
   is  clumsy  in  his  whole  person,  he is awkward in his gait and the
   movement  of  his  limbs.  Clumsiness  is  seen  at  the  first  view.
   Awkwardness is discovered only when a person begins to move. Hence the
   expressions, a clumsy appearance, and an awkward manner. When we speak
   figuratively  of  an  awkward  excuse,  we think of a want of ease and
   grace  in making it; when we speak of a clumsy excuse, we think of the
   whole  thing  as  coarse  and  stupid.  We apply the term uncouth most
   frequently  to  that  which  results  from  the want of instruction or
   training;  as,  uncouth  manners;  uncouth language. -- Awk"ward*ly (,
   adv. -- Awk"ward*ness, n.

                                      Awl

   Awl  (?),  n.  [OE. aul, awel, al, AS. , awel; akin to Icel. alr, OHG.
   \'bela,  G. ahle, Lith. yla, Skr. \'ber\'be.] A pointed instrument for
   piercing  small  holes,  as  in  leather  or wood; used by shoemakers,
   saddlers,  cabinetmakers,  etc.  The  blade  is differently shaped and
   pointed  for  different  uses,  as  in  the  brad  awl, saddler's awl,
   shoemaker's awl, etc.

                                    Awless

   Aw"less (?), a.

   1.  Wanting  reverence;  void  of respectful fear. "Awless insolence."
   Dryden.

   2.  Inspiring  no awe. [Obs.] "The awless throne." Shak. [Written also
   aweless]

                                  Awlessness

   Aw"less*ness, n. The quality of being awless.

                                  Awl-shaped

   Awl"-shaped` (?), a.

   1. Shaped like an awl.

   2. (Nat. Hist.) Subulate. See Subulate. Gray.

                                    Awlwort

   Awl"wort`  (?),  n. [Awl + wort.] (Bot.) A plant (Subularia aquatica),
   with awl-shaped leaves.

                                      Awm

   Awm (?m), n. See Aam.

                                      Awn

   Awn (?), n. [OE. awn, agune, from Icel. \'94gn, pl. agnir; akin to Sw.
   agn,  Dan.  avne,  Goth.  ahana, OHG. agana, G. agen, ahne, chaff, Gr.
   egla; prob. from same root as E. acute. See 3d Ear. (Bot.) The bristle
   or  beard  of  barley, oats, grasses, etc., or any similar bristlelike
   appendage; arista. Gray.

                                     Awned

   Awned  (?),  a.  (Bot.)  Furnished with an awn, or long bristle-shaped
   tip; bearded. Gray.

                                    Awning

   Awn"ing  (?),  n.  [Origin  uncertain:  cf.  F. auvent awing, or Pers.
   \'bewan,  \'bewang,  anything  suspended,  or  LG.  havening  a  place
   sheltered from wind and weather, E. haven.]

   1.  A  rooflike  cover, usually of canvas, extended over or before any
   place as a shelter from the sun, rain, or wind.

   2.  (Naut.)  That  part  of  the  poop deck which is continued forward
   beyond the bulkhead of the cabin.

                                   Awninged

   Awn"inged (?), a. Furnished with an awning.

                                    Awnless

   Awn"less, a. Without awns or beard.

                                     Awny

   Awn"y (?), a. Having awns; bearded.

                                     Awork

   A*work"  (?), adv. [Pref. a- + work.] At work; in action. "Set awork."
   Shak.

                                   Aworking

   A*work"ing, adv. [Pref. a- + working.] At work; in action. [Archaic or
   Colloq.] Spenser.

                                Awreak, Awreke

   A*wreak", A*wreke", (?), v. t. & i. To avenge. [Obs.] See Wreak.

                                    Awrong

   A*wrong" (?), adv. [Pref. a- + wrong.] Wrongly. Ford.

                                     Awry

   A*wry" (?), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + wry.]

   1.  Turned  or  twisted  toward  one  side;  not in a straight or true
   direction, or position; out of the right course; distorted; obliquely;
   asquint; with oblique vision; as, to glance awry. "Your crown's awry."
   Shak.

     Blows  them transverse, ten thousand leagues awry. Into the devious
     air. Milton.

   2.  Aside  from  the  line  of truth, or right reason; unreasonable or
   unreasonably; perverse or perversely.

     Or by her charms Draws him awry, enslaved. Milton.

     Nothing  more awry from the law of God and nature than that a woman
     should give laws to men. Milton.

                                    Awsome

   Aw"some (?), a. Same as Awesome.

                                    Ax, Axe

   Ax,  Axe, (?), n. [OE. ax, axe, AS. eax, \'91x, acas; akin to D. akse,
   OS.  accus,  OHG.  acchus,  G. axt, Icel. \'94x, \'94xi, Sw. yxe, Dan.
   \'94kse, Goth. aqizi, Gr. , L. ascia; not akin to E. acute.] A tool or
   instrument  of  steel,  or  of  iron  with  a steel edge or blade, for
   felling  trees, chopping and splitting wood, hewing timber, etc. It is
   wielded by a wooden helve or handle, so fixed in a socket or eye as to
   be  in  the same plane with the blade. The broadax, or carpenter's ax,
   is  an  ax  for  hewing timber, made heavier than the chopping ax, and
   with a broader and thinner blade and a shorter handle.

     NOTE: The ancient battle-ax had sometimes a double edge.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd is  used adjectively or in combination; as,
     axhead  or  ax  head;  ax  helve;  ax  handle; ax shaft; ax-shaped;
     axlike.

     NOTE: This wo rd wa s originally spelt with e, axe; and so also was
     nearly  every  corresponding word of one syllable: as, flaxe, taxe,
     waxe,  sixe, mixe, pixe, oxe, fluxe, etc. This superfluous e is not
     dropped;  so that, in more than a hundred words ending in x, no one
     thinks  of  retaining  the  e  except  in axe. Analogy requires its
     exclusion here.

     NOTE: "The sp elling ax  is  be tter on every ground, of etymology,
     phonology,  and  analogy,  than  axe,  which  has  of  late  become
     prevalent." New English Dict. (Murray).

                                      Ax

   Ax  (?), v. t. & i. [OE. axien and asken. See Ask.] To ask; to inquire
   or inquire of.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is word is from Saxon, and is as old as the English
     language.  Formerly  it  was  in good use, but now is regarded as a
     vulgarism. It is still dialectic in England, and is sometimes heard
     among  the  uneducated in the United States. "And Pilate axide him,
     Art  thou king of Jewis?" "Or if he axea fish." Wyclif. 'bdThe king
     axed after your Grace's welfare." Pegge.

                                     Axal

   Ax"al (?), a. [See Axial.] [R.]

                                  Axe, Axeman

   Axe (?), Axe"man (?), etc. See Ax, Axman.

                                     Axial

   Ax"i*al (?), a.

   1.  Of  or  pertaining to an axis; of the nature of, or resembling, an
   axis; around an axis.

     To take on an axial, and not an equatorial, direction. Nichol.

   2.  (Anat.) Belonging to the axis of the body; as, the axial skeleton;
   or to the axis of any appendage or organ; as, the axial bones.
   Axial  line  (Magnetism),  the  line  taken  by  the magnetic force in
   passing from one pole of a horseshoe magnet to the other. Faraday.

                                    Axially

   Ax"i*al*ly  (?),  adv.  In relation to, or in a line with, an axis; in
   the axial (magnetic) line.

                                     Axil

   Ax"il  (?),  n.  [L.  axilla.  Cf. Axle.] (Bot.) The angle or point of
   divergence  between  the upper side of a branch, leaf, or petiole, and
   the stem or branch from which it springs. Gray.

                                     Axile

   Ax"ile  (?),  a.  Situated in the axis of anything; as an embryo which
   lies in the axis of a seed. Gray.

                                    Axilla

   Ax*il"la  (?),  n.;  pl.  Axillae (#). [L.] (Anat.) The armpit, or the
   cavity beneath the junction of the arm and shoulder.

   2. (Bot.) An axil.

                                    Axillar

   Ax"il*lar (?), a. Axillary.

                             Axillaries, Axillars

   Ax"il*la*ries   (?),   Ax"il*lars  (?),  n.  pl.  (Zo\'94l.)  Feathers
   connecting  the  under surface of the wing and the body, and concealed
   by the closed wing.

                                   Axillary

   Ax"il*la*ry (?), a. [See Axil.]

   1.  (Anat.)  Of  or  pertaining  to the axilla or armpit; as, axillary
   gland, artery, nerve.

   2. (Bot.) Situated in, or rising from, an axil; of or pertaining to an
   axil. "Axillary buds." Gray.

                                    Axinite

   Ax"i*nite  (?), n. [Named in allusion to the form of the crystals, fr.
   Gr.  (Min.)  A borosilicate of alumina, iron, and lime, commonly found
   in glassy, brown crystals with acute edges.

                                  Axinomancy

   Ax*in"o*man`cy  (?),  n.  [L.  axinomantia,  Gr. -mancy.] A species of
   divination, by means of an ax or hatchet.

                                     Axiom

   Ax"i*om  (?),  n.  [L.  axioma, Gr. that which is thought worthy, that
   which  is assumed, a basis of demonstration, a principle, fr. to think
   worthy,  fr.  worthy, weighing as much as; cf. to lead, drive, also to
   weigh so much: cf F. axiome. See Agent, a.]

   1.   (Logic  &  Math.)  A  self-evident  and  necessary  truth,  or  a
   proposition whose truth is so evident as first sight that no reasoning
   or  demonstration  can  make  it  plainer;  a  proposition which it is
   necessary to take for granted; as, "The whole is greater than a part;"
   "A thing can not, at the same time, be and not be."

   2.  An established principle in some art or science, which, though not
   a  necessary  truth,  is  universally  received;  as,  the  axioms  of
   political  economy. Syn. -- Axiom, Maxim, Aphorism, Adage. An axiom is
   a  self-evident  truth  which  is  taken  for  granted as the basis of
   reasoning.  A  maxim  is a guiding principle sanctioned by experience,
   and relating especially to the practical concerns of life. An aphorism
   is a short sentence pithily expressing some valuable and general truth
   or  sentiment.  An adage is a saying of long-established authority and
   of universal application.

                            Axiomatic, Axiomatical

   Ax`i*o*mat"ic  (?),  Ax`i*o*mat"ic*al,  a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to an
   axiom;  having  the nature of an axiom; self-evident; characterized by
   axioms. "Axiomatical truth." Johnson.

     The stores of axiomatic wisdom. I. Taylor.

                                 Axiomatically

   Ax`i*o*mat"ic*al*ly,  adv.  By  the  use  of axioms; in the form of an
   axiom.

                                     Axis

   Ax"is  (?),  n.  [L.] (Zo\'94l.) The spotted deer (Cervus axis or Axis
   maculata)  of  India,  where it is called hog deer and parrah (Moorish
   name).

                                     Axis

   Ax"is  (?),  n.;  pl.  Axes  (#).  [L.  axis  axis, axle. See Axle.] A
   straight  line, real or imaginary, passing through a body, on which it
   revolves, or may be supposed to revolve; a line passing through a body
   or system around which the parts are symmetrically arranged.

   2.  (Math.)  A straight line with respect to which the different parts
   of a magnitude are symmetrically arranged; as, the axis of a cylinder,
   i.  e.,  the  axis  of  a cone, that is, the straight line joining the
   vertex  and the center of the base; the axis of a circle, any straight
   line passing through the center.

   3.  (Bot.)  The  stem;  the  central part, or longitudinal support, on
   which  organs  or  parts  are  arranged; the central line of any body.
   Gray.

   4.  (Anat.)  (a) The second vertebra of the neck, or vertebra dentata.
   (b)  Also  used  of  the body only of the vertebra, which is prolonged
   anteriorly within the foramen of the first vertebra or atlas, so as to
   form the odontoid process or peg which serves as a pivot for the atlas
   and head to turn upon.

   5. (Crystallog.) One of several imaginary lines, assumed in describing
   the position of the planes by which a crystal is bounded.

   6. (Fine Arts) The primary of secondary central line of any design.
   Anticlinal  axis  (Geol.), a line or ridge from which the strata slope
   downward  on  the  two  opposite sides. -- Synclinal axis, a line from
   which  the strata slope upward in opposite directions, so as to form a
   valley.  --  Axis cylinder (Anat.), the neuraxis or essential, central
   substance of a nerve fiber; -- called also axis band, axial fiber, and
   cylinder  axis. -- Axis in peritrochio, the wheel and axle, one of the
   mechanical  powers.  -- Axis of a curve (Geom.), a straight line which
   bisects  a  system  of  parallel chords of a curve; called a principal
   axis,  when cutting them at right angles, in which case it divides the
   curve into two symmetrical portions, as in the parabola, which has one
   such  axis,  the  ellipse,  which has two, or the circle, which has an
   infinite  number.  The  two axes of the ellipse are the major axis and
   the  minor  axis, and the two axes of the hyperbola are the transverse
   axis  and  the  conjugate  axis.  -- Axis of a lens, the straight line
   passing  through its center and perpendicular to its surfaces. -- Axis
   of  a  telescope  or microscope, the straight line with which coincide
   the  axes  of  the  several  lenses  which  compose  it.  --  Axes  of
   co\'94rdinates  in a plane, to straight lines intersecting each other,
   to  which  points  are  referred  for the purpose of determining their
   relative  position: they are either rectangular or oblique. -- Axes of
   co\'94rdinates  in  space,  the  three  straight  lines  in  which the
   co\'94rdinate  planes intersect each other. -- Axis of a balance, that
   line  about  which  it turns. -- Axis of oscillation, of a pendulum, a
   right  line  passing  through  the center about which it vibrates, and
   perpendicular  to the plane of vibration. -- Axis of polarization, the
   central  line around which the prismatic rings or curves are arranged.
   Brewster.  --  Axis of revolution (Descriptive Geom.), a straight line
   about which some line or plane is revolved, so that the several points
   of  the line or plane shall describe circles with their centers in the
   fixed  line, and their planes perpendicular to it, the line describing
   a  surface of revolution, and the plane a solid of revolution. -- Axis
   of  symmetry  (Geom.),  any  line  in a plane figure which divides the
   figure  into  two such parts that one part, when folded over along the
   axis,  shall  coincide  with  the  other part. -- Axis of the equator,
   ecliptic,  horizon  (or  other circle considered with reference to the
   sphere  on  which  it  lies),  the  diameter  of  the  sphere which is
   perpendicular to the plane of the circle. Hutton. -- Axis of the Ionic
   capital  (Arch.), a line passing perpendicularly through the middle of
   the  eye  of  the  volute.  --  Neutral  axis  (Mech.),  the  line  of
   demarcation  between  the  horizontal  elastic  forces  of tension and
   compression,  exerted  by the fibers in any cross section of a girder.
   --  Optic  axis  of  a  crystal,  the  direction  in  which  a  ray of
   transmitted  light  suffers no double refraction. All crystals, not of
   the  isometric  system, are either uniaxial or biaxial. -- Optic axis,
   Visual  axis  (Opt.),  the straight line passing through the center of
   the  pupil,  and  perpendicular  to the surface of the eye. -- Radical
   axis  of  two  circles (Geom.), the straight line perpendicular to the
   line  joining  their centers and such that the tangents from any point
   of  it to the two circles shall be equal to each other. -- Spiral axis
   (Arch.), the axis of a twisted column drawn spirally in order to trace
   the  circumvolutions  without.  --  Axis  of  abscissas  and  Axis  of
   ordinates. See Abscissa. <-- p. 108 -->

                                     Axle

   Ax"le  (?),  n. [OE. axel, exel, shoulder, AS. ; akin to AS. eax axle,
   Sw.  &  Dan. axel shoulder, ~, G. achse axle, achsel shoulder, L. axis
   axle,  Gr.  aksha,  L. axilla shoulder joint: cf. F. essieu, axle, OF.
   aissel, fr. dim. of L. axis. Axis.]

   1.  The  pin  or  spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves
   with a wheel.

   2.  A  transverse bar or shaft connecting the opposite wheels of a car
   or carriage; an axletree.

   3. An axis; as, the sun's axle.

     Had from her axle torn The steadfast earth. Milton.

     NOTE: &hand; Ra ilway ax les ar e ca lled leading and trailing from
     their  position  in  the  front  or  in  the rear of a car or truck
     respectively.

                                   Axle box

   Ax"le box` (?).

   1. A bushing in the hub of a wheel, through which the axle passes.

   2. The journal box of a rotating axle, especially a railway axle.

     NOTE: &hand; In  railway construction, the axle guard, or pedestal,
     with  the  superincumbent  weight,  rests  on  the  top  of the box
     (usually  with  a  spring  intervening),  and  holds it in place by
     flanges.  The  box  rests  upon  the journal bearing and key, which
     intervene between the inner top of the box and the axle.

                                     Axled

   Ax"led (?), a. Having an axle; -- used in composition.

     Merlin's agate-axled car. T. Warton.

                                  Axle guard

   Ax"le  guard`  (?). The part of the framing of a railway car or truck,
   by  which  an  axle  box  is  held laterally, and in which it may move
   vertically;  --  also called a jaw in the United States, and a housing
   in England.

                                   Axletree

   Ax"le*tree` (?), n. [Cf. Icel. \'94xultr.]

   1.  A bar or beam of wood or iron, connecting the opposite wheels of a
   carriage, on the ends of which the wheels revolve.

   2. A spindle or axle of a wheel. [Obs.]

                                     Axman

   Ax"man (?), n.; pl. Axmen (. One who wields an ax.

                                   Axminster

   Ax"min`ster  (?),  n. An Axminster carpet, an imitation Turkey carpet,
   noted for its thick and soft pile; -- so called from Axminster, Eng.

                                    Axolotl

   Ax"o*lotl  (?),  n.  [The native name.] (Zo\'94l.) An amphibian of the
   salamander tribe found in the elevated lakes of Mexico; the siredon.

     NOTE: &hand; Wh en it  br eeds in  captivity the young develop into
     true   salamanders  of  the  genus  Amblystoma.  This  also  occurs
     naturally  under  favorable  conditions,  in its native localities;
     although  it  commonly  lives  and  breeds  in a larval state, with
     persistent external gills. See Siredon.

                                    Axstone

   Ax"stone`  (?),  n.  (Min.)  A  variety  of  jade.  It is used by some
   savages, particularly the natives of the South Sea Islands, for making
   axes or hatchets.

                                    Axtree

   Ax"tree (?), n. Axle or axletree. [Obs.] Drayton.

                                    Axunge

   Ax"unge  (?),  n.  [F.  axonge,  L.  axungia;  axis  wheel + ungere to
   grease.] Fat; grease; esp. the fat of pigs or geese; usually (Pharm.),
   lard prepared for medical use.

                                      Ay

   Ay  (?),  interj.  Ah!  alas!  "Ay  me! I fondly dream \'bfHad ye been
   there.'" Milton.

                                      Ay

   Ay (?), adv. Same as Aye.

                                     Ayah

   A"yah  (?),  n. [Pg. aia, akin to Sp. aya a governess, ayo a tutor.] A
   native nurse for children; also, a lady's maid. [India]

                                    Aye, Ay

   Aye,  Ay  (?),  adv.  [Perh.  a  modification  of  yea,  or  from  the
   interjection  of admiration or astonishment, OE. ei, ey, why, hey, ay,
   well,  ah,  ha. Cf. MHG. & G. ei, Dan. ej. Or perh. akin to aye ever.]
   Yes;  yea;  -- a word expressing assent, or an affirmative answer to a
   question.  It  is much used in viva voce voting in legislative bodies,
   etc.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd is  wr itten I  in  th e early editions of
     Shakespeare and other old writers.

                                      Aye

   Aye (?), n. An affirmative vote; one who votes in the affirmative; as,
   "To call for the ayes and noes;" "The ayes have it."

                                    Aye, Ay

   Aye,  Ay  (?),  adv.  [Icel. ei, ey; akin to AS. \'be, \'bewa, always,
   Goth. aiws an age, Icel. \'91fi, OHG, , L. aevum, Gr. je, Skr. course.
   Age,  v.,  Either,  a.,  Or,  conj.] Always; ever; continually; for an
   indefinite time.

     For his mercies aye endure. Milton.

   For aye, always; forever; eternally.

                                    Aye-aye

   Aye"-aye`  (?),  n.  [From  the  native  name,  prob.  from  its cry.]
   (Zo\'94l.) A singular nocturnal quadruped, allied to the lemurs, found
   in  Madagascar  (Cheiromys  Madagascariensis), remarkable for its long
   fingers, sharp nails, and rodent-like incisor teeth.

                                   Ayegreen

   Aye"green`   (?),   n.  [Aye  ever  +  green.]  (Bot.)  The  houseleek
   (Sempervivum tectorum). Halliwell.

                              Ayen, Ayein, Ayeins

   A*yen",  A*yein"  (?),  A*yeins" (?), adv. & prep. [OE. Again.] Again;
   back against. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                   Ayenward

   A*yen"ward (?), adv. Backward. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Ayle

   Ayle  (?),  n. [OE. ayel, aiel, OF. aiol, aiel, F. a\'8beul, a dim. of
   L.  avus  grandfather.] A grandfather. [Obs.] Writ of Ayle, an ancient
   English  writ  which  lay  against a stranger who had dispossessed the
   demandant of land of which his grandfather died seized.

                                     Ayme

   Ay"me`  (?),  n. [Cf. F. ahi interj.] The utterance of the ejaculation
   "Ay  me  !"  [Obs.] See Ay, interj. "Aymees and hearty heigh-hoes." J.
   Fletcher.

                                     Ayond

   A*yond" (?), prep. & adv. Beyond. [North of Eng.]

                                     Ayont

   A*yont" (?), prep. & adv. Beyond. [Scot.]

                                  Ayrie, Ayry

   A"y*rie, A"y*ry (?), n. See Aerie. Drayton.

                                   Ayrshire

   Ayr"shire  (?),  n.  (Agric.)  One  of a superior breed of cattle from
   Ayrshire, Scotland. Ayrshires are notable for the quantity and quality
   of their milk.

                                 Ayuntamiento

   A*yun`ta*mi*en"to  (?),  n.  [Sp., fr. OSp. ayuntar to join.] In Spain
   and  Spanish  America,  a corporation or body of magistrates in cities
   and towns, corresponding to mayor and aldermen.

                                    Azalea

   A*za"le*a  (?;  97), n.; pl. Azaleas (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus
   of  showy  flowering  shrubs,  mostly  natives  of  China  or of North
   America;  false  honeysuckle.  The  genus  is  scarcely  distinct from
   Rhododendron.

                                    Azarole

   Az"a*role (?), n. [F. azerole, the name of the fruit, fr. Ar. az-zo'r:
   cf.   It.  azzeruolo,  Sp.  acerolo.]  (Bot.)  The  Neapolitan  medlar
   (Crat\'91gus azarolus), a shrub of southern Europe; also, its fruit.

                                   Azedarach

   A*zed"a*rach   (?),   n.   [F.   az\'82darac,  Sp.  acederaque,  Pers.
   \'bez\'beddirakht noble tree.]

   1.  (Bot.)  A  handsome  Asiatic tree (Melia azedarach), common in the
   southern  United  States;  --  called  also,  Pride of India, Pride of
   China, and Bead tree.

   2.  (Med.) The bark of the roots of the azedarach, used as a cathartic
   and emetic.

                                    Azimuth

   Az"i*muth  (?),  n.  [OE.  azimut,  F.  azimut, fr. Ar. as-sum, pl. of
   as-samt a way, or perh., a point of the horizon and a circle extending
   to it from the zenith, as being the Arabic article: cf. It. azzimutto,
   Pg.  azimuth,  and  Ar.  samt-al-r\'be's the vertex of the heaven. Cf.
   Zenith.]  (Astron.  &  Geodesy) (a) The quadrant of an azimuth circle.
   (b)  An  arc  of  the  horizon intercepted between the meridian of the
   place  and a vertical circle passing through the center of any object;
   as, the azimuth of a star; the azimuth or bearing of a line surveying.

     NOTE: &hand; In  tr igonometrical su rveying, it  is  cu stomary to
     reckon  the  azimuth  of a line from the south point of the horizon
     around by the west from 0° to 360°.

   Azimuth  circle,  or  Vertical circle, one of the great circles of the
   sphere  intersecting  each  other in the zenith and nadir, and cutting
   the  horizon  at  right  angles. Hutton. -- Azimuth compass, a compass
   resembling  the  mariner's  compass,  but having the card divided into
   degrees instead of rhumbs, and having vertical sights; used for taking
   the  magnetic  azimuth  of  a  heavenly  body,  in  order  to find, by
   comparison  with  the  true  azimuth,  the variation of the needle. --
   Azimuth  dial,  a dial whose stile or gnomon is at right angles to the
   plane  of  the  horizon.  Hutton.  --  Magnetic azimuth, an arc of the
   horizon,  intercepted  between the vertical circle passing through any
   object  and  the  magnetic  meridian.  This  is found by observing the
   object with an azimuth compass.

                                   Azimuthal

   Az"i*muth`al  (?), a. Of or pertaining to the azimuth; in a horizontal
   circle.  Azimuthal  error  of  a  transit instrument, its deviation in
   azimuth from the plane of the meridian.

                                     Azo-

   Az"o- (?). [See Azote.] (Chem.) A combining form of azote; (a) Applied
   loosely  to  compounds  having  nitrogen  variously  combined,  as  in
   cyanides,  nitrates,  etc.  (b)  Now  especially  applied to compounds
   containing a two atom nitrogen group uniting two hydrocarbon radicals,
   as  in  azobenzene,  azobenzoic,  etc.  These  compounds  furnish many
   artificial dyes. See Diazo-.

                                  Azobenzene

   Az`o*ben"zene   (?),   n.   [Azo-  +  benzene.]  (Chem.)  A  substance
   (C6H5.N2.C6H5)  derived from nitrobenzene, forming orange red crystals
   which are easily fusible.

                                     Azoic

   A*zo"ic  (?),  a. [Gr. Destitute of any vestige of organic life, or at
   least of animal life; anterior to the existence of animal life; formed
   when  there  was  no  animal  life on the globe; as, the azoic. rocks.
   Azoic  age (Geol.), the age preceding the existence of animal life, or
   anterior  to  the  paleozoic  tome.  Azoic is also used as a noun, age
   being understood. See Arch\'91an, and Eozoic.
   
                                    Azoleic
                                       
   Az`o*le"ic  (?),  a.  [Azo-  +  oleic.]  (Chem.) Pertaining to an acid
   produced by treating oleic with nitric acid. [R.]
   
                                    Azonic
                                       
   A*zon"ic (?), a. [Gr. Confined to no zone or region; not local.
   
                                    Azorian
                                       
   A*zo"ri*an  (?),  a. Of or pertaining to the Azores. -- n. A native of
   the Azores. 

                                     Azote

   Az"ote (?; 277), n. [F. azote, fr. Gr. Same as Nitrogen. [R.]

                                     Azoth

   Az"oth  (?), n. [LL. azoch, azoth, fr. Ar. az-zauq mercury.] (Alchemy)
   (a)  The first principle of metals, i. e., mercury, which was formerly
   supposed  to exist in all metals, and to be extractable from them. (b)
   The universal remedy of Paracelsus.

                                    Azotic

   A*zot"ic  (?),  a. (Chem.) Pertaining to azote, or nitrogen; formed or
   consisting  of  azote;  nitric;  as,  azotic  gas;  azotic  acid. [R.]
   Carpenter.

                                    Azotite

   Az"o*tite (?), n. (Chem.) A salt formed by the combination of azotous,
   or nitrous, acid with a base; a nitrite. [R.]

                                    Azotize

   Az"o*tize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Azotized (p. pr. & vb. n. Azotizing
   ( To impregnate with azote, or nitrogen; to nitrogenize.

                                  Azotometer

   Az`o*tom"e*ter  (?),  n.  [Azote  +  -meter.] (Chem.) An apparatus for
   measuring or determining the proportion of nitrogen; a nitrometer.

                                    Azotous

   A*zo"tous (?), a: Nitrous; as, azotous acid. [R.]

                                     Aztec

   Az"tec (?), a. Of or relating to one of the early races in Mexico that
   inhabited the great plateau of that country at the time of the Spanish
   conquest in 1519. -- n. One of the Aztec race or people.

                                     Azure

   Az"ure  (?;  277), a. [F. & OSp. azur, Sp. azul, through Ar. from Per.
   l\'bejaward,   or   l\'bejuward,   lapis   lazuli,   a   blue   color,
   l\'bejaward\'c6,  l\'bejuward\'c6,  azure,  cerulean,  the  initial  l
   having been dropped, perhaps by the influence of the Ar. azr-aq azure,
   blue.  Cf.  G.  lasur,  lasurstein,  azure color, azure stone, and NL.
   lapis  lazuli.]  Sky-blue;  resembling  the  clear  blue  color of the
   unclouded  sky;  cerulean;  also,  cloudless.  Azure stone (Min.), the
   lapis lazuli; also, the lazulite.

                                     Azure

   Az"ure, n.

   1. The lapis lazuli. [Obs.]

   2.  The  clear  blue  color of the sky; also, a pigment or dye of this
   color. "In robes of azure." Wordsworth.

   3. The blue vault above; the unclouded sky.

     Not like those steps On heaven's azure. Milton.

   4.  (Her.)  A  blue  color,  represented  in  engraving  by horizontal
   parallel lines.

                                     Azure

   Az"ure, v. t. To color blue.

                                    Azured

   Az"ured  (?),  a.  Of an azure color; sky-blue. "The azured harebell."
   Shak.

                                   Azureous

   A*zu"re*ous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of a fine blue color; azure.

                                    Azurine

   Az"u*rine (?), a. [Cf. Azurn.] Azure.

                                    Azurine

   Az"u*rine,   n.   (Zo\'94l.)  The  blue  roach  of  Europe  (Leuciscus
   c\'91ruleus); -- so called from its color.

                                    Azurite

   Az"u*rite (?), n. (Min.) Blue carbonate of copper; blue malachite.

                                     Azurn

   Az"urn  (?),  a. [Cf. OF. azurin, asurin, LL. azurinus. See Azure, a.]
   Azure. [Obs.]

     Thick  set  with  agate,  and  the  azurn sheen Of turkis blue, and
     emerald green. Milton.

                                    Azygous

   Az"y*gous  (?),  a.  [Gr.  Odd;  having  no fellow; not one of a pair;
   single; as, the azygous muscle of the uvula.

                                  Azym, Azyme

   Az"ym,  Az"yme  (?),  n.  [F.  azyme  unleavened,  L.  azymus, fr. Gr.
   Unleavened bread.

                                    Azymic

   A*zym"ic (?), a. Azymous.

                                    Azymite

   Az"y*mite (?), n. [Cf. F. azymite.] (Eccl. Hist.) One who administered
   the  Eucharist  with  unleavened bread; -- a name of reproach given by
   those of the Greek church to the Latins.

                                    Azymous

   Az"y*mous  (?),  a.  [See  Azym.]  Unleavened;  unfermented.  "Azymous
   bread." Dunglison. <-- p. 109 -->